EP3167997A1 - Laser deposit welding method and apparatus with oscillating laser radiation within the nozzle - Google Patents

Laser deposit welding method and apparatus with oscillating laser radiation within the nozzle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3167997A1
EP3167997A1 EP15193840.4A EP15193840A EP3167997A1 EP 3167997 A1 EP3167997 A1 EP 3167997A1 EP 15193840 A EP15193840 A EP 15193840A EP 3167997 A1 EP3167997 A1 EP 3167997A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
laser
laser beam
oscillating
welding method
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15193840.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Georg Bostanjoglo
Bernd Burbaum
Michael Weyland
Andres Gasser
Stefanie Linnenbrink
Frank MENTZEL
Norbert Pirch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV, Siemens AG filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority to EP15193840.4A priority Critical patent/EP3167997A1/en
Publication of EP3167997A1 publication Critical patent/EP3167997A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
    • B23K26/342—Build-up welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/082—Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/001—Turbines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B23K2103/26—Alloys of Nickel and Cobalt and Chromium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a deposition welding method in which material or powder is melted by means of an energy beam and applied to a substrate, wherein the energy beam is oscillated within a nozzle (wobble).
  • a sweep strategy during buildup welding can selectively influence nucleation and grain growth in the mushy zone, so that the growth of a columnar solidification front is suppressed or completely avoided.
  • the object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and a device according to claim 2.
  • the invention proposes a combination of build-up welding, in particular with laser, with oscillating radiation.
  • a conventional scanner technology is used. This is used either as a complete system or composed of individual components.
  • a nozzle for the coating process is connected to the scanner, so that
  • Scanner system and nozzle are not moved relative to each other.
  • the overall system will be during the Proceed coating process.
  • the energy beam may be commutated or oscillated within the nozzle as needed during the coating process.
  • both coating methods can be used flexibly and, depending on requirements, can be coated with a high build-up rate or high contour accuracy.
  • FIG. 1 a device 1 according to the invention is shown.
  • the device 1 has a laser 6, in which a laser beam 7 of the laser 6 is passed through a nozzle 13 by means of a scanner 10.
  • the nozzle 13 is fixed by a holder 16 to the housing of the scanner 10 so that it can be moved with the scanner 10 with respect to a substrate 19.
  • FIG. 2 a cross section through the nozzle 13 is shown.
  • the cross section shows the outer shell 21 of the nozzle 13 and with a central inner circle 25, which represents the cross section of the laser beam 7.
  • the outer circle (dashed line) 24 shows the cross section of the coating material 23 and the powder stream 23, respectively.
  • the laser beam 7 is preferably oscillated back and forth within the outer circle 24 of the coating material 23 or commute.
  • the pendulum movement of the laser beam 7 is ensured in particular by the scanner 10.
  • the powder stream 23 will not oscillate or oscillate.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

Die Anmeldung betrifft eine Auftragschweissverfahren und eine entsprechende Vorrichtung (6), unter Verwendung eines oszillierenden Laserstrahl (7). Durch die oszillierende Bewegung des Laserstrahls (7) in der Düse (13) kann das Wobbel-Verfahren vereinfacht durchgeführt werden.The application relates to a deposition welding method and a corresponding device (6), using an oscillating laser beam (7). By the oscillating movement of the laser beam (7) in the nozzle (13), the wobble method can be simplified.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Auftragschweißverfahren, bei dem mittels eines Energiestrahls Material oder Pulver aufgeschmolzen wird und auf ein Substrat aufgetragen wird, wobei der Energiestrahl innerhalb einer Düse oszilliert wird (Wobbeln).The invention relates to a deposition welding method in which material or powder is melted by means of an energy beam and applied to a substrate, wherein the energy beam is oscillated within a nozzle (wobble).

Durch eine Wobbel-Strategie beim Auftragschweißen können eine Keimbildung und ein Kornwachstum in der mushy zone (breiige Zone) gezielt beeinflusst werden, so dass das Wachstum einer kolumnaren Erstarrungsfront unterdrückt bzw. vollständig vermieden wird.A sweep strategy during buildup welding can selectively influence nucleation and grain growth in the mushy zone, so that the growth of a columnar solidification front is suppressed or completely avoided.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung aufzuzeigen, die das Verfahren optimal umsetzt.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method and a device which optimally converts the method.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 und einer Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 2.The object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and a device according to claim 2.

In den Unteransprüchen sind weitere vorteilhafte Maßnahmen aufgelistet, die beliebig miteinander kombiniert werden können, um weitere Vorteile zu erzielen.In the dependent claims further advantageous measures are listed, which can be combined with each other in order to achieve further advantages.

Experimentelle Ergebnisse zeigen eine rissarme Gefügestruktur an Nickelbasis-Superlegierungen mit großem Anteil an intermetallischer Phase. Zudem kann mit diesem Verfahren eine große Aufbaurate bis zu 16 cm3/h oder mehr realisiert werden.Experimental results show a low-cracked microstructure of nickel-based superalloys with a high proportion of intermetallic phase. In addition, with this method, a large build-up rate up to 16 cm 3 / h or more can be realized.

Zur Erfindung vorgeschlagen wird eine Kombination von Auftragschweißen, insbesondere mit Laser, mit oszillierender Strahlung. Für eine industrielle Umsetzung wird dabei eine herkömmliche Scannertechnologie eingesetzt. Diese wird entweder als Komplettsystem oder aus einzelnen Komponenten zusammengesetzt, verwendet. Zudem wird eine Düse für den Beschichtungsprozess mit dem Scanner verbunden, so dassThe invention proposes a combination of build-up welding, in particular with laser, with oscillating radiation. For industrial implementation, a conventional scanner technology is used. This is used either as a complete system or composed of individual components. In addition, a nozzle for the coating process is connected to the scanner, so that

Scannersystem und Düse nicht relativ zu einander verfahren werden. Das Gesamtsystem wird während des
Beschichtungsprozesses verfahren. Der Energiestrahl kann je nach Bedarf während des Beschichtungsprozesses innerhalb der Düse gependelt bzw. oszilliert werden. Somit sind beide Beschichtungsverfahren flexibel einsetzbar und je nach Bedarf kann mit hoher Aufbaurate oder großer Konturgenauigkeit beschichtet werden.Scanner system and nozzle are not moved relative to each other. The overall system will be during the
Proceed coating process. The energy beam may be commutated or oscillated within the nozzle as needed during the coating process. Thus, both coating methods can be used flexibly and, depending on requirements, can be coated with a high build-up rate or high contour accuracy.

Es zeigen

Figur 1
eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung und
Figur 2, 3
Verfahrensschritte beim Auftragschweißen.
Show it
FIG. 1
a device according to the invention and
FIG. 2, 3
Process steps during buildup welding.

Die Figuren und die Beschreibung stellen nur Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dar.The figures and the description represent only embodiments of the invention.

In Figur 1 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1 gezeigt. Die Vorrichtung 1 weist einen Laser 6 auf, bei dem ein Laserstrahl 7 des Lasers 6 mittels eines Scanners 10 durch eine Düse 13 geleitet wird.In FIG. 1 a device 1 according to the invention is shown. The device 1 has a laser 6, in which a laser beam 7 of the laser 6 is passed through a nozzle 13 by means of a scanner 10.

Die Düse 13 ist durch eine Halterung 16 an dem Gehäuse des Scanners 10 befestigt, so dass diese mit dem Scanner 10 gegenüber einem Substrat 19 verfahren werden kann.The nozzle 13 is fixed by a holder 16 to the housing of the scanner 10 so that it can be moved with the scanner 10 with respect to a substrate 19.

Weiterhin dargestellt ist ein aufgetragener Schweißbereich 22 auf dem Substrat 19, der mittels des Laserstrahl 7 erzeugt wurde.Also shown is an applied weld area 22 on the substrate 19, which was generated by means of the laser beam 7.

In Figur 2 ist ein Querschnitt durch die Düse 13 gezeigt. Der Querschnitt zeigt die äußere Hülle 21 der Düse 13 und mit einem zentralen inneren Kreis 25, der den Querschnitt des Laserstrahls 7 darstellt.In FIG. 2 a cross section through the nozzle 13 is shown. The cross section shows the outer shell 21 of the nozzle 13 and with a central inner circle 25, which represents the cross section of the laser beam 7.

Die äußere Kreislinie (gestrichelt) 24 zeigt den Querschnitt des Auftragswerkstoffs 23 bzw. des Pulverstroms 23.The outer circle (dashed line) 24 shows the cross section of the coating material 23 and the powder stream 23, respectively.

Wie durch den Pfeil 33 in Figur 3 angedeutet, wird der Laserstrahl 7 vorzugsweise innerhalb der äußeren Kreislinie 24 des Auftragswerkstoffs 23 hin und her oszilliert oder pendeln gelassen.As indicated by the arrow 33 in FIG FIG. 3 indicated, the laser beam 7 is preferably oscillated back and forth within the outer circle 24 of the coating material 23 or commute.

Die Pendelbewegung des Laserstrahls 7 wird insbesondere durch den Scanner 10 gewährleistet.The pendulum movement of the laser beam 7 is ensured in particular by the scanner 10.

Der Pulverstrom 23 wird insbesondere nicht pendeln oder oszillieren gelassen.In particular, the powder stream 23 will not oscillate or oscillate.

Claims (5)

Verfahren zum Auftragschweißen,
bei dem ein Auftragswerkstoff (23) auf ein Substrat (19) aufgetragen wird und
der Auftragswerkstoff (23) durch einen Laserstrahl (7) aufgeschmolzen wird,
wobei der Laserstrahl (7) durch eine Düse (13) geführt wird und
wobei der Laserstrahl (7) innerhalb der Düse (13) pendelnd oder oszillierend bewegt wird.Method for build-up welding,
in which a coating material (23) is applied to a substrate (19) and
the coating material (23) is melted by a laser beam (7),
wherein the laser beam (7) is passed through a nozzle (13) and
wherein the laser beam (7) within the nozzle (13) is moved oscillating or oscillating. Vorrichtung,
insbesondere zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1,
die einen Laser (6) aufweist,
wobei ein Laserstrahl (7) des Lasers (6) mittels eines Scanners (10) durch eine Düse (13) geführt werden kann, insbesondere wobei durch die Düse (13) Auftragswerkstoff (23) zugeführt wird und aus der Düse (13) herausströmt, und wobei Mittel vorhanden sind,
die den Laserstrahl (7) innerhalb der Düse (13) oszillieren oder pendeln lassen.Contraption,
in particular for carrying out a method according to claim 1,
which has a laser (6),
wherein a laser beam (7) of the laser (6) can be guided through a nozzle (13) by means of a scanner (10), in particular wherein application material (23) is supplied through the nozzle (13) and flows out of the nozzle (13), and where there are means
which oscillate or oscillate the laser beam (7) within the nozzle (13). Verfahren oder Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
bei dem die Düse (13) durch eine Halterung (16) an dem Scanner (10),
der über ein Substrat (19) verfahren wird oder werden kann, befestigt ist.Method or device according to claim 1 or 2,
in which the nozzle (13) is guided by a holder (16) on the scanner (10),
which is or can be moved over a substrate (19) is attached. Verfahren oder Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1, 2 oder 3,
bei dem oder bei der der Auftragswerkstoff (23) pulverförmig ist.Method or device according to one or more of claims 1, 2 or 3,
in which or at which the coating material (23) is powdery. Verfahren oder Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1, 2, 3 oder 4,
bei dem oder bei der das Pulver durch die Düse (13) geleitet wird oder werden kann.Method or device according to one or more of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4,
in which or at which the powder is or can be passed through the nozzle (13).
EP15193840.4A 2015-11-10 2015-11-10 Laser deposit welding method and apparatus with oscillating laser radiation within the nozzle Withdrawn EP3167997A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15193840.4A EP3167997A1 (en) 2015-11-10 2015-11-10 Laser deposit welding method and apparatus with oscillating laser radiation within the nozzle

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15193840.4A EP3167997A1 (en) 2015-11-10 2015-11-10 Laser deposit welding method and apparatus with oscillating laser radiation within the nozzle

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EP3167997A1 true EP3167997A1 (en) 2017-05-17

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10005592C1 (en) * 2000-02-09 2001-10-04 Horst Exner Manually- or machine-guided laser for welding cutting, coating or hardening, includes optics directing beam for oblique angle of incidence and reflection
JP2015174420A (en) * 2014-03-18 2015-10-05 株式会社東芝 Nozzle device, laminate molding apparatus, and manufacturing method of laminate molding article
JP2015178193A (en) * 2014-03-18 2015-10-08 株式会社東芝 Nozzle for laminate molding apparatus and laminate molding apparatus
WO2016026706A1 (en) * 2014-08-20 2016-02-25 Etxe-Tar, S.A. Method and system for additive manufacturing using a light beam

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10005592C1 (en) * 2000-02-09 2001-10-04 Horst Exner Manually- or machine-guided laser for welding cutting, coating or hardening, includes optics directing beam for oblique angle of incidence and reflection
JP2015174420A (en) * 2014-03-18 2015-10-05 株式会社東芝 Nozzle device, laminate molding apparatus, and manufacturing method of laminate molding article
JP2015178193A (en) * 2014-03-18 2015-10-08 株式会社東芝 Nozzle for laminate molding apparatus and laminate molding apparatus
WO2016026706A1 (en) * 2014-08-20 2016-02-25 Etxe-Tar, S.A. Method and system for additive manufacturing using a light beam

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