EP4358100A1 - Insulator against electrosmog and its use - Google Patents

Insulator against electrosmog and its use Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4358100A1
EP4358100A1 EP22202549.6A EP22202549A EP4358100A1 EP 4358100 A1 EP4358100 A1 EP 4358100A1 EP 22202549 A EP22202549 A EP 22202549A EP 4358100 A1 EP4358100 A1 EP 4358100A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulator
concentration
hologram
less
electromagnetic radiation
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EP22202549.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jan Horvath
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to EP22202549.6A priority Critical patent/EP4358100A1/en
Publication of EP4358100A1 publication Critical patent/EP4358100A1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/002Inhomogeneous material in general
    • H01B3/004Inhomogeneous material in general with conductive additives or conductive layers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an anti-electrosmog insulator and its use for neutralizing harmful non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation, which can be simply and removably attached to a device emitting the above-mentioned radiation.
  • the present invention relates to an electromagnetic radiation isolator for a device, such as a mobile phone device, that receives or transmits radio frequency radiation.
  • a human organism reacts to electromagnetic stimuli, e.g. electromagnetic radiation.
  • electromagnetic radiation e.g. electromagnetic radiation.
  • the effects of electromagnetic radiation can be divided into two groups - thermal and non-thermal. Unlike the thermal effects that affect people in contact with a high-intensity radio frequency field, the non-thermal effects can affect practically every person who has a mobile phone near their ear, hands on a keyboard and electronic devices most of the time, even in during rest or sleep.
  • One of the potential health risks for cell phone users is related to the high frequency radiation used to transmit cell phone signals.
  • other devices that receive or emit radio frequency radiation may also be associated with potential health risks due to user exposure to radio waves.
  • Such devices may include wireless radio telephones and their base stations, analog and ISDN telephones, radios, computers, baby monitors, WLAN devices, air conditioners, refrigerators, microwave ovens, printers, washing machines.
  • Ionizing radiation generally has a destructive effect on living organisms, while the effects of non-ionizing radiation, such as radio waves, are not clear cut.
  • non-ionizing radiation such as radio waves
  • electrosmog By electrosmog, the inventor refers to the result of the accumulation of various electromagnetic influences in one area, i.e. the accumulation of interaction between electric and magnetic fields and the exposed person, to a degree that may not exceed hygienic limits, but exceeds the biological resistance of the individual. Fatigue, weakness, exhaustion, stress are manifestations of exposure to electrosmog. Electrosmog is created during the production, transport and consumption of technically produced energy. This term is also confused with "electromagnetic compatibility of the human environment”.
  • JP2005332919A describes a case for a digital device such as a mobile phone that isolates electrosmog from a person.
  • the case consists of several layers and for the user it is necessary to carry it with them or store the device in a case if it wants to remove electrosmog. It is also impractical to place the phone in this case from the point of view of immediate use of the device or visual supervision of it, or a sufficiently strong sound warning that the case will surely dampen.
  • the task of the present invention is therefore to provide a technical solution for at least partial reduction of electrosmog in a person's surroundings, thereby at least partially neutralizing its negative effects, while the device is simply removable and the user does not have to periodically place the device in an insulator against electrosmog as is the case, for example cases.
  • the present invention in the first embodiment, essentially represents a self-adhesive insulator containing a hologram, the material of the insulator being a synthetic resin, in which the electromagnetic wave shielding material contributing to electrosmog is homogeneously distributed.
  • the insulator is made of a material that transmits visible light.
  • the essence of the invention is the homogeneity of the electromagnetic wave shielding material, which is integrated in the synthetic resin.
  • the insulator according to the invention can be glued to a high-frequency device having a surface to which the insulator with the hologram is attached. The surface may be an external surface such as a cover or the like.
  • the insulator can be of any three-dimensional shape.
  • the hologram isolator of the invention isolates at least a portion of the received and/or transmitted radio frequency radiation that is considered electrosmog without significantly affecting the quality of the radio frequency signal, thereby ensuring that the user is exposed to less radio frequency radiation than if the hologram was not present ⁇ .
  • the size of the hologram can be chosen according to the size of the device on which the insulating sticker is attached and according to the amount of radiation to be isolated from the person.
  • the insulator with the hologram is attached to a device, e.g. a mobile phone or a hands-free headset.
  • the insulator with the hologram is attached to the device using an adhesive layer, known from the state of the art. More preferably, an adhesive is used with such strength that the hologram is securely attached to the device, but such that the hologram can be removed from the device at any time during its use. The insulator with the hologram can therefore be easily replaced as needed.
  • the hologram material is chosen to effectively absorb or reflect the electromagnetic waves contributing to electrosmog, but still be optically transparent to the electromagnetic radiation carrying the signal between devices.
  • This material is preferably chosen in accordance with the functional parameters of the given device.
  • the material of the hologram is advantageously chosen so that it transmits a mobile signal with a frequency of 2 GHz, but absorbs most of the other radiation in the area of radio frequency waves, i.e. in the area from 2 GHz - 30 GHz.
  • the insulator according to the invention is not harmful to the environment in any way, and therefore it can be disposed of in the usual way.
  • FIG. 1 represents a front view and a side view of an insulator with a hologram according to the invention
  • Figure 1 shows an electrosmog insulator with a hologram according to the invention.
  • the insulator with the hologram can be removably attached, with the help of an adhesive layer, to the mobile phone according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mobile phone contains an internal antenna for receiving and/or transmitting a high-frequency signal to/from the nearest base station.
  • Base stations continuously transmit low-power radio waves to cell phones, while cell phones transmit radio waves only during a call.
  • An insulator with a hologram can be placed on the back surface of the mobile phone.
  • an insulator with a suitably shaped hologram could be placed on the side surface of the mobile phone or any other available location.
  • the insulator with the hologram is placed horizontally in the middle of the phone.
  • an insulator with a hologram can be placed on a baby monitor or on any other device emitting electromagnetic radiation, e.g. analogy and ISDN telephones, radios, computers, WLAN devices, air conditioners, refrigerators, microwave ovens , printer, washing machine.
  • any other device emitting electromagnetic radiation e.g. analogy and ISDN telephones, radios, computers, WLAN devices, air conditioners, refrigerators, microwave ovens , printer, washing machine.
  • the electrosmog insulator with the hologram attached to the electromagnetic radiation emitting device is attached with an adhesive layer on one side of the insulator.
  • This adhesive layer is applied during the preparation of the insulator, while the end product can be further provided with a protective layer placed on the adhesive layer so that during transfer or packaging there is no degradation of this adhesive layer and at the same time that the adhesive layer maintains its adhesive properties until the first use.
  • this protective layer placed on the adhesive layer can be waxed paper.
  • the adhesive layer should be of a material, such as an adhesive, that is strong enough to allow firm, yet removable, attachment of the hologram insulator to the mobile phone, but not so strong that the hologram cannot be completely removed from the device.
  • the adhesive layer easily sticks the insulator to e.g. metal, wood, glass, plastic, etc.
  • the insulator with the hologram has an elliptical cross-section.
  • the hologram insulator may be shaped differently.
  • the hologram may be circular or square. The use of other hologram shapes is also considered.
  • the size of the hologram insulator can be such that it covers approximately half the area of the back surface of a device, e.g. a mobile phone.
  • the insulator with a hologram with an ellipse cross-section has a major axis dimension of 45 mm and a minor axis of 22 mm, or 20 mm and 10 mm, and a height of 2 mm. The height is preferably chosen in such a way that it effectively isolates the electrosmog device from the person.
  • the size of the hologram to be used may vary according to the area of space available on the mobile phone.
  • the hologram can be a single colour photopolymer hologram (e.g. green or amber).
  • the hologram is preferably light in colour to provide a clear contrast against the dark coloured edge burn.
  • two colour photopolymer holograms e.g. red-green or blue-green
  • full colour photopolymer holograms may be used.
  • the insulator with the hologram contains a visual indicator when the hologram should be replaced.
  • the visual indicator can be in the form of alternate guides or marks on the hologram.
  • the hologram material is chosen to effectively absorb or reflect the electromagnetic waves contributing to electrosmog, but still be optically transparent to the electromagnetic radiation carrying the signal between devices.
  • This material is preferably chosen in accordance with the functional parameters of the given device.
  • the material of the hologram is advantageously chosen so that it transmits a mobile signal with a frequency of 2 GHz, but absorbs most of the other radiation in the area of radio frequency waves, i.e. in the area from 2 GHz - 30 GHz.
  • the insulator according to the invention is not harmful to the environment in any way, and therefore it can be disposed of in the usual way.

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  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an insulator against electrosmog and its use. The insulator contains a hologram to absorb or reflect electromagnetic radiation from the area that contributes to electrosmog. The insulator is made of resin containing homogeneously distributed benzene particles in a concentration of less than 0.4 mg/kg; bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in a concentration of less than 0.025 wt. %; Lead in a concentration of less than 10 mg/kg; Mercury in a concentration of 548 mg/kg; Chromium in a concentration of less than 10 mg/kg; and Cadmium in a concentration of less than 5 mg/kg. The insulator also contains an adhesive layer for removable connection to a device, especially a mobile phone.

Description

    Technical field
  • The present invention relates to an anti-electrosmog insulator and its use for neutralizing harmful non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation, which can be simply and removably attached to a device emitting the above-mentioned radiation. In particular, the present invention relates to an electromagnetic radiation isolator for a device, such as a mobile phone device, that receives or transmits radio frequency radiation.
  • Background art
  • A human organism reacts to electromagnetic stimuli, e.g. electromagnetic radiation. The effects of electromagnetic radiation can be divided into two groups - thermal and non-thermal. Unlike the thermal effects that affect people in contact with a high-intensity radio frequency field, the non-thermal effects can affect practically every person who has a mobile phone near their ear, hands on a keyboard and electronic devices most of the time, even in during rest or sleep.
  • One of the potential health risks for cell phone users is related to the high frequency radiation used to transmit cell phone signals. Similarly, other devices that receive or emit radio frequency radiation may also be associated with potential health risks due to user exposure to radio waves. Such devices may include wireless radio telephones and their base stations, analog and ISDN telephones, radios, computers, baby monitors, WLAN devices, air conditioners, refrigerators, microwave ovens, printers, washing machines.
  • Ionizing radiation generally has a destructive effect on living organisms, while the effects of non-ionizing radiation, such as radio waves, are not clear cut. However, according to the international application WO 2004/075583 , there are already proven causal cases between non-ionizing radiation and the effect on human health.
  • By electrosmog, the inventor refers to the result of the accumulation of various electromagnetic influences in one area, i.e. the accumulation of interaction between electric and magnetic fields and the exposed person, to a degree that may not exceed hygienic limits, but exceeds the biological resistance of the individual. Fatigue, weakness, exhaustion, stress are manifestations of exposure to electrosmog. Electrosmog is created during the production, transport and consumption of technically produced energy. This term is also confused with "electromagnetic compatibility of the human environment".
  • Due to the potential health risks of radio waves for mobile phone users and other devices listed above, it would therefore be advisable to reduce the amount of radio frequency radiation to which the mobile phone user is exposed.
  • JP2005332919A describes a case for a digital device such as a mobile phone that isolates electrosmog from a person. The case consists of several layers and for the user it is necessary to carry it with them or store the device in a case if it wants to remove electrosmog. It is also impractical to place the phone in this case from the point of view of immediate use of the device or visual supervision of it, or a sufficiently strong sound warning that the case will surely dampen.
  • The task of the present invention is therefore to provide a technical solution for at least partial reduction of electrosmog in a person's surroundings, thereby at least partially neutralizing its negative effects, while the device is simply removable and the user does not have to periodically place the device in an insulator against electrosmog as is the case, for example cases.
  • Summary of the invention
  • The above-mentioned disadvantages are overcome by the invention as defined in the patent claims. The present invention, in the first embodiment, essentially represents a self-adhesive insulator containing a hologram, the material of the insulator being a synthetic resin, in which the electromagnetic wave shielding material contributing to electrosmog is homogeneously distributed. The insulator is made of a material that transmits visible light. The essence of the invention is the homogeneity of the electromagnetic wave shielding material, which is integrated in the synthetic resin. The insulator according to the invention can be glued to a high-frequency device having a surface to which the insulator with the hologram is attached. The surface may be an external surface such as a cover or the like.
  • The insulator can be of any three-dimensional shape.
  • While the radio frequency device is in operation, the hologram isolator of the invention isolates at least a portion of the received and/or transmitted radio frequency radiation that is considered electrosmog without significantly affecting the quality of the radio frequency signal, thereby ensuring that the user is exposed to less radio frequency radiation than if the hologram was not present ý. The size of the hologram can be chosen according to the size of the device on which the insulating sticker is attached and according to the amount of radiation to be isolated from the person.
  • The insulator with the hologram is attached to a device, e.g. a mobile phone or a hands-free headset. The insulator with the hologram is attached to the device using an adhesive layer, known from the state of the art. More preferably, an adhesive is used with such strength that the hologram is securely attached to the device, but such that the hologram can be removed from the device at any time during its use. The insulator with the hologram can therefore be easily replaced as needed.
  • The hologram material is chosen to effectively absorb or reflect the electromagnetic waves contributing to electrosmog, but still be optically transparent to the electromagnetic radiation carrying the signal between devices. This material is preferably chosen in accordance with the functional parameters of the given device. In a certain embodiment, the material of the hologram is advantageously chosen so that it transmits a mobile signal with a frequency of 2 GHz, but absorbs most of the other radiation in the area of radio frequency waves, i.e. in the area from 2 GHz - 30 GHz. The theoretical basis for choosing such a material, including examples, can be found, for example, in Hualiang Lv, Zhihong Yang, Hongge Pan, Renbing Wu, Electromagnetic absorption materials: Current progress and new frontiers, Progress in Materials Science, Volume 127, 2022, 100946, ISSN 0079-6425, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2022.100946 .
  • Homogeneous distribution
    • ▪ benzene at a concentration of less than 0.4 mg/kg;
    • ▪ bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in a concentration of less than 0.025 wt. %;
    • ▪ Lead in a concentration of less than 10 mg/kg;
    • ▪ Mercury in a concentration of 548 mg/kg;
    • ▪ Chromium in a concentration of less than 10 mg/kg; and
    • • Cadmium in a concentration of less than 5 mg/kg;
    it provides a technical effect of indicating the use of an insulator depending on the degree of exposure to electrosmog and also contributes to the isolation of electromagnetic waves contributing to electrosmog. The larger insulator is used for laptops, while the smaller insulator is preferably used for mobile phones, etc.
  • The insulator according to the invention is not harmful to the environment in any way, and therefore it can be disposed of in the usual way.
  • Brief description of drawing
  • An embodiment of the present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:
    Fig. 1 represents a front view and a side view of an insulator with a hologram according to the invention
  • Detailed description
  • Figure 1 shows an electrosmog insulator with a hologram according to the invention. The insulator with the hologram can be removably attached, with the help of an adhesive layer, to the mobile phone according to one embodiment of the present invention. The mobile phone contains an internal antenna for receiving and/or transmitting a high-frequency signal to/from the nearest base station. Base stations continuously transmit low-power radio waves to cell phones, while cell phones transmit radio waves only during a call.
  • An insulator with a hologram can be placed on the back surface of the mobile phone. Alternatively, an insulator with a suitably shaped hologram could be placed on the side surface of the mobile phone or any other available location. Preferably, the insulator with the hologram is placed horizontally in the middle of the phone.
  • In another embodiment, an insulator with a hologram, according to an alternative embodiment of this invention, can be placed on a baby monitor or on any other device emitting electromagnetic radiation, e.g. analogy and ISDN telephones, radios, computers, WLAN devices, air conditioners, refrigerators, microwave ovens , printer, washing machine.
  • In embodiments according to the invention, the electrosmog insulator with the hologram attached to the electromagnetic radiation emitting device is attached with an adhesive layer on one side of the insulator. This adhesive layer is applied during the preparation of the insulator, while the end product can be further provided with a protective layer placed on the adhesive layer so that during transfer or packaging there is no degradation of this adhesive layer and at the same time that the adhesive layer maintains its adhesive properties until the first use. In one embodiment, this protective layer placed on the adhesive layer can be waxed paper. The adhesive layer should be of a material, such as an adhesive, that is strong enough to allow firm, yet removable, attachment of the hologram insulator to the mobile phone, but not so strong that the hologram cannot be completely removed from the device.
  • The adhesive layer easily sticks the insulator to e.g. metal, wood, glass, plastic, etc.
  • In the embodiments of Figure 1, the insulator with the hologram has an elliptical cross-section. However, in alternative embodiments, the hologram insulator may be shaped differently. In other embodiments, the hologram may be circular or square. The use of other hologram shapes is also considered.
  • The size of the hologram insulator can be such that it covers approximately half the area of the back surface of a device, e.g. a mobile phone. In a preferred embodiment, the insulator with a hologram with an ellipse cross-section has a major axis dimension of 45 mm and a minor axis of 22 mm, or 20 mm and 10 mm, and a height of 2 mm. The height is preferably chosen in such a way that it effectively isolates the electrosmog device from the person.
  • In particular, the size of the hologram to be used may vary according to the area of space available on the mobile phone.
  • The hologram can be a single colour photopolymer hologram (e.g. green or amber). The hologram is preferably light in colour to provide a clear contrast against the dark coloured edge burn. Alternatively, two colour photopolymer holograms (e.g. red-green or blue-green) can be used. In another alternative embodiment, full colour photopolymer holograms may be used.
  • Preferably, the insulator with the hologram contains a visual indicator when the hologram should be replaced. The visual indicator can be in the form of alternate guides or marks on the hologram.
  • The hologram material is chosen to effectively absorb or reflect the electromagnetic waves contributing to electrosmog, but still be optically transparent to the electromagnetic radiation carrying the signal between devices. This material is preferably chosen in accordance with the functional parameters of the given device. In a certain embodiment, the material of the hologram is advantageously chosen so that it transmits a mobile signal with a frequency of 2 GHz, but absorbs most of the other radiation in the area of radio frequency waves, i.e. in the area from 2 GHz - 30 GHz. The theoretical basis for choosing such a material, including examples, can be found, for example, in Hualiang Lv, Zhihong Yang, Hongge Pan, Renbing Wu, Electromagnetic absorption materials: Current progress and new frontiers, Progress in Materials Science, Volume 127, 2022, 100946, ISSN 0079-6425, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2022.100946 .
  • Homogeneous distribution
    • ▪ benzene at a concentration of less than 0.4 mg/kg;
    • ▪ bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in a concentration of less than 0.025 wt. %;
    • ▪ Lead in a concentration of less than 10 mg/kg;
    • ▪ Mercury in a concentration of 548 mg/kg;
    • ▪ Chromium in a concentration of less than 10 mg/kg; and
    • • Cadmium in a concentration of less than 5 mg/kg;
    it provides a technical effect of indicating the use of an insulator depending on the degree of exposure to electrosmog and also contributes to the isolation of electromagnetic waves contributing to electrosmog. A higher level of exposure to electrosmog causes a resin with a homogeneous distribution of elements as mentioned above to change its mechanical properties - e.g. harden, and also to change its optical properties in the visible light region, i.e. the visible light reflection is lower and the user can the resin appears cloudy. The loss of reflectivity in the visible light region can reach from 2 to 16 dB in the electrosmog region in the range of electromagnetic radiation from 2 GHz - 18 GHz. The larger insulator is used for laptops, while the smaller insulator is preferably used for mobile phones, etc.
  • The insulator according to the invention is not harmful to the environment in any way, and therefore it can be disposed of in the usual way.

Claims (9)

  1. An insulator against electrosmog removably connected to a source of electromagnetic radiation comprising:
    resin;
    hologram, wherein the hologram in embedded in the resin and wherein the hologram is made of material absorbing or reflecting electromagnetic radiation in a predetermined range; and wherein
    the resin comprises homogeneous distribution of particles selected from:
    • benzene at a concentration of less than 0.4 mg/kg;
    • bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in a concentration of less than 0.025 wt. %;
    • lead in a concentration of less than 10 mg/kg;
    • mercury in a concentration of 548 mg/kg;
    • chromium in a concentration of less than 10 mg/kg; and
    • cadmium in a concentration of less than 5 mg/kg; and wherein the insulator further comprises
    an adhesive layer for removable attachment to surface of the source of electromagnetic radiation, wherein the adhesive layer is placed on a side of the insulator; and wherein
    the insulator covers a part of the source emitting electromagnetic radiation.
  2. The insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive layer is suitable for sticking the insulator to a mobile phone, wireless radio telephone and their base stations, analogy and ISDN telephones, walkie-talkies, computers, baby monitors and WLAN devices.
  3. The insulator according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that, the insulator is oval in shape, wherein the cross-section of the insulator is an ellipse with the dimensions of the main axis 45 mm and the minor axis 22 mm, or 20 mm and 10 mm and a height of 2 mm.
  4. The insulator according to any one of the preceding claims further comprising a protective layer against damage to the adhesive layer until its first use, wherein the protective layer is placed on the adhesive layer.
  5. The insulator according to claim 4, characterized in that the protective layer is waxed paper.
  6. An assembly containing at least two insulators according to anyone of the preceding claims.
  7. The assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that it contains a first insulator and a second insulator, wherein the second insulator is smaller compared to the first insulator.
  8. Use of the insulator according to any of the claims 1 - 5 for the neutralization of harmful electromagnetic radiation in the area of radio waves emitted from mobile phones, wireless radio telephones and their base stations, analogy and ISDN telephones, walkie-talkies, computers, baby monitors and WLAN devices.
  9. Use of the insulator according to any of the claims 1 - 5 to neutralize harmful electromagnetic radiation emitted in an air conditioner, refrigerator, microwave oven, printer, washing machine.
EP22202549.6A 2022-10-19 2022-10-19 Insulator against electrosmog and its use Pending EP4358100A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22202549.6A EP4358100A1 (en) 2022-10-19 2022-10-19 Insulator against electrosmog and its use

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22202549.6A EP4358100A1 (en) 2022-10-19 2022-10-19 Insulator against electrosmog and its use

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4358100A1 true EP4358100A1 (en) 2024-04-24

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004075583A1 (en) 2003-02-24 2004-09-02 Swisscom Ag Reduction of electrosmog in wireless local networks
JP2005332919A (en) 2004-05-19 2005-12-02 Hattori Sangyo Kk Digital apparatus casing and its manufacturing method
US20100315105A1 (en) * 2009-06-12 2010-12-16 Fornes Timothy D Method for shielding a substrate from electromagnetic interference
US20170318713A1 (en) * 2016-04-29 2017-11-02 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd Shielding member and electronic device including the same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004075583A1 (en) 2003-02-24 2004-09-02 Swisscom Ag Reduction of electrosmog in wireless local networks
JP2005332919A (en) 2004-05-19 2005-12-02 Hattori Sangyo Kk Digital apparatus casing and its manufacturing method
US20100315105A1 (en) * 2009-06-12 2010-12-16 Fornes Timothy D Method for shielding a substrate from electromagnetic interference
US20170318713A1 (en) * 2016-04-29 2017-11-02 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd Shielding member and electronic device including the same

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
HUALIANG LVZHIHONG YANGHONGGE PANRENBING WU: "Electromagnetic absorption materials: Current progress and new frontiers", PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE, vol. 127, 2022, pages 100946, ISSN: 0079-6425, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://doi.Org/10.1016/i.pmatsci.2022.100946>

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