EP4241975A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verdichten von abfall und fahrzeug mit dieser vorrichtung - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verdichten von abfall und fahrzeug mit dieser vorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4241975A1
EP4241975A1 EP22382213.1A EP22382213A EP4241975A1 EP 4241975 A1 EP4241975 A1 EP 4241975A1 EP 22382213 A EP22382213 A EP 22382213A EP 4241975 A1 EP4241975 A1 EP 4241975A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waste
compacting
compression member
receptacle
volume
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22382213.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Albert PADULLES OMEDES
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Palvi SL
Original Assignee
Palvi SL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Palvi SL filed Critical Palvi SL
Priority to EP22382213.1A priority Critical patent/EP4241975A1/de
Publication of EP4241975A1 publication Critical patent/EP4241975A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3003—Details
    • B30B9/3007—Control arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3042—Containers provided with, or connectable to, compactor means
    • B30B9/3046—Containers with built-in compactor means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
    • B65F1/1405—Compressing means incorporated in, or specially adapted for, refuse receptacles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/14—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle
    • B65F3/143—Means facilitating the separation of the charging, distributing or compressing devices from the tank of refuse vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/168—Sensing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/182—Volume determining means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of methods and apparatuses for compacting waste.
  • the present invention also relates to a vehicle comprising an apparatus for compacting waste.
  • compacting waste to reduce its volume can be very advantageous for a number of reasons.
  • compacting waste reduces the space that is taken by it in containers, landfills, etc. and makes it easier to handle, as large volumes are more complex to handle than small ones.
  • compacting waste also reduces the frequency in which containers, either being on streets or on vehicles, such as trucks, need to be emptied.
  • compacting waste also poses difficulties that causes disadvantages, as for example, it is typically high energy consuming. Therefore, it is advantageous to provide a device for compacting waste that is more efficient, i.e., that use less energy to operate.
  • US 2020/0276781 A1 discloses a compacting system comprising a container having an open end, the container having at least one sensor for detecting a level of waste within the container, and a compactor apparatus aligned with the open end of the container, the compactor apparatus having a loading area for the loading of waste, and a ram, the ram being movable between a retracted position in which the ram is positioned rearward the loading area, and a compacting position in which the ram extends through the open end of the container and into the container to move the waste from the loading area into the container.
  • Said compacting system can further comprise a controller configured to receive information from the at least one sensor regarding a level of waste within the container, and to generate an alert or indication of the level of waste within the container.
  • Said at least one sensor can be implemented by a pressure sensor or a camera.
  • US 2020/0276781 A1 also discloses a method of compacting waste.
  • DE 9105772 U1 discloses a device for loading a bulk material collecting container, in particular a garbage truck collecting container, with a dumping chamber receiving the bulk material, a dumping device for dumping bulk material into the dumping chamber, in particular a tilting device for emptying containers such as refuse bins, a device for emptying the dumping chamber and for bringing the bulk material into the interior of the bulk material collecting container for example refuse bins, a device for clearing out the dumping chamber and for bringing the bulk material into the interior of the bulk material collecting container and with a control device for controlling the drive of said device for clearing out the dumping chamber, wherein the control device has a sensor unit which is mounted in the dumping chamber and measures the filling level of the bulk material, and activates the drive of the device for clearing out the dumping chamber only when the filling level of the bulk material measured by the sensor unit has exceeded a predetermined value.
  • EP 3483092 A1 discloses a garbage truck comprising a hopper for collecting refuse, a compactor for compacting refuse inside the hopper, machine vision means, and a control unit connected to the machine vision means and configured for monitoring an area of the interior of the hopper so as to determine a volume of refuse present inside the hopper for controlling the compactor depending on the volume of refuse present in the hopper.
  • the garbage truck disclosed therein reduces its energy consumption compared to traditional garbage trucks known in the art as its compactor is only operated when needed, i.e., when the volume of refuse meets certain conditions, for example, when exceeds a certain threshold.
  • EP 34883092 A1 also discloses a method for operating the aforementioned garbage truck.
  • the aforementioned devices from the prior art by the implementation of several embodiments and different strategies, can reduce the energy consumption of the device for compacting waste by operating their compression member for compacting waste only when there is a certain amount of waste to be compressed, thus avoiding performing compacting cycles with little amount of waste.
  • the step of determining a compacting cycle to be executed may comprise at least the steps of:
  • said predetermined threshold may be between 30 and 60% of the volume of the receptacle having a loading area for receiving waste.
  • said predetermined threshold is between 35 and 50% of the volume of said receptacle. More preferably, said predetermined threshold is 40% of the volume of said receptacle.
  • the step of determining the compacting cycle may further comprise the step of determining whether the sensed volume of waste exceeds a second predetermined threshold; and determining a third compacting cycle selected from the group of compacting cycles if the sensed volume of waste is greater, or equal or lower than said second predetermined threshold.
  • the first compacting cycle may comprise the steps of:
  • the intermediate position of the compression member may correspond to 60 - 85% of the stroke, i.e., travel, of said compression member.
  • the intermediate position of the compression member corresponds to 65 to 80% of the stroke of the compression member. More preferably, said intermediate position of the compression members corresponds to 75% of the stroke, i.e., travel, of said compression member.
  • the second compacting cycle comprises the steps of:
  • the intermediate position of the compression member may correspond to 50 - 70 % of the stroke of said compression member.
  • the intermediate position of the compression member corresponds to 55 - 65% of the stroke of said compression member. More preferably, the intermediate position of the compression member corresponds to 60% of the stroke of said compression member.
  • said predetermined threshold may depend on the type of waste, that is to say, the value of the predetermined threshold(s) may depend on whether the waste is organic waste, packaging waste, paper waste, glass waste, etc.
  • the method disclosed therefore comprises the definition and storage, for example in a memory of a computer unit or in a database accessible through the computer unit of several threshold values depending on the type of waste to be compacted.
  • an apparatus for compacting waste comprising:
  • said at least one sensor may comprise at least one of: an ultrasound sensor, a video camera, a laser or a LIDAR.
  • said at least one sensor comprises two ultrasound sensors, each one arranged on opposite corners of the receptacle having a loading area for receiving waste.
  • a vehicle comprising an apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention.
  • said vehicle may be a truck.
  • waste includes any kind of garbage, trash, litter, rubbish, etc. and any matter to be discarded or recycled, like glass, paper, cardboard, plastic, containers, etc.
  • references to geometric position such as parallel, perpendicular, tangent, etc. allow deviations up to ⁇ 5° from the theoretical position defined by this nomenclature.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a method for compacting waste according to the present invention.
  • a first step 1000 it is provided a receptacle 10 having a loading area 11 for receiving waste (see FIGS. 2 to 5 ).
  • the second step 2000 comprises the operation of performing at least a first loading of waste through said loading area 11 into the receptacle 10.
  • Waste can be loaded on said loading area 11 by using a loading unit 20 or manually by operators or users.
  • Said loading unit 20 can be a crane, a robotic arm or any other suitable mechanism for loading and unloading waste containers.
  • a compression member 30 for compacting waste on said receptacle 10 it is provided.
  • Said compression member 30 is configured to execute, following the instructions of a computer unit, a compacting cycle selected from a group of pre-defined compacting cycles, i.e., two or more compacting cycles, in which said compression member 30 is movable between a retracted position, an extended position and an intermediate position.
  • Compression members known in the art are typically movable only between a retracted position and a fully extended position.
  • a fourth step 4000 the volume of waste in the receptacle 11 is sensed with at least one sensor 40.
  • the distribution of said volume can also be sensed, as often the distribution of the waste in the receptacle 10 is not uniform and this could influence which is the optimal compacting cycle to be performed.
  • a most suitable compacting cycle is determined, generally by calculation or selection by means of a processor of a computer unit, based on the sensed volume of waste in the previous step 4000.
  • the sixth step 6000 comprises executing the previously determined compacting cycle with the compression member 30.
  • the aforementioned order of the steps can change in other embodiments.
  • the use of terms first, second, third, etc., steps should not be understood in a limitative way.
  • the step of providing a compression member 30 can be done before loading waste on the loading area 11 of the receptacle.
  • the step 2000 of loading waste on the loading area 11 must be done before the step 4000 of sensing the volume of waste on said loading area 11, as otherwise there is no waste to be sensed.
  • the step 5000 of determining a compacting cycle from a group of available compacting cycles needs to be performed.
  • the step 5000 of determining the optimal compacting cycle based on the sensed volume of wate can comprise the step of determining whether the sensed volume of waste exceeds a predetermined threshold; and determining a first compacting cycle selected from the group of compacting cycles if the sensed volume is equal or lower than said predetermined threshold or a second compacting cycle selected from the group of compacting cycles if the sensed volume of waste is greater than said predetermined threshold.
  • said threshold is 40% of the volume or capacity of the receptacle 10. However, in other embodiments said threshold may range, for example, between 30 to 60% of the volume of the receptacle 10.
  • a greater number of thresholds allows to finely tune the compacting cycles to a greater number of loads and situations of the container 10.
  • the values of the one or more predetermined threshold may vary depending on the kind of waste to be compacted.
  • the kind of waste may be sensed by the at least one sensor 40 or may be input by an operator of the apparatus 1 for compacting waste.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a first compacting cycle of the method for compacting waste shown in FIG. 1 .
  • step 4000 of the method for compacting waste of FIG. 1 wherein the volume of waste in the receptacle 10 is sensed by the at least one sensor 40.
  • the volume of waste is equal or lower than a predetermined threshold, and therefore, the first compacting cycle is determined.
  • the exemplary embodiment of the first compacting cycle depicted in FIG. 2 comprises the step 6100 of moving the compression member 30 to its extended position.
  • the compression member 30 moves to its extended position from its idle state, which usually corresponds to the retracted position.
  • said intermediate position corresponds to 75% of the stroke of the compression member 30, wherein 0% corresponds to the compression member 30 fully retracted and 100% corresponds to the compression member 30 being fully extended.
  • said intermediate position can range, for example, between 60 to 85% of the stroke of the compression member 30.
  • the depicted step 6300 illustrates the optional step of repeating one or more times the steps 6100 and 6200 until the desired compaction of the waste is achieved.
  • the compression member 30 is returned to its retracted position, waiting to begin a new compacting cycle, which may be the same or a different one, depending on the volume of waste sensed by the at least one sensor 40 in the step 4000.
  • Fig.3 schematically shows a second compacting cycle of the method for compacting waste shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 2 in the uppermost part of FIG. 3 it is depicted the step 4000 of the method for compacting waste shown in FIG. 1 wherein the volume of waste is sensed using at least one sensor 40.
  • the volume of waste exceeds the predetermined threshold and therefore it is determined in step 5000 that the second compacting cycle of the group of available compacting cycles is to be performed.
  • the first step 6110 of the second compacting cycle comprises moving the compression member 30 to an intermediate position.
  • the compression member 30 is returned to its retracted position.
  • step 6310 (not depicted) the steps 6110 and 6210 are repeated one or more times until the desired preliminary compaction is achieved.
  • the intermediate cycles of steps 6110 and 6210 perform a preliminary compression of the waste, so that later on, in step 6410, wherein the compression member 30 is moved to its extended position, the large volume of waste originally present in the receptacle 10 can be properly compressed.
  • the optional step 6510 can be performed, in which said compression member 30 is returned to its retracted position.
  • said intermediate position corresponds to 60% of the stroke of the compression member 30.
  • said intermediate position of the second compacting cycle can range, for example, between 50 to 70% of the stroke of the compression member 30.
  • the intermediate position in different compacting cycles may not be the same.
  • the intermediate position in the first compacting cycle corresponds to 75% of the stroke of the compression member 30, whereas in the second compacting cycle the intermediate position corresponds to 60% of the stroke of the compression member 30.
  • FIG. 4 shows an enlarged perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a vehicle according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a detail view of the vehicle shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the vehicle 100 comprises an apparatus 1 according to the present invention.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a receptacle 10 having a loading area 11 for receiving waste, a loading unit 20 for loading waste on said loading area 11, a compression member 30 (not shown, see for example, FIGS.
  • the loading unit 20 comprises a crane for handling waste containers.
  • the loading unit 20 can be a side loading unit or a back loading unit, for example.
  • the compression member 30 is a horizontal hydraulic press.
  • said compression member 30 can be for example, a vertical or a diagonal press.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown comprises one ultrasound sensor 40 centred on the receptacle 10 and oriented to the loading area 11.
  • Other embodiments can comprise two ultrasound sensors 40 arranged on opposite corners of the receptacle 10 in order to ensure that the whole volume of the receptacle 10, and in particular, of the loading area 11, can be monitored.
  • embodiments of the present invention comprise other kind of sensors 40, as for example a video camera, a LIDAR, a laser sensor, etc. More than one kind of sensors 40 can also be use even combined operationally in a single embodiment.
  • truck as a vehicle 100 comprising an apparatus 1
  • said vehicle can also be, for example, a train or a boat.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
EP22382213.1A 2022-03-08 2022-03-08 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verdichten von abfall und fahrzeug mit dieser vorrichtung Pending EP4241975A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22382213.1A EP4241975A1 (de) 2022-03-08 2022-03-08 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verdichten von abfall und fahrzeug mit dieser vorrichtung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22382213.1A EP4241975A1 (de) 2022-03-08 2022-03-08 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verdichten von abfall und fahrzeug mit dieser vorrichtung

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EP4241975A1 true EP4241975A1 (de) 2023-09-13

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9105772U1 (de) 1991-05-10 1991-09-12 Faun Umwelttechnik Gmbh, 8500 Nuernberg, De
EP1148991A1 (de) * 1998-10-16 2001-10-31 Compact Waste Systems Inc. Abfallpresse
WO2002062565A1 (en) * 2001-02-02 2002-08-15 Pmds, L.L.C. System and method for compacting and transporting scrap metal
US20190019167A1 (en) * 2016-07-13 2019-01-17 GreenQ Ltd. Device, system and method for the monitoring, control and optimization of a waste pickup service
EP3483092A1 (de) 2017-11-13 2019-05-15 Dennis Eagle Ltd. Abfall-lkw
US20200276781A1 (en) 2019-02-28 2020-09-03 Richard Arnold Compacting system and method
WO2021176137A1 (en) * 2020-03-06 2021-09-10 Kapasity Oy Electronic device, compacting device, waste management system and method for monitoring

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9105772U1 (de) 1991-05-10 1991-09-12 Faun Umwelttechnik Gmbh, 8500 Nuernberg, De
EP1148991A1 (de) * 1998-10-16 2001-10-31 Compact Waste Systems Inc. Abfallpresse
WO2002062565A1 (en) * 2001-02-02 2002-08-15 Pmds, L.L.C. System and method for compacting and transporting scrap metal
US20190019167A1 (en) * 2016-07-13 2019-01-17 GreenQ Ltd. Device, system and method for the monitoring, control and optimization of a waste pickup service
EP3483092A1 (de) 2017-11-13 2019-05-15 Dennis Eagle Ltd. Abfall-lkw
US20200276781A1 (en) 2019-02-28 2020-09-03 Richard Arnold Compacting system and method
WO2021176137A1 (en) * 2020-03-06 2021-09-10 Kapasity Oy Electronic device, compacting device, waste management system and method for monitoring

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