EP2870522A2 - Microcontroller arrangement - Google Patents
Microcontroller arrangementInfo
- Publication number
- EP2870522A2 EP2870522A2 EP13745359.3A EP13745359A EP2870522A2 EP 2870522 A2 EP2870522 A2 EP 2870522A2 EP 13745359 A EP13745359 A EP 13745359A EP 2870522 A2 EP2870522 A2 EP 2870522A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- microcontroller
- energy
- arrangement according
- energy converter
- battery
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
- G06F1/32—Means for saving power
- G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
- G06F1/3206—Monitoring of events, devices or parameters that trigger a change in power modality
Definitions
- the invention relates to a microcontroller arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1.
- DE 10 201 1 003 308 A1 describes a microcontroller arrangement with sensors which are controlled by a microcontroller and supplied by energy of an energy converter in the form of a thermogenerator.
- the problem underlying the invention is to provide a microcontroller assembly that can be operated as energy efficient.
- microcontroller arrangement according to the features of claim 1. Further developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims. Thereafter, a microcontroller arrangement is provided with
- a microcontroller for controlling the operation of the electrical device; such as - At least one energy converter, via which the microcontroller is supplied with energy.
- a separate electronic Zeiterfas- tion block is provided by the microcontroller, which is designed such that it brings the microcontroller from an energy-saving state to an active state at predeterminable time intervals.
- the time acquisition module triggers the transition of the microcontroller from the energy-saving to the active state periodically (cyclically), with a period of about from a few seconds to a few days.
- the microcontroller sends a control signal to the electrical device and / or supplies the electrical device with electrical energy so that it is also brought into an active state as a function of the control signal of the time acquisition module.
- the electrical device is, for example, a sensor or an actuator; e.g.
- the invention is not limited to a particular sensor type. Rather, the microcontroller arrangement may in principle have any desired sensors; For example, sensors for sensing alternating magnetic fields, an electrical voltage, an electrical current, vibrations, an angle, a distance or a position, a gas concentration, a turbidity, a light intensity and / or a spectrum / color.
- the sensor is used to monitor lines and to monitor contactors, transformers, electric generators and motors (for example in turbines or pumps).
- the microcontroller in the active state i. In time intervals determined by the time acquisition module, sensor measurements are made, wherein the microcontroller is brought back into the energy-saving state from the active state after the sensor measurements have been completed (for example, due to a corresponding control signal of the time-acquisition module).
- the microcontroller transmits the measurement data to an external receiving station (e.g., by radio, supra) before being brought into the power-saving state.
- the microcontroller arrangement according to the invention both has at least one sensor and at least one actuator as electrical devices.
- the time recording module is thus an electronic component which is different from the microcontroller and which is designed in particular in the form of a "Real Time Clock" RTC module (real time clock component) or an analog time acquisition module to control the power consumption of the microcontroller independently of the time acquisition module.
- the microcontroller can be brought into the energy-saving state (eg completely switched off) without disturbing a regular activation of the electrical device, since the time-recording module continues to run even when the microcontroller is completely switched off.
- the time acquisition module itself is designed such that it has only a low power consumption during operation (for example, less than 100 nA).
- the microcontroller is brought from the energy-saving to an active state (and vice versa, for example) by means of the time-acquisition module does not necessarily mean that this is done via a direct connection of the time-acquisition module to the microcontroller. Rather, the microcontroller is supplied according to an embodiment of the invention via a cooperating with the time detection module voltage regulator with energy of the energy converter, wherein the microcontroller is thereby brought into the active state that the time detection module switches the voltage regulator in an active state. According to this embodiment of the invention, the microcontroller is thus brought indirectly via the switching of the voltage regulator in the active state.
- the microcontroller can conversely be brought into the energy-saving state, with the power supply to the microcontroller interrupted after the voltage regulator has been switched off, and thus likewise switched off.
- the time detection module receives a signal from the microcontroller, to which it switches off the voltage regulator and thus the microcontroller itself (at least for a certain period of time).
- the energy supplied by the energy converter is insufficient, ie the voltage supplied falls below a reference value (for example of a comparator) and has been switched over to battery operation.
- the voltage regulator and thus the microcontroller remains switched on if enough energy is made available by the energy converter.
- the microcontroller switches itself into an energy-saving state (internal energy-saving mode) and, for example, instructs the time-acquisition module to wake it up again after a predetermined period of time. If, during the energy-saving state, the energy of the energy converter is no longer sufficient and the microcontroller is thus de-energized, then the microcontroller is started by the time-detection module switching on the then switched-off voltage regulator.
- the periodic waking up (i.e., switching to the active state) of the microcontroller is, of course, always done only when the microcontroller has previously been brought into the power-saving state, i. especially if the energy supplied by the energy converter is too low.
- the energy supply would be taken over in particular by a battery (different from the energy converter) (see above).
- the battery can be charged with energy from the energy converter.
- the voltage regulator comprises a cooperating with the time detection module switch, which switches the voltage regulator in response to a signal of the time detection module from a switched to a switched-on state and vice versa.
- the switch is, in particular, a component formed separately from an electronic circuit for voltage regulation of the voltage regulator.
- the voltage regulator does not comprise a separate switch, but directly receives a signal of the time detection module and switches in response to this signal from a switched-off to a switched-on state and vice versa.
- the signal is detected by an input of the voltage regulator.
- the electrical device via the microcontroller with energy eg the energy converter
- energy eg the energy converter
- the electrical device for example, goes into an active state when the microcontroller is brought into the active state.
- a further embodiment of the invention provides a radio unit, which is supplied with energy from the energy converter via the voltage regulator mentioned above, for the wireless transmission of sensor data to an (external) receiving unit.
- the power supply of the radio unit is effected in particular via the voltage regulator mentioned above.
- the radio unit is also brought into an energy-saving state. It is also conceivable that the radio unit is brought by a signal of Mikrocon troller in the energy-saving state.
- the energy converter is designed in particular in the form of a thermogenerator or in the form of a device for inductive and / or photovoltaic energy generation.
- the device for photovoltaic energy generation can be optimized for shaded (photovoltaic) cells.
- energy converters are of course also possible, i. of devices that convert energy of a basically arbitrary form into electrical energy.
- two different energy converters i.e., different types
- the microcontroller arrangement according to the invention can have at least one battery which, instead of or in addition to the energy converter, can supply the microcontroller with energy.
- the battery is in particular designed such that it can be charged with energy of the energy converter.
- the battery is a rechargeable thin-film battery.
- a thin-film battery is in particular a non-chemical battery, which makes it possible to charge (recharge) the battery, for example, even in environmental protection areas.
- the possibility of recharging the battery can significantly increase the autonomy of the sensor compared to chemical primary cells.
- a primary battery is used.
- the use of a battery in addition to the energy converter allows the operation of the electrical device (eg, sensor measurements or sensor messages), even if the currently provided by the energy converter energy is not sufficient to power the electrical device. This increases the safety of the operation of the electrical device (eg a monitoring to be performed with a sensor), since a defect of the electrical device can be detected due to the absence of regular feedback.
- the voltage regulator mentioned above is designed, for example, in the manner of a "low-drop" longitudinal regulator.
- the microcontroller the time detection module, the time intervals in which the microcontroller from the energy-saving in the active state (and thus in particular periodically triggered an operation of the electrical device), depending on the energy converter (currently ) specified voltage.
- the time interval between two actuations of the electrical device e.g., between two sensor measurements if the electrical device is a sensor
- a trigger e.g., one sensor measurement
- the operating frequency is significantly reduced, for. on operation of the electrical device (e.g., one measurement) per day.
- Another embodiment of the invention provides that electronic switch is present, wherein the electronic switch connects the energy converter in a first switching position with the microcontroller and the electronic switch is switched to a second switching position in which it connects the battery to the microcontroller when the voltage generated by the energy converter falls below a predeterminable value.
- the connection of the energy converter or the battery with the microcontroller via the electronic switch can also be done indirectly, in particular via the voltage regulator described above. In this case, depending on the position of the electronic switch, either the energy converter or the battery is connected to the voltage regulator (and thus to the microcontroller).
- the control of the electronic switch is in particular via a comparator, which switches the switch in the first position when the voltage generated by the energy converter exceeds a reference value. Conversely, the comparator switches the electronic switch to the second switching position when the voltage drops below a minimum value.
- the time detection module brings the microcontroller from the energy-saving state into the active state at predeterminable time intervals, for example, only when the voltage generated by the energy converter falls below a predefinable value, i. the energy currently generated by the energy converter for supplying the microcontroller (and possibly also the electrical device) is not sufficient and was switched to battery operation. If the voltage generated by the energy converter is above a minimum value, the microcontroller will be e.g. not switched off at all (i.e., the microcontroller remains active), which also eliminates the periodic switching (waking) of the microcontroller to the active state. Only when the voltage of the energy converter is no longer sufficient does e.g. the micro-controller the time recording module to turn off the voltage regulator (if any) and thus the microcontroller itself.
- an activation of the microcontroller and thus an operation of the electrical device takes place only periodically for a relatively short operating time, in each case after the operating time of the microcontroller is again brought into the energy-saving (in particular switched off) state.
- the energy of the energy converter is sufficient to supply the microcontroller (and possibly the electrical device)
- the microcontroller and thus the electrical device can be activated for a longer period of time; e.g. also permanently, until the energy supplied by the energy converter falls below the specified limit and is switched back to the periodic operation.
- the microcontroller arrangement according to the invention can also have a storage capacitor which is different from the battery and is connected to the energy converter in such a way that it is charged in front of the battery with energy from the energy converter.
- the battery serves as a long-term storage and the storage capacitor as a short-term storage.
- an electronic switch can be present, which connects the energy converter to the microcontroller in a first switching position, wherein the electronic nisch switch is switched to a second switching position in which it connects the battery to the microcontroller when the voltage provided by the storage capacitor falls below a predetermined value.
- the connection of the energy converter or the battery with the microcontroller can also be done directly via a voltage regulator.
- the control of the electronic switch takes place in particular as already mentioned above by means of a comparator.
- the microcontroller assembly of the present invention also includes attachment means that facilitate attachment (e.g., detachable) of the microcontroller assembly to a support structure.
- the microcontroller arrangement can be arranged by means of the fastening means in the region of the size to be measured by means of the sensor (as electrical device).
- the microcontroller assembly is mounted such that the energy converter receives power from the unit (e.g., an electrical conductor or a machine) to be monitored by the sensor.
- the microcontroller arrangement is arranged and designed such that the energy converter can utilize energy from another source.
- the energy converter is arranged at a distance from the sensor.
- the microcontroller arrangement is designed to monitor itself, e.g. regularly detects the state of charge of the battery and communicates via the mentioned radio unit.
- the measurement behavior in particular the frequency of the sensor measurements
- the measurement behavior can be changed in dependence on values measured with the sensor (as electrical device), the state of the sensor and / or external instructions (for example by radio).
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a microcontroller arrangement according to a first embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a microcontroller arrangement according to a second
- the microcontroller arrangement 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises a plurality of (in the present case three) electrical devices, two of which are in the form of sensors 1 1 and 12 and one as Actuator 13 are formed, and a microcontroller 14 for controlling the sensors 1 1, 12 and the actuator 13.
- the sensors 1 1, 12 and the actuator 13 are each connected via a power line 15 and a control line 16 to the microcontroller 14.
- the power lines are pulled through and the control lines are shown in dashed lines.
- the number of control or power line can of course vary. It is also conceivable that one or more lines (s) is used both as a control and as a power line.
- microcontroller arrangement 1 only has sensors or only actuators as electrical devices.
- the microcontroller assembly 1 further comprises an electronic time detection module in the form of a real time clock module RTC 17.
- the RTC 17 serves to cause the microcontroller 14 and thus the sensors 1 1, 12 and the actuator 13 at predetermined time intervals (in particular periodically) from an off state, d , H. an energy-saving state, in a switched-on, d. H. to bring into an active state and vice versa.
- the microcontroller 14 is supplied with energy via a plurality of energy converters (in the present case two) in the form of a thermogenerator 2 and in the form of a device for inductive energy generation 3. Of course, more or less or other energy converters can be used.
- the energy converters 2, 3 may include voltage conditioning circuits, e.g. a DC / DC converter ("DC / DC"),
- the energy of the energy converters 2, 3 is the microcontroller and thus the sensors 1 1 to 13 supplied via a voltage regulator in the form of an LDO 4.
- the microcontroller 14 is brought into the switched-off state that the LDO 4 by a signal of the RTC 17 (output via an output 171 of the RTC 17 and received by an ("Enable") input 41 of the LDO Accordingly, the voltage output via an output (“OUT") 42 of the LDO 4 in the switched-on state to the microcontroller 14 is interrupted, and the microcontroller 14 is therefore also switched off.
- the microcontroller arrangement 1 according to the invention has a rechargeable battery in the form of a thin-layer battery 5, which can be charged via energy from the two energy converters 2, 3.
- a storage capacitor 6 different from the thin-film battery 5 is present, in which energy of the energy converters 2, 3 can likewise be stored.
- the energy of the energy converters 2, 3 is conducted to the thin-film battery 5 via a first combiner 21.
- a second combiner 22 By means of a second combiner 22, the energy of the energy converters 2, 3 is conducted to the storage capacitor 6 and on to the voltage regulator 4.
- the combiners 21, 22 are appropriately designed circuits, in particular using diodes (in particular of "ideal" diodes).
- the circuit (in particular of the two combiners 21, 22) is designed such that the storage capacitor 6 is charged first (ie before the battery 5), which means that the energy converters 2, 3 only have to generate short-lived energy when the storage capacitor 6 is discharged, in order to obtain the storage capacitor 6 with the energy required for a sensor measurement (in particular for a measurement and transmission cycle using a radio unit 9, see below).
- the thin-film battery 5 also has a protection circuit 51, which serves to prevent damage to the thin-film battery 5 by overvoltage or over-discharge.
- the protection circuit responds when the battery 5 is used for a longer time for energy supply and discharged accordingly.
- the sensors can not be operated, but are reactivated when the energy converters 2, 3 again generate sufficient energy.
- a type of battery which does not require a protective circuit.
- the microcontroller arrangement 1 furthermore has an electronic switch in the form of a "high-side switch” (switch in a positive supply line of the load) -HSS 7, which connects the energy converters 2, 3 and the storage capacitor 6 to the LDO 4 in a first switching position In a second switching position (shown in FIG. 1), the HSS 7 connects the thin-film battery 5 to the input 43 of the LDO 4.
- the electronic switch 7 is switched from the first to the second switching position when the energy from the energy converters 2, 3 and Storage capacitor 6 falls below a predetermined value. Whether this is the case, with the aid of a Comparator 8 is determined, which transmits via an output 81, a corresponding signal to the HSS 7.
- the comparator signal is also applied to an input 141 of the microcontroller 14. Depending on this signal, that is, depending on whether the energy of the energy converter 2, 3 and the storage capacitor 6 is sufficient, the microcontroller 14 via a control line 142 to the RTC 17, the time interval between the sensor measurements, ie the time interval between the via the output 171 output control signals to extend.
- the comparator signal is coupled in a "O-DER" block 10 upstream of the LDO 4 to a signal provided at the output 171 of the RTC 17.
- the (periodic) turn-on signal of the RTC 17 at Accordingly, during battery operation (ie the energy of the energy converters 2, 3 is insufficient to supply the microcontroller 14 and the sensors 11, 12 and the actuator 13) only a periodic activation of the microcontroller takes place 14 and the sensors 1 1, 12 and the actuator 13 for a relatively short operating time, after the expiration of the LDO 4 and thus the sensors 1 1, 12 and the actuator 13 are each brought back into the off state simply that memory (ie, the battery 5 or the storage capacitor 6) with the currently higher voltage Versorgun g of the microcontroller 14 and thus the sensors 1 1 -13, but the thin-film battery 5 is only claimed if the voltage of the energy converter 2, 3 is not sufficient for operation of the microcontroller 14 and the sensors 1 1 -13.
- the comparator 8 uses a hysteresis for reasons
- the microcontroller arrangement 1 furthermore has a radio unit 9, which is likewise supplied with energy from the energy converters 2, 3 or the thin-film battery 5 via the voltage regulator 4.
- the radio unit 9 is used in particular to send data from the sensors and / or the microcontroller 14 to an external receiving unit (not shown).
- FIG. 2 shows the block diagram of a second exemplary embodiment of the microcontroller arrangement 1 according to the invention.
- the microcontroller arrangement 1 has sensors 11, 12 and an actuator 13, wherein the sensors 11, 12 and the actuator 13 are controlled via a microcontroller 14.
- the energy supply of the sensors 1 1, 12 and the actuator 13 is again via energy converter 2, 3,
- the analogous to Figure 1 as a thermogenerator 2 or as a device for inductive energy 3 are formed.
- the circuit of FIG. 2 comprises two comparators 8, 82 as well as two electronic switches HSS 7 and HSS 1 8.
- the first comparator 8 the electrical energy currently provided by the energy converters 2, 3 and also the storage capacitor 6 present (or voltage) with a reference value (in this case 2, 4 V) compared. If the voltage is above the reference value, the first comparator 8 outputs via its output 81 a signal (activation signal) to the control input 41 of the LDO 4, which switches the LDO 4 into the active state.
- the microcontroller 14 and thus also the sensors 1 1, 1 2, the actuator 1 3 and the radio unit 9 are activated (powered).
- the activation signal of the comparator 8 is applied continuously to the LDO 4 until the voltage provided by the energy converters 2, 3 and the storage capacitor 6 falls below the reference value (or below a lower lower reference value, in this case 2.0 V).
- the LDO 4 (indirectly) via a control signal of an RTC 1 7 at predetermined intervals from a switched to a switched-on state and vice versa.
- a signal of the RTC 1 7 periodically brings the HSS 18 into a closed state, wherein with the switch closed, the voltage generated by the thin-film battery 5 together with the voltage generated by the energy converters 2, 3 and the storage capacitor 6 is applied to the comparator 8.
- This voltage will be above the reference value of the comparator 8, so that accordingly a control signal is output to the LDO 4, which switches it to the active state.
- the periodic control signal (trigger signal) of the RTC 17 to the HSS 1 8 thus generates a periodic activation of the LDO 4 and thus the associated components 1 1 -1 3 and 9.
- ADC anolog digital Converter "- analog-to-digital converter.
- the microcontroller 14 again outputs a control signal to the RTC 17, which, for example, sets the period duration of the trigger signal to be output to the HSS 18 as a function of this control signal.
- the RTC 17 outputs the trigger signal to the HSS 18 only when VSTORAGE is open with HSS 1 8 open, i. the voltage generated by the energy converters 2, 3 and the storage capacitor 6 is below the reference value of the comparator 8.
- the RTC 17 does not begin to generate the trigger signal to the HSS 18 when the LDO 4, and therefore the microcontroller 14, is turned off for an extended period of time (e.g., 24 hours).
- the voltage provided by the energy converters 2, 3 and the storage capacitor 6 is also compared in the second comparator 82 with a reference value which deviates from the reference value of the comparator 8; especially lower (in the present case 1, 5 V).
- HSS 7 If the voltage is above the reference value of the comparator 82, another electronic switch in the form of the HSS 7 is switched to a position in which it connects the energy converters 2, 3 and the storage capacitor 6 to the RTC 17, so that the RTC 17 is energized of these components is supplied. If the voltage falls below the reference value (or a further, lower reference value, in the present case 1, 1 V), the HSS 7 switches to the position shown in FIG. 2 in which it connects the battery 5 to the RTC 17.
- the reference voltage at the comparator 82 may be lower than the reference voltage of the comparator 8, since the RTC 1 7 has a lower energy consumption than the microcontroller 14 and thus is still operable with lower voltages of the energy converter 2, 3 and the storage capacitor 6.
- the RTC 17 is operated with energy of the energy converter 2, 3 and the storage capacitor 6, as long as the voltage provided by these components is above the lower reference value of 1, 1 V.
- the above reference values, as well as other values included in Figures 1 and 2 are exemplary only.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Microcomputers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13745359.3A EP2870522A2 (en) | 2012-07-06 | 2013-07-02 | Microcontroller arrangement |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12175330 | 2012-07-06 | ||
EP13745359.3A EP2870522A2 (en) | 2012-07-06 | 2013-07-02 | Microcontroller arrangement |
PCT/EP2013/063908 WO2014006030A2 (en) | 2012-07-06 | 2013-07-02 | Microcontroller arrangement |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2870522A2 true EP2870522A2 (en) | 2015-05-13 |
Family
ID=48917499
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13745359.3A Withdrawn EP2870522A2 (en) | 2012-07-06 | 2013-07-02 | Microcontroller arrangement |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2870522A2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014006030A2 (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20080049700A1 (en) * | 2006-08-25 | 2008-02-28 | Shah Rahul C | Reduced power network association in a wireless sensor network |
US8468377B2 (en) * | 2008-10-22 | 2013-06-18 | Microsoft Corporation | Conserving power using predictive modelling and signaling |
JP5324340B2 (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2013-10-23 | ルネサスエレクトロニクス株式会社 | Microcomputer |
JP5527895B2 (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2014-06-25 | パナソニック株式会社 | Secondary battery control device and control method |
DE102011003308B4 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2014-06-05 | Micropelt Gmbh | Monitoring arrangement and method for monitoring an electrical line |
-
2013
- 2013-07-02 EP EP13745359.3A patent/EP2870522A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-07-02 WO PCT/EP2013/063908 patent/WO2014006030A2/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2014006030A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2014006030A2 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
WO2014006030A3 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
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