EP2499881B1 - Method and circuit for generating of mixed led light having a predetermined colour - Google Patents

Method and circuit for generating of mixed led light having a predetermined colour Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2499881B1
EP2499881B1 EP10726063.0A EP10726063A EP2499881B1 EP 2499881 B1 EP2499881 B1 EP 2499881B1 EP 10726063 A EP10726063 A EP 10726063A EP 2499881 B1 EP2499881 B1 EP 2499881B1
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Prior art keywords
led
ptc
ntc
temperature
light
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2499881A1 (en
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Istvan Bakk
Hans Hoschopf
Peter Pachler
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Tridonic Jennersdorf GmbH
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Tridonic Jennersdorf GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/20—Controlling the colour of the light

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a circuit arrangement for generating mixed light of a predetermined color by mixing the longer-wavelength light emitted by at least one first LED with the shorter-wavelength light emitted by at least one second LED.
  • the boundary between the longer-wavelength and the shorter-wavelength light may be, for example, 500 nm (with respect to the peak of the spectrum).
  • white light can be obtained by mixing the light emitted by a red light LED and that of a color-converted blue light LED or UV light LED (this is, for example, a blue light or UV light-emitting LED chip with a Phosphor layer is covered, which converts the blue light or the UV light into a longer wavelength light with a correspondingly different color) are generated.
  • a color-converted blue light LED or UV light LED this is, for example, a blue light or UV light-emitting LED chip with a Phosphor layer is covered, which converts the blue light or the UV light into a longer wavelength light with a correspondingly different color
  • white light can also be generated by RGB (red, green, blue) mixture.
  • a change in temperature can be caused by the ambient temperature fluctuating or even by the fact that the LED module is heated by the operating current over time. In the latter case, a stable state is reached only after a certain warm-up time. This is usually at least 10 minutes, but can take much longer.
  • Temperature changes result in color location changes of the mixed light for the following reason: the higher the temperature in an LED module, the lower the intensity of the light emitted by the LEDs (with the same current through the LED).
  • the gradient of the intensity as a function of the temperature is decreasing or, in other words, the gradient is negative. This would not be a problem in terms of the color of the mixed light, if the negative gradient of the longer wavelength LED light and the shorter wavelength LED light would be about the same. In fact, however, the negative gradient of longer wavelength LED light is greater than the negative gradient of shorter wavelength LED light, with the result that the spectrum of the mixed light changes.
  • EP 2 471 347 A1 which is SdT according to Art. 54 (3) EPC, discloses LED lighting with compensating bypass circuits.
  • the invention has for its object to counteract the described adverse phenomenon.
  • LEDs that emit red light are representative of longer wavelength LEDs
  • blue light emitting LEDs also referred to as “blue or color converted blue LEDs”
  • the limit with respect to the peak of the spectrum between the longer-wavelength and the shorter-wavelength light may be, for example, 500 nm.
  • FIG. 1 is the natural or uncompensated course of the intensity of the light emitted by red LEDs light as a function of the temperature (the semiconductor junction) shown as a dotted curve (each with a constant current).
  • the natural course of the intensity of the intensity of the light emitted by blue LEDs is shown as a continuous drawn curve. It can be seen that both curves decrease with higher temperature, but the negative gradient of the intensity profile of the red LEDs is greater than that of the intensity profile of the blue LEDs.
  • the negative gradients of the two intensity gradients should be largely aligned. Otherwise, fluctuations in the room or ambient temperature or, after switching on, heating of the LED module to the operating temperature result in an undesired color shift of the mixed light.
  • the solution to this problem is according to the invention in a circuit compensation control (as opposed to a control) of the intensity profile of the light emitted from the red LEDs such that the negative gradient of the light emitted by the red LEDs is lowered so that it at least until Reach the operating temperature is approximately parallel to the intensity curve of the light emitted by the blue LEDs light.
  • the compensated intensity profile of the light emitted by the red LEDs is shown as a dashed curve.
  • Circuit-technical control excludes in particular a color detection by means of sensor and feedback signal.
  • the invention provides a circuit control without control with feedback signal.
  • FIG. 2 a circuit arrangement is shown with which such compensation can be achieved.
  • This circuit can be fed by a preferably regulated constant current whose amplitude of the dimming of the LED track can be adjustable, for example by specifying a desired value.
  • the circuit may, for example, be accommodated in a housing of a retrofit LED lamp.
  • the circuit arrangement includes a plurality of blue LEDs connected in series, denoted by LEDS (b), and also a plurality of red LEDs connected in series, denoted by LEDs (r).
  • a bypass circuit branch is connected in parallel, which consists of a transistor T and a resistor R1.
  • Parallel to the emitter-base path of the transistor T is a resistor R2.
  • the temperature-sensitive resistor PTC has a positive temperature behavior, ie its resistance increases with temperature and vice versa.
  • the temperature-sensitive resistor PTC is in heat-conducting contact with the chip or module on which at least the LEDs (r) are arranged.
  • the LEDs (b) can also be arranged on this chip or module.
  • the temperature on the chip or module due to an increase in ambient temperature or - after switching - increased by the operating heat of the LEDs, so also increases the resistance of the temperature-sensitive resistor PTC, with the result that the emitter-base voltage of the transistor decreases becomes.
  • the transistor increasingly blocks, reducing the partial current of the total current flowing across the bypass. This means that the current flowing through the LEDs (r) is increased, which then leads to the desired reduction in the negative gradient of the intensity profile of the light emitted by the LEDs (r).
  • the network for generating a control voltage for the transistor T are also designed differently and can be realized for example with a temperature-sensitive device having a negative temperature behavior.
  • a further possibility for compensating the intensity profile of the light emitted by the LEDs (r) is that the forward voltage of at least one "red” LED and / or at least one "blue” LED, optionally all LEDs of the chain, with temporarily stabilized operating current Temperature measurement ("red” and "blue” is just an example of the first or second type). By evaluating the measured forward voltage can then win a control parameter to increase the operating current.
  • FIG. 3 also shows a circuit arrangement with which the compensation described above can be achieved.
  • the circuit arrangement includes a plurality of blue LEDs connected in series, denoted by LEDs (b), and a plurality of red LEDs also connected in series, denoted by LEDs (r).
  • LEDs (r) To the LEDs (r), a bypass circuit branch is connected in parallel, but in this embodiment instead of a PTC has an NTC with a negative temperature behavior, ie its resistance decreases with temperature and vice versa.
  • the temperature-sensitive resistor NTC is in heat-conducting contact with the chip or module, on which at least the LEDs (r) are arranged.
  • the LEDs (b) can also be arranged on this chip or module.
  • the three components of the functional unit R1-NTC-R2 supply the base of the transistor T1 with temperature-dependent current and temperature-dependent voltage, wherein the resistor R1 with the parallel resistor R2 and the temperature-sensitive resistor NTC forms a voltage divider for supplying the base.
  • the resistor R2 serves to limit the current in the lower temperature range and thus deforms the current characteristic of the sidestream.
  • R1 depending on the existing voltage, a side current for supplying the transistor base and the voltage level is set.
  • the NTC causes the current in the sidestream to switch off at high temperatures. At low temperatures, the effect Current amplification of the transistor with correspondingly low currents through the side string current limiting.
  • the functional unit T1-R3-R4 represents the current control unit.
  • the transistor is intended to switch large currents. For this reason, the linear current amplification factor is an essential quantity.
  • the two resistors R5 and R6 cause the current limit at temperatures of 40 ° to 20-30 ° and consume the most power. For this reason, a low power transistor (0.5W) can be used.
  • the resistors have the disadvantage that the dimensioning may require a large area.
  • a higher power transistor can be used and the resistor either omitted entirely or the design performed such that there is no current limiting and only a portion of the power is dissipated.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment ajar FIG. 3
  • a red LED in the chain of blue LEDs is switched by swapping.
  • the compensation ratio of the compensation circuit changes, since the compensation current thus no longer concerns only the red LEDs, but also a blue LED.
  • the compensation circuit can thus be set to the desired temperature behavior such that, in addition to the resistance circuit, the properties of the NTC / PTC and the transistor amplification, the arrangement of the different colored LEDs in the LED string is changed. It depends in particular on which LEDs are present following the branch point for the compensation circuit. The aforementioned training thus follow not only LEDs of the same color on the branch point, but in the residual strand is at least one LED of the other color before.
  • a particular field of application for such a temperature-compensated circuit are again retrofit LED lamps.
  • FIG. 5 shows CIE color coordinates for different compensation currents as a function of the temperature TC at the temperature-dependent resistor NTC in 5-degree increments.
  • a typical temperature gradient of 25 degrees to 85 degrees shows that the color locus in the CIE diagram remains within a given McAdam ellipse of a defined color temperature (eg, 2700 Kelvin) as it warms.
  • the McAdam ellipse shows the tolerance range of the human eye for a given point in the CIE diagram.
  • the human eye does not perceive any color change.
  • the temperature compensation obviously also works for different compensation currents, but due to the different side current in relation to the total current, a shift in the direction of red takes place at higher currents.

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  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Led Devices (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Schaltungsanordnung zur Erzeugung von Mischlicht vorbestimmter Farbe durch Mischen des von mindestens einer ersten LED emittierten längerwelligen Lichtes mit dem von mindestens einer zweiten LED emittierten kürzerwelligen Lichtes. Die Grenze zwischen dem längerwelligen und dem kürzerwelligen Licht kann bspw. bei 500nm (bzgl. des Peaks des Spektrums) liegen.The invention relates to a method and a circuit arrangement for generating mixed light of a predetermined color by mixing the longer-wavelength light emitted by at least one first LED with the shorter-wavelength light emitted by at least one second LED. The boundary between the longer-wavelength and the shorter-wavelength light may be, for example, 500 nm (with respect to the peak of the spectrum).

Es ist bekannt, Mischlicht einer vorbestimmten Farbe durch Mischen des von mindestens zwei LEDs emittierten Lichtes zu erzeugen, wobei das von der einen LED und das von der anderen LED emittierte Licht unterschiedliche Wellenlängen haben. Beispielweise kann Weißlicht durch Mischen des von einer Rotlicht-LED emittierten Lichtes und des von einer farbkonvertierten Blaulicht-LED oder UV-Licht-LED (es handelt sich dabei bspw. um einen blaues Licht oder UV-Licht erzeugenden LED-Chip, der mit einer Phosphorschicht bedeckt ist, die das blaue Licht bzw. das UV-Licht in ein längerwelliges Licht mit einer entsprechend anderen Farbe umwandelt) erzeugt werden.It is known to produce mixed light of a predetermined color by mixing the light emitted by at least two LEDs, the light emitted from one LED and from the other LED having different wavelengths. For example, white light can be obtained by mixing the light emitted by a red light LED and that of a color-converted blue light LED or UV light LED (this is, for example, a blue light or UV light-emitting LED chip with a Phosphor layer is covered, which converts the blue light or the UV light into a longer wavelength light with a correspondingly different color) are generated.

Alternativ kann Weisslicht auch durch RGB (rot, grün, blau) Mischung erzeugt werden.Alternatively, white light can also be generated by RGB (red, green, blue) mixture.

Dabei tritt jedoch das Problem auf, dass sich der Farbort des Mischlichtes im CIE-Diagramm mit der Temperatur ändert. Eine Temperaturänderung kann ihre Ursache darin haben, dass die Umgebungstemperatur schwankt oder aber auch darin, dass sich das LED-Modul durch den Betriebsstrom mit der Zeit erwärmt. Im letztgenannten Fall wird erst nach einer gewissen Aufwärmzeit ein stabiler Zustand erreicht. Diese beträgt in der Regel mindestens 10 Minuten, kann aber auch erheblich länger dauern.However, the problem arises that the color location of the mixed light in the CIE diagram changes with temperature. A change in temperature can be caused by the ambient temperature fluctuating or even by the fact that the LED module is heated by the operating current over time. In the latter case, a stable state is reached only after a certain warm-up time. This is usually at least 10 minutes, but can take much longer.

Temperaturänderungen haben aus folgendem Grund Farbortänderungen des Mischlichtes zur Folge: Je höher die Temperatur in einem LED-Modul ansteigt, desto geringer ist die Intensität des von den LEDs emittierten Lichtes (bei gleichbleibendem Strom durch die LED). Der Verlauf der Intensität in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur ist abfallend oder - mit anderen Worten - der Gradient ist negativ. Das wäre an sich in Bezug auf die Farbe des Mischlichtes noch kein Problem, wenn der negative Gradient des längerwelligen LED-Lichtes und der des kürzerwelligen LED-Lichtes in etwa gleich wären. Tatsächlich ist jedoch der negative Gradient von längerwelligem LED-Licht größer ist als der negative Gradient von kürzerwelligem LED-Licht, mit der Folge, dass sich das Spektrum des Mischlichtes verändert.Temperature changes result in color location changes of the mixed light for the following reason: the higher the temperature in an LED module, the lower the intensity of the light emitted by the LEDs (with the same current through the LED). The gradient of the intensity as a function of the temperature is decreasing or, in other words, the gradient is negative. This would not be a problem in terms of the color of the mixed light, if the negative gradient of the longer wavelength LED light and the shorter wavelength LED light would be about the same. In fact, however, the negative gradient of longer wavelength LED light is greater than the negative gradient of shorter wavelength LED light, with the result that the spectrum of the mixed light changes.

Somit kann es bei einer typischen Erwärmung eines LED-Moduls bspw. von Raumtemperatur auf 60°C bis 80°C zu einer Farbortverschiebung kommen, die für das menschliche Auge wahrnehmbar ist.Thus, in a typical heating of an LED module, for example. From room temperature to 60 ° C to 80 ° C, a color location shift can occur, which is perceptible to the human eye.

US 2007/0171159 A1 einen Treiber für farbige LEDs, bei dem eine Temperaturkompensierung in Serie zu LEDs geschaltet ist. US 2007/0171159 A1 a driver for colored LEDs, with temperature compensation in series with LEDs.

EP 2 471 347 A1 , die SdT gemäss Art. 54 (3) EPC ist, offenbart eine LED Beleuchtung mit kompensierenden Bypass-Schaltungen. EP 2 471 347 A1 , which is SdT according to Art. 54 (3) EPC, discloses LED lighting with compensating bypass circuits.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, der geschilderten nachteiligen Erscheinung entgegenzuwirken.The invention has for its object to counteract the described adverse phenomenon.

Die Aufgabe ist durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Die abhängigen Ansprüche bilden den zentralen Gedanken der Erfindung in besonders vorteilhafter Weise weiter.The object is solved by the features of the independent claims. The dependent claims further form the central idea of the invention in a particularly advantageous manner.

Weitere Merkmale, Vorteile und Eigenschaften der Erfindung sollen nunmehr unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren der begleitenden Zeichnungen erläutert werden.Further features, advantages and characteristics of the invention will now be explained with reference to the figures of the accompanying drawings.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Intensität des von einer Rotlicht-Diode emittierten Lichtes und des von einer farbkonvertierten Blaulicht-LED emittierten Lichtes,
Figur 2
eine prinzipielle Schaltungsanordnung mit einem PTC-Widerstand zum Erzeugen von weißem Mischlicht durch Mischen des von roten LEDs und des von farbkonvertierten blauen LEDs emittierten Lichtes, und mit einem PTC-Widerstand zur Kompensation der unterschiedlichen Temperaturabhängikeit der Effizienz der beiden genannten LED-Typen.
Figur 3
eine Abwandlung des Ausführungsbeispiels von Figur 2, bei der anstelle des PTC-Widerstands ein NTC-Widerstand eingesetzt ist.
Figur 4
eine prinzipielle Schaltungsanordnung wie in Fig. 3 mit dem Unterschied, dass eine rote LED der LED-Kette LED6-10 mit einer blauen LED aus der LED_Kette LED1-5 vertauscht ist.
Figur 5
CIE-Koordinaten für unterschiedliche Lichtströme der Schaltungsanordnung nach Fig. 4 in Abhängigkeit der am temperaturempfindlichen NTC-Widerstand vorliegenden Temperatur
Show it:
FIG. 1
the temperature dependence of the intensity of the light emitted by a red-light diode and of the light emitted by a color-converted blue-light LED,
FIG. 2
a basic circuit arrangement with a PTC resistor for generating white mixed light by mixing the light emitted by red LEDs and the color-converted blue LEDs, and with a PTC resistor to compensate for the different temperature dependence of the efficiency of the two types of LED mentioned.
FIG. 3
a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 2 , which uses an NTC resistor instead of the PTC resistor.
FIG. 4
a basic circuit arrangement as in Fig. 3 with the difference that a red LED of the LED chain LED6-10 is interchanged with a blue LED from the LED_chain LED1-5.
FIG. 5
CIE coordinates for different luminous flux of the circuit according to Fig. 4 in Dependence of temperature on the temperature-sensitive NTC resistor

Nachfolgend sollen LEDs, die rotes Licht emittieren (auch als "rote LEDs" bezeichnet), stellvertretend für längerwellige LEDs stehen, während blaues Licht emittierende LEDs (auch als "blaue oder farbkonvertierte blaue LEDs" bezeichnet) stellvertretend für kürzerwellige LEDs stehen.Hereinafter, LEDs that emit red light (also referred to as "red LEDs") are representative of longer wavelength LEDs, while blue light emitting LEDs (also referred to as "blue or color converted blue LEDs") are representative of shorter wavelength LEDs.

Die Grenze bzgl. des Peaks des Spektrums zwischen dem längerwelligen und dem kürzerwelligen Licht kann bspw. bei 500nm liegen.The limit with respect to the peak of the spectrum between the longer-wavelength and the shorter-wavelength light may be, for example, 500 nm.

In Figur 1 ist der natürliche oder unkompensierte Verlauf der Intensität des von roten LEDs emittierten Lichtes in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur (des Halbleiterübergangs) als punktierte Kurve dargestellt (jeweils bei konstantem Strom). Der natürliche Verlauf der Intensität der Intensität des von blauen LEDs emittierten Lichtes ist als durchgehend gezeichnete Kurve dargestellt. Man erkennt, dass beide Kurven mit höherer Temperatur abfallen, wobei jedoch der negative Gradient des Intensitätsverlaufes der roten LEDs größer ist als derjenige des Intensitätsverlaufes der blauen LEDs.In FIG. 1 is the natural or uncompensated course of the intensity of the light emitted by red LEDs light as a function of the temperature (the semiconductor junction) shown as a dotted curve (each with a constant current). The natural course of the intensity of the intensity of the light emitted by blue LEDs is shown as a continuous drawn curve. It can be seen that both curves decrease with higher temperature, but the negative gradient of the intensity profile of the red LEDs is greater than that of the intensity profile of the blue LEDs.

Um aus dem Licht der roten und der blauen (ggf. farbstoffkonvertierten) LED ein weißes Mischlicht erzeugen zu können, dessen Farbort im CIE-Diagramm von der Temperatur weitgehend unabhängig ist, sollten die negativen Gradienten der beiden Intensitätsverläufe weitgehend angeglichen sein. Andernfalls haben Schwankungen der Raum- oder Umgebungstemperatur oder - nach dem Einschalten - Erwärmen des LED-Moduls auf die Betriebstemperatur eine unerwünschte Farbverschiebung des Mischlichtes zur Folge.In order to be able to produce a white mixed light from the light of the red and the blue (possibly color-converted) LED whose color locus in the CIE diagram is largely independent of the temperature, the negative gradients of the two intensity gradients should be largely aligned. Otherwise, fluctuations in the room or ambient temperature or, after switching on, heating of the LED module to the operating temperature result in an undesired color shift of the mixed light.

Die Lösung dieses Problems besteht gemäß der Erfindung in einer schaltungstechnischen Kompensationssteuerung (im Gegensatz zu einer Regelung) des Intensitätsverlaufes des von den roten LEDs emittierten Lichtes derart, dass der negative Gradient des von den roten LEDs emittierten Lichtes abgesenkt wird, so dass er zumindest bis zum Erreichen der Betriebstemperatur etwa parallel zu der Intensitätskurve des von den blauen LEDs emittierten Lichtes verläuft. Der kompensierte Intensitätsverlauf des von den roten LEDs emittierten Lichtes ist als gestrichelte Kurve dargestellt.The solution to this problem is according to the invention in a circuit compensation control (as opposed to a control) of the intensity profile of the light emitted from the red LEDs such that the negative gradient of the light emitted by the red LEDs is lowered so that it at least until Reach the operating temperature is approximately parallel to the intensity curve of the light emitted by the blue LEDs light. The compensated intensity profile of the light emitted by the red LEDs is shown as a dashed curve.

"Schaltungstechnische Steuerung" schließt insbesondere eine Farberfassung mittels Sensor und Rückführsignal aus. Die Erfindung sieht also eine schaltungstechnische Steuerung ohne Regelung mit Rückführsignal vor."Circuit-technical control" excludes in particular a color detection by means of sensor and feedback signal. Thus, the invention provides a circuit control without control with feedback signal.

In Figur 2 ist eine Schaltungsanordnung gezeigt, mit der eine solche Kompensation erreichbar ist. Diese Schaltung kann durch einen vorzugsweise geregelten Konstantstrom gespeist sein, dessen Amplitude der Dimmung der LED-Strecke einstellbar sein kann, bspw. durch Vorgabe eines Sollwerts. Die Schaltung kann bspw. in einem Gehäuse einer Retrofit LED-Lampe aufgenommen sein.In FIG. 2 a circuit arrangement is shown with which such compensation can be achieved. This circuit can be fed by a preferably regulated constant current whose amplitude of the dimming of the LED track can be adjustable, for example by specifying a desired value. The circuit may, for example, be accommodated in a housing of a retrofit LED lamp.

Die Schaltungsanordnung enthält mehrere in Serie geschaltete blaue LEDs, mit LEDS(b) bezeichnet, und mehre ebenfalls in Serie geschaltete rote LEDs, mit LEDs(r) bezeichnet. Zu den LEDs(r) ist ein Bypass-Schaltungszweig parallel geschaltet, der von einem Transistor T und einem Widerstand R1 besteht. Parallel zur Emitter-Basis-Strecke des Transistors T liegt ein Widerstand R2. Dieser bildet mit einem temperatursensitiven Widerstand PTC einen Spannungsteiler, der den Emitter des Transistors mit einer Steuerspannung versorgt. Der temperatursensitive Widerstand PTC hat ein positives Temperatur-Verhalten, d. h. sein Widerstandswert erhöht sich mit der Temperatur und umgekehrt. Der temperatursensitive Widerstand PTC ist in wärmeleitendem Kontakt mit dem Chip bzw. Modul, auf dem mindestens die LEDs(r) angeordnet sind. Auch die LEDs(b) können auf diesem Chip oder Modul angeordnet sein.The circuit arrangement includes a plurality of blue LEDs connected in series, denoted by LEDS (b), and also a plurality of red LEDs connected in series, denoted by LEDs (r). To the LEDs (r), a bypass circuit branch is connected in parallel, which consists of a transistor T and a resistor R1. Parallel to the emitter-base path of the transistor T is a resistor R2. This forms with a temperature-sensitive resistor PTC a voltage divider, the emitter of the transistor with a control voltage provided. The temperature-sensitive resistor PTC has a positive temperature behavior, ie its resistance increases with temperature and vice versa. The temperature-sensitive resistor PTC is in heat-conducting contact with the chip or module on which at least the LEDs (r) are arranged. The LEDs (b) can also be arranged on this chip or module.

Wenn sich bei der Schaltungsanordnung nach Figur 1 die Temperatur auf den Chip oder Modul infolge einer Steigerung der Umgebungstemperatur oder - nach dem Einschalten - durch die Betriebswärme der LEDs erhöht, so erhöht sich auch der Widerstandswert des temperatursensitiven Widerstandes PTC, mit der Folge, dass die Emitter-Basis-Spannung des Transistors erniedrigt wird. Das Ergebnis ist, dass der Transistor zunehmend sperrt, wodurch der über den Bypass fließende Teilstrom des Gesamtstromes reduziert wird. Das bedeutet, dass der durch die LEDs(r) fließende Strom erhöht wird, was dann zu der angestrebten Reduzierung des negativen Gradienten des Intensitätsverlaufs des von den LEDs(r) emittierten Lichtes führt.If in the circuit arrangement after FIG. 1 the temperature on the chip or module due to an increase in ambient temperature or - after switching - increased by the operating heat of the LEDs, so also increases the resistance of the temperature-sensitive resistor PTC, with the result that the emitter-base voltage of the transistor decreases becomes. The result is that the transistor increasingly blocks, reducing the partial current of the total current flowing across the bypass. This means that the current flowing through the LEDs (r) is increased, which then leads to the desired reduction in the negative gradient of the intensity profile of the light emitted by the LEDs (r).

Es versteht sich, dass das Netzwerk zur Erzeugung einer Steuerspannung für den Transistor T auch anders gestaltet werden und beispielsweise mit einem temperatursensitiven Bauelement realisiert werden kann, das ein negatives Temperatur-Verhalten hat.It is understood that the network for generating a control voltage for the transistor T are also designed differently and can be realized for example with a temperature-sensitive device having a negative temperature behavior.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Kompensation des Intensitätsverlaufes des von den LEDs(r) emittierten Lichts besteht darin, dass man die Vorwärtsspannung mindestens einer "roten" LED und/oder mindestens einer "blauen" LED, optional aller LEDs der Kette, bei vorübergehend stabilisiertem Betriebsstrom zur Temperaturmessung heranzieht ("Rot" und "blau" steht nur als Beispiel für den ersten bzw. zweiten Typen). Durch Auswertung der gemessenen Vorwärtsspannung kann man dann einen Steuerparameter zur Erhöhung des Betriebsstroms gewinnen.A further possibility for compensating the intensity profile of the light emitted by the LEDs (r) is that the forward voltage of at least one "red" LED and / or at least one "blue" LED, optionally all LEDs of the chain, with temporarily stabilized operating current Temperature measurement ("red" and "blue" is just an example of the first or second type). By evaluating the measured forward voltage can then win a control parameter to increase the operating current.

Figur 3 zeigt ebenfalls eine Schaltungsanordnung, mit der die oben beschriebene Kompensation erreichbar ist. Die Schaltungsanordnung enthält mehrere in Serie geschaltete blaue LEDs, mit LEDs(b) bezeichnet, und mehrere ebenfalls in Serie geschaltete rote LEDs, mit LEDs(r) bezeichnet. Zu den LEDs(r) ist ein Bypass-Schaltungszweig parallel geschaltet, der aber in dieser Ausführungsform statt eines PTC einen NTC mit einem negativen Temperatur-Verhalten aufweist, d.h. sein Widerstandswert senkt sich mit der Temperatur und umgekehrt. Auch in dieser Ausführungsform befindet sich der temperatursensitive Widerstand NTC in wärmeleitendem Kontakt mit dem Chip bzw. Modul, auf dem mindestens die LEDs(r) angeordnet sind. Auch die LEDs(b) können auf diesem Chip oder Modul angeordnet sein. FIG. 3 also shows a circuit arrangement with which the compensation described above can be achieved. The circuit arrangement includes a plurality of blue LEDs connected in series, denoted by LEDs (b), and a plurality of red LEDs also connected in series, denoted by LEDs (r). To the LEDs (r), a bypass circuit branch is connected in parallel, but in this embodiment instead of a PTC has an NTC with a negative temperature behavior, ie its resistance decreases with temperature and vice versa. Also in this embodiment, the temperature-sensitive resistor NTC is in heat-conducting contact with the chip or module, on which at least the LEDs (r) are arranged. The LEDs (b) can also be arranged on this chip or module.

Die drei Bauteile der Funktionseinheit R1-NTC-R2 versorgen die Basis des Transistors T1 mit temperaturabhängigem Strom und temperaturabhängiger Spannung, wobei der Widerstand R1 mit dem parallel geschalten Widerstand R2 und dem temperatursensitiven Widerstand NTC einen Spannungsteiler zur Versorgung der Basis bildet.The three components of the functional unit R1-NTC-R2 supply the base of the transistor T1 with temperature-dependent current and temperature-dependent voltage, wherein the resistor R1 with the parallel resistor R2 and the temperature-sensitive resistor NTC forms a voltage divider for supplying the base.

Der Widerstand R2 dient dazu, den Strom im tieferen Temperaturbereich zu begrenzen und deformiert so die Stromkennlinie des Seitenstrangs. Mit R1 wird in Abhängigkeit der vorhandenen Spannung ein Seitenstrom zur Versorgung der Transistorbasis und das Spannungslevel eingestellt. Der NTC bewirkt bei hohen Temperaturen das Abschalten des Stroms im Seitenstrang. Bei niederen Temperaturen wirkt die Stromverstärkung des Transistors bei entsprechend geringen Strömen durch den Seitenstrang strombegrenzend.The resistor R2 serves to limit the current in the lower temperature range and thus deforms the current characteristic of the sidestream. With R1, depending on the existing voltage, a side current for supplying the transistor base and the voltage level is set. The NTC causes the current in the sidestream to switch off at high temperatures. At low temperatures, the effect Current amplification of the transistor with correspondingly low currents through the side string current limiting.

Die Funktionseinheit T1-R3-R4 stellt die Stromregeleinheit dar. Der Transistor soll große Ströme schalten. Aus diesem Grund stellt der lineare Stromverstärkungsfaktor eine wesentliche Größe dar.The functional unit T1-R3-R4 represents the current control unit. The transistor is intended to switch large currents. For this reason, the linear current amplification factor is an essential quantity.

Die beiden Widerstände R5 und R6 verursachen bei Temperaturen von 40° bis 20-30° die Strombegrenzung und verbrauchen die meiste Leistung. Aus diesem Grund kann ein Transistor mit geringer Leistung (0,5 W) eingesetzt werden.The two resistors R5 and R6 cause the current limit at temperatures of 40 ° to 20-30 ° and consume the most power. For this reason, a low power transistor (0.5W) can be used.

Die Widerstände haben aber den Nachteil, dass die Dimensionierung ggf. eine große Fläche benötigt. Alternativ kann ein Transistor mit höherer Leistung eingesetzt werden und der Widerstand entweder komplett weggelassen werden oder die Auslegung derart durchgeführt werden, dass keine Strombegrenzung stattfindet und nur ein Teil der Leistung abgetragen wird.However, the resistors have the disadvantage that the dimensioning may require a large area. Alternatively, a higher power transistor can be used and the resistor either omitted entirely or the design performed such that there is no current limiting and only a portion of the power is dissipated.

Figur 4 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel angelehnt an Figur 3, wobei jedoch in der LED-Kette eine rote LED in die Kette der blauen LEDs durch Vertauschen geschaltet ist. FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment ajar FIG. 3 However, in the LED chain, a red LED in the chain of blue LEDs is switched by swapping.

Somit ändert sich das Kompensationsverhältnis der Kompensationsschaltung, da der Kompensationsstrom somit nicht mehr nur noch die roten LEDs betrifft, sondern auch eine blaue LED.Thus, the compensation ratio of the compensation circuit changes, since the compensation current thus no longer concerns only the red LEDs, but also a blue LED.

Es kann somit die Kompensationsschaltung dadurch auf das gewünschte Temperaturverhalten eingestellt werden, dass neben der Widerstandbeschaltung, den Eigenschaften des NTC/PTC und der Transistorverstärkung auch die Anordnung der unterschiedlich farbigen LEDs in dem LED-Strang verändert wird. Dabei kommt es insbesondere darauf an, welche LEDs folgend auf den Abzweigungspunkt für die Kompensationsschaltung vorliegen. Der genannten Weiterbildung folgen also auf den Abzweigungspunkt nicht nur LEDs gleicher Farbe, sondern in dem Reststrang liegt wenigstens eine LED der jeweils anderen Farbe vor.The compensation circuit can thus be set to the desired temperature behavior such that, in addition to the resistance circuit, the properties of the NTC / PTC and the transistor amplification, the arrangement of the different colored LEDs in the LED string is changed. It depends in particular on which LEDs are present following the branch point for the compensation circuit. The aforementioned training thus follow not only LEDs of the same color on the branch point, but in the residual strand is at least one LED of the other color before.

Ein besonderes Anwendungsgebiet für eine derartige temperaturkompensierte Schaltung sind wiederum Retrofit-LED-Lampen.A particular field of application for such a temperature-compensated circuit are again retrofit LED lamps.

Figur 5 zeigt CIE-Farbkoordinaten für unterschiedliche Kompensationsströme in Abhängigkeit der Temperatur TC am temperaturabhängigen Widerstand NTC in 5-Grad-Schritten. Bei einem typischen Temperaturverlauf von 25 Grad bis 85 Grad zeigt sich, dass der Farbort im CIE-Diagramm im Zuge der Erwärmung innerhalb einer vorgegebenen McAdam-Ellipse einer definierten Farbtemperatur (beispielsweise 2700 Kelvin) bleibt. FIG. 5 shows CIE color coordinates for different compensation currents as a function of the temperature TC at the temperature-dependent resistor NTC in 5-degree increments. A typical temperature gradient of 25 degrees to 85 degrees shows that the color locus in the CIE diagram remains within a given McAdam ellipse of a defined color temperature (eg, 2700 Kelvin) as it warms.

Die McAdam-Ellipse zeigt den Toleranzbereich des menschlichen Auges für einen vorgegebenen Punkt im CIE-Diagramm. Weil also durch die Kompensationsschaltung der Farbort innerhalb einer McAdam-Ellipse gehalten werden kann, nimmt das menschliche Auge keine Farbänderung wahr.The McAdam ellipse shows the tolerance range of the human eye for a given point in the CIE diagram. Thus, because the color locus can be held within a McAdam ellipse by the compensation circuit, the human eye does not perceive any color change.

Um diesen Effekt zu erzielen, ist es notwendig, den Kompensationsstrom durch Dimensionierung der Widerstände und/oder Stromverstärkerleistung des Transistors Tl im Kompensationszweig einzustellen und andererseits die LED-Anordnung (Verteilung der roten bzw. der blauen LEDs) wie in Fig. 4 gezeigt entsprechend einzustellen.In order to achieve this effect, it is necessary to adjust the compensation current by dimensioning the resistors and / or current amplifier power of the transistor Tl in the compensation branch and on the other hand the LED arrangement (distribution of the red and the blue LEDs, respectively) Fig. 4 shown adjusted accordingly.

Die Temperaturkompensation funktioniert offensichtlich auch für unterschiedliche Kompensationsströme, wobei jedoch wegen des unterschiedlichen Seitenstroms in Relation zum Gesamtstrom eine Verschiebung Richtung rot bei höheren Strömen stattfindet.The temperature compensation obviously also works for different compensation currents, but due to the different side current in relation to the total current, a shift in the direction of red takes place at higher currents.

Die Kompensation ist bei niederen Temperaturen bis 60° sogar besser als in der Konstellation nach Fig. 3 mit unvertauschten LEDs, aber danach tritt ein sehr starker Shift auf und die Kompensation ist nicht mehr ausreichend. Um hier entgegenzuwirken müsste ein steilerer Abfall bis 75° auf annähernd 0mA Seitenstrom erreicht werden.The compensation is even better at lower temperatures up to 60 ° than in the constellation Fig. 3 with unexchanged LEDs, but after that a very strong shift occurs and the compensation is no longer sufficient. To counteract this, a steeper drop would have to be achieved up to 75 ° to approximately 0mA sidestream.

Claims (10)

  1. A method for operating an LED series, which generates white mixed light with at least two LED types (LED(b), LED(r); LED1-5, LED6-10) of different spectrums, wherein the movement of the color location of the white mixed light, which is caused by the different negative gradients of the temperature dependencies of the intensity of at least two different LED types (LED(b), LED(r); LED1-5, LED6-10), is reduced by means of a compensation of the different negative gradients of the temperature dependencies of the intensity,
    characterized in
    that the movement of the color location is reduced by a bypass-branch circuit (R1, R2, T, PTC; R1-6, T1, NTC) which is passive and connected in parallel to at least one part of the LED series.
  2. An operating circuit for an LED series, which has at least two LED types (LED(b), LED(r); LED1-5, LED6-10) of different spectrums in a series circuit for generating white mixed light,
    having a compensation circuit for reducing the movement of the color location of the white mixed light, which is caused by the different negative gradients of the temperature dependencies of the intensity of at least two different LED types (LED(b), LED(r); LED1-5, LED6-10),
    characterized in
    that the compensation circuit has a bypass-branch circuit (R1, R2, T, PTC; R1-6, T1, NTC) which is passive and connected in parallel to at least one part of the LED series.
  3. An operating circuit according to Claim 2,
    wherein the bypass-branch circuit (R1, R2, T, PTC; R1-6, T1, NTC) has a passive temperature-dependent component (PTC; NTC).
  4. An operating circuit according to Claim 3,
    in which the passive temperature-dependent component (PTC; NTC) is a PTC- and/or a NTC resistor.
  5. An operating circuit according to Claim 2,
    characterized in
    that the PTC resistor and/or the NTC resistor is part of a network (R1, R2, PTC; R1-6, NTC) for controlling a transistor (T; T1), the base-emitter path of which lies in the bypass branch circuit (R1, R2, T, PTC; R1-6, T1, NTC).
  6. An operating circuit according to any one of Claims 2 to 5,
    wherein the bypass branch circuit (R1, R2, T, PTC; R1-6, T1, NTC) is connected in parallel to a part of the LED series, which contains only one type of LED (LED(r)), or which contains a plurality of different LED types (LED(r), LED (b)).
  7. An operating circuit according to any of Claims 2 to 6,
    characterized in
    that a first LED type (LED(r)) is a red, amber-colored, orange, or infra-orange LED.
  8. An operating circuit according to any one of Claims 2 to 7,
    characterized in
    that a second LED type (LED(b)) is a blue-light LED or UV light LED.
  9. An LED module,
    having an operating circuit according to any one of Claims 2 to 8,
    and an LED series supplied by said operating circuit.
  10. An LED lamp, in particular for white light, in particular a retrofit LED lamp, having at least one LED module according to Claim 9.
EP10726063.0A 2009-11-09 2010-06-16 Method and circuit for generating of mixed led light having a predetermined colour Active EP2499881B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102009052390A DE102009052390A1 (en) 2009-11-09 2009-11-09 Method and circuit arrangement for generating mixed LED light of predetermined color
PCT/EP2010/058479 WO2011054547A1 (en) 2009-11-09 2010-06-16 Method and circuit arrangement for producing mixed led light of a predetermined color

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US20120248995A1 (en) 2012-10-04
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US9137871B2 (en) 2015-09-15
WO2011054547A1 (en) 2011-05-12
CN102668699B (en) 2015-09-02

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