EP3953208A1

EP3953208A1 - Device and method for providing electrical energy to a charging station

Info

Publication number: EP3953208A1
Application number: EP20701444.0A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Ingo Kledewski
Original assignee: Innogy SE
Current assignee: CCS Abwicklungs AG
Priority date: 2019-02-20
Filing date: 2020-01-21
Publication date: 2022-02-16
Also published as: WO2020169290A1; DE102019104241A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for operating a charging station (120) comprising a grid-side charging station connection, a charging station (120), and a control system (122) situated on the charging station (120), characterized in that the control system (122) sets a power flow between the charging station (120) and the charging station connection (121) depending on an external control signal, with the control signal being dependent on a measured value which is acquired by a grid-side supply network connection (150) which is spatially separated from the charging station connection (120).

Description

Device and a method for providing electrical energy at a charging station

The subject matter relates to a device and a method for providing electrical energy at a charging station.

Private as well as commercial operators of photovoltaic systems are currently feeding large parts of the electricity they produce into the energy supply network. The operators (participants) receive so-called feed-in fees for this. The level of the feed-in fees has fallen rapidly in recent years, so that for the operators of the photovoltaic systems, self-consumption is becoming more and more economically interesting. Nowadays, the feed-in remuneration is lower than the cost of drawing electrical energy from the power supply network. At

Feed-in fees of approx. 12 ct / kWh and costs of approx. 30 ct / kWh result in a margin of 18 ct / kWh for self-consumption of the self-produced electricity from the photovoltaic system.

In the following, the terms current flow and energy flow can be used synonymously. In particular, the direction of current flow is understood to mean the direction of energy flow, even if these terms are physically differentiated when considering alternating currents in a temporal resolution. In calculation formulas, a freely definable current or energy flow direction is marked with positive values and the opposite flow direction with negative values. If the current direction of energy flow or direction of current or energy or current is used, these terms can generally be used interchangeably.

DE 10 2012 210284 A1 discloses a system with a photovoltaic system, an electric vehicle and charging stations, with excess energy being fed back into a power grid. The task is to make the energy fed into a supply network by a user usable for an electric vehicle.

This object is achieved by a system according to claim 1.

An objective system includes, in particular, a

A public or semi-public charging station (charging station) connected to the power supply network, hereinafter referred to as a public charging station, can be set up to charge electric vehicles. A large number of charging stations can be connected to the power supply network The public charging station can also be operated privately and is then used in the sense of the object by a participant who is not the operator of this charging station or who is not the operator of this charging station

The charging station is not in the subscriber's house distribution network, but is physically away from it and connected to the supply network.

For example, when the user has driven to work, the user charges their electric vehicle at the public charging station near their employer. The user can also, for example, go shopping and be there

Charge your electric vehicle at a public charging station.

If there is talk of a power and / or energy drawn from the public or domestic charging station, this can be understood to mean the power and / or energy drawn from an electric vehicle that is connected to the charging station.

The public charging station can be connected to the supply network via a

Be connected to the charging station connection and designed to be a

Charging electric vehicle. A control device can be provided in the area of the public charging station, in particular in or on the public charging station. The The control device can be implemented by the public charging station. The public charging station and / or the control device comprises at least one first communication interface. The first communication interface can communicate with a first counting device and / or the control device and / or a backend which is designed to control and monitor a large number of charging stations. The first communication interface is

for example a LAN, WLAN, Bluetooth, ZigBee, EnOcean, KNX interface.

The public charging station is connected to the

Power supply network, especially in the area of low voltage or medium voltage connected.

Between the charging station and the charging station connection, the charging station

assigned, the first counting device can be arranged which measures an electrical energy transmitted between the charging station and the charging station connection or a power flow between the charging station and the charging station connection. The counting device can be arranged in or on the charging station.

The first counting device can be a functional part of the control device. The first counting device can be part of the public charging station. The control device, the first counting device and / or the public charging station can be spatially separated or arranged together or in groups in a housing.

It is proposed that depending on an external control signal, the

Control device a power flow between the charging station and the

Sets the charging station connection, the control signal being dependent on a measured value that is recorded at a network-side supply network connection that is spatially separated from the charging station connection.

At such a network-side supply network connection, a

Be connected to the generation plant that is operated by a participant. The term generating plant can be understood not only as a photovoltaic plant, but also for other generating plants for generating electrical energy, for example wind power plants, biomass plants, CHP plants or the like. The aim of all systems is to use the electricity they produce themselves as independently as possible.

When the term produced electricity is mentioned below, this refers to the electricity flowing due to the generation / conversion of electrical energy from other energy sources such as sunlight, combined heat and power, wind power, biomass or the like. If subsequently from

Energy generation / power generation is the question, so herewith is the

Generation / conversion of electrical energy / power from other energy sources, such as sunlight, combined heat and power, wind power, biomass or the like. When we talk about green electricity in the following, we mean the electricity produced in-house by the generation plant. When the term gray current is used below, this refers to the current drawn from the power supply network or current mixed with this current. The electricity from the distribution network comes partly from renewable sources. Since, however, according to the generation mix, it also includes gray current components from z. B. contains fossil power plants, it is called gray current.

The generating plant is connected to a supply network

Power supply network, especially in the area of low voltage or medium voltage, in particular an AC voltage network connected.

A house distribution network can be provided between the generating plant and the supply network connection. The generating plant can be connected to the house distribution network and / or the supply network connection via a converter, in particular an inverter, for example an AC / AC converter or a DC / AC converter. Between the network-side supply network connection and a house-side house distribution network connection connected to the supply network connection a second counter is arranged, which one between the

House distribution network connection and the supply network connection transmitted electrical energy or a power flow between the house distribution network connection and the supply network connection.

This second counter can be understood as a household counter. According to one exemplary embodiment, it is proposed that the second counting device be designed as an SLP or RLM counter. An SLP meter is a standard load profile meter and an RLM meter is a recording performance measurement meter. A temporal resolution of the power flow cannot be determined retrospectively on an SLP meter, only an amount of energy can be determined. With an RLM meter, on the other hand, the average power and the energy can be recorded for an observation period, for example a quarter of an hour. An RLM meter thus offers a temporal resolution of the power flow, which can be used for a later balancing with counter values of power flows at a participant.

However, it is also possible for the second counting device to be set up as a measuring system, in particular as an intelligent measuring system. Such a measuring system has a measuring sensor, for example a smart meter, with which power and power flow directions can be determined. A measurement gateway can be connected to the smart meter. At least two

Counting registers can be formed which can be addressed separately depending on the direction of power flow measured by the measuring system. This

Counting registers offer a temporal resolution of the power flows, at least in an observation period, for example a quarter of an hour, which can also be used for balancing.

The first counting device can be formed in accordance with the second counting device. The second counting device can detect the amounts of energy / electrical power that is fed into the house distribution network and / or fed back from the house distribution network into the supply network.

A feed and feedback unit can be provided in the area of the house distribution network. The feed and feedback unit can be formed as part of the converter. The feed and feedback unit can also be formed as part of the second counting device. The feed and feedback unit can also be formed as part of a domestic charging station connected to the house distribution network. The feed and feedback unit can each be formed by one of the named devices themselves. The second counting device can also be spatially integrated into the feed and feedback unit. The second counting device and the feed and feedback unit can each individually or together be functional parts of a setting device or form the setting device. The second counting device, the input and

The feedback unit and further components of the adjustment device can be arranged spatially separately or together or in groups in a housing. The setting device can be formed as part of a domestic charging station.

Depending on a measured value, e.g. the energy measured in an observation period or the measured power flow, a setting device, which is arranged in particular in the area of the subscriber, in particular spatially in the area of the first counter, can generate and send a control signal.

The participant is, for example, the owner of a residential unit.

Of course, the residential unit can also have several residents or users. The residential unit can be, for example, a single or multi-family house or a rental house.

At the supply network connection, in particular as part of the

Adjustment device, the feed and feedback unit can be provided. A backfeed can mean that green electricity from the house distribution network into the Supply network is fed. A feed can mean that gray and / or green electricity is fed into the house distribution network from the supply network.

The domestic charging station can be connected to the house distribution network and designed to charge an electric vehicle. The domestic charging station and / or the setting device comprises at least one second communication interface. The second communication interface can communicate with the second counting device and / or the setting device and a backend. The second

The communication interface is, for example, a LAN, WLAN, Bluetooth, ZigBee, EnOcean, KNX interface. The home charging station can also be connected to a home automation system, for example. The home charging station can be assigned to a user or participant. Alternatively, it is possible for the home charging station to be assigned to several users.

The user or participant can use the home charging station manually, via a smartphone app via the backend or via the

Configure and control home automation system, especially one

Start, interrupt or end the charging process. The user also owns an electric vehicle. The electric vehicle can be used overnight at home

Charging station.

The second and / or first counting device can be arranged in such a way that it detects the power and / or energy that the electric vehicle draws. This does not apply to the charging station's own contribution. In particular, the second and / or first counting device can be arranged between a charging controller in the charging station and an outlet for a charging cable at the charging station and thus only record the power and / or energy drawn by the electric vehicle. Such an arrangement is also conceivable and intended in the context of this application. With the help of such a first counter, it is possible to capture _"the related and / or output electric energy of the charging station. This is useful in order to be able to carry out a balancing with the second counting device on a subscriber on which the energy generation plant is operated, as will be described below.

The second and / or first counting device described here can both

Have measuring devices and counters. Measuring devices and counters can be verified and not verified.

The user or participant can, for example, configure and control the public charging station manually via a smartphone app via the backend, in particular start, interrupt or end a charging process.

The charging station connection at the public charging station can preferably be arranged in the same network level in which the subject energy generation takes place. Preferably, between the charging station connection and the

Supply network connection can also be used at a higher network level. Both the public charging station and the generation systems can be connected in higher or lower and in particular in different network levels.

The charging station connection is spatially separated from the supply network connection.

For a synchronization of charging at the public charging station with a feed at a supply network connection, it is proposed that the control device set a power flow between the public charging station and the charging station connection as a function of the external control signal. It is thus possible for the charging station to receive electrical energy triggered by the external control signal. The control signal is objectively dependent on a measured value in the second counting device on which

Supply network connection, the setting device and / or the setting and Feedback unit is measured. The control signal therefore makes it possible to charge an electric vehicle synchronously with feeding electrical energy into the energy supply network from a generation plant.

The previously mentioned control device can be arranged spatially in the area of the public charging station or partially separated from it in a backend. The setting device can be arranged spatially at the subscriber, the domestic charging station, the second counting device, at the supply network connection or at least partially spatially separated therefrom in the backend.

The backend can receive the count values of the second and / or first counting device or measured values of the measuring devices and generate the corresponding signals from them. The response signal mentioned below can also be generated by the backend.

It has been recognized that not only a balancing of amounts of energy, but also, for example, a temporal synchronization of power flows can be implemented with the aid of the external control signal. Because of this,

proposed that the external control signal specifies an instantaneous power. An instantaneous power can indicate apparent power or resolved active and reactive power or also only active power. The control device can the

Power flow between the charging station and the charging station connection

set according to the specified instantaneous power. This can

in particular by controlling a converter and setting the voltage level accordingly. Depending on the voltage level and the internal resistance of the converter, a current intensity can be set which also determines the amount of the instantaneous power.

According to one exemplary embodiment, it is proposed that the instantaneous power be recorded at the supply network connection. The participant can use the Supply network connection connect a generator to the supply network. A generator can be a previously described generation plant.

The participant endeavors to use the electrical energy generated by his generator as fully as possible himself in order to keep the margin described above through his own consumption as high as possible. For this purpose, the public charging station in question is used with the system in question, which can be operated spatially separated from the supply network connection.

A balancing of the power flows and / or amounts of energy on

The supply network connection and the charging station connection are made by comparing the power flows or amounts of energy that are exchanged at the supply network connection with the power flows or amounts of energy that are exchanged on the

Charging station connector.

In this context it should be mentioned that both a

Time-synchronized power balancing as well as time-synchronized energy balancing is possible.

In the case of power balancing, the power flows at the charging station connection and at the supply network connection are added to a lower limit value, preferably less than 1kW, in particular less than 100W, preferably around 0W, with opposite signs. This means that the power flows balance each other out and that the total power consumption on the one hand is covered by a power output on the other. Unless technical

Performance restrictions oppose the goal of a complete performance equilibrium, the goal is to minimize the remaining balance within the scope of the technical performance restrictions.

A charging station usually has an available output power between 4.6 kW and 90 kW. A power flow from a generating plant can also between 10 kW and a few 10 kW. Thus, a power flow of the

Generating plant, minus the power used in the house distribution, be larger or smaller than the capacity of the charging station. Hence it can

Occurrence that a power at the supply network connection differs from a power at the charging station connection. For balancing, it is preferred that the charging station is operated with the same power as possible as the

Generating plant.

In the case of energy balancing over a observation interval, the

Observation interval the absorbed energy on the one hand with the delivered energy on the other side netted and a difference one

The limit value is approximated, which is in particular less than 1kWh, preferably less than 0.1kWh, in particular less than 0.01kWh, preferably around 0kWh. In the context of technical performance restrictions, a minimum of the energy balance is aimed for per balancing period.

If it was previously mentioned that power flows are netted on one side and the other, or quantities of energy are netted on one side or the other, this can be understood to mean that on the

Green electricity supply network connection can be fed in and, at the same time, an amount of electricity corresponding to the green electricity can be consumed at the charging station connection. This applies both to time-synchronous services and to time-synchronous amounts of energy.

As already explained, a time synchronization of the power flows or also a time-period-specific synchronization of the amounts of energy can take place. For the latter case, it is proposed that the external control signal specifies an energy in a viewing interval. A viewing interval is in particular 1 min, 5 min, 10 min or a quarter of an hour. The control device provides the

The power flow between the charging station and the charging station connection then begins in such a way that at the end of the observation interval between the charging station and the Charging station connection exchanged energy that corresponds to the specified energy. In this case, information on the energy that has accumulated up to now can be specified by the external control signal within a viewing interval with a higher temporal resolution than the duration of the viewing interval, so that in the course of the viewing interval the goal of the best possible alignment of the exchanged energy quantities at the supply network connection and on the

Charging station connection can be reached.

In one exemplary embodiment, the energies are recorded by measurement technology that have been exchanged with the supply network up to a point in time within the observation interval at the charging station connection and at the supply network connection. Depending on the prognosis of the energy flow at the supply network connection for the remaining period within the current observation interval, the control device sets an energy flow in the opposite direction at the charging station connection. The aim is to minimize the remaining energy difference balance at the end of the observation interval. For the subsequent energy billing, it is necessary that both the charging station and the supply network connection the amounts of energy with suitable counting means, e.g. are recorded in accordance with calibration law. For the control of the energy flows, the control direction can preferably use measured values from these counting means. The use of measured values from other non-calibrated measuring devices is also possible in one embodiment for the control.

While the user or participant is not in his residential unit, relatively little electrical energy is consumed in the residential unit. In most cases, the generating plant provides electrical energy to the

Mains connection ready. The power provided by the generating plant cannot be consumed within the residential unit at the house distribution network connection. The power provided there is from the house distribution network via the supply network connection, in particular with the help of the input and

Feedback unit, fed back into the supply network. On the other hand, the user needs electrical energy for his electric vehicle at the public charging station at the same time. The amount of electrical energy consumed by the public charging station can be transmitted from the control device to the backend. The amount of the

Supply network connection Electrical energy fed into the supply network can be transmitted from the adjustment device to the backend. The backend offsets the two amounts and netted them as described above. Ideally, it is possible that the amount of energy required for the charging process was fed into the supply network with the help of the generating plant via the supply network connection. It is advantageously possible that in such a scenario the user does not have to draw any additional electrical energy and also have to pay for it. The user is, as it were, in a virtual electricity network within the home.

In order to ensure that the performance is recorded at the correct time, the second and the first counting device preferably have a common time standard. Here can

in particular, time synchronization takes place via a time server. The

The control device and the setting device are set up for bidirectional communication with one another and / or the backend, so that both the control signal and the response signal can be exchanged.

At the beginning of the loading process, the user identifies himself to the

public charging station using an identification number assigned to it. The identification number can for example be on a smartphone, in his

Electric vehicle or stored in a charging cable. This allows the

User initialize the charging process using their smartphone, electric vehicle or charging cable at the public charging station. As part of the initialization, the public charging station or the control device reports to the backend via the first communication interface that the user would like to charge an electric vehicle with the identification number. The backend uses the identification number to check whether the user

is entitled to charge an electric vehicle at the public charging station. If the check is positive, the public charging station is activated and the desired charging process can begin. Using the identification number, the backend can also determine that the home charging station is assigned to the user.

In one embodiment, when initializing the charging process, the user can specify whether only the energy fed in at the supply network connection should be used for a charging process at the public charging station. In this case, the second meter reports the amount of energy consumed to the backend at regular intervals.

The backend then uses the control signal to instruct the public charging station to add an amount of energy equal to the amount of energy fed into the

Transfer electric vehicle. However, the user can also select a hybrid version of the charging process. In such a hybrid version, the public charging station charges the electric vehicle up to the desired state of charge of the battery. If the amount of energy fed in at the supply network connection is not sufficient for this, additional energy can be drawn from the supply network. The user will be billed for the additional energy drawn.

There is regular encrypted communication between the

Control device and backend and between the adjusting device and backend and / or between the control device and adjusting device instead. The

Adjustment device can send a control signal and the control device can receive a control signal. The setting device can receive a response signal and the control device can send a response signal. The control signal and response signal can be created via and / or by the backend. If we are talking about the public charging station with the backend communicates, this can also mean that the control device communicates with the backend and vice versa. If we are talking about the domestic charging station or the feed and feedback unit communicating with the backend, this can also mean that the setting device communicates with the backend and vice versa.

The setting device transmits the energy or power fed into the supply network together with a unique transaction identification number in a data packet. The data packet can be part of the control signal. The values of the amount of energy or power required for this can be made available to the first meter device, for example. The

Transaction identification number can be assigned to the user, for example. The transaction identification number can, for example, be used for

Identification number used for initialization. The data packet can, for example, also include a counter reading of the second counter. The counter reading indicates, for example, which data packet is involved. As a rule, a plurality of data packets are transmitted during a loading process.

The backend evaluates the data packet received by the setting device and then sends the control device the control signal with the one to be loaded

Amount of energy or the power, preferably also as a data packet with the same structure.

The evaluation on the part of the backend can take into account the charging mode specified by the user during initialization and / or a load management setting. Alternatively, it is possible that the setting device only at the end of the

Charging process, the energy fed into the supply network is transmitted to the backend. In this embodiment, the backend will use the

The amount of energy fed into the supply network is calculated with the amount of energy required for the charging process and, depending on the difference, an action carried out. Either he will be charged an amount if the amount of energy drawn is greater than the amount of energy fed in. Otherwise a credit can be issued.

In one embodiment, the setting device is designed to measure the state of the second counting device and / or the feed and feedback unit, in particular the amount of energy fed into the supply network, by the second

Communication interface to be transmitted to the backend. In a

Embodiment, the setting device is designed to be included in the

To query the amount of energy fed into the supply network from the second meter and / or the feed and feedback unit. In one embodiment, the setting device reports the into the supply network every 15 minutes

amount of energy fed in through the second communication interface to the backend. The aforementioned regularity can therefore mean that data can be transmitted every 15 minutes.

In one embodiment, the adjusting device and / or comprises

Control device at least two communication interfaces, so that a redundant communication connection to the backend can be present. The communication interface (s) can be designed, for example, to establish a LAN, GSM, UMTS, LTE or 5G communication connection. It is also possible that the first communication interface is designed to be functionally identical to the second communication interface.

In one embodiment, the control device is designed to control or regulate the feed and feedback unit via at least one communication interface. This advantageously makes it possible to provide the amount of energy required by the electric vehicle during the charging process through the feed and feedback unit. This is advantageous, for example, when the residential unit has an additional physical energy storage unit, such as an accumulator, which is connected to the house distribution network. Energy can then possibly be used via this be fed into the supply network if the generating plant, possibly

does not provide any energy due to weather conditions.

In one embodiment, less energy is fed into the electric vehicle in a first phase of the charging process than is fed into the supply network at the supply network connection. This advantageously makes it possible to build up a type of energy buffer. During the balancing, it is determined that less energy is consumed at the charging station connection than at

Supply grid connection is fed. The amount of the balance can be accumulated over one or more observation intervals. This cumulative amount can be understood as an energy buffer. If, during the balancing process, it is determined in a later observation period that more energy is being consumed at the charging station connection than is being fed in at the supply network connection, the amount can be reduced. If the connection to the public charging station is interrupted, the charging process does not have to be interrupted, because in such a case the energy buffer can be used up. In this way, even charging processes can also be guaranteed.

For example, the energy buffer can prevent performance drops

(for example clouds over the photovoltaic system) at the generating system, during which the amount of energy fed into the supply network is low. The energy buffer can also be used to bridge a data packet that the backend has not received from the charging station. If a data packet cannot be received or evaluated by the backend, the charging process does not have to be automatically interrupted thanks to the energy buffer, but the energy buffer can be used up.

The energy buffer can be a numerical value, which can be both positive and negative. A positive numerical value of the energy buffer means, for example, that during the charging process, the amount of energy that is in the

The supply network connection was fed into the supply network is greater than the amount of energy that is used during the charging process from the charging station connection

was recorded and charged into the electric vehicle. A negative numerical value of the energy buffer means, for example, that during the charging process, the amount of energy that was fed into the supply network at the supply network connection is less than the amount of energy that was absorbed by the charging station connection during the charging process and loaded into the electric vehicle. A positive numerical value enables, for example, the use of time-variable load management on the part of the backend and / or the public charging station.

The backend and / or the public charging station can decide on the basis of a current load situation of the supply network when the electric vehicle should be charged with what power. For example, when initializing the charging process, the user can specify that the numerical value of the energy buffer must not become negative. The numerical value of an energy buffer can, for example, be assigned to one or more (for example a family) users (or participants) and / or temporarily to a charging process. The assignment to a user can, for example, also be realized via a contract account assigned to the user. That is, the numerical value of an energy buffer would only be assigned indirectly to a user, since the numerical value of an energy buffer would be assigned to a contract account and this contract account is assigned to a user.

The numerical value of an energy buffer can, for example, be stored and managed centrally in the backend. The energy buffer is therefore a kind of virtual energy store. If the charging process is canceled prematurely,

excess energy fed into the supply network can be made available to the user as a credit (case: positive numerical value of the

Energy buffer) and excess energy fed into the electric vehicle are billed to the user (case: negative numerical value of the

Energy buffer). The first charging station can, for example, also be an inductive one

Trade charging station.

The subject matter is explained in more detail below on the basis of a drawing showing exemplary embodiments. In the drawing show:

1 shows an exemplary system structure;

2 shows an exemplary sequence of a charging process;

3 to 5 each show an exemplary charging process at a charging station;

1 shows an exemplary system structure. A residential unit 110, for example a single-family house, of a user (hereinafter also referred to as a customer) comprises a power generation system 114, in particular a photovoltaic system, a feed and feedback unit 112, a smart meter 113 (second meter) and a private charging station 111 Power generation plant 114 may

be viewed in particular as a generating plant in the sense of the general description.

The energy generation system 114 is connected to a house distribution network via a house distribution network connection 151. In the house distribution network, loads such as a domestic charging station 111 or other loads can be arranged. The feed-in and feedback unit 112, in particular comprising a converter, can be arranged between the energy generation system 114 and the house distribution network connection 151. In the illustration, the feed and feedback unit 112 is between the

House distribution network connection 151 and a supply network connection 150 can be arranged. The feed and feedback unit 112 can also be in several parts and in parts between the energy generation system 114 and the house distribution network connection 151 and in parts between the house distribution network connection 151 and a Supply network connection 150 can be arranged. The feed and feedback unit 112 can also have an adjustment device 116 described above.

The smart meter 113 is shown as an example in FIG

Integrated feedback unit 112. The smart meter 113 can be the second

Counting device can be arranged on the supply network connection 150.

For reasons of clarity, FIG. 1 does not show the conceivable ones

Communication links between the components. For example, the home charging station 111 can have both a feed and feedback unit 112 or the smart meter 113 and the power generation system 114

Have a communication link.

The feed and feedback unit 112 is connected to a public supply network (in particular an alternating current network) 155 via the supply network connection 150. The feed-in and feed-back unit 112 is designed to feed excess electrical energy from the power grid within the residential unit into the public supply grid (power grid) 155.

Excess electrical energy may exist when the power generation system 114 provides more electrical energy than can be consumed in the residential unit. The feed and feedback unit 112 and / or the smart meter 113 is designed to detect the amount of energy fed back into the public power grid 155.

A public or semi-public charging station 120 is designed to provide a

Charging customer's electric vehicle 130. The public or semi-public charging station 120 (also called public charging station 120) can be located, for example, in a public parking lot or in a parking lot on company premises or in a shopping center. The charging station 120 is connected to the public power grid 155 via a charging station connection 121. The electrical energy required to charge the electric vehicle can be drawn by the charging station 120 from the public power grid 155. A previously described control device 122 is arranged in or on the charging station 120. In or on the charging station 120 is a previously described first

Counting device arranged. Of course, other public or semi-public charging stations are also conceivable according to the invention. Because of

Only one charging station 120 is shown for clarity. When it is mentioned below that the charging station 120 is communicating, this can also mean that the control device 122 is communicating.

The system structure shown also includes a backend 140. The backend 140 is a downstream network structure, such as a database server, on which information can be stored or from which it can be retrieved. In FIG. 1, the back end 140 is sketched as a cloud symbol.

The backend 140 is connected to the charging station 120 and / or the control device 122 in terms of communication. The backend 140 can, for example, authenticate a user / customer at the [semi] public charging station 120, start or end a charging process of an electric vehicle 130, control a charging process of an electric vehicle 130 or a load management of several

Carry out charging stations. The amount of energy drawn from the public power grid 155 at the charging station connection can be communicated to the backend 140 via this communication connection.

In addition, the backend 140 is via another, not shown

Communication connection with at least one component from the residential unit 110, in particular with the feed and feedback unit 112, with the

Setting device 116 connected to a smart meter 113 or to the private charging station 111. The fed into the public power grid 155 at the power supply connection

Amount of energy to be communicated to the backend 140.

The backend 140 includes at least one customer-specific data record 160. The customer-specific data record 160 includes at least one numerical value of the

Energy buffer. A positive numerical value of the energy buffer means, for example, that during the charging process, the amount of energy that is removed from the

internal electricity network into the public electricity network 155 am

Supply grid connection 150 was fed in, is greater than the amount of energy that was drawn from charging station connection 121 during the charging process at a charging station 120 and that was charged into electric vehicle 130. A negative numerical value of the energy buffer means, for example, that during the charging process the

The amount of energy that was fed into the public electricity network 155 at the supply network connection 150 from the residential unit's internal electricity network is smaller than the amount of energy that is used during the charging process at a charging station 120 on

Charging station connection 121 was obtained and charged into the electric vehicle 130.

The customer-specific data record 160 includes in particular further data, such as e.g. an identification number for authentication at a charging station 120, the address of the customer, a contract account of the customer, a stored one

Payment option of a customer and / or the previous charging processes (historical data) of the customer.

2 shows an exemplary sequence of a charging process. FIG. 2 is explained with reference to the components shown in FIG. 1. In one

In authentication step 501, a customer authenticates himself at a public or semi-public charging station 120 in order to charge his electric vehicle 130. The

Authentication can be performed using an identification number. The identification number can be stored, for example, on a smartphone, in his electric vehicle 130 or in a charging cable. This allows the Customer initialize the charging process using his smartphone, his electric vehicle 130 or his charging cable.

As part of the initialization, the charging station 120 reports to the backend 140 via a communication connection that the customer would like to charge an electric vehicle 130 with the identification number. The backend 140 uses the transmitted identification number to check whether the customer is authorized to charge an electric vehicle 130 at the charging station 120. For this purpose, the backend 140 can use the

Use customer-specific data 160. If the check is positive, the charging station 120 is set active and the desired charging process can begin.

Using the identification number, the backend 140 can also determine that the customer is assigned a feed and feedback unit 112 according to the invention and / or a smart meter 113 and / or a private charging station 111. in the

Authentication step SOlist it is also possible that the customer can select or decide which operating mode (previously also called version) is selected for the upcoming charging process. The two possible operating modes are explained in more detail with reference to this figure.

In a second step 502, the backend 140 establishes a communication connection with the feed and feedback unit 112, a setting device 114, the smart meter 113 and / or the private charging station 111 of the residential unit 110. The further communication link mentioned in FIG. 1 is established.

If a charging cable has been connected to the electric vehicle 130 and to the charging station 120, the charging process can begin in a third step 503.

If the customer has not yet determined the operating mode for the charging process in the preceding authentication step 501, this can be done in the third step 503. It is also conceivable that the selection of the operating mode is selected by the backend 140 with regard to a load management to be carried out, provided that the customer does not make a selection of the operating mode.

If a hybrid operating mode has been selected for the charging process, a commercially available charging process known from the prior art takes place

Electric vehicle (521).

The feed and feedback unit 112 into the public power grid 155

The amount of energy fed in is not used during the charging process (521)

considered. At the end of the charging process, the backend 140 feeds the feed and feedback unit 112 into the public power grid 155

Amount of energy recorded or determined (522).

The end of the charging process can take place, for example, by fully charging an energy store of the electric vehicle 130, but also by removing the charging cable. The amount of energy ascertained or recorded in step 522 is temporarily stored in the customer-specific data record 160 of the customer.

In a comparison step 523, it is determined in the backend 140 whether the am

Supply network connection 150 fed into the public electricity network 155

Amount of energy is greater than that in 521 for charging on

Charging station connection 121 related amount of energy. In the adjustment step 523, a difference is calculated which can be positive as well as negative or equal to zero. If the amount of energy fed into the public electricity network 155 at the supply network connection 150 is greater than that determined in step 521 on

Charging station connection 121 related amount of energy required for the charging process, for example, the difference can be positive. If the on

Supply network connection 150 fed into the public electricity network 155

If the amount of energy is smaller than the amount of energy determined in step 521 and obtained at the charging station connection 121 and required for the charging process, the difference can be negative, for example. The difference calculated in 523 is used in a finalization step 504 to create a credit note or an invoice using the customer-specific data record 160 for the customer. If the difference is positive, for example, the customer can be credited for the difference. The credit can be stored in the customer-specific data record 160, for example. If the difference is negative, an invoice for the amount of the difference can be provided for the customer by means of an electricity price, for example. The invoice can, for example, be stored in the customer-specific data record 160 and then sent to the customer.

After the finalization step 504, the loading process is ended (505). If an operating mode for the charging process in the third step 503 (or in the

Authentication step 501) has been selected, in which no additional electrical energy from the public power grid 155 is to be used, a positive numerical value of the energy buffer is generated in a buffer step 511. This generation can be characterized in that the electric vehicle 130 is not charged during a certain period of time, but an amount of energy is fed into the public power network 155 at the supply network connection 150. The specific time span can be, for example, two hours, one hour or only half an hour.

At the end of the buffer step 511, a positive numerical value of the energy buffer is stored in the customer-specific data record 160 of the backend 140. In a subsequent charging process step 512, a certain amount of energy is am

Charging station connection 121 obtained from the charging station 120 within a certain time interval for the electric vehicle 130. The specific amount of energy depends on that stored in the customer-specific data record 160

Numerical value of the energy buffer. In particular, the specific amount of energy should not be greater than the numerical value of the energy buffer. It is conceivable, for example, that the specific amount of energy is deliberately smaller than the numerical value of the energy buffer. This can be beneficial

Enable load management.

The charging power delivered by the charging station 120 to the vehicle 130 depends on the level of the determined amount of energy and the length of the specific time interval and is adapted accordingly. The end of the charging process step 512 is reached after the specific time interval. At the end of the charging process step 512, the amount of energy actually drawn from the charging station 120 at the charging station connection 121 is determined and the numerical value of the energy buffer stored in the customer-specific data record 160 is then adjusted. Under certain circumstances (for example, if a technical defect occurs), the amount of energy actually drawn from the charging station 120 may differ from the amount of energy previously determined.

In a subsequent checking step 513, it is checked, for example by the backend 140, whether the charging process of the electric vehicle 130 has been completed. This can be the case when the energy store of the electric vehicle 130 has reached a previously determined state of charge. If it is established in the checking step 513 that the charging process of the electric vehicle has been completed, the finalization step 504 (described above) takes place.

If it is established in the checking step 513 that the charging process of the electric vehicle 130 has not yet been completed, information is obtained in a next further step 514. In 514, the

Backends 140 detects or determines the amount of energy fed into the public power grid 155 at the supply network connection 150. This determined or recorded amount of energy is offset against the numerical value of the energy buffer stored in the customer-specific data record 160. Then, based on the numerical value of the energy buffer, a specific amount of energy is determined for a subsequent charging process step 512. In this determination, for example other factors, such as load management or the current state of charge of the energy store of the electric vehicle 130, may also be important.

Step 514 is followed by a further charging process step 512 with the amount of energy determined in 514 and a specific time interval. If a charging process is unexpectedly terminated during 512 or 514 (for example due to a technical defect or a charging cable being pulled out), the will take place

Finalization step 504, the numerical value of the energy buffer stored in the customer-specific data record 160 and the amount of energy actually used by the charging station 120 in step 512 being taken into account. The difference determined in the consideration can be processed further, for example in the form of a credit note or invoice, as mentioned above, for example.

Figures 3 to 5 each show an exemplary charging process on one

Charging station 120. Several graphs are shown per figure, i.e. per charging process. Each graph visualizes the course of a loading process-specific variable over time. The exact values for the sizes are not decisive for one. The X-axis is scaled linearly and a value on the X-axis corresponds to a time value. In each top graph of a figure, the electrical power currently fed into the public power grid 155 at the supply network connection 150, in particular through the feed and feedback unit 112, is shown over time. In every second top graph of a figure, the accumulated amount of energy fed into the public power grid 155 at the supply network connection 150 since the start of the charging process is shown. In every second bottom graph of a figure, the current charging power from the charging station 120 is shown over time. In each bottom graph of a figure, the numerical value of the energy buffer is shown over time.

The values of the electrical power fed into the public power grid 155 at the supply network connection 150 were generated pseudo randomly. In the graphs of Figures 3 and 4, the X-axes are the zero level of the Y-axis. In Fig. 3 is a

Charging process mapped in an operating mode, the charging power in the the next further step 514 or in the loading process steps 512 is not adapted. For this reason, it can be seen that the charging power remains constant after a time period 311 within the buffer step 511 during the entire charging process. The specific time intervals 320 of the charging process step 512 are constant. Only two specific time intervals 320 are shown in the figure. On the

The three other specific time intervals were not drawn in. The specific time intervals can be, for example, an hour, half an hour or a quarter of an hour.

The values for the accumulated amount of energy fed into the public power grid 155 at the supply network connection 150 [second top graph) and the numerical value of the energy buffer [bottom graph) are for example only recorded or determined by the backend 140 at the beginning or at the beginning of each specific time interval 320 . For this reason, the values in the graphs in FIGS. 3 and 4 are only shown at certain times.

In FIG. 3, a positive numerical value 330 des is at the end of the loading process

Energy buffer available. This positive numerical value can be made available to a user or a customer as a credit in a finalization step 504. It is also conceivable that the credit is used for a further (next in the future) charging process.

4 shows a charging process in an operating mode, the charging power being adapted in the next further step 514 or in the charging process steps 512. The charging power is therefore not at the same level during the charging process, but increases gradually.

Another time span 411 within the buffer step 511 is also present. The charging power is adjusted so that at the end of a specific time interval of a charging process step 512 the numerical value of the energy buffer is positive. At the beginning of the last specific time interval 420 in the charging process, the Charging power adjusted so that the numerical value of the energy buffer present at the beginning of the last specific time interval 420 is used within the charging process step 512. As a result, the positive numerical value 423 of the energy buffer present at the end of the charging process corresponds to the accumulated am

Supply network connection 150 fed into the public electricity network 155

Amount of energy within the time interval 420. The reference symbol 421 visualizes the area mentioned. The sketched time curve 422 of this amount of energy has also been drawn in in the bottom graph of FIG. 4 for reasons of clarity.

FIG. 5 shows a charging process in a hybrid operating mode, the charging power being constant. The accumulated amount of energy fed back into the public electricity network 155 at the supply network connection 150 and the numerical value of the energy buffer are recorded or determined by the backend 140 at the end of the entire charging process. For reasons of clarity, FIG. 5 therefore shows all values 611 of the amount of energy fed into the supply network and all values 612 of the numerical value of the energy buffer. As already mentioned in FIG. 2, the values 611, 612 are not necessarily monitored or tracked by the backend 140 during the charging process. The graph for the charging power (second lowest graph) shows that there is no buffer step. For reasons of full traceability, the zero level 600 is shown in the bottom two graphs in FIG. As can be seen, the numerical value 630 of the energy buffer is negative at the end of the entire charging process. This result leads to the fact that in a finalization step 504 an invoice has to be created for the customer.

Claims

A system for operating a charging station (120) comprising:

a network-side charging station connection (121),

a charging station (120),

a control device (122) assigned to the charging station (120),

characterized,

that depending on an external control signal the control device (122) a power flow between the charging station (120) and the

Sets the charging station connection (121), the control signal being dependent on a measured value which is recorded at a network-side supply network connection (150) spatially separated from the charging station connection (120).

2. System according to claim 1,

characterized,

that between the charging station connection (121) and the charging station (120) a first counting device (123) is arranged, which one between the

Measures the charging station (120) and the charging station connection (121) transmitted electrical energy.

3. System according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

that the external control signal specifies an instantaneous power and that the control device (122) controls the power flow between the charging station (120) and the charging station connection (121) in accordance with the specified

Current output.

4. System according to claim 3,

characterized, that the instantaneous power is detected at the supply network connection (150).

5. System according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

that the instantaneous power is a power output on the

Power supply connection (150) and that the set

Instantaneous power at the charging station connection (121) is a power consumption.

6. System according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

that the control signal specifies an energy in a viewing interval and that the control device (122) adjusts the power flow between the charging station (120) and the charging station connection (121) in such a way that at the end of the viewing interval the between the charging station (120) and the

Charging station connection (121) exchanged energy corresponds to the predetermined energy.

7. System according to claim 6,

characterized,

that the energy exchanged in the observation interval at the

Supply network connection (150) is detected.

8. System according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

that the energy is an energy delivered to the supply network connection (150) and that the energy between the charging station (120) and the

Charging station connection (121) exchanged energy is absorbed energy.

9. System according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

that between the supply network connection (150) and one with the

Supply network connection (150) connected on the house side

House distribution network connection (151) a second counting device (113) is arranged, which one between the house distribution network connection (151) and the

The power supply connection (150) measures the electrical energy transmitted and an adjusting device (116) generates the control signal as a function of the measured energy.

10. System according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

that the control device (122) a response signal depending on the

outputs actual power flow between the charging station connection (121) and the charging station (120).

11. System according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

that a central backend (140) is arranged in communication connection with the control device (122) and the setting device (116), the communication connection being established via a wide area network.

12. System according to claim 13,

characterized,

that the backend (140) the measured values of the first and the second

Counting device (113, 123) balanced.

13. System according to one of claims 11 or 12,

characterized, that the backend (140) has a buffer in which a difference between the measured value of the first counter (113) and the measured value of the second counter (123) is recorded and stored as an energy buffer.

14. System according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

that the amount of energy absorbed at the charging station connection (121) is subtracted from the measured value of the first counter (113) and / or the energy buffer.

15. System according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

that the second counter device (123) and the first counter device (113) have a common time normal.

16. System according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

that the control device (122) and the setting device (116) are set up for bidirectional communication.