EP2377804B1 - Mobile crane, in particular mobile construction crane - Google Patents

Mobile crane, in particular mobile construction crane Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2377804B1
EP2377804B1 EP20110002601 EP11002601A EP2377804B1 EP 2377804 B1 EP2377804 B1 EP 2377804B1 EP 20110002601 EP20110002601 EP 20110002601 EP 11002601 A EP11002601 A EP 11002601A EP 2377804 B1 EP2377804 B1 EP 2377804B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lifting
lowering device
ballast
uppercarriage
mobile crane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20110002601
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2377804A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Aßfalg
Norbert Stanger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Liebherr Werk Biberach GmbH
Original Assignee
Liebherr Werk Biberach GmbH
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Publication of EP2377804A1 publication Critical patent/EP2377804A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B66C23/74—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/34—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mobile crane, in particular a mobile construction crane, with an undercarriage with chassis and a rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation superstructure, wherein the undercarriage lifting and / or lowering device is arranged.
  • a mobile crane according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from US 3,822,791 known.
  • ballast element can be provided in such mobile cranes, which can be arranged on demand on the superstructure. Due to the permissible axle loads, this ballast element may not remain on the device during road trips in many markets. The ballast element is therefore usually transported during road travel on a separate transport vehicle and placed only at the place of installation on the superstructure.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a mobile crane available, which allows easier installation of the ballast element, which is advantageously possible without the use of an additional lifting device.
  • this object is achieved by a mobile crane according to claim 1.
  • the mobile crane according to the invention comprises an undercarriage with chassis and a rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation superstructure, wherein the undercarriage lifting and / or lowering device is arranged and the upper carriage at least one ballast element can be arranged, which is transportable during road travel on a separate transport vehicle.
  • the mobile crane according to the invention is a mobile construction crane.
  • the ballast element can be mounted on the lifting and / or lowering device and mounted using the lifting and / or lowering device on the superstructure.
  • the ballast element can thus be mounted on the arranged on the undercarriage lifting and / or lowering device.
  • an existing anyway on the mobile crane lifting and / or lowering device can now also be used for mounting the ballast element.
  • ballast element on the superstructure by lowering the lifting and / or lowering device can be attached.
  • the ballast element is fastened to the superstructure so that it forms the rear end of the upper carriage in its mounted position.
  • the length of the rear of the superstructure is increased by attaching the ballast element.
  • the ballast element can advantageously be arranged on the mobile crane itself on the lifting and / or lowering device, so that no further lifting device is needed.
  • an adapter is arranged on the lifting and / or lowering device, via which the ballast element on the lifting and / or lowering device is receivable.
  • an already existing lifting and / or lowering device for receiving the ballast element can thus be equipped via this adapter.
  • the ballast element is thereby held positively on the adapter.
  • the ballast element can be hooked to the adapter.
  • the adapter comprises a support arm, which is pivotally mounted on the lifting and / or lowering device and can be folded from a transport position into a working position.
  • the ballast element is arranged on the lifting and / or lowering device by the mobile crane itself. Then the superstructure is rotated by 180 °, so that the ballast element can now be attached by lowering the lifting and / or lowering device at the rear of the superstructure.
  • the ballast element is attachable to the rear of the superstructure, in particular by attaching to a base ballast, which remains firmly on the superstructure.
  • the lifting and / or lowering device is arranged at the rear of the undercarriage.
  • the lifting and / or lowering device is mounted on the rear rear wall of the undercarriage.
  • the lifting and / or lowering device can serve as underride protection for the stored on the superstructure crane parts when driving on the road, which protrude beyond the rear of the undercarriage to the rear.
  • the lifting and / or lowering device at its rear end on a collision protection can serve as underride protection for the stored on the superstructure crane parts when driving on the road, which protrude beyond the rear of the undercarriage to the rear.
  • the lifting and / or lowering device may have a loading surface on which objects can be stored.
  • the lifting and / or lowering device is a device carrier with which devices can be transported on the mobile crane.
  • the lifting and / or lowering device can be lowered to the ground in such a way that devices can be loaded onto the loading surface, and then raised for transport by a certain distance.
  • the lifting and / or lowering device in this case has a maximum stroke between 10 cm and 1.50 m, more advantageously between 30 cm and 1 m, further advantageously between 50 cm and 60 cm.
  • the lifting and / or lowering device can have an arbitrarily designed lifting drive.
  • at least one hydraulic cylinder can be used as a lifting drive.
  • the raisable and / or lowerable kinematics can be designed as a linkage kinematics, in particular as a double articulated kinematics. Alternatively, however, a linear guided movement is possible.
  • the loading surface of the lifting and / or lowering device can be folded to reduce the length of the undercarriage.
  • the mobile crane according to the invention is advantageously a mobile construction crane.
  • a mobile construction crane has at least one tower element, which is arranged erectile on the superstructure, and a boom arranged on the tower. In the erected state, the mobile construction crane can therefore be used as a tower crane.
  • the mobile crane has several tower elements which can be telescoped apart.
  • the boom is articulated.
  • the boom can consist of several boom elements, which are arranged hinged together.
  • the mobile construction crane according to the invention can erect itself at the installation site.
  • the present invention further comprises a ballast element for a mobile crane as set forth above.
  • the ballast element has means for positive connection with a lifting and / or lowering device or an adapter arranged thereon.
  • the ballast element has at least one support arm on which a downwardly directed securing pin is arranged. The securing pins engage in a recess on the top of the ballast.
  • ballast element on the superstructure by lowering the lifting and / or lowering device can be attached.
  • the ballast element is fastened to the superstructure so that it forms the rear end of the upper carriage in its mounted position.
  • the length of the rear of the superstructure is increased by attaching the ballast element.
  • a base crane is initially set up at the place of installation, which is suitable with its base ballast to lift the ballast element on the crane hook from a transport vehicle and to arrange on the lifting and / or lowering device.
  • the superstructure is rotated in the process of the invention after placing the ballast element on the lifting and / or lowering by 180 °, after which the ballast element is attached by lowering the lifting and / or lowering device at the rear of the superstructure.
  • the ballast element is attached to a base ballast of the mobile crane.
  • the assembly of the ballast element can be done without the use of a separate lifting device.
  • the lifting and / or lowering device can also be used to raise the ballast element by a certain distance in a waiting position before turning the upper carriage.
  • the ballast element can already be lifted by the mobile crane itself in the desired waiting position.
  • the present invention further comprises a method for dismantling a mobile crane, which runs correspondingly reversed.
  • the lifting and / or lowering device is used to lift the ballast element from the rear of the superstructure. Then the superstructure can be rotated by 180 ° to raise the ballast element on the crane hook and store it on a transport vehicle.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 Now is an embodiment of a mobile crane according to the invention in a transport position and to see in a working position.
  • this is a mobile construction crane, ie a tower crane, which is movable.
  • the tower crane has a movable over a trolley along the boom crane hook.
  • the mobile crane according to the invention in this case has an undercarriage with a chassis with several tires 3 tires. Furthermore, the undercarriage has a driver's cab 4 on its front side.
  • a superstructure 2 which carries the crane superstructures 5, is arranged rotatably about the vertical axis of rotation 13.
  • the undercarriage 1 can be supported via support elements 19 at the installation site.
  • FIG. 4 To recognize the mobile crane while in its front area and at the rear Abstützhimsten from which sliding beams can be pushed out with support cylinders at their ends.
  • the tower is pivoted about a horizontal axis of rotation.
  • the tower comprises two tower elements 6 and 7, wherein the tower element 7 can be inserted into the tower element for transport.
  • the boom is hinged about a horizontal pivot axis 18 pivotally.
  • the boom consists of three boom segments 9, 10 and 11, which are pivotally hinged to each other about horizontal pivot axes.
  • a bracing 12 is provided with guy supports 16 and 17, which tensions the boom.
  • the bracing is backward via a variable-length stranding 15 with the rear part of the superstructure in combination. There, a winch is arranged, over which the stranding 15 can be changed in length.
  • the mobile crane can erect itself automatically at the place of installation without the need for additional lifting devices.
  • the setup phase is in FIG. 3 shown.
  • the undercarriage is first supported. Thereupon becomes the tower erected from the horizontal in the vertical.
  • the upper tower element 7 is telescoped out of the lower tower element 6. Now the boom is unfolded by using the brace 12 by shortening the stranding 15 in its horizontal position.
  • the undercarriage of the mobile crane according to the invention on the rear side a lifting and lowering device 30, which is designed here as a device carrier.
  • the lifting and lowering device has a loading area 30, on which devices can be transported.
  • a lifting drive 31 is provided, via which the lifting and lowering device for Aufnahe of equipment can be lowered to the ground and can be raised for transport.
  • the lifting and lowering device is arranged on the rear rear wall 32 of the undercarriage, ie on the rear Schiebeholmkasten.
  • the lifting and lowering device 30 is therefore designed simultaneously as an underrun protection device, wherein the loading area ends with a bumper and extends substantially as far to the rear, as the crane body.
  • FIG. 4 shows the mobile crane according to the invention in the transport state in a plan view, but already the sliding beams have been extended. Furthermore, in addition to the axis of rotation 13 of the superstructure and the radius of rotation 21 of the superstructure is located.
  • the boom and the male load ballast is arranged at the rear end of the superstructure.
  • a base ballast 20 is provided in the embodiment, which always remains on the uppercarriage.
  • ballast element 50 is now provided according to the invention, which, however, in many markets due to the permissible axle loads can not remain on the mobile crane when driving on the road.
  • the additional ballast must therefore be transported on an additional transport vehicle to the installation site of the mobile crane.
  • this additional ballast can now be mounted on the superstructure on the superstructure without an additional lifting device.
  • the additional ballast is lifted over the already erected mobile crane from the transport vehicle and arranged on the lifting and lowering device 30, which has a corresponding adapter for this purpose.
  • the additional ballast is attached to the crane hook 23 of the mobile crane and transported to the lifting and lowering device 30.
  • the corresponding hook position for discharging the additional ballast on the lifting and lowering device 30 is in FIG. 2 denoted by the position 70.
  • the additional ballast 50 can now be mounted on the lifting and lowering device on the superstructure.
  • the superstructure is first rotated by 180 °, so that the rear of the superstructure is positioned at the rear of the undercarriage and thus in the area of the lifting and lowering device.
  • the additional ballast 50 can now be attached to the rear of the superstructure, especially the bottom ballast.
  • the lifting and lowering device 30 which is arranged on the lower part of the rear end 32, will now be described again with reference to FIG FIG. 5 described in more detail.
  • the lifting and lowering device 30 in this case has a loading area 34, on which devices can be parked.
  • the loading area 34 in this case has a vertically arranged support arm, which is articulated via a parallel-link arrangement 35 on the undercarriage rear 32.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 36 is provided, via which the lifting and lowering device 30 can be lowered and lifted. Due to the parallel link arrangement, the lifting and lowering device can be raised and lowered without their orientation being changed.
  • an adapter 40 is now arranged according to the invention, which can safely accommodate the additional ballast, so that it can be raised or lowered via the lifting and lowering device 30.
  • the adapter 40 in this case is two support arms, which from a transport position, as in FIG. 5 is shown in the in FIG. 6 shown working position can be folded up and secured in this.
  • the support arms 40 each have a positive connection element 41 for connection to the additional ballast 50.
  • the additional ballast 50 can be placed on the connecting elements 41 and is held in a form-fitting manner by these.
  • the crane now lifts its additional ballast 50 onto the adapter 40, where it is held in a positive and secure manner.
  • the discontinuation of the additional ballast on the adapter is possible with minimal outreach of the crane.
  • Adapter and additional ballast are now lifted by the lifting and lowering device by means of the handlebar kinematics hydraulically in the right waiting position. Alternatively, the lifting device can also be moved from the beginning into the correct position, as in FIG. 6 is shown.
  • the additional ballast 50 in this case has a support arm 51, which now extends over the base ballast 20 forward.
  • a downwardly directed securing pin 52 is arranged on the support arm 51.
  • the base ballast has on its upper side a corresponding recess for the securing pin 52.
  • the additional ballast 50 is now attached to the base ballast and simultaneously positively locked via the securing pin 52.
  • the additional ballast 50 now hangs safely on the base ballast 20, as in FIG. 8 is shown.
  • the adapter 40 is now released from the additional ballast 50 and can be folded again.
  • the crane can now be used with the additional load capacity increased by the additional ballast.
  • the kinematics of the lifting and lowering device, the design of the adapter and the suspension of the additional ballast on the ballast must be coordinated accordingly.
  • the entire arrangement of lifting and lowering device, adapter, additional ballast and superstructure can be designed so that the parallel link arrangement in the waiting position, in which the rear of the superstructure is driven under the arm of the additional ballast, in a horizontal or backward and down inclined position.
  • This has the consequence that in a further lowering of the lifting and lowering device for attaching the additional ballast this is moved not only downwards, but also forward to the rear of the superstructure and the basic ballast arranged there.
  • Such a kinematics has the advantage that the front side of the additional ballast 50 can rest directly on the rear side of the uppercarriage rear or the basic ballast 20 arranged there.
  • the decrease of the additional ballast for road transport is not shown in detail in the figures.
  • the decrease is, however, as shown above in the assembly in reverse order.
  • the additional ballast is thus lifted by the lifting and lowering device via the adapter 40 until the superstructure under the additional ballast can turn away.
  • the crane is now used to lift the additional ballast from the lifting and lowering device and load on a transport vehicle.
  • the adapter can now be folded back into its transport position in order not to collide with the Aufstellkurve of the crane.
  • the other dismantling of the crane is then as usual in known mobile cranes.
  • the present invention thus describes a solution driven by the undercarriage, which is used in conjunction with the rotational movement of the superstructure for attaching the ballast.
  • the raised and lowered kinematics at the rear of the vehicle is used.
  • a linkage kinematics was used here.
  • the present invention could also be realized via a linearly guided movement.
  • the present invention provides a systematic process for attaching or detaching the ballast element to the superstructure.
  • Here can be used in mobile cranes according to the invention usually already existing facilities and orientations largely.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Mobilkran, insbesondere einen Mobilbaukran, mit einem Unterwagen mit Fahrgestell und einem um eine vertikale Drehachse drehbaren Oberwagen, wobei am Unterwagen eine Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung angeordnet ist. Ein Mobilkran gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist aus der US 3 822 791 bekannt.The present invention relates to a mobile crane, in particular a mobile construction crane, with an undercarriage with chassis and a rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation superstructure, wherein the undercarriage lifting and / or lowering device is arranged. A mobile crane according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from US 3,822,791 known.

Zur Tragkraftsteigerung kann bei solchen Mobilkranen ein zusätzliches Ballastelement vorgesehen sein, welches bei Bedarf am Oberwagen angeordnet werden kann. In vielen Märkten darf dieses Ballastelement aufgrund der zulässigen Achslasten nicht bei Straßenfahrten am Gerät verbleiben. Das Ballastelement wird daher während der Straßenfahrt üblicherweise auf einem separaten Transportfahrzeug transportiert und erst am Aufstellort am Oberwagen angeordnet.To increase the carrying capacity, an additional ballast element can be provided in such mobile cranes, which can be arranged on demand on the superstructure. Due to the permissible axle loads, this ballast element may not remain on the device during road trips in many markets. The ballast element is therefore usually transported during road travel on a separate transport vehicle and placed only at the place of installation on the superstructure.

Hierfür wird bei bekannten Mobilkranen ein zusätzliches Hebegerät benötigt, mit welchem das Ballastelement auf der Baustelle am Oberwagen angehängt bzw. für die Straßenfahrt wieder abgenommen wird.For this purpose, an additional lifting device is required in known mobile cranes, with which the ballast element attached to the construction site on the superstructure or removed again for driving on the road.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Mobilkran zur Verfügung zu stellen, welcher eine einfachere Montage des Ballastelementes ermöglicht, welche vorteilhafterweise ohne die Verwendung eines zusätzlichen Hebegerätes möglich ist.Object of the present invention is to provide a mobile crane available, which allows easier installation of the ballast element, which is advantageously possible without the use of an additional lifting device.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch einen Mobilkran gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a mobile crane according to claim 1.

Der erfindungsgemäße Mobilkran umfasst dabei einen Unterwagen mit Fahrgestell sowie einen um eine vertikale Drehachse drehbaren Oberwagen, wobei am Unterwagen eine Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung angeordnet ist und am Oberwagen mindestens ein Ballastelement anordenbar ist, welches während der Straßenfahrt auf einem separaten Transportfahrzeug transportierbar ist. Insbesondere handelt es sich bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Mobilkran um einen Mobilbaukran. Erfindungsgemäß ist dabei vorgesehen, dass das Ballastelement an der Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung anordenbar und unter Verwendung der Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung am Oberwagen montierbar ist. Das Ballastelement kann damit über die am Unterwagen angeordnete Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung montiert werden. Insbesondere kann dadurch eine ohnehin am Mobilkran vorhandene Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung nun auch zur Montage des Ballastelementes eingesetzt werden.The mobile crane according to the invention comprises an undercarriage with chassis and a rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation superstructure, wherein the undercarriage lifting and / or lowering device is arranged and the upper carriage at least one ballast element can be arranged, which is transportable during road travel on a separate transport vehicle. In particular, the mobile crane according to the invention is a mobile construction crane. According to the invention it is provided that the ballast element can be mounted on the lifting and / or lowering device and mounted using the lifting and / or lowering device on the superstructure. The ballast element can thus be mounted on the arranged on the undercarriage lifting and / or lowering device. In particular, an existing anyway on the mobile crane lifting and / or lowering device can now also be used for mounting the ballast element.

Weiterhin ist das Ballastelement am Oberwagen durch Absenken der Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung anhängbar.Furthermore, the ballast element on the superstructure by lowering the lifting and / or lowering device can be attached.

Vorteilhafterweise ist das Ballastelement dabei so am Oberwagen befestigbar, dass es in seiner montierten Stellung das hintere Ende des Oberwagens bildet. Dabei wird die Länge des Hecks des Oberwagens durch Anhängen des Ballastelementes vergrößert.Advantageously, the ballast element is fastened to the superstructure so that it forms the rear end of the upper carriage in its mounted position. The length of the rear of the superstructure is increased by attaching the ballast element.

Dabei kann das Ballastelement vorteilhafterweise über den Mobilkran selbst an der Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung angeordnet werden, so dass keine weitere Hebevorrichtung benötigt wird.In this case, the ballast element can advantageously be arranged on the mobile crane itself on the lifting and / or lowering device, so that no further lifting device is needed.

Vorteilhafterweise ist dabei an der Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung ein Adapter angeordnet, über welchen das Ballastelement an der Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung aufnehmbar ist. Über diesen Adapter kann damit insbesondere eine ohnehin bereits vorhandene Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung zur Aufnahme des Ballastelementes ausgerüstet werden.Advantageously, an adapter is arranged on the lifting and / or lowering device, via which the ballast element on the lifting and / or lowering device is receivable. In particular an already existing lifting and / or lowering device for receiving the ballast element can thus be equipped via this adapter.

Vorteilhafterweise wird das Ballastelement dabei formschlüssig am Adapter gehalten. Hierdurch ist eine sichere Aufnahme und Bewegung des Ballastelementes über die Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung möglich. Vorteilhafterweise kann das Ballastelement dabei an dem Adapter eingehängt werden.Advantageously, the ballast element is thereby held positively on the adapter. As a result, a secure recording and movement of the ballast element over the lifting and / or lowering device possible. Advantageously, the ballast element can be hooked to the adapter.

In weiterhin vorteilhafterweise umfasst der Adapter dabei einen Tragarm, welcher schwenkbar an der Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung befestigt ist und von einer Transportstellung in eine Arbeitsstellung ausklappbar ist.In a further advantageous embodiment, the adapter comprises a support arm, which is pivotally mounted on the lifting and / or lowering device and can be folded from a transport position into a working position.

Vorteilhafterweise wird das Ballastelement an der Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung durch den Mobilkran selbst angeordnet. Daraufhin wird der Oberwagen um 180° gedreht, so dass das Ballastelement nun durch Absenken der Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung am Heck des Oberwagens angehängt werden kann.Advantageously, the ballast element is arranged on the lifting and / or lowering device by the mobile crane itself. Then the superstructure is rotated by 180 °, so that the ballast element can now be attached by lowering the lifting and / or lowering device at the rear of the superstructure.

Vorteilhafterweise ist das Ballastelement dabei am Heck des Oberwagens befestigbar, insbesondere durch Anhängen an einen Grundballast, welcher fest am Oberwagen verbleibt.Advantageously, the ballast element is attachable to the rear of the superstructure, in particular by attaching to a base ballast, which remains firmly on the superstructure.

Vorteilhafterweise ist die Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung am Heck des Unterwagens angeordnet. Insbesondere ist dabei die Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung an der hinteren Rückwand des Unterwagens montiert.Advantageously, the lifting and / or lowering device is arranged at the rear of the undercarriage. In particular, the lifting and / or lowering device is mounted on the rear rear wall of the undercarriage.

Dabei kann die Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung bei der Straßenfahrt als Unterfahrschutz für die auf dem Oberwagen abgelegten Kranteile dienen, welche über das Heck des Unterwagens nach hinten hinausragen. Vorteilhafterweise weist die Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung dabei an ihrem hinteren Ende einen Auffahrschutz auf.In this case, the lifting and / or lowering device can serve as underride protection for the stored on the superstructure crane parts when driving on the road, which protrude beyond the rear of the undercarriage to the rear. Advantageously, the lifting and / or lowering device at its rear end on a collision protection.

Weiterhin kann die Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung eine Ladefläche aufweisen, auf welcher Gegenstände abgelegt werden können. Insbesondere handelt es sich dabei bei der Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung um einen Geräteträger, mit welchem Geräte am Mobilkran transportiert werden können. Vorteilhafterweise ist die Hebe-und/oder Senkvorrichtung dabei so auf den Boden absenkbar, dass Geräte auf die Ladefläche geladen werden können, und dann für den Transport um eine gewisse Strecke anhebbar.Furthermore, the lifting and / or lowering device may have a loading surface on which objects can be stored. In particular, the lifting and / or lowering device is a device carrier with which devices can be transported on the mobile crane. Advantageously, the lifting and / or lowering device can be lowered to the ground in such a way that devices can be loaded onto the loading surface, and then raised for transport by a certain distance.

Vorteilhafterweise weist die Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung dabei einen maximalen Hubweg zwischen 10 cm und 1,50 m, weiterhin vorteilhafterweise zwischen 30 cm und 1 m, weiterhin vorteilhafterweise zwischen 50 cm und 60 cm auf.Advantageously, the lifting and / or lowering device in this case has a maximum stroke between 10 cm and 1.50 m, more advantageously between 30 cm and 1 m, further advantageously between 50 cm and 60 cm.

Die Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung kann dabei einen beliebig ausgeführten Hubantrieb aufweisen. Insbesondere kann dabei mindestens ein Hydraulikzylinder als Hubantrieb eingesetzt werden. Die heb- und/oder senkbare Kinematik kann dabei als Lenkerkinematik ausgeführt sein, insbesondere als Doppellenkerkinematik. Alternativ ist jedoch auch eine linear geführte Bewegung möglich.The lifting and / or lowering device can have an arbitrarily designed lifting drive. In particular, at least one hydraulic cylinder can be used as a lifting drive. The raisable and / or lowerable kinematics can be designed as a linkage kinematics, in particular as a double articulated kinematics. Alternatively, however, a linear guided movement is possible.

Weiterhin kann die Ladefläche der Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung einklappbar sein, um die Länge des Unterwagens zu verringern.Furthermore, the loading surface of the lifting and / or lowering device can be folded to reduce the length of the undercarriage.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Mobilkran handelt es sich vorteilhafterweise um einen Mobilbaukran. Ein solcher Mobilbaukran weist mindestens ein Turmelement auf, welches aufrichtbar am Oberwagen angeordnet ist, sowie einen am Turm angeordneten Ausleger. Im aufgerichteten Zustand kann der Mobilbaukran daher als Turmdrehkran eingesetzt werden. Vorteilhafterweise weist der Mobilkran dabei mehrere Turmelemente auf, welche auseinander austeleskopierbar sind.The mobile crane according to the invention is advantageously a mobile construction crane. Such a mobile construction crane has at least one tower element, which is arranged erectile on the superstructure, and a boom arranged on the tower. In the erected state, the mobile construction crane can therefore be used as a tower crane. Advantageously, the mobile crane has several tower elements which can be telescoped apart.

Am obersten Turmelement ist vorteilhafterweise der Ausleger gelenkig angeordnet. Der Ausleger kann dabei aus mehreren Auslegerelementen bestehen, welche klappbar aneinander angeordnet sind.At the top tower element advantageously the boom is articulated. The boom can consist of several boom elements, which are arranged hinged together.

Vorteilhafterweise kann sich der erfindungsgemäße Mobilbaukran dabei am Aufstellort selbsttätig aufrichten.Advantageously, the mobile construction crane according to the invention can erect itself at the installation site.

Bei der vorliegenden Erfindung können damit die ohnehin bei Mobilbaukranen vorhandenen Einrichtungen bzw. Ausrichtungen genutzt werden, um ohne den Einsatz einer zusätzlichen Hebevorrichtung Ballast, insbesondere Zusatzballast, am Oberwagen anzuordnen. Die hierfür notwendigen Zusatzeinrichtungen beschränken sich dabei auf einen Adapter, welcher an der Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung angeordnet wird.In the present invention can thus be used anyway existing in mobile construction equipment or alignments to order without the use of an additional lifting ballast, especially additional ballast on the superstructure. The additional equipment required for this purpose are limited to an adapter which is arranged on the lifting and / or lowering device.

Die vorliegende Erfindung umfasst weiterhin ein Ballastelement für einen Mobilkran, wie er oben dargestellt wurde. Insbesondere weist das Ballastelement dabei Mittel zur formschlüssigen Verbindung mit einer Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung bzw. einen an diesen angeordneten Adapter auf. Das Ballastelement weist mindestens einen Tragarm auf, an welchem ein nach unten gerichter Sicherungszapfen angeordnet ist. Dabei greifen die Sicherungszapfen in eine Ausnehmung auf der Oberseite des Grundballastes ein.The present invention further comprises a ballast element for a mobile crane as set forth above. In particular, the ballast element has means for positive connection with a lifting and / or lowering device or an adapter arranged thereon. The ballast element has at least one support arm on which a downwardly directed securing pin is arranged. The securing pins engage in a recess on the top of the ballast.

Neben dem Mobilkran umfasst die vorliegende Erfindung weiterhin ein Verfahren zum Aufbau eines Mobilkrans an einem Aufstellort. Insbesondere wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren dabei zum Aufbau eines Mobilkrans eingesetzt, wie er oben beschrieben wurde. Das Verfahren dient dabei zum Aufbau eines Mobilkrans mit einem Unterwagen mit Fahrgestell und einem um eine vertikale Drehachse drehbaren Oberwagen, wobei am Unterwagen eine Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung angeordnet ist. Das Verfahren umfasst die Schritte:

  • Transport eines Ballastelementes auf einem separaten Transportfahrzeug zum Aufstellort,
  • Anordnung des Ballastelementes an der Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung, insbesondere unter Verwendung des Mobilkrans und
  • Montieren des Ballastelementes am Oberwagen unter Verwendung der Hebe-und/oder Senkvorrichtung.
In addition to the mobile crane, the present invention further comprises a method for setting up a mobile crane at a place of installation. In particular, the method according to the invention is used to construct a mobile crane, as described above. The method is used to build a mobile crane with an undercarriage with chassis and one about a vertical axis of rotation rotatable uppercarriage, wherein on the undercarriage a lifting and / or lowering device is arranged. The method comprises the steps:
  • Transport of a ballast element on a separate transport vehicle to the installation site,
  • Arrangement of the ballast element on the lifting and / or lowering device, in particular using the mobile crane and
  • Mount the ballast element on the superstructure using the lifting and / or lowering device.

Weiterhin ist das Ballastelement am Oberwagen durch Absenken der Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung anhängbar.Furthermore, the ballast element on the superstructure by lowering the lifting and / or lowering device can be attached.

Vorteilhafterweise ist das Ballastelement dabei so am Oberwagen befestigbar, dass es in seiner montierten Stellung das hintere Ende des Oberwagens bildet. Dabei wird die Länge des Hecks des Oberwagens durch Anhängen des Ballastelementes vergrößert.Advantageously, the ballast element is fastened to the superstructure so that it forms the rear end of the upper carriage in its mounted position. The length of the rear of the superstructure is increased by attaching the ballast element.

Vorteilhafterweise wird dabei am Aufstellort zunächst ein Grundkran aufgebaut, welcher mit seinem Grundballast geeignet ist, das Ballastelement über den Kranhaken von einem Transportfahrzeug abzuheben und an der Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung anzuordnen.Advantageously, a base crane is initially set up at the place of installation, which is suitable with its base ballast to lift the ballast element on the crane hook from a transport vehicle and to arrange on the lifting and / or lowering device.

Vorteilhafterweise wird dabei im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren der Oberwagen nach dem Anordnen des Ballastelementes an der Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung um 180° gedreht, woraufhin das Ballastelement durch Absenken der Hebe-und/oder Senkvorrichtung am Heck des Oberwagens angehängt wird. Insbesondere wird das Ballastelement dabei an einem Grundballast des Mobilkrans angehängt.Advantageously, the superstructure is rotated in the process of the invention after placing the ballast element on the lifting and / or lowering by 180 °, after which the ballast element is attached by lowering the lifting and / or lowering device at the rear of the superstructure. In particular, the ballast element is attached to a base ballast of the mobile crane.

Damit kann die Montage des Ballastelementes ohne Einsatz einer separaten Hebevorrichtung erfolgen. Gegebenenfalls kann die Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung auch eingesetzt werden, um vor dem Drehen des Oberwagens das Ballastelement um eine gewisse Strecke in eine Warteposition anzuheben. Das Ballastelement kann jedoch bereits vom Mobilkran selbst in die gewünschte Warteposition gehoben werden.Thus, the assembly of the ballast element can be done without the use of a separate lifting device. Optionally, the lifting and / or lowering device can also be used to raise the ballast element by a certain distance in a waiting position before turning the upper carriage. However, the ballast element can already be lifted by the mobile crane itself in the desired waiting position.

Entscheidend ist daher, dass die Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung nach dem Drehen der Drehbühne zum Absenken des Grundballastes eingesetzt wird, da dies offensichtlich nicht durch den Kranhaken des Mobilkrans selbst erfolgen kann.It is therefore crucial that the lifting and / or lowering device is used after turning the revolving stage for lowering the ground ballast, as this obviously can not be done by the crane hook of the mobile crane itself.

Die vorliegende Erfindung umfasst weiterhin ein Verfahren zum Abbau eines Mobilkrans, welches entsprechend umgekehrt verläuft. Dabei wird die Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung eingesetzt, um das Ballastelement vom Heck des Oberwagens abzuheben. Daraufhin kann der Oberwagen um 180° gedreht werden, um das Ballastelement über den Kranhaken anzuheben und auf einem Transportfahrzeug abzulegen.The present invention further comprises a method for dismantling a mobile crane, which runs correspondingly reversed. The lifting and / or lowering device is used to lift the ballast element from the rear of the superstructure. Then the superstructure can be rotated by 180 ° to raise the ballast element on the crane hook and store it on a transport vehicle.

Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nun anhand von Zeichnungen sowie Ausführungsbeispielen näher dargestellt. Dabei zeigen:

Figur 1:
ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Mobilkrans in einer Seitenansicht im Transportzustand,
Figur 2:
ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Mobilkrans in einer Seitenansicht im Arbeitszustand,
Figur 3:
das selbsttätige Aufstellen eines erfindungsgemäßen Mobilkrans am Aufstellort,
Figur 4:
den Unterwagen eines erfindungsgemäßen Mobilkrans in einer Draufsicht unter Einzeichnung des Drehradius des Oberwagens,
Figur 5:
ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung in einer Seitenansicht,
Figur 6:
die in Figur 5 gezeigte Hebe- und/oder Senkvorrichtung mit ausgeklappten Adapter und auf diesem abgelegten Ballastelement,
Figur 7:
die in Figur 6 gezeigte Situation mit gedrehtem Oberwagen und
Figur 8:
die in Figur 7 gezeigte Situation mit durch Absenken der Hebevorrichtung am Heck des Oberwagens angehängtem Ballastelement.
The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to drawings and exemplary embodiments. Showing:
FIG. 1:
An embodiment of a mobile crane according to the invention in a side view in the transport state,
FIG. 2:
An embodiment of a mobile crane according to the invention in a side view in the working state,
FIG. 3:
the automatic installation of a mobile crane according to the invention at the installation site,
FIG. 4:
the undercarriage of a mobile crane according to the invention in a plan view with reference to the rotational radius of the upper carriage,
FIG. 5:
An embodiment of a lifting and / or lowering device according to the invention in a side view,
FIG. 6:
in the FIG. 5 shown lifting and / or lowering device with unfolded adapter and on this deposited ballast element,
FIG. 7:
in the FIG. 6 shown situation with turned superstructure and
FIG. 8:
in the FIG. 7 shown situation with attached by lowering the lifting device to the rear of the superstructure ballast element.

In den Figuren 1 und 2 ist nun ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Mobilkrans in einer Transportposition und in einer Arbeitsposition zu sehen. Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich dabei um einen Mobilbaukran, d. h. um einen Turmdrehkran, welcher verfahrbar ist. Der Turmdrehkran weist dabei einen über eine Laufkatze entlang des Auslegers verfahrbaren Kranhaken auf. Der erfindungsgemäße Mobilkran weist dabei einen Unterwagen mit einem Fahrwerk mit mehreren bereiften Achsen 3 auf. Weiterhin weist der Unterwagen auf seiner Vorderseite eine Fahrerkabine 4 auf.In the FIGS. 1 and 2 Now is an embodiment of a mobile crane according to the invention in a transport position and to see in a working position. In the embodiment, this is a mobile construction crane, ie a tower crane, which is movable. The tower crane has a movable over a trolley along the boom crane hook. The mobile crane according to the invention in this case has an undercarriage with a chassis with several tires 3 tires. Furthermore, the undercarriage has a driver's cab 4 on its front side.

Auf dem Unterwagen ist um die vertikale Drehachse 13 drehbar ein Oberwagen 2 angeordnet, welcher die Kranaufbauten 5 trägt. Der Unterwagen 1 ist dabei über Abstützelemente 19 am Aufstellort abstützbar. Wie in Figur 4 zu erkennen, weist der Mobilkran dabei in seinem vorderen Bereich sowie am Heck Abstützkästen auf, aus welchen Schiebeholme mit Abstützzylindern an ihren Enden ausgeschoben werden können.On the undercarriage, a superstructure 2, which carries the crane superstructures 5, is arranged rotatably about the vertical axis of rotation 13. The undercarriage 1 can be supported via support elements 19 at the installation site. As in FIG. 4 To recognize the mobile crane while in its front area and at the rear Abstützkästen from which sliding beams can be pushed out with support cylinders at their ends.

Am Oberwagen 2 ist der Turm um eine horizontale Drehachse drehbar angelenkt. Im Ausführungsbeispiel umfasst der Turm dabei zwei Turmelemente 6 und 7, wobei das Turmelement 7 in das Turmelement zum Transport eingeschoben werden kann. Am Turmkopf ist um eine horizontale Schwenkachse 18 schwenkbar der Ausleger angelenkt. Der Ausleger besteht dabei aus drei Auslegersegmenten 9, 10 und 11, welche jeweils um horizontale Schwenkachsen schwenkbar aneinander angelenkt sind. Dabei ist eine Abspannung 12 mit Abspannstützen 16 und 17 vorgesehen, welche den Ausleger abspannt. Die Abspannung steht dabei rückwärtig über eine längenveränderliche Verseilung 15 mit dem rückwärtigen Teil des Oberwagens in Verbindung. Dort ist eine Winde angeordnet, über welche die Verseilung 15 in ihrer Länge verändert werden kann.On the uppercarriage 2, the tower is pivoted about a horizontal axis of rotation. In the exemplary embodiment, the tower comprises two tower elements 6 and 7, wherein the tower element 7 can be inserted into the tower element for transport. At the top of the tower, the boom is hinged about a horizontal pivot axis 18 pivotally. The boom consists of three boom segments 9, 10 and 11, which are pivotally hinged to each other about horizontal pivot axes. In this case, a bracing 12 is provided with guy supports 16 and 17, which tensions the boom. The bracing is backward via a variable-length stranding 15 with the rear part of the superstructure in combination. There, a winch is arranged, over which the stranding 15 can be changed in length.

Der Mobilkran kann sich dabei am Aufstellort selbsttätig aufrichten, ohne dass es hierfür weiterer Hebevorrichtungen bedürfte. Die Aufstellphase ist dabei in Figur 3 dargestellt. Am Aufstellort wird zunächst der Unterwagen abgestützt. Daraufhin wird der Turm aus der Waagerechten in die Senkrechte aufgerichtet. Im nächsten Schritt wird das obere Turmelement 7 aus dem unteren Turmelement 6 herausteleskopiert. Nun wird der Ausleger unter Verwendung der Abspannung 12 durch verkürzen der Verseilung 15 in seine waagrechte Position ausgeklappt.The mobile crane can erect itself automatically at the place of installation without the need for additional lifting devices. The setup phase is in FIG. 3 shown. At the installation site, the undercarriage is first supported. Thereupon becomes the tower erected from the horizontal in the vertical. In the next step, the upper tower element 7 is telescoped out of the lower tower element 6. Now the boom is unfolded by using the brace 12 by shortening the stranding 15 in its horizontal position.

Wie in Figur 1 zu sehen ist, weist der Unterwagen des erfindungsgemäßen Mobilkrans heckseitig eine Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung 30 auf, welche hier als Geräteträger ausgeführt ist. Die Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung weist dabei eine Ladefläche 30 auf, auf welcher Geräte transportiert werden können. Dabei ist ein Hubantrieb 31 vorgesehen, über welchen die Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung zur Aufnahe von Geräten auf den Boden abgesenkt werden kann und zum Transport angehoben werden kann. Die Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung ist dabei an der hinteren Rückwand 32 des Unterwagens angeordnet, d.h. am hinteren Schiebeholmkasten.As in FIG. 1 can be seen, the undercarriage of the mobile crane according to the invention on the rear side a lifting and lowering device 30, which is designed here as a device carrier. The lifting and lowering device has a loading area 30, on which devices can be transported. In this case, a lifting drive 31 is provided, via which the lifting and lowering device for Aufnahe of equipment can be lowered to the ground and can be raised for transport. The lifting and lowering device is arranged on the rear rear wall 32 of the undercarriage, ie on the rear Schiebeholmkasten.

Wie in Figur 1 ebenfalls zu erkennen, ragt im Transportzustand der zusammengefaltete Kranaufbau über das Heck 32 des Unterwagens hinaus. Die Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung 30 ist daher gleichzeitig als Unterfahrschutzeinrichtung konzipiert, wobei die Ladefläche mit einer Stoßstange endet und im Wesentlichen so weit nach hinten reicht, wie der Kranaufbau.As in FIG. 1 can also be seen, protrudes in the transport state of the folded crane body beyond the rear 32 of the undercarriage. The lifting and lowering device 30 is therefore designed simultaneously as an underrun protection device, wherein the loading area ends with a bumper and extends substantially as far to the rear, as the crane body.

Dies ist auch in Figur 4 zu erkennen, welche den erfindungsgemäßen Mobilkran im Transportzustand in einer Draufsicht zeigt, wobei jedoch bereits die Schiebeholme ausgefahren wurden. Weiterhin ist neben der Drehachse 13 des Oberwagens auch der Drehradius 21 des Oberwagens eingezeichnet.This is also in FIG. 4 to see which shows the mobile crane according to the invention in the transport state in a plan view, but already the sliding beams have been extended. Furthermore, in addition to the axis of rotation 13 of the superstructure and the radius of rotation 21 of the superstructure is located.

Als Gegengewicht für den am vorderen Ende des Oberwagens angeordneten Kranaufbau, den Ausleger sowie die aufzunehmende Last ist am hinteren Ende des Oberwagens Ballast angeordnet. Dabei ist im Ausführungsbeispiel ein Grundballast 20 vorgesehen, welcher immer am Oberwagen verbleibt.As a counterweight for the arranged at the front end of the superstructure crane structure, the boom and the male load ballast is arranged at the rear end of the superstructure. In this case, a base ballast 20 is provided in the embodiment, which always remains on the uppercarriage.

Zur Tragkraftsteigerung ist nun erfindungsgemäß ein Zusatzballastelement 50 vorgesehen, welches jedoch in vielen Märkten aufgrund der zulässigen Achslasten nicht bei Straßenfahrt am Mobilkran verbleiben kann. Der Zusatzballast muss daher auf einem zusätzlichen Transportfahrzeug zum Aufstellort des Mobilkrans transportiert werden.To increase the carrying capacity, an additional ballast element 50 is now provided according to the invention, which, however, in many markets due to the permissible axle loads can not remain on the mobile crane when driving on the road. The additional ballast must therefore be transported on an additional transport vehicle to the installation site of the mobile crane.

Durch die vorliegende Erfindung ist dieser Zusatzballast nun ohne eine zusätzliche Hebevorrichtung am Aufstellort am Oberwagen montierbar. Hierzu wird der Zusatzballast über den bereits aufgestellten Mobilkran vom Transportfahrzeug angehoben und an der Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung 30 angeordnet, welche hierfür einen entsprechenden Adapter aufweist. Hierzu wird der Zusatzballast am Kranhaken 23 des Mobilkrans angehängt und zur Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung 30 transportiert. Die entsprechende Hakenposition zum Ablassen des Zusatzballastes auf die Hebe-und Senkvorrichtung 30 ist dabei in Figur 2 mit der Position 70 bezeichnet.By means of the present invention, this additional ballast can now be mounted on the superstructure on the superstructure without an additional lifting device. For this purpose, the additional ballast is lifted over the already erected mobile crane from the transport vehicle and arranged on the lifting and lowering device 30, which has a corresponding adapter for this purpose. For this purpose, the additional ballast is attached to the crane hook 23 of the mobile crane and transported to the lifting and lowering device 30. The corresponding hook position for discharging the additional ballast on the lifting and lowering device 30 is in FIG. 2 denoted by the position 70.

Nach dem Anordnen des Zusatzballastes 50 an der Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung 30 kann nun der Zusatzballast über die Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung am Oberwagen montiert werden. Hierzu wird der Oberwagen zunächst um 180° gedreht, so dass das Heck des Oberwagens am Heck des Unterwagens und damit im Bereich der Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung positioniert ist. Durch Absenken der Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung 30 kann der Zusatzballast 50 nun am Heck des Oberwagens angehängt werden, insbesondere am Grundballast.After arranging the additional ballast 50 on the lifting and lowering device 30, the additional ballast can now be mounted on the lifting and lowering device on the superstructure. For this purpose, the superstructure is first rotated by 180 °, so that the rear of the superstructure is positioned at the rear of the undercarriage and thus in the area of the lifting and lowering device. By lowering the lifting and lowering device 30, the additional ballast 50 can now be attached to the rear of the superstructure, especially the bottom ballast.

Die am Unterwagenheck 32 angeordnete Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung 30 wird nun nochmals anhand von Figur 5 näher beschrieben. Die Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung 30 weist dabei eine Ladefläche 34 auf, auf welcher Geräte abgestellt werden können. Die Ladefläche 34 weist dabei einen vertikal angeordneten Tragarm auf, welcher über eine Parallellenkeranordnung 35 am Unterwagenheck 32 angelenkt ist. Dabei ist ein Hydraulikzylinder 36 vorgesehen, über welchen die Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung 30 abgesenkt und angehoben werden kann. Durch die parallele Lenkeranordnung kann die Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung dabei angehoben und abgesenkt werden, ohne dass ihre Ausrichtung verändert wird.The lifting and lowering device 30, which is arranged on the lower part of the rear end 32, will now be described again with reference to FIG FIG. 5 described in more detail. The lifting and lowering device 30 in this case has a loading area 34, on which devices can be parked. The loading area 34 in this case has a vertically arranged support arm, which is articulated via a parallel-link arrangement 35 on the undercarriage rear 32. In this case, a hydraulic cylinder 36 is provided, via which the lifting and lowering device 30 can be lowered and lifted. Due to the parallel link arrangement, the lifting and lowering device can be raised and lowered without their orientation being changed.

An der Hebe -und Senkvorrichtung 30 ist nun erfindungsgemäß ein Adapter 40 angeordnet, welcher den Zusatzballast sicher aufnehmen kann, so dass dieser über die Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung 30 angehoben bzw. abgesenkt werden kann. Im Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich bei dem Adapter 40 dabei um zwei Tragarme, welche aus einer Transportposition, wie sie in Figur 5 gezeigt ist, in die in Figur 6 gezeigte Arbeitsposition hochgeklappt und in dieser gesichert werden können. Die Tragarme 40 weisen dabei jeweils ein formschlüssiges Verbindungselement 41 zur Verbindung mit dem Zusatzballast 50 auf. Insbesondere kann dabei der Zusatzballast 50 auf den Verbindungselementen 41 aufgesetzt werden und wird formschlüssig von diesen gehalten.On the lifting and lowering device 30, an adapter 40 is now arranged according to the invention, which can safely accommodate the additional ballast, so that it can be raised or lowered via the lifting and lowering device 30. In the exemplary embodiment, the adapter 40 in this case is two support arms, which from a transport position, as in FIG. 5 is shown in the in FIG. 6 shown working position can be folded up and secured in this. The support arms 40 each have a positive connection element 41 for connection to the additional ballast 50. In particular, the additional ballast 50 can be placed on the connecting elements 41 and is held in a form-fitting manner by these.

Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung hebt der Kran sich seinen Zusatzballast 50 nun selbst auf den Adapter 40, wo er formschlüssig und sicher gehalten wird. Das Absetzen des Zusatzballastes auf dem Adapter ist dabei bei Minimalausladung des Kranes möglich. Adapter und Zusatzballast werden nun von der Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung mittels der Lenkerkinematik hydraulisch in die richtige Warteposition angehoben. Alternativ kann die Hebevorrichtung auch von Anfang an in die richtige Position verfahren werden, wie sie in Figur 6 gezeigt ist.According to the present invention, the crane now lifts its additional ballast 50 onto the adapter 40, where it is held in a positive and secure manner. The discontinuation of the additional ballast on the adapter is possible with minimal outreach of the crane. Adapter and additional ballast are now lifted by the lifting and lowering device by means of the handlebar kinematics hydraulically in the right waiting position. Alternatively, the lifting device can also be moved from the beginning into the correct position, as in FIG. 6 is shown.

Nun wird die Drehbühne mit dem Grundballast 20 um 180° gedreht, so dass das Heck der Drehbühne am Heck des Unterwagens angeordnet ist, wie dies in Figur 7 gezeigt ist. Der Zusatzballast 50 weist dabei einen Tragarm 51 auf, welcher sich nun über den Grundballast 20 nach vorne erstreckt. An dem Tragarm 51 ist ein nach unten gerichteter Sicherungszapfen 52 angeordnet. Der Grundballast weist auf seiner Oberseite eine entsprechende Ausnehmung für den Sicherungszapfen 52 auf. Selbstverständlich können dabei auch mehrere Sicherungszapfen und mehrere Tragarme 51 eingesetzt werden.Now, the revolving stage with the basic ballast 20 is rotated by 180 °, so that the rear of the revolving stage at the rear of the undercarriage is arranged, as in FIG. 7 is shown. The additional ballast 50 in this case has a support arm 51, which now extends over the base ballast 20 forward. On the support arm 51, a downwardly directed securing pin 52 is arranged. The base ballast has on its upper side a corresponding recess for the securing pin 52. Of course, it is also possible to use a plurality of securing pins and a plurality of supporting arms 51.

Durch Absenken der Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung 30 wird der Zusatzballast 50 nun am Grundballast angehängt und gleichzeitig formschlüssig über den Sicherungszapfen 52 verriegelt. Der Zusatzballast 50 hängt nun sicher am Grundballast 20, wie dies in Figur 8 gezeigt ist.By lowering the lifting and lowering device 30, the additional ballast 50 is now attached to the base ballast and simultaneously positively locked via the securing pin 52. The additional ballast 50 now hangs safely on the base ballast 20, as in FIG. 8 is shown.

Durch weiteres Absenken der Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung 30 wird nun der Adapter 40 vom Zusatzballast 50 gelöst und kann wieder eingeklappt werden.By further lowering the lifting and lowering device 30, the adapter 40 is now released from the additional ballast 50 and can be folded again.

Der Kran kann nun mit der durch den Zusatzballast erhöhten Tragkraft eingesetzt werden.The crane can now be used with the additional load capacity increased by the additional ballast.

Bei der vorliegenden Erfindung muss die Kinematik der Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung, die Ausführung des Adapters sowie die Aufhängung des Zusatzballastes am Grundballast entsprechend aufeinander abgestimmt sein.In the present invention, the kinematics of the lifting and lowering device, the design of the adapter and the suspension of the additional ballast on the ballast must be coordinated accordingly.

Weist die Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung eine Parallellenkerkinematik auf, wie dies bei den in Figuren 5 bis 8 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen der Fall ist, kann dabei alternativ zu der in den Figuren 5 bis 8 gezeigten Ausführung auch folgende Ausführung gewählt werden:Does the lifting and lowering device on a parallel fighter kinematics, as in the in FIGS. 5 to 8 shown embodiments, it may alternatively to the in the FIGS. 5 to 8 shown embodiment, the following embodiment are selected:

Insbesondere kann die gesamte Anordnung aus Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung, Adapter, Zusatzballast und Oberwagen so ausgeführt werden, dass sich die Parallellenkeranordnung in der Warteposition, in welcher das Heck des Oberwagens unter den Tragarm des Zusatzballastes gefahren wird, in einer waagrechten oder nach hinten und unten geneigten Position befindet. Dies hat zur Folge, dass bei einem weiteren Absenken der Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung zum Anhängen des Zusatzballastes dieser nicht nur nach unten, sondern auch nach vorne auf das Heck des Oberwagens bzw. den dort angeordneten Grundballast zu bewegt wird. Eine solche Kinematik hat den Vorteil, dass die Vorderseite des Zusatzballastes 50 direkt auf der Rückseite des Oberwagenhecks bzw. des dort angeordneten Grundballasts 20 anliegen kann.In particular, the entire arrangement of lifting and lowering device, adapter, additional ballast and superstructure can be designed so that the parallel link arrangement in the waiting position, in which the rear of the superstructure is driven under the arm of the additional ballast, in a horizontal or backward and down inclined position. This has the consequence that in a further lowering of the lifting and lowering device for attaching the additional ballast this is moved not only downwards, but also forward to the rear of the superstructure and the basic ballast arranged there. Such a kinematics has the advantage that the front side of the additional ballast 50 can rest directly on the rear side of the uppercarriage rear or the basic ballast 20 arranged there.

Die Abnahme des Zusatzballastes zum Straßentransport ist in den Figuren nicht näher dargestellt. Die Abnahme verläuft jedoch wie oben bei der Montage gezeigt in umgekehrter Reihenfolge. Der Zusatzballast wird also von der Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung über den Adapter 40 angehoben, bis der Oberwagen unter dem Zusatzballast wegdrehen kann. Der Kran wird nun eingesetzt, um den Zusatzballast von der Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung abzuheben und auf einem Transportfahrzeug zu laden.The decrease of the additional ballast for road transport is not shown in detail in the figures. The decrease is, however, as shown above in the assembly in reverse order. The additional ballast is thus lifted by the lifting and lowering device via the adapter 40 until the superstructure under the additional ballast can turn away. The crane is now used to lift the additional ballast from the lifting and lowering device and load on a transport vehicle.

Der Adapter kann nun wieder in seine Transportposition weggeklappt werden, um nicht mit der Aufstellkurve des Krans zu kollidieren. Der sonstige Abbau des Krans erfolgt dann wie bei bekannten Mobilkranen üblich.The adapter can now be folded back into its transport position in order not to collide with the Aufstellkurve of the crane. The other dismantling of the crane is then as usual in known mobile cranes.

Bei der vorliegenden Erfindung wird damit eine vom Unterwagen her angetriebene Lösung beschrieben, welche in Verbindung mit der Drehbewegung des Oberwagens zum Anhängen des Ballastes genützt wird. Hierfür wird die heb- und senkbare Kinematik am Fahrzeugheck des Unterwagens eingesetzt. Im Ausführungsbeispiel wurde hier eine Lenkerkinematik eingesetzt. Alternativ wäre die vorliegende Erfindung auch über eine linear geführte Bewegung realisierbar.The present invention thus describes a solution driven by the undercarriage, which is used in conjunction with the rotational movement of the superstructure for attaching the ballast. For this purpose, the raised and lowered kinematics at the rear of the vehicle is used. In the embodiment, a linkage kinematics was used here. Alternatively, the present invention could also be realized via a linearly guided movement.

Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt einen systematischen Ablauf zum An- bzw. Abhängen des Ballastelementes am Oberwagen zur Verfügung. Hier können weitgehend die bei erfindungsgemäßen Mobilkranen üblicherweise ohnehin vorhandenen Einrichtungen und Ausrichtungen genutzt werden.The present invention provides a systematic process for attaching or detaching the ballast element to the superstructure. Here can be used in mobile cranes according to the invention usually already existing facilities and orientations largely.

Die Zusatzfunktion eines ohne weitere Hebevorrichtung anhängbaren Zusatzballastes kann so mit nur minimalem konstruktiven Aufwand realisiert werden. Insbesondere muss hierfür lediglich ein entsprechender Adapter an der Hebe- und Senkvorrichtung angeordnet werden.The additional function of an attachable without further lifting additional ballast can be realized with minimal design effort. In particular, only a corresponding adapter must be arranged on the lifting and lowering device for this purpose.

Claims (11)

  1. A mobile crane, in particular a mobile construction crane comprising an undercarriage (1) with chassis (3) and an uppercarriage (2) rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation, wherein a lifting and/or lowering device (30) is arranged on the undercarriage and at least one ballast element (50) can be arranged on the uppercarriage, which during road transport can be transported on a separate transport vehicle, wherein the ballast element (50) can be arranged on the lifting and/or lowering device (30) and can be mounted on the uppercarriage (2) by using the lifting and/or lowering device,
    characterized in
    that the ballast element (50) can be attached to the rear of the uppercarriage (2) by lowering the lifting and/or lowering device (30) such that in its mounted position it forms the rear end of the uppercarriage.
  2. The mobile crane according to claim 1, wherein an adapter (40) is arranged on the lifting and/or lowering device, via which the ballast element (50) can be picked up at the lifting and/or lowering device (30), wherein the ballast element advantageously is positively held at the adapter.
  3. The mobile crane according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ballast element can be fixed at the rear of the uppercarriage by attaching the same to a basic ballast (20).
  4. The mobile crane according to claim 3, wherein the ballast element includes at least one supporting arm (51) on which a downwardly directed locking pin (52) is arranged, which on attachment to the basic ballast (20) positively engages into a corresponding recess on the upper side of the basic ballast.
  5. The mobile crane according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the lifting and/or lowering device is arranged at the rear (32) of the undercarriage.
  6. The mobile crane according to claim 5, wherein in the transport condition the crane body protrudes beyond the rear (32) of the undercarriage and the lifting and/or lowering device serves as underrun protection during road transport, in that it substantially reaches as far to the rear as the crane body and ends in a bumper.
  7. The mobile crane according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the lifting and/or lowering device includes a loading area which can be lowered and lifted and on which objects can be deposited.
  8. The mobile crane according to any of the preceding claims, comprising at least one tower element (6, 7) which is erectably arranged on the uppercarriage, and a boom (9, 10, 11) arranged on the tower, wherein the mobile crane serves as tower crane in the erected condition.
  9. A ballast element (50) for a mobile crane according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ballast element includes at least one supporting arm (51) on which a downwardly directed locking pin (52) is arranged, which on attachment to a basic ballast (20) can positively engage into a corresponding recess on the upper side of the basic ballast.
  10. A method for erecting a mobile crane at an erection site, in particular for erecting a mobile construction crane according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the mobile crane includes an undercarriage (1) with chassis (3) and an uppercarriage (2) rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation and a lifting and/or lowering device (30) is arranged on the undercarriage, comprising the following steps:
    transporting a ballast element (50) on a separate transport vehicle to the erection site,
    arranging the ballast element (50) on the lifting and/or lowering device (30), in particular by using the mobile crane,
    mounting the ballast element (50) on the uppercarriage by using the lifting and/or lowering device,
    characterized in
    that the ballast element (50) is attached to the rear of the uppercarriage (2) by lowering the lifting and/or lowering device (30) such that in its mounted position it forms the rear end of the uppercarriage.
  11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the uppercarriage (2) is rotated by 180° after arranging the ballast element (50) on the lifting and/or lowering device (30), whereupon the ballast element is attached to the rear of the uppercarriage by lowering the lifting and/or lowering device.
EP20110002601 2010-04-14 2011-03-29 Mobile crane, in particular mobile construction crane Active EP2377804B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010014887A DE102010014887A1 (en) 2010-04-14 2010-04-14 Mobile crane, in particular mobile construction crane

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EP2377804A1 EP2377804A1 (en) 2011-10-19
EP2377804B1 true EP2377804B1 (en) 2014-07-16

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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012018111A1 (en) 2012-09-13 2014-03-13 Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh Tower Crane
CN105600690B (en) * 2015-11-30 2017-08-04 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 Crane and its Weighting system
DE202020106372U1 (en) * 2020-11-06 2022-02-11 Liebherr-Werk Nenzing Gmbh Mobile crane with height-adjustable superstructure ballast
CN114014177A (en) * 2021-11-17 2022-02-08 郑州新大方重工科技有限公司 Node-added height increasing device, node-added height increasing method and crane

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WO2013056413A1 (en) * 2011-10-18 2013-04-25 中联重科股份有限公司 Counterweight lifting device, structure and method

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US3251479A (en) * 1964-02-17 1966-05-17 Bucyrus Erie Co Removable counterweight apparatus
US3419156A (en) * 1967-05-05 1968-12-31 Bucyrus Erie Co Counterweight attaching means for cranes
DE2140233C3 (en) * 1971-08-11 1974-02-07 Leo Gottwald Kg, 4000 Duesseldorf Multi-axle mobile crane
DE19803780C2 (en) * 1998-01-22 1999-11-18 Mannesmann Ag Crane vehicle
CN201082852Y (en) * 2007-08-06 2008-07-09 长沙中联重工科技发展股份有限公司 Weight-balancing self-loading and self-unloading mechanism for automobile crane
CN101643182B (en) * 2009-08-19 2014-07-09 三一汽车制造有限公司 Balancing weight handling device and movable crane

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WO2013056413A1 (en) * 2011-10-18 2013-04-25 中联重科股份有限公司 Counterweight lifting device, structure and method

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EP2377804A1 (en) 2011-10-19
CN102259803B (en) 2014-10-15
CN102259803A (en) 2011-11-30

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