EP3962685A1

EP3962685A1 - Cutting tool with integrated lubrication

Info

Publication number: EP3962685A1
Application number: EP20720410.8A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Eric CHAILLET
Original assignee: Dixi Polytool Sa
Current assignee: Dixi Polytool Sa
Priority date: 2019-05-02
Filing date: 2020-04-16
Publication date: 2022-03-09
Also published as: WO2020221603A1; EP4230332A1; US20220212267A1; US11590581B2

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cutting tool (100, 200, 300, 400, 500) for machining mechanical parts, comprising a tool body (102) with a central axis (A) and a gripping diameter (D102), a tool head (103) adjacent to the tool body (102) in the direction of the central axis (A) and consisting of a spraying region (104) and a cutting portion (105) having a cutting diameter (D105) which is smaller than the gripping diameter (D102), the cutting tool (100) also comprising at least one lubrication duct (C102) which extends through the tool body (102) and which opens into a spraying hole (S104) located in the spraying region (104), with a directional spraying ring (106) that is provided for attachment to a ring connection region (102b) of the tool body (102), the ring connection region (102b) being adjacent to the spraying region (104). The directional spraying ring (106) is configured in such a way that it delimits, with at least one portion of the spraying region (104), a distribution space (107), and that the cross section of the distribution space (107) is reduced in the direction of the cutting portion (105).

Description

Integrated lubrication cutting tool

Technical field of the invention

The present invention relates to the field of tools for machine tools. The present invention relates in particular to the field of cutting tools for machine tools and more precisely to the field of cutting tools with integrated lubrication. The present invention relates in a first aspect more specifically to a cutting tool with integrated lubrication having a directional sprinkler ring allowing first to guide the lubricant as close as possible to the cutting part of the tool and

second, to increase the outlet speed of the lubricant. The present invention also relates in a second aspect to an integrated lubrication cutting tool having a plurality of lubrication channels extending into the tool body. State of the art

In the field of machining mechanical parts, it is customary to use cutting fluids or lubricants when machining parts by chip removal. These lubricants help to cool the tool, decrease the coefficient of friction, evacuate chips, improve surface finish, and increase tool life.

Lubricants can be routed near the cutting edges of tools in many ways. The most common method is to lead the lubricant through one or more hoses located around the cutting area. So, today, the majority of machine tools, machining processes and cutting tools use external coolant.

External watering has several drawbacks which become particularly troublesome in the case of small tools. First, external watering often results in a lack of lubrication and cooling which generates an increase in the cutting temperature in the friction zone between the cutting edge of tools, for example cutters, and the workpiece. This temperature increase decreases the mechanical properties of the tool material, for example tungsten carbide, and drastically reduces the tool life.

Secondly, an external coolant does not allow optimal chip evacuation, which often means that the cutting edges of the tools cut the same chips several times. This results in poor surface conditions, or even untimely tool breakage.

Third, very small tools, also called micro tools, are used in high rotation ranges from 20,000 to 80,000 revolutions per minute. At these rotational speeds, the lubricant emanating from an external coolant only partially reaches the cutting zone, it is pushed back by the ring of air rotating around the tool. It is also known from the prior art to use cutting tools with integrated lubrication which allow the routing of the lubricant to the cutting zone via a single lubrication channel arranged in the body of the tool. along the central axis of the tool. In these known tools, the single lubrication channel opens into lubrication outlets which are located at the ends of the tools or in the flutes thereof. The lubrication outlets are formed by drilling the surface of the tool so

orthogonal to the central axis of the tool. The orientation of the lubrication outlets thus produced causes the lubricant emanating from these outlets to tend to move away from the cutting edges of the tool which results in suboptimal lubrication. Moreover, at present, tools with integrated lubrication with outputs in the flutes are only known for cutting dimensions greater than 6 mm. Indeed, for tools of less than 6 mm, it is difficult to envisage placing the outlets of the lubrication channels at the end or in the flutes of the tool. For smaller dimensions, tools which include peripheral coolant in the form of straight lubrication channels parallel to the tool axis are known. In such tools, the outlet holes of the lubrication channels are placed in an intermediate part of the tool which is located between the body of the tool and the cutting part of the latter. Unfortunately, the solution of integrated lubrication with peripheral watering is not completely satisfactory. Indeed, the lubricant is not sufficiently directed towards the cutting part of the tool, which results in insufficient lubrication. As a result, the small-sized tools known from the prior art encounter many problems of wear and performance during machining operations such as grooving, pocket machining, reaming or even threading. interpolation.

However, small and very small tools are frequently used in the fabrication of components of most microsystems. There is therefore a need for a cutting tool with integrated lubrication which allows sufficient lubrication of the cutting edges of the tool. Summary of the invention

An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a cutting tool with integrated lubrication making it possible to overcome the limitations.

previously mentioned.

According to the invention, these objects are achieved through the subject matter of the two independent claims. More specific aspects of the present invention are set out in the dependent claims as well as in the description.

More specifically, an object of the invention is achieved, according to a first aspect of the present invention, by means of a cutting tool for machining mechanical parts, comprising a tool body with a central axis and a diameter. clamp, a tool head adjacent to the tool body in the direction of the central axis and composed of a coolant zone and a cutting part having a cutting diameter smaller than the clamping diameter, the tool cutting also comprising at least one lubrication channel which extends to through the tool body and which opens into a coolant hole located in the coolant zone, characterized in that the cutting tool comprises a directional coolant ring intended to be fixed to a ring connection area of the tool body, the ring connection area being adjacent to the coolant area, and in that the directional coolant ring is configured such that it delimits with at least part of the area of the tool body. watering a distribution space and in that the section of the distribution space is reduced towards the cutting part.

With a cutting tool according to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to optimally direct the lubricant in the direction of the cutting part of the tool and to achieve perfect lubrication of the cutting edges of the tool by the flutes. In addition, at constant lubricant flow, thanks to the directional sprinkler ring and based on the principle of the Venturi effect, the lubricant outlet speed is increased. The increased lubricant speed promotes continuous, efficient and repetitive chip evacuation from the cutting area. The problem of cutting back stuck chips creating poor surface conditions, common with external lubrication processes, is eliminated. On the other hand, the lubricant also reduces the formation of built-up edges and contributes to a better surface condition of the part produced. In general, the life of the cutting tool is increased.

The advantage of this new watering principle is considerable since small tools are widely used in the manufacture of components of most microsystems. Today, the general miniaturization of many mechanisms and devices in industrial sectors such as medical, watchmaking, electronics, automobiles, aerospace are directly concerned by these micro-machining issues.

Another advantage is to allow reliable and repetitive machining with tools of dimensions less than 0.30 mm in very difficult machinable materials such as titanium, high temperature alloys, carbon fibers, etc.

The object of the present invention brings new perspectives to high rotational speed machining. It makes it possible to use the latest generations of machine tools with very high rotation spindles equipped with internal air and oil micro spraying and the first carbon dioxide cooling and cooling systems.

In a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, the directional sprinkler ring partially covers the cutting portion. This makes it possible to direct and accelerate the lubricant even more effectively towards the end of the cutting part of the tool.

In a following preferred embodiment, the tool body comprises 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 or 10 lubrication channels. This increases the flow of lubricant and improves the lubrication of the cutting part. In another preferred embodiment, the lubrication channels extend through the tool body parallel to the central axis. Such an embodiment allows the lubrication channels to be produced in a particularly simple manner.

In a following preferred embodiment, the lubrication channels extend through the tool body in a spiral around the central axis.

In a following preferred embodiment, the directional sprinkler ring is removable. This allows the directional coolant ring to be exchanged if it is damaged or if another ring with a different shape is more suitable for the specific use of the cutting tool.

In another preferred embodiment, the tool head is a two-size, face-cut and cut-to-diameter milling head having one to ten sharp teeth.

In another preferred embodiment, the tool head is a whirler or a thread mill.

In another preferred embodiment, the tool head is a drill bit. The technical advantage is that it prevents long chips from winding up on the body of the drills, forcing operators to stop the machining process.

In another preferred embodiment, the tool head is a reamer. The technical advantages are to lubricate the cutting area but also to prevent long chips from winding up on the body of the reamers. In another preferred embodiment, the cutting diameter is smaller than 6mm, preferably smaller than 5mm, even more preferably smaller than 4mm. This allows high precision machined parts to be produced.

In another preferred embodiment, the tool head and the tool body are made of tungsten carbide.

In another preferred embodiment, the directional sprinkler ring is made of tungsten carbide, metal or synthetic material.

According to a second aspect, the objects of the present invention are achieved by means of a cutting tool for machining mechanical parts, comprising a tool body with a central axis and a clamping diameter, a tool head adjacent to the tool body. tool body in the direction of the central axis and composed of an intermediate zone and a cutting part having a cutting diameter smaller than the clamping diameter, the intermediate zone being positioned between the tool body and the cutting part and having a substantially truncated cone shape, characterized in that, the cutting tool comprises at least a first lubricating channel and a second lubricating channel which extend through the tool body, the first lubricating channel opening into a first coolant hole and the second lubrication channel opening into a second watering hole, the first watering hole and the second watering hole being located in the cutting part.

With such a tool, it is possible to ensure optimum lubrication even for small or very small cutting tools. The fact that the tool has at least two lubrication channels helps ensure that the lubricant reaches the cutting area even if one of the lubrication channels is clogged.

According to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first sprinkling hole and the second sprinkling hole are located inside the specific grooves provided at the bottom of the flutes of the cutting part. The fact that the coolant holes are in the flutes helps ensure that the lubricant reaches the edges of the cutting part optimally. This is particularly advantageous for cutting tools whose cutting part is a milling head.

In a following preferred embodiment, the first sprinkle hole and the second sprinkle hole are in the front cut faces of the cutting portion. In this way, lubricant is delivered directly to the end of the cutting tool and closer to the edges of the front cutting face. This is particularly advantageous when the cutting part of the cutting tool is a punch. In another preferred embodiment, the first coolant hole is located near a cutting face at the diameter of the cutting part and the second coolant hole is near another cut face at the diameter of the cutting part. cutting part. With this embodiment, lubricant is supplied both to the end of the cutting part and to the cutting edges of the diameter cut. This is particularly advantageous for tools which are used in drilling mode but also in milling mode.

In another preferred embodiment, the first lubrication channel and the second lubrication channel extend through the tool body substantially parallel to the central axis. Thanks to the orientation of the lubrication channels parallel to the central axis, the cutting tool according to the present invention is particularly easy to achieve.

In a following preferred embodiment, the first lubrication channel and the second lubrication channel extend through the tool body in a spiral around the central axis. The spiral orientation of the lubrication channels is particularly advantageous as it allows the lubricant as it exits the lubrication channels to be directed onto and along the cutting part of the tool and thus prevents the lubricant from escaping. moves away from the cutting part. In addition, the spiral orientation helps ensure that the lubricant comes out of the coolant holes with sufficient speed to provide both lubrication and optimum chip removal.

In another preferred embodiment, the helicity of the spiral of the first lubrication channel around the central axis and of the spiral of the second lubrication channel around the central axis is the same as the helicity of the flutes of the cutting part. This makes it possible to provide the lubrication channels oriented in the same way as the flutes of the cutting part. This is advantageous because the lubricant can thus be supplied to the flutes optimally.

In another preferred embodiment, the pitch of the spiral of the first lubricating channel around the central axis and of the spiral of the second lubricating channel around the central axis is the same as the pitch of the flutes of the part. cutting. This helps to ensure even more that the lubricant is directed inside the flutes which allows for optimal lubrication of the cutting tool.

In a following preferred embodiment, the first lubrication channel and the second lubrication channel are oriented such that directly before opening into the first spray hole, respectively in the second spray hole, the spirals of lubrication channels are superimposed on the spirals of the flutes of the cutting part. This is to ensure that the lubricant is directed into the flutes and that the vector component of the lubricant speed matches the direction of the flutes. It is thus possible to reach the maximum speed of the lubricant in the flutes.

In a following preferred embodiment, the tool body includes a cutting portion flute lubrication channel. Likewise, each flute is supplied with lubricant and the cutting part is optimally lubricated.

In another preferred embodiment, the tool head is a milling head or a boring head.

In a following preferred embodiment, the cutting diameter is smaller than 6mm, preferably smaller than 5mm, even more preferably smaller than 4mm.

In a following preferred embodiment, the tool head and the tool body are made of tungsten carbide.

Brief description of the drawings

The peculiarities and advantages of the present invention will appear in more detail in the context of the description which follows with exemplary embodiments given by way of illustration and not by way of limitation with reference to the appended drawings which represent:

^■ 1a shows a perspective view of an integrated lubrication cutter known from the prior art; FIG. 1b shows a front view of a cutting tool with integrated lubrication known from the prior art;

^■ Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a cutting tool according to a first embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention;

Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a cutting tool according to a first embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention in which the directional sprinkler ring has been separated from the tool body;

^■ Figure 4a shows a detailed front view and partial section of a cutting tool according to a first embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention;

^■ Figure 4b shows a detailed front view and partial section of a cutting tool according to a first embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention wherein the flow of lubricant is shown schematically;

^■ Figure 5a shows a first perspective view of a directional sprinkler ring;

^■ Figure 5b shows a second perspective view of a directional sprinkler ring;

^■ Figure 5c shows a front view in section of a directional sprinkler ring;

^■ Figure 5d shows a rear view of a directional sprinkler ring;

^■ Figure 6a shows a perspective view of a cutting tool according to a second embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention;

^■ Figure 6b shows a perspective view of a cutting tool according to a third embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention;

^■ Figure 6c shows a perspective view of a cutting tool according to a fourth embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention; ^■ Figure 6d shows a perspective view of a cutting tool according to a fifth embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention;

^■ Figure 7a shows a rear view of a tool according to the first aspect of the present invention comprising four channels of lubrication;

^■ Figure 7b shows a rear view of a tool according to the first aspect of the present invention comprising six channels of lubrication with a circular inlet section;

^■ Figure 7c shows a rear view of a tool according to the first aspect of the present invention comprising elongate inlet section channels;

^■ Figure 7d shows a view from behind of a tool according to the first aspect of the present invention comprising curved oblong channel input section;

^■ Figure 8a shows a perspective view of an integrated lubrication cutting tool according to a first embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention;

^■ Figure 8b shows a detail view of the cutting portion of the cutting tool according to the first embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention;

^■ Figure 9a shows a perspective view of an integrated lubrication cutting tool according to a second aspect of the second embodiment of the present invention;

^■ Figure 9b shows a detail view of the cutting portion of the cutting tool according to the second embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention; ^■ Figure 10a shows a perspective view of an integrated lubrication cutting tool according to a third embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention; and

^■ Figure 10b shows a detailed view of the cutting portion of the cutting tool according to the third embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention.

detailed description

Figures 1a and 1b show a milling tool 1 with integrated lubrication known from the prior art. The milling tool 1 comprises a tool body 2, a cutting part 3 and between the tool body 2 and the cutting part 3 an intermediate part 4. The integrated lubrication is guaranteed via the lubrication channels C which end with lubrication outlets S. As can be seen, in figures 1a and 1b, the lubrication outlets S are placed before the cutting part 3. Although these tools improve the lubrication of the cutting part 3 compared to external sprinkling, the lubricant leaving the lubrication outlets S is only partially directed towards the edges 6 of the cutting part 3. The effect of the lubricant is therefore only partial and insufficient.

Figures 2 and 3 show a cutting tool 100 with integrated lubrication according to a first embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention. Figure 2 shows the tool 100 in its "assembled" and ready-to-use configuration. Figure 3 shows the tool 100 in its "disassembled" configuration. As can be understood from Figs. 2 and 3, the cutting tool 100 with integrated lubrication has a tool body 102, composed of a clamping part 102a with a clamping diameter D102 and an area of ring connection 102b on which is fixed the directional coolant ring 106. The tool body 102 includes C102 lubrication channels which extend through the tool body 102,

advantageously parallel to or in a spiral around the central axis A, and which open into the watering holes S104. The coolant holes S104 are located in the coolant zone 104 of the tool head 103. The tool head comprises adjacent to the watering zone a cutting part 105 with cutting edges 108 which allow the machining of a mechanical part.

As can be understood from Figure 3, the directional coolant ring 106 is designed in such a way that it can be mounted and removed from the tool body 102.

The utility of the directional coolant ring 106 will now be illustrated by Figures 4a and 4b which show detailed views of the cutting tool 100 in the region of the tool head 103. In these figures, the ring directional sprinkler 106 is shown in section to show the holes of the S104 sprinkler. The directional sprinkler ring 106 consists of two parts, a cylindrical part 106a and a conical part 106b. The cylindrical part has an internal diameter D106a which corresponds to the diameter D102b of the ring connection area 102b of the tool body 102. In this way, the cylindrical part 106a and the ring connection area 102b form a substantially sealed connection. which ensures that the lubricant emanating from the S104 sprinkler outlets can only

with difficulty escaping in the direction of the tool body 102. The lubricant is thus directed in the direction of the cutting part 105. In addition, as can be seen in Figures 4a and 4b, the conical part 106b of the ring of directional sprinkler 106 is designed in such a way that it delimits with the sprinkler zone 104 a distribution space 107. Due to the conical shapes of the sprinkler zone 104 and of the conical part 106b of the directional sprinkler ring 106 , the cross section of the distribution space 107 is reduced in the direction of the cutting part 105. At a constant lubricant flow rate, the lubricant is, due to the Venturi effect, accelerated in the distribution space 107 in the direction of the cutting part 105.

Thus, when using the tool 100, the lubricant passes through the tool in two stages. First, it passes through the channels C102 of the tool body 102 and ends in the coolant holes S104. Then, it passes through the distribution space 107 between the directional sprinkling ring 106 and the sprinkling zone 104 to then emerge at the end of the directional sprinkling ring 106 inside the flutes and as closely as possible. cutting edges 108 of the tool, as shown schematically by the arrows in FIG. 4b. Thanks to the watering ring directional 106, it is therefore possible to achieve lubrication directly on the cutting edges 108 of the tool through the flutes. The preferably circular shape of the outlet of the directional coolant ring 106 creates a complete lubrication ring making it possible to reach all of the cutting edges 108 of the tool as close as possible to the active part and at the same time. In addition, at a constant lubricant flow rate, thanks to the directional sprinkling ring 107 and on the basis of the principle of the Venturi effect, the output speed of the lubricant is increased. The increased lubricant speed promotes continuous, efficient and repetitive evacuation of the cutting area. The problem of cutting back stuck chips creating poor surface conditions, common with external lubrication processes, is eliminated. On the other hand, the lubricant also reduces the formation of built-up edges and contributes to a better surface condition of the part produced. In general, the life of the cutting tool 100 is increased. Figures 5a to 5d show different views of a directional coolant ring 106. It is important to note that the dimensions and exact shape of the directional ring 106 can be matched to the specific tool body 102 on which this ring is to. to be fixed and to the use of the cutting tool 100. For example, the diameter D106a is chosen so that it corresponds to the diameter D102b of the ring connection zone 102b. More importantly, the length L106, the outlet diameter D106b as well as the opening angle a of the conical portion 160b of the ring 106 can be adapted to the shape and type of the tool head 103 as well as ^' to the use of the tool 100. An advantage of the tool 100 according to the present invention therefore lies in the fact that the directional ring 106 can be, as illustrated in FIG. 3, exchanged to satisfy the use. of tool 100.

In addition, the present invention is not limited to tools comprising a tool head 103 in the form of a milling head as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, but it relates to any type of cutting tool. Figure 6a illustrates a cutting tool 200 according to a second embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, in which the cutting head 203 of the tool 200 comprises a two-size, three-toothed milling cutter with a cylindrical portion at the end. 'back. Figure 6b shows a cutting tool 300 according to a third embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention in which the cutting head 303 is a reamer for through holes. Figure 6c shows a cutting tool 400 according to a fourth embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention in which the cutting head 403 is a deep drill bit. Fig. 6d shows a cutting tool 500 according to a fifth embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention in which the cutting head 503 is a vortex. In all of these embodiments, the directional sprinkler ring 106 achieves improved lubrication over similar tools which would not include such a ring.

In order to achieve the lubricating effect desired for the specific application in which the tools 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 are used, the shape and number of the lubrication channels C102 may be different. Figure 7a shows a tool according to the first aspect of the present invention comprising four lubrication channels C102 with a circular inlet section. FIG. 7b illustrates a tool comprising six lubrication channels C102 with a circular inlet section. FIG. 7c shows a tool having lubrication channels C102 with an oblong entry section. FIG. 7d shows a tool having lubrication channels C102 with a curved oblong entry section. Of course, a person skilled in the art will readily understand that other shapes of inlet sections as well as a different number of lubrication channels C102 are possible within the scope of the present invention. It is of course also possible to combine lubrication channels having inlet sections of different shapes. In Figures 7a to 7d the inlet sections of the lubrication channels C102 are placed equidistant from the central axis A and are distributed around the central axis A. A person skilled in the art will obviously understand that in the context of the present invention another distribution of the inlet sections of the lubrication channels C102 is quite possible. In addition, as mentioned above, the lubrication channels C102 extend through the tool body 102 preferably parallel to the central axis A or in a spiral around this axis. Of course, the channels C102 can extend in a different way through the tool body 102. FIG. 8a shows a cutting tool 600 with integrated lubrication according to a first embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention. The cutting tool 600 has a tool body 601 with a clamping diameter D601 as well as a tool head 602. The tool head 602 has a cutting part 604, with a cutting diameter D604, which is connected to the tool body 601 by an intermediate part 603. As can be seen, the intermediate part 603 has essentially the shape of a truncated cone which makes it possible to reduce the diameter of the tool in the direction of the cutting part 604 of the clamping diameter D601 to cutting diameter D604. The tool further includes a first C601a lubrication channel, a second C601b lubrication channel and a third

lubrication C601 c which extend through the tool body 601 into the tool head 602. The first lubrication channel C601 a opens into a first coolant hole S604a, the second lubrication channel C601 b into a second watering hole S604b and the third lubrication channel C601 c in a third watering hole S604c.

As can be seen in figure 8a, in this embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, the lubrication channels C601 a, C601 b, C601 c extend in a spiral around the central axis A of the body d 'tool. Advantageously, the helicity of this spiral corresponds to the helicity of the flutes 605 of the cutting part 604. In addition, it is advantageous if the pitch of the spiral corresponds to the pitch of the spiral formed by the flutes 605.

As illustrated in Figure 8b, which is a detail view of the cutting portion 604 of the tool 600 shown in Figure 8a, the coolant holes S604a, S604b, S604c each lie within a groove. specific 608 provided at the bottom of the flutes 605 of the cutting part 604. The helicity, the pitch as well as the diameter of the spiral of the lubrication channels are advantageously chosen so that the flutes 105 represent the extension of the lubrication channels C601a, C601 b, C601 c. This is particularly advantageous, since the cross section of the coolant holes S601 a, S601 b, S601 c are thus oriented such that the lubricant coming out of these holes is optimally directed in the flutes 605 and along the cutting edges 607. Advantageously, the coolant holes are placed in the flutes as close as possible to the intermediate part 603. This ensures optimal lubrication along of the entire cutting part 604. This is particularly favorable when the cutting tool is a milling head.

Figures 9a and 9b show a cutting tool 700 with integrated lubrication according to a second embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention. Tool 700 is similar to tool 600 except for the position of coolant holes S604a, S604b, S604c which are, in this second embodiment, located in the front cutting faces 606 of the cutting part 604. In the tool 700, the helicity, the pitch as well as the diameter of the spiral of the lubrication channels are advantageously chosen such that the lubrication channels C601 a, C601 b, C601 c open perpendicularly to the front cutting faces 606 , as shown in Figure 9b. The lubricant is thus directed out of the sprinkler holes in the most advantageous direction. In fact, the lubricant is thus directed in the direction of the cutting edges of the opposite frontal cutting faces, which allows optimum lubrication of these cutting edges during surfacing operations as well as for deep pocket machining. Figures 10a and 10b show a cutting tool 800 with integrated lubrication according to a third embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention. Unlike tools 600 and 700, tool 800 includes C601a, C601b, C601 c lubrication channels which extend into tool body 601 essentially parallel to the central axis A. The distance between the central axis A and the lubrication channels is advantageously chosen such that the coolant holes S604a, S604b, S604c are located between the diameter cut and the frontal cut. More particularly, the first coolant hole S604a is located near a cutting face with the diameter of the cutting part 604 and the second coolant hole S604b is located near another cutting face with the diameter of the cutting part. 604.

This is particularly advantageous because the cutting edges of the front cut and the cutting edges of the diameter cut are lubricated. this is particularly advantageous for tools which are used both in drilling and milling mode. In addition, the fact of providing the lubrication channels parallel to the central axis makes it possible to provide tools the manufacture of which is easier compared to the tools 600 and 700 but still allowing sufficient lubrication.

It is important to note that in the tools 600, 700, 800 according to the second aspect of the present invention, the inlets of the channels on the rear face of the tool body may for example take the forms illustrated in Figures 7a to 7d. The inlets of the channels can in particular have a circular, oblong or curved oblong shape. In addition, the number of channels provided through the tool body may be different from three. A six-channel embodiment as illustrated in Fig. 7b is also possible in the second aspect of the present invention.

It is obvious that the present invention is subject to many variations as to its implementation. Although a non-limiting embodiment has been described by way of example, it will be understood that it is not conceivable to identify exhaustively all the possible variations. It is of course conceivable to replace a means described by an equivalent means without departing from the scope of the present invention. All of these

modifications are common knowledge of a person skilled in the art of cutting tools. In particular, a person skilled in the art will understand that details described in the context of the first aspect of the present invention can also be provided in a tool according to the second aspect of the present invention and vice versa.

Claims

1. Cutting tool (100, 200, 300, 400, 500) for machining mechanical parts, comprising a tool body (102) with a central axis (A) and a clamping diameter (D102), a tool head (103) adjacent to the tool body (102) towards the central axis (A) and composed of a coolant zone (104) and a cutting part (105) having a diameter cutting (D105) smaller than the clamping diameter (D102), the cutting tool (100) also comprising at least one lubrication channel (C102) which extends through the tool body (102) and which opens out in a coolant hole (S104) located in the coolant zone (104), characterized in that the cutting tool (100, 200, 300, 400, 500) comprises a directional coolant ring (106) provided to attach to a ring connection area (102b) of the tool body (102), the ring connection area (102b) being adjacent to the coolant area (104), and in that the ring directional sprinkler (106) is configured such that it deli moth with at least part of the watering area (104) a distribution space (107) and in that the section of the distribution space (107) is reduced towards the cutting part (105).

2. A cutting tool (100, 200, 300, 400, 500) according to claim 1, wherein the directional sprinkler ring (106) partially covers the cutting part (105)

3. Cutting tool (100, 200, 300, 400, 500) according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the tool body comprises 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 or 10 lubrication channels (C102 ).

4. Cutting tool (100, 200, 300, 400, 500) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the lubrication channels (C102) extend through the tool body (102) parallel to the central axis. (AT).

5. Cutting tool (100, 200, 300, 400, 500) according to one of the claims 1 to 3, wherein the lubrication channels (C102) extend through the tool body (102) in a spiral around the central axis (A).

6. Cutting tool (100, 200, 300, 400, 500) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the directional sprinkler ring (106) is removable.

The cutting tool (100, 200, 300, 400, 500) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tool head (103) is a two-size milling head, a front cut and diameter cut having large. one to ten sharp teeth.

8. Cutting tool (100, 200, 300, 400, 500) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tool head (103) is a

whirlpool. a thread mill, a drill, or a reamer.

9. Cutting tool (100, 200, 300, 400, 500) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cutting diameter (D105) is smaller than 6mm, preferably smaller than 5mm, even more.

advantageously smaller than 4mm.

10. A cutting tool (100, 200, 300, 400, 500) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tool head (103) and the tool body (102) are made of tungsten carbide.

11. Cutting tool (100, 200, 300, 400, 500) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the directional sprinkler ring (106) is made of tungsten carbide, metal or synthetic material.

The cutting tool (100, 200, 300, 400, 500) according to the preceding claims, wherein the directional ring (106) is fixed to the tool body (102) by an interference fit, by a thread, by a tight fit with punching or gluing.

13. Cutting tool (600, 700, 800) for machining parts mechanical, comprising a tool body (601) with a central axis (A) and a clamping diameter (D601), a tool head (602) adjacent to the tool body (601) in the direction of the axis central (A) and composed of an intermediate zone (603) and a cutting part (604) having a cutting diameter (D604) smaller than the clamping diameter (D601), the intermediate zone (603) being positioned between the tool body (601) and the cutting part (604) and having a shape essentially of a truncated cone, characterized in that the cutting tool (600, 700, 800) comprises at least a first lubrication channel (C601 a ) and a second lubrication channel (C601 b) which extend through the tool body (601), the first lubrication channel (C601 a) opening into a first coolant hole (S604a) and the second channel (C601b) opening into a second coolant hole (S604b), the first coolant hole (S604a) and the second coolant hole (S604b) being located in s the cutting part (604).

14. A cutting tool (600) according to claim 13, wherein the first coolant hole (S604a) and the second coolant hole (S604b) are located within specific grooves (608) provided at the bottom of the. flutes (605) of the cutting part (604).

15. The cutting tool (700) of claim 13, wherein the first coolant hole (S604a) and the second coolant hole (S604b) are located in the front cutting faces (606) of the cutting part ( 604).

16. The cutting tool (800) of claim 13, wherein the first coolant hole (S604a) is located near a diameter cutting face of the cutting portion (604) and the second coolant hole ( S604b) is close to another cutting face at the diameter of the cutting part (604).

17. Cutting tool (600, 700, 800) according to one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the first lubricating channel (C601 a) and the second lubricating channel (C601 b) extend through the body. tool (601) essentially parallel to the central axis (A).

18. Cutting tool (600, 700, 800) according to one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the first lubricating channel (C601 a) and the second lubricating channel (C601 b) extend through the body. tool (601) spiraling around the central axis (A).

19. The cutting tool (600, 700) of claim 18, wherein the helicity of the spiral of the first lubrication channel (C601 a) around the central axis (A) and the spiral of the second lubrication channel (C601 b) around the central axis (A) is the same as the helicity of the flutes (605) of the cutting part (604).

20. A cutting tool (600, 700) according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the pitch of the spiral of the first lubrication channel (C601 a) around the central axis (A) and the spiral of the second channel of lubrication (C601 b) around the central axis (A) is the same as the pitch of the flutes (605) of the cutting part (604).

21. Cutting tool (600, 700) according to one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the first lubrication channel (C601 a) and the second lubrication channel (C601 b) are oriented such that directly before opening. in the first coolant hole (S604a), respectively in the second coolant hole (S604b), the spirals of the lubrication channels (C601 a, C601 b) are superimposed on the spirals of the flutes (605) of the cutting part ( 604).

22. Cutting tool (600, 700, 800) according to one of claims 13 to 21, wherein the tool body (601) comprises a lubrication channel (C601 a, C601 b) by flutes (605) of the cutting part (604).

23. Cutting tool (600, 700, 800) according to one of claims 13 to 22, wherein the tool head (602) is a milling head or a boring head.

24. Cutting tool (600, 700, 800) according to one of claims 13 to 23, wherein the cutting diameter (D604) is smaller than 6 mm, preferably smaller than 5 mm, even more preferably smaller. than 4 mm.

25. A cutting tool (600, 700, 800) according to one of claims 13 to 24, wherein the tool head (602) and the tool body (601) are made of tungsten carbide.