EP1467089A1 - Hollow needle for a fuel injector - Google Patents

Hollow needle for a fuel injector Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1467089A1
EP1467089A1 EP04300185A EP04300185A EP1467089A1 EP 1467089 A1 EP1467089 A1 EP 1467089A1 EP 04300185 A EP04300185 A EP 04300185A EP 04300185 A EP04300185 A EP 04300185A EP 1467089 A1 EP1467089 A1 EP 1467089A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
needle
closing device
valve closing
valve
seat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04300185A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1467089B1 (en
Inventor
Nicolas Delmas
Laurent Levin
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Renault SAS
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Renault SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F02M69/041—Injectors peculiar thereto having vibrating means for atomizing the fuel, e.g. with sonic or ultrasonic vibrations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for valve closure, used in particular in devices intended to ensure a spray of fluids.
  • the present invention relates more particularly a type of geometry for a valve, intended for the metered delivery of fluids, for example in fuel injection systems of a vehicle automobile.
  • a valve intended for the metered delivery of fluids, for example in fuel injection systems of a vehicle automobile.
  • Such a device is described for example in the patent application FR2801346.
  • This patent application describes a device fuel injection characterized in particular by the fact that the said injection system has a so-called outgoing needle or suspended that can deform under the action of waves ultrasound so as to define an annular slot ejection with respect to a valve seat.
  • the needle must have sufficiently high mechanical characteristics in order to ability to withstand the risk of stress mechanics generated on the one hand by deformation waves but also by the high pressure of the fluid in which bathe the needle.
  • the compromise between the pressure injection, flow and mechanical strength of the system is a major problem from the moment the section maximum of the needle is limited by the aforementioned problem and the minimum diameter of the needle head at the level of the sealing area on its seat is fixed by the minimum flow desired.
  • the difference between the two aforementioned sections defines a section apparent to the fluid that will undergo efforts due to the pressure, which will have to be compensated by pulling the needle in order to guarantee the correct sealing of the valve at rest.
  • the maximum usable pressure in the system will be limited by the maximum effort of acceptable traction on the needle at rest. For a given section of the needle shaft, the pressure maximum allowable figure will be lower when the apparent section to the fluid will be important.
  • the opening of the valve is generated by the deformations of the needle under the effects of waves ultrasonic acoustics.
  • the section of the needle shaft must all be sufficiently low to allow significant deformations, and the section of the valve at the sealing area when to it must be high enough to ensure the desired flow rate.
  • the apparent section to the fluid under pressure as well defined does not allow to exceed a pressure maximum in operation greater than one hundred bars, so that the static stress at rest in the stem generated by the tensile force required for sealing does not cause breakage of the needle.
  • the effort to traction should be readjusted in the case of variations of the operating pressure.
  • the present invention aims to to perfect the implementation of the above-mentioned proposing a geometry of the adapted needle, so that its mechanical characteristics better meet the needs functionalities of a device for dosing of fluids, and in particular allow to increase substantially the supply pressure of said device, while allowing the reduction of the static effort to apply to the needle to seal the system at rest and a self adaptation of this effort compared to the operating pressure.
  • a closing device valve of a fuel injection system comprising an outgoing or suspended needle able to deform under the action of ultrasonic waves so as to define a annular ejection slot with respect to a seat of valve characterized in that it comprises a first part forming the needle, the needle is formed of a non-emerging hollow cylindrical bar at a first end.
  • the needle comprises two distinct parts, forming a solidarity unit.
  • the section apparent to the fluid that corresponds according to the demand of FR2801346 patent unlike section between the wall outer of the needle and the shaped bore along the nozzle forming the body of said injector, can be adapted to minimize the static effort to apply to the needle to keep the valve closed without generating too many losses during the path of the fluid to the ejection nose for lead into the combustion chamber.
  • the device according to the invention can be applied to an injection system fuel having a so-called outgoing needle or suspended which can deform under the action of waves ultrasound so as to define an annular slot ejection with respect to a valve seat.
  • an injection system fuel having a so-called outgoing needle or suspended which can deform under the action of waves ultrasound so as to define an annular slot ejection with respect to a valve seat.
  • the first part includes a rod or needle 101, consisting of a bar cylindrical hollow at the end of which are shaped the shutter means 102 whose specific geometry will be detailed later.
  • the hollow cylindrical bar is characterized in that the bore 103 opens out according to a only its ends 105 only and cooperates according to this end with the second part 104 of the valve which constitutes the means of mechanical restraint of the needle.
  • the mechanical retaining means of the needle 104 is thus constituted of a bar at least partially cylindrical whose first end 106 is intended for come cooperate without play with the inside of the bore 103 of the needle.
  • This end 106 therefore has a part cylindrical adjusted with the diameter of the bore 103 which extends over a sufficient length to ensure centering and sufficient guidance of the first end 106 mechanical retaining means 104 within the bore 103, guaranteeing good coaxiality between the axes of revolution of the two parts constituting the valve, once it is assembled.
  • connection between the end 106 and the rest of the cylindrical bar 104 forming the retaining means mechanical device defines a shoulder 107 intended to provide the locking in translation of the first end 106 of the bar 104 inside the bore 103.
  • the shoulder 107 formed by the connection of cylindrical surfaces of the mechanical retaining means 104 and the first end 106 of the bar is adapted from way to support, during assembly, on the end 105 of the needle body 101.
  • the second end 108 of the retaining means mechanical 104 of the needle 101 has a conical shape 109 terminated by a thread 110.
  • the cone 109 is of type Morse taper, that is to say that it is intended to come to the inside of a counterpart having a bore conical substantially of the same angle as that of said cone 109.
  • the angle of the cone 109 may be the order of 5 to 6 °.
  • This geometry makes it possible to ensure a connection bi-directional elastic removable morse taper and counter nut between the valve and a mass ensuring a acoustic impedance break.
  • a flat 111 intended to cooperate with a tool of mounting is shaped at the end of the thread 110.
  • the sectional area of the needle may be, for example, between 0.7 and 10 mm 2 , preferably 0.78 mm 2, and the chosen material of titanium, for example of TA 6 V grade, so that its deformation in operation does not require too much amount of energy.
  • the outer diameter of the cylindrical part hollow of the needle 101 meanwhile will be fixed according the desired maximum section for the stem and the expected supply pressure for the system.
  • the outer diameter of the needle 101 in TA6V can be fixed at 3.1mm and the diameter inside at 2.7 mm.
  • shutter means 102 shaped at the end of the needle body 101.
  • the shutter means 102 is thus constituted of a partially spherical shape 112 intended to come cooperate with the seat of the valve. So, along the contact zone 112, an excellent surface state as well that a very small defect of shape, guaranteeing a tightness perfect for the valve, are necessary to ensure a fluid tightness.
  • the defects of form of this part must be less than 5pm, preferably the order of the micron.
  • the spherical shape 112 thus extends all along the contact area between the valve and its seat.
  • the rest of the outer surface 113 means shutters located outside the contact area 112 is machined so as to have a small footprint and a lowest possible mass, especially in the case applications as described in the application FR2801346. This party must also ensure sufficient rigidity to the whole of the head of the needle 102 to reduce the deformations generated by the contact forces exerted by the valve seat along the surface 112.
  • connection between the surface 112 which defines the seating area of the valve on its seat and the surface 113 has a relief angle a whose role is to avoid the phenomena of wetting the head Needle by the fuel during injection.
  • a a whose role is to avoid the phenomena of wetting the head Needle by the fuel during injection.
  • it will be better to polish the outer surface 113 after machining so as to obtain a low surface roughness, for example Ra ⁇ 0.5pm.
  • the outer surface defines a obviously, for example in the form of a reentrant cone, to significantly reduce the weight of the head 102 needle 101 without however affecting its overall rigidity of Part 102.
  • This form may be adapted for adjust the overall mass of the end of the head 102 and to give it, if necessary, a mass value specific. This parameter allows an adjustment of the mass of part 102 may prove interesting in the case of an acoustic operation of the needle such as described in patent application FR2801346.
  • the bottom 116 of the bore 103 has a shape adapted to allow a relief of the needle head 102 while ensuring that the deformations of the outer part 115 under the pressurized fluid forces remain lower than a few microns, preferably less than 5 microns.
  • the profile of the shape of the bottom 116 of the bore 103 of the needle 101 is a W.
  • Upstream of the contact surface 112 is shaped a cylindrical portion 115 of outer diameter slightly greater than that of the rest of the body of the needle 101. This zone is intended to cooperate with a bore of the injection system (not shown) so as to ensure guiding the valve so as to prevent the translational movements during openings and valve closures are disturbed by a excessive beating of the needle body 101.

Abstract

The device has a part with a suspended needle (101) made of a hollow cylindrical bar closing at an end. An obturator unit (102) is placed at the end of the hollow cylindrical bar. The needle deforms itself under the action of ultrasound waves to define an annular exhaust crack with respect to a valve seat. The obturator unit is in partial hemispheric form to form an annular contact zone.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de fermeture de soupape, utilisée notamment dans des dispositifs destinés à assurer une pulvérisation de fluides.The present invention relates to a device for valve closure, used in particular in devices intended to ensure a spray of fluids.

La présente invention concerne plus particulièrement un type de géométrie pour une soupape, destinée à la délivrance dosée de fluides, par exemple dans les systèmes d'injection de carburant d'un véhicule automobile. Un tel dispositif est décrit par exemple dans la demande de brevet FR2801346.The present invention relates more particularly a type of geometry for a valve, intended for the metered delivery of fluids, for example in fuel injection systems of a vehicle automobile. Such a device is described for example in the patent application FR2801346.

Cette demande de brevet décrit un dispositif d'injection de carburant caractérisé notamment en ce que le dit système d'injection possède une aiguille dite sortante ou suspendue qui peut se déformer sous l'action d'ondes ultrasonores de manière à définir une fente annulaire d'éjection par rapport à un siège de soupape.This patent application describes a device fuel injection characterized in particular by the fact that the said injection system has a so-called outgoing needle or suspended that can deform under the action of waves ultrasound so as to define an annular slot ejection with respect to a valve seat.

Dans tous les cas cependant, on est confronté au délicat problème de réaliser tout à la fois une excellente étanchéité du siège lorsque le dispositif est au repos sans pour autant nuire aux autres fonctionnalités que doit assurer l'aiguille, et en particulier les ouvertures fermetures de la soupape qui permettent la pulvérisation du fluide.In any case, however, we are confronted with delicate problem of achieving all at once an excellent seat tightness when the device is at rest without to harm the other features that must ensure the needle, and especially the openings valve closures that allow spraying of the fluid.

De plus, l'aiguille doit posséder des caractéristiques mécaniques suffisamment élevées afin de pouvoir supporter sans risque de rupture les contraintes mécaniques générées d'une part par les ondes de déformation mais aussi par la pression élevée du fluide dans lequel baigne l'aiguille.In addition, the needle must have sufficiently high mechanical characteristics in order to ability to withstand the risk of stress mechanics generated on the one hand by deformation waves but also by the high pressure of the fluid in which bathe the needle.

Ainsi, la prise en compte de toutes les contraintes fonctionnelles pour l'aiguille ne permet pas forcément d'optimiser séparément tous les paramètres géométriques et le choix définitif des formes et des dimensions des différentes parties de l'aiguille est toujours le résultat d'un compromis entre les performances du système, sa robustesse et sa fiabilité. Par exemple, la tenue mécanique statique de l'aiguille à la pression lorsque le système est au repos dépend de la section de la tige. Or ce paramètre influence également l'ouverture de l'aiguille par l'action des ondes de déformation ultrasonores car il modifie tout à la fois les propriétés élastiques et inertielles de celle-ci.Thus, taking into account all the constraints functional for the needle does not necessarily to optimize separately all geometric parameters and the final choice of shapes and dimensions of different parts of the needle is always the result a compromise between the performance of the system, its robustness and reliability. For example, the mechanical strength static from the needle to the pressure when the system is at rest depends on the section of the stem. But this parameter also influences the opening of the needle by the action ultrasonic deformation waves as it alters everything to both the elastic and inertial properties of it.

Par ailleurs, le compromis entre la pression d'injection, le débit et la tenue mécanique du système s'avère un problème majeur à partir du moment ou la section maximale de l'aiguille est limitée par le problème précité et le diamètre minimal de la tête de l'aiguille au niveau de la zone d'étanchéité sur son siège est fixée par le débit minimal souhaité. Dans ce cas en effet, la différence entre les deux sections précitées définit une section apparente au fluide qui subira des efforts dus à la pression, efforts qu'il faudra compenser en tirant sur l'aiguille afin de garantir la bonne étanchéité de la soupape au repos. Ainsi, la pression maximale utilisable dans le système sera limitée par l'effort maximum de traction acceptable sur l'aiguille au repos. Pour une section donnée de la tige de l'aiguille, la pression maximale admissible sera d'autant plus faible que la section apparente au fluide sera importante.Moreover, the compromise between the pressure injection, flow and mechanical strength of the system is a major problem from the moment the section maximum of the needle is limited by the aforementioned problem and the minimum diameter of the needle head at the level of the sealing area on its seat is fixed by the minimum flow desired. In this case indeed, the difference between the two aforementioned sections defines a section apparent to the fluid that will undergo efforts due to the pressure, which will have to be compensated by pulling the needle in order to guarantee the correct sealing of the valve at rest. Thus, the maximum usable pressure in the system will be limited by the maximum effort of acceptable traction on the needle at rest. For a given section of the needle shaft, the pressure maximum allowable figure will be lower when the apparent section to the fluid will be important.

Dans le cas par exemple de la demande de brevet FR2801346, l'ouverture de la soupape est générée par les déformations de l'aiguille sous les effets des ondes acoustiques ultrasonores. Pour ce type d'application dans lequel il est nécessaire de garantir un débit de fluide suffisant au bon fonctionnement du moteur, la section de la tige de l'aiguille doit tout à la fois être suffisamment faible pour permettre des déformations importantes, et la section de la soupape au niveau de la zone d'étanchéité quand à elle doit être suffisamment élevée pour assurer le débit souhaité.In the case for example of the patent application FR2801346, the opening of the valve is generated by the deformations of the needle under the effects of waves ultrasonic acoustics. For this type of application in which it is necessary to guarantee a flow of fluid sufficient for the proper functioning of the engine, the section of the needle shaft must all be sufficiently low to allow significant deformations, and the section of the valve at the sealing area when to it must be high enough to ensure the desired flow rate.

La section apparente au fluide sous pression ainsi définie ne permet donc pas de dépasser une pression maximale en fonctionnement supérieure à une centaine de bars, afin que la contrainte statique au repos dans la tige générée par l'effort de traction nécessaire à l'étanchéité ne provoque pas la rupture de l'aiguille. De plus, pour assurer un fonctionnement correct du système, l'effort de traction doit être réajusté dans le cas de variations de la pression de fonctionnement.The apparent section to the fluid under pressure as well defined does not allow to exceed a pressure maximum in operation greater than one hundred bars, so that the static stress at rest in the stem generated by the tensile force required for sealing does not cause breakage of the needle. In addition, for ensure correct operation of the system, the effort to traction should be readjusted in the case of variations of the operating pressure.

La présente invention a pour objectif de perfectionner la réalisation du dispositif précité, en proposant une géométrie de l'aiguille adaptée, afin que ses caractéristiques mécaniques répondent mieux aux besoins fonctionnels d'un dispositif destiné à la délivrance dosée de fluides, et en particulier permettent d'augmenter sensiblement la pression d'alimentation du dit dispositif, tout en permettant la réduction de l'effort statique à appliquer à l'aiguille pour assurer l'étanchéité du système au repos et une auto adaptation de cet effort par rapport à la pression de fonctionnement.The present invention aims to to perfect the implementation of the above-mentioned proposing a geometry of the adapted needle, so that its mechanical characteristics better meet the needs functionalities of a device for dosing of fluids, and in particular allow to increase substantially the supply pressure of said device, while allowing the reduction of the static effort to apply to the needle to seal the system at rest and a self adaptation of this effort compared to the operating pressure.

Ce but est atteint par un dispositif de fermeture de soupape d'un système d'injection de carburant comprenant une aiguille sortante ou suspendue apte à se déformer sous l'action d'ondes ultrasonores de manière à définir une fente annulaire d'éjection par rapport à un siège de soupape caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une première partie formant l'aiguille, l'aiguille est formée d'une barre cylindrique creuse non débouchante à une première extrémité.This goal is achieved by a closing device valve of a fuel injection system comprising an outgoing or suspended needle able to deform under the action of ultrasonic waves so as to define a annular ejection slot with respect to a seat of valve characterized in that it comprises a first part forming the needle, the needle is formed of a non-emerging hollow cylindrical bar at a first end.

Cette géométrie particulière permet tout à la fois de réduire sensiblement la section apparente au fluide tout en conservant des caractéristiques mécaniques d'une aiguille cylindrique pleine de diamètre inférieur comme f celle décrite dans la demande de brevet FR2801346.This particular geometry allows all at once to significantly reduce the apparent section to the fluid all retaining mechanical characteristics of a full cylindrical needle of smaller diameter as f that described in the patent application FR2801346.

Selon un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention, l'aiguille comprend deux parties distinctes, formant un ensemble solidaire.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the needle comprises two distinct parts, forming a solidarity unit.

Avec ce type de structure hétérogène, on obtient ainsi un avantage essentiel en ce que chacune des parties de l'aiguille bénéficie d'une plus grande souplesse de réalisation.With this type of heterogeneous structure, we obtain thus an essential advantage in that each of the parties needle has a greater flexibility of production.

Une fois le diamètre extérieur figé, la section apparente au fluide qui correspond selon la demande de brevet FR2801346 à la différence de section entre la paroi extérieure de l'aiguille et l'alésage conformé le long de la buse formant le corps du dit injecteur, pourra être adaptée afin de réduire le plus possible l'effort statique à appliquer à l'aiguille pour maintenir la soupape fermée sans pour autant générer trop de pertes de charges durant le trajet du fluide jusqu'au nez d'éjection destiné à déboucher à l'intérieur de la chambre de combustion.Once the outside diameter is frozen, the section apparent to the fluid that corresponds according to the demand of FR2801346 patent unlike section between the wall outer of the needle and the shaped bore along the nozzle forming the body of said injector, can be adapted to minimize the static effort to apply to the needle to keep the valve closed without generating too many losses during the path of the fluid to the ejection nose for lead into the combustion chamber.

On comprendra mieux les buts, aspects et avantages de la présente invention, d'après la description donnée ci-après de différents modes de réalisation, présentés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, en se référant aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 est une vue globale en coupe partielle du dispositif objet de la présente invention.
  • La figure 2 est une vue en coupe de la partie inférieure du corps d'aiguille
    • The aims, aspects and advantages of the present invention will be better understood from the description given below of various embodiments, given by way of non-limiting examples, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is an overall view in partial section of the device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the lower part of the needle body

    • En se reportant à la figure 1, nous avons représenté le dispositif de soupape objet de l'invention.Referring to Figure 1, we have represented the valve device object of the invention.

    Comme indiqué dans le préambule, le dispositif selon l'invention peut s'appliquer à un système d'injection de carburant possédant une aiguille dite sortante ou suspendue qui peut se déformer sous l'action d'ondes ultrasonores de manière à définir une fente annulaire d'éjection par rapport à un siège de soupape. Un tel système est décrit dans la demande de brevet français FR2801346.As stated in the preamble, the device according to the invention can be applied to an injection system fuel having a so-called outgoing needle or suspended which can deform under the action of waves ultrasound so as to define an annular slot ejection with respect to a valve seat. Such system is described in the French patent application FR2801346.

    Ce dispositif selon l'invention est composé de deux parties distinctes solidaires. La première partie comprend une tige ou aiguille 101, constituée d'une barre cylindrique creuse à l'extrémité de laquelle sont conformés les moyens obturateurs 102 dont la géométrie spécifique sera détaillée plus loin. La barre cylindrique creuse est caractérisée en ce que l'alésage 103 débouche selon une seule de ses extrémités 105 seulement et coopère selon cette extrémité avec la seconde partie 104 de la soupape qui constitue les moyens de retenue mécanique de l'aiguille.This device according to the invention is composed of two separate distinct parts. The first part includes a rod or needle 101, consisting of a bar cylindrical hollow at the end of which are shaped the shutter means 102 whose specific geometry will be detailed later. The hollow cylindrical bar is characterized in that the bore 103 opens out according to a only its ends 105 only and cooperates according to this end with the second part 104 of the valve which constitutes the means of mechanical restraint of the needle.

    Les moyens de retenue mécanique de l'aiguille 104 est ainsi constituée d'une barre au moins partiellement cylindrique dont la première extrémité 106 est destinée à venir coopérer sans jeu avec l'intérieur de l'alésage 103 de l'aiguille. Cette extrémité 106 présente donc une partie cylindrique ajustée avec le diamètre de l'alésage 103 qui s'étend sur une longueur suffisante destinée à assurer un centrage et un guidage suffisant de la première extrémité 106 des moyens de retenue mécanique 104 à l'intérieur de l'alésage 103, garants d'une bonne coaxialité entre les axes de révolution des deux parties constituant la soupape, une fois celle-ci assemblée.The mechanical retaining means of the needle 104 is thus constituted of a bar at least partially cylindrical whose first end 106 is intended for come cooperate without play with the inside of the bore 103 of the needle. This end 106 therefore has a part cylindrical adjusted with the diameter of the bore 103 which extends over a sufficient length to ensure centering and sufficient guidance of the first end 106 mechanical retaining means 104 within the bore 103, guaranteeing good coaxiality between the axes of revolution of the two parts constituting the valve, once it is assembled.

    Le raccordement entre l'extrémité 106 et le reste de la barre cylindrique 104 formant les moyens de retenue mécanique définit un épaulement 107 destiné à assurer le blocage en translation de la première extrémité 106 de la barre 104 à l'intérieur l'alésage 103.The connection between the end 106 and the rest of the cylindrical bar 104 forming the retaining means mechanical device defines a shoulder 107 intended to provide the locking in translation of the first end 106 of the bar 104 inside the bore 103.

    L'épaulement 107 formé par le raccordement des surfaces cylindriques des moyens de retenue mécanique 104 et de la première extrémité 106 de la barre est adapté de manière à venir en appui, lors de l'assemblage, sur l'extrémité 105 du corps d'aiguille 101. Une fois les deux pièces assemblées, la liaison complète entre l'aiguille 101 et les moyens de retenue mécanique 104 est obtenue par des moyens de soudure mécanique comme par exemple une soudure au faisceau d'électron ou encore au laser, dont la forme pourra être adaptée en fonction de la résistance souhaitée, le long d'une surface définie par la surface extérieure de l'extrémité 105 de l'aiguille 101, en vis-à-vis de la première extrémité 106 des moyens d retenue mécanique 104.The shoulder 107 formed by the connection of cylindrical surfaces of the mechanical retaining means 104 and the first end 106 of the bar is adapted from way to support, during assembly, on the end 105 of the needle body 101. Once the two assembled parts, the complete connection between the needle 101 and the mechanical retaining means 104 is obtained by means mechanical welding means such as a welding electron beam or laser, whose shape can be adapted according to the desired resistance, along a surface defined by the outer surface of the end 105 of the needle 101, vis-à-vis the first end 106 of the mechanical retention means 104.

    En utilisant ainsi l'épaulement 107 assorti d'un montage sans jeu du diamètre de la première extrémité 106 dans l'alésage 103 de 'aiguille 101 et d'une soudure mécanique, on obtient tout à la fois une liaison rigide assortie d'une parfaite coaxialité entre les deux parties constituant la soupape, et une étanchéité entre l'alésage 103 conformé à l'intérieur du corps d'aiguille 101 et le milieu extérieur.Thus using the shoulder 107 with a mounting without play of the diameter of the first end 106 in the bore 103 of needle 101 and a weld mechanical, we obtain at the same time a rigid connection with perfect coaxiality between the two parties constituting the valve, and a seal between the bore 103 formed inside the needle body 101 and the external environment.

    La seconde extrémité 108 des moyens de retenue mécanique 104 de l'aiguille 101 présente une forme conique 109 terminée par un filetage 110. Le cône 109 est de type cône morse, c'est-à-dire qu'il est destiné à venir à l'intérieur d'une contre pièce présentant un alésage conique sensiblement du même angle que celui du dit cône 109. Par exemple, l'angle du cône 109 pourra être de l'ordre de 5 a 6°.The second end 108 of the retaining means mechanical 104 of the needle 101 has a conical shape 109 terminated by a thread 110. The cone 109 is of type Morse taper, that is to say that it is intended to come to the inside of a counterpart having a bore conical substantially of the same angle as that of said cone 109. For example, the angle of the cone 109 may be the order of 5 to 6 °.

    Cette géométrie permet d'assurer une liaison élastique bidirectionnelle démontable de type cône morse et contre écrou entre la soupape et une masse assurant une rupture d'impédance acoustique.This geometry makes it possible to ensure a connection bi-directional elastic removable morse taper and counter nut between the valve and a mass ensuring a acoustic impedance break.

    Afin de permettre le maintien de l'aiguille en rotation lors de la mise en place de la liaison précitée, un méplat 111 destiné à venir coopérer avec un outil de montage est conformée à l'extrémité du filetage 110. In order to maintain the needle in rotation during the installation of the aforementioned connection, a flat 111 intended to cooperate with a tool of mounting is shaped at the end of the thread 110.

    A titre d'exemple, dans le cas d'une structure telle que décrite dans de la demande de brevet FR2801346 dans lequel la fente d'éjection du fluide est obtenue par une déformation ultrasonore de l'aiguille et de la pièce supportant le siège, la surface de section de l'aiguille pourra être comprise par exemple entre 0.7 et 10 mm2, préférentiellement 0.78 mm2, et le matériau choisi du titane, par exemple de nuance TA6V, de sorte que sa déformation en fonctionnement ne nécessite pas une trop grande quantité d'énergie.By way of example, in the case of a structure such as described in patent application FR 2 801346 in which the fluid ejection slot is obtained by ultrasonic deformation of the needle and the piece supporting the seat, the sectional area of the needle may be, for example, between 0.7 and 10 mm 2 , preferably 0.78 mm 2, and the chosen material of titanium, for example of TA 6 V grade, so that its deformation in operation does not require too much amount of energy.

    Le diamètre extérieur de la partie cylindrique creuse de l'aiguille 101 quant à lui sera fixé en fonction de la section maximale souhaitée pour la tige et de la pression d'alimentation prévue pour le système. Par exemple, dans le cas d'une pression d'alimentation de l'ordre de 600 bars, le diamètre extérieur de l'aiguille 101 en TA6V pourra être fixé à 3.1mm et le diamètre intérieur à 2.7 mm.The outer diameter of the cylindrical part hollow of the needle 101 meanwhile will be fixed according the desired maximum section for the stem and the expected supply pressure for the system. By example, in the case of a feed pressure of the order of 600 bar, the outer diameter of the needle 101 in TA6V can be fixed at 3.1mm and the diameter inside at 2.7 mm.

    En se reportant maintenant à la figure 2, on peut voir la forme particulière des moyens obturateurs 102 conformés à l'extrémité du corps d'aiguille 101.Referring now to Figure 2, we can see the particular form of shutter means 102 shaped at the end of the needle body 101.

    Les moyens obturateurs 102 est ainsi constituée d'une forme partiellement sphérique 112 destinée à venir coopérer avec le siège de la soupape. Ainsi, le long de la zone de contact 112, un excellent état de surface ainsi qu'un très faible défaut de forme, garant d'une étanchéité parfaite pour la soupape, sont nécessaires pour assurer une étanchéité aux fluides.The shutter means 102 is thus constituted of a partially spherical shape 112 intended to come cooperate with the seat of the valve. So, along the contact zone 112, an excellent surface state as well that a very small defect of shape, guaranteeing a tightness perfect for the valve, are necessary to ensure a fluid tightness.

    En particulier, les défauts de forme de cette partie doivent être inférieurs à 5pm, préférentiellement de l'ordre du micron. La forme sphérique 112 s'étend ainsi tout le long de la zone de contact entre la soupape et son siège.In particular, the defects of form of this part must be less than 5pm, preferably the order of the micron. The spherical shape 112 thus extends all along the contact area between the valve and its seat.

    Le reste de la surface extérieure 113 des moyens obturateurs situés en dehors de la zone de contact 112 est usinée de manière à présenter un encombrement réduit et une masse la plus faible possible, notamment dans le cas d'applications telle que celle décrite dans de la demande de brevet FR2801346. Cette partie doit également assurer une rigidité suffisante à l'ensemble dé la tête de l'aiguille 102 afin de réduire les déformations générées par les efforts de contacts exercée par le siège de soupape le long de la surface 112.The rest of the outer surface 113 means shutters located outside the contact area 112 is machined so as to have a small footprint and a lowest possible mass, especially in the case applications as described in the application FR2801346. This party must also ensure sufficient rigidity to the whole of the head of the needle 102 to reduce the deformations generated by the contact forces exerted by the valve seat along the surface 112.

    Le raccordement entre la surface 112 qui définit la zone d'appui de la soupape sur son siège et la surface extérieure 113, présente un angle de dépouille a dont le rôle est d'éviter les phénomènes de mouillage de la tête d'aiguille par le carburant lors de l'injection. Toujours pour les mêmes raisons, il sera préférable de polir la surface extérieure 113 après usinage de manière à obtenir une rugosité de surface faible, par exemple Ra<0.5pm.The connection between the surface 112 which defines the seating area of the valve on its seat and the surface 113, has a relief angle a whose role is to avoid the phenomena of wetting the head Needle by the fuel during injection. Always for the same reasons, it will be better to polish the outer surface 113 after machining so as to obtain a low surface roughness, for example Ra <0.5pm.

    Selon l'extrémité inférieure 114 des moyens obturateurs 102, la surface extérieure définit un évidemment, par exemple en forme de cône rentrant, permettant de réduire sensiblement le poids de la tête 102 d'aiguille 101 sans toutefois nuire à sa rigidité globale de la partie 102. Cette forme pourra être adaptée pour ajuster la masse globale de l'extrémité de la tête 102 et lui conférer, si nécessaire, une valeur de masse spécifique. Ce paramètre permettant un ajustement de la masse de la partie 102 peut s'avérer intéressant dans le cas d'un fonctionnement acoustique de l'aiguille tel que décrit dans la demande de brevet FR2801346.According to the lower end 114 means shutters 102, the outer surface defines a obviously, for example in the form of a reentrant cone, to significantly reduce the weight of the head 102 needle 101 without however affecting its overall rigidity of Part 102. This form may be adapted for adjust the overall mass of the end of the head 102 and to give it, if necessary, a mass value specific. This parameter allows an adjustment of the mass of part 102 may prove interesting in the case of an acoustic operation of the needle such as described in patent application FR2801346.

    De la même manière, le fond 116 de l'alésage 103 présente une forme adaptée de manière à permettre un allégement de la tête d'aiguille 102 tout en assurant que les déformations de la partie extérieure 115 sous les efforts du fluide sous pression restent inférieur à quelques microns, préférentiellement moins de 5 µm. Selon la variante représentée à la figure 2, le profile de la forme du fond 116 de l'alésage 103 de l'aiguille 101 est un W.In the same way, the bottom 116 of the bore 103 has a shape adapted to allow a relief of the needle head 102 while ensuring that the deformations of the outer part 115 under the pressurized fluid forces remain lower than a few microns, preferably less than 5 microns. according to the variant shown in Figure 2, the profile of the shape of the bottom 116 of the bore 103 of the needle 101 is a W.

    En amont de la surface de contact 112 est conformé une partie cylindrique 115 de diamètre extérieur légèrement supérieur à celui du reste du corps de l'aiguille 101. Cette zone est destinée à coopérer avec un alésage du système d'injection (non représenté) de manière à assurer un guidage de la soupape de manière à éviter que les mouvements de translation lors des ouvertures et des fermetures de la soupape ne soient perturbés par un battement trop prononcé du corps d'aiguille 101.Upstream of the contact surface 112 is shaped a cylindrical portion 115 of outer diameter slightly greater than that of the rest of the body of the needle 101. This zone is intended to cooperate with a bore of the injection system (not shown) so as to ensure guiding the valve so as to prevent the translational movements during openings and valve closures are disturbed by a excessive beating of the needle body 101.

    La tolérance de guidage de la partie cylindrique 115 et devra être fixée en fonction des matériaux utilisés et devra prendre en compte les déformations dues aux contraintes thermiques auxquelles seront soumises les dits matériaux durant le fonctionnement du dispositif. On choisira par exemple un jeu inférieur à 5pm au diamètre, préférentiellement 2pm.The guiding tolerance of the cylindrical part 115 and should be fixed according to the materials used and will have to take into account the deformations due to thermal stresses to which the said materials during the operation of the device. We choose for example a game less than 5pm in diameter, preferentially 2pm.

    Bien entendu, l'invention n'est nullement limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et illustrés qui n'ont été donnés qu'à titre d'exemple.Of course, the invention is in no way limited to the described and illustrated embodiments that have not been given as an example.

    Claims (12)

    Dispositif de fermeture de soupape d'un système d'injection de carburant comprenant une aiguille (101) sortante ou suspendue apte à se déformer sous l'action d'ondes ultrasonores de manière à définir une fente annulaire d'éjection par rapport à un siège de soupape caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une première partie formant l'aiguille (101), l'aiguille (101) est formée d'une barre cylindrique creuse non débouchante à une première extrémité (102).Valve closing device of a fuel injection system comprising an outgoing or suspended needle (101) capable of deforming under the action of ultrasonic waves so as to define an annular ejection slot with respect to a seat characterized in that it comprises a first portion forming the needle (101), the needle (101) is formed of a non-emergent hollow cylindrical bar at a first end (102). Dispositif de fermeture de soupape selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la première extrémité de la barre (101) se termine par une forme évasée de diamètre supérieur à celui de la barre cylindrique creuse (101) destinée coopérer avec un siège, formant ainsi les moyens obturateurs du système d'infection de fluide.Valve closing device according to claim 1 characterized in that the first end of the bar (101) terminates in a flared shape of diameter greater than that of the hollow cylindrical bar (101) intended to cooperate with a seat, thereby forming the shutter means of the fluid infection system. Dispositif de fermeture de soupape selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que les moyens obturateurs sont de forme au moins partiellement hémisphérique de manière à former lors des contacts avec le siège de soupape une zone de contact annulaire.Valve closing device according to claim 2 characterized in that the shutter means are at least partially hemispherical in shape so as to form an annular contact zone during the contacts with the valve seat. Dispositif de fermeture de soupape selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens obturateurs (102) comprennent une zone de guidage (115) formée d'une partie cylindrique (115) de diamètre extérieur légèrement supérieur à celui du reste du corps de l'aiguille (101).Valve closing device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shutter means (102) comprise a guide zone (115) formed of a cylindrical portion (115) of external diameter slightly greater than that of the rest of the body of the needle (101). Dispositif de fermeture de soupape selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la surface extérieure des moyens obturateurs (102) comprennent, dans l'axe de l'aiguille (101), un évidement (114) de volume déterminé pour assurer une réduction de la masse de l'aiguille (101) en conservant une résistance suffisante aux déformations générées par les efforts de contact entre la soupape et sont siège.Valve closing device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the outer surface of the shutter means (102) comprises, in the axis of the needle (101), a recess (114) of determined volume to ensure a reduction of the mass of the needle (101) while maintaining sufficient resistance to the deformations generated by the contact forces between the valve and are seat. Dispositif de fermeture de soupape selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'évidement est un cône rentrant.Valve closing device according to claim 5, characterized in that the recess is a re-entrant cone. Dispositif de fermeture de soupape selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la surface (116) intérieure des moyens obturateurs (102) à un profil pour assurer une réduction de la masse de l'aiguille (101) en conservant une résistance suffisante aux déformations générées par les efforts de contact entre la soupape et sont siège.Valve closing device according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the inner surface (116) of the shutter means (102) has a profile to reduce the mass of the needle (101) while retaining sufficient resistance to the deformations generated by the contact forces between the valve and are seat. Dispositif de fermeture de soupape selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif comprend une deuxième partie distincte, formant des moyens de retenue mécanique (104).Valve closing device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the device comprises a second distinct part forming mechanical retaining means (104). Dispositif de fermeture de soupape selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8 caractérisé en ce que la surface de section de l'aiguille (101) est comprise entre 0.7 et 10 mm2, préférentiellement 0.78 mm2, et le matériau choisi du titane, par exemple de nuance TA6V, de sorte que sa déformation en fonctionnement ne nécessite pas une trop grande quantité d'énergie.Valve closing device according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the needle (101) is between 0.7 and 10 mm 2 , preferably 0.78 mm 2, and the material selected from titanium, for example example of shade TA6V, so that its deformation in operation does not require too much energy. Dispositif de fermeture de soupape selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9 caractérisé en ce que le diamètre extérieur de la barre cylindrique creuse formant l'aiguille (101) est déterminé en fonction de la section maximale souhaitée pour l'aiguille et de la pression d'alimentation prévue pour le système, préférentiellement, dans le cas d'une pression d'alimentation de l'ordre de 600 bars, le diamètre extérieur de l'aiguille est de l'ordre de 3.lmm et le diamètre intérieur de l'ordre de 2.7 mm.Valve closing device according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the outer diameter of the hollow cylindrical bar forming the needle (101) is determined as a function of the desired maximum section for the needle and the pressure for the system, preferably, in the case of a feed pressure of the order of 600 bar, the outer diameter of the needle is of the order of 3.lmm and the inner diameter of the order of 2.7 mm. Dispositif de fermeture de soupape selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10 caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une deuxième partie formant des moyens de retenue mécanique (104) de l'aiguille (101) et solidarisés mécaniquement à la première partie.Valve closing device according to one of claims 1 to 10 characterized in that it comprises a second portion forming mechanical retaining means (104) of the needle (101) and mechanically secured to the first part. Dispositif de fermeture de soupape selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10 caractérisé en ce les moyens de retenue mécanique (104) comprenant une partie au moins partiellement cylindrique dont la première extrémité (106) coopère selon une liaison solidaire avec le reste de l'aiguille (101) et l'autre extrémité est destinée à venir coopérer avec une masse formant une rupture d'impédance acoustique entre l'aiguille (101) et le reste de la structure du système d'injection.Valve closing device according to one of claims 1 to 10 characterized in that the mechanical retaining means (104) comprising an at least partially cylindrical portion whose first end (106) cooperates in a connection with the rest of the solidarity needle (101) and the other end is intended to cooperate with a mass forming an acoustic impedance break between the needle (101) and the rest of the structure of the injection system.
    EP20040300185 2003-04-11 2004-04-08 Hollow needle for a fuel injector Expired - Fee Related EP1467089B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR0304542A FR2853695B1 (en) 2003-04-11 2003-04-11 VALVE CLOSURE DEVICE OF A PRESSURIZED FLUID INJECTION SYSTEM
    FR0304542 2003-04-11

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1467089A1 true EP1467089A1 (en) 2004-10-13
    EP1467089B1 EP1467089B1 (en) 2005-12-07

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    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP20040300185 Expired - Fee Related EP1467089B1 (en) 2003-04-11 2004-04-08 Hollow needle for a fuel injector

    Country Status (4)

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    EP (1) EP1467089B1 (en)
    DE (1) DE602004000217T2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2249753T3 (en)
    FR (1) FR2853695B1 (en)

    Citations (4)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US4483485A (en) * 1981-12-11 1984-11-20 Aisan Kogyo kabuskiki Kaisha Electromagnetic fuel injector
    US4619400A (en) * 1983-06-13 1986-10-28 Shell Oil Company Self cleaning variable width annular slit atomizer
    US5833142A (en) * 1993-08-18 1998-11-10 Orbital Engine Company (Australia) Pty. Limited Fuel injector nozzles
    FR2801346A1 (en) * 1999-11-19 2001-05-25 Renault FUEL INJECTION DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

    Patent Citations (4)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US4483485A (en) * 1981-12-11 1984-11-20 Aisan Kogyo kabuskiki Kaisha Electromagnetic fuel injector
    US4619400A (en) * 1983-06-13 1986-10-28 Shell Oil Company Self cleaning variable width annular slit atomizer
    US5833142A (en) * 1993-08-18 1998-11-10 Orbital Engine Company (Australia) Pty. Limited Fuel injector nozzles
    FR2801346A1 (en) * 1999-11-19 2001-05-25 Renault FUEL INJECTION DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    DE602004000217D1 (en) 2006-01-12
    FR2853695A1 (en) 2004-10-15
    DE602004000217T2 (en) 2006-07-20
    ES2249753T3 (en) 2006-04-01
    FR2853695B1 (en) 2006-06-16
    EP1467089B1 (en) 2005-12-07

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