EP1960109B1 - Stator for an impact crusher - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a stator of an impact mill for the separation of composite materials, with an outer jacket wall surface and an inner jacket wall surface, which is covered with a plurality of tiles with ribs, wherein the designed as wear parts tiles are kept interchangeable.

Impact mills are used in various fields of technology, but here only the application with regard to the separation of composite materials is of interest. Such composite materials may be composites of metal / metal, plastic / plastic, metal / plastic or mineral composites with metals and / or plastics. Since the physical properties of the individual components of the composites are different, such composite particles are separated in impact mills in that at each impulse, different materials deform unequal elastic and unequal plastically and thus separate. Typical composite materials that are processed by the applicant, for example, electronic scrap and shredder waste of all kinds, especially from the automotive industry.

The use of impact mills in this area is associated with enormous wear both the impact tools and the baffles. Accordingly, the baffles, which are the inner shell wall of the corresponding stators of such impact mills, are covered with interchangeable tiles, which have corresponding ribs on which impinge particles of aufzuschliessenden composite materials with high energy. As soon as these ribs are removed to a certain minimum by the corresponding wear, the tiles must be replaced. Ueblicherweie such tiles are made of steel plates and the ribs are formed by Nutenstossmaschinen or by cutouts. The back of such plates are adapted to the actual shell wall of the stator.

From the GB-A-1397674 an impact mill is known, the stator has a support plate on which a plurality of rib-shaped projections are welded, between which pivotally mounted on a rotor impact tools rotate through. The corresponding plate is attached to hydraulic slide elements to adjust according to the wear the plate this. To Wear of the projections must be replaced according to the entire adjustable base plate. This requires a relatively complex disassembly.

From the WO 00/53324 (BHS Sonthofen) is another impact mill known, which represents the closest prior art. This stator of an impact mill is used for the separation of composite materials and has an outer shell wall surface and an inner shell wall surface which is covered with a plurality of tiles with ribs, wherein the designed as wear parts tiles are kept interchangeable. This solution according to the preamble of claim 1 provides to mount the tiles only brick-like at the top of the stator shell wall. Correspondingly, the tiles have a continuous, cross-sectionally hook-shaped longitudinal rib extending at the upper edge region. This longitudinal rib engages in an annular groove formed on the stator wall. Over the circumference of the stator a variety of such tiles are mounted. The tiles, which have a relatively high weight, thus hold only by gravity in position and are laid against each other relatively snugly. Normally such tiles are easily interchangeable, but the mounting of these tiles holds a potentially high risk. The peripheral speed in such impact mills can be up to several hundred km / h, which represents a high potential energy. Get bigger parts in the impact mill, Normally, because the shredder was unable to downsize them, they are correspondingly hard, so these parts can jam between the rotor and the stator. Even if the impact tools are usually pivotally mounted, instantaneous acceleration forces occur, which can cause the tiles to move or even hang.

After such an incident, a total revision of the impact mill is announced.

The DE10047095 such as DE29822550U discloses tiles, which can also be used in impact mills, one piece sin and have a recess for a threaded bolt. The attachment of the tiles by means of threaded bolts, but is more difficult and the threaded bolt protrudes from the tile to the machine side out.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to improve a stator of an impact mill for the separation of composite materials according to the preamble of claim 1 so that a significantly increased security can be realized, at the same time the tiles, the wear parts are to be produced inexpensively.

This object is achieved by the features of claims 1-12, according to which the tiles are cast metal tiles having at least one threaded bore, and the outer shell wall of the stator has bushings through which fastening bolts with matching in the threaded bore of the tiles threads feasible and are securable from outside the stator.

This unusual method of attachment is based on the consideration that within the impact mill extremely heavy pollution occurs and therefore a logical and simply realizable screwing from the inside is practically unrealizable.

The use of tiles, which are designed as metal cast tiles, is particularly inexpensive, however, the precision of the casting brings an increase in manufacturing costs. To be able to work with a reduced relative accuracy, it is advantageous to provide the base of the tiles with support strips which protrude slightly from the base in order to relativize the support accuracy.

In order to realize the required strength even with cast tiles, such tile are advantageously provided with the features of the dependent claim 2.

Further advantageous embodiments of the subject invention will become apparent from the other dependent claims and the meaning thereof according to the invention will be explained in the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figur 1

einen erfindungsgemäss gestalteten Stator einer Prallmühle in perspektivischer Ansicht

Figur 2

zeigt eine zur Bekleidung der inneren Mantelwandfläche dienende Kachel mit entsprechenden Befestigungsmitteln für sich allein in perspektivischer Ansicht;

Figur 3

zeigt eine Matte, die zur Anbringung zwischen einer Kachel und der Innenwandfläche des Stators geeignet ist, im Grundriss und

Figur 4

dieselbe Matte in Seitenansicht.

Figur 5

zeigt eine einzige Kachel für sich alleine in perspektivischer Darstellung und

Figur 6

dieselbe Kachel zusammen mit den Befestigungsmitteln in einer perspektivischen Explosionszeichnung.

In the drawing, a preferred embodiment of the subject invention is shown and described in detail below. It shows:

FIG. 1

an inventively designed stator of an impact mill in perspective view

FIG. 2

shows a serving for cladding the inner jacket wall surface tile with corresponding fastening means alone in perspective view;

FIG. 3

shows a mat, which is suitable for attachment between a tile and the inner wall surface of the stator, in plan and

FIG. 4

the same mat in side view.

FIG. 5

shows a single tile alone in perspective and

FIG. 6

the same tile together with the fasteners in a perspective exploded view.

In the FIG. 1 is an overall view of the inventive stator of an impact mill shown in perspective. The stator is designated overall by 1. It has a jacket wall 2, which has an inner jacket wall surface 3 and an outer jacket wall surface 4. The upper edge of the jacket wall 2 has a circumferential collar 5 for Attachment of a lid, not shown here. The lower jacket wall edge is provided with a mounting flange 7, with which the stator 1 can be mounted on a chassis, also not shown here. Fixing holes 8 in the collar 5 are used to fix the mentioned lid, while mounting holes 9 serve to secure the Statormantelwand 2 on the chassis. While the material to be sliced is introduced through the lid, not shown, in the impact mill, the digested material occurs at a material outlet opening 6 in the lower region of the jacket wall 2. If the impact mill operates in a countercurrent process, an air flow is simultaneously injected through the material outlet opening 6. The entire inner jacket wall surface 3 is covered with tiles 10. In this view, it can be seen that the tiles 10 have baffles 13 which are parallel to the center axis of the stator, such as stiffening ribs 17, which are less high than the baffle ribs 13 and perpendicular to the aforementioned baffle ribs 13. With regard to the further embodiment of the mentioned tiles 10, reference is made to the further description of the figures.

FIG. 2 shows such a tile 10, as well as their fastening means in the assembled state by itself in perspective view. The tile 10 on its own is also in the FIG. 5 shown. The tile has a lower base 11, whose thickness is relatively low based on the total thickness of the tile. The tiles are wear parts and accordingly it is desirable that the consumption volume in relation to the total volume is relatively large. This is achieved by the impact ribs 13 in their height make up a multiple of the thickness of the lower base surface 11. The thickness of the base 11 only has to be designed so that its strength is absolutely guaranteed. In addition, the thickness of the base 11 must be such that the fastening means find sufficient support in the tiles 10. Regarding the exact configuration is on the FIG. 5 directed.

In order to make the base 11 as thin as possible optimizing, stiffening ribs 17 are present perpendicular to the course direction of the impact ribs 13. However, these stiffening ribs 17 are substantially less in height than the height of the baffles 13. The baffles 13, whose upper end surfaces define a plane which constitutes the working surface 12, have differently extending rib walls. Thus, perpendicular to the lower base surface 12, first fin walls 14 and, on the other side, second rib walls 15, which run inclined to the base surface 11, can be seen. The perpendicular to the base surface 11 extending first rib walls are arranged in the assembled state of the tiles so that accelerate in the direction of rotation of the rotor particles of composite materials on the vertical surfaces 14 hit. The inclined second rib walls 15 form so to say supporting walls, which are not directly subject to wear. The accelerated particles, which are accelerated practically tangentially by the striking tools on the rotor, strike virtually only at the outer end on the first, perpendicular to the base surface 11 extending rib walls 14. Accordingly, the baffles 13 are getting lower in height by the wear and it will not be about the baffles 13 thinner and thinner, as one might suspect. So that the working gap between the striking tools on the rotor and the impact ribs 13 on the stator remains within a small tolerance range as far as possible, so that the effectiveness of the impact mill is maintained, the striking tools are held radially displaceable on the rotor to the outside.

The attachment of the tiles 10 by means of fastening bolts 20. Normally, each tile is held with two fastening bolts. The fastening bolt is cylindrical in principle, and only the end provided with an external thread is tapered in the region of the thread 21, so that a shoulder 22 is formed at the transition between the cylindrical part of the fastening bolt 20 and the thread-carrying part 21. In the screwed state, the shoulder 22 rests on the underside of the base 11. The fastening bolts 20 are guided through the casing wall 2 of the stator 1.

Accordingly, 2 corresponding holes are provided uniformly over the entire circumference of the shell wall. The fastening bolts 20 have a diametrically penetrating the bolt Langöhr 23. This in the longitudinal axis of the mounting bolt 20 extending eye 23 is dimensioned so that a corresponding wedge-shaped cotter pin 25 positively and non-positively through this is feasible. Each mounting bolt 20 is assigned a spacer ring 24. The thickness of the spacers is selected so that in the correctly mounted state pushed through the Langöhr 23 wedge-shaped splint 25 presses on the spacer ring 24. In order for the wedge-shaped splint 25 can not fall out of the Langöhr 23, the wedge-shaped splint 25 can be secured by means of a locking pin 29. This locking pin 29 is thereby pushed through a transverse bore 27 in the split pin. The locking pin 29 in turn may be connected for example via a connecting means 28 with the spacer ring 24, in which a transverse bore 26 is also attached. This ensures that the locking pin is not lost. The connecting means 28 may be, for example, a wire or metal cable.

The transverse threaded bore 18 is practically only in the view according to the FIG. 1 recognizable. In the FIG. 6 these two holes are dashed purely schematically plotted to indicate where these transverse threaded holes 18 are mounted.

Between the base 11 of the tiles 10 and the shell wall inner surface 3 mats 30 are inserted. The mats 30 may be made of a vulcanized rubber, for example. These mats 30 have lying on a central longitudinal axis corresponding to many holes 31, as a total of fastening bolts 20 enforce this. The size of the mats 30 may be equal to the length and width of the base 11 of a tile or an integer multiple of these edge lengths of the tiles 10. In the example shown, the mat 30 in the FIGS. 3 and 4 designed according to the width of a tile and its length corresponds to the height of the jacket wall 2 of the stator. Within a stator also tiles of different sizes can be used. Preferably, however, one will make the width of all tiles the same, while their length, for example, designed differently, so that, as shown here, with two or three tile rows on top of each other. While large-length tiles are attached with 2 fixing bolts 20, half-length tiles are fixed to the shell wall 2 with only a single fixing bolt. These different lengths of tile are required in order to obtain the necessary recess for the material outlet opening 6 without the need for special tiles.

Advantageously, the stator is provided with a quadrangular in cross-section inner surface. This allows an at least approximately flat edition of the tiles 10. The tiles 10 made of a cast steel have a flat base surface 11. In addition, the tiles 10 on the base 11 support strip 16 with a relatively low height. Although these molded-on support strips 16 are not absolutely necessary, they improve the support on the outer wall surface 3 of the stator 1, since they may have cast irregularities. The linear support can be realized much easier than a full-surface edition. At the same time, according to the invention, in a preferred embodiment, as already mentioned, a mat 30 is placed between the casing wall inner surface 3 and the base surface 11 of the tiles. This mat not only serves as a compensation to achieve a reasonably flat surface, but at the same time causes a certain vibration insulation and thereby leads to a reduction of the noise emission. By this measure, the vibrations are reduced so much that thereby no loosening of the fastening bolts 20 happens.

Thanks to the fastening bolts, which are easily accessible from the outside and their simple securing, the replacement of the tiles on the outer wall surface of the shell is possible with a much shorter interruption of operation than in the case of Solutions that provide a different attachment, but at the same time the security is very large. To replace the tiles of the lid, not shown here, the impact mill is removed and then pulled out the entire rotor, so that then the tiles are freely accessible.

The use of cast tiles, which are rather wear parts per se, is much cheaper than the previously used solutions that are realized on machining centers in the usual mechanical engineering.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

stator

2

shell wall

3

inner jacket wall surface

4

outer jacket wall surface

5

collar

6

Material outlet opening

7

mounting flange

8th

mounting hole

9

mounting hole

10

tile

11

lower base area

12

working surface

13

baffle rib

14

first rib wall

15

second rib wall

16

supporting strip

17

stiffening rib

18

crossing threaded hole

19

execution

20

mounting bolts

21

thread-carrying part

22

shoulder

23

Langöhr

24

spacer

25

wedge-shaped sapwood

26

crossing bore in the spacer ring

27

crossing hole in the sapwood

28

connecting means

29

safety pin

30

Mats

31

holes

Claims (12)

1. Stator (1) of an impact crusher for separating composite materials, having an outer face of the casing wall (4) and an inner face of the casing wall (3), which is furnished with a plurality of tiles (10) having ribs (13, 17), wherein the outer casing wall (4) of the stator (1) has through-feeds (19), wherein the tiles designed as wearing parts are attached so as to be replaceable, the tiles (10) are cast metal tile, characterized in that the tiles have at least one transverse threaded hole (18), the fixing bolts (20) can be passed through the feed-throughs (19) with corresponding threads into the threaded hole in the tiles, the fixing bolts (20) have a slotted hole (23) through which a wedge-shaped cotter (25) can be passed, enabling the tiles (10) to be mounted securely from outside the stator (1).
2. Stator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the tiles (10) have a substantially flat base face (11) and an upper working face (12), wherein the working face is formed by parallel ribs, the first rib walls (14) of which each extend perpendicularly to the base face (11) and protrude inwards, axially parallel to the stator centre axis in the mounted condition, while the second rib walls (15) are inclined with respect to the base face.
3. Stator according to Claim 2, characterized in that the base faces (11) of the tiles (10) have supporting strips (16) which project slightly from the base face.
4. Stator according to Claim 2, characterized in that reinforcement ribs (17) extend between the crusher ribs perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the crusher ribs (13).
5. Stator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the tiles are retained on the inner face of the casing wall (3) with placement of at least one rubber mat (30) therebetween.
6. Stator according to Claim 1, characterized in that a spacer ring (24) is slid over the fixing bolt (20), which ring lies flush against the outer face of the casing wall (4), and the wedge-shaped cotter (25) presses against the spacer ring (24).
7. Stator according to Claim 6, characterized in that both the spacer ring (24) and the wedge-shaped cotter (25) have a transverse hole (26, 27) through which a connection element (28) is inserted.
8. Stator according to Claim 1, characterized in that a rubber-elastic mat (30) is arranged between the tiles (10) and the inner face of the casing wall (3) of the stator.
9. Stator according to Claim 8, characterized in that the mat (30) corresponds to the width and height of a tile (10) or to an integer multiple thereof.
10. Stator according to Claim 8, characterized in that the mat (30) corresponds to the width of a tile (10) and to the height of the inner face of the casing wall (3).
11. Stator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the stator has a polygonal inner cross section, wherein the width of one edge of the polygon matches a width of a tile, so that the tile (10) is able to lie flush against the inner face of the stator either indirectly or directly.
12. Tile (10) with fixing bolts (20) for lining a stator (1) according to Claim 1, wherein the stator (1) is part of an impact crusher for separating composite materials and has an outer face of the casing wall (4) and an inner face of the casing wall (3), which is furnished with a plurality of tiles (10) having ribs (13, 17), wherein the tile designed as a replaceable wearing part is a cast metal tile, characterized in that at least one threaded hole (18) passes through the tile and the fixing bolt (20) can be secured in the threaded hole (18) in the tile (10) with a fitting thread (21), and that the fixing bolt (20) has a slotted hole (23) through which a wedge-shaped cotter (25) can be passed, enabling the tile (10) and the fixing bolt (20) to be mounted securely from outside the stator (1).

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