EP2399395A1 - Systems and method for enabling fast channel switching - Google Patents
Systems and method for enabling fast channel switchingInfo
- Publication number
- EP2399395A1 EP2399395A1 EP09840500A EP09840500A EP2399395A1 EP 2399395 A1 EP2399395 A1 EP 2399395A1 EP 09840500 A EP09840500 A EP 09840500A EP 09840500 A EP09840500 A EP 09840500A EP 2399395 A1 EP2399395 A1 EP 2399395A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- base layer
- audio
- enhancement layer
- information
- input data
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
- H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs
- H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
- H04N21/234327—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements by decomposing into layers, e.g. base layer and one or more enhancement layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving MPEG packets from an IP network
- H04N21/4383—Accessing a communication channel
- H04N21/4384—Accessing a communication channel involving operations to reduce the access time, e.g. fast-tuning for reducing channel switching latency
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the use of radio access networks to broadcast information (e.g., over a plurality of channels) to a group of potentially interested users. More specifically, an aspect of the present invention relates to systems and methods for enabling a user to switch channels quickly.
- Radio access networks e.g., cellular networks
- broadcast information e.g. audio and/or or video data - such as a TV program
- RANs radio access networks
- broadcasting multiple channels of TV programs it is desirable, from the user's perspective, to be able to switch quickly between channels (i.e., it is desirable that channel switching time is low) .
- radio resources in a cellular network may be shared between broadcast traffic and other types of traffic (e.g. unicast data) , it is important that the radio resources be used in an efficient and flexible manner depending on the current need. For example, there is no need to use radio resources to broadcast a TV channel that no one is watching. On the other hand, it is desirable that such a TV channel be quickly available to users whenever a user desires to tune into the TV channel .
- the invention provides a method for enabling fast channel switching.
- this method includes the following steps: (1) using an audio and/or video (audio/video) encoder to encode audio/video input data to produce an audio/video stream for transmission over a channel, the audio/video stream comprising a base layer of information and one or more enhancement layers of information; (2) creating and transmitting an enhancement layer packet comprising enhancement layer information, the enhancement layer information corresponding to a first temporal unit of the audio/video input data; and (3) creating and transmitting a base layer packet comprising base layer information, the base layer information corresponding to a second temporal unit of the audio/video input data and being decodable by a decoder without reference to any other layer of information to produce reconstructed audio/video data having a first quality, characterized in that the enhancement layer information can be decoded in combination with the base layer information to produce reconstructed audio/video data having a higher quality than the first quality, and the first temporal unit is larger than the second temporal
- the enhancement layer packet is transmitted using a first relative power level and the base layer packet is transmitted using a second relative power level, wherein second power level is greater than the first power level. Additionally, the enhancement layer packet may be transmitted using a first level of error protection efficiency and the base layer packet may be transmitted using a second level of error protection efficiency, wherein the second level of error protection efficiency is less than the first level of error protection efficiency.
- the enhancement layer information is encoded using a first level of source coding efficiency and the base layer information is encoded using a second level of source coding efficiency, wherein the second level of source coding efficiency is less than the first level of source coding efficiency.
- the audio/video input data is arranged in blocks, each block representing a temporal unit of the audio/video input data
- the method may further comprise: creating and transmitting a plurality of base layer packets, each of the plurality of base layer packets consisting essentially of base layer information that corresponds to X blocks of the audio/video input data, where X is greater than or equal to one; and creating and transmitting a plurality of enhancement layer packets, each of the plurality of enhancement layer packets consisting essentially of enhancement layer information that corresponds to Y blocks of the audio/video input data, where Y is greater than X.
- the step of transmitting the plurality of base layer packets comprises transmitting the plurality of base layer packets at a rate of Rb base layer packets per second
- each base layer packet consists essentially of base layer information that corresponds to only a single block of the audio/video input data such that the base layer information consists of an intra-frame (I-frame), and each the enhancement layer packet consists essentially of enhancement layer information that corresponds to multiple blocks of the audio/video input data such that the enhancement layer information comprises a plurality of forward predicted frames (P-frames) and/or bi-directional predicted frames (B- frames) .
- I-frame intra-frame
- each the enhancement layer packet consists essentially of enhancement layer information that corresponds to multiple blocks of the audio/video input data such that the enhancement layer information comprises a plurality of forward predicted frames (P-frames) and/or bi-directional predicted frames (B- frames) .
- the step of transmitting the plurality of enhancement layer packets comprises transmitting an enhancement layer packet consisting essentially of enhancement layer information that corresponds to Y blocks of the audio/video input data
- the step of transmitting the plurality of base layer packets comprises transmitting a base layer packet consisting essentially of base layer information that corresponds to not more than one of the Y blocks of the audio/video input data
- the step of transmitting the base layer packet comprises delaying the base layer packet for at least a certain amount of time and then transmitting the base layer packet.
- the step of delaying the base layer may consist of delaying the base layer packet such that the base layer packet is not transmitted substantially prior to the enhancement layer packet .
- the method also includes the step of adapting the transmission of enhancement layer packets based on information pertaining to user equipments tuned to the channel. For example, the information pertaining to user equipments tuned to the channel indicates that no user equipments are tuned into the channel, and the adapting step comprises: ceasing transmitting enhancement layer packets over the channel but continuing to transmit base layer packets over the channel until receiving information indicating that at least one user equipment has tuned into the channel. In some embodiments, the method also includes the steps of: receiving information indicating that at least one user has tuned into the channel; and resuming the transmission of enhancement layer packets over the channel in response to receiving the information indicating that at least one user has tuned into the channel .
- the steps of transmitting the enhancement layer packet and base layer packet are performed such that a user equipment receiving the enhancement layer packet and the base layer packet will have the enhancement layer information available at the time that the user equipment is decoding the base layer information.
- the size of the temporal unit the enhancement layer information corresponds to may be a function of whether the audio/video input data contains time-critical information.
- the present invention provides an apparatus for enabling fast channel switching.
- the apparatus includes: (1) an audio/video encoder configured to encode audio/video input data to produce an audio/video stream for transmission over a channel, the audio/video stream comprising a base layer of information and one or more enhancement layers of information; and (2) a transmission system configured to (a) create and transmit an enhancement layer packet comprising enhancement layer information, the enhancement layer information corresponding to a first temporal unit of the audio/video input data; and (b) create and transmit a base layer packet comprising base layer information, the base layer information corresponding to a second temporal unit of the audio/video input data and being decodable by a decoder without reference to any other layer of information to produce reconstructed audio/video data having a first quality, characterized in that the enhancement layer information can be decoded in combination with the base layer information to produce reconstructed audio/video data having a higher quality than the first quality, and the first temporal unit is larger than the second temporal unit .
- FIG. 1 illustrates a communication system in which embodiments of the invention may be implemented.
- FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of an encoding and transmission system, according to some embodiments of the invention
- FIG. 3 illustrates a transmission scheme according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a transmission scheme according to another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating a process according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating a process according to another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 7 is a functional block diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 8 is a functional block diagram of a transmission system according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary communication system 100 in which aspects of the present invention may be used.
- the exemplary communication system 100 is a cellular communication system 100 that includes a core network 106 in communication with a base station 104 or other network node.
- Base station 104 may broadcast data to a set of one or more user devices 102 (a.k.a., user equipment (UE) 102) . More specifically, base station 104 may broadcast different audio and/or video (“audio/video”) data (e.g., TV programs or audio/video from live events) over different channels.
- audio/video audio and/or video
- a user of a UE 102 would like to have the ability to change channels quickly. For example, when a user of a UE 102 configures UE 102 to tune into a specific channel (for example, selects a "channel up" button or "channel down” button) , the user of UE 102 would like to be able to receive the program transmitted over the channel without a significant delay. Typically, there is some delay due to the amount of time it takes for a decoder within UE 102 to decode the audio/video data that is being transmitted over the channel.
- FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of an encoding and transmission system 200 ("system 200"), according to some embodiments of the invention, for accomplishing the above goal.
- system 200 utilizes an audio/video encoder 204 to produce an audio/video stream for transmission over a channel. More specifically, audio/video encoder 204 receives audio/video input data 202 and encodes such data 202 such that at least two layers of information are produced: (1) a base layer of information 206 (a.k.a., core layer 206 or base layer 206) and (2) at least one enhancement layer of information 208 (a.k.a., enhancement layer 208) .
- a base layer of information 206 a.k.a., core layer 206 or base layer 206
- enhancement layer of information 208 a.k.a., enhancement layer 208
- base layer information 206 includes sufficient information to enable a decoder to decode the base layer information and produce an output having a relatively low quality
- the enhancement layer information 208 includes information that when decoded together with base layer information 206 produces an output with a relatively higher quality.
- the base layer can be decoded without any enhancement layer information, but not vice-versa.
- An example scalable video codec that produces two or more layers is the MPEG-4 SVC codec. Accordingly, audio/video encoder 204 can be implemented using an MPEG-4 SVC codec. Additionally, information from non-scalable video codecs (e.g., H.264 /AVC (and many others)) can be arranged in layers. Hence, it is contemplated that audio/video encoder 204 may be implemented using any of these non-scalable video codecs.
- An MPEG encoder may encode the input video frames by arranging them in a plurality of group of pictures (GOPs) each containing I-frame, P-frames and B-frames.
- GOPs group of pictures
- the total set of I-frames can be considered as the base layer information 206
- the P- frames and B-frames can make up enhancement layers.
- Each I- frame may be regarded as a temporally sub-sampled version of the set of frames in a GOP of the audio/video input data 202, while the other frame types (P-frame and B-fame) increase temporal resolution and thereby the video quality.
- a transmission system 210 receives base layer information 206 and enhancement layer information 208 and creates and broadcasts base layer packets 211 and enhancement layer packets 213.
- Each base layer packet 211 includes base layer information 206 that corresponds to a temporal unit of the audio/video input data 202.
- each enhancement layer packet 213 includes enhancement layer information 208 that corresponds to a temporal unit of the audio/video input data 202.
- the enhancement layer packet 213 includes enhancement layer information 208 that corresponds to a temporal unit of audio/video input data 202 that is longer than the temporal unit of audio/video input data 202 to which the base layer information 206 in a base layer packet 211 corresponds.
- each base layer packet 211 includes base layer information 206 that corresponds to X temporal units of the audio/video input data 202, wherein each enhancement layer packet 213 includes enhancement layer information 208 that corresponds to M*X temporal units of the audio/video input data 202.
- X is equal to 1 and M is equal to 5.
- base layer information 106 is transmitted in relatively short temporal units (short packets) .
- short packet may comprise just a single I-frame.
- the enhancement layer information (P-frames and/or B- frames) are encoded in larger temporal units, which consequently require longer tune-in time in order to be able to decode them.
- audio/video encoder 204 generates one base layer and two enhancement layers, a first enhancement layer and a second enhancement layer.
- the first enhancement layer includes only the P-frames
- the second enhancement layer includes only the B-frames.
- transmission system 210 such that the P-frames are transmitted in larger temporal units than the I-frames and the B-frames are transmitted in larger temporal units than the P-frames.
- the P-frames i.e., first enhancement layer
- the packets comprising enhancement information may contain frames from several GOPs.
- One benefit of the invention arises from the fact that the enhancement layer (s) can be transmitted more efficiently, due to the channel coding gain enabled by the long data units that can be encoded jointly. As the channel error protection can be much more efficient, less transmission power and hence transmission resources are required. For the user, a significantly accelerated channel switching time can be achieved at a given similar transmission resource consumption. It is expected that the lower quality after the initial tune-in to merely the base layer information will be much more acceptable than relatively long tune-in time.
- the base layer and the enhancement layer are synchronized.
- the base layer and the enhancement layer be synchronized in the embodiment where the enhancement layer packets 213 contain enhancement layer information 208 that corresponds to a temporal unit of audio/video input data 202 that is longer than the temporal unit of audio/video input data 202 to which the base layer information 206 in a base layer packet 211 corresponds. That is, in the embodiment where each enhancement layer packet 213 contains enhancement layer information 208 that corresponds to base layer information 206 in multiple base layer packets 211.
- the desired synchronization is achieved by delaying the transmission of the first base layer packet 211.
- input data 202 consists of a sequence of data blocks 266 (in FIG. 2, three such data blocks are shown), where each data block represents a temporal unit of data.
- each base layer packet 211 contains a single i-frame that corresponds to a single block 266 of audio/video input data 202 and each enhancement layer packet 213 contains P- frames and/or B- frames that correspond to three blocks 266 of audio/video input data 202.
- each enhancement layer packet 213 contains information pertaining to three blocks 266 of audio/video input data 202 and base layer packet 211 contains information pertaining to only a single block 266 of audio/video input data 202
- the amount of time it takes to assemble the enhancement layer information 208 for an enhancement layer packet 213 may be greater than the amount of time it takes to assemble the base layer information 206 for a base layer packet 213. That is, the first base layer packet 211 may be ready to be transmitted well before the first enhancement layer packet 213 is ready to be transmitted.
- synchronization may be achieved by configuring the transmission system 210 to: (i) delay the transmission of the first base layer packet 211 until the time that the first enhancement layer packet 213 is ready to be transmitted, (ii) transmit the first base layer packet 211 at about the same time as transmitting the first enhancement layer packet 213 (e.g., transmitting the base layer packet 211 just before or just after transmitting the enhancement layer packet 213), and (iii) ensure no base layer packet arrives before a corresponding enhancement layer packet (e.g., transmit no more than X base layer packets for each enhancement layer packet that is transmitted, where X is the ratio of the number of blocks of the audio/video input data 202 to which enhancement layer packets 213 pertain to the number of blocks of the audio/video input data 202 to which base layer packets 211 pertain -- in this scenario X equals three (3)) .
- transmission system 210 (1) transmits an enhancement layer packet 213a, which includes information corresponding to the first three blocks of audio/video input data 202 (i.e., blocks Bl, B2 and B3 ) ; (2) then transmits three base layer packets 211a-211c, which include information corresponding to the first three blocks of audio/video input data 202, respectively; and (3) then transmits another enhancement layer packet 213b, which includes information corresponding to the next three blocks of audio/video input data 202.
- transmission system 210 transmits three base layer packets that include information corresponding to the next three blocks of audio/video input data 202, respectively. This process continues. As illustrated in FIG. 3, three base layer packets 211 are transmitted for each enhancement layer packet 213 that is transmitted.
- enhancement layer packets 213 and base layer packets 211 may be transmitted in parallel, as is shown in FIG. 4.
- the advantage of delaying the transmission of base layer packets 211 is to ensure that a block 209 of enhancement layer information 208 that corresponds to a block 207 of base layer information 208 is available when block 207 of base layer information 208 is being decoded in the receiving unit .
- a layered transmission allows for balancing quality and resource consumption in a radio network.
- one possible scenario is to configure the transmission system 210 such that the base layer information 206 can be received throughout an entire cell, while the enhancement layer (s) are available in only part of the cell.
- popular channels can be transmitted with high quality over large parts of the cell (i.e., for popular channels base layer information 206 and enhancement layer information 208 are transmitted) , while for less popular channels, the base layer information 206 has full cell coverage, but the enhancement layer information has limited cell coverage or no cell coverage.
- the coverage of the different layers may be regulated by, for example, adjusting the power assigned to the transmission of the different information layers.
- a feedback channel 280 is utilized.
- Feedback channel 280 is used to inform system 200 of the channels that the UEs 102 are currently receiving and possibly also an indication of the radio reception quality.
- the base layer information 206 for a channel is always transmitted, which allows for fast tune-in times and fast channel switching, but the enhancement layer information 208 for the channel is transmitted if, and only if, there is at least one UE 102 tuned to the channel. Accordingly, in this embodiment, when a UE 102 tunes in a certain channel, the UE 102 informs transmission system 210 via feedback channel 280.
- transmission system 210 may then chose to enhance the quality of the channel by transmitting one or several of the enhancement layers. Hence, no resources are spent on transmitting the enhancement layers for channels that are not used.
- the coverage of the enhancements layers may also be adapted based on the radio quality experienced by the receiving user terminals.
- some embodiments allow for relatively long forward error correction (FEC) blocks for the enhancement layer (s) (e.g. 20 or more) .
- FEC forward error correction
- the enhancement layer (s) can be error protected more efficiently, and consequently, could be transmitted with relatively lower power.
- Error protection efficiency is understood as the degree of robustness of the protection against transmission errors given a certain level of protection. At the same level of protection (e.g., ratio of added redundancy to source information) an error protection method is more efficient than another if it is able to correct/detect more transmission errors, when subjecting the two methods with the same amount of transmission errors .
- the coverage of the enhancement layer would be increased while maintaining the power budget for it. Also, some embodiments allow for longer source coding blocks of the enhancement layer, which in turn may lead to more efficient coding and less required bit rate for a given coding fidelity.
- FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating a process 500 according to an embodiment of the invention.
- Process 500 may be performed by encoding and transmission system 200 (hereafter "system 200") and may begin in step 502.
- system 200 receives audio/video input data 202 for transmission over a channel.
- system 200 uses audio/video encoder 204 to encode the audio/video input data 202 such that at least two layers of information are produced: (1) a base layer of information 206 and at least one enhancement layer of information 208.
- step 506 system 200 creates and transmits an enhancement layer packet 213 containing enhancement layer information 208 corresponding to a first temporal unit of the audio/video input data 202.
- step 508 system 200 creates and transmits a base layer packet 211 containing base layer information 206 corresponding to a second temporal unit of the audio/video input data 202, where the second temporal unit is less than the first temporal unit.
- the base layer information 206 included in a base layer packet 211 can be decoded by a decoder without reference to any enhancement layer information 208 or any other base layer information 206 to produce reconstructed audio/video data having a first quality
- the enhancement layer information 208 included in an enhancement layer packet 213 can be decoded in combination with base layer information 206 to produce reconstructed audio/video data having a higher quality than the first quality.
- system 200 may ensure synchronization of the base and enhancement layers by, for example, delaying the transmission of base layer information 206 such that when UE 102 is decoding a block 207 of base layer information 206, UE 102 will have available to it enhancement layer information 208 that corresponds to the block of base layer information so that UE 102 can produce the higher quality audio/video output.
- FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating a process 600 according to an embodiment of the invention. Process 600 may be performed by system 200 and is almost identical to process 500.
- FIG. 7 is a functional block diagram of system 200 according to some embodiments of the invention.
- system 200 may comprise a data processing system 702 (e.g., one or more microprocessors), a data storage system 706 (e.g., one or more non-volatile storage devices) and computer software 708 stored on the storage system 706.
- Configuration parameters 710 may also be stored in storage system 706.
- System 200 also includes transmit/receive (Tx/Rx) circuitry 704 for transmitting data to and receiving data a network node (e.g., base station 104) , however, it is contemplated that system 200 (or components thereof) may be implemented as part of a base station or other network infrastructure elements like a media server.
- Tx/Rx transmit/receive
- Software 708 is configured such that when processor 702 executes software 708, system 200 performs steps described above (e.g., steps described above with reference to the flow chart shown in FIGs. 5 and 6) .
- software 708 may include: (1) computer instructions for encoding audio/video input data 202 to produce an audio/video stream for transmission over a channel (i.e., a base layer of information 206 and one or more enhancement layers of information 208); (2) computer instructions for creating and transmitting enhancement layer packets 213 comprising enhancement layer information 208; and computer instructions for creating and transmitting base layer packets 211 comprising base layer information 206.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a functional block diagram of transmission system 210 according to some embodiments.
- transmission system 210 may include a packetizer 802 for creating base layer packets 211 and enhancement layer packets 213; a delay buffer 803 for delaying base layer packets 211; a transmitter for transmitting delayed base layer packets 211 and non-delayed enhancement layer packets 213; and a feedback module 806 for receiving feedback information via feedback channel 280 and for adapting transmitter 804 based on the feedback information such that, if no UEs 102 are tuned to a particular channel, then feedback module 806 causes transmitter 804 cease the sending of enhancement layer packets 213 for the particular channel .
- a packetizer 802 for creating base layer packets 211 and enhancement layer packets 213
- delay buffer 803 for delaying base layer packets 211
- transmitter for transmitting delayed base layer packets 211 and non-delayed enhancement layer packets 213
- a feedback module 806 for receiving feedback information via feedback channel 280 and for adapting transmitter 804
- a complication with one or more of the above described embodiments may arise from the fact that the delay which is introduced in the sending side may be unacceptable for live content. For instance, when broadcasting a sporting event (e.g., a football game) it may be unattractive if events like goals can already be know by other users who listen to fm radio. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the system is configured such that aspects of the present invention are applied based on the content of the channel . For time-critical live programs the extra delay used for coding the enhancement layer could be smaller or completely be skipped. This compromises the efficiency of the error protection scheme and would need to be compensated by raising the transmission power level. In contrast, for non-time-critical programs like movies, shows, etc. extra delay in the sending side would be irrelevant and aspects invention could be applied as described above.
Abstract
Description
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PCT/SE2009/050162 WO2010095984A1 (en) | 2009-02-17 | 2009-02-17 | Systems and method for enabling fast channel switching |
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WO2016003221A1 (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2016-01-07 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Signal multiplexing device and signal multiplexing method using layered division multiplexing |
KR102366988B1 (en) | 2014-07-03 | 2022-02-25 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Apparatus for multiplexing signals using layered division multiplexing and method using the same |
KR102378065B1 (en) | 2014-07-09 | 2022-03-25 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Apparatus for transmitting broadcasting signal using layered division multiplexing and method using the same |
WO2016006878A1 (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2016-01-14 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Apparatus for transmitting broadcast signal and method for transmitting broadcast signal using layered division multiplexing |
KR102581186B1 (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2023-09-21 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Electronic device and controlling method of electronic device |
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FI114527B (en) * | 2002-01-23 | 2004-10-29 | Nokia Corp | Grouping of picture frames in video encoding |
US6996173B2 (en) * | 2002-01-25 | 2006-02-07 | Microsoft Corporation | Seamless switching of scalable video bitstreams |
KR100713435B1 (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2007-05-07 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Apparatus for supporting multi data rate in mobile communication system and method thereof |
US7283589B2 (en) * | 2003-03-10 | 2007-10-16 | Microsoft Corporation | Packetization of FGS/PFGS video bitstreams |
AU2006201490B2 (en) * | 2005-04-19 | 2008-05-22 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for adaptively selecting context model for entropy coding |
US20070230564A1 (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2007-10-04 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Video processing with scalability |
JP2009010649A (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2009-01-15 | Sharp Corp | Scalable video stream decoding apparatus and scalable video stream creation apparatus |
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2009
- 2009-02-17 WO PCT/SE2009/050162 patent/WO2010095984A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-02-17 EP EP09840500.4A patent/EP2399395A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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EP2399395A4 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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