EP1421779A1 - Scanning camera - Google Patents
Scanning cameraInfo
- Publication number
- EP1421779A1 EP1421779A1 EP02754414A EP02754414A EP1421779A1 EP 1421779 A1 EP1421779 A1 EP 1421779A1 EP 02754414 A EP02754414 A EP 02754414A EP 02754414 A EP02754414 A EP 02754414A EP 1421779 A1 EP1421779 A1 EP 1421779A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- micromirror
- scanning camera
- sensor
- opto
- mirror
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N3/00—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages
- H04N3/02—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by optical-mechanical means only
- H04N3/08—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by optical-mechanical means only having a moving reflector
Definitions
- the invention relates to a so-called scanning camera.
- the opto-electrical image sensors used today in electronic cameras or digital cameras, ca corder and video telephones are based on semiconductor chips with an array of light-sensitive elements, so-called pixels.
- a lens optic is provided for imaging an object on this sensor, which in the simplest case consists of a single lens.
- Such optics are subject to distortions, require focusing or are bound to a fixed distance range, and their resolution is limited.
- the manufacturers of the devices mentioned at the outset strive to reduce weight, body volume and costs.
- the focal length of the lens and the distance of the lens from the image sensor are fixed by the sensor diagonal and the angle of the camera.
- a further miniaturization by reducing the sensor diagonal and thus the pixel size requires a significantly higher quality and thus more expensive optics.
- the invention has for its object to provide a smaller, yet inexpensive camera.
- a lens is no longer required and all optical properties can be significantly improved.
- the construction volume in the scanning camera according to the invention is drastically reduced compared to the conventional cameras with optics and sensor array.
- FIG. 1 shows a basic illustration of the scanning camera according to the invention
- Figure 4 shows an implementation of the scanning camera according to the invention on a chip.
- the scanning camera (SC) uses a novel image recording system.
- a biaxially tiltable or swiveling micromirror scans the surroundings or an object in a grid pattern and directs the light beam onto, for example, a single light detector element or opto-electrical sensor.
- the scanning camera SC has a point-shaped image pickup sensor SE.
- the sensor SE consists of an element or a pixel. In particular in the case of a color camera, several pixels can be provided which are sensitive to the different colors.
- the image pickup sensor SE can be implemented, for example, by a photo transistor, a CCD chip or by a CMOS module.
- the scanning camera SC has a deflection unit which is implemented by a micromirror SP.
- the micromirror SP scans an object OB two-dimensionally.
- the micromirror SP is designed to be tiltable in two axes. det. These two tilting axes are preferably perpendicular to one another. This tilting movement is symbolically represented in FIG. 1 by the two double arrows (not designated in more detail).
- the scanned solid angle is directed or reflected on the sensor SE. As a result, all elements of an image to be recorded are scanned using the time-division multiplex method and converted into image data by the sensor SE.
- the deflection unit or the micromirror SP can be implemented, for example, by so-called micromechanical elements (MEMS arrangements).
- MEMS arrangements micromechanical elements
- An overview of such components can be found, for example, on the Internet at the URL http: // ems .colorado.edu / cl. res .ppt / ppt / oe.review.
- the light-sensitive sensor SE is reduced to only a single pixel, all elements of an image to be recorded or an object OB being recorded in time-division multiplex.
- collimation optics can be dispensed with, which means that focusing on the image distance is also eliminated.
- FIG. 2 shows a possible form of implementation for the micromirror SP using a micromechanical element.
- the micromechanical element preferably consists of silicon, from which a movable tongue Z is etched out.
- the tongue Z can be deflected perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, for example with a frequency of approximately 30 to 40 kHz. This direction of movement is symbolically represented by a double arrow P1.
- the micromirror SP shown in FIG. 2 can be rotated further in the plane of the drawing, for example at a frequency of 50 Hz. This direction of movement is symbolically represented by a double arrow P2.
- FIG. 1 A further implementation possibility for the micromirror SP is shown in FIG.
- a mirror element SPM is the Art movably connected on two sides with a base body made of silicon, so that this element SPM can be deflected two-dimensionally.
- the oscillation frequencies are, for example, the same as in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4 shows a particularly preferred embodiment of the scanning camera SC according to the invention.
- the micromirror SP and the image recording sensor SE are arranged in one plane.
- Micromirror SP and image recording sensor SE can be produced side by side, for example, as micromechanical elements on an integrated module, a chip CP.
- a deflection mirror US is provided for deflecting a light beam LS reflected by the micromirror SP onto the sensor SE.
- the chip CP can be arranged in a recess in a housing GH, and the opening can be covered by a glass plate GP.
- the light beam LS falling through the glass plate GP onto the mirror SP is then directed onto the sensor SE via the deflecting mirror US.
- the deflecting mirror is preferably implemented by partially reflecting the glass plate GP.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
- Studio Devices (AREA)
- Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a scanning camera (SC) comprising a two-dimensionally displaceable micro-mirror (SP) for scanning an object (OB) and for representing said image on an anastigmatic optoelectric sensor (SE), which is configured for converting an image that is scanned by time-division multiplexing into electric image data. According to the invention, the micro-mirror (SP) and the optoelectric sensor (SE) are arranged on one plane and a deflection mirror (US) is located in the optical path between the micro-mirror (SP) and the optoelectric sensor (SE).
Description
Beschreibungdescription
Scanning-KameraScanning camera
Die Erfindung betrifft eine sogenannte Scanning-Kamera.The invention relates to a so-called scanning camera.
Die heute in elektronischen Kameras beziehungsweise Digitalkameras , Ca cordern und Bildtelefonen eingesetzten opto- elektrischen Bildsensoren basieren auf Halbleiterchips mit einem Array von lichtempfindlichen Elementen, sogenannten Pixeln. Zur Abbildung eines Objektes auf diesen Sensor ist eine Linsenoptik vorgesehen, die im einfachsten Fall aus einer einzigen Linse besteht. Eine solche Optik ist mit Verzerrungen behaftet, sie benötigt eine ScharfStellung oder ist an einen fest vorgegebenen Entfernungsbereich gebunden, und sie ist in ihrer Auflösung beschränkt.The opto-electrical image sensors used today in electronic cameras or digital cameras, ca corder and video telephones are based on semiconductor chips with an array of light-sensitive elements, so-called pixels. A lens optic is provided for imaging an object on this sensor, which in the simplest case consists of a single lens. Such optics are subject to distortions, require focusing or are bound to a fixed distance range, and their resolution is limited.
Die Hersteller der eingangs genannten Geräte streben eine Reduzierung von Gewicht, Aufbauvolumen und der Kosten an. Die Linsenbrennweite und der Abstand der Linse vom Bildsensor ist durch die Sensordiagonale und den Aufnahmewinkel der Kamera fest vorgegeben. Eine weitere Miniaturisierung durch eine Verkleinerung der Sensordiagonale und damit der Pixelgrösse erfordert eine deutlich höherwertige und damit auch teurere Optik.The manufacturers of the devices mentioned at the outset strive to reduce weight, body volume and costs. The focal length of the lens and the distance of the lens from the image sensor are fixed by the sensor diagonal and the angle of the camera. A further miniaturization by reducing the sensor diagonal and thus the pixel size requires a significantly higher quality and thus more expensive optics.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde eine kleinere und doch kostengünstige Kamera anzugeben.The invention has for its object to provide a smaller, yet inexpensive camera.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die im Patentanspruch angegebene Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved by the features specified in the claim.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Kamera wird keine Linse mehr benötigt und alle optischen Eigenschaften können deutlich verbessert werden.
Das Aufbauvolumen ist bei der erfindungsgemäßen Scanning- Kamera verglichen mit den herkömmlichen Kameras mit Optik und Sensor-Array drastisch reduziert.In the camera according to the invention, a lens is no longer required and all optical properties can be significantly improved. The construction volume in the scanning camera according to the invention is drastically reduced compared to the conventional cameras with optics and sensor array.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles beschrieben. Dabei zeigen:The invention is described below using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. Show:
Figur 1 eine Prinzipdarstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Scanning-Kamera,FIG. 1 shows a basic illustration of the scanning camera according to the invention,
Figur 2 und 3 Ausführungsformen für einen dabei verwendeten Mikrospiegel, undFigures 2 and 3 embodiments for a micromirror used, and
Figur 4 eine Implementierung der erfindungsgemäßen Scanning- Kamera auf einem Chip.Figure 4 shows an implementation of the scanning camera according to the invention on a chip.
Die erfindungsgemäße Scanning-Kamera (SC) benutzt ein neuartiges Bildaufnahmesystem. Im Prinzip scannt ein zweiachsig kippbarer beziehungsweise schwenkbarer Mikrospiegel die Umgebung beziehungsweise ein Objekt rasterweise ab und lenkt den Lichtstrahl auf ein beispielsweise einzelnes Lichtdetektorelement beziehungsweise opto-elektrischen Sensor.The scanning camera (SC) according to the invention uses a novel image recording system. In principle, a biaxially tiltable or swiveling micromirror scans the surroundings or an object in a grid pattern and directs the light beam onto, for example, a single light detector element or opto-electrical sensor.
Wie in Figur 1 dargestellt, weist die erfindungsgemäße Scanning-Kamera SC einen punktförmigen Bildaufnahmesensor SE auf. Der Sensor SE besteht aus einem Element beziehungsweise einem Pixel . Insbesondere bei einer Farbkamera können mehrere Pixel vorgesehen sein, die für die verschiedenen Farben empfindlich sind. Der Bildaufnahmesensor SE kann beispielsweise durch einen Fototransistor, einen CCD-Chip oder durch einen CMOS- Baustein realisiert sein.As shown in FIG. 1, the scanning camera SC according to the invention has a point-shaped image pickup sensor SE. The sensor SE consists of an element or a pixel. In particular in the case of a color camera, several pixels can be provided which are sensitive to the different colors. The image pickup sensor SE can be implemented, for example, by a photo transistor, a CCD chip or by a CMOS module.
Weiter weist die Scanning-Kamera SC eine Ablenkeinheit auf, die durch einen Mikrospiegel SP realisiert ist. Erfindungsgemäß tastet der Mikrospiegel SP ein Objekt OB zweidimensional ab. Der Mikrospiegel SP ist dazu zweiachsig kippbar ausgebil-
det. Vorzugsweise stehen diese beiden Kippachsen senkrecht aufeinander Diese Kippbewegung ist in der Figur 1 durch die beiden Doppelpfeile (nicht näher bezeichnet) symbolisch dargestellt. Der abgetastete Raumwinkel wird auf den Sensor SE gelenkt beziehungsweise reflektiert. Hierdurch werden alle Elemente eines aufzunehmenden Bildes im Zeitmultiplexverfah- ren abgetastet und vom Sensor SE in Bilddaten umgesetzt.Furthermore, the scanning camera SC has a deflection unit which is implemented by a micromirror SP. According to the invention, the micromirror SP scans an object OB two-dimensionally. The micromirror SP is designed to be tiltable in two axes. det. These two tilting axes are preferably perpendicular to one another. This tilting movement is symbolically represented in FIG. 1 by the two double arrows (not designated in more detail). The scanned solid angle is directed or reflected on the sensor SE. As a result, all elements of an image to be recorded are scanned using the time-division multiplex method and converted into image data by the sensor SE.
Die Ablenkeinheit beziehungsweise der Mikrospiegel SP kann beispielsweise durch sogenannte mikromechanische Elemente (MEMS-Anordnungen) realisiert sein. Ein Überblick über solche Bauelemente kann beispielsweise im Internet unter der URL http: // ems .colorado.edu/cl . res .ppt/ppt/oe.review abgefragt werden.The deflection unit or the micromirror SP can be implemented, for example, by so-called micromechanical elements (MEMS arrangements). An overview of such components can be found, for example, on the Internet at the URL http: // ems .colorado.edu / cl. res .ppt / ppt / oe.review.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Scanning-Kamera SC reduziert sich der lichtempfindliche Sensor SE auf nur einen einzigen Bildpunkt, wobei alle Elemente eines aufzunehmenden Bildes beziehungsweise eines Objektes OB im Zeitmultiplex aufgenommen werden. Prinzipbedingt kann auf eine Kollimationsoptik verzichtet werden, womit auch das Fokussieren auf die Bildentfernung entfällt.In the scanning camera SC according to the invention, the light-sensitive sensor SE is reduced to only a single pixel, all elements of an image to be recorded or an object OB being recorded in time-division multiplex. As a matter of principle, collimation optics can be dispensed with, which means that focusing on the image distance is also eliminated.
In Figur 2 ist eine mögliche Realisierungsform für den Mikrospiegel SP durch ein mikromechanisches Element dargestellt. Das mikromechanische Element besteht vorzugsweise aus Silizium, aus dem eine bewegliche Zunge Z herausgeätzt ist. Die Zunge Z kann senkrecht zur Zeichnungsebene ausgelenkt werden, beispielsweise mit einer Frequenz von ca. 30 bis 40 KHz. Diese Bewegungsrichtung ist durch einen Doppelpfeil Pl symbolisch dargestellt. Der in Figur 2 dargestellt Mikrospiegel SP kann weiter in der Zeichnungsebene gedreht werden, beispielsweise mit einer Frequenz von 50 Hz. Diese Bewegungsrichtung ist durch einen Doppelpfeil P2 symbolisch dargestellt.FIG. 2 shows a possible form of implementation for the micromirror SP using a micromechanical element. The micromechanical element preferably consists of silicon, from which a movable tongue Z is etched out. The tongue Z can be deflected perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, for example with a frequency of approximately 30 to 40 kHz. This direction of movement is symbolically represented by a double arrow P1. The micromirror SP shown in FIG. 2 can be rotated further in the plane of the drawing, for example at a frequency of 50 Hz. This direction of movement is symbolically represented by a double arrow P2.
In Figur 3 ist eine weitere Realisierungsmöglichkeit für den Mikrospiegel SP dargestellt. Ein Spiegelelement SPM ist der-
art an zwei Seiten beweglich mit einem Grundkörper aus Silizium verbunden, so dass dieses Element SPM zweidimensional ausgelenkt werden kann. Die Schwingungsfrequenzen sind beispielsweise die gleichen wie in Figur 2.A further implementation possibility for the micromirror SP is shown in FIG. A mirror element SPM is the Art movably connected on two sides with a base body made of silicon, so that this element SPM can be deflected two-dimensionally. The oscillation frequencies are, for example, the same as in FIG. 2.
In Figur 4 ist eine besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäß Scanning-Kamera SC dargestellt. Hierbei sind der Mikrospiegel SP und der Bildaufnahmesensor SE in einer Ebene angeordnet. Mikrospiegel SP und Bildaufnahmesensor SE können beispielsweise als mikromechanische Elemente auf einem integrierten Baustein, einem Chip CP, nebeneinander hergestellt sein.FIG. 4 shows a particularly preferred embodiment of the scanning camera SC according to the invention. Here, the micromirror SP and the image recording sensor SE are arranged in one plane. Micromirror SP and image recording sensor SE can be produced side by side, for example, as micromechanical elements on an integrated module, a chip CP.
Zur Umlenkung eines vom Mikrospiegel SP reflektierten Lichtstrahle LS auf den Sensor SE ist ein Umlenkspiegel US vorgesehen.A deflection mirror US is provided for deflecting a light beam LS reflected by the micromirror SP onto the sensor SE.
Der Chip CP kann in einer Ausnehmung eines Gehäuses GH angeordnet, und die Öffnung durch eine Glasplatte GP abgedeckt sein. Der durch die Glasplatte GP auf den Spiegel SP fallende Lichtstrahl LS wir dann über den Umlenkspiegel US auf den Sensor SE gelenkt. Der Umlenkspiegel ist hierbei vorzugsweise durch eine teilweise Verspiegelung der Glasplatte GP realisiert .
The chip CP can be arranged in a recess in a housing GH, and the opening can be covered by a glass plate GP. The light beam LS falling through the glass plate GP onto the mirror SP is then directed onto the sensor SE via the deflecting mirror US. The deflecting mirror is preferably implemented by partially reflecting the glass plate GP.
Claims
1. Scanning-Kamera (SC) mit einem zweidimensional beweglichen Mikrospiegel (SP) zur Abtastung eines Objektes (OB) und zur Abbildung auf einen punktförmigen opto-elektrischen Sensor (SE) , der zur Umsetzung eines im Zeitmultiplex abgetasteten Bildes in elektrische Bilddaten ausgebildet ist, wobei der Mikrospiegel (SP) und der opto-elektrische Sensor (SE) in einer Ebene angeordnet sind, und wobei ein Umlenkspiegel (US) im optischen Weg zwischen Mikrospiegel (SP) und opto-elektrischen Sensor (SE) angeordnet ist.1. Scanning camera (SC) with a two-dimensionally movable micromirror (SP) for scanning an object (OB) and for imaging on a punctiform opto-electrical sensor (SE), which is designed to convert an image scanned in time-division multiplexing into electrical image data , wherein the micromirror (SP) and the opto-electrical sensor (SE) are arranged in one plane, and wherein a deflecting mirror (US) is arranged in the optical path between the micromirror (SP) and the opto-electrical sensor (SE).
2. Scanning-Kamera (SC) nach Anspruch 1, bei der der Mikrospiegel (SP) und der opto-elektrische Sensor (SE) mit einer Glasplatte (GP) abgedeckt sind, wobei der Umlenkspiegel (US) durch eine zumindest teilweise Verspiegelung der Glasplatte (GP) realisiert ist.2. Scanning camera (SC) according to claim 1, in which the micromirror (SP) and the opto-electrical sensor (SE) are covered with a glass plate (GP), the deflecting mirror (US) being covered by an at least partial mirroring of the glass plate (GP) is realized.
3. Scanning-Kamera (SC) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei der der Mikrospiegel (SP) und der opto-elektrische Sensor (SE) auf einem einzigen Chip (CP) angeordnet sind. 3. Scanning camera (SC) according to claim 1 or 2, in which the micromirror (SP) and the opto-electrical sensor (SE) are arranged on a single chip (CP).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10141908 | 2001-08-28 | ||
DE10141908 | 2001-08-28 | ||
PCT/DE2002/002703 WO2003028363A1 (en) | 2001-08-28 | 2002-07-23 | Scanning camera |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1421779A1 true EP1421779A1 (en) | 2004-05-26 |
Family
ID=7696739
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02754414A Withdrawn EP1421779A1 (en) | 2001-08-28 | 2002-07-23 | Scanning camera |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040207744A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1421779A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4018631B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1287585C (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003028363A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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CN101455045B (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2013-02-06 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Method for scheduling user equipment in wireless communication network and a base station |
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KR101771477B1 (en) * | 2009-05-29 | 2017-08-25 | 디지털옵틱스 코퍼레이션 엠이엠에스 | Mechanical isolation for mems electrical contacts |
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US9798135B2 (en) | 2015-02-16 | 2017-10-24 | Apple Inc. | Hybrid MEMS scanning module |
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- 2002-07-23 EP EP02754414A patent/EP1421779A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-07-23 JP JP2003531730A patent/JP4018631B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-23 WO PCT/DE2002/002703 patent/WO2003028363A1/en active Application Filing
- 2002-07-23 CN CNB02816945XA patent/CN1287585C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-23 US US10/487,859 patent/US20040207744A1/en not_active Abandoned
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CN101455045B (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2013-02-06 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Method for scheduling user equipment in wireless communication network and a base station |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20040207744A1 (en) | 2004-10-21 |
JP2005504487A (en) | 2005-02-10 |
CN1287585C (en) | 2006-11-29 |
JP4018631B2 (en) | 2007-12-05 |
CN1550099A (en) | 2004-11-24 |
WO2003028363A1 (en) | 2003-04-03 |
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