EP3198118A1 - Rock bolt to be embedded in a fixing material, in a bore hole - Google Patents
Rock bolt to be embedded in a fixing material, in a bore holeInfo
- Publication number
- EP3198118A1 EP3198118A1 EP15848259.6A EP15848259A EP3198118A1 EP 3198118 A1 EP3198118 A1 EP 3198118A1 EP 15848259 A EP15848259 A EP 15848259A EP 3198118 A1 EP3198118 A1 EP 3198118A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- energy
- rock bolt
- absorbing part
- tubular part
- absorbing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/02—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection having means for indicating tension
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
- E21D21/0033—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts having a jacket or outer tube
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
- E21D21/004—Bolts held in the borehole by friction all along their length, without additional fixing means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/008—Anchoring or tensioning means
Definitions
- the present invention concerns a rock bolt for the absorption of forces during the reinforcement of rock chambers in mines and during similar work with rock.
- a second method is to deform or strain the bolt. If the degree of strain is large, the absorption of energy is also large. The larger the degree of strain, the larger the absorption of energy.
- the disengaged length which is the length between attachment of the bolt inside the borehole and the free end of the bolt, should be as long possible.
- An embedded dynamic rock bolt normally consists of an extent with a thread with a screw joint, and one or several attachment regions along the bolt.
- attachment region is here used to denote one or several regions along the extent of the bolt that has been embedded in the borehole.
- the energy-absorbing regions along the bolt, at which the bolt can be strained, are constituted by stretches between the embedded parts that have a low friction between the grout and the bolt. A bolt with several anchors reduces the energy-absorbing ability of the bolt, since the stretch over which the bolt can be strained is reduced.
- the purpose of the present invention is to remove the problems described above by offering an embedded dynamic rock bolt of which the energy-absorbing ability is larger since the extent that can be strained being longer than it is in conventional embedded dynamic rock bolts.
- This purpose is achieved through an embedded dynamic rock bolt with an energy-absorbing part that is located in a protected environment without being able to come into contact with the grout, at the same time as the energy-absorbing part is as long as possible.
- Figure 1 shows a side view of a rock bolt according to the invention with an anchor with a wedge
- Figure 1A shows an alternative embodiment of a rock bolt according to the invention
- Figure 2 shows the rock bolt from Figure 1 in cut-through view
- Figure 2A shows the rock bolt from Figure 1A in cut-through view
- Figure 3 shows an end view of a screw joint
- Figure 4 shows an end view of an anchor
- Figure 5 shows the bolt from Figure 1, where the anchor has been exchanged for a stirring arrangement
- Figure 6a shows an external tubular part provided with lugs
- Figure 6b shows an external tubular part with perforations
- Figure 6c shows an external tubular part with a pattern
- Figure 7a shows an energy-absorbing part in the form of a reinforcement member
- Figure 7b shows an energy-absorbing part in the form of a wire
- Figure 7c shows an energy-absorbing part in the form of a steel rod
- Figure 7d shows an energy-absorbing part in the form of a composite material
- Figure 8 shows rock with a borehole for the introduction of a rock bolt.
- Figure 1 shows a rock bolt 1 according to the invention intended to be embedded in a borehole 2 in rock.
- the rock bolt 1 comprises an extended external tubular part 3 and an internal extended energy-absorbing part 4.
- the external part 3 has been given a length that is somewhat less than the length of the energy-absorbing part 4.
- the external tubular part 3 has a first end 5 and a second end 6, and a magnitude that allows the energy-absorbing part 4 to be surrounded by the external part 3. It is an advantage if the external part 3 has circular cross-section in the form of a circularly symmetrical metal tube, but it should be realised that also other forms and materials are possible. Square, elliptical or rectangular tubes, of metal, plastic or composite material can, for example, be used. Also other forms of the external tubular part 3 can be used.
- the jacket 7 of the external tubular part 3 is, as is shown in Figures 6a-6c, arranged with a friction-increasing structure, for example in the form of a pattern 8.
- the jacket 7 may be arranged with lugs 9, in the same manner as the lugs on a commonly occurring reinforcement member.
- the jacket 7 also may be arranged with perforations 10, or with various combinations of pattern, lugs and perforations.
- the purpose of the friction-increasing structure is to give a better attachment surface in the concrete into which the bolt 1 has been embedded. If the jacket 7 is provided with perforations 10, the concrete is given the possibility to grip onto the tubular part 3 without the concrete running into the tubular part and making contact with the energy-absorbing part 4.
- the internal energy-absorbing part 4 demonstrates a length that exceeds the length of the external tubular part 3.
- the energy-absorbing part 4 comprises a reinforcement member 4a, but it can in other embodiments comprise a wire 4b, a rod 4c or an extended member of a composite material 4d, as shown in Figures 7a-7d.
- the slot 13 is placed in the end 11 of the energy-absorbing part 4 in such a manner that the end has a division to a certain extent.
- a wedge 14 is located in the slot 13.
- the bolt 1 When the bolt 1 is introduced into the borehole 2 and reaches the bottom of the borehole, the bolt 1 is pressed or beaten against the bottom of the borehole such that the wedge 14 is pressed into the slot 13. When the wedge 14 is pressed into the slot 13, the parts on the two sides of the slot are pressed outwards against the walls of the borehole and attach in this manner the end 11 of the rock bolt in the borehole 2.
- the second end 15 of the energy-absorbing part 4 is provided with a threaded section 16 that extends a certain distance into the energy-absorbing part 4.
- the threaded section 16 is intended to be located outside of the borehole when the bolt 1 has been introduced into the hole 2, and has a diameter that is equal to or greater than the external dimension of the outer part, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The purpose of this is to avoid any weakening of the internal energy-absorbing part caused by the thread.
- a screw joint 17 in the form of a nut 18, a washer 19 and a force distributor in the form of a half sphere 20 is mounted at the threaded section 16. When the rock bolt 1 is mounted and embedded in the borehole 2, it is prestressed by the screw joint 17.
- the task of the half sphere 20 is to direct the force from the rock against the washer 19 and the nut 18. It should be realised that, when the internal energy-absorbing part 4 comprises a wire 4b or a composite material 4d, the threaded section 16 and the anchor 12 are attached to the energy-absorbing part 4c or 4d through welding, gluing or in another manner permanent attached.
- the internal energy-absorbing part 4 is introduced into, placed inside, the external tubular part 3.
- One end 5 of the external tubular part 3 is attached at the internal energy-absorbing part 4 in association with the anchor 12.
- the second end 6 of the tubular part 3 is attached in close association with the screw joint 17, in direct association with the end of the threaded section 16.
- the ends 5, 6 of the external tubular part 3 are attached by means of welding with fully welded joins S.
- another type of fastening can be used, such as gluing or other permanent fastening. Gluing is particularly appropriate when other material than steel is used for the energy- absorbing part 4 and/or the external tubular part 3.
- the tubular part 3 is adapted such that its second end 6 comes into contact with the washer 19 and makes contact with it when the rock bolt is prestressed.
- the preferred rock bolt is mounted in the following manner as shown in Figure 8: a fixing material such as concrete is introduced into the borehole 2 when it has been drilled in the rock. The rock bolt 1 is subsequently introduced into the hole with the anchor 12 entering the borehole first. When the rock bolt 1 reaches the bottom, the bolt is pressed or beaten against the bottom of the borehole such that the anchor becomes attached and the bolt is fixed. When the concrete has hardened, the screw joint 17 is mounted on the part of the threaded part 16 that protrudes from the borehole 2, and is tightened such that the energy-absorbing part 4 is prestressed.
- the bolt 2 is provided with an anchor in the form of a stirring arrangement 21 formed by a blade or disk having the form of a paddle, instead of the wedge.
- the resin is introduced into the borehole, after which the bolt is introduced into the borehole and rotated such that the resin is mixed by the stirring arrangement 21.
- the resin hardens rapidly, which is why the screw joint 17 can be mounted and prestressed in direct association with the insertion of the bolt 1 into the hole 2.
- rock bolt 1 is given a maximum extent over which the bolt can be bent, since the energy-absorbing part 4 does not come into contact with the embedding material. This gives the advantage that the rock bolt can be bent more extensively and in this way can absorb larger forces than those absorbed by other types of embedded rock bolt.
- the rock bolt is manufactured in the following manner:
- an extended energy-absorbing part 4 is arranged, - an extended tubular part 3 is arranged,
- the energy-absorbing part 4 is adapted inside of the tubular part 3,
- a final step in the manufacture comprises
- the final step in the manufacture comprises
- the dimensions may be so adapted that the energy-absorbing part 4 must be pressed into the external tubular part 3, but it should be realised that it is an advantage if the external tubular part 3 has an internal dimension that is large enough to allow the internal energy-absorbing part 4 to move or be displaced freely relative to the tubular part 3 before the fastening, by, for example, welding or gluing. If the internal dimension of the external tubular part 3 is sufficiently large relative to the dimension of the internal energy-absorbing part 4, the advantage is achieved that the risk that grout comes into contact with the energy-absorbing part is minimised.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
- Dowels (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
- Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE1451130A SE538335C2 (en) | 2014-09-25 | 2014-09-25 | Energy absorbing rock bolt for casting as well as the method of manufacture of such rock bolt |
PCT/SE2015/050985 WO2016056973A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 | 2015-09-22 | Rock bolt to be embedded in a fixing material, in a bore hole |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3198118A1 true EP3198118A1 (en) | 2017-08-02 |
EP3198118A4 EP3198118A4 (en) | 2018-05-16 |
Family
ID=55653444
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15848259.6A Withdrawn EP3198118A4 (en) | 2014-09-25 | 2015-09-22 | Rock bolt to be embedded in a fixing material, in a bore hole |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20170298732A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3198118A4 (en) |
CN (1) | CN106715831A (en) |
AP (1) | AP2017009847A0 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2015328736A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112017005961A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2960672A1 (en) |
CL (1) | CL2017000688A1 (en) |
CO (1) | CO2017003951A2 (en) |
EA (1) | EA201790702A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2017003885A (en) |
PE (1) | PE20170618A1 (en) |
SE (1) | SE538335C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016056973A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA201702339B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6661449B2 (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2020-03-11 | 株式会社ケー・エフ・シー | Rock bolt |
PE20220103A1 (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2022-01-26 | Support Tech Innovations Pty Ltd | A ROCK BOLT |
Family Cites Families (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2697914A (en) * | 1949-10-11 | 1954-12-28 | Joy Mfg Co | Releasable wedge type roof bolt |
US4056036A (en) * | 1976-03-17 | 1977-11-01 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Borehole anchor |
US4100748A (en) * | 1977-01-07 | 1978-07-18 | Stratabolt Corporation | Mine roof or rock bolt expansion anchor of the bail type |
US4411643A (en) * | 1981-02-10 | 1983-10-25 | Berlin & Jones Company, Inc. | Double envelope and method of making same |
US4516883A (en) * | 1983-04-01 | 1985-05-14 | Die-Matic Corporation | Mine roof bolt mounting assembly |
DE3417252C1 (en) * | 1984-05-10 | 1986-04-17 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Combined rigid profile and expansion anchor |
US5073064A (en) * | 1990-04-27 | 1991-12-17 | Birmingham Bolt Company | Method and apparatus for retorquing an installed mine roof bolt |
DE4411643A1 (en) * | 1994-04-02 | 1995-10-05 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag | Method of dismantling free part of tensioned member of prestressed anchor on bore-hole end of loaded anchoring body |
AUPS310802A0 (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2002-07-11 | Industrial Rollformers Pty Limited | Yielding cable bolt |
AU2003262348A1 (en) * | 2002-11-18 | 2004-06-03 | Industrial Roll Formers Pty Ltd | Yielding Rock Bolt |
RU2343287C2 (en) * | 2003-06-03 | 2009-01-10 | Дьюнфаер Пти Лтд | Anchor bolt |
WO2006106883A1 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-12 | Dowa Electronics Materials Co., Ltd. | Fluorescent substance, fluorescent substance sheet and process for producing the same, and luminescent device using said fluorescent substance |
DE102006053141B3 (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-06-19 | Atlas Copco Mai Gmbh | Improved slip anchor |
CA2638725C (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2017-03-28 | Jennmar Corporation | Self drilling rock bolt |
US8255726B2 (en) * | 2008-07-18 | 2012-08-28 | International Business Machines Corporation | Zero indication forwarding for floating point unit power reduction |
US8485758B2 (en) * | 2009-01-07 | 2013-07-16 | Ming Cai | Yieldable cone bolt and method of manufacturing same |
SE535627C2 (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2012-10-23 | Luossavaara Kiirunavaara Ab | rock bolt |
US20130185920A1 (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2013-07-25 | Amir Peled | Anchor device and method of use |
FI124908B (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2015-03-13 | Suomen Metallityö Oy | rock bolt |
US20130018592A1 (en) * | 2011-07-15 | 2013-01-17 | Pulsar Informatics, Inc. | Systems and Methods for Inter-Population Neurobehavioral Status Assessment Using Profiles Adjustable to Testing Conditions |
-
2014
- 2014-09-25 SE SE1451130A patent/SE538335C2/en unknown
-
2015
- 2015-09-22 CN CN201580051426.2A patent/CN106715831A/en active Pending
- 2015-09-22 BR BR112017005961A patent/BR112017005961A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2015-09-22 US US15/514,426 patent/US20170298732A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-09-22 AP AP2017009847A patent/AP2017009847A0/en unknown
- 2015-09-22 AU AU2015328736A patent/AU2015328736A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-09-22 CA CA2960672A patent/CA2960672A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-09-22 EA EA201790702A patent/EA201790702A1/en unknown
- 2015-09-22 WO PCT/SE2015/050985 patent/WO2016056973A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-09-22 PE PE2017000560A patent/PE20170618A1/en unknown
- 2015-09-22 EP EP15848259.6A patent/EP3198118A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-09-22 MX MX2017003885A patent/MX2017003885A/en unknown
-
2017
- 2017-03-22 CL CL2017000688A patent/CL2017000688A1/en unknown
- 2017-04-03 ZA ZA2017/02339A patent/ZA201702339B/en unknown
- 2017-04-24 CO CONC2017/0003951A patent/CO2017003951A2/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EA201790702A1 (en) | 2017-07-31 |
CO2017003951A2 (en) | 2017-07-11 |
CA2960672A1 (en) | 2016-04-14 |
BR112017005961A2 (en) | 2017-12-19 |
US20170298732A1 (en) | 2017-10-19 |
CN106715831A (en) | 2017-05-24 |
SE538335C2 (en) | 2016-05-24 |
MX2017003885A (en) | 2017-12-15 |
WO2016056973A1 (en) | 2016-04-14 |
AU2015328736A1 (en) | 2017-04-27 |
ZA201702339B (en) | 2022-05-25 |
PE20170618A1 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
AP2017009847A0 (en) | 2017-03-31 |
SE1451130A1 (en) | 2016-03-26 |
EP3198118A4 (en) | 2018-05-16 |
CL2017000688A1 (en) | 2017-10-30 |
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Legal Events
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
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Effective date: 20170421 |
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Extension state: BA ME |
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DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
A4 | Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched |
Effective date: 20180418 |
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RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: E21D 21/00 20060101AFI20180412BHEP |
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19U | Interruption of proceedings before grant |
Effective date: 20190129 |
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19W | Proceedings resumed before grant after interruption of proceedings |
Effective date: 20230502 |
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RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: ERIKSSON, LEIF Inventor name: KREKULA, HAKAN |
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Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20231103 |