ES2296727T3 - AUTOMATIC AUTHENTICATION OF PROTECTED DOCUMENTS WITH SECURITY BRANDS. - Google Patents

Abstract

Procedure for rapid automatic verification of documents secured with optical marks, in which the positions of the marks in relation to the coordinate system of the document and / or of the automatic checking machine are not known, or are only inaccurately known, with the following phases: 1) In the first phase of the procedure the document on the existence of security marks is analyzed, with low resolution of the recognition unit. 2) In the second phase of the procedure, the place in the document of the individual security marks is determined, with a low resolution of the recognition unit. 3) In the third phase of the procedure, in place of the security mark found, it is analyzed for authenticity, with high resolution. Illuminating the document in the first phase of the procedure with a wavelength in the near infrared and with a wavelength in the visible light, and reproducing on an image sensor, and recognizing in the second phase of the procedure, the positions of markings of security, due to differences in brightness, contrast or color, of the images.

Description

Automatic document authentication Protected with security marks.

Numerous non-electronic personal documents, as an identity document, passport, visas or other documents valuable as stocks, banknotes, bills of exchange and others, are provided in production, for your insurance against fakes, with security marks. These security marks They can be subdivided into four broad categories:

Category TO

Invisible optical marks for the human eye under normal observation, which can be recognized visually or mechanically in certain non-coherent lighting and acquisition conditions

In this there are printed structures, threads inserted, etc., which can be recognized in the visible spectrum, by fluorescence under ultraviolet light. Personal documents and Banknotes are frequently provided with such marks. The control is carried out manually by visual observation under a black light lamp, that is, a light source that emits only in the invisible ultraviolet.

In this category also dyes are counted inserted or printed, with a special behavior to the reflection, often in the area of wavelengths long near infrared (abbreviated NIR). The distribution spectral of the infrared light sent, contains a signature typical that can be checked by a spectrometric procedure. This is designated as a mechanical recognition.

Also belong to this category the hidden information in images, the so-called steganography, the which can be incorporated through certain reticles that they act by modulation in the reticulated printing of the image, and which can be mechanically removed with the help of image processing.

Category B

Optical marks visible to the human eye under normal observation, which are modified under a certain non-coherent illumination

This includes, for example, applied stripes in many personal documents, which can be recognized in the visible but that disappear in lighting with a certain wavelength, generally located in the NIR.

Category C

Optical marks visible to the human eye under normal observation, which, under certain coherent lighting arrangements, produce certain diffraction patterns, due to the diffraction of light

In this there are diffraction gratings placed in transparent or metallized sheets, which in case of a certain laser lighting, produce special models of diffraction, which can be checked with the help of photodetectors or cameras

Category D

Optical marks visible to the human eye under normal observation, representing a mechanically readable code, which carries information

This tells you the impressions that can read mechanically, 1-dimensional and 2-bar barcodes dimensions, two-dimensional matrix codes, and others, which decode with the help of scanners or camera systems.

According to the current state of the art, Currently, only the marks of the category D, with the help of reading devices. These devices they contain one or several cameras, as well as one or several illuminations spectrally different, and are able to decode Automatically read expressions like the call ICAO line in personal documents, applied barcodes of 1 dimension or 2 dimensions. The positions of these codes with relationship to a coordinate system oriented in the document, They are usually established by international standards. To work correctly, the documents have to be put in a certain position in the window of these devices.

These automatic devices then perform only the "decode" function; cannot be used in documents in which the position of the codes is not defined, that is, the position of the document is free. However, to be able to work correctly you need a function "positioning", that is, automatically finding the or the codes in the document, and automatic positioning of a Evaluation window at these points.

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Documents insured according to categories A (except UV marks), B and C, can only be checked mechanically, that is, with the help of technical procedures, usually Optical There are individual proposals for solution, as per example, the use of microspectrometers for analysis spectral, image processing procedures, for the recognition of the information contained in printed images, each of which fulfills a task by itself determined.

The most recent documents are insured at same time with numerous brands that are included in the categories A, B, C and D. Here, very often, it is not defined exactly the geometric position of these marks in the document:

to)

By cause of production tolerances, it can range, for example, the position of a stamped diffraction mark.

b)

By Because of lack of standards, there are no uniform agreements.

C)

By cause of the insecure position of the document in the visual field of the automatic test apparatus, positions with relation to the coordinate system of the reading device.

Today these documents can be checked at form or not automatic at all, or at most, semi-automatic The user has to put and position the document in a certain orientation. This process is insecure and needs weather.

Since the variety of brands applied at the same time, it grows strongly, there is also a large need for systems that automatically recognize which brands they exist in the document, find these and check them automatically. Such systems are not yet available today. day.

The verification of the document itself is called "authentication" The question of whether the document presented, For example, an identity document also belongs to the carrier, is called "verification."

For the suppression of internal controls European customs, for the growth of the generalization of air passengers, the number of documents grows strongly highly insured personnel who can authenticate and that there are to check at airports in no time. The controls Current visuals, eventually with the help of singles UV lighting systems or ICAO character reader devices, They cannot meet this requirement. Similar conditions are also valid for checking valuable documents, such as banknotes, insured shipping papers, among others documents There is therefore a great need for secure documents, which can be checked and read quickly in Robust and automatic way.

It is the mission of the invention a procedure and a provision for fast and automatic authentication of documents secured with numerous optical marks, in which no know, or only know about, the position of the brands in relation to the coordinate system of the document.

This mission is solved by theory technique of claims 1 or 2. The document is illuminated in in its entirety or in partial areas, in a first phase of work, with lighting means whose spectral and geometric distribution, polarization, coherence and development over time optical characteristics of the lighting means, be chosen so that a recordable image is generated by sensors that provide images, in which with procedures of image processing, can be automatically recognized security mark positions, due to differences in brightness, contrast, coloring, drawing, relative to the rest background of the document; that in a second phase of work is carried out checking the corresponding marks only in the areas with images that correspond to the positions found in the first work, and for this the corresponding lights are illuminated areas with images, in such a way that the corresponding marks produce images and / or spectral signatures of which they can deduct the necessary information to verify the trademarks, with image processing procedures and / or the spectrometry

Here it is indifferent if a process of single or multiple scan; in the two functional modes of Procedure can be worked according to the invention.

The classification of safety marks in the categories A to D described here represent only one useful classification for the simplest description of the object of the invention. Other brands that do not conform to any of these explicit categories are also an integral part of the object of the invention.

The process according to the invention allows the determination of the position of safety marks, with relationship to both the coordinate system of the scanned document, as also naturally, to the coordinate system of the own scanner. By recognizing the margin of the sheet against the dark bottom of the flip top, "knows" the scanner how it is oriented the document regarding its own system of coordinates

With this you can find the position of the marks in relation to the coordinate system of the document, what which is important when there are no specifications for this standardized, but also when as a result of production tolerances, the exact position is not known.

Anyway this position information they are at the beginning in the first exploration, in relation to the scanner coordinate system, regardless of the exact orientation of the document in the navigation window of the scanner. With this information you can proceed with great precision to the corresponding illuminations and / or with the sensors of scanner lines, at these points in the document, and perform with  great precision the actual analysis of the brands of authenticity.

If you would like to control likewise, if the security mark position matches the positions standard, or with hidden theorists in other brands, in relation to the coordinate system of the document, a transformation between the scanner coordinate system and the coordinate system of the same document, defined by example, the upper left vertex of the sheet, as the origin X_ {0}, Y_ {0} of document coordinates. Through the recognition of at least two vertices in the window of scan, the translation matrix is prepared - rotation between scanner coordinate system and coordinate system of the document.

This double effect will still be characterized in detail in the specific part of the description and in the claims.
tion

The invention consists among other things in find with appropriate lighting procedures, the position of the authenticity marks in relation to the document and / or with relation to the scanner, these types of lighting can be different than those used in checking brands of authenticity.

An integral part of the object of the invention is also the storage and archiving of all information registered graphics of the insured document, in a database, at the same time with the document check.

For clarification, the purpose of the invention of the hand of a typical document, namely a personal document secured by a combination of numerous brands.

The following are used for this figures:

Figure 1 Shows the schematic structure of a personal document with security marks, ICAO line with NIR underline, barcode, photo with information hidden in the image, and a diffraction mark placed on a metallic foil.

Figure 2 Shows as an example, the individual positions of the marks to be checked, which are determined  regardless of the position of the document in the device, and of the exact position with respect to the document itself.

Figure 3 Schematically shows a proposal typical solution, in which the entire document is scanned with a camera scanner by lines, high resolution, under different spectral, geometric and different illuminations in the weather.

The object of the invention is clarified by way of example, but not restrictively, from the hand of a document personnel insured by several brands at the same time.

According to figure 1, this document 1 must be assured by the following brands to position and check mechanically:

to)

By a mechanically readable text 2 with a line that in case of a illumination selected spectrally in the near infrared, It is no longer reflected.

b)

By a 3-dimensional bar code 3, which contains information cryptographically insured.

to)

By a diffraction element 4 that is placed in the center of a Metallic star-shaped sheet, and that in case of coherent illumination at a specific wavelength, reflects certain diffraction models.

C)

By information steganographically hidden in image 5 of the Photography.

Zone 6 of text does not contain any marks of safety or mechanically readable information. But no However, it has to be recognized mechanically as an area that is not Evaluate

The design of the document can be described by the position of these individual marks in relation to an x system, and of coordinates, adjusted to the margin of the document. These positions, when exploring through the arrangement according to the invention, they should not be known, or they are with little security, so that according to the invention, in a first phase of work, they have to determine the positions of these brands in relation to the system of coordinates.

Figure 2 shows by way of example, a willingness to carry out the work phase, "positioning."

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Document 1 is placed with the face to be evaluated in the apparatus 12. Through window 13, optically scanned by lines the face, with the head 15 of the sensor, moved by a motor, and that moves linearly along the orientation 14.

As an example, for the first phase of procedure, some procedures are described to find the individual positions of the brands, and for their identification by specific lighting according to the object of the invention.

To find the positions of zone 2 of text, 3-dimensional bar code 3, and photography 5, document 1 is illuminated during scanning by diffuse lighting 16, alternatively with a wavelength in the near infrared, and with a visible wavelength of light. This can happen through temporary diode switching (LED's) light emitters selected spectrally properly. When switching takes place synchronized with the frequency of lines, they are generated in the unit's image storage 21 operative, two images A and B interwoven with one another, and must represent A the illuminated image in the NIR range, and B, in the visible.

to)

By lighting in the near infrared, the continuous line 11 disappears in zone 2 of text while remaining clearly recognizable in the light visible. The texts, both in zone 2, and also in zone 6, they can be clearly recognized both in the NIR area, as well as in visible light, since black printing absorbs a range Wide wavelengths of illumination. By means of the evaluation of the graphic information that differ clearly in the two images A and B, zone 2 can be differentiated of text, from zone 6 of text.

Figure 3 shows images A and B with the corresponding contents graphics. Through the position of line 11 that disappears between A and B, you can find out the position of the text area to evaluate mechanically, with respect to the x, y coordinate system. To the same time, by disappearing line 11 in the image A, you can now go to the second phase of the procedure, namely, The security mark check.

b)

The Zone 3 with the 2-dimensional barcode, is visible in the two images A and B. It can be recognized from the remaining content chart with known methods to the recognition specialist of models, hand in hand with the high local frequencies that characterize the code model.

C)

He automatic positioning of image 5 of color photography, can be recognized, for example, by making pigments dyes in photo 5, strongly modify your reflection behavior between lighting in the NIR, and illumination in the visible area, while the behavior to the Background paper reflection remains similar.

In figure 3 this property is illustrated by a weaker contrast between photography and background in image A, compared to the contrast in the image B. This local difference allows the specialist Image processing, determine the position of the photograph with respect to the coordinate system of the document.

d)

By lighting the document with the illumination 17 directed, the position of the metallic foil that carries the diffraction element in the center. While under diffuse lighting 16, the contrast between metallic foil and background paper, appears relatively weak, and this also with relative independence of the wavelength that illuminates, by means of oblique directed lighting, the difference of contrast between the metallic reflective sheet like a mirror, and The bottom paper becomes very large.

The lighting directed obliquely, not reflected in the entrance pupil of the lens 18 image player. In this way the sheet It appears darker than the background. This is represented in the figure. 3, in image C.

Is known to optics specialist that this contrast difference can also obtained by means of a so-called bright field lighting, in which the lighting is arranged so that by means of the sheet speculate, reflect directly on the target's pupil image player and therefore appears brighter than the diffuse reflection background.

Yes at the same time the lighting directed obliquely is chosen coherently at least partially, it is achieved at the same time as the brand of security itself in the center of the metallic star, that is, the diffraction element reflects with one of the orders diffraction in the pupil of the image reproductive objective and by So, appear clear.

For him Image processing specialist is easy to recognize both the position of the metallic star, as well as that of the element of diffraction at its center, because of these great differences of contrast.

Since the work phase of the positioning, does not require the high resolution of the image that requires the actual mechanical evaluation of the text area, of the 2D code, of the information hidden in the photograph, as well as the diffraction model, according to the invention the taking of the individual images coordinated to the respective types of lighting, with restricted resolution. This can happen  technically, making the line sensor that reproduces the image, work with a greater width of passage during this phase of positioning procedure.

Another object of the invention is to connect the individual illuminations synchronized with the rhythm of lines of the line sensor that provides the image and therefore get a series of lower resolution embedded images in a process of exploration, of which, as a result of the differences systematic contrast and model positions are determined of individual brands with recognition methods of Models and image processing.

It is important that both in the procedure of simple scanning, as well as in the multiple, the whole document it is illuminated every time with multispectral radiation, so that the authenticity marks correspondingly distributed in the document, react with different spectral responses, and also record with sensors that absorb spectrally different.

In the simplest case they are used as sources of radiation, synchronized light-emitting diodes, because it is only a relatively low resolution is necessary.

There is a line sensor that contains a row of image capture sensors, whose line sensor is now moves throughout the document. A similar sensor of silicon would have, for example, a spectral sensitivity from the visible light to the NIR spectrum. During the procedure of This line sensor is now sent alternately in each line the light emitting diodes that emit visible light, and alternatively the light emitting diodes in the area NIR spectral. This is generated in the storage of images the signal receives, a partially global image Toothed, which consists, for example, of 1000 lines. Of them, 500 lines are applied with signals that correspond to the answer spectral in visible light, while 500 lines are applied with signals that correspond to the spectral response of the marks of authenticity in the NIR range.

With the current software methods, they separate these image areas in the set of images, and they They continue to process separately.

This process is done mostly in the simple scanning procedure, because this is especially fast and yet produces a relatively resolution low.

In the storage of images they would be stored virtually now, for example, places and types of the authenticity marks, according to figures 3a to 3c. Then by For example, in the infrared zone in the image to be analyzed, the photograph according to figure 5 is no longer visible, while the others Authenticity marks, for example, diffraction element 4, It can be read well in the NIR area.

But in the visible (white light), for example, the Photograph 5 can be read very well.

From this model, for example, of a 1000-line image set, containing 500 lines of one of the images, and 500 lines of the other image, is now determined by determining the difference between the two images selected, where are the authenticity marks.

Thus, with reference to image 5 of the photograph, in the visible area the image of the photograph could read well, while in the NIR area, photography only it can be read badly, or has disappeared completely, so that with the determination of this differential image, it is clearly established that in this place there is an image of the Photograph that can be read in visible light.

This is determined unequivocally in the document, the place of this picture of the photograph.

Naturally, the portion of white light is they can deduce not only the place of photography, but still, by example, color information or other information that may derive from the white light spectrum.

This is also analogously valid for the determination of the place of the remaining elements in which, by example, in relation to mechanically readable text 2, line 11 disappears in the NIR zone, while it exists in the zone visible, so that the place can be determined without further ado of this text 2 mechanically readable.

Naturally the invention is not limited. only to the determination of a differential image from two different spectral wavelengths, but - as indicated earlier in the invention - even the direction of light irradiated and the spectral response that results from it, is a measure for the place and type of marks used for authenticity.

In current claim 3 it is indicated also that the geometric distribution of lighting is used to find the authenticity marks. For the concept "geometric distribution" means, for example, the direction of the irradiated light, but also the distribution geometric, for example, in the form of a reticular structure, or of a specially distributed geometric structure, as per example, concentric rings or other geometric arrangements of The lighting sources.

All brands cited in claim 3 in force, individually or also in various combinations, they can contribute to the solution of the mission of the invention.

The degree of polarization of the lighting source, to obtain a certain reading of authenticity marks.

The invention is not limited to the use of coherent light, but not light can also be used consistent or semi-coherent.

Under the concept of "temporary activity" understand that the authenticity mark radiates with a boost determined, and the impulse response and its decrease are analyzes in a certain time window, so that, by consequently, the temporary activity of the impulse response, for reading the mark of authenticity.

Thus, all the measures mentioned previously they serve first for the determination of instead of the authenticity marks that are distributed in the document.

Now there are many possibilities for Performing the method according to the invention:

According to a first embodiment it is provided that -in accordance with the preceding description- First, the entire document is scanned, with one more resolution low, and the place of authenticity marks is established. This It has been explained in detail above.

Now, when the place of the authenticity marks through the corresponding analyzes of the signals are scanned in a second scanner cycle, with greater resolution, and the image obtained from the signal, is analyzed further exactly and undergoes special methods of analysis, but only at the points that are relevant for authenticity marks found specifically in this place (exploration multiple).

To save time, the second process of scanning can naturally be limited to certain areas of the document. But here it is important that the second process of Scanning can be done with a relatively high speed, since it would only have to be scanned with high resolution, in certain points where brands of authenticity.

That is, you can change the speed of scanning, without paying attention throughout the document, of so that it is only scanned with higher resolution at the points where there are authenticity marks, while it is passed with greater speed through the "empty" area of the document. This increases essentially the processing speed.

In another embodiment (claim 2 secondary), the entire document is scanned once with the maximum resolution necessary for the recognition of the marks of authenticity, for the scanned image and the signal response obtained from it, then determine Immediately place the authenticity marks.

If the place of the authenticity marks is established from the signal response, then in this place can now be analyzed more exactly the signal corresponding obtained, on authenticity marks, by software.

A digital image is thus produced in a set of several lines, of the whole document and of the marks of authenticity contained in it. In the later phase it is carried out now the authenticity check of each individual brand, only exactly in the place where the authenticity mark. This saves on all calculation time, and produces an essentially higher production yield for the apparatus according to the invention. For the rest, it is now possible in a second scanner pass, stop at certain means of lighting, just for this recognized place, and radiate this recognized place, and perform the corresponding check of authenticity.

This can be used individually or in combination with each other, all methods and notes recognition characteristics, for recognition and verification of this authenticity mark, as described in the general part (and especially also in claim 3). This is especially valid for the type and form of irradiation, for the spectral distribution of the irradiation source, and others similar. And of course, always focused on the place recognized of the authenticity brand, and only about this place. This has the essential advantage that now, based on of the found place of the authenticity brand, the laser that is necessary, for example, for the recognition of a brand of authenticity, can now be positioned with great accuracy with relation to this brand of authenticity, to illuminate this, and measure correspondingly the radiation response. There is a signal-to-noise ratio essentially better, which is no longer inaccuracy function of the document position.

This type of brand evaluation of authenticity obtains great importance in authenticity marks which are arranged on the basis of diffraction structures. Here you get a very exact positioning of the source of radiation, with respect to the authenticity mark, and here it They produce the advantages of the invention.

Other brands of authenticity, for example, the fact of whether at a certain point of a document, there is a certain fluorescent wire. This thread It is then illuminated with a corresponding source of radiation. Also here the positioning of the source of radiation, with respect to the wire, to obtain a relationship favorable signal - noise. In this way the further advantage is produced  that because of the fixed position and the place of the marks of authenticity, you can also visit other areas in the document, to find there authenticity marks eventually uniquely hidden (so also placed arbitrarily). For example, in bank robberies with violent extortion of cash, it happens that certain documents (banknotes) are indicated in a special way, and such signals can be found at other points when they exist in the document in the form of a drawing or specification. Also such Hidden marks of authenticity and uniquely existing, are can recognize and evaluate quickly and simply, with the theory of The technical invention

Another conditioning according to the invention is that all spectrally different illuminations, are connected at the same time, and in the path of the optics rays reproductive, by one or several beam splitters depending on the wavelengths are projected at the same time corresponding images on different image sensors.

The arrangement described represents only one example of the procedure and composition of the provision according to the invention. The use of matrix sensors, of optical point-to-point or element scanning sensors sensors integrated in a chip, which are a function of the spectrum, of the coherence and / or management are an integral part of the invention, and known to the optics specialist, so that They do not have to be explained here in detail.

According to the invention, the marks of diffraction, making a coherent source of light as, by example, a laser diode, go to the position that was determined In the first phase of work. This can happen, for example, causing a laser diode to mechanically move so that its ray of light is directed on the diffraction element, directly or through intermediate optical elements, such as mirrors, prisms, beam splitters, etc. The diffraction image generated is transformed, for example, by frosted glass, in a real image of structures in a timely manner, and is registered by an image sensor. Brand checking can be done by checking the position and arrangement, as well as the radiometric characteristics, such as brightness ratios of these structures in the image registered by the sensor 20 of image, with the help of an operating unit 21.

According to the invention, the position of a diffraction mark can also be determined by having a coherent source of illumination, on a scanning grid, locally illuminate the document in the presumed positions of the mark, and with the help of an image sensor a Illustration of this local region. If successful in the diffraction element, significant structures known a priori appear , by the definition of the diffraction element, so that positioning is then carried out, when these expected structures appear.

Definitions of the diffraction element with Regarding its position, the type of diffraction structures produced, the information contained therein, or the specification of decoding, are deposited according to the invention in other brands mechanically readable from the same document, for example, encrypted cryptographically in the 2-dimensional barcode, or in the information steganographically hidden in the image of the Photography. This procedure has the great advantage that for such norms do not have to take any fixed norms for the special document This allows to produce diffraction elements individual for each element, and hide the information necessary for verification in the same document, but in one several other security brands.

This procedure of the individual mark of security whose verification specification is encoded in one or several other marks of the same document, is valid according to the invention, not only for safety, diffraction marks, but basically also for all the others. For example, the shape or type of UV visible marks can be hidden in the Picture of the photograph. With the decoding of these information, the specification of test for the mechanical verification of the, or of the UV marks, without that has to be consulted in a database, a norm or another source of information deposited outside the same document Properly said.

Drawing legend

one

Document

2

Mechanically readable text

3

Barcode

4

Diffraction element

5

Photography

6

Text zone

eleven

Line

12

Apparatus

13

Window

14

Orientation

fifteen

Sensor head

16

Diffuse lighting

17

Directed lighting

18

Image player lens

twenty

Image sensor

twenty-one

Operative unit.

Claims (11)

1. Procedure for automatic verification fast documents secured with optical marks, in which no the positions of the marks in relation to the coordinate system of the document and / or of the automatic checking machine, with the following phases:

one)

In the The first phase of the procedure analyzes the document on existence of security marks, with low resolution of the unit of recognition.

2)

In the second stage of the procedure determines the place in the document of individual security marks, with resolution also Low recognition unit.

3)

In the third phase of the procedure, in place of the security mark found, this is analyzed for authenticity, with high resolution.

Illuminating the document in the first phase of the procedure with a near infrared wavelength and with a wavelength in visible light, and reproducing in a image sensor, and recognizing itself in the second phase of procedure, security mark positions, because of the  differences in brightness, contrast or color, of the images. 2. Procedure for automatic verification fast documents secured with optical marks, in which no the positions of the marks in relation to the coordinate system of the document and / or of The automatic checking machine, with the following phases:

one)

In the first stage of the procedure the document is scanned with the maximum resolution necessary for the recognition of the marks of authenticity, and from the scanned image is determined Immediately place the authenticity marks.

2)

In a second phase of the procedure is analyzed with great precision in the place of certain security marks, the response of the signal obtained there, through software analysis of the signal response, only in this place.

Illuminating the document in the first phase of the procedure with a near infrared wavelength and with a wavelength in visible light, and reproducing in a image sensor, and recognizing the positions of brands of security, due to differences in brightness, contrast or of color, of the images. 3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, determining the position of a diffraction mark (4) by having a coherent source of illumination, on a scanning grid, locally illuminate the document in the presumed positions of the mark, and with the help An image of this local region is obtained from an image sensor, and that this position is modified until the expected graphic structures appear, known a priori by the definition of the diffraction element (4). 4. Procedure according to any of the claims 1 to 3, the lights being switched on alternately synchronized with changing a sensor line (20) image recorder and, therefore, a overlapping arrangement of images that line by line correspond to each of the illuminations necessary for the recognition of the position of safety marks. 5. Procedure according to any of the claims 1 to 3, being activated at the same time several of the necessary lighting sources (16, 17), and reproducing the image of the surface of the document, corresponding to each light source, using beam splitters, on a sensor own image. 6. Procedure according to any of the claims 1 to 5, determining the type of the brand of existing security, based on the characteristics of the position Determined security marks. 7. Procedure according to any of the claims 1 to 6, the information being deposited and necessary definitions for positioning and checking a security mark, in one or several other readable marks mechanically of the same document. 8. Method according to claim 7, the definitions of an individual being established individually certain security mark for each document (1), and being encoded the part of the definitions that is necessary for the positioning and checking, in one or several other brands mechanically readable from the same document (1). 9. Procedure according to any of the claims 1 to 8, storing the graphic information that  they occur in the automatic evaluation of the document, and others information, in a document database, from the which can be determined at any time, other properties of the document that exceed the accuracy of the security marks and of mechanically readable information. 10. Provision for the realization of method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the document to be checked is scanned with an optical arrangement of different sources of lighting, and with one or several sensors of image recorded by the document, and the images produced by the or image sensors, coordinated to individual sources of lighting, they become electrical digital signals, and they stored and evaluated in an operating unit, heading for the Diffraction element (4) check, a light source coherent, configured as a laser diode, on the position determined in the first phase of the procedure, and moving the laser diode mechanically, so that its beam of light is directed  on the diffraction element (4), directly or through intermediate optical elements such as mirrors, prisms and dividers of beam, and the generated diffraction image is transformed by a frosted glass, in a real image, and is registered by a image sensor 11. Arrangement according to claim 10, in which all spectrally different illuminations are connected at the same time, and in the path of the rays of the reproductive optics, by one or several beam splitters in function of the wavelengths, the corresponding images are Project at the same time on different image sensors.