EP2187162A2 - Glass-to-fixing-material bushing and use thereof as well as airbag and seat-belt tensioner with an initiatot - Google Patents

Abstract

Metal fixing device (1) comprises multiple metal pins (4), which are installed with a base (3) through openings (11) and a fixing material (6). The base has two sides, which are front side (13) and back side (12). Thickness of the base is 1.5-3 mm. A base unit (35) is installed between front and back sides of the base. The base unit prevents relative movement of the back side fixing material and inner periphery (15) of the opening.

Description

The invention relates to a metal fixing material implementation, in detail with the features of the preamble of claim 1; a use as well as a gas generator, airbag and belt tensioner with an ignition device comprising a metal fixing material passage.

Metal fuser feedthroughs are previously known in various designs from the prior art. This refers to vacuum-tight fusions of fixing materials, in particular glasses or plastics in metals. The metals act as electrical conductors. Deputy becomes thereby on US-A-5,345,872 . US-A-3,274,937 directed. Such feedthroughs are widely used in electronics and electrical engineering. The material used for melting, in particular glass serves as an insulator. Typical metal fuser feedthroughs are constructed such that metallic inner conductors are fused into a preformed sintered glass part, wherein the sintered glass part or the glass tube is fused into an outer metal part with the so-called base body. Examples of preferred applications of such metal-fixing material feedthroughs are ignition devices. These are used, inter alia, for airbags or belt tensioners in motor vehicles. In this case, the metal fixing material passages are part of an ignition device. The entire ignition device comprises, in addition to the metal fixing material implementation, a detonating bridge, the explosive and a metal cover which tightly surrounds the ignition mechanism. Through the implementation of either one or two or more than two metallic pins can be passed. In a preferred embodiment with a metallic pin, the housing is grounded, in a preferred two-pole design one of the pins. The ignition device or ignition device described above is used in particular for airbags or for belt tensioners in motor vehicles. Known ignition devices of the aforementioned or similar type are described in US 6,274,252 . US 5,621,183 . DE 29 04 174 A1 .

DE 199 27 233 A1 . US 5,732,634 . US 3,134,329 . DE 34 15 625 A1 . EP 1 225 415 A1 . US 3,971,320 . EP 0 248 977 B1 . US 2002/0069781 A1 . DE 101 33 223 A1 such as EP 1 491 848 A1 and EP 1 455 160 A1 , the disclosure of which is incorporated in full in the present application. The aforementioned ignition units have two metal pins. But there are also electronic igniters possible, which have only a single pin. The ignition devices shown in the prior art comprise a metal base body, for example a metal sleeve which is designed as a turned part or a base body made of plastic. The metal base body has at least one passage opening through which at least one metal pin is performed. A major problem of this embodiment is that such an embodiment is material and cost-intensive and further by the execution of a rotary member, the execution of the passage opening deviating from a circular cross-section only with additional effort is possible. Furthermore, the rotating parts are characterized by relatively large dimensions, which is reflected in a corresponding required dimensioning of the entire ignition device.

Out EP 1 491 848 A1 Embodiments of ignition units are previously known which comprise a pair of electrodes arranged in an insulating material and a base body in the form of a housing. To increase the resistance to the pressure generated when the ignition is triggered and thus to increase the expression force, means are provided on one of the components of the metal fixing material feedthrough which are in operative connection with one another. These are carried out either on the fixing material, the electrode or the base body on the surface formed to the adjacent element. The design on the base body includes at least one step, ie, change in cross section in the passage opening, which causes an increase in surface area at the surface exposed to the pressure during the ignition process. Regarding the choice of material for the body there are no restrictions, so that here, depending on the design, especially when trained as a rotating part also the disadvantages mentioned above, which is due to the additional required Increase the incorporation of the appropriate means to increase the tightening or Ausdrückkraft still.

A generic metal Fixiermaterialausführung is from the document EP 1 455 160 A1 previously known. This discloses a metal-Fixiermaterial-implementation, which is referred to in a specific embodiment as a glass-metal feedthrough, with a metallic base body through which at least one metal pin is performed. If, in a preferred embodiment, two metal pins are provided, one of the two makes at least indirectly, ie directly or indirectly via further elements, the ground connection to the main body. When executed with two metal pins these metal pins are preferably arranged parallel to each other. At least one of the metal pins is arranged in a passage opening in the base body and fixed relative thereto by fixing material, preferably in the form of a glass plug. The main body is formed by a sheet metal element, wherein in a first embodiment, at least the passage opening by a separation process, in particular punching, is generated. The main body itself is preferably likewise punched out of a solid material, but the final geometry of the basic body is obtained by a forming process, for example deep-drawing. In a preferred embodiment, even the outer geometry describing the outer contour and the basic geometry describing the passage opening are produced at least by a separation process, in particular punching. End geometry means that no forming operations have to be performed on it. Basic geometry means that it does not represent the final geometry in the event of any further changes required, or that changes can still be made to this by further production processes, in particular forming processes, the final geometry being achieved only after these additional processes. Between the front and back means are provided for preventing relative movement of fixing material in the direction of the rear side relative to the inner circumference of the passage opening, in particular during ignition. The funds are an integral part of the body or form a structural unit with this. The generation of the Basic body by punching offers the advantage of short production times and allows a free design, in particular the passage opening. However, the production by punching with respect to individual parameters depending on the material limits are set, whose exceeding the production can be uneconomical and also adversely affect the available expressive power.

The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a metal fixing material implementation of the type mentioned with a body having at least one through hole, which is obtained by punching, and high strength with low material and labor costs and at the same time characterized by great expressive powers. Furthermore, assembly errors that result from the inaccurate assignment of the individual elements should be avoided.

The solution according to the invention is characterized by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are given in the subclaims.

The metal fixing material feedthrough according to the invention comprises at least one metal pin, which is arranged in a passage opening in the base body in a fixing material, wherein the base body has a front and a rear side. Means for avoiding a relative movement of fixing material in the direction of the rear side relative to the inner circumference of the passage opening are provided between the front side and the rear side of the base body.

In general, metal-fuser feedthroughs can be characterized by the so-called expressive force and pull-out force. The expressive force is the force that has to be expended to push the fixing material, which is inserted into the through hole of the metal fixing material passage, out of the passage. The level of the expression force can be determined either hydrostatically or mechanically.

If the expression force is determined mechanically, then the surface of the fixing material is subjected to a punch, wherein the surface of the punch, which presses on the fixing material, is less than the surface of the fixing material.

Alternatively, the expressive force can be hydrostatically measured. In the case of a hydrostatic measurement, the fixing material is subjected to a hydrostatic pressure, for example a water pressure, and measured at which hydrostatic pressure the fixing material is expelled from the passage opening.

The pull-out force results as the force needed to pull the metal pin of the metal fixation feedthrough out of the fixation material.

In the case of the main body, at least its passage opening is produced by punching. In a further developed embodiment of the invention, the entire base body, d. H. the outer circumference of the main body and the passage opening are produced by punching. The main body is then executed as a stamped part.

According to the invention, the base body is designed such that the ratio between the thickness of the base body and the maximum extent of the passage opening perpendicular to the axial direction of the passage opening is in the range between 0.5 and 2.5 inclusive. Considering the ratio of the thickness D of the main body to the maximum extent of the through hole after punching the through hole, but before grinding the through hole, this ratio is preferably in the range of 0.6 to 2.5. Considering the ratio of the thickness D of the main body to the maximum extent of the passage opening and after a grinding step of the passage opening, this ratio is preferably in the range 0.5 to 2.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the ratio between the thickness D of the main body and the maximum extent of the Through opening perpendicular to the axial direction of the through hole in the area after grinding between 0.8 to 1.6, preferably 0.8 to 1.4, more preferably 0.9 to 1.3, most preferably 1.0 to 1.2 ,

Thickness is understood to mean the extent or dimension in the height direction or direction of the extent of the passage opening. The geometric axis of the passage opening is determined depending on the design of this. In a symmetrical design, this corresponds to the symmetry axis, otherwise the theoretical center axis.

For use in ignition devices for airbags find base body with thicknesses between 1 mm and 5 mm, preferably 1.5 mm and 3.5 mm, more preferably 1.8 mm to 3.0 mm, most preferably 2.0 mm to 2 , 6 mm use. This means even with the same size metal pins considerable savings in material due to the smaller dimensions compared to the rotary member having thicknesses of, for example, 3.2 mm to 5 mm, and a more energy-efficient production. The inventors have also recognized that the reduction of the support surface associated with the reduction in thickness for the fixation material plug can be compensated with regard to its function by measures requiring simple and hardly additional effort.

With regard to the cross-sectional geometry of the through hole, there are no restrictions. Preferably, however, a circular or oval cross section is selected to achieve a uniform stress distribution in the connection between the fixing material and the passage opening. In the case of a circular or oval cross section, the diameter of the passage opening is then in the range from 1.4 mm to 4 mm, preferably 1.4 mm to 3.5 mm, particularly preferably 1.6 mm to 3.4 mm.

The diameter of the metal pin is for example 0.8 to 1.2 mm.

The metal fixing material lead-through comprises a metallic base body through which at least one metal pin is made. If two metal pins are provided in a preferred embodiment, one of the two is at least indirectly, d. H. directly or indirectly via other elements the ground connection to the main body ago. When executed with two metal pins these metal pins are preferably arranged parallel to each other. At least one of the metal pins is arranged in a passage opening in the base body and fixed relative thereto by fixing material, preferably in the form of a glass plug.

In order to explain the ensuing problem in the melting of the individual metal pin in a through hole and also the security against leakage of the unit fixing material and metal pin, the means for preventing relative movement of fixing material in the direction of the back against the inner circumference of the through hole are provided. These act as a kind of barbs and lead with relative movement in the direction of the back to a positive connection between Fixiermaterialpfropfen, in particular glass plug and body. These include, for example, at least one local constriction in the passage opening, which can be provided in the entire region of the inner circumference, except at the front of the body.

The solution according to the invention makes it possible, on the one hand, to resort to more cost-effective production methods and starting materials, wherein the use of material is considerably minimized. Furthermore, the entire base body may be formed as an integral component, in which the metal pin is fused by means of fixing material, ie, for example, the glass plug. Another significant advantage is that even under increased loads on the glass plug, for example, a pressure load, a squeezing of the glass plug with metal pin from the through hole is reliably avoided. The entire design has a comparison with a rotary low profile on and ensures a secure fixation of Glaspropfens in the body even at high expressiveness.

It is crucial that the local narrowing of the cross section takes place in the region of the back or between the back and the front, but the front side is always characterized by a larger diameter. The ratios mentioned always refer to the largest cross section or the largest dimension of the through hole. The reduction in the dimension of the adjoining area, perpendicular to the axial direction of the through-opening, resulting from the undercut from the axis or the difference between the dimensions of the largest cross-section and the smallest is in the range between 0.05 mm to 1 mm, preferably 0.08 mm to 0.9 mm, preferably between 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm. By this size, a corresponding increase in surface area on the inner circumference of the passage opening, which is sufficient to maintain the inventive ratio between the thickness and dimension of the passage opening in terms of a very small thickness and at the same time to increase the expression force accordingly. For example, in the case where the through-hole is circular, the largest dimension of a cross-section is characterized by the diameter of the through-hole; in the case of an elliptical shape, the largest dimension is the dimension of the major axis of the ellipse.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the second metal pin is grounded or fixed as a ground pin on the back of the body. This eliminates additional measures to put a fixed in the base body with fixing metal pin to ground or to electrically couple with the body. Furthermore, only a pin is to be fixed in a through hole, the possibilities are thus more diverse, completely secure the individual pin in the circumferential direction and the possible connection surface for the ground pin can be increased.

The fixing material used is, for example, a glass plug, a ceramic plug, a glass ceramic plug, a plastic, a high-performance polymer or a glass / polymer mixture.

For the specific embodiment of the means for preventing a relative movement between the fixing material and the passage opening, in particular the sliding out, there are a plurality of possibilities. These are characterized by measures on the base body and / or metal pin. In the simplest case, recourse is taken to measures on the base body, which can be realized with the production, in particular during the punching process. In this case, the passage opening between the back and front is characterized by a change in the cross-sectional profile. In the simplest case, at least two regions of different internal dimensions are provided, when designed as a passage opening with a circular cross-section with a different diameter. The change in cross section can be done in stages or continuously. In the latter case, the passage opening between the front and rear side is conical, which narrows towards the rear.

By the measures described in the area of the passage opening, the expressiveness can be significantly increased. In the embodiments with undercut according to the invention, the hydrostatic pressure which has to be expended in order to express the glass plug is 1500 bar to 2500 bar. Preferably 2000 bar to 2500 bar or the force that must be mechanically applied to the glass plug to express the Glaspfropfen 1750 N to 3000 N, preferably 2000 N to 3000N.

The measures on the main body are usually further characterized by the provision of a plurality of recesses or projections. These form at least one of the rear side, viewed from the inner circumference of the passage opening in the main body between the back and front arranged undercut, the front free of such Undercuts is. In the case of a symmetrical design of the passage opening, this is characterized by three partial areas - a first partial area which extends from the rear side in the direction of the front side, a second adjoining area and a third partial area which extends from the front side to the rear side. The second subarea is characterized by smaller dimensions of the passage opening than the first and third subarea. Preferably, the first and third subareas are then characterized by identical cross-sectional dimensions.

In embodiments with more than two areas of different dimensions, in particular different diameters, methods are selected which are created by machining the base body on both sides. If, in the previously described embodiments, an asymmetrical design of the passage opening is turned off, in these embodiments, with more than two areas, an embodiment of the passage opening is preferably selected which can be used with regard to the installation position. This is, based on a theoretical center axis, which extends perpendicular to the pin axis of the guided in the base body pin and extending in the central region of the body, formed symmetrically. This front and back can also be reversed in terms of their function. The undercuts formed by these counteract possible movements of the Fixiermaterialpfropfens in both directions.

Another way to avoid relative movements between Fixiermaterialpfropfen and through hole is the formation of a positive connection between them. Normally, for example, the glass is introduced into the opening together with the metal pin, and the glass and metal ring are heated, so that after cooling, the metal shrinks onto the glass plug. In general, the passage opening after the punching of the passage opening substantially has the final diameter. Of course, the punched through hole itself can still be edited, for example, be ground without the end diameter changes significantly. The Through opening may have a circular cross-section. Other possibilities are conceivable, for example an oval cross section.

According to an advantageous development, measures are provided on the metal pin for additional avoidance of relative movements under load between metal pin and fixing material. These may each be protrusions or recesses extending over the entire outer circumference of the metal pin, or they may be adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction with any desired or fixed predefined and fixed projections. By measures on the metal pin, the pull-out force of the metal pin is in the range of 160 N to 380 N, preferably 300 to 380 N.

The method for producing a main body of a metal leadthrough is characterized in that, in order to obtain the basic geometry describing the starting shape of the passage opening for forming the passage opening for at least one metal pin, punching is carried out from a sheet metal part. Preferably, the outer geometry descriptive end contour can be obtained by a separation process free of exciting machining of a sheet metal part predefined thickness. Both processes can be laid in a cost-saving manner in a tool and a single operation. The undercuts in the through holes are formed by deformation of the through hole, for example embossing. The individual embossing process can be carried out before or after the punching process. Preferably, embossing and punching are carried out in each case on the same side of the body in order to avoid unnecessary changes in the workpiece position and to allow any of these processes to take place immediately after one another.

According to the desired geometries to be achieved, the embossing operations are carried out on one side or both sides, wherein in the latter case preferably the same embossing parameters are set in order to ensure a symmetrical design of the passage opening.

Preferably find materials as materials for the body metals, especially normal steel, such as St 35, St 37, St 38 or stainless steel or stainless steels use. Stainless steel according to DIN EN 10020 is a designation for alloyed or unalloyed steels whose sulfur and phosphorus content (so-called iron companion) does not exceed 0.035%. Frequently, further heat treatments (eg quenching) are provided thereafter. The stainless steels include, for example, high-purity steels in which components such as aluminum and silicon are eliminated from the melt by a special manufacturing process, as well as high-alloyed tool steels, which are intended for a subsequent heat treatment. Usable are, for example: X12CrMoS17, XSCrNi1810, XCrNiS189, X2CrNi1911, X12CrNi177, X5CrNiMo17-12-2, X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2, X6CrNiTi1810 and X15CrNiSi25-20, X10CrNi1808, X2CrNiMo17-12-2, X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2. The advantage of the aforementioned materials, in particular the specified tool steels is that when using these materials, a high corrosion resistance, high mechanical strength and good weldability, especially for designs of the body as a stamped part with executed welding edge is ensured.

The inventive metal-fixing material implementation, in particular glass-metal feedthrough can be used in ignition devices of any design. For example, this can be provided in an ignition device for a pyrotechnic protection device, in particular an airbag or belt tensioner, which comprises a cap connected to the metal fixing material bushing, in particular the base body, wherein a propellant charge is enclosed between metal fixing material bushing and cap, and wherein the base body has a welding edge, which has a smaller thickness than the inner part or portion, wherein the cap is welded to the welding edge with a circumferential weld.

With regard to the geometry of the outer contour of the base body, there are no restrictions. Preferably, however, when formed as a stamped part of this executed circular disk-shaped. The arrangement of the passage opening can be coaxial or eccentric to the center axis or in a symmetrical design of the outer contour of the body coaxially or eccentrically to the axis of symmetry.

The ignition devices with the inventively designed metal-Fixiermaterial implementation can be used in gas generators, such as hot gas generators, cold gas generators, hybrid generators. Particularly preferred applications are ignition devices for pyrotechnic protection systems, such as airbags and belt tensioners.

Figur 1a

verdeutlicht eine erste Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung;

Figur 1b

Tabelle 1

Figur 1c

Tabelle 2

Figur 2

verdeutlicht eine dritte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung mit teilweise konischer Gestaltung der Durchgangsöffnung;

Figur 3

verdeutlicht eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung mit einer einen Vorsprung zwischen Vorder- und Rückseite in der Durchgangsöffnung beschreibenden Kontur;

Figur 4

verdeutlicht eine Ausführung gemäß Figur 1 mit zusätzlichen Vorsprüngen am Metallstift;

Figur 5

verdeutlicht eine Weiterentwicklung gemäß Figur 4;

Figur 6

verdeutlicht eine Ausführung einer erfindungsgemäßen Zündeineinrichtung mit einer Metall-Fixiermaterialdurchführung gemäß Figur 1a;

Figur 7

verdeutlicht einen Ausschnitt aus einem Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausführungsform;

Figur 8

verdeutlicht eine Ausführungsform mit einem Metallstift, einen so genannten Monopin;

Figur 9

verdeutlicht beispielhaft eine mögliche Anwendung einer erfindungsgemäß ausgeführten Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung in einer Zündeinrichtung in einem Gasgenerator.

The solution according to the invention is explained below with reference to figures. It details the following:

FIG. 1a

illustrates a first embodiment of an inventively designed metal fixing material implementation;

FIG. 1b

Table 1

Figure 1c

Table 2

FIG. 2

illustrates a third embodiment of an inventively designed metal-Fixiermaterial implementation with partially conical configuration of the passage opening;

FIG. 3

illustrates an embodiment of the inventively designed metal-Fixiermaterial-implementation with a projection between the front and back in the through hole descriptive contour;

FIG. 4

illustrates an embodiment according to FIG. 1 with additional projections on the metal pin;

FIG. 5

clarifies a further development according to FIG. 4 ;

FIG. 6

illustrates an embodiment of an inventive ignition device with a metal Fixiermaterialdurchführung according to FIG. 1a ;

FIG. 7

illustrates a detail of a cross section of another embodiment;

FIG. 8

illustrates an embodiment with a metal pin, a so-called monopin;

FIG. 9

illustrates, by way of example, a possible application of a metal-fixing material bushing designed according to the invention in an ignition device in a gas generator.

The FIG. 1a illustrates on the basis of an axial section, a first preferably used embodiment of an inventively designed metal fixing material implementation 1, preferably for use as an igniter or ignition device of an airbag. This comprises a basic body 3 forming a metal collar 2, with which two mutually parallel metal pins 4 and 5 are electrically coupled. The two metal pins 4 and 5 are arranged parallel to each other. One acts as a conductor, while the second is grounded. In the illustrated case, the first metal pin 4 acts as a conductor and the metal pin 5 as a ground pin. At least one of the metal pins, in particular acting as a conductor metal pin 4 is guided by the base body 3. The metal pin 4 is for this purpose on a part I _{1 of} its length I in fixing material 34, in particular a glass plug cooled from a molten glass 6 melted down. The metal pin 4 projects beyond the end face 7 of the glass plug 6 at least on one side and, in the illustrated embodiment, terminates flush with the second end face 8 of the glass plug 6 after completion of the production. For this purpose, the metal pin 4 during the melting to avoid dents during cooling of the fixing material, which lie in the region of the through hole 11 and lead to an undesirable weakening of the connection between the fixing material and the base body 3 in the region of the front side 13, arranged in the through hole 11 in that it projects beyond the main body 3 and thus the front side 13. After smelting or casting, the metal pin 4 and the overhanging cooled fixing material can be abraded so that it is flush with the front side 13 and thus also the front side 8 of the glass stopper 6 is flush with the front side 13 of the main body 3. Other variants are conceivable. The ground pin 5 is fixed in the illustrated case directly to the back 12 of the base body 3 at this. The main body 3 is executed in the context of this application as a stamped part. A stamped part according to the present application is present if at least the passage opening 11, preferably also the end geometry of the main body 3 is produced by punching. According to an advanced embodiment, by the outer contour descriptive geometry, in particular the outer circumference 10 by cutting, preferably punching can be generated. The stamped part can either continue to be used in the geometry as it is after the punching process or, in a further working step, which preferably directly adjoins, be reshaped, for example, embossed or deep-drawn.

The provided for receiving and fixing the metal pin 4 by means of the glass plug 6 through opening 11 is generated by a punching process in the form of a hole. Subsequently, the metal pin 4 is inserted at the back 12 of the metal-Fixiermaterial-implementation 1 together with the glass plug in the through hole 11 and the metal body containing the glass plug 6 and the metal pin heated, so that after a Cooling process shrinks the metal and so a non-positive connection between the glass plug 6 with metal pin 4 and body 3 is formed.

It is also conceivable to introduce the fixing material 34 in the molten or flowable state, in particular the molten glass from the front side 13 into the passage opening 11. During cooling, a positive and cohesive connection is formed both between the outer circumference 14 of the metal pin 4 and the inner circumference 15 of the passage opening 11. According to the invention, the base body 3 is designed such that the ratio between the thickness D of the base body 3 and the maximum extent the passage opening 11 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the passage opening 11 in the range between 0.5 and 2.5 inclusive. Depending on the configuration of the passage opening 11, which may be characterized, for example, by a circular cross section or an oval cross section, the maximum extent is determined by the diameter d or the length of the oval. The axial direction corresponds to the geometric axis, in particular the axis of symmetry of the passage opening 11 and extends through the base body 3. Preferably, when forming the base body 3 as a stamped part to achieve a particularly compact, cost-effective and energy-efficient production to obtain a base body 3 with the required properties, in particular the required expression force when triggering the ignition, the ratio between the thickness D of the base body 3 and the maximum extent of the through hole 11 perpendicular to the axial direction of the through hole 11 in the range between 0.8 and 1.6 inclusive, preferably 0.8 to 1.4 , more preferably 0.9 to 1.3, most preferably selected from 1.0 to 1.2. Specifically in terms of dimensions, this means, for example, that the thickness D of the main body 3 between 1 and 5 mm, preferably 1.5 mm and 3.5 mm, more preferably 1.8 mm to 3.0 mm, most preferably 2.0 mm to 2.6 mm. This is compared to turned parts on the one hand realized a much smaller size and further the cross-section of the passage opening 11 can be chosen as desired depending on the requirement.

In the Figures 1b and 1c In Table 1 and Table 2, the absolute values of a circular hole diameter, ie, the diameter of the through hole, and the thickness of the main body containing the through hole are indicated, and the resulting thickness-to-hole diameter ratio. In Table 1 accordingly FIG. 1b the values of the hole diameter are given in relation to the values of the thickness of the main body after the grinding process. By the grinding process, which serves as described herein to grind protruding parts of the glass plug, the thickness of the entire structure is reduced by about 0.4 mm. Table 1 shows the hole diameter in mm. The hole diameters according to Table 1 range from 1.6 mm to 3.5 mm. Furthermore, the thicknesses of the main body after grinding are given in mm. The thicknesses of the main body after grinding are from 2.0 mm to 3.0 mm. Further indicated are the resulting ratios of thickness to hole diameter. The bordered area 1000 indicates the preferred range of diameters and ratios of thickness to hole diameter and area 1100 the most preferred range.

In Figure 1c Table 2 shows the thickness of the basic body after punching but before the grinding step in mm and the hole diameter in mm. Further specified is the ratio of thickness to hole diameter. Again, the preferred ranges are labeled 1000 and the most preferred ranges are 1100.

In order to avoid a release of the metal pin 4 with the glass plug 6 from the base body 3 with the resulting smaller support surface by shortening the through hole 11 when loading the entire metal fixing material bushing 1 when igniting, are means for preventing a relative movement between fixing material 34 and inner circumference 15 of Through opening in the direction of the rear side 12, which are designated here by 35, is provided. These act more or less as barbs and cause a positive connection between the base body 3 and glass plug 6 under tensile force and / or pressure on the glass plug 6 and / or the metal pin 4 and thus prevent sliding out on the back 12. For this purpose, according to a first particularly preferred embodiment of the Through opening 11 designed such that it has an undercut 36 which is formed by a projection 37. This is arranged in the region of the rear side 12 and in the case illustrated is flush with the latter. The passage opening 11, which is preferably formed in the illustrated case with a circular cross-section, is characterized by this projection 37 by two different diameters d ₁ and d ₂ . The diameter d _{1 is} greater than the diameter d ₂ . The diameter d ₂ is the diameter of the passage opening 11 on the rear side 12. The diameter d ₁ is the diameter of the passage opening 11 on the front side 13. The passage opening 11 is designed to have the same diameter d ₁ over a substantial part of its extension I _d1 , 1 _d2 stands for the formation of the passage opening 11 with the diameter d ₂ . That is, the passage opening has two partial areas, a first partial area 16 and a second partial area 17, wherein the first partial area 16 is characterized by the diameter d ₁ and the second partial area 17 is characterized by the diameter d ₂ . These diameters are generated by a one-sided punching process in the form of punching from the side of the front side 13 or back 12 with subsequent forming process under pressure, in particular embossing. Preferably, stamping and forming process each take place from the same side, in the illustrated case, for example, from the front side 13. Preferably, the cutting out of the base body 3 in a particularly preferred embodiment also takes place within the scope of the punching process of the passage opening 11, ie in the same operation. The tool for this is designed such that the entire base body 3 with a through hole 11 in a single step from a sheet of certain sheet thickness b, which corresponds to a thickness D of the base body 3, is punched out. According to the invention To achieve a high tightening force with reduced thickness compared to turned parts and thus a particularly cost-effective and less material-intensive production, the above ratios between the thickness D of the base body 3 and the dimension of the through hole 11 are met. In this case, alone by providing an undercut 36, the tightening force can be almost doubled. According to the invention, the undercut 36 and thus the projection 37 are embodied such that a reduction in cross section in the partial region 17, which by a reduction in diameter, ie the difference Δd = d ₁ -d ₂ or a reduction of the maximum extent in the range of 0.05 to 1 mm in the range of 0.08 to 0.9 mm, preferably 0.1 to 0.3 mm is generated. The difference .DELTA.d = d ₁ -d ₂ in the diameter, which leads to the undercut 36 and the projection 37, is sufficient to compensate for the shortened compared to a design as a rotating part construction and thus shortened length of the through hole 11 in the form of a stamped part, wherein the expressive force is still increased.

Preferably find materials as materials for the body metals, especially normal steel, such as St 35, St 37, St 38 or stainless steel or stainless steels use. Stainless steel according to DIN EN 10020 is a designation for alloyed or unalloyed steels whose sulfur and phosphorus content (so-called iron companion) does not exceed 0.035%. Frequently, further heat treatments (eg quenching) are provided thereafter. The stainless steels include, for example, high-purity steels in which components such as aluminum and silicon are eliminated from the melt by a special manufacturing process, as well as high-alloyed tool steels, which are intended for a subsequent heat treatment. Usable are, for example: X12CrMoS17, XSCrNi1810, XCrNiS189, X2CrNi1911, X12CrNi177, X5CrNiMo17-12-2, X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2, X6CrNiTi1810 and X15CrNiSi25-20, X10CrNi1808, X2CrNiMo17-12-2, X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2.

The advantage of the aforementioned materials, in particular the specified tool steels is that when using these materials a high Corrosion resistance, high mechanical strength and good weldability is ensured.

When in the FIG. 1a illustrated embodiment, the through hole 11 has a circular cross-section. However, other shapes are also conceivable, in which case an undercut is formed by changing the internal dimensions of the opening. Furthermore, the illustrated geometries are idealized. In practice, surface areas that are not completely perpendicular to one another will generally arise. It is crucial that a basic contour of the passage opening is created, which on the one hand the inclusion of a fused metal pin and further preventing the withdrawal of the entirety of metal pin and fixing, in particular Glaspfropfen is fair, ie also the undercut forming surface areas and the adjacent surface areas can in be arranged at an angle to each other.

FIG. 2 discloses an embodiment in which only a part of the passage opening 11 is conical. In this embodiment, the through-opening 11 of the metal-Fixiermaterial-implementation 1, in particular in the main body 3 is also divided into two sections, a first portion 16 and a second portion 17. The second portion 17 st st by a constant diameter d ₂ over its length I _d2 characterized. The second partial region extends from the rear side 12 in the direction of the front side 13. The first partial region 16 is characterized by a continuous reduction in the cross-section of the through-opening 11. The reduction takes place from a diameter d ₁ to a diameter d ₂ . The smaller diameter on the backs 12 according to the embodiments of FIGS. 1a and 2 offer the advantage of a larger connection surface 18 for the metal pin 5, in particular the ground pin. The undercut 36 results due to the change in diameter from the second to the first portion 16 viewed.

At all in the FIGS. 1 A and 2 shown embodiments, the asymmetrical geometry of the through hole 11 from the front side 13 to the rear side 12 seen the advantage of preventing slipping or pulling out of the glass plug 6 on the back 12 and in the direction of this. Furthermore, during installation due to the asymmetrical geometry, an easier orientation for the installation position of the individual elements, in particular of the metal pins 4 and 5, can be given. Due to the undercut, a detachment of the assembly of metal pin 4 and glass plug 6 is avoided from the body during ignition. The additional material on the back side 12 offers the advantage of a larger connection surface for the metal pin 4.5 to be grounded. Furthermore, this increases the strength of the glass seal of the metal pin when pressure is applied to the front.

The FIG. 3 illustrates a further embodiment of a metal-Fixiermaterial-implementation 1. In this embodiment, the through-hole 11 is subdivided into three subregions 20, 21 and 22, wherein the respective first and third sub-region 20 and 22 preferably characterized by the same diameter d ₂₀ and d ₂₂ is. The second portion 21 is characterized by a smaller diameter d ₂₁ than the diameter d ₂₀ and d ₂₂ and thus forms a projection 23. This forms the arranged between the front and rear undercut 36 to prevent the relative movement of the glass plug 6 in the direction of the back 12 opposite The inner periphery 15 of the passage opening 11. In particular, each directed to the front 13 and back 12 surfaces 24 and 25 thereby form the abutment surfaces for the glass plug 6 in the axial direction. This embodiment is characterized by a fixation of the glass plug 6 in both directions, so that this configuration of the base body is particularly suitable for being able to be installed and positioned as desired, in particular as regards the connection of the metal pins 4. The embodiment causes an increase in the expression force to move the glass plug 6 with shearing of parts of these under pressure loading in motion.

In all the solutions described so far, it is possible to use a narrower base body 3 compared to the known solutions of the prior art with the same or increased strength of the gas plug 6 caused by the seal.

The production of the main body 3 according to FIG. 3 is done by punching the base body 3 with a through hole 11 with a constant diameter. The projection is achieved by embossing on both sides with a predefined embossing depth and a stamping tool with a larger diameter than the diameter of the through opening 11 present after punching. Due to the increase in the surface tension of the material at the base body 3 under the influence of the embossing tool when the yield point is exceeded, the material flows, which then forms the projection 23. It is irrelevant whether the embossing process takes place first from the front or back of the body. However, if symmetrical design is required, the embossing forces and embossing depth should be the same on both sides.

Clarify the FIGS. 1a to 3 Measures on the base body 3, in particular the passage openings 11 for preventing a relative movement of the glass plug 6 with respect to this, so show the FIGS. 4 and 5 exemplary measures on the metal pin 4, which serve to prevent the escape of the metal pin 4 from the glass plug 6 during the test and also during the ignition process. The strength of the metal pin in the glass plug is characterized by the pull-out force. This measure can be used alone or in combination with other means 35. It represents the FIG. 4 a particularly advantageous combination of in the FIG. 1 The pin 4 has in the coupling region with the base body 3 at least one projection, this is designated 31 and extends in the circumferential direction about the outer periphery 32 of the pin 4. In the illustrated embodiment is is a projection 31 which extends around the entire outer periphery 32 of the metal pin 4. This can be caused by compression or crushing of the Metal pin 4 are formed. Another possibility, not shown here, involves the arrangement of several mutually adjacent in the circumferential direction, preferably with the same distance adjacent to each other arranged projections on the metal pin 4 in the region of the coupling in the base body 3. The feature of the projections on the metal pin 4 contributes significantly to improve the strength of Connection at. This feature prevents the removal of the metal pin 4 during a corresponding test in which normally the metal pin fails to pull and remove the glass plug. This applies analogously to the embodiment according to FIG. 5 , In this case, the metal pin 4 in the contact region with the molten glass has a plurality of projections arranged over the axial extent of the passage opening, which are connected in series. In the simplest case, a corrugation 33 is used. With this, the same effect can be achieved as in FIG. 4 described. The rest of the structure corresponds to that in the FIG. 4 Therefore, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements.

The in the FIGS. 4 and 5 also described with the in the FIG. 2 shown measure on the main body, in particular the passage openings combined.

FIG. 6 Illustrated by way of example in a greatly simplified representation of an axial section through an ignition device 38 with a metal-Fixiermaterial-implementation 1, as shown in the Fig. 1 to 4 described. The ignition device 38 is produced by using such a bushing by connecting a cap 39 to the base body 3, including a propellant charge 40, wherein the connection here takes place, for example, with a circumferential laser weld 41 at the welding edge. As a result, a hermetically sealed housing 42 for the propellant charge is produced.

Further shows FIG. 6 a bridge 42, which is connected to the metal pin 4 of the current feedthrough and the cap 39, or the main body 3, before or during connection of the metal fixing material bushing 1 and cap 39 becomes. For example, the ignition bridge 42 may be designed as a glow wire, which is fastened to the base body 3 in each case by means of a spot weld. In many cases, unlike in the simplistic representation of the Fig. 6 shown, in addition to the propellant 40 is still a spark ignition used, which surrounds the ignition bridge 42.

Fig. 7 shows a section of a cross section through a further embodiment with application of a metal Fixiermaterialdurchführung invention 1 in an igniter 38. In this, the welding edge of the base body 3 does not extend in the axial direction, as in the Fig. 6 shown example, but in the radial direction of the body 3 and runs in the circumferential direction to this. The welding edge forms a stop when placing the cap 39, so that it is very easy to position exactly. The welding edge of the can be obtained in an advantageous manner by deep drawing or extrusion of a preferably stamped body 3.

While the above-described embodiments have all referred to metal-fuser feedthroughs comprising two metal pins, which were preferably arranged in parallel, one of which is grounded to the rear of the main body, the FIG Invention in principle also applicable to more than 2 metal pins and so-called mono-pins. Mono pins are ignition units that include only a single metal pin carried by a pin carrier. The pin carrier itself includes, for example, a metal ring which forms the ground connection.

Such a mono-pin is in FIG. 8 shown. The pin carrier 26 comprises a metal pin 4 which is embedded in an insulated filling 6, which is preferably made of glass. The pin carrier 26 comprises a base body 3, which receives the metal pin 4 and a sleeve 27 with an inner wall surface 28. The end of the fused portion of the metal pin 4 is electrically conductively connected by means of a bridge 29 with the base body 3. The passage opening 11 is introduced into the base body 3 by a punching step. In a preferred Embodiment, together with the passage opening 11 of the base body 3 are punched out as described above. Most preferably, the base body 3 together with the sleeve 27 forms a one-piece component. The production of a one-piece component can, for example, be done by punching out a stamped part in a method step and the sleeve is obtained by deep drawing. The dimensioning of the size of the passage opening and the thickness of the base body is as described above.

Preferably, the inner wall surface 28 of the sleeve 27 and the free end of the metal pin 4 are coated. As a coating material, for example, gold is used. Preferably, the coating is applied by electrolytic means. The coating serves to keep the electrical resistance at the transition point 30 between a plug 31 which is inserted into the sleeve and that of the inner side 28 of the sleeve 27 low.

FIG. 9 shows in a sectional view a gas generator 45 of a pyrotechnic protection device with an ignition device 38, which in Fig. 9 not shown cut open. The gas generator 45 can be used in particular for a steering wheel airbag and is to be installed in the baffle of the steering wheel. The ignition device 38 is inserted in a central cavity 46 of the gas generator 45. For this purpose, the ignition device 38 has, for example, a flange 47 for mounting at the outlet of the central cavity 46. The central cavity 46 communicates with channels 48 with an annular fuel tank 49 which contains the fuel, which is present, for example, as a compressed tablet of sodium azide, potassium nitrate and sand. This is ignited when ignited by the explosively escaping from the ignition device 38 gas and in turn releases propellant gases which flow through the channels 50 to the outside and inflate an example attached to the mounting rim 51 airbag.

At all in the FIGS. 1a to 9 illustrated embodiments, at least the passage opening preferably the whole in the art as a rotating part executed basic body 3 replaced by stampings. The individual measures to prevent withdrawal of the metal pin 4 from the base body under load, which were provided in the individual figures on the base body 3 and to avoid pulling out the metal pin from the fixing material on the metal pin, can also be used together in combination. In this regard, the execution is not subject to any restrictions. However, the aim is embodiments that ensure high strength of the overall connection between the metal pin 4 and the base body 3 and thus the metal fixing material bushing 1.

In all embodiments shown in the figures, the passage openings can be formed with different cross-sectional shapes. Preferably, however, circular cross sections are selected. The formation of the undercuts is an integral part of the body.

It is the merit of the invention to have found out in what proportion the thickness of the stamped part must be to the hole diameter in order to form a metal-fixing material passage as a stamped part, in particular the passage opening by punching.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Metal fixing implementation

2

metal collar

3

body

4

metal pin

5

metal pin

6

glass plug

7

first end face

8th

second end face

9

punch

10

outer periphery

11

Through opening

12

back

13

front

14

outer periphery

15

inner circumference

16

first subarea

17

second subarea

19

bonding surface

20

first subarea

21

second subarea

22

third subarea

23

head Start

24

area

25

area

26

pin carrier

27

Sleeve of the main body

28

Inner wall surface of the sleeve

29

bridge

30

Checkpoint

31

Plug which is inserted into sleeve

34

fixing material

35

Means for preventing a relative movement between the fixing material and the inner circumference of the passage opening

36

undercut

37

head Start

38

ignition device

39

cap

40

propellant

41

laser weld

42

casing

43

bridge

44

attack

45

inflator

46

cavity

47

flange

48

channel

49

fuel tank

50

channel

d ₁

diameter

d ₂

diameter

I _d1

length

I _d2

length

1. 1. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) für Anzünder von Airbags oder Gurtspannern, insbesondere Glas-Metall-Durchführung;
   • 1.1 mit wenigstens einem Metallstift(4), der in einer Durchgangsöffnung (11) im Grundkörper (3) in einem Fixiermaterial (6) angeordnet ist, wobei der Grundkörper (3) eine Vorder- und eine Rückseite (12, 13) aufweist;
   • 1.2 zwischen Vorderseite (13) und Rückseite (12) des Grundkörpers sind Mittel (35) zur Vermeidung einer Relativbewegung von Fixiermaterial in Richtung der Rückseite (12) gegenüber dem Innenumfang (15) der Durchgangsöffnung (11) vorgesehen;
   • 1.3 wenigstens die Durchgangsöffnung (11) ist aus dem Grundkörper (3) ausgestanzt,
     gekennzeichnet durch die folgenden Merkmale:
   • 1.4 der Grundkörper (3) ist derart gestaltet, dass das Verhältnis zwischen der Dicke (D) des Grundkörpers (3) und der maximalen Ausdehnung der Durchgangsöffnung (11) senkrecht zur Achsrichtung der Durchgangsöffnung (11) im Bereich zwischen einschließlich 0,5 bis 2,5 liegt.
2. 2. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) gemäß Satz 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis zwischen der Dicke (D) des Grundkörpers (3) und der maximalen Ausdehnung der Durchgangsöffnung (11) senkrecht zur Achsrichtung der Durchgangsöffnung (11) im Bereich zwischen einschließlich 0,8 bis 1,6, bevorzugt 0,9 bis 1,4, besonders bevorzugt 0,9 bis 1,3, ganz besonders bevorzugt 1,0 bis 1,2 beträgt.
3. 3. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dicke (D) des Grundkörpers (3) zwischen 1 mm und 5mm, bevorzugt 1,5 mm und 3,5 mm, besonders bevorzugt 1,8 mm bis 3,0 mm, ganz besonders bevorzugt 2,0 mm bis 2,6 mm beträgt.
4. 4. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Durchgangsöffnung (11) einen kreisrunden Querschnitt aufweist.
5. 5. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach Satz 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die größtmögliche Abmessung oder Durchmesser (d1) der Durchgangsöffnung (11) im Bereich von 1 mm bis 4 mm, bevorzugt 1,4 mm bis 3,5 mm, besonders bevorzugt 1,6 mm bis 3,4 mm beträgt.
6. 6. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Durchgangsöffnung (11) einen beliebig wählbaren Querschnitt, insbesondere einen ovalen oder elliptischen Querschnitt aufweist.
7. 7. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Grundkörper (3) mit Durchgangsöffnung (11) als Stanzteil (9) ausgeführt ist.
8. 8. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel (35) integraler Bestandteil des Grundkörpers (3) sind oder mit diesem eine bauliche Einheit bilden.
9. 9. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel (35) zur Vermeidung einer Relativbewegung von Fixiermaterial (6) in Richtung der Rückseite (12) gegenüber dem Innenumfang (15) der Durchgangsöffnung (11) wenigstens eine von der Rückseite (12) ausgehend betrachtet am Innenumfang der Durchgangsöffnung (11) im Grundkörper (3) zwischen Rückseite (12) und Vorderseite (13) angeordnete Hinterschneidung (36) umfassen.
10. 10. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach Satz 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hinterschneidung (36) von wenigstens einem Vorsprung (37) gebildet wird.
11. 11. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach Satz 10, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Merkmale:
    • 11.1 die Durchgangsöffnung (11) ist durch zwei Teilbereiche (16, 17) charakterisiert - einen Teilbereich (17), der sich von der Rückseite (12) in Richtung Vorderseite (13) erstreckt und einen weiteren Teilbereich (16), der sich von Vorderseite (13) in Richtung Rückseite (12) erstreckt;
    • 11.2 der Vorsprung (37) wird von dem Teilbereich (17) gebildet, der sich von der Rückseite (12) in Richtung Vorderseite (13) erstreckt und der durch geringere Innenabmessungen als der weitere Teilbereich (16) charakterisiert ist;
    • 11.3 beide Teilbereiche (16, 17) weisen über deren Länge eine gleichbleibende Geometrie mit jeweils in den Teilbereichen konstanten Innenabmessungen auf.
12. 12. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach Satz 10, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Merkmale:
    • 12.1 die Durchgangsöffnung (11) ist durch zwei Teilbereiche (16, 17) charakterisiert - einen Teilbereich (17), der sich von der Rückseite (12) in Richtung Vorderseite (13) erstreckt und einen weiteren Teilbereich (16), der sich von Vorderseite (13) in Richtung Rückseite (12) erstreckt;
    • 12.2 der Vorsprung (37) wird von dem Teilbereich (17) gebildet, der sich von der Rückseite (12) in Richtung Vorderseite (13) erstreckt und der durch geringere Innenabmessungen als der weitere Teilbereich (16) charakterisiert ist;
    • 12.3 beide Teilbereiche (16, 17) weisen über deren Länge eine unterschiedliche Geometrie und/oder unterschiedliche Innenabmessungen auf.
13. 13. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach Satz 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Teilbereich (16) von der Vorderseite (13) ausgehend durch eine stetige Verkleinerung der Abmessungen bis zum zweiten Teilbereich (16) charakterisiert ist.
14. 14. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach Satz 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Durchgangöffnung (11) einen kreisrunden Querschnitt aufweist und wenigstens der sich von der Vorderseite (13) in Richtung Rückseite (12) erstreckende Teilbereich (16), vorzugsweise auch der andere Teilbereich (17) konisch ausgebildet ist.
15. 15. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hinterschneidung (36) mittig angeordnet ist.
16. 16. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 9, 10 oder 15, gekennzeichnet durch die folgenden Merkmale:
    • 16.1 mit jeweils einer Hinterschneidung (36) in beiden Richtungen;
    • 16.2 die Durchgangsöffnung (11) ist durch drei Teilbereiche charakterisierteinen ersten Teilbereich, der sich von der Rückseite (12) in Richtung Vorderseite (12) erstreckt, einen zweiten sich daran anschließenden und einen dritten Teilbereich, der sich von Vorderseite (13) in Richtung Rückseite (12) erstreckt;
    • 16.3 der zweite Teilbereich ist durch kleinere Abmessungen der Durchgangsöffnung (11) als der erste und dritte Teilbereich charakterisiert.
17. 17. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach Satz 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste und dritte Teilbereich durch identische Querschnittsabmessungen charakterisiert sind.
18. 18. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 10 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Mehrzahl von in Umfangsrichtung zueinander beabstandet auf einer gemeinsamen Länge zwischen Vorder- und Rückseite (13, 12) angeordneten Vorsprüngen vorgesehen sind.
19. 19. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 10 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die sich durch die Hinterschneidung (36) ergebende Verringerung der Abmessung senkrecht zur Achsrichtung der Durchgangsöffnung ausgehend von der Achse jeweils im Bereich zwischen 0,05 mm bis 1 mm, vorzugsweise 0,08 mm bis 0,9 mm liegt.
20. 20. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 10 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die sich durch die Hinterschneidung (36) ergebende Verringerung der Abmessung senkrecht zur Achsrichtung der Durchgangsöffnung (11) ausgehend von der Achse im Axialschnitt betrachtet jeweils im Bereich zwischen 0,1 mm bis 0,3 mm liegt.
21. 21. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Stanzteil (9) geschliffen wird.
22. 22. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel (35) zur Vermeidung einer Relativbewegung von Fixiermaterial in Richtung der Rückseite (12) gegenüber dem Innenumfang (15) der Durchgangsöffnung (11) wenigstens eine zwischen Fixiermaterialpfropfen und einem Teil der Durchgangsöffnung (11) kraftschlüssige Verbindung umfassen.
23. 23. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel (35) ein in die Durchgangsöffnung (11) eingebrachtes Element umfassen und der Innenumfang der Durchgangsöffnung und/oder der Außenumfang des Elementes eine Rauhigkeit ≥ 10 µm aufweist.
24. 24. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Metallstift Mittel (35) zur Verhinderung einer Relativbewegung des Metallstiftes (4) gegenüber dem Fixiermaterial vorgesehen sind.
25. 25. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach Satz 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel (35) zur Verhinderung einer Relativbewegung des Metallstiftes (4) gegenüber dem Fixiermaterial mindestens einen in radialer Richtung am Metallstift (4) ausgebildeten Vorsprung umfassen.
26. 26. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach Satz 25, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Vorsprung integraler Bestandteil des Metallstiftes (4) ist.
27. 27. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach Satz 25, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Vorsprung von einem mit dem Metallstift (4) verbundenen Element gebildet wird.
28. 28. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 25 bis 27, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel (35) zur Verhinderung einer Relativbewegung des Metallstiftes (4) gegenüber dem Fixiermaterial eine Vielzahl in axialer Richtung benachbarter und in radialer Richtung am Metallstift (4) ausgebildeten Vorsprünge umfassen.
29. 29. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) gemäß einem der Sätze 1 bis 28, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens zwei Metallstifte (4, 5) vorgesehen sind.
30. 30. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) gemäß Satz 29, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigsten zwei Metallstifte (4, 5) parallel zueinander angeordnet sind.
31. 31. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) gemäß einem der Sätze 29 bis 30, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Metallstift (5) als Massestift an der Rückseite (12) des Grundkörpers (3) auf Masse gelegt ist.
32. 32. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) gemäß einem der Sätze 1 bis 28, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Metallstift (4) vorgesehen ist, der in einer Durchgangsöffnung (11) im Grundkörper (3) in einem Fixiermaterial angeordnet ist, sowie einer Hülse (26) des Grundkörpers (3), die auf Masse liegt.
33. 33. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 32, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Metallstift (4) fest mit einem Fixiermaterial ergebend einen Fixiermaterialpfropfen verbunden ist.
34. 34. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach Satz 33, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Metallstift (4) mit dem Fixiermaterial verschmolzen ist.
35. 35. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 34, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Fixiermaterial ein aus einer Glasschmelze gebildeter Glaspfropfen (6) oder ein Hochleistungspolymer eingesetzt wird.
36. 36. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 35, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Grundkörper (3) aus Normalstahl.
37. 37. Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) nach einem der Sätze 1 bis 35, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Grundkörper (3) aus Edelstahl oder aus einem der nachfolgenden Stähle
    • X12CrMoS17
    • XSCrNi1810
    • XCrNiS189
    • X2CrNi1911
    • X12CrNi177
    • X5CrNiMo17-12-2
    • X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2
    • X6CrNiTi1810
    • X15CrNiSi25-20
    • X10CrNi1808
    • X2CrNiMo17-12-2
    • X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 ist.
38. 38. Verwendung einer Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) gemäß einem der Sätze 1 bis 37 in einer Zündeinrichtung für Airbags.
39. 39. Verwendung einer Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung (1) gemäß einem der Sätze 1 bis 37 in einer Zündeinrichtung für Gurtspanner.
40. 40. Gasgenerator (45) umfassend eine Zündeinrichtung (38), wobei die Zündeinrichtung (38) eine Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung gemäß einem der Sätze 1 - 37 umfasst.
41. 41. Gasgenerator (45) nach Satz 40, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dieser als Kaltgasgenerator oder Hybridgenerator ausgeführt ist.
42. 42. Airbag umfassend eine Zündeinrichtung, wobei die Zündeinrichtung eine Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung gemäß einem der Sätze 1 - 37 umfasst.
43. 43. Gurtspanner umfassend eine Zündeinrichtung, wobei die Zündeinrichtung eine Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung gemäß einem der Sätze 1 - 37 umfasst.

The invention includes aspects disclosed in the following sentences, which form part of the description, but not the sentences according to the decision J 15/88:

1. 1. metal fixing material passage (1) for lighter of airbags or belt tensioners, in particular glass-metal passage;
   • 1.1 with at least one metal pin (4) which is arranged in a passage opening (11) in the base body (3) in a fixing material (6), wherein the base body (3) has a front and a back (12, 13);
   • 1.2 between the front (13) and back (12) of the base body means (35) for preventing relative movement of fixing material in the direction of the back (12) relative to the inner periphery (15) of the through hole (11) are provided;
   • 1.3 at least the passage opening (11) is punched out of the base body (3),
     characterized by the following features:
   • 1.4 the base body (3) is designed such that the ratio between the thickness (D) of the base body (3) and the maximum extent of the through hole (11) perpendicular to the axial direction of the through hole (11) in the range between 0.5 and 2 inclusive , 5 lies.
2. 2. Metal Fixiermaterial-implementation (1) according to sentence 1, characterized in that the ratio between the thickness (D) of the base body (3) and the maximum extent of the through hole (11) perpendicular to the axial direction of the through hole (11) in the region between 0.8 and 1.6, preferably 0.9 to 1.4, particularly preferably 0.9 to 1.3, very particularly preferably 1.0 to 1.2.
3. 3. metal fixing material passage (1) according to one of the sentences 1 or 2, characterized in that the thickness (D) of the base body (3) between 1 mm and 5 mm, preferably 1.5 mm and 3.5 mm, particularly preferably 1.8 mm to 3.0 mm, very particularly preferably 2.0 mm to 2.6 mm.
4. 4. metal fixing material passage (1) according to one of the sentences 1 to 3, characterized in that the passage opening (11) has a circular cross-section.
5. 5. metal fixing material passage (1) according to sentence 4, characterized in that the largest possible dimension or diameter (d1) of the through hole (11) in the range of 1 mm to 4 mm, preferably 1.4 mm to 3.5 mm , more preferably 1.6 mm to 3.4 mm.
6. 6. Metal fixing material passage (1) according to one of the sentences 1 to 3, characterized in that the passage opening (11) has an arbitrary selectable cross section, in particular an oval or elliptical cross section.
7. 7. metal fixing material passage (1) according to one of the sentences 1 to 6, characterized in that the base body (3) with through opening (11) is designed as a stamped part (9).
8. 8. metal fixing material passage (1) according to one of the sentences 1 to 7, characterized in that the means (35) are an integral part of the base body (3) or form a structural unit with this.
9. 9. Metal fixing material passage (1) according to one of the sentences 1 to 8, characterized in that the means (35) for preventing a relative movement of fixing material (6) in the direction of the back (12) relative to the inner periphery (15) of Through opening (11) at least one viewed from the rear side (12) on the inner circumference of Passage opening (11) in the base body (3) between the back (12) and front (13) arranged undercut (36).
10. 10. metal fixing material passage (1) according to sentence 9, characterized in that the undercut (36) of at least one projection (37) is formed.
11. 11. Metal fixing material bushing (1) according to sentence 10, characterized by the following features:
    • 11.1 the passage opening (11) is characterized by two partial areas (16, 17) - a partial area (17) which extends from the rear side (12) in the direction of the front side (13) and a further partial area (16) extending from the front side (13) extends in the direction of the rear side (12);
    • 11.2 the projection (37) is formed by the portion (17) which extends from the back (12) in the direction of the front side (13) and which is characterized by smaller internal dimensions than the further portion (16);
    • 11.3 both partial areas (16, 17) have a constant geometry along their length, with constant internal dimensions in the partial areas in each case.
12. 12. metal fixing material bushing (1) according to sentence 10, characterized by the following features:
    • 12.1 the passage opening (11) is characterized by two partial areas (16, 17) - a partial area (17) which extends from the rear side (12) towards the front side (13) and a further partial area (16) extending from the front side (13) extends in the direction of the rear side (12);
    • 12.2 the projection (37) is formed by the portion (17) which extends from the rear side (12) in the direction of the front side (13) and which is characterized by smaller internal dimensions than the further portion (16);
    • 12.3 both sections (16, 17) have over the length of one different geometry and / or different internal dimensions.
13. 13 metal fixing material passage (1) according to sentence 12, characterized in that the first portion (16) from the front side (13), characterized by a continuous reduction in size to the second portion (16).
14. 14 metal fixing material passage (1) according to sentence 12 or 13, characterized in that the passage opening (11) has a circular cross-section and at least extending from the front side (13) in the direction of the rear side (12) portion (16) , Preferably, the other portion (17) is conical.
15. 15. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation (1) according to one of the sets 9 or 10, characterized in that the undercut (36) is arranged centrally.
16. 16. Metal fixing material bushing (1) according to one of the phrases 9, 10 or 15, characterized by the following features:
    • 16.1 each with an undercut (36) in both directions;
    • 16.2 the passage opening (11) is characterized by three partial areas, a first partial area extending from the rear side (12) towards the front side (12), a second adjoining area and a third partial area extending from the front side (13) towards the rear side (12) extends;
    • 16.3 the second partial area is characterized by smaller dimensions of the passage opening (11) than the first and third partial areas.
17. 17. metal fixing material bushing (1) according to sentence 16, characterized in that the first and third partial areas are characterized by identical cross-sectional dimensions.
18. 18 metal fixing material passage (1) according to any one of sentences 10 to 17, characterized in that a plurality of circumferentially spaced from each other on a common length between the front and back (13, 12) arranged projections are provided.
19. 19 metal fixing material passage (1) according to any one of sentences 10 to 18, characterized in that the by the undercut (36) resulting reduction in the dimension perpendicular to the axial direction of the passage opening from the axis in the range between 0.05 mm to 1 mm, preferably 0.08 mm to 0.9 mm.
20. 20. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation (1) according to any one of sentences 10 to 19, characterized in that the by the undercut (36) resulting reduction in the dimension perpendicular to the axial direction of the through hole (11) viewed from the axis in axial section, respectively in the range between 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm.
21. 21. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation (1) according to one of the sentences 1 to 20, characterized in that the stamped part (9) is ground.
22. 22. Metal fixing material passage (1) according to one of the sentences 1 to 21, characterized in that the means (35) for avoiding a relative movement of fixing material in the direction of the back (12) relative to the inner circumference (15) of the passage opening (11 ) comprise at least one connection between Fixiermaterialpfropfen and a part of the passage opening (11) non-positive connection.
23. 23. Metal fixing material passage (1) according to one of the sentences 1 to 8, characterized in that the means (35) in the passage opening (11) introduced element and the inner circumference of the Through opening and / or the outer periphery of the element has a roughness ≥ 10 microns.
24. 24 metal fixing material passage (1) according to one of the sentences 1 to 23, characterized in that on the metal pin means (35) are provided for preventing relative movement of the metal pin (4) relative to the fixing material.
25. 25 metal fixing material passage (1) according to sentence 24, characterized in that the means (35) for preventing relative movement of the metal pin (4) relative to the fixing material comprise at least one in the radial direction of the metal pin (4) formed projection.
26. 26. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation (1) according to sentence 25, characterized in that the projection is an integral part of the metal pin (4).
27. 27 metal fixing material passage (1) according to sentence 25, characterized in that the projection is formed by an element connected to the metal pin (4).
28. 28 metal fixing material passage (1) according to one of the sets 25 to 27, characterized in that the means (35) for preventing relative movement of the metal pin (4) relative to the fixing material a plurality in the axial direction adjacent and in the radial direction Metal pin (4) formed projections.
29. 29 metal fixing material passage (1) according to one of the sentences 1 to 28, characterized in that at least two metal pins (4, 5) are provided.
30. 30 metal fixing material passage (1) according to sentence 29, characterized in that the least two metal pins (4, 5) are arranged parallel to each other.
31. 31 metal fixing material passage (1) according to one of the sentences 29 to 30, characterized in that the second metal pin (5) is grounded as a ground pin on the back (12) of the base body (3).
32. 32. Metal Fixiermaterial-implementation (1) according to one of sentences 1 to 28, characterized in that a metal pin (4) is provided, which is arranged in a through hole (11) in the base body (3) in a fixing material, as well as a Sleeve (26) of the main body (3), which is grounded.
33. 33. Metal fixing material passage (1) according to one of the sentences 1 to 32, characterized in that the metal pin (4) is fixedly connected to a fixing material a Fixiermaterialpfropfen.
34. 34. metal fixing material passage (1) according to sentence 33, characterized in that the metal pin (4) is fused with the fixing material.
35. 35. Metal Fixiermaterial-implementation (1) according to any one of sentences 1 to 34, characterized in that a glass plug formed from a glass plug (6) or a high-performance polymer is used as a fixing material.
36. 36. Metal Fixiermaterial-implementation (1) according to one of the sentences 1 to 35, characterized in that the base body (3) made of mild steel.
37. 37. Metal fixing material passage (1) according to one of the sentences 1 to 35, characterized in that the base body (3) made of stainless steel or of one of the following steels
    • X12CrMoS17
    • XSCrNi1810
    • XCrNiS189
    • X2CrNi1911
    • X12CrNi177
    • X5CrNiMo17-12-2
    • X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2
    • X6CrNiTi1810
    • X15CrNiSi25-20
    • X10CrNi1808
    • X2CrNiMo17-12-2
    • X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 is.
38. 38. Use of a metal fixing material passage (1) according to any one of sentences 1 to 37 in an ignition device for airbags.
39. 39. Use of a metal fixing material passage (1) according to any one of sentences 1 to 37 in an ignition device for belt tensioners.
40. 40. A gas generator (45) comprising an ignition device (38), wherein the ignition device (38) comprises a metal fixing material passage according to one of the sentences 1 - 37.
41. 41. Gas generator (45) according to sentence 40, characterized in that it is designed as a cold gas generator or hybrid generator.
42. 42. An airbag comprising an ignition device, wherein the ignition device comprises a metal fixing material passage according to one of the sentences 1 - 37.
43. 43. belt tensioner comprising an ignition device, wherein the ignition device comprises a metal fixing material passage according to one of the sentences 1 - 37.

Claims (15)

Metal fixing material bushing (1) for lighters of airbags or belt tensioners, in particular glass-metal bushings; - With at least one metal pin (4) which is arranged in a passage opening (11) in the base body (3) in a fixing material (6), wherein the base body (3) has a front and a back (12, 13); - Between front (13) and rear (12) of the body are provided means (35) for preventing relative movement of fixing material in the direction of the back (12) relative to the inner periphery (15) of the through hole (11); - At least the passage opening (11) is punched out of the base body (3),
characterized by the following features: - The base body (3) is designed such that the ratio between the thickness (D) of the base body (3) and the maximum extent of the through hole (11) perpendicular to the axial direction of the through hole (11) in the range between 0.5 and 2 inclusive , 5 and the thickness (D) of the base body (3) is between 1.5 mm and 3 mm. Metal fixing material passage (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio between the thickness (D) of the base body (3) and the maximum extent of the through hole (11) perpendicular to the axial direction of the through hole (11) in the area between 0.8 to 1.6, preferably 0.9 to 1.4, more preferably 0.9 to 1.3, most preferably 1.0 to 1.2. Metal fixing material passage (1) according to one of the sentences 1 to 2, characterized in that the base body (3) with passage opening (11) is designed as a stamped part (9). Metal fixing material bushing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the following features: - The passage opening (11) is characterized by two partial areas (16, 17) - a partial area (17) extending from the back (12) in the direction of the front side (13) and a further portion (16) extending from the front (13) extends in the direction of the rear side (12); - The projection (37) is formed by the portion (17) which extends from the rear side (12) in the direction of the front side (13) and which is characterized by smaller internal dimensions than the further portion (16); - Both sub-areas (16, 17) have over the length of a different geometry and / or different inner dimensions. Metal fixing material passage (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the first portion (16) from the front side (13), characterized by a continuous reduction in size to the second portion (16). Metal fixing material passage (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the passage opening (11) has a circular cross-section and at least a portion of the passage opening, in particular from the front side (13) in the direction of the rear side (12 ) extending portion (16) is conical. Metal fixing material bushing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the stamped part (9) is ground. Metal fixing material passage (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the means (35) for avoiding a relative movement of fixing material in the direction of the back (12) relative to the inner periphery (15) of the passage opening (11) at least a connection between Fixiermaterialpfropfen and a part of the passage opening (11) non-positive connection. Metal fixing material bushing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that means (35) for preventing a relative movement of the metal pin (4) relative to the fixing material are provided on the metal pin. Metal fixing material bushing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the metal pin (4) is firmly connected to a fixing material resulting in a Fixiermaterialpfropfen, in particular the metal pin (4) is fused with the fixing material. Metal fixing material bushing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a glass plug formed from a glass plug (6) or a high-performance polymer is used as fixing material. Metal fixing material bushing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the base body (3) made of normal steel or stainless steel or in particular one of the following steels: St 35 St 37 St 38 - X12CrMoS17 - X5CrNi1810 - XCrNiS189 - X2CrNi1911 - X12CrNi177 - X5CrNiMo17-12-2 - X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 - X6CrNiTi1810 - X15CrNiSi25-20 - X10CrNi1808 - X2CrNiMo17-12-2 - X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 is. Use of a metal fixing material bushing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12 - In an ignition device for airbags or - In an ignition device for belt tensioner. A gas generator (45) comprising an ignition device (38), wherein the ignition device (38) comprises a metal fixing material passage according to one of claims 1 to 13. Airbag or belt tensioner, comprising an ignition device, wherein the ignition device comprises a metal fixing material passage according to one of claims 1 to 13.

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