EP2219876B1 - Document having an integrated display device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a document having an integrated display device (102), comprising display elements disposed in a matrix, wherein the matrix has row lines (Z0, Z1,..., Z n-1) and column lines (S1, S2,..., Sm-1), wherein each of the display elements can be activated via at least one of the row lines and via at least one of the column lines, and having an electronic circuit (104, 106) for the selection of the row lines and the column lines for activating the display elements, and wherein groups of row lines and/or column lines are determined, in that the row lines and/or column lines of the same group are associated with each other such that the row lines and/or column lines of said group can be selected only together by means of the electronic circuit.

Description

The present invention relates to a document with an integrated display device, in particular a value or security document, a method for authenticating a document and a method for producing a document.

Chip cards with integrated display device are already known from the prior art. The US 6,068,183 shows a smart card system having a display device for displaying advertising information, wherein the smart card can receive the advertising information from a data source.

Out WO 2007/137555 A2 is an electronically configurable motor vehicle license plate with a display known. In order to configure the motor vehicle license plate, data is assembled and encrypted in an external configuration unit. The encrypted data is transmitted by an infrared transmitter integrated in the configuration unit as infrared signals. In the display electronics for the motor vehicle license plate, the signals are decrypted, for which a corresponding decryption software is stored in the display electronics. Other electronic vehicle license plates are known from US 5,657,008 and US 2007/0285361 A1 ,

Out GB 2 394 418 A is a document with an integrated

Display device known.

In contrast, the invention has for its object to provide an improved document with an integrated display device and a method for authentication and for producing such a document.

The objects underlying the invention are each achieved with the features of the independent claims. Preferred embodiments of the invention are indicated in the dependent claims.

According to the invention, a document is provided with an integrated display device which has display elements arranged in a matrix. The matrix has row lines and column lines, so that each of the display elements of the display device can be controlled via at least one of the row lines and at least one of the column lines.

According to the invention, a "document" is understood to mean paper-based and / or plastic-based documents, such as identity documents, in particular passports, identity cards, visas, driver's licenses, vehicle registration documents, vehicle documents, company ID cards or other ID documents, as well as chip cards, means of payment, in particular bank cards and credit cards or bills of lading.

A "document" is also understood to mean an electronic license plate, in particular an electronic license plate number. The document can also form an integral part of a means of transport, in particular of a motor vehicle. For example, the document can be integrated in the front or rear hood or in the so-called. Front end or backend by a display there is introduced or applied according to the invention.

The document can also be metal-based, in particular sheet-based; So it can have a document body made of sheet metal. However, it may also have a document body of a different material, such as e.g. from a composite material, as used in vehicle construction.

The display device integrated in the document may be an active or passive matrix display. In particular, the display device may be an electrophoretic or electrochromic display, a bistable display, a rotary element display, in particular so-called electronic paper ("e-paper"), an LED display, in particular an inorganic, organic or hybrid LED display , an LCD display in various embodiments (eg, twisted nematic, super twisted nematic, cholesteric, nematic), a ferroelectric display, an electrowetting effect display, an interferometric modulator element (IMOD) display, a hybrid display or a display based on a flexible display, as commercially available, for example, from Citala ( www.citala.com ) (cf. US 2006/0250535 A1 and WO 2007/054944 ), act.

An inventive document has an electronic circuit for selecting the row lines and the column lines for the control of the display elements. At least some of the row lines and / or column lines are assigned to groups. The row lines and / or column lines of the same group can only be selected jointly by the electronic circuit.

Embodiments of the invention are particularly advantageous since a display device can be adapted to the image information to be displayed by the definition of groups. For example, if a face image is to be output in a first area of the display device and textual information is to be output in a second area of the display device, the invention makes it possible to adapt the image resolutions in the first and second areas of the display device accordingly, i. to choose a high image resolution in the first region and a low image resolution in the second region.

As a result, the cost of implementing the driver logic for the display device can be reduced. Furthermore, this also reduces the space required for storing the image data. Overall, the efficient use of the driver logic and the available memory space due to the locally varying image resolution means that only a relatively small circuit area is needed to realize a driver for the display device. This is advantageous for the integration of the electronic circuit in the document.

By "image data" is meant here all data intended to generate a video display on the display device of the document, eg the data of a digital photograph, a scanned biometric feature, a barcode, a text to be displayed, or other information.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the information output via the display device is a vehicle parameter and / or a charging status of the motor vehicle. The document, in particular in the embodiment as an electronic license plate, can be attached to the motor vehicle or a motor vehicle part.

The vehicle parameter may be e.g. to the speed of the motor vehicle, a noise level or an emission value act. In particular, it can be output by the information which pollutant class the motor vehicle fulfills, in particular according to the applicable particulate matter ordinance.

By issuing the charge status, it can be displayed whether the prescribed fees, taxes and / or duties, in particular tolls, motor vehicle taxes and / or exhaust gas charges, have been paid for the motor vehicle.

Embodiments of the invention also have the advantage that the definition of groups of the row lines and / or column lines gives a security feature which can be used to authenticate the document.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the definition of the groups of row lines and / or column lines is effected by electrical connections. These electrical connections can be made by conductive inks applied, for example, by ink jet or screen printing between the row lines and / or column lines to be associated with each other. Other high, low, through, flat, and digital printing techniques may also be used to apply the conductive inks.

Alternatively, the formation of the electrical contacts by means of a laser can be done. For this purpose, for example by means of carbonization, a conductive connection is made from an insulating polymer located between the row lines and / or column lines.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the row lines and / or column lines are connected to one another by fusible contacts, that is to say so-called fuses. The definition of the groups of row lines and / or column lines then takes place in such a way that selected fuses are burnt out by applying corresponding voltages there in order to selectively remove the electrical contacts between the row lines and / or column lines.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the definition of the groups of row lines and / or column lines takes place on a logical level by an assignment rule. The electronic circuitry of the document may be programmed with the mapping rule to implement the desired definition of the groups of row lines and / or column lines.

According to one embodiment of the invention, an area of the display device is designed for autostereoscopic image reproduction. This area of the display device is preferably a region of high image resolution with no or with only a slight degree of grouping of the row lines and / or column lines. For the autostereoscopic image generation can be arranged on the display device, an optical layer, as it is known from the WO 2007/048855 A1 is known.

According to one embodiment of the invention, a plurality of display segments are formed in the display device by assigning a plurality of the row lines and column lines to the same group, thereby resulting in each case a display segment. This embodiment is particularly advantageous because it leads to a particular extent to the reduction of the data volume for the control of the display device, since the display elements of the same display segment are driven together with the same image information.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the electrical circuit is a drive circuit for the display device. The driver circuit may form an integral part of the display device itself, it may be part of a chip implanted in the document, in particular an RFID chip or as a separate component part of the circuit.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the display device may comprise picture elements each having at least three display elements for a color reproduction. Each of the display elements of a given pixel is connected to a separate row and column line. In order to form regions of the display device for black-and-white reproduction, the row and column lines of the display elements of picture elements in this black-and-white display region are combined into groups which can each be activated only together.

For example, in the black-and-white display area, the reproduction of textual information or a bar code such as a 2D or 3D bar code is performed, whereas in the remaining display area, a color photograph is reproduced. By combining the row lines and column lines into groups in the black-and-white display area, in turn, the driver logic can be simplified and reduces the data volume required to drive the display device.

In a further aspect, the invention relates to a method for authenticating a document. In this case, the invention utilizes the fact that the definition of groups of the row lines and / or column lines simultaneously provides a security feature. Authentication of the document is based on this security feature.

In one embodiment of the invention, the definition of the groups takes place through the formation of electrical contacts between the row lines and / or column lines. These contacts are optically detected by a reader. The pattern thus detected is compared with a reference pattern to check the authenticity of the document.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the definition of the groups takes place on a logical level by an assignment rule. In this case, the authenticity of the document is checked using the assignment rule. For example, this is an assignment rule from a reader to the electronic circuit of the document. Based on this mapping rule, the electronic circuit then drives the display device to render an image. This image is optically captured and evaluated by the reader to verify the authenticity of the document.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the pattern given by the assignment of row lines and / or column lines to groups can serve to establish a cryptographic key. This cryptographic key can in turn be used to authenticate the document.

In a further aspect, the invention provides a method of making a document comprising the steps of: providing a display device having display elements arranged in a matrix, the array comprising row lines and column lines, each of the display elements passing over at least one of the row lines and at least one of the row lines the column lines can be controlled; Providing an electronic circuit for selecting the row lines and the column lines for driving the display elements; Provision of a document body for accommodating the display device and the electronic circuit, defining groups of row lines and / or column lines by assigning the row lines and / or column lines of the same group to one another such that the row lines and / or column lines of this group only together by the electronic Circuit are selectable.

For example, the display device is a standardized component. For the production of different types of a document according to the invention, the display devices are individualized by the definition of groups of row lines and / or column lines.

For example, the specifications of various states may differ as to the display of image information on the display device. For example, a first state may require a facial image to be rendered at the top left of the display, whereas a second state may require that the playback is done on the bottom right. Accordingly, the individualization of the display devices takes place depending on the application.

The individualization of the display devices can take place on the occasion of the production of document blanks. The document blanks with the individualized display devices are issued, for example, at identification points, which personalize the document blanks on the basis of the personal data of the citizen for which the identity documents are to be issued.

In a further aspect, the invention relates to a reading device for a document according to the invention, which is designed to detect the assignment of the row lines and / or the column lines to groups. Preferably, the reading device is further configured to compare the detected assignment with a reference assignment. If the actually detected assignment matches the reference assignment, the corresponding security feature of the document is fulfilled.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the reading device is designed to detect the document of a passing means of transport; In this embodiment, the document is designed, for example, as an electronic license plate. The reader may e.g. serve for detecting a vehicle parameter, a driving parameter or a charging status of the motor vehicle, in particular for carrying out traffic checks, exhaust gas controls and / or fee controls

Figur 1

ein Blockdiagramm einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Dokuments,

Figur 2

eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Anzeigevorrichtung zur Darstellung von deren Matrixstruktur,

Figur 3

die Anzeigevorrichtung der Figur 2 nach Durchführung eines Individualisierungsschritts,

Figur 4

die Anzeigevorrichtung der Figuren 2 und 3 mit elektrischen Kontakten für die Individualisierung,

Figur 5

eine Draufsicht einer Anzeigevorrichtung mit vier voneinander getrennten Bereichen,

Figur 6

die Anzeigevorrichtung der Figur 5 mit elektrischen Kontakten,

Figur 7

eine Detailansicht eines zwischen zwei Zeilen- oder Spaltenleitungen gebildeten elektrischen Kontakts,

Figur 8

den elektrischen Kontakt der Figur 7 nach dessen Durchtrennung,

Figur 9

ein Blockdiagramm einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Dokuments und eines Lesegeräts,

Figur 10

ein Flussdiagramm einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,

Figur 11

ein Flussdiagramm einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.

In the following, embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. Show it:

FIG. 1

a block diagram of an embodiment of a document according to the invention,

FIG. 2

a schematic plan view of a display device for displaying its matrix structure,

FIG. 3

the display device of FIG. 2 after performing an individualization step,

FIG. 4

the display device of Figures 2 and 3 with electrical contacts for customization,

FIG. 5

a top view of a display device with four separate areas,

FIG. 6

the display device of FIG. 5 with electrical contacts,

FIG. 7

a detailed view of an electrical contact formed between two row or column lines,

FIG. 8

the electrical contact of the FIG. 7 after its severance,

FIG. 9

a block diagram of another embodiment of a document according to the invention and a reader,

FIG. 10

a flow chart of an embodiment of a method according to the invention,

FIG. 11

a flowchart of another embodiment of a method according to the invention.

Elements of the following embodiments corresponding to each other are denoted by the same reference numerals.

The FIG. 1 shows a document 100 in a schematic plan view. The document 100 may be a paper and / or plastic based document, in particular a value or security document, such as an identity document or an electronic license plate.

The document 100 has an integrated display device 102, wherein the display device 102 may be a so-called active or passive matrix display. The display device 102 has a number of n row lines Z0 to Zn-1 and a number of m column lines S0 to Sm-1.

The row lines are each equidistant in the row direction and the column lines are arranged equidistantly in the column direction. Alternatively, the distance between two adjacent row lines and the distance between two adjacent column lines may be different.

Through the row lines and the column lines, a matrix is formed. At the intersections of the row lines and the column lines display elements of the display device 102 are arranged, which can be controlled by driving the row line and the column line, which forms the respective intersection point.

The document 100 has a driver circuit 104 for selecting the row lines and the column lines for driving the display elements of the display device 102. The document 100 further has an integrated electronic circuit, ie a so-called chip 106. The driver circuit 104 may be an integral part of the display device 102 or of the chip 106. You can also, as in the FIG. 1 represented as a separate component, which is connected to both the chip 106 and the display device 102 via signal lines.

The chip 106 has a data memory 108 for storing data to be displayed on the display device 102. This may be, for example, facial image data 110 and / or graphical data of a user of the document 100 as well as text data 112, such as textual information about the user of the document 100, such as date of birth, place of residence, size or the like. Alternatively or in addition to the graphical data 110 and the text data 112, data for reproducing a two- or three-dimensional barcode or the like may also be stored in the data memory 108.

The chip 106 includes a processor 114 for executing program instructions 116. By executing the program instructions 116, the processor retrieves the face image data 110 and / or the text data 112 from the data memory 108 and passes them to the driver circuit 104 for driving the display device 102 accordingly the face image data 110 and / or the text data 112 are reproduced.

The chip 106 may be connected to an interface 118. The interface 118 may be contact-based, contactless or designed as a so-called dual mode interface. In particular, the interface 118 may be a so-called RFID interface with an antenna. The interface 118 may be based on an electrical, capacitive, inductive, magnetic, optical or other physical coupling method. For contactless coupling via an antenna, this can be designed, for example, as a coil, dipole or in the form of capacitive surfaces.

The interface 118 serves to power the chip 106, the driver circuit 104 and / or the display device 102 and / or to communicate with an external device, such as a reading device for the document 100. In particular, the interface 118 may be configured such that a external reader on data stored in the data memory 108, in particular biometric data, read access. As a condition for such a read access, the previous implementation of a so-called Basic Access Control (BAC) method and / or Extended Access Control (EAC) method can be provided.

Preferably, the display device 102 is flexible and bendable. The electrical and electronic components of the document 100, such as the interface 118, the chip 106 and / or the driver circuit 104, may be wholly or partially applied to a document body of the document 100 in order to allow maximum flexibility of the document 100.

In addition to those in the FIG. 1 shown components of the document 100 may have these elements of the value or security printing, in particular applied by printing security features. Examples include tactile properties of intaglio printing or the tilt effect with optically variable colors. In printing and security printing, special inks are generally used to ensure distinctness. Thus, for example, personalization data introduced by means of ink-jet printing is secured by means of fluorescent inks, for example.

For example, the document 100 may conform to the ICAO 9303 machine readable travel document standard based on ISO 14443 A / B. The interface 118 is then configured for high frequency communication at 13.56 MHz with an external reader.

The display device 102 may have a relatively high resolution for brilliant black-and-white or color rendering, particularly the facial image data 110 or a symbol. The high resolution may also be required for the optical output of information, in particular a driving parameter or a charging status, with a relatively high data rate. On the other hand, the reproduction of the text data 112 requires only a lower resolution. In order to reduce the complexity required for the driver circuit 104, it is arranged that groups of row lines and groups of column lines of the display device 102 are set by assigning the row lines and the column lines of the same group to each other such that the row lines and the column lines the same group can only be selected jointly by the driver circuit 104. In addition to the complexity of the driver circuit, this also reduces the volume of data required for the control.

In a first embodiment, such a definition of groups is achieved by electrical contacts between the row lines and the column lines of the same group. In the embodiment considered here, the column lines S0, S1 and S2 are connected to each other by an electrical contact 120 so that they are electrically at the same potential. These column lines S0, S1, S2 thus form a group that can only be controlled jointly by the driver 104, for example by applying a control signal to the driver circuit 104 on only one of the column lines S0, S1 or S2 of this group. By means of such a control signal all column lines of this group are selected. The same applies to the column lines S3, S4 and S5, which are connected to one another by a contact 122, and the column lines S6, S7 and S8, which are connected to one another by a contact 124.

Further, through the contacts 126, 128 and 130, groups of row wirings are set, namely a group including the row wirings Z0, Z1 and Z2, a group including the row wirings Z3, Z4, Z5 and a group including the row wirings Z6, Z7 and Z8.

By this grouping of row lines and column lines, a range 132 is defined in the display device 102, which has a lower resolution than the remaining area of the display device 102. In the embodiment considered here, the resolution in the region 132 is one-ninth of the resolution of the region 133 upper right of the display device 102, since nine display elements are combined into one drivable pixel due to the grouping of the row lines and column lines, and one third of the resolution of the other areas.

The driver circuit 104 is designed so that the groups of row lines and column lines of the area 132 are driven to reproduce the text data 112, which is possible due to the required small amount of data and low complexity of the control with little technical effort, whereas the face image data 110 by driving the display elements of the display device 102 located outside of the area 132 take place.

Alternatively to a definition of the groups of row lines and column lines via the electrical contacts 120 to 130, an assignment table 134 or an assignment specification of the same content may be stored in the driver circuit 104, which assigns this assignment of row lines and column lines Implemented groups at a logical level. If, for example, the driver circuit 104 generates a signal for selecting a column line which is logically assigned to a specific group of column lines, further signals for the selection of the other column lines of the same group are automatically generated by the driver circuit 104. The situation is similar for the control of the row lines for which a group membership in the allocation table 134 is defined.

From relatively few stored data, the driver circuit 104 can thus fill a high-resolution display by multiple use of the same data. For this purpose, a stored pixel information is sent via the driver logic of the driver circuit 104 to, for example, two, four or more real existing display elements, and thus the actual resolution of the display device 102 is lowered. Instead of the mapping table 134, a fixed algorithm may also be programmed in the driver circuit 104, which groups together various display elements or row lines and / or column lines for collective control.

The invention therefore makes possible a data reduction, in particular for the reproduction of the text data 112, since separate image information need not be stored for each pixel to be reproduced because of the collective control of the row lines and column lines in the region 132.

This reduced data volume is particularly advantageous when the chip 106 is an RFID chip, since with such RFID chips the available memory space of the data memory 108 is generally very limited. Of particular advantage here is also that the personalization, that is, the storage of the data in the data memory 108, can be done faster because this must be done via the relatively slow RFID interface 118.

Another particular advantage is that by the definition of groups of the row lines and the column lines, an individualization of the display device 102 is given, which can be used as a security feature. Due to the specific assignment of the row lines and column lines to groups, the display device 102 differs from standard display devices 102, in particular if this assignment takes place on a physical level by the introduction of contacts 120 to 130. In this way, an additional protection against manipulation of the document 100 is given, for example against the fact that the display device 102 in the document 100 is replaced by another identical display device 102.

The information output by the driver circuit 104 via the display device 102 may also be a vehicle parameter and / or a charge status. The information may be in the form of text data 112 and / or in lieu of the facial image data 110. In such an embodiment, the document 100 is embodied as an automotive electronic license plate attached to or forming an integral part of the motor vehicle.

By way of example, the driver circuit 104 or the chip 106 may have an interface to a motor vehicle electronic device which sends the information to be output to the interface at regular or irregular intervals. The motor vehicle electronic device may be, for example, a so-called Electronic Control Unit (ECU). The motor vehicle electronic device can be networked with the interface via a motor vehicle bus system in order to transmit the information to be output via the motor vehicle bus system.

For example, the motor vehicle electronic device can be used to detect a vehicle parameter, on the basis of sensor signals. For example, a sensor is used to detect a current exhaust gas value of the motor vehicle. This current exhaust gas value is transmitted in the form of information from the motor vehicle electronic device to the electronic circuit 104, so that the exhaust gas value is output via the display 102. Accordingly, for other vehicle parameters, such as the speed, currently from the motor vehicle generated noise level or other environmental and / or safety-relevant vehicle parameters are moved.

Alternatively or additionally, the motor vehicle electronic device is designed to determine a charging status. For example, it is determined by the motor vehicle electronic device whether a required fee, such as a toll, a tax, or a waste gas charge, has been paid for or paid for the motor vehicle. Corresponding information indicating the charging status is output by the motor vehicle electronic device to the electronic circuit 104, so that this information is output via the display 102. This can be done for example by displaying a charge sticker on the display 102.

Accordingly, the reader 108 for detecting the information output via the display 102 may be formed by the stationary and / or the traveling motor vehicle. The reader 108 may be connected via a network to a central server computer in which the information captured by the display 102 is evaluated.

The text data 112 may be the official license plate number here. Visually visible on the display 102, therefore, is the official motor vehicle license plate and, in addition, one or more further information items that can be perceived visually or imperceptibly without a reading device, depending on the embodiment.

In this embodiment, an update of the registration number may be performed by updating the text data 112, for example by sending data including the updated registration number to the interface from the automotive electronic unit via the automotive bus system.

The FIG. 2 shows a schematic, not to scale top view of a display device 102 with, for example m = 25 and n = 25 display elements, ie 625 so-called pixels. The display device 102 is used as a standard component, for example produced. In a practical embodiment, m and n can be much larger.

The FIG. 3 shows the display device 102 after an individualization. The individualization was carried out here in such a way that the column lines S0 to S23 have been combined in pairs into column groups (SG), ie the column lines S0, S1 form the column group SG0, the column lines S2, S3 the column group SG1, etc. Analogously, the row lines Z0 to Z24 have been combined in pairs to form row groups (ZG), ie the row lines Z0, Z1 to ZG0, the row lines Z2, Z3 to ZG1, etc.

By defining groups of the row wirings and column wirings, regions of different resolution of the display device result, namely areas of high, medium and low resolution. The top left quadrant QI and the bottom right quadrant QIII each have a medium resolution, whereas the bottom left quadrant QIV has a low resolution and the quadrant top right QII has a high resolution.

For example, the display elements of the display device 102 arranged in the quadrant QII serve to reproduce the facial image data 110 (see FIG. FIG. 1 ) with maximum resolution, whereas the middle resolution areas, ie, quadrants QI and QII, serve to reproduce textual information, and the low resolution area QIV is for bar code reproduction.

The realization of the combination of the row lines and the column lines into the groups SG and ZG can take place at the physical level by electrical contacts or at the logical level by an allocation table or an assignment rule, as described above with reference to FIGS FIG. 1 already explained.

The FIG. 4 shows an embodiment for the realization of the groups of row lines and column lines by pairwise electrical connection by means of the contacts 120, 122, 124, ... of the row lines S0 to S23 and by contacting the row lines Z0 to Z24 by means of the contacts 126, 128, 130, ... The FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the display device 102 with four separate matrices MI, MII, MIII and MIV, each having separate and electrically isolated from one another row and column lines. By contacting the row lines and the column lines of the matrix MIV in pairs, a region of lower resolution is created in the display device 102 than in the regions of the matrices MI, MII and MIII, as in FIG FIG. 6 shown. The advantage of this embodiment is that no distorted resolution can result in the medium resolution areas.

In another embodiment, the display device is designed as a color display, so that realize at least three different display elements, for example, the colors red, green and blue one pixel. If the row lines and the column lines of the display elements belonging to the same picture element are each combined into groups, then the individual display elements of a picture element are no longer individual but only collectively controllable, so that a monochrome display results in the area 132.

In addition, the resolution can also be reduced to the area 132 by further combining the column groups and the row groups of the display elements of the picture elements into larger collectives. This is particularly advantageous if in the area 132 text data are to be displayed in black and white, whereas the remaining area of the display device 102 is provided for a brilliant reproduction of the face image data 110 in color.

In a further embodiment, the display device 102 is designed for the autostereoscopic production of three-dimensional images. For this purpose, it is necessary for the display device 102 to be able to reproduce two different images from different viewing angles, so that therefore each image element is to be executed at least twice. On the display device 102 may be arranged a lens or line structure to produce the three-dimensional impression in the viewer, as it is known from the WO 2007/048855 A1 and the other prior art mentioned therein.

If only text data 112 is to be output in area 132, a three-dimensional rendering is not required there. Therefore, in order to simplify the control and to reduce the data, the column lines and the row lines of two associated double-executed picture elements are combined there.

The formation of the contacts 120 to 130 (see the embodiments of the FIG. 1 . FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 ) can be achieved by applying a conductive ink, for example, by inkjet or screen printing or other known printing method, such as high, low, through, flat and digital printing. Alternatively, there is an insulating polymer between the row lines and the column lines of the display device. The electrical contacts 120 to 130 are then made by irradiating the insulating polymer with a laser beam, since the insulating polymer is thereby transformed by carbonation into a conductive compound.

Alternatively, in the manufacture of the display device 102, all of the row lines and the column lines may be contacted by fuses. For the purpose of individualizing the display device 102, selected ones of these fusible contacts are opened electrically by briefly applying a current there, which leads to the melting of the relevant fusible contact.

Alternatively, not all row lines and column lines are contacted with each other in this embodiment, but groups each having a plurality of row lines and column lines are formed, so that the display device 102 initially has only a low resolution. The resolution of the display device 102 can then be locally increased by selectively removing these contacts.

The FIG. 7 shows by way of example the contact 120 (cf. FIGS. 1 . 4 and 6 ) between the column lines S0 and S1. The display device 102 is first made so that the contact 120 already exists. For individualization of the display device 102, the contact 120 can be removed, for example by laser ablation. Alternatively, between the column lines S0 and S1 becomes short-circuited applied a voltage that causes the contact 120 melts through, so that the column lines S0 and S1 are then no longer electrically contacted and therefore can be controlled individually.

The FIG. 8 shows the representation of FIG. 7 after the contact 120 has been severed.

The individualization of the display device 102, i. the definition of groups of the row lines and / or column lines for the collective control of the relevant display elements can take place before, during or after the introduction of the display device 102 into the document body of the document 100. In particular, the individualization of the display device 102 can take place during the production of blanks of the document 100. These document blanks can then be personalized at a later date with the personal details and biometric data of the document's bearer.

Alternatively, the individualization of the display device 102 takes place together with the personalization.

The FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of the document 100, wherein by the definition of groups of the row lines and / or column lines, a pattern is given, which is used as a security feature. For example, the contact of the column lines S0, S1; the column lines S2 is not assigned to a group; the contact 122 defines a group consisting of the column lines S3, S4 and S5; by the contact 124 a group consisting of S6, S7, S3, S9 and by the contact 125 a group consisting of S10 and S11.

With regard to the row lines, groups 126, 128 and 130 form row lines Z0, Z1, Z2 as well as Z3, Z4, Z5, Z6 and Z7, Z8. This irregular combination of column lines and row lines into groups gives a pattern which can be checked with the aid of a reading device 136. The reader 136 has for this purpose an optical sensor 138 for optically detecting the display device 102. The reader 136 also has a control program 140 with program instructions for processing the data supplied by the optical sensor 138 and an application program 144. The reading device 136 further has an interface 146 for communicating with the interface 118 of the document 100, for example contactlessly via an RFID method.

In order to check the security feature given by the definition of the groups, the display device 102 is optically read with the aid of the optical sensor 138, for example by optically detecting the electrical contacts 120 to 130 themselves or by outputting a reference image on the display device 102 in which this grouping comes to light. The data provided by the optical sensor 138 is processed by the program instructions 142 and stored with a reference value, i. a reference assignment compared. In accordance with the reference value, the control program 140 issues a corresponding signal to the application program 144 to indicate the authenticity of the document 100. The application program 144 can then access the chip 106 of the document 100 via the interfaces 146 and 118.

The document 100 may include additional security features that are also tested by the reader 136. Furthermore, a BAC and / or EAC protection mechanism may be implemented to protect the data stored in the chip 106.

In an alternative embodiment, the definition of the groups is not given by the electrical contacts 120 to 130 but by the assignment rule 134. This assignment rule 134 is also present in the control program 140 as a reference. Alternatively, the assignment rule 134 may be specified by the control program 140. This can be done so that the assignment rule 134 is transmitted via the interfaces 146, 118 to the driver 104.

The FIG. 10 a corresponding flow chart. In step 200, the display device 102 is optically detected by the reader to optically detect the combination of the row lines and / or column lines into groups and the pattern formed thereby. This pattern is used in step 202 of FIG Reader compared with a reference value. If there is not a sufficient match, then in step 204 the abort occurs, ie the document is rejected as being not authentic. In the opposite case, the security feature is considered satisfied at step 206. In order for the document to be considered authentic, additional security features may additionally be present which can also be checked.

The FIG. 11 shows an alternative embodiment of an authentication method according to the invention. In step 300, the reader transmits an assignment rule to the driver of the document, for example by means of an RFID method. The assignment rule defines collectives of display elements, row lines and / or column lines which can only be controlled collectively. In step 302, for example, a reference image stored in the data memory of the chip is reproduced on the display device on the basis of this assignment rule. In step 304, this image reproduction is detected by the reader and compared with a reference value for the purpose of verification. If the captured image matches the reference image, the security feature is considered satisfied.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100

document

102

display device

104

driver circuit

106

chip

108

data storage

110

Face image data

112

text data

114

processor

116

program instructions

118

interface

120

Contact

122

Contact

124

Contact

125

Contact

126

Contact

128

Contact

130

Contact

132

Area

133

Area

134

allocation table

136

reader

138

optical sensor

140

control program

142

program instructions

144

application program

146

interface

Claims (15)

1. Document having an integrated display device (102) having display elements arranged in a matrix, wherein the matrix has row lines (Z₀, Z₁,...,Z_n-1) and column lines (S₀, S₁,...,S_m-1, wherein each of the display elements is actuatable via at least one of the row lines (Z₀, Z₁,...,Z_n-1) and at least one of the column lines (S₀, S₁,...,S_m-1), and with an electronic circuit (104, 106) for selecting the row lines and the column lines for actuating the display elements, characterized in that groups of row lines (Z₀, Z₁,...,Z_n-1) and/or column lines (S₀, S₁,..., S_m-1) are defined by mutually associating the row lines (Z₀, Z₁,...,Z_n-1) and/or column lines (S₀, S₁,...,S_m-1) of the same group such that the row lines (Z₀, Z₁,...,Z_n-1) and/or column lines (S₀, S₁,...,S_m-1) of this group are only selectable together by the electronic circuit.
2. Document according to Claim 1, with electrical contacts (120, 122, 124, 126, 128, 130,...) for electrically connecting the row lines (Z₀, Z₁,...,Z_n-1) and/or column lines (S₀, S₁,...,S_m-1) of the same group, wherein the electrical contacts define the groups.
3. Document according to Claim 1, wherein the electronic circuit is configured for carrying out an association rule (124), wherein the association rule defines the association of row lines (Z₀, Z₁,...,Z_n-1) and/or column lines (So, S₁,...,S_m-1) with the groups.
4. Document according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the display device has at least one first region of a first image resolution and at least one second region (132) of a second image resolution, with the second image resolution being lower than the first resolution, with the second region containing one or more of the groups.
5. Document according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least some of the groups contain row lines (Z₀, Z₁,...,Z_n-1) and column lines (S₀, S₁,...,S_m-1), with the result that display segments are formed by these groups.
6. Document according to claim 3, 4 or 5, with a data storage means (108) for storing first image data (110) of a first resolution for reproduction in the first region and for storing second image data (112) of a second resolution for reproduction in the second region.
7. Document according to Claim 6, wherein the first image data are a face image or biometric data and the second image data are text information or a barcode.
8. Document according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the display device has per pixel at least three of the display elements for a colour reproduction, wherein the display device is configured in a third region for colour reproduction and in a fourth region for monochrome reproduction, by the column lines (S₀, S₁,...,S_m-1) and the row lines (Z₀, Z₁,...,Z_n-1) of the display elements of the same pixel are mutually associated in the fourth region in each case in one of the groups, such that they are only actuatable together.
9. Document according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the document is an electronic number plate of a motor vehicle.
10. Document according to Claim 9, with an interface, wherein the interface is configured for receiving information to be reproduced on the display device (102).
11. Document according to Claim 10, wherein the interface is configured for receiving the information from a motor vehicle electronic appliance, wherein the information is a number plate of a vehicle, a vehicle parameter and/or a fee status.
12. Method for producing a document with the following steps:

    - making available a display device (102) having display elements which are arranged in a matrix, wherein the matrix has row lines (Z₀, Z₁,...,Z_n-1) and column lines (S₀, S₁,..., S_m-1), wherein each of the display elements is actuatable via at least one of the row lines and at least one of the column lines,

    - making available an electronic circuit (104, 106) for selecting the row lines (Z₀, Z₁,...,Z_n-1) and the column lines (S₀, S₁,...,S_m-1) for actuating the display elements,

    - making available a document body for receiving the display device and the electronic circuit,

    - defining groups of row lines and/or column lines by mutually associating the row lines (Z₀, Z₁,...,Z_n-1) and/or column lines (So, S₁,...,S_m-1) of the same group such that the row lines (Z₀, Z₁,...,Z_n-1) and/or column lines (S₀, S₁,...,S_m-1) of this group are only selectable together by the electronic circuit.
13. Method according to Claim 12, wherein the groups are defined by forming or interrupting electrical contacts (120, 122, 124, 126, 128, 130,...) between the row lines (Z₀, Z₁,...,Z_n-1) and/or column lines (S₀, S₁,...,S_m-1).
14. Method according to Claim 12 or 13, wherein said defining is carried out by programing the electronic circuit with an association rule.
15. Method according to Claim 12, 13 or 14, wherein said defining is carried out using contacts provided by printing technology using relief printing, gravure printing, permeative printing processes, planographic printing and digital printing.

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