EP2240304B1 - Power tool - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP2240304B1
EP2240304B1 EP08871992.7A EP08871992A EP2240304B1 EP 2240304 B1 EP2240304 B1 EP 2240304B1 EP 08871992 A EP08871992 A EP 08871992A EP 2240304 B1 EP2240304 B1 EP 2240304B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gear
switch element
power tool
motor switch
tool according
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EP08871992.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2240304A1 (en
Inventor
Heiko Roehm
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Priority to EP10188513.5A priority Critical patent/EP2305434B1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25FCOMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/001Gearings, speed selectors, clutches or the like specially adapted for rotary tools

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power tool, in particular an electric hand tool, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Hand-held power tools such as (cordless) screwdrivers, (cordless) drills or (cordless) impact drills have a manual transmission, the engine speed of about 20,000 rev / min in a useful for the application speed range of the work spindle of about 150 to 2,000 U / min down.
  • the manual transmission of known power handheld power tools is configured as a planetary transmission with two or more gears, so that the operator can choose between at least a fast second low torque gear and a slow first high torque gear.
  • a bistable spring arrangement holds the switching ring resiliently in its two opposite switching positions.
  • the bistable spring arrangement is mechanically mounted on a housing-fixed switching device.
  • the switching device has a manual actuator, which is provided with an acting on a swivel bracket reset hook. This causes the actuator when releasing or returning to the off position, the swivel bracket returns to the second switching position.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, a power tool, in particular an electric hand tool to propose, in which the gear change can be performed quickly and easily, in particular without having to interrupt a started operation.
  • the invention is based on the idea to couple the directly operable by an operator engine switching element (control) for activating the electric motor, in particular mechanically, with the gearbox, in particular a switching mechanism of, preferably designed as a planetary gearbox, such that the transmission through Actuating the motor switching element between at least two gears is switchable.
  • the gearbox in particular a switching mechanism of, preferably designed as a planetary gearbox, such that the transmission through Actuating the motor switching element between at least two gears is switchable.
  • the engine switching element control element
  • the engine switching element is coupled to the transmission such that the switching between two gears takes place only after covering a predetermined Verstellux.
  • a motor switch assigned to the motor switch element and actuatable by the motor switch element may, for example, be a pure on / off switch for opening and closing the motor circuit.
  • the engine switch may be equipped with an engine speed setting function, such that the engine speed, in particular over the travel (adjustment) of the engine switching element is adjustable.
  • the invention makes it possible to dispense with a separate from the engine switching element Gangumschaltelement (another control element), whereby the Eckcollect of the power tool can be minimized if necessary.
  • the invention provides that the transmission ratio between the first gear and the second gear is selected such that a lower rotational speed and a greater torque can be achieved with the first gear than with the second gear.
  • lighter and more compact power tools can be realized by using smaller (lower-power) electric drive motors for the same performance.
  • the first, slower gear increased torque is transferable.
  • an operator starts a second speed gear with a higher speed and lower torque by operating the motor switch element and towards the end of the screwing, in particular without interrupting the screwing, by further pressing the motor switch element of the second gear switched to the first gear, with the then screwing with greater torque is completed. So far, it was necessary that the operator either performed the entire screwing in the slow first gear or interrupted the screwing for switching from the second gear to the first gear towards the end of the screwing operation.
  • the motor switch element as a trigger switch, in particular as a pawl
  • the pusher switch is preferably coupled directly to a switching mechanism of the gearbox, in particular such that after covering a defined travel of the pusher switch switching between two gears, preferably from the second gear in the first gear, is effected.
  • the increased Verfahrwiderstand which must be overcome by the operator, is advantageously generated in a further development of the invention by means of at least one spring which is formed and arranged counteracting the switching from the second to the first gear.
  • the movement resistance increasing spring endeavors to adjust the engine switch element such that a made change gear is reversed.
  • the engine switch element is preferably adjusted to switch from the second gear to the first gear against the spring force of the spring, so that the spring after reducing the operating force by an operator, the engine switch element adjusted and / or acts on the transmission, that the transmission of the first is switched to second gear.
  • the engine switch element is preferably returned to its original shift position before the gear shift.
  • the motor switch element is mechanically coupled to a switching mechanism of the gearbox, in particular with a, preferably designed as a pivot lever, lever of the switching mechanism.
  • a resistance increasing the spring acts directly on this lever, which in turn acts on the motor switch element with a restoring force.
  • an embodiment can be realized in which a separate gear changeover element (further operating element) is provided in addition to the gear change element enabling gear changeover.
  • This gear shift element is preferably subordinate to the engine switch element with regard to the gear shift function.
  • an embodiment is preferred in which, by means of the motor switch element, despite the manual setting of the gear changeover switch to the second gear on the first gear, in particular towards the end of the travel (adjustment), can be switched.
  • FIG. 1 shows in the only one Fig. 1 a sectional view of a trained as cordless screwdriver electric hand tool.
  • Fig. 1 is designed as a cordless screwdriver electric hand tool 1 is shown.
  • This comprises an electric drive motor 2 of the torque transmitting connected to a planetary gear designed as a two-stage gearbox 3.
  • a work spindle is driven, which operates a tool holder 4 rotating.
  • the tool holder 4 can be formed depending on the application, for example, as a chuck or polygonal recording, in particular hexagonal recording.
  • an exchangeable accumulator pack 5 designed as a tool foot is provided, which can be fixed to a plastic housing 6 of the electric hand tool 1.
  • a motor current switch 7 which acts as a pure on / off switch or as required, For example, by integration of a variable electrical resistance, can be configured as a speed setting switch.
  • the motor current switch 7 can be actuated with a motor switch element 8 designed as a push-button switch element.
  • the motor switch element 8 is arranged in an upper region of a handle 9, which carries the accumulator pack 5 at its lower end and merges in its upper plane in the drawing plane in a substantially transverse to the handle 9 working housing portion 10.
  • the motor switch element 8 actuates a signal generator for electronics which switches the motor current or regulates the speed.
  • the manual transmission 3 is as a basic setting in a second gear, with a greater speed, but only a smaller torque for driving the tool holder 4 can be realized as in a first gear.
  • the motor switch element 8 To activate the drive motor 2, the motor switch element 8 must be actuated by an operator in the direction of the arrow 11, ie in the direction of the housing 6, whereby the motor switch 7 supplies the drive motor 2 with electrical energy.
  • the motor switch element 8 has an integral extension 12 pointing upward in the plane of the drawing. After the motor switch element 8 has been moved so far into the housing 6 in that the extension 12 has traveled the distance s, the extension 12 bears against a pivotably mounted lever 13 of a gear changeover mechanism of the gearbox 3.
  • the motor current switch 7 is formed in a conventional manner such that the motor current is increased with increasing displacement of the motor switch element 8.
  • the motor switch element 8 must be further adjusted in the direction of the housing 6, so that the extension 12 covers a greater distance than the drawn distance s.
  • the force acting on the motor switch element 8 Verfahrwiderstand is greater than at the beginning of the adjustment. This is due to a designed as a helical compression spring spring 14 which presses on a free end portion of the lever 13 in the drawing plane left to right, that is substantially opposite to the arrow 11, and thus endeavors, the lever 13 in its original switching position (second Gang), or to move him back there.
  • the actuation force to be applied by the operator increases as soon as the motor switch element 8 touches or moves the lever 13 designed as a pivot lever, since in addition the spring 14 acting on the lever 13 in the region of its free end must be compressed. If the motor switch element 8 is moved further and thereby the lever 13 is adjusted by means of the integral extension 12 against the spring force of the spring 14, the manual transmission 3 is moved in a conventional manner from the original second to the first gear and remains in the first switching position, how a sufficient actuating force is exerted on the engine switch element 8 by the operator and thus the lever 13, despite the acting spring force 14, remains in a position not shown on the left in the drawing plane.
  • a separate gear change switch for example, on the top of the working housing portion 10, if necessary, can be arranged, it being preferred to arrange such a separate gear change switch the motor switch element 8 in its Gangumschaltfunktion.
  • an additional main electrical switch which can be placed, for example, in the upper area of the working housing section 10 in the plane of the drawing. If it is dispensed with a separate Gangumschaltelement and an additional main switch, the corner measure of the electric hand tool 1 shown is due to the omission of the separate control element less than in known electric hand tools.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Portable Power Tools In General (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Control Devices For Change-Speed Gearing (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Elektrowerkzeug, insbesondere ein Elektrohandwerkzeug, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a power tool, in particular an electric hand tool, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Handgeführte Elektrowerkzeuge wie beispielsweise (Akku-)Schrauber, (Akku-)Bohrschrauber oder (Akku-)Schlagbohrmaschinen besitzen ein Schaltgetriebe, um die Motordrehzahl von etwa 20.000 U/min in einen für die Anwendung sinnvollen Drehzahlbereich der Arbeitsspindel von etwa 150 bis 2.000 U/min zu untersetzen. Typischerweise ist das Schaltgetriebe bekannter Elektrohandwerkzeugmaschinen als Planetengetriebe mit zwei oder mehr Gängen ausgeführt, sodass die Bedienperson mindestens zwischen einem schnellen zweiten Gang mit geringem Drehmoment und einem langsamen ersten Gang mit hohem Drehmoment wählen kann.Hand-held power tools such as (cordless) screwdrivers, (cordless) drills or (cordless) impact drills have a manual transmission, the engine speed of about 20,000 rev / min in a useful for the application speed range of the work spindle of about 150 to 2,000 U / min down. Typically, the manual transmission of known power handheld power tools is configured as a planetary transmission with two or more gears, so that the operator can choose between at least a fast second low torque gear and a slow first high torque gear.

Wird während eines Arbeitsvorgangs, beispielsweise beim Schrauben, das Umschalten zwischen den Gängen des Schaltgetriebes notwendig, so muss die Bedienperson den Arbeitsvorgang unterbrechen, indem sie ein Motorschalterelement (Schalterklinke) loslässt, woraufhin die Bedienperson mittels eines separaten Gangumschalters zwischen den Gängen des Getriebes umschalten kann. Daraufhin kann der Arbeitsvorgang durch erneutes Betätigen des Motorschalterelementes durch die Bedienperson mit neugewählter Getriebeübersetzung fortgeführt werden. Nachteilig ist das aufwändige und zeitintensive Umschalten zwischen den Gängen. Als besonders nachteilig wird empfunden, dass zum Umschalten zwischen zwei Gängen der Arbeitsvorgang vollständig unterbrochen werden muss.If during a work operation, such as when screwing, the switching between the gears of the gearbox necessary, the operator must interrupt the operation by releasing a motor switch element (switch latch), after which the operator can switch between the gears of the transmission by means of a separate gear changeover. Then, the operation can be continued by re-pressing the motor switch element by the operator with a newly selected gear ratio. The disadvantage is the time-consuming and time-consuming Switch between gears. It is felt to be particularly disadvantageous that the operation must be completely interrupted to switch between two gears.

In DE 197 54 165 A1 ist zwischen zwei Hohlrädern zweier Schaltstufen ein Schaltring angeordnet, der drehfest, jedoch axial verschiebbar gelagert ist. Eine bistabile Federanordnung hält den Schaltring federnd in seinen beiden entgegen gesetzten Schaltstellungen. Die bistabile Federanordnung ist mechanisch an einer gehäusefesten Schalteinrichtung gelagert. Die Schalteinrichtung besitzt ein manuelles Betätigungsglied, das mit einem an einem Schwenkbügel angreifenden Rückstellhaken versehen ist. Dieser bewirkt, dass das Betätigungsglied beim Loslassen bzw. Rückführen in die Ausschaltstellung den Schwenkbügel in die zweite Schaltstellung zurückführt.In DE 197 54 165 A1 is arranged between two ring gears of two switching stages, a switching ring which is rotatably mounted, but axially displaceable. A bistable spring arrangement holds the switching ring resiliently in its two opposite switching positions. The bistable spring arrangement is mechanically mounted on a housing-fixed switching device. The switching device has a manual actuator, which is provided with an acting on a swivel bracket reset hook. This causes the actuator when releasing or returning to the off position, the swivel bracket returns to the second switching position.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention Technische AufgabeTechnical task

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Elektrowerkzeug, insbesondere ein Elektrohandwerkzeug, vorzuschlagen, bei dem der Gangwechsel schnell und einfach durchgeführt werden kann, insbesondere ohne dabei einen begonnenen Arbeitsvorgang unterbrechen zu müssen.The invention is therefore based on the object, a power tool, in particular an electric hand tool to propose, in which the gear change can be performed quickly and easily, in particular without having to interrupt a started operation.

Technische LösungTechnical solution

Diese Aufgabe wird mit einem Elektrowerkzeug mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. In den Rahmen der Erfindung fallen sämtliche Kombinationen aus zumindest zwei von in der Beschreibung, den Ansprüchen und/oder den Figuren offenbarten Merkmalen.This object is achieved with a power tool having the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims. All combinations of at least two features disclosed in the description, the claims and / or the figures fall within the scope of the invention.

Der Erfindung liegt der Gedanke zugrunde, das von einer Bedienperson unmittelbar betätigbare Motorschaltelement (Bedienelement) zum Aktivieren des elektrischen Arbeitsmotors, insbesondere mechanisch, mit dem Schaltgetriebe, insbesondere einem Umschaltmechanismus des, vorzugsweise als Planetengetriebe ausgebildeten, Schaltgetriebes zu koppeln, derart, dass das Schaltgetriebe durch Betätigen des Motorschaltelementes zwischen mindestens zwei Gängen umschaltbar ist. Hierdurch ist es erstmals möglich, zwischen zwei Getriebe-Übersetzungsstufen umzuschalten, ohne hierfür ein separates Bedienelement betätigen zu müssen. Es ist sogar möglich, zwischen mindestens zwei Gängen des Schaltgetriebes umzuschalten, ohne dabei einen begonnenen Arbeitsvorgang (insbesondere Bohren oder Schrauben) unterbrechen zu müssen. Bevorzugt ist das Motorschaltelement (Bedienelement) derart mit dem Schaltgetriebe gekoppelt, dass das Umschalten zwischen zwei Gängen erst nach Zurücklegen einer vorgegebenen Verstellstrecke erfolgt. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, dass mit dem Motorschalter, ohne dass ein Umschaltvorgang erfolgt, in bekannter Weise der Antriebsmotor aktiviert und deaktiviert werden kann. Bei einem dem Motorschalterelement zugeordneten, von dem Motorschalterelement betätigbaren, Motorschalter kann es sich beispielsweise um einen reinen Ein-/Ausschalter zum Öffnen und Schließen des Motorstromkreises handeln. Alternativ kann der Motorschalter mit einer Motordrehzahleinstellfunktion ausgestattet sein, derart, dass die Motordrehzahl, insbesondere über den Verfahrweg (Verstellweg) des Motorschaltelementes einstellbar ist. Neben dem vereinfachten und schnellen Umschalten zwischen mindestens zwei Gängen ermöglicht es die Erfindung bei Bedarf auf ein von dem Motorschaltelement separates Gangumschaltelement (weiteres Bedienelement) zu verzichten, wodurch das Eckmaß des Elektrowerkzeugs minimiert werden kann. Wie später noch erläutert werden wird, ist es alternativ möglich, zusätzlich zu dem beschriebenen Motorschaltelement, mit dem zwischen mindestens zwei Gängen des Schaltgetriebes umgeschaltet werden kann, ein separates Gangumschaltelement vorzusehen, oder das separate Gangumschaltelement in einen Ein-/Ausschalter (Hauptstromschalter) für das Elektrowerkzeug umzufunktionieren.The invention is based on the idea to couple the directly operable by an operator engine switching element (control) for activating the electric motor, in particular mechanically, with the gearbox, in particular a switching mechanism of, preferably designed as a planetary gearbox, such that the transmission through Actuating the motor switching element between at least two gears is switchable. This makes it possible for the first time to switch between two transmission gear ratios, without this one to operate separate control. It is even possible to switch between at least two gears of the gearbox, without having to interrupt a started operation (in particular drilling or screws). Preferably, the engine switching element (control element) is coupled to the transmission such that the switching between two gears takes place only after covering a predetermined Verstellstrecke. In this way, it is possible that the drive motor can be activated and deactivated in a known manner with the motor switch, without a switching operation. A motor switch assigned to the motor switch element and actuatable by the motor switch element may, for example, be a pure on / off switch for opening and closing the motor circuit. Alternatively, the engine switch may be equipped with an engine speed setting function, such that the engine speed, in particular over the travel (adjustment) of the engine switching element is adjustable. In addition to the simplified and fast switching between at least two gears, the invention makes it possible to dispense with a separate from the engine switching element Gangumschaltelement (another control element), whereby the Eckmaß of the power tool can be minimized if necessary. As will be explained later, it is alternatively possible, in addition to the described engine switching element, with which can be switched between at least two gears of the gearbox to provide a separate Gangumschaltelement, or the separate Gangumschaltelement in an on / off switch (main power switch) for the To reprocess the power tool.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist eine Ausführungsform, bei der mit dem Motorschalterelement nicht nur von einem zweiten Gang in einen ersten Gang umgeschaltet werden kann, sondern bei der vorgesehen ist, dass mit dem Motorschalterelement auch der umgekehrte Schaltvorgang realisierbar ist, das Schaltgetriebe also von dem ersten Gang zurück in den zweiten Gang umschaltbar ist. Bevorzugt erfolgt dieses "Zurückschalten", wie später noch erläutert werden wird, automatisch, wenn die manuelle von der Bedienperson zum Betätigen des Motorschalterelementes auf das Motorschalterelement ausgeübte Betätigungskraft reduziert wird.Of particular advantage is an embodiment in which the motor switch element not only by a second Gang can be switched to a first gear, but in which it is provided that with the motor switch element and the reverse switching operation can be realized, the transmission is thus switched from the first gear back to the second gear. Preferably, as will be explained later, this "downshifting" occurs automatically when the manual operating force exerted by the operator to operate the motor switch element on the motor switch element is reduced.

Die Erfindung sieht vor, dass das Übersetzungsverhältnis zwischen dem ersten Gang und dem zweiten Gang so gewählt ist, dass mit dem ersten Gang eine geringere Drehzahl und ein größeres Drehmoment realisierbar ist als mit dem zweiten Gang. Im Falle einer sehr langsamen Auslegung des ersten Gangs können leichtere und kompaktere Elektrowerkzeuge realisiert werden, indem für die gleiche Performance kleinere (leistungsschwächere) elektrischer Antriebsmotoren eingesetzt werden.The invention provides that the transmission ratio between the first gear and the second gear is selected such that a lower rotational speed and a greater torque can be achieved with the first gear than with the second gear. In the case of a very slow first-gear design, lighter and more compact power tools can be realized by using smaller (lower-power) electric drive motors for the same performance.

Insbesondere für Anwendungsfälle, bei denen mit dem Elektrowerkzeug, insbesondere dem Elektrohandwerkzeug, Schraubvorgänge durchgeführt werden sollen, ist es bevorzugt, wenn mit dem ersten, langsameren Gang ein erhöhtes Drehmoment übertragbar ist. Bei einer derartigen Übersetzungszuordnung ist es möglich, dass eine Bedienperson einen Schraubvorgang im zweiten Gang mit höherer Drehzahl und kleinerem Drehmoment durch Betätigen des Motorschalterelementes beginnt und gegen Ende des Schraubvorgangs, insbesondere ohne den Schraubvorgang zu unterbrechen, durch ein weiteres Betätigen des Motorschalterelementes von dem zweiten Gang in den ersten Gang umschaltet, mit dem dann der Schraubvorgang mit größerem Drehmoment zu Ende geführt wird. Bisher war es notwendig, dass die Bedienperson entweder den gesamten Schraubvorgang im langsamen ersten Gang durchführte oder aber den Schraubvorgang zum Umschalten von dem zweiten Gang in den ersten Gang gegen Ende des Schraubvorgangs unterbrach.In particular, for applications in which with the power tool, in particular the electric hand tool, screwing operations are to be performed, it is preferred if the first, slower gear increased torque is transferable. In such a translation assignment, it is possible that an operator starts a second speed gear with a higher speed and lower torque by operating the motor switch element and towards the end of the screwing, in particular without interrupting the screwing, by further pressing the motor switch element of the second gear switched to the first gear, with the then screwing with greater torque is completed. So far, it was necessary that the operator either performed the entire screwing in the slow first gear or interrupted the screwing for switching from the second gear to the first gear towards the end of the screwing operation.

Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Ausführungsform, bei der das Motorschalterelement als Drückerschalter, insbesondere als Schaltklinke, ausgebildet ist. Dabei ist der Drückerschalter bevorzugt unmittelbar mit einem Umschaltmechanismus des Schaltgetriebes gekoppelt, insbesondere derart, dass nach Zurücklegen eines definierten Verfahrweges des Drückerschalters ein Umschalten zwischen zwei Gängen, vorzugsweise von dem zweiten Gang in den ersten Gang, bewirkt wird.Particularly preferred is an embodiment in which the motor switch element as a trigger switch, in particular as a pawl, is formed. In this case, the pusher switch is preferably coupled directly to a switching mechanism of the gearbox, in particular such that after covering a defined travel of the pusher switch switching between two gears, preferably from the second gear in the first gear, is effected.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist eine Ausführungsform, bei der das Motorschalterelement vor dem Auslösen des Umschaltvorgangs einen erhöhten Verfahrwiderstand erfährt, der von der Bedienperson zum Umschalten zwischen zwei Gängen überwunden werden muss. Hierdurch kann ein unbeabsichtigtes Umschalten zwischen zwei Getriebeübersetzungen auf einfache Weise vermieden werden. Es ist auch denkbar, dass das Motorschalterelement auf seinem Verfahrweg mehrere unterschiedlich große Verfahrwiderstände erfährt. Eine derartige Ausführung ist insbesondere dann sinnvoll, wenn durch nur einen Betätigungsvorgang mehrere Umschaltvorgänge realisierbar sind.Of particular advantage is an embodiment in which the motor switch element undergoes an increased Verfahrwiderstand before triggering the switching operation, which must be overcome by the operator to switch between two courses. As a result, an unintentional switching between two gear ratios can be avoided in a simple manner. It is also conceivable that the motor switch element undergoes several different traversing resistances on its travel path. Such an embodiment is particularly useful when multiple switching operations can be realized by only one operation.

Der erhöhte Verfahrwiderstand, der von der Bedienperson überwunden werden muss, wird in Weiterbildung der Erfindung mit Vorteil mittels mindestens einer Feder erzeugt, die dem Umschaltvorgang von dem zweiten in den ersten Gang entgegenwirkend ausgebildet und angeordnet ist.The increased Verfahrwiderstand, which must be overcome by the operator, is advantageously generated in a further development of the invention by means of at least one spring which is formed and arranged counteracting the switching from the second to the first gear.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist eine Ausführungsform, bei der die den Verfahrwiderstand erhöhende Feder bestrebt ist, das Motorschalterelement derart zu verstellen, dass eine vorgenommene Gangumschaltung rückgängig gemacht wird. Anders ausgedrückt wird das Motorschalterelement zum Umschalten von dem zweiten Gang in den ersten Gang vorzugsweise entgegen der Federkraft der Feder verstellt, sodass die Feder nach Reduzieren der Betätigungskraft durch eine Bedienperson das Motorschalterelement derart verstellt und/oder auf das Schaltgetriebe einwirkt, dass das Schaltgetriebe von dem ersten in den zweiten Gang umgeschaltet wird. Bevorzugt wird das Motorschalterelement hierzu in seine ursprüngliche Schaltstellung vor dem Gangumschalten zurückverstellt.Of particular advantage is an embodiment in which the movement resistance increasing spring endeavors to adjust the engine switch element such that a made change gear is reversed. In other words, the engine switch element is preferably adjusted to switch from the second gear to the first gear against the spring force of the spring, so that the spring after reducing the operating force by an operator, the engine switch element adjusted and / or acts on the transmission, that the transmission of the first is switched to second gear. For this purpose, the engine switch element is preferably returned to its original shift position before the gear shift.

Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Ausführungsform, bei der das Motorschalterelement mechanisch mit einem Umschaltmechanismus des Schaltgetriebes, insbesondere mit einem, vorzugsweise als Schwenkhebel ausgebildeten, Hebel des Umschaltmechanismus gekoppelt ist. Bevorzugt wirkt eine den Verfahrwiderstand erhöhende Feder unmittelbar auf diesen Hebel, welcher wiederum das Motorschalterelement mit einer Rückstellkraft beaufschlagt.Particularly preferred is an embodiment in which the motor switch element is mechanically coupled to a switching mechanism of the gearbox, in particular with a, preferably designed as a pivot lever, lever of the switching mechanism. Preferably, a resistance increasing the spring acts directly on this lever, which in turn acts on the motor switch element with a restoring force.

Wie eingangs erwähnt, ist eine Ausführungsform realisierbar, bei der zusätzlich zu dem ein Gangumschalten ermöglichenden Motorschalterelement ein separates Gangumschaltelement (weiteres Bedienelement) vorgesehen ist. Dieses Gangumschaltelement ist bevorzugt dem Motorschalterelement im Hinblick auf die Gangumschaltfunktion untergeordnet. Anders ausgedrückt ist eine Ausführungsform bevorzugt, bei der mittels des Motorschalterelementes, trotz des manuellen Setzens des Gangumschalters auf den zweiten Gang, auf den ersten Gang, insbesondere gegen Ende des Verfahrweges (Verstellweges), umgeschaltet werden kann.As mentioned above, an embodiment can be realized in which a separate gear changeover element (further operating element) is provided in addition to the gear change element enabling gear changeover. This gear shift element is preferably subordinate to the engine switch element with regard to the gear shift function. In other words, an embodiment is preferred in which, by means of the motor switch element, despite the manual setting of the gear changeover switch to the second gear on the first gear, in particular towards the end of the travel (adjustment), can be switched.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels sowie anhand der Zeichnung. Diese zeigt in der einzigen Fig. 1 eine Schnittansicht eines als Akku-Schrauber ausgebildeten Elektrohandwerkzeugs.Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment and from the drawing. This shows in the only one Fig. 1 a sectional view of a trained as cordless screwdriver electric hand tool.

Ausführungsform der ErfindungEmbodiment of the invention

In Fig. 1 ist ein als Akku-Schrauber ausgebildetes Elektrohandwerkzeug 1 gezeigt. Dieses umfasst einen elektrischen Antriebsmotor 2 der drehmomentübertragend mit einem als Planetengetriebe ausgebildeten, zweistufigen Schaltgetriebe 3 verbunden ist. Von dem Schaltgetriebe 3 wird wiederum eine nicht gezeigte Arbeitsspindel angetrieben, die eine Werkzeugaufnahme 4 drehend betätigt. Die Werkzeugaufnahme 4 kann je nach Anwendungszweck beispielsweise als Bohrfutter- oder Mehrkantaufnahme, insbesondere Sechskantaufnahme ausgebildet werden.In Fig. 1 is designed as a cordless screwdriver electric hand tool 1 is shown. This comprises an electric drive motor 2 of the torque transmitting connected to a planetary gear designed as a two-stage gearbox 3. Of the gearbox 3, in turn, a work spindle, not shown, is driven, which operates a tool holder 4 rotating. The tool holder 4 can be formed depending on the application, for example, as a chuck or polygonal recording, in particular hexagonal recording.

Zur Versorgung des Antriebsmotors 2 mit elektrischer Energie ist ein austauschbarer, als Werkzeugfuß ausgebildeter Akkumulatorpack 5 vorgesehen, der an einem Kunststoffgehäuse 6 des Elektrohandwerkzeugs 1 festlegbar ist.To supply the drive motor 2 with electrical energy, an exchangeable accumulator pack 5 designed as a tool foot is provided, which can be fixed to a plastic housing 6 of the electric hand tool 1.

Zum Aktivieren des elektrischen Antriebsmotors 2, also zum Versorgen des Antriebsmotors 2 mit elektrischer Energie aus dem Akkumulatorpack 5, ist ein Motorstromschalter 7 vorgesehen, der als reiner Ein-/Ausschalter oder bei Bedarf, beispielsweise durch Integration eines veränderbaren elektrischen Widerstandes, als Drehzahleinstellschalter ausgebildet sein kann. Der Motorstromschalter 7 ist mit einem als Drückerschalterelement ausgebildeten Motorschalterelement 8 betätigbar. Dabei ist das Motorschalterelement 8 in einem oberen Bereich eines Handgriffs 9 angeordnet, der an seinem unteren Ende den Akkumulatorpack 5 trägt und in seinem in der Zeichnungsebene oberen Ende in einen im Wesentlichen quer zum Handgriff 9 verlaufenden Arbeitsgehäuseabschnitt 10 übergeht. In einer alternativen (nicht gezeigten) Ausführungsform betätigt das Motorschalterelement 8 einen Signalgeber für eine Elektronik, die den Motorstrom schaltet bzw. die Drehzahl regelt.For activating the electric drive motor 2, that is to say for supplying the drive motor 2 with electrical energy from the accumulator pack 5, a motor current switch 7 is provided which acts as a pure on / off switch or as required, For example, by integration of a variable electrical resistance, can be configured as a speed setting switch. The motor current switch 7 can be actuated with a motor switch element 8 designed as a push-button switch element. In this case, the motor switch element 8 is arranged in an upper region of a handle 9, which carries the accumulator pack 5 at its lower end and merges in its upper plane in the drawing plane in a substantially transverse to the handle 9 working housing portion 10. In an alternative embodiment (not shown), the motor switch element 8 actuates a signal generator for electronics which switches the motor current or regulates the speed.

Bei dem gezeigten Elektrohandwerkzeug 1 befindet sich das Schaltgetriebe 3 als Grundeinstellung in einem zweiten Gang, mit dem eine größere Drehzahl, jedoch nur ein kleineres Drehmoment zum Antreiben der Werkzeugaufnahme 4 realisiert werden kann als in einem ersten Gang. Zum Aktivieren des Antriebsmotors 2 muss das Motorschalterelement 8 von einer Bedienperson in Pfeilrichtung 11, also in Richtung in das Gehäuse 6 hinein, betätigt werden, wodurch der Motorschalter 7 den Antriebsmotor 2 mit elektrischer Energie versorgt. Das Motorschalterelement 8 weist einen in der Zeichnungsebene nach oben weisenden, integralen Fortsatz 12 auf. Nachdem das Motorschalterelement 8 soweit in das Gehäuse 6 hinein verstellt wurde, dass der Fortsatz 12 die Strecke s zurückgelegt hat, liegt der Fortsatz 12 an einem verschwenkbar gelagerten Hebel 13 eines Gangumschaltmechanismus des Schaltgetriebes 3 an. Bevorzugt ist der Motorstromschalter 7 in an sich bekannter Weise derart ausgebildet, dass der Motorstrom mit zunehmendem Verstellweg des Motorschalterelementes 8 erhöht wird. Soll ein Umschaltvorgang von dem zweiten, schnelleren Gang in den ersten, langsameren Gang durchgeführt werden, muss das Motorschalterelement 8 weiter in Richtung in das Gehäuse 6 hinein verstellt werden, sodass der Fortsatz 12 eine größere Strecke als die eingezeichnete Strecke s zurücklegt. Bei diesem weiteren Verstellweg ist der auf das Motorschalterelement 8 wirkende Verfahrwiderstand größer als zu Beginn der Verstellbewegung. Dies ist auf eine als Schraubendruckfeder ausgebildete Feder 14 zurückzuführen, die auf einen freien Endbereich des Hebels 13 von in der Zeichnungsebene links nach rechts, also im Wesentlichen entgegen der Pfeilrichtung 11, drückt und somit bestrebt ist, den Hebel 13 in seiner ursprünglichen Schaltposition (zweiter Gang) zu belassen, bzw. ihn dort hin zurück zu verstellen. Anders ausgedrückt steigt die von der Bedienperson aufzubringende Betätigungskraft an, sobald das Motorschalterelement 8 den als Schwenkhebel ausgebildeten Hebel 13 berührt bzw. bewegt, da zusätzlich die auf den Hebel 13 im Bereich seines freien Endes wirkende Feder 14 komprimiert werden muss. Wird das Motorschalterelement 8 weiter bewegt und dadurch der Hebel 13 mittels des integralen Fortsatzes 12 entgegen der Federkraft der Feder 14 verstellt, wird das Schaltgetriebe 3 in an sich bekannter Weise von dem ursprünglichen zweiten in den ersten Gang verstellt und verbleibt solange in der ersten Schaltstellung, wie von der Bedienperson eine ausreichende Betätigungskraft auf das Motorschalterelement 8 ausgeübt wird und dadurch der Hebel 13, trotz der wirkenden Federkraft 14, in einer in der Zeichnungsebene linken, nicht eingezeichneten Position verbleibt.In the electric hand tool 1 shown, the manual transmission 3 is as a basic setting in a second gear, with a greater speed, but only a smaller torque for driving the tool holder 4 can be realized as in a first gear. To activate the drive motor 2, the motor switch element 8 must be actuated by an operator in the direction of the arrow 11, ie in the direction of the housing 6, whereby the motor switch 7 supplies the drive motor 2 with electrical energy. The motor switch element 8 has an integral extension 12 pointing upward in the plane of the drawing. After the motor switch element 8 has been moved so far into the housing 6 in that the extension 12 has traveled the distance s, the extension 12 bears against a pivotably mounted lever 13 of a gear changeover mechanism of the gearbox 3. Preferably, the motor current switch 7 is formed in a conventional manner such that the motor current is increased with increasing displacement of the motor switch element 8. Should a switching process be performed by the second, faster gear in the first, slower gear, the motor switch element 8 must be further adjusted in the direction of the housing 6, so that the extension 12 covers a greater distance than the drawn distance s. In this further adjustment, the force acting on the motor switch element 8 Verfahrwiderstand is greater than at the beginning of the adjustment. This is due to a designed as a helical compression spring spring 14 which presses on a free end portion of the lever 13 in the drawing plane left to right, that is substantially opposite to the arrow 11, and thus endeavors, the lever 13 in its original switching position (second Gang), or to move him back there. In other words, the actuation force to be applied by the operator increases as soon as the motor switch element 8 touches or moves the lever 13 designed as a pivot lever, since in addition the spring 14 acting on the lever 13 in the region of its free end must be compressed. If the motor switch element 8 is moved further and thereby the lever 13 is adjusted by means of the integral extension 12 against the spring force of the spring 14, the manual transmission 3 is moved in a conventional manner from the original second to the first gear and remains in the first switching position, how a sufficient actuating force is exerted on the engine switch element 8 by the operator and thus the lever 13, despite the acting spring force 14, remains in a position not shown on the left in the drawing plane.

Reduziert die Bedienperson die auf das Motorschalterelement 8 ausgeübte Betätigungskraft wird diese geringer als die Federkraft der Feder 14, verstellt die Feder 14 den Hebel 13 zurück in seine (eingezeichnete) Ursprungsposition, wodurch das Schaltgetriebe 3 vom ersten Gang zurück in den zweiten Gang verstellt wird.Reduces the operator, the force exerted on the motor switch element 8 actuating force is less than the spring force of the spring 14, the spring 14 adjusts the lever 13 back to its (drawn) original position, whereby the transmission 3 is moved from the first gear back to second gear.

Zusätzlich zu dem gezeigten Motorschalterelement 8 kann bei Bedarf ein separater Gangumschalter, beispielsweise auf der Oberseite des Arbeitsgehäuseabschnitts 10, angeordnet werden, wobei es bevorzugt ist, einen derartigen separaten Gangumschalter dem Motorschalterelement 8 in seiner Gangumschaltfunktion nachzuordnen. Ebenso ist es denkbar, neben dem Motorschalterelement 8 einen zusätzlichen elektrischen Hauptschalter vorzusehen, der beispielsweise im in der Zeichnungsebene oberen Bereich des Arbeitsgehäuseabschnittes 10 platziert werden kann. Wenn auf ein separates Gangumschaltelement sowie einen zusätzlichen Hauptschalter verzichtet wird, ist das Eckmaß des gezeigten Elektrohandwerkzeugs 1 aufgrund des Verzichts auf das separate Bedienelement geringer als bei bekannten Elektrohandwerkzeugen.In addition to the motor switch element 8 shown, a separate gear change switch, for example, on the top of the working housing portion 10, if necessary, can be arranged, it being preferred to arrange such a separate gear change switch the motor switch element 8 in its Gangumschaltfunktion. Likewise, it is conceivable to provide, in addition to the motor switch element 8, an additional main electrical switch which can be placed, for example, in the upper area of the working housing section 10 in the plane of the drawing. If it is dispensed with a separate Gangumschaltelement and an additional main switch, the corner measure of the electric hand tool 1 shown is due to the omission of the separate control element less than in known electric hand tools.

Claims (14)

  1. Power tool, in particular hand-held power tool, having an electric drive motor (2) which can be activated via a motor switch element (8) and having a gearbox (3) which is driven by the drive motor (2) and has a first and at least a second gear, it being possible for a greater torque to be transmitted by way of the first gear than by way of the second gear, characterized in that the motor switch element (8) is coupled to the gearbox (3) in such a way that the latter can be switched from the second gear into the first gear by means of the motor switch element (8).
  2. Power tool according to Claim 1, characterized in that the motor switch element (8) is configured as a pushbutton switch element.
  3. Power tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an increased moving resistance has to be overcome to switch from the second into the first gear than to activate the drive motor (2).
  4. Power tool according to Claim 3, characterized in that the increased moving resistance is produced by means of at least one spring (14).
  5. Power tool according to Claim 4, characterized in that the spring (14) moves, in particular resets, the motor switch element (8) after a reduction of the actuating force by an operator, in such a way that the gearbox (3) is switched from the first into the second gear.
  6. Power tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the motor switch element (8) is coupled mechanically to a switchover mechanism of the gearbox (3), in particular to a lever (13) of the switchover mechanism.
  7. Power tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a gear switchover element which is separate from the motor switch element (8) is provided.
  8. Power tool according to Claim 7, characterized in that the separate gear switchover element is assigned to the motor switch element (8) in terms of its gear switchover function.
  9. Power tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switchover from the second gear into the first gear is brought about after a predefined adjusting path of the motor switch element (8) into a housing (6) of the power tool is travelled.
  10. Power tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gearbox (3) can be switched from the first gear back into the second gear by way of the motor switch element (8).
  11. Power tool according to Claim 10, characterized in that, after reduction of the actuating force by an operator, the gearbox (3) can be switched from the first gear back into the second gear by way of the motor switch element (8).
  12. Power tool according to Claim 6, characterized in that the motor switch element (8) has an integral projection (12) which is coupled to the pivotably mounted lever (13) of the switchover mechanism.
  13. Power tool according to Claim 12, characterized in that, by adjustment of the motor switch element (8) into the housing (6), the projection (12) comes into contact with the lever (13) after a defined distance (s) is travelled.
  14. Power tool according to either of Claims 12 and 13, characterized in that the switching between the two gears takes place by virtue of the fact that the motor switch element (8) is adjusted into the housing (6) to such an extent that the projection (12) travels a longer path than the distance (s).
EP08871992.7A 2008-01-30 2008-10-16 Power tool Active EP2240304B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10188513.5A EP2305434B1 (en) 2008-01-30 2008-10-16 Electric power tool

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008000176A DE102008000176A1 (en) 2008-01-30 2008-01-30 power tool
PCT/EP2008/063949 WO2009095095A1 (en) 2008-01-30 2008-10-16 Power tool

Related Child Applications (2)

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EP10188513.5A Division-Into EP2305434B1 (en) 2008-01-30 2008-10-16 Electric power tool
EP10188513.5A Division EP2305434B1 (en) 2008-01-30 2008-10-16 Electric power tool

Publications (2)

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EP2240304A1 EP2240304A1 (en) 2010-10-20
EP2240304B1 true EP2240304B1 (en) 2014-03-05

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EP10188513.5A Active EP2305434B1 (en) 2008-01-30 2008-10-16 Electric power tool
EP08871992.7A Active EP2240304B1 (en) 2008-01-30 2008-10-16 Power tool

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US (1) US9878433B2 (en)
EP (2) EP2305434B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5574981B2 (en)
CN (1) CN101932411B (en)
DE (1) DE102008000176A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2497656C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2009095095A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
DE102008000176A1 (en) 2009-08-06
RU2497656C2 (en) 2013-11-10
EP2240304A1 (en) 2010-10-20
CN101932411A (en) 2010-12-29
CN101932411B (en) 2013-03-27
EP2305434A1 (en) 2011-04-06
WO2009095095A1 (en) 2009-08-06
US9878433B2 (en) 2018-01-30
JP5574981B2 (en) 2014-08-20
US20110000691A1 (en) 2011-01-06
EP2305434B1 (en) 2014-01-29
RU2010135628A (en) 2012-03-10
JP2011510825A (en) 2011-04-07

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