EP1417731B1 - Slot antenna for artillery ammunition - Google Patents
Slot antenna for artillery ammunition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1417731B1 EP1417731B1 EP01982436A EP01982436A EP1417731B1 EP 1417731 B1 EP1417731 B1 EP 1417731B1 EP 01982436 A EP01982436 A EP 01982436A EP 01982436 A EP01982436 A EP 01982436A EP 1417731 B1 EP1417731 B1 EP 1417731B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- slot
- disk
- annular space
- disc
- Prior art date
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 229920006358 Fluon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006360 Hostaflon Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
- H01Q1/281—Nose antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
- H01Q1/286—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons substantially flush mounted with the skin of the craft
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
- H01Q13/12—Longitudinally slotted cylinder antennas; Equivalent structures
Definitions
- the invention relates to an antenna according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such an antenna is known for receiving satellite navigation information from US 6,098,547 A in the design of a transverse to the system axis salaried in the front of an artillery dielectric plate known which metallically coated on both sides and for inductive balancing of their resonant frequency with paraxial electrically conductive passages between the mutual Metallizations is equipped.
- the matching options given are quite limited and difficult to implement for the interests of the practice.
- this antenna structure neither in itself nor with regard to the apparatus integration possibilities, has the desirable mechanical stability against the acceleration forces which occur when a spin-stabilized ammunition is launched.
- a drop bomb is known, which is equipped in the center of its stern with a sandwich or patchy satellite antenna. During the fall movement into the target area maintains their spherical antenna characteristics Contact to navigation satellites above the horizon in order to increase the hit accuracy by end phase control.
- the present invention is the technical problem of providing a suitable in terms of their mechanical and electrical properties for simple, even subsequent application to rolling artillery ammunition high-frequency antenna for satellite communication including navigation and telemetry in the L and S band ,
- the slot antenna is re-integrated into the ammunition body-ogive with its unscrewable head fuse and so easily applicable later on the ammunition body.
- the axial position of the antenna depends on the frequency-dependent Druchmesser and is therefore for the reception of navigation satellites continue to base, for the higher-frequency telemetry communication, however, further moved to the tip of the igniter out.
- the outer opening of the slot is located radially directly behind a circumferential in the conical surface of the igniter slot.
- the antenna is again designed as a disk-shaped but now extremely fast-moving sandwich construction of metal turned parts with a concentric to the cone axis resonator annulus, which opens a cylindrical reflector wall opposite to the radially encircling radiator slot in the conical surface of the igniter.
- the annular space is divided transversely to the longitudinal axis in its center or plane of symmetry, in order to be able to insert an annular disk of electrically highly conductive material of increased dielectric constant, which is characterized by low dielectric losses and high tracking resistance independent of frequency and temperature, such as the fluorine-containing polymer PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), which is marketed under trade names such as Teflon, Fluon or Hostaflon.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- this annular disk can after the specification of the geometric dimensions of the annular space subsequently easily further electrical resonance fine tuning on e.g. make a certain satellite frequency.
- the radially extending circumferential circumferential antenna slot is dielectrically filled, namely by a flange on the outside of the annular disk circumferential, radially extending to the conical surface of the igniter collar.
- the invention provides a readily tunable, mechanically extremely durable slot antenna for the detonator of artillery ammunition by a sandwich structure in which an axially enclosed between an upper and a lower dimensionally profiled metallic cover plate, axially divided resonator annulus with a Dielectric annular disc is fitted, which faces with a circumferential collar of the central cylindrical reflector wall radially opposite by an axial slot between the two hollow cylindrical Outer walls of the annular space extends through to the outer surface of the likewise circumferentially slotted detonator shell.
- the inner edge of the antenna slot opening into the annular space is defined by a tire which can be inserted here into the front of the outer wall, at the connection points offset in the circumferential direction by the dielectric annular disc and the axially opposite cover disc are contacted to a circuit carrier disk, whereupon they are brought together by means of a matching network single-phase on an antenna line, the second phase is connected directly to the adjacent there deck disk.
- the head detonator 11 shown in FIG. 1 in view is intended to be screwed by means of a thread, not shown, in front of the conically tapering front of a spin-stabilized or aerodynamically stabilized artillery ammunition. It is configured with a slightly convex cone wall 12 all around radially penetrating antenna slot 13 which is filled with dielectric material, with the axially on both sides adjoining outer surface of the Wall 12 is flush. Before the radial plane of the slot 13, so located to the tip of the fuze front part 15, there are mechanical or electro-mechanically acting safety and tripping devices of the igniter 11 and optionally aerodynamically acting braking devices for trajectory reduction, as in their own prior application 199 57 363.8 from 29.11.99 described in more detail. Located behind the radial plane of the slot 13, ie towards the base of the detonator rear part 16, there are electrical circuits for antenna amplification and signal processing of the electromagnetic energy radiated or absorbed via the slot 13 in the maximum frequency spectrum.
- igniter front part 15 and igniter rear part 16 are connected together under coaxial intermediate position of the mechanically extremely high-strength antenna 17 by means of clamping screws 19 running parallel to the igniter longitudinal axis 18 and extending through the antenna 17.
- a flexible antenna line 20 with a coaxial cross section leads to the antenna amplifier located in the igniter rear part 16 (not shown in the drawing). This is in the case of a receiving antenna to a preamplifier in front of and in the case of a transmitting antenna to a power amplifier to the receiver or transmitter signal processing circuit, such as their power supply unit 22 (such as an activatable battery or a flow generator) in the area the base of the igniter rear part 16 is installed.
- their power supply unit 22 such as an activatable battery or a flow generator
- Fig. 3 shows that and how the disc-shaped antenna 17 is constructed of warp-resistant components sandwiched. It consists essentially of two mechanically stiff metal deck-discs, namely a fender front 15 out, plate-like flat pot-shaped rotationally symmetrical profiled metal top plate 23 and an oppositely oriented towards the igniter rear part 16 out, also plate-like flat cup-shaped - but in this example case Handling reasons for the connection of the antenna line two-piece - rotationally symmetrical profiled metal lower plate 24. Each of these two discs 23-24 has a central stiffening in the form of a pot-bottom 26 between the walls 24 and 31 coaxially outstanding base 25.
- a resonator annulus 28 approximately centrally divided transversely to the longitudinal axis 18 is defined by the axially spaced end edges of the walls 27-31 plate-shaped upper plate 23 with its base electrically conductive da flat axially rests on the front of the base 25 in the also plate-shaped lower plate 24.
- the axially spaced end edges of the walls 27-31 define as between each other, the cylindrical reflector wall of the base 25 radially opposite, the radially extending from the annular space 28 actual antenna slot 13 '.
- this annulus 28 is thus divided axially, it can be inserted into an annular disc 29 of dielectric material in it before placing the upper disc 23.
- This has an outside radially circumferential, flange-shaped protruding collar 30 of opposite the annular disc 29 significantly lower axial strength.
- the collar 30 extends radially with respect to the longitudinal axis 18 through the slot 13 'through which remains due to the axial height of the base 25 between the mutually facing end faces of the annular space 28 outside enclosing walls 27 and 31.
- the collar 30 preferably protrudes even radially through the slot 13 'into the slot 13 in the wall 12 between the fuse front part 15 and the igniter rear part 16, until it is flush with the immediately adjacent outer circumferential surfaces. This facilitates the assembly during the axial assembly of igniter front and rear part 15-16 via the antenna 17 and avoids vortex formations in the area of the flow dynamic particularly sensitive ogive of the ammunition body.
- the antenna 17 is covered with a dielectric disk 32.
- This serves as a wiring support for a linking network between four mutually orthogonal terminals to the inside, the annular space 28 toward the end of the antenna slot 13 '.
- four coaxial conductor pieces 33 are anchored parallel to the system longitudinal axis 18 on the disc 32 at the corners of an imaginary square.
- the inner conductors pass through the annular disc 29, finally to a narrow electrically conductive tire 35 to end.
- the outer conductors are conductively connected to the upper disk 23 and to the underside of the circuit carrier disk 32.
- the rear axially opposite, front inner slot edge is given by the inner end edge of the peripheral wall 31 of the top plate 23.
- Their electrical connection to the outer conductor of the antenna line 20 is effected in that the coaxial socket 36 for the antenna line 20, the annular disc 29 and the lower disc 24 to Zünderhinterteil 16 out under play axially parallel by means of screws 37 eccentrically on the inside of the bottom of the upper disc 23 is mounted.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Antenne gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to an antenna according to the preamble of claim 1.
Eine derartige Antenne ist zum Empfang von Satelliten-Navigationsinformationen aus der US 6,098,547 A in der Bauform einer quer zur Systemachse im vorderen Bereich eines Artilleriezünders gehalterten dielektrischen Scheibe bekannt, die beiderseits metallisch beschichtet und zum induktiven Abgleich ihrer Resonanzfrequenz mit achsparallelen elektrisch leitenden Durchstiegen zwischen den beiderseitigen Metallisierungen ausgestattet ist. Die dadurch gegebenen Abgleichmöglichkeiten sind aber recht beschränkt und für die Belange der Praxis schlecht ausführbar. Vor allem aber weist dieser Antennenaufbau weder in sich noch hinsichtlich der apparativen Integrationsmöglichkeiten die wünschenswerte mechanische Stabilität gegen die beim Abschuß einer drallstabilisierten Munition auftretenden Beschleunigungskräfte auf.Such an antenna is known for receiving satellite navigation information from US 6,098,547 A in the design of a transverse to the system axis salaried in the front of an artillery dielectric plate known which metallically coated on both sides and for inductive balancing of their resonant frequency with paraxial electrically conductive passages between the mutual Metallizations is equipped. However, the matching options given are quite limited and difficult to implement for the interests of the practice. Above all, however, this antenna structure, neither in itself nor with regard to the apparatus integration possibilities, has the desirable mechanical stability against the acceleration forces which occur when a spin-stabilized ammunition is launched.
Das gilt entsprechend für den aus der US 4,305,078 A bekannten axialen Stapel aus durch Metallisierungen voneinander getrennten dielektrischen Scheiben zum Ausbilden einer Mehrfrequenz-Schlitzantenne, die vom Innenleiter eines koaxialen Antennenkabels bis zum Anschluß an die oberste Metallisierung axial durchquert ist, mit Anschluß des Außenleiters an die gegenüberliegende Außenmetallisierung des Schichtenaufbaus.The same applies to the known from US 4,305,078 A axial stack of metallized by separate dielectric slices to form a multi-frequency slot antenna, which is traversed axially from the inner conductor of a coaxial antenna cable to the connection to the uppermost metallization, with connection of the outer conductor to the opposite outer metallization of the layer structure.
Aus der WO 99/02936 A2 ist eine Fallbombe bekannt, die im Zentrum ihres Hecks mit einer sandwich- oder patchartigen Satellitenantenne ausgestattet ist. Während der Fallbewegung ins Zielgebiet hält deren kugelförmige Antennencharakteristik Kontakt zu über dem Horizont stehenden Navigationssatelliten, um durch Endphasensteuerung die Treffergenauigkeit zu erhöhen.From WO 99/02936 A2 a drop bomb is known, which is equipped in the center of its stern with a sandwich or patchy satellite antenna. During the fall movement into the target area maintains their spherical antenna characteristics Contact to navigation satellites above the horizon in order to increase the hit accuracy by end phase control.
Eine solche Antennenkonfiguration ist für Artilleriemunition jedoch unzweckmä-ßig. Denn die von der Heckantenne her etwa symmetrisch zur Projektil-Längsachse nach rückwärts orientierte Antennen-Richtcharakteristik wäre während des größten Teils der Flugbewegung einer Artilleriemunition längs einer mehr oder weniger gestreckten ballistischen Bahn nur auf den Horizont gerichtet, anfangs sogar darunter und nach dem Apogäum nur geringfügig darüber. Dadurch wäre die Wahrscheinlichkeit gering, eine für rasche und präzise Bahnpunktbestimmung zur Bahnkorrektur hinreichende Anzahl von Navigationssatelliten gleichzeitig hinreichend störungsfrei erfassen zu können. Auch der Einbau einer solchen Patch-Antenne in die Spitze des Projektils wäre unbefriedigend, weil deren dann koaxial nach voraus orientierte Kugelcharakteristik nur in der allerersten Phase der Flugbahn deutlich über den Horizont gerichtet wäre, was aber notwendig ist, um zu mehreren Satelliten in günstiger Konstellation Kontakt aufzunehmen. Nach dem Apogäumsdurchgang ist die Spitze eines Munitionsartikels dann wieder zum Untergrund hin gerichtet, so daß nun allenfalls die sehr störbehafteten Bodenreflexe von Satellitensignalen aufgenommen werden könnten.However, such an antenna configuration is inappropriate for artillery ammunition. For the antenna directional characteristic oriented backwards from the rear antenna approximately symmetrically to the projectile longitudinal axis would be aimed only at the horizon during the major part of the flight movement of an artillery ammunition along a more or less stretched ballistic trajectory, at first even below and only slightly after the apogee about that. As a result, the likelihood would be low to be able to detect a sufficient number of navigation satellites at the same time for rapid and precise determination of the path point for the path correction sufficiently trouble-free. Also, the installation of such a patch antenna in the top of the projectile would be unsatisfactory, because then coaxially oriented in advance ball characteristic would be directed only in the very first phase of the trajectory clearly above the horizon, but this is necessary to several satellites in favorable constellation Get in touch with. After the Apogee passage, the tip of an ammunition article is then directed back to the ground, so that now at most the very noisy ground reflections of satellite signals could be recorded.
Darüber hinaus besteht speziell bei Artilleriemunition angesichts der in der Praxis nicht ideal achssymmetrisch kugelförmigen Antennencharakteristiken das Problem der Rotation zur Spinstabilisierung von ballistisch verbrachten oder auch nur zur Kompensation von Abgangsstörungen bei triebwerksbeschleunigten und aerodynamisch stabilisierten Projektilen. Denn die im Querschnitt nicht kreisförmige Antennencharakteristik hat zur Folge, daß die Signale rotationsabhängig moduliert werden, was die Auswertung der übermittelten Informationen stark beeinträchtigt und deshalb erheblichen signalverarbeitungstechnischen Mehraufwand bedingt.In addition, especially in artillery ammunition, given the not ideal axisymmetric spherical antenna characteristics in practice, the problem of rotation for spin stabilization of ballistically spent or even only to compensate for outflow disruptions in engine-accelerated and aerodynamically stabilized projectiles. Because the non-circular in cross-section antenna characteristic has the consequence that the signals are modulated rotationally dependent, which greatly affects the evaluation of the transmitted information and therefore requires considerable signal processing overhead.
Solche rotationsbedingten Probleme treten erst recht auf, wenn gemäß der DE 44 01 315 A1 eine ungelenkte Rakete zur GPS-gestützten Flugbahnkorrektur durch bedarfsweise raumrichtungsabhängig auszulösenden Querschub mit mehreren Triebwerken ausgestattet wird, die mit Spannbändern auf die Außenmantelfläche des Raketenkörpers geschnallt sind, wobei wenigstens eines dieser Triebwerke zusätzlich mit einer dort nicht näher beschriebenen GPS-Antenne ausgestattet ist. Eine störungsfreie Rundumcharakteristik ist von einer solchen asymmetrischen Spannband-Antennenkonfiguration nicht zu erwarten.Such rotation-related problems occur even more when, according to DE 44 01 315 A1, an unguided rocket for GPS-supported trajectory correction is equipped by required spatial direction dependent transverse thrust with multiple engines, which are strapped with straps on the outer surface of the rocket body, wherein at least one of these engines additionally equipped with a GPS antenna not described in detail there. A trouble-free all-round characteristic is not to be expected from such an asymmetric tensioning band antenna configuration.
Vergleichbare Probleme bestehen, wenn mittels der Antenne nicht Informationen von Satelliten (wie Positionsinformationen von Navigationssatelliten) aufgenommen und an Bord der Munition verarbeitet werden sollen, sondern wenn Informationen aus der Munition mittels Telemetriesendern an erdfeste oder orbitale Empfangs- oder Relaisstationen zu übermitteln sind.Comparable problems exist when satellite information (such as position information from navigation satellites) is not to be collected and processed on board ammunition by the antenna, but rather when information from the munition is to be transmitted via telemetry transmitters to ground or orbital receiving or relay stations.
In Erkenntnis der vorstehend geschilderten Gegebenheiten liegt vorliegender Erfindung die technische Problemstellung zugrunde, eine hinsichtlich ihrer mechanischen und elektrischen Eigenschaften zur einfachen, auch nachträglichen Applikation an rollende Artilleriemunition geeignete Höchstfrequenz-Antenne insbesondere für Satellitenkommunikation einschließlich Navigation und Telemetrie im L- und S-Band zu schaffen.In recognition of the circumstances described above, the present invention is the technical problem of providing a suitable in terms of their mechanical and electrical properties for simple, even subsequent application to rolling artillery ammunition high-frequency antenna for satellite communication including navigation and telemetry in the L and S band ,
Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß durch die im Hauptanspruch angegebene Kombination der wesentlichen Merkmale realisiert. Danach ist die Schlitzantenne wieder in die Munitionskörper-Ogive mit ihrem abschraubbaren Kopfzünder integriert und so problemlos auch erst nachträglich auf den Munitionskörper applizierbar. Die axiale Lage der Antenne richtet sich nach dem frequenzabhängigen Druchmesser und ist deshalb für den Empfang von Navigationssatelliten weiter zur Basis, für die höherfrequente Telemetriekommunikation dagegen weiter zur Spitze des Zünders hin verschoben. Die äußere Öffnung des Schlitzes liegt radial direkt hinter einem in der Kegelmantelfläche des Zünders umlaufenden Schlitz. Längs dessen erstreckt sich dann eine axialsymmetrisch ringwulstförmige Antennencharakteristik, so daß trotz der Rotation um die Längsachse der Munition stets ein Segment praktisch konstant bleibender Empfindlichkeit den Halbraum über dem Horizont erfaßt, ohne daß es dafür schaltungstechnisch aufwendiger und womöglich elektrisch störender Umschaltvorgänge wie im Falle der nachgeführten Antennencharakteristik gemäß EP 0 840 393 A2 bedarf.This object is achieved by the combination specified in the main claim of the essential features. Thereafter, the slot antenna is re-integrated into the ammunition body-ogive with its unscrewable head fuse and so easily applicable later on the ammunition body. The axial position of the antenna depends on the frequency-dependent Druchmesser and is therefore for the reception of navigation satellites continue to base, for the higher-frequency telemetry communication, however, further moved to the tip of the igniter out. The outer opening of the slot is located radially directly behind a circumferential in the conical surface of the igniter slot. Along this axis then extends an axially symmetrical ring-shaped antenna characteristic, so that despite the rotation about the longitudinal axis of the ammunition always a segment of practically constant sensitivity detects the half-space above the horizon, without it being technically complex and possibly electrically disturbing switching operations as in the case of tracked Antenna characteristic according to
Gestaltet ist die Antenne wieder als scheibenförmiger aber nun extrem beschleunigungsfester Sandwich-Aufbau aus Metalldrehteilen mit einem zur Kegelachse konzentrischen Resonator-Ringraum, der sich einer zylindrischen Reflektorwand gegenüber mit dem radial umlaufenden Strahler-Schlitz in die Kegelmantelfläche des Zünders öffnet. Der Ringraum ist in seiner Mitten- oder Symmetrieebene quer zur Längsachse geteilt, um hier eine Ringscheibe aus elektrisch möglichst schlecht leitendem Material erhöhter Dielektrizitätskonstante einlegen zu können, das sich durch niedrige dielektrische Verluste und hohe Kriechstromfestigkeit unabhängig von Frequenz und Temperatur auszeichnet, wie das fluorhaltige Polymerisat PTFE (Polytetrafluorethylen), das unter Handelsnamen wie Teflon, Fluon oder Hostaflon auf dem Markt ist. Mittels Materialwahl und Abmessung dieser Ringscheibe läßt sich nach der Vorgabe der geometrischen Abmessungen des Ringraumes nachträglich ohne weiteres noch eine elektrische Resonanzfeinabstimmung auf z.B. eine bestimmte Satellitenfrequenz vornehmen. Vorzugsweise ist außer dem eigentlichen Ringraum auch der davon radial ausgehend umlaufende Antennen-Schlitz dielektrisch aufgefüllt, nämlich durch einen außen an der Ringscheibe flanschartig umlaufenden, radial bis zur Kegelmantelfläche des Zünders sich erstreckenden Kragen.The antenna is again designed as a disk-shaped but now extremely fast-moving sandwich construction of metal turned parts with a concentric to the cone axis resonator annulus, which opens a cylindrical reflector wall opposite to the radially encircling radiator slot in the conical surface of the igniter. The annular space is divided transversely to the longitudinal axis in its center or plane of symmetry, in order to be able to insert an annular disk of electrically highly conductive material of increased dielectric constant, which is characterized by low dielectric losses and high tracking resistance independent of frequency and temperature, such as the fluorine-containing polymer PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), which is marketed under trade names such as Teflon, Fluon or Hostaflon. By selecting the material and dimension of this annular disk can after the specification of the geometric dimensions of the annular space subsequently easily further electrical resonance fine tuning on e.g. make a certain satellite frequency. Preferably, in addition to the actual annulus and the radially extending circumferential circumferential antenna slot is dielectrically filled, namely by a flange on the outside of the annular disk circumferential, radially extending to the conical surface of the igniter collar.
Die Verschaltung der Antenne erfolgt über ein zweiadriges, an wenigstens zwei axial voreinander gelegene Stellen der Innenränder des Schlitzes angeschlossenes Antennenkabel. Um eine orthogonale Dipolstruktur zu erzeugen, sind vier solche Anschlußstellen an den Ecken eines konzentrisch zur Zünderachse gedachten Quadrates ausgebildet und über ein Anpaßnetzwerk auf die genormte Impedanz einer 50-Ohm-Koaxialleitung zum rückwärtig im Zünder untergebrachten Antennenverstärker zusammengeführt.The interconnection of the antenna via a zweiadriges, at least two axially spaced locations of the inner edges of the slot connected antenna cable. To create an orthogonal dipole structure, four such pads are formed at the corners of a square concentric with the firing axis and are merged through a matching network to the standard impedance of a 50 ohm coaxial line to the antenna amplifier located in the back of the igniter.
Jedenfalls liefert die Erfindung eine problemlos abstimmbare, mechanisch extrem beanspruchbare Schlitz-Antenne für den Zünder von Artilleriemunition durch einen Sandwich-Aufbau, bei dem ein zwischen einer oberen und einer unteren formstabil profilierten metallischen Deck-Scheibe axial eingeschlossener, axial geteilter Resonator-Ringraum mit einer dielektrischen Ringscheibe bestückt ist, die sich mit einem umlaufenden Kragen der zentralen zylindrischen Reflektorwand radial gegenüber durch einen axialen Schlitz zwischen den beiden hohlzylindrischen Außenwänden des Ringraumes hindurch bis zur äußeren Oberfläche des ebenfalls umlaufend geschlitzten Zündermantels erstreckt. Bei einer der beiden Deck-Scheiben ist der innere Rand des in den Ringraum mündenden Antennen-Schlitzes durch einen hier in die Stirn der Außenwandung einlegbaren Reifen definiert, an dem in Umfangsrichtung gegeneinander versetzte Anschlußstellen durch die dielektrische Ringscheibe und die axial gegenüberliegende Deck-Scheibe hindurch zu einer Schaltungsträger-Scheibe kontaktiert sind, worauf sie mittels eines Anpassungsnetzwerkes einphasig auf eine Antennenleitung zusammengeführt sind, deren zweite Phase direkt an die dort benachbarte Deck-Scheibe angeschlossen ist.In any case, the invention provides a readily tunable, mechanically extremely durable slot antenna for the detonator of artillery ammunition by a sandwich structure in which an axially enclosed between an upper and a lower dimensionally profiled metallic cover plate, axially divided resonator annulus with a Dielectric annular disc is fitted, which faces with a circumferential collar of the central cylindrical reflector wall radially opposite by an axial slot between the two hollow cylindrical Outer walls of the annular space extends through to the outer surface of the likewise circumferentially slotted detonator shell. In one of the two deck discs, the inner edge of the antenna slot opening into the annular space is defined by a tire which can be inserted here into the front of the outer wall, at the connection points offset in the circumferential direction by the dielectric annular disc and the axially opposite cover disc are contacted to a circuit carrier disk, whereupon they are brought together by means of a matching network single-phase on an antenna line, the second phase is connected directly to the adjacent there deck disk.
Zusätzliche Weiterbildungen und weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den weiteren Ansprüchen und aus nachstehender Beschreibung eines in der Zeichnung unter Beschränkung auf das Wesentliche etwas abstrahiert aber angenähert maßstabsgerecht skizzierten bevorzugten Realisierungsbeispiels zur erfindungsgemäßen Lösung. In der Zeichnung zeigt:
- Fig. 1
- den auf eine Artilleriemunition applizierbaren Zünder mit seinem in diesem Beispiel zwischen halber axialer Höhe und der Basisebene des Zünders gelegenen, mit dielektrischem Material gefüllten Antennen-Schlitz in isometrischer Ansicht,
- Fig. 2
- nach Art einer Explosionsdarstellung die zwischen Spitze und Basis eines Zünders nach Fig.1 axial eingespannte Antenne und
- Fig. 3
- nach Art einer Explosionsdarstellung den mechanischen Sandwich-Aufbau der Antenne gemäß Fig.2.
- Fig. 1
- the detonator, which can be applied to an artillery ammunition, with its antenna slot, filled in this example between half the axial height and the base plane of the detonator, filled with dielectric material in isometric view,
- Fig. 2
- in the manner of an exploded view, between the tip and base of a detonator according to Fig.1 axially clamped antenna and
- Fig. 3
- in the manner of an exploded view, the mechanical sandwich structure of the antenna according to Fig.2.
Der in Fig. 1 in Ansicht gezeigte Kopf-Zünder 11 ist dafür bestimmt, mittels eines nicht dargestellten Gewindes vor die konisch sich verjüngende Front einer drallstabilisierten oder aerodynamisch stabilisierten Artilleriemunition geschraubt zu werden. Er ist mit einem seine leicht ballige Kegel-Wandung 12 ringsum radial durchdringenden Antennen-Schlitz 13 ausgestaltet, der mit dielektrischem Material gefüllt ist, das mit der axial beiderseits anschließenden Außenmantelfläche der Wandung 12 bündig abschließt. Vor der Radialebene des Schlitzes 13, also zur Spitze des Zündervorderteils 15 hin gelegen, befinden sich mechanische oder elektromechanisch wirkende Sicherungs- und Auslöseeinrichtungen des Zünders 11 sowie gegebenenfalls aerodynamisch wirkende Bremseinrichtungen zur Flugbahnverkürzung, wie in der eigenen älteren Anmeldung 199 57 363.8 vom 29.11.99 näher beschrieben. Hinter der Radialebene des Schlitzes 13, also zur Basis des Zünderhinterteils 16 hin gelegen, befinden sich elektrische Schaltungen zur Antennenverstärkung und Signalverarbeitung der über den Schlitz 13 im Höchstfrequenzspektrum abgestrahlten oder aufgenommenen elektromagnetischen Energie.The
Wie in Fig. 2 skizziert sind Zündervorderteil 15 und Zünderhinterteil 16 unter koaxialer Zwischenlage der mechanisch extrem hoch beanspruchbaren Antenne 17 mittels zur Zünder-Längsachse 18 parallel verlaufender, durch die Antenne 17 hindurch sich erstreckender Spannschrauben 19 miteinander verbunden. Eine flexible Antennenleitung 20 mit Koaxialquerschnitt führt zum im Zünderhinterteil 16 gelegenen Antennenverstärker (nicht zeichnerisch dargestellt). Bei diesem handelt es sich im Falle einer Empfangsantenne um einen Vorverstärker vor der und im Falle einer Sendeantenne um einen Leistungsverstärker nach der Empfänger- bzw. Sender-Signalverarbeitungsschaltung, die wie ihre Stromversorgungseinheit 22 (etwa in Form einer aktivierbaren Batterie oder eines Anströmungsgenerators) im Bereich der Basis des Zünderhinterteils 16 eingebaut ist.As sketched in FIG. 2, igniter
Aus der Detaildarstellung Fig. 3 ergibt sich, daß und wie die scheibenförmige Antenne 17 aus verwindungssteifen Komponenten sandwichartig aufgebaut ist. Sie besteht im wesentlichen aus zwei mechanisch steifen metallenen Deck-Scheiben, nämlich einer zum Zündervorderteil 15 hin gelegenen, tellerartig flach topfförmig rotationssymmetrisch profilierten metallenen Oberscheibe 23 und einer dazu gegensinnig orientiert zum Zünderhinterteil 16 hin gelegenen, ebenfalls tellerartig flach topfförmigen - aber in diesem Beispielsfalle aus Handhabungsgründen für den Anschluß der Antennenleitung zweiteiligen - rotationssymmetrisch profilierten metallenen Unterscheibe 24. Jede dieser beiden Scheiben 23-24 weist eine zentrale Versteifung in Form eines vom Topf-Boden 26 zwischen die Wandungen 24 bzw. 31 koaxial hervorragenden Sockels 25 auf. Dadurch ist radial zwischen diesen Sockeln 25 und den dazu distanziert umlaufenden, hohlzylindrischen Wandungen 27, 31 sowie axial zwischen den Böden 26 ein quer zur Längsachse 18 etwa mittig geteilter Resonator-Ringraum 28 definiert, indem bei axial voneinander beabstandeten Stirnkanten der Wandungen 27-31 die tellerförmige Oberscheibe 23 mit ihrem Sockel elektrisch leitend da flächig axial auf der Stirn des Sockels 25 in der ebenfalls tellerförmigen Unterscheibe 24 aufliegt. Die axial voneinander beabstandeten Stirnkanten der Wandungen 27-31 definieren als zwischen einander, der zylindrischen Reflektorwand der Sockel 25 radial gegenüber, den radial vom Ringraum 28 ausgehenden eigentlichen Antennen-Schlitz 13'.From the detailed illustration Fig. 3 shows that and how the disc-
Da dieser Ringraum 28 also axial geteilt ist, läßt sich in ihn vor dem Aufsetzen der Oberscheibe 23 eine Ringscheibe 29 aus dielektrischem Material einlegen. Die weist einen außen radial umlaufenden, flanschförmig vorstehenden Kragen 30 von gegenüber der Ringscheibe 29 deutlich geringerer axialer Stärke auf. Der Kragen 30 erstreckt sich radial bezüglich der Längsachse 18 durch den Schlitz 13' hindurch, der aufgrund der axialen Höhe der Sockels 25 zwischen den aufeinander zu weisenden Stirnflächen der den Ringraum 28 außen einfassenden Wandungen 27 und 31 verbleibt. Der Kragen 30 ragt vorzugsweise sogar noch radial durch den Schlitz 13' hindurch in den Schlitz 13 in der Wandung 12 zwischen Zündervorderteil 15 und Zünderhinterteil 16 hinein, bis zum bündigen Abschluß mit den unmittelbar benachbarten Außenmantelflächen. Das erleichtert die Montage beim axialen Zusammenfügen von Zündervorder- und -hinterteil 15-16 über die Antenne 17 und vermeidet hier Wirbelbildungen im Bereich der strömungsdynamisch besonders empfindlichen Ogive des Munitionskörpers.Since this
In der Radialebene vor der Oberscheibe 23, also zum Zündervorderteil 15 hin gelegen, ist die Antenne 17 mit einer dielektrischen Scheibe 32 belegt. Diese dient als Verdrahtungsträger für ein Verknüpfungsnetzwerk zwischen vier zueinander orthogonalen Anschlüssen an das innen, zum Ringraum 28 hin gelegene Ende des Antennen-Schlitzes 13'. Dazu sind auf der Scheibe 32 an den Ecken eines gedachten Quadrates vier Koaxialleiterstücke 33 parallel zur System-Längsachse 18 verankert. Die Innenleiter durchgreifen die Ringscheibe 29, um schließlich an einem schmalen elektrisch leitenden Reifen 35 zu enden. Die Außenleiter sind mit der Oberscheibe 23 und mit der Unterseite der Schaltungsträgerscheibe 32 leitfähig verbunden. Der ist Bestandteil der zweiteiligen Unterscheibe 23 und derart in eine Stirnausdrehung in dessen Wandung 31 einlegbar, daß er die rückwärtige innere Kante des zum Ringraum 28 sich öffnenden Schlitzes 13' definiert. Zunächst aber ist an diese Schlitz-Kante in Form des noch aus der Unterscheibe 24 entnommenen Reifens 35 der Innenleiter der koaxialen Antennenleitung 20 angeschlossen, nämlich über das auf der Schaltungsträger-Scheibe 33 ausgebildete Netzwerk zum Zusammenführen der vier jeweils um 90° gegeneinander versetzten Kontaktpunkte am umlaufenden Schlitz 13' und über die Leiterstifte mittels einer Steckverbindung in Form einer Koaxial-Steckbuchse 36. Danach wird die Unterscheibe 24 von rückwärts über diesen so schon durch die dielektrische Ringscheibe 29 hindurch an die Schaltungsträger-Scheibe 32 vor der Oberscheibe 23 elektrisch angeschlossenen Reifen 35 gestülpt.In the radial plane in front of the
Die der rückwärtigen axial gegenüberliegende, vordere innere Schlitzkante ist durch die innere Stirnkante der umlaufenden Wandung 31 der Oberscheibe 23 gegeben. Deren elektrischer Anschluß an den Außenleiter der Antennenleitung 20 erfolgt dadurch, daß die Koaxial-Steckbuchse 36 für die Antennenleitung 20, die Ringscheibe 29 und die Unterscheibe 24 zum Zünderhinterteil 16 hin unter Spiel achsparallel durchgreifend, mittels Verschraubungen 37 exzentrisch auf die Innenseite des Bodens der Oberscheibe 23 montiert ist.The rear axially opposite, front inner slot edge is given by the inner end edge of the
Dieser in Fig. 3 dargestellte, schon in sich mechanisch äußerst stabile Sandwich-Aufbau der Antenne 17 wird mittels Schrauben 38 koaxial zwischen Antennen-Unterscheibe 24 und -Oberscheibe 23 unter Zwischenlage des die hohlzylindrischen Wandungen 26, 31 radial durchgreifenden Kragens 30 axial miteinander verspannt und dadurch zusätzlich verwindungssteif. Auf wenigstens einem der Boden-Sockel 25 montierte Pfeiler 39, die durch die Ringscheibe 29 hindurch in die axial gegenüberliegende Scheibe 23 bzw. 24 eingreifen, dienen beim axialen zusammenführen als Montagehilfe und danach als Verdrehsicherung zwischen Oberscheibe 23 und Unterscheibe 24, also der Aufnahme drallbedingter Rotationskräfte zwischen diesen beiden Teilen des Hohlraumresonators der Schlitzantenne 17.This illustrated in Fig. 3, already in itself mechanically extremely stable sandwich structure of the
Claims (8)
- Disk-shaped slot antenna (17) arranged concentrically in an artillery detonator (11) transverse to the longitudinal axis (18),
characterized in that
it is designed as a divided resonator annular space (28) provided with a dielectric ring disc (29), that is fitted with a circuit-carrier disk (32) that has a network for leading several terminal points arranged along the inner edge of the antenna slot (13') to a core of an antenna lead (20). - Antenna according to Claim 1,
characterized in that
the inner edge of the slot (13') is formed by a tyre (35) that is inserted into the front face of the annular space (28). - Antenna according to the preceding claim,
characterized in that
the tyre (35) is, at opposite points on the periphery, electrically connected to the network on the circuit-carrier disk (32) by conductor pins (33) that pass, parallel to the axis, through the ring disk (29) and a cover disk (23 or 24) located behind said ring disk (29) of the annular space (28). - Antenna according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
an annular space cover disk (23 or 24) is fitted with a plug-in socket (36) for the connection of an antenna lead (20), with one pole of said plug-in socket (36) being connected to the cover disk (23 or 24) and the other pole to the network of the circuit-carrier disk (32). - Antenna according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the resonator annular space (28) opens into the antenna slot (13') radially opposite a central cylindrical reflector wall. - Antenna according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the ring disk (29) projects into the slot (13') by means of a flange-type radial circumferential collar (30). - Antenna according to the preceding claim,
characterized in that
the collar (30) terminates flush with the outer surface of the circumferential slotted wall (2) of the detonator (11). - Antenna according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the annular space (28) is formed between flat pot-shaped metal disks (23-24) with said disks (23-24) being axially supported flat against each other at an axial distance from their circumferential walls (27, 31) by central bosses (25) projecting from their bases (6).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10136469A DE10136469A1 (en) | 2000-08-03 | 2001-07-26 | Disk-shaped slot antenna for fitting concentrically in an artillery fuse askew to the longitudinal axis has a split resonating annulus with a dielectric ring wheel and an antenna slot opposite a centered cylindrical reflector wall. |
| DE10136469 | 2001-07-26 | ||
| PCT/EP2001/012010 WO2003010852A1 (en) | 2001-07-26 | 2001-10-17 | Slot antenna for artillery ammunition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1417731A1 EP1417731A1 (en) | 2004-05-12 |
| EP1417731B1 true EP1417731B1 (en) | 2007-04-04 |
Family
ID=7693201
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01982436A Expired - Lifetime EP1417731B1 (en) | 2001-07-26 | 2001-10-17 | Slot antenna for artillery ammunition |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6919846B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1417731B1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100709306B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE358898T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE50112302D1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003010852A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200400518B (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10227251B4 (en) * | 2002-06-19 | 2004-05-27 | Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg | Combination antenna for artillery ammunition |
| US7296520B1 (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2007-11-20 | United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary | External telemetry unit |
| US7642975B2 (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2010-01-05 | Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation | Frame assembly for electrical bond |
| US8076621B2 (en) * | 2008-09-06 | 2011-12-13 | Omnitek Partners Llc | Integrated reference source and target designator system for high-precision guidance of guided munitions |
| US8063837B1 (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2011-11-22 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | System for providing a pressure vessel, radome, RF sub-system box and electrically small, wideband omni and/or adaptable beam antenna |
| KR101208759B1 (en) | 2011-09-21 | 2012-12-05 | 이용희 | Antenna for detecting semiconductor device and detector therewith |
| KR101303767B1 (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2013-09-04 | 국방과학연구소 | Gps antenna device for artillery projectiles |
| US20150304020A1 (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2015-10-22 | Mohammed Rebec | Self-contained multimedia integrated two-way satellite communication system |
| US9692136B2 (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2017-06-27 | Te Connectivity Corporation | Monocone antenna |
| KR101457004B1 (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-11-04 | 국방과학연구소 | Antennas for the Fuze of Projectiles |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4305078A (en) | 1979-10-15 | 1981-12-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Multifrequency series-fed edge slot antenna |
| US6098547A (en) | 1998-06-01 | 2000-08-08 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Artillery fuse circumferential slot antenna for positioning and telemetry |
| US6307514B1 (en) * | 2000-05-01 | 2001-10-23 | Rockwell Collins | Method and system for guiding an artillery shell |
| DE10136469A1 (en) * | 2000-08-03 | 2002-05-08 | Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh | Disk-shaped slot antenna for fitting concentrically in an artillery fuse askew to the longitudinal axis has a split resonating annulus with a dielectric ring wheel and an antenna slot opposite a centered cylindrical reflector wall. |
-
2001
- 2001-10-17 KR KR1020047001167A patent/KR100709306B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-10-17 WO PCT/EP2001/012010 patent/WO2003010852A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-10-17 EP EP01982436A patent/EP1417731B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-17 US US10/485,083 patent/US6919846B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-17 DE DE50112302T patent/DE50112302D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-17 AT AT01982436T patent/ATE358898T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2004
- 2004-02-23 ZA ZA200400518A patent/ZA200400518B/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE358898T1 (en) | 2007-04-15 |
| EP1417731A1 (en) | 2004-05-12 |
| KR20040015372A (en) | 2004-02-18 |
| ZA200400518B (en) | 2004-10-19 |
| WO2003010852A1 (en) | 2003-02-06 |
| US20040196199A1 (en) | 2004-10-07 |
| DE50112302D1 (en) | 2007-05-16 |
| KR100709306B1 (en) | 2007-04-20 |
| US6919846B2 (en) | 2005-07-19 |
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