EP1412713A1 - Ultraviolet detection sensor - Google Patents

Ultraviolet detection sensor

Info

Publication number
EP1412713A1
EP1412713A1 EP02744035A EP02744035A EP1412713A1 EP 1412713 A1 EP1412713 A1 EP 1412713A1 EP 02744035 A EP02744035 A EP 02744035A EP 02744035 A EP02744035 A EP 02744035A EP 1412713 A1 EP1412713 A1 EP 1412713A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
optical detector
detector arrangement
radiation
protective agent
sensors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02744035A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jan Wipenmyr
Peter BJÖRKHOLM
Manoo Eibpoosh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imego AB
Original Assignee
Imego AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SE0102226A external-priority patent/SE523729C2/en
Priority claimed from SE0200082A external-priority patent/SE521065C2/en
Application filed by Imego AB filed Critical Imego AB
Publication of EP1412713A1 publication Critical patent/EP1412713A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
    • G01J1/429—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors applied to measurement of ultraviolet light

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical detector arrangement for detecting and registering incident ultraviolet radiation, comprising a sensor and means for generating a detection signal.
  • the arrangement comprises a covering applicable with'a protective agent.
  • the sensor is arranged to indicate changes of ultraviolet radiation passing through said protective agent on said covering.
  • the invention also relates to a method of using such a sensor.
  • the ultraviolet radiation is generally classified into three different wavelength areas: ultraviolet radiation type A (UVA), ultraviolet radiation type B (UVB) and ultraviolet radiation type C (UVC).
  • UVA and especially the UVB radiations are harmful for the skin, while the UVC radiation hardly reaches the surface of the earth at all.
  • the UVA radiation is relatively constant over the entire surface of the earth, while the UVB radiation varies considerably depending on the time of the day, the position on the earth and the thickness of the ozone layer.
  • the ultraviolet radiation of solariums is mainly of UVA-type.
  • the UVA radiation comprises wavelengths in the region of 400-320 nm.
  • the UVB-radiation substantially comprises wavelengths in the region of 320-280 nm.
  • the UVC-radiation comprises wavelengths in the region of 280-200 nm.
  • the SPF degenerates in course of time.
  • the protection against the UVA- radiation strongly decreases in course of time for the sun protection creams available on the market.
  • the absorbent effect of SPF reduces considerably.
  • the absorption spectra of the SPF are then transferred to the UVC-region, where the SPF is not functional anymore.
  • US 5,986,273 shows an ultraviolet radiation sensor comprising a thin transparent semi- permeable membrane and an indicator means.
  • the membrane is adhesive and may be worn on the skin to indicate the exposure of ultraviolet radiation and comprises ink- changing colour gradually.
  • the ultraviolet radiator sensor shows the user, such as a sunbather, when the exposure to sunlight should be terminated and/or when additional sunscreen should be applied. Further, said sensor may also be provided with a means to receive and absorb a sun screen preparation such that the user knows when to re-apply additional sun screen. Consequently, the sensor exhibits the absorbent characteristics of the sunscreen preparations on human skin by means of emulating the manner in which the sunscreen is absorbed by the human skin.
  • the sun screen preparation will slowly become less and less effective in preventing the transmission of ultraviolet light through the membrane to the indicator means of said sensor. Finally, the membrane then gradually will change the colour to indicate that more sunscreen should be applied.
  • said ultraviolet radiation sensor is only pre-set to different levels of radiation.
  • US 4,985,632 shows an electronic watch comprising a photo diode for detecting skin damaging UVB ultraviolet tanning radiation. Some of the members of the watch interact so that the intensity of the UVB radiation, instantaneously incidents on the detector, gives an instantaneous value of the UVB radiation, i.e. not the UVA and the UVC radiation. Moreover, the watch also present the maximum time a user can be safely exposed to the UVB radiation, which is however initially calculated, preferably by a computer. The effect of the sun screening agents is not considered.
  • US 5,008, 548 shows a miniaturized portable battery operated with a combined power and energy radiometer, which provides a means to determine the direction of the maximum radiant UV power and also the measurement of the total energy over time, i.e. the dosage.
  • the miniaturized portable battery comprises an alarm upon the attainment of a predetermined dosage level, which is set by the user. The effect of the sun screening agents is not considered.
  • US 5,365,068 shows a portable device for calculating the optimal safe SPF lotion to be applied by the user under local ambient conditions.
  • the user inputs the skin type and the amount of time the user wish to spend in the sun.
  • the device includes a photovoltaic (PV) cell for self-power having a battery back up.
  • PV photovoltaic
  • EP 0392 442 discloses an ultraviolet ray measuring apparatus which comprises first and second photodiodes having substantially the same spectral sensitivity at least in an ultraviolet band, and a first optical filter arranged in front of a light-receiving face of the second photodiode, for shielding only light of at least a part of the ultraviolet band, and measures the light intensity and its accumulated value in accordance with the difference between electric signals output from the first and second photodiodes.
  • a second optical filter which has a main transmitting band in the ultraviolet band and a sub-transmitting band in the visible light range, is arranged in front of the light-receiving faces of the first and second photodiode.
  • a multi-step bar graph display device displays indexes, such as an MED multiple value and an SPF value, which represent the measured light intensity and accumulated value in association with a reference MED value, so that this apparatus can suitably serve as a sunburn monitor.
  • the momentary SPF of an agent can be measured while measuring the ultra-violet ray.
  • a glass portion can be assembled on the photodiode and applied with the agent.
  • the glass portion is removed when the SPF measuring is performed.
  • the changes over time in the agent characteristics are not considered.
  • the technique according to this invention differs completely from the present invention.
  • the photodiode of this invention measures in the entire ultraviolet spectrum and uses blocking filters for band passing special regions while the present invention senses only specific UV region and uses optical filters for different bands, i.e. UVA, UVB and UVC.
  • a disposable dosimeter for sun radiation comprising polymeric matrix, with distributed therein at least one active chemical compound capable to change its original color to a new color due to a reversible photo-chemical reaction induced upon exposing the dosimeter to UV radiation.
  • the transparency of the matrix is sufficient to enable easy visual detection of the change of the original color to the new color.
  • the matrix is provided with porous structure suitable for absorbing thereinto of a sunscreen lotion when it is applied to the dosimeter.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide an optical detector arrangement for detecting and registering incident ultraviolet radiation, which overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art mentioned above, which substantially instantaneously and continuously displays the total accumulated amount of ultraviolet radiation, the degeneration of the protective agent and finally the SPF of the protective agent.
  • the optical detector arrangement may be arranged with an alarm unit, which alarms at a predetermined value of sun radiation.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an optical detector arrangement for detecting and registering incident ultraviolet radiation, which allows detection of the quality of protective agents.
  • optical detector arrangement comprising a covering, covering said sensors and applicable with a protective agent, and that said sensors, when activated, are arranged to continuously measure and indicate changes of ultraviolet radiation passing through said applied protective agent on said covering.
  • the optical detector arrangement comprises active elements and preferably optical filters arranged in connection to said active elements, due to that the optical filters controls the wavelength-region of the incident ultraviolet radiation.
  • the covering applicable with a protective agent is arranged between the incident ultraviolet radiation and the active elements comprising optical filters.
  • Said covering shows characteristics similar to human skin in absorbency, transparency, and thickness. The purpose is to simulate the human skin of a sunbather at applying a sun protective agent at sun bathing.
  • the means and active elements comprise optical filters, which give the amount of the totals dose of ultraviolet radiation, the degeneration of the protective agent and the efficiency of the protective agent. Consequently, for that purpose, the optical filters are provided for UVA, UVB, UVC radiation and radiation of yellow light (approx. 550 nm), respectively.
  • Said means preferably comprises amplifiers, ADC, an integrator and calculating units, an oscillator, a voltage supply, an alarm unit and a memory unit including data representing some different skin types, driving elements and display units.
  • the protective agent is a sun protective means such as a sun cream, sun screening inhibitor, or the like, i.e. sunscreens existing on the market.
  • the incident ultraviolet radiation is radiation from the sun constituting UVA, UVB and UVC radiation.
  • the detector is adjustable for different skin types.
  • the UV detection sensor is waterproof. The UV detection sensor is powered by solar cells. Consequently, the UV detection sensor is recharged, in the sun.
  • the arrangement comprises at least two detector sensors, a first sensor and a second sensor, and a reference sensor, each connected to an electrical circuitry for generating a detection signal, said first sensor being arranged to detect radiation through the protective agent, and that said electrical circuitry is arranged to compare signals from said first and second sensors and output an signal corresponding to said characteristics of said protective agent.
  • the characteristics include at least one of efficiency or degeneration of said protective agent.
  • the covering comprises members, consisting of areas in said covering, which are transparent for ultraviolet radiation passing through them. The members are arranged to exhibit characteristics similar to human skin in absorbency, transparency, thickness, etc. The characteristics are optionally provided as a value of the accumulated total dose and/or as a real-time value.
  • the sensors are provided with optical filters so that the incident UV radiation passing through the members initially hits the optical filters and subsequently hits the sensors.
  • the optical filters are arranged for at least one of UVA and UVB radiation.
  • a reference diode is blocked to the incident UV radiation. It is also possible to arrange data representing different skin types.
  • the invention also relates to a method of detecting and registering incident ultraviolet (UV) radiation and characteristics of a protective agent applied on a detector arrangement, the method comprises providing said arrangement with at least two sensors, a first sensor and a second sensor, and a reference sensor, arranging said first sensor to detect radiation through the protective agent, comparing signals from said first and second sensors and output an signal corresponding to said characteristics of said protective agent.
  • UV incident ultraviolet
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a UV detection sensor comprising active elements according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a wiring diagram of the sensor according to Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic cross sectional view of a UV detection sensor comprising active elements according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 4 shows a wiring diagram of the sensor according to Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a UV detector according to another aspect of the invention.
  • Fig. 7 shows a wiring diagram of the sensor according to Fig. 6.
  • an optical detector arrangement 10 comprises two active elements 11, 12, which are arranged on a carrier 13.
  • the active element 11 is arranged with an optical filter 14, such that the incident ultraviolet radiation passes through the optical filter 14 and thereafter reaches the active element 11.
  • the optical filter 14 is intended for UVB radiation and therefore comprises a band pass filter for UVB ultraviolet radiation cantered around approx. 300 nm having a full width at half maximum, i.e. half width of approx. 30 nm.
  • the element 12 is a reference diode and is also arranged on the carrier 13.
  • the UV detection sensor 10 comprises a covering 15, which is applicable with a protective agent, such as a sun protective agent, sun checking inhibitor or sunscreen.
  • the covering 15 is arranged covering the active elements 11, 12 and the optical filter 14, preferably between the incident ultraviolet radiation and the optical filter 14 and the reference diode 12, respectively, such that the incident ultraviolet radiation passes through the covering 15 and thereafter hits the optical filter 14 as well as the reference diode 12.
  • the covering 15 should show substantially the same characteristics as a human skin, for instance as to absorption and transparency of ultraviolet radiation, thickness, etc.
  • Fig. 2 The wiring diagram for an electrical arrangement of the UV detection sensor according to Fig. 1 is illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • the active element 11 and the reference diode 12 are initially connected to signal amplifiers 41 and 42, respectively.
  • the active element 11 and the reference diode 12 are directly connected to an operation amplifier 43, which in turn is further connected to an integrator 44.
  • the insignal units connected to the integrator 44 are preferably a driver element 46 and a resetting unit 47.
  • An oscillator 45 is in turn connected to the driver element 46.
  • the integrator 44 is connected to a calculating unit 48, which is connected to a driver element 52, which in turn is connected to a display unit 53. Moreover, a memory unit 50 is connected to the first calculating unit 48. Additionally, an input unit 51 is connected to the memory unit 50.
  • the UV detection sensor may comprise an active element having an optical filter for measuring UVA radiation.
  • a second calculating unit 49 is in the same way connected to a second driver element 54, which in turn is connected to a second display unit 55.
  • the UV detection sensor only measures UVB radiation, and consequently, the components in the dashed marked areas in Fig. 2 are excluded.
  • the UV detection sensor 10 is adjustable for different skin types in one embodiment of the invention, i.e. the sensor 10 comprises the memory unit 50 and stored in it a data representing different skin types (mJ/cm 2 ), and also the input unit 51 for choosing the required individual skin type with regard to the maximum ultraviolet radiation dose (mJ/cm 2 ).
  • different UV detector sensor units 10 for different skin types with regard to the ultraviolet radiation dose (mJ/cm 2 ) can be arranged.
  • the UV detection sensor 10 can be arranged with an alarm unit alarming when the maximum dose of ultraviolet radiation due to the degeneration of the protective agent is obtained (not shown in the figures).
  • the UV detection sensor 10 operates in the following way. Initially, the UV detection sensor 10 is set for the desired skin type, as mentioned above. Subsequently, the UV detection sensor 10 is reset. The user, such as a sunbather, applies his or her body and the covering 15 of the UV detection sensor 10 with the protective agent.
  • the display of the sensor 10 instantaneously and continuously indicates the total accumulated dose of UVB radiation relatively or compared to the maximum permitted dose of ultraviolet radiation with respect to the determined skin type.
  • the total accumulated dose of the UVB radiation also indicates when the protective agent degenerates, by means of the calculating unit 49, due to the fact that the incident UVB radiation on the active element 11 decreases as the absorption spectra moves to the UVC radiation region. Consequently, if an alarm unit is provided, it alarms when the maximum dose (mJ/cm 2 ) of the UVB radiation for the skin type is closed to a harmful value or it is obtained.
  • the UV detection sensor 20 preferably comprises five active elements 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25, which are arranged on a carrier 26, see Fig. 3.
  • the active elements 21, 22, 23, and 24 are arranged with optical filters 31, 32, 33 and 34 in connection with the elements and the carrier 26, as in the first embodiment.
  • the element 21 is arranged with an optical filter 31, which comprises a band pass filter for UVA radiation cantered around 360 nm having a half width of approx. 60 nm.
  • the element 22 is arranged with an optical filter 32 comprises a band pass filter for UVB radiation cantered around 300 nm having a half width of approx. 30 nm.
  • the element 23 is arranged with an optical filter 33, which comprises a band pass filter for short wave for UVC radiation having a "cut-off" at approx. 280 nm.
  • the element 24 comprises a band pass filter cantered around 550 nm having the half width approx 20 nm, i.e. for yellow light.
  • the element 25 is a reference photodiode.
  • the UV detection sensor 20 comprises a covering 27, which is arranged on the optical filters 31, 32, 33, 34 and the reference diode 25 in accordance with the first preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the wiring diagram for the UV detection sensor according to Fig. 3 is illustrated in Fig. 4.
  • the reference diode 25 and the active elements 21, 22, 23 and 24 are initially connected to signal amplifiers 61, 62, 63, 64 and 65, respectively.
  • the active elements 21, 22, 23 and 24 are connected to corresponding operation amplifiers 66, 67, 68 and 69.
  • the operation amplifiers 66, 67, 68 and 69 are in turn connected to an ADC 70, which is connected to an integrator 71 and two calculating units 76 and 77.
  • An oscillator 72 is connected to the integrator 71 through a driver circuit 73. Also, a resetting unit 74 is arranged to the integrator 71. The outputs of the ADC are connected to two calculating units 76 and 77.
  • the integrator output 71 is connected to a calculating unit 75.
  • the output of the first calculating unit 75 is connected to a first driver element 81, which in turn is connected to a display unit 82.
  • a memory unit 78 is connected to the first calculating unit 75.
  • an input unit 79 is connected to the memory unit 78.
  • the second and the third calculating units 76 and 77 are connected to driver elements 83 and 85, which thereafter are connected to display units 84 and 86, respectively.
  • the memory unit stores data representing some different skin types, and an alarm unit (not shown in the figure), as in the first embodiment of the invention.
  • the UV detection sensor 20 of the invention is operated in same way as the first embodiment of the invention.
  • the display of the UV detection sensor 20, in Fig. 3 represented as separate display units 82, 84 and 86, is for instance shaped as a bar graph showing all the results in the following way.
  • the display unit 82 of the sensor 20 substantially instantaneously and continuously indicates the total dose of the UVB radiation by means of the integrator 44 and the calculating unit 75, since the measured UVB radiation of the active element 22 is an instantaneous measurement of the accumulated dose of the total UVB radiation.
  • the total dose of UVB-radiation is presented compared to the total dose for the actual skin type chosen.
  • the display unit 84 of said sensor 20 substantially instantaneously and continuously indicates the ratio between the element 21 (UVA) and the element 23 (UVC) by means of the measured unit 76, which ratio is the degeneration of the sun protective agent as a results of the SPF degeneration in course of time, whereby the absorption spectra moves to the UVC-region. As the ratio decreases to a certain predetermined level, it is preferred to apply more SPF.
  • the display unit 86 of the sensor 20 substantially instantaneously and continuously indicates the ratio between element 22 (UVB) and element 24 (yellow light) as a result from the calculating unit 77, which ratio is a measurement of the sun protection factor.
  • An alarm signal can be generated when the maximum dose of UVB radiation for chosen skin type is obtained.
  • the alarm unit alarms when a predetermined value of degeneration of SPF is obtained.
  • the optical detector arrangement in the first and the second preferred embodiment can be arranged as a part of a membrane, a watch, a button, a sticker etc, which can be worn by an individual, such as a sun bather.
  • the active elements 11, 12, 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25 are UV indicating means such as photodetectors or photodiodes operating in the ultraviolet radiation region.
  • the filters 14, 31, 32, 33 and 34 are preferably optical filters, which substantially only transmit specified wavelengths.
  • the UV detection sensors 10 and 20 are preferably waterproof, so that they can be used when swimming, which also can degenerate the sun protection agent.
  • an optical detector arrangement 100 comprises five active elements 111, 112, 113, 114 and 122, which are arranged on a carrier 115 placed under a covering 123.
  • Active elements 111 and 113 are arranged with optical filters 116 and 118.
  • the optical filters 16 and 18 are intended for UVB radiation and therefore comprise a bandpass filter for UVB radiation centered around approx. 300 nm having a full width at half maximum of approx. 30 nm.
  • Active elements 112 and 114 are arranged with optical filters 117 and 119, such that the incident ultraviolet radiation passes through the optical filters 117, 119, and hits the active elements 112 and 114.
  • the optical filters 117 and 119 are intended for UVA radiation and therefore comprise a bandpass filter for UVA radiation centered around approx. 360 nm having a full width at half maximum of approx. 80 nm.
  • the element 22 is a reference diode and is also arranged on the carrier 15.
  • the UV detection sensor arrangement 110 comprises members 120 and 121, which are applicable with a protective agent.
  • the members 120, 121 are transparent for UV radiation, and consequently serve as a window for the UV radiation.
  • the windows 120 and 121 are arranged in connection with the active elements 111 and 112 respectively 113 and 114, between the incident ultraviolet radiation and the optical filters 116, 117, 118 and 119, such that the incident ultraviolet radiation passes through the windows 120 and 121 and thereafter hits the optical filters 116, 117, 118 and 119 but not the reference diode 122.
  • the windows 120 and 121 shows substantially the same characteristics as human skin, for instance in absorption and transparency of ultraviolet radiation, thickness of the windows 120 and 121, etc.
  • the wiring diagram for an electrical arrangement of an UV detection sensor according to Fig. 6 is illustrated in Fig. 7.
  • the active elements 111, 112, 113 and 114 as well as the reference diode 122 are initially connected to signal amplifiers 161, 162, 163, 164 and 165 respectively.
  • the active elements 111, 112, 113 and 14 and the reference diode 122 are connected to operation amplifiers 166, 167, 168 and 169.
  • the operational amplifiers 166, 167, 168 and 169 are in turn connected to an ADC 170, which in turn is connected to an integrator 171 and a calculating unit 176.
  • the signal units connected to the integrator 171 are preferably a driver element 173 and a resetting init 174.
  • An oscillator is in turn connected to the driver element 173.
  • the integrator 171 is connected to a calculating unit 175.
  • the calculating unit 175 is connected to a driver element 181, which in turn is connected to a display unit 182.
  • a memory unit 178 is connected to the first calculating unit 175.
  • an input unit 179 is connected to the memory unit 178.
  • the ADC 170 is connected to a second calculating unit 176, which is in the same way as the first calculating unit 175 is connected to a second driver element 183, which in turn in connected to a display unit 184.
  • the calculating units 175 and 176 are also connected to a memory unit 177.
  • the UV detection sensor 110 is adjustable for different skin types in one embodiment of the invention, i.e. the sensor 110 comprises the data unit 178 including data representing some different skin types (mJ/cm 2 ), and also the input unit 179 for choosing the required individual skin type with regard to the maximum ultraviolet radiation dose (mJ/cm 2 ). In one alternative embodiment there can be arranged different UV detector sensor units 110 for different skin types with regard to the ultraviolet radiation dose (mJ/cm 2 ).
  • the UV detection sensor 110 can be arranged with an alarm unit alarming when the maximum dose of ultraviolet radiation is obtained (not shown in the figures).
  • the UV detection sensor 110 can also be arranged with a RF unit 185 for wireless communication of stored data with an external computer/display unit (not shown in the figures).
  • the UV detection sensor 110 operates in the following way. Initially, the UV detection sensor 110 is set for the desired skin type, if necessary. Subsequently, the UV detection sensor 110 is reset. The user, such as a sunbather, applies his or her body and one of the windows 120 of the UV detection sensor 110 with the protective agent.
  • the display unit 182 of the sensor 110 substantially instantaneously and continuously indicates the total accumulated dose of the UVA and UVB radiation by means of the integrator 171 and the calculating unit 175, since the measured UVA and UVB radiation of the active elements 111 and 112 is an instantaneous measurement of the accumulated dose of the total UVA and UVB radiation.
  • the total dose of UVA and UVB- radiation is presented compared to the total dose for the actual skin type chosen. However, it is also possible to show the UVA and UVB radiation as a measurement in realtime, i.e. it is possible to display how the incoming UV radiation varies in time.
  • the display unit 184 of the sensor 110 substantially instantaneously and continuously indicates the relation between the element 111 (UVB) and element 113
  • UVB respectively element 112 (UVA) and element 114 (UVA) by means of the calculating unit 176, which relationship is a measurement of the sun protection factor.
  • the window 120 applied with a protective agent is compared to the window 121 not applied with the protective agent.
  • the degeneration of the protective agent can also be obtained in this way, as a total value or in real-time.
  • An alarm signal can be generated when the maximum dose of UVA and UVB radiation for chosen skin type is obtained.
  • the alarm unit alarms when a predetermined value of degeneration of SPF is obtained.
  • the active elements 111, 112, 113, 114 and 122 are UV indicating means such as photo detectors or photo diodes operating in the ultraviolet radiation region.
  • the filters 116, 117, 118, and 119 are preferably optical filters, which substantially only transmit specified wavelengths.
  • the wiring diagrams are not limited to the illustrated examples.
  • the type and connection of components can be varied in many ways, within the knowledge of a skilled person, as long as the function of the circuits are within the readings of the invention.
  • the optical detectors arrangement in the preferred embodiment can be arranged as a part of a membrane, a watch, a button, a sticker etc, which can be worn by an individual, such as a sunbather.
  • the arrangement can also be integrated in the clothing, e.g. bath suite, or even a sunshade. It is for example possible to arrange or distribute photodiodes for example in strapless or other suitable places on the bathing clothes.
  • the photodiodes and the electrical circuitry are integrated.
  • the photodiodes can for example be provided in the bathing clothes when they are manufactured.
  • the photodiodes can be arranged with contacts in a suitable place on the cloth and the electronic part (provided separately) can be connected to the photodiodes later. This allows for obtaining different electronic part for example for different skin types.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments shown but can be varied in a number of different ways, for instance by combination of two or more of the embodiments shown, without depart from the scope of the appended claims, and the arrangement and the method can be implemented in a number of ways depending on application, functional units, needs and requirements and so on.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an optical detector arrangement (10, 20, 100) for detecting and registering incident ultraviolet radiation, comprising sensors (11, 12, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 111, 112, 121, 122, 124, 1125) and means for generating a detection signal. The arrangement comprises a covering (15, 27, 115, 127), covering said sensors and applicable with a protective agent. The sensors, when activated, are arrranged to continuously measure and indicate changes of ultraviolet radiation passing through said applied protective agent on said covering.

Description

Title
ULTRAVIOLET DETECTION SENSOR
TECHNICAL AREA
The present invention relates to an optical detector arrangement for detecting and registering incident ultraviolet radiation, comprising a sensor and means for generating a detection signal. The arrangement comprises a covering applicable with'a protective agent. The sensor is arranged to indicate changes of ultraviolet radiation passing through said protective agent on said covering. The invention also relates to a method of using such a sensor.
DESCRIPTION OF STATE OF THE ART Sunburn or a tan can be considered attractive at the same time that the exposure to too much sun light (ultraviolet radiation) may cause skin cancer, such as malignant melanoma, and also early skin aging.
The ultraviolet radiation is generally classified into three different wavelength areas: ultraviolet radiation type A (UVA), ultraviolet radiation type B (UVB) and ultraviolet radiation type C (UVC). The UVA and especially the UVB radiations are harmful for the skin, while the UVC radiation hardly reaches the surface of the earth at all. The UVA radiation is relatively constant over the entire surface of the earth, while the UVB radiation varies considerably depending on the time of the day, the position on the earth and the thickness of the ozone layer. Besides, the ultraviolet radiation of solariums is mainly of UVA-type. The UVA radiation comprises wavelengths in the region of 400-320 nm. The UVB-radiation substantially comprises wavelengths in the region of 320-280 nm. Finally, the UVC-radiation comprises wavelengths in the region of 280-200 nm.
Nevertheless, it is possible to protect oneself against ultraviolet radiation with sun control inhibitors or sun cream comprising a Sun Protection Factor (SPF). Unfortunately, the SPF system is only valid for the UVB radiation, i.e. there is no method of measuring the UVA radiation, but the sun-cream does actually protect against both the UVA and UVB radiation. Moreover, the SPF, according to most investigations, is only calculated for an applied amount of SPF being considerably larger than the applied amount of SPF the most people use, for instance when sun bathing.
However, the SPF degenerates in course of time. Thus, the protection against the UVA- radiation strongly decreases in course of time for the sun protection creams available on the market. After a day in the sun, the absorbent effect of SPF reduces considerably. The absorption spectra of the SPF are then transferred to the UVC-region, where the SPF is not functional anymore.
Several arrangements have earlier been proposed to measure the ultraviolet radiation of the sun, especially for sun bathing.
US 5,986,273 shows an ultraviolet radiation sensor comprising a thin transparent semi- permeable membrane and an indicator means. The membrane is adhesive and may be worn on the skin to indicate the exposure of ultraviolet radiation and comprises ink- changing colour gradually. The ultraviolet radiator sensor shows the user, such as a sunbather, when the exposure to sunlight should be terminated and/or when additional sunscreen should be applied. Further, said sensor may also be provided with a means to receive and absorb a sun screen preparation such that the user knows when to re-apply additional sun screen. Consequently, the sensor exhibits the absorbent characteristics of the sunscreen preparations on human skin by means of emulating the manner in which the sunscreen is absorbed by the human skin. As the general degeneration by solar radiation increases, the sun screen preparation will slowly become less and less effective in preventing the transmission of ultraviolet light through the membrane to the indicator means of said sensor. Finally, the membrane then gradually will change the colour to indicate that more sunscreen should be applied. In conclusion, said ultraviolet radiation sensor is only pre-set to different levels of radiation.
US 4,985,632 shows an electronic watch comprising a photo diode for detecting skin damaging UVB ultraviolet tanning radiation. Some of the members of the watch interact so that the intensity of the UVB radiation, instantaneously incidents on the detector, gives an instantaneous value of the UVB radiation, i.e. not the UVA and the UVC radiation. Moreover, the watch also present the maximum time a user can be safely exposed to the UVB radiation, which is however initially calculated, preferably by a computer. The effect of the sun screening agents is not considered.
US 5,008, 548 shows a miniaturized portable battery operated with a combined power and energy radiometer, which provides a means to determine the direction of the maximum radiant UV power and also the measurement of the total energy over time, i.e. the dosage. The miniaturized portable battery comprises an alarm upon the attainment of a predetermined dosage level, which is set by the user. The effect of the sun screening agents is not considered.
US 5,365,068 shows a portable device for calculating the optimal safe SPF lotion to be applied by the user under local ambient conditions. The user inputs the skin type and the amount of time the user wish to spend in the sun. The device includes a photovoltaic (PV) cell for self-power having a battery back up.
EP 0392 442 discloses an ultraviolet ray measuring apparatus is provided which comprises first and second photodiodes having substantially the same spectral sensitivity at least in an ultraviolet band, and a first optical filter arranged in front of a light-receiving face of the second photodiode, for shielding only light of at least a part of the ultraviolet band, and measures the light intensity and its accumulated value in accordance with the difference between electric signals output from the first and second photodiodes. According to the ultraviolet ray measuring apparatus of the invention, a second optical filter, which has a main transmitting band in the ultraviolet band and a sub-transmitting band in the visible light range, is arranged in front of the light-receiving faces of the first and second photodiode. A multi-step bar graph display device displays indexes, such as an MED multiple value and an SPF value, which represent the measured light intensity and accumulated value in association with a reference MED value, so that this apparatus can suitably serve as a sunburn monitor. According to one aspect of the invention, the momentary SPF of an agent can be measured while measuring the ultra-violet ray. Thus, a glass portion can be assembled on the photodiode and applied with the agent. However, the glass portion is removed when the SPF measuring is performed. The changes over time in the agent characteristics are not considered. The SPF according to this invention is measured by subtracting the momentary currents, i.e. assuming that Iuv= I l2, wherein Ix is the current from the reference photodiode and I2 is the current from the photodiode with
In blocking filter, then SPF = -η - , where IU'v is the current corresponding to the measured
■* £/F
UV in two moments.
Moreover, the technique according to this invention differs completely from the present invention. The photodiode of this invention measures in the entire ultraviolet spectrum and uses blocking filters for band passing special regions while the present invention senses only specific UV region and uses optical filters for different bands, i.e. UVA, UVB and UVC.
In WO 01/42747 a disposable dosimeter for sun radiation comprising polymeric matrix is disclosed, with distributed therein at least one active chemical compound capable to change its original color to a new color due to a reversible photo-chemical reaction induced upon exposing the dosimeter to UV radiation. The transparency of the matrix is sufficient to enable easy visual detection of the change of the original color to the new color. The matrix is provided with porous structure suitable for absorbing thereinto of a sunscreen lotion when it is applied to the dosimeter.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The main object of the present invention is to provide an optical detector arrangement for detecting and registering incident ultraviolet radiation, which overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art mentioned above, which substantially instantaneously and continuously displays the total accumulated amount of ultraviolet radiation, the degeneration of the protective agent and finally the SPF of the protective agent. Moreover, the optical detector arrangement may be arranged with an alarm unit, which alarms at a predetermined value of sun radiation.
Another object of the invention is to provide an optical detector arrangement for detecting and registering incident ultraviolet radiation, which allows detection of the quality of protective agents.
These objects are achieved by means of the initially mentioned optical detector arrangement comprising a covering, covering said sensors and applicable with a protective agent, and that said sensors, when activated, are arranged to continuously measure and indicate changes of ultraviolet radiation passing through said applied protective agent on said covering.
The optical detector arrangement comprises active elements and preferably optical filters arranged in connection to said active elements, due to that the optical filters controls the wavelength-region of the incident ultraviolet radiation.
The covering applicable with a protective agent is arranged between the incident ultraviolet radiation and the active elements comprising optical filters. Said covering shows characteristics similar to human skin in absorbency, transparency, and thickness. The purpose is to simulate the human skin of a sunbather at applying a sun protective agent at sun bathing.
The means and active elements comprise optical filters, which give the amount of the totals dose of ultraviolet radiation, the degeneration of the protective agent and the efficiency of the protective agent. Consequently, for that purpose, the optical filters are provided for UVA, UVB, UVC radiation and radiation of yellow light (approx. 550 nm), respectively.
Said means preferably comprises amplifiers, ADC, an integrator and calculating units, an oscillator, a voltage supply, an alarm unit and a memory unit including data representing some different skin types, driving elements and display units.
The protective agent is a sun protective means such as a sun cream, sun screening inhibitor, or the like, i.e. sunscreens existing on the market.
In a preferred embodiment, the incident ultraviolet radiation is radiation from the sun constituting UVA, UVB and UVC radiation. In a preferred embodiment, the detector is adjustable for different skin types. In an advantage embodiment, the UV detection sensor is waterproof. The UV detection sensor is powered by solar cells. Consequently, the UV detection sensor is recharged, in the sun.
According to another aspect of the invention the arrangement comprises at least two detector sensors, a first sensor and a second sensor, and a reference sensor, each connected to an electrical circuitry for generating a detection signal, said first sensor being arranged to detect radiation through the protective agent, and that said electrical circuitry is arranged to compare signals from said first and second sensors and output an signal corresponding to said characteristics of said protective agent. The characteristics include at least one of efficiency or degeneration of said protective agent. The covering comprises members, consisting of areas in said covering, which are transparent for ultraviolet radiation passing through them. The members are arranged to exhibit characteristics similar to human skin in absorbency, transparency, thickness, etc. The characteristics are optionally provided as a value of the accumulated total dose and/or as a real-time value.
The sensors are provided with optical filters so that the incident UV radiation passing through the members initially hits the optical filters and subsequently hits the sensors. The optical filters are arranged for at least one of UVA and UVB radiation. A reference diode is blocked to the incident UV radiation. It is also possible to arrange data representing different skin types.
The invention also relates to a method of detecting and registering incident ultraviolet (UV) radiation and characteristics of a protective agent applied on a detector arrangement, the method comprises providing said arrangement with at least two sensors, a first sensor and a second sensor, and a reference sensor, arranging said first sensor to detect radiation through the protective agent, comparing signals from said first and second sensors and output an signal corresponding to said characteristics of said protective agent.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the following, the invention will be described in more detail and in a non-limiting way with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a UV detection sensor comprising active elements according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a wiring diagram of the sensor according to Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows a schematic cross sectional view of a UV detection sensor comprising active elements according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 shows a wiring diagram of the sensor according to Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a UV detector according to another aspect of the invention,
Fig. 7 shows a wiring diagram of the sensor according to Fig. 6.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In a first preferred embodiment of the invention, as illustrated in Fig.l, an optical detector arrangement 10 comprises two active elements 11, 12, which are arranged on a carrier 13. The active element 11 is arranged with an optical filter 14, such that the incident ultraviolet radiation passes through the optical filter 14 and thereafter reaches the active element 11. The optical filter 14 is intended for UVB radiation and therefore comprises a band pass filter for UVB ultraviolet radiation cantered around approx. 300 nm having a full width at half maximum, i.e. half width of approx. 30 nm. The element 12 is a reference diode and is also arranged on the carrier 13.
Furthermore, the UV detection sensor 10 comprises a covering 15, which is applicable with a protective agent, such as a sun protective agent, sun checking inhibitor or sunscreen. The covering 15 is arranged covering the active elements 11, 12 and the optical filter 14, preferably between the incident ultraviolet radiation and the optical filter 14 and the reference diode 12, respectively, such that the incident ultraviolet radiation passes through the covering 15 and thereafter hits the optical filter 14 as well as the reference diode 12.
Additionally, the covering 15 should show substantially the same characteristics as a human skin, for instance as to absorption and transparency of ultraviolet radiation, thickness, etc.
The wiring diagram for an electrical arrangement of the UV detection sensor according to Fig. 1 is illustrated in Fig. 2. In this embodiment, the active element 11 and the reference diode 12 are initially connected to signal amplifiers 41 and 42, respectively. Preferably, the active element 11 and the reference diode 12 are directly connected to an operation amplifier 43, which in turn is further connected to an integrator 44.
Except for the operation amplifier 43, the insignal units connected to the integrator 44 are preferably a driver element 46 and a resetting unit 47. An oscillator 45 is in turn connected to the driver element 46.
The integrator 44 is connected to a calculating unit 48, which is connected to a driver element 52, which in turn is connected to a display unit 53. Moreover, a memory unit 50 is connected to the first calculating unit 48. Additionally, an input unit 51 is connected to the memory unit 50.
In another embodiment (illustrated with dashed boundary lines), the UV detection sensor may comprise an active element having an optical filter for measuring UVA radiation. In this case a second calculating unit 49 is in the same way connected to a second driver element 54, which in turn is connected to a second display unit 55. However, in the most simplified embodiment, the UV detection sensor only measures UVB radiation, and consequently, the components in the dashed marked areas in Fig. 2 are excluded.
The UV detection sensor 10 is adjustable for different skin types in one embodiment of the invention, i.e. the sensor 10 comprises the memory unit 50 and stored in it a data representing different skin types (mJ/cm2), and also the input unit 51 for choosing the required individual skin type with regard to the maximum ultraviolet radiation dose (mJ/cm2). In one alternative embodiment, different UV detector sensor units 10 for different skin types with regard to the ultraviolet radiation dose (mJ/cm2) can be arranged.
The UV detection sensor 10 can be arranged with an alarm unit alarming when the maximum dose of ultraviolet radiation due to the degeneration of the protective agent is obtained (not shown in the figures).
The UV detection sensor 10 according to the first embodiment of the invention operates in the following way. Initially, the UV detection sensor 10 is set for the desired skin type, as mentioned above. Subsequently, the UV detection sensor 10 is reset. The user, such as a sunbather, applies his or her body and the covering 15 of the UV detection sensor 10 with the protective agent.
As a result, by means of the integrator 44 and the calculating unit 48, the display of the sensor 10 instantaneously and continuously indicates the total accumulated dose of UVB radiation relatively or compared to the maximum permitted dose of ultraviolet radiation with respect to the determined skin type. In this simplified first embodiment of the UV detection sensor 10, the total accumulated dose of the UVB radiation also indicates when the protective agent degenerates, by means of the calculating unit 49, due to the fact that the incident UVB radiation on the active element 11 decreases as the absorption spectra moves to the UVC radiation region. Consequently, if an alarm unit is provided, it alarms when the maximum dose (mJ/cm2) of the UVB radiation for the skin type is closed to a harmful value or it is obtained.
In a second preferred embodiment of the invention, the UV detection sensor 20, preferably comprises five active elements 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25, which are arranged on a carrier 26, see Fig. 3. The active elements 21, 22, 23, and 24 are arranged with optical filters 31, 32, 33 and 34 in connection with the elements and the carrier 26, as in the first embodiment. The element 21 is arranged with an optical filter 31, which comprises a band pass filter for UVA radiation cantered around 360 nm having a half width of approx. 60 nm. The element 22 is arranged with an optical filter 32 comprises a band pass filter for UVB radiation cantered around 300 nm having a half width of approx. 30 nm. The element 23 is arranged with an optical filter 33, which comprises a band pass filter for short wave for UVC radiation having a "cut-off" at approx. 280 nm. The element 24 comprises a band pass filter cantered around 550 nm having the half width approx 20 nm, i.e. for yellow light. The element 25 is a reference photodiode.
The UV detection sensor 20 comprises a covering 27, which is arranged on the optical filters 31, 32, 33, 34 and the reference diode 25 in accordance with the first preferred embodiment of the invention.
The wiring diagram for the UV detection sensor according to Fig. 3 is illustrated in Fig. 4. The reference diode 25 and the active elements 21, 22, 23 and 24 are initially connected to signal amplifiers 61, 62, 63, 64 and 65, respectively. The active elements 21, 22, 23 and 24 are connected to corresponding operation amplifiers 66, 67, 68 and 69. The operation amplifiers 66, 67, 68 and 69 are in turn connected to an ADC 70, which is connected to an integrator 71 and two calculating units 76 and 77.
An oscillator 72 is connected to the integrator 71 through a driver circuit 73. Also, a resetting unit 74 is arranged to the integrator 71. The outputs of the ADC are connected to two calculating units 76 and 77.
Furthermore, the integrator output 71 is connected to a calculating unit 75. The output of the first calculating unit 75 is connected to a first driver element 81, which in turn is connected to a display unit 82. Moreover, a memory unit 78 is connected to the first calculating unit 75. Further, an input unit 79 is connected to the memory unit 78.
The second and the third calculating units 76 and 77 are connected to driver elements 83 and 85, which thereafter are connected to display units 84 and 86, respectively.
The memory unit stores data representing some different skin types, and an alarm unit (not shown in the figure), as in the first embodiment of the invention.
The UV detection sensor 20 of the invention is operated in same way as the first embodiment of the invention. As a result, however, the display of the UV detection sensor 20, in Fig. 3 represented as separate display units 82, 84 and 86, is for instance shaped as a bar graph showing all the results in the following way.
Firstly, the display unit 82 of the sensor 20 substantially instantaneously and continuously indicates the total dose of the UVB radiation by means of the integrator 44 and the calculating unit 75, since the measured UVB radiation of the active element 22 is an instantaneous measurement of the accumulated dose of the total UVB radiation. The total dose of UVB-radiation is presented compared to the total dose for the actual skin type chosen.
Secondly, the display unit 84 of said sensor 20 substantially instantaneously and continuously indicates the ratio between the element 21 (UVA) and the element 23 (UVC) by means of the measured unit 76, which ratio is the degeneration of the sun protective agent as a results of the SPF degeneration in course of time, whereby the absorption spectra moves to the UVC-region. As the ratio decreases to a certain predetermined level, it is preferred to apply more SPF.
Thirdly, the display unit 86 of the sensor 20 substantially instantaneously and continuously indicates the ratio between element 22 (UVB) and element 24 (yellow light) as a result from the calculating unit 77, which ratio is a measurement of the sun protection factor.
An alarm signal can be generated when the maximum dose of UVB radiation for chosen skin type is obtained. In one embodiment, the alarm unit alarms when a predetermined value of degeneration of SPF is obtained.
The optical detector arrangement in the first and the second preferred embodiment can be arranged as a part of a membrane, a watch, a button, a sticker etc, which can be worn by an individual, such as a sun bather.
The active elements 11, 12, 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25 are UV indicating means such as photodetectors or photodiodes operating in the ultraviolet radiation region. The filters 14, 31, 32, 33 and 34 are preferably optical filters, which substantially only transmit specified wavelengths.
The UV detection sensors 10 and 20 are preferably waterproof, so that they can be used when swimming, which also can degenerate the sun protection agent.
The most preferred embodiment of the invention, as illustrated in Fig. 5 and a cross section in Fig. 6, an optical detector arrangement 100 comprises five active elements 111, 112, 113, 114 and 122, which are arranged on a carrier 115 placed under a covering 123. Active elements 111 and 113 are arranged with optical filters 116 and 118. The optical filters 16 and 18 are intended for UVB radiation and therefore comprise a bandpass filter for UVB radiation centered around approx. 300 nm having a full width at half maximum of approx. 30 nm. Active elements 112 and 114 are arranged with optical filters 117 and 119, such that the incident ultraviolet radiation passes through the optical filters 117, 119, and hits the active elements 112 and 114. The optical filters 117 and 119 are intended for UVA radiation and therefore comprise a bandpass filter for UVA radiation centered around approx. 360 nm having a full width at half maximum of approx. 80 nm. The element 22 is a reference diode and is also arranged on the carrier 15.
The UV detection sensor arrangement 110 comprises members 120 and 121, which are applicable with a protective agent. The members 120, 121 are transparent for UV radiation, and consequently serve as a window for the UV radiation. The windows 120 and 121 are arranged in connection with the active elements 111 and 112 respectively 113 and 114, between the incident ultraviolet radiation and the optical filters 116, 117, 118 and 119, such that the incident ultraviolet radiation passes through the windows 120 and 121 and thereafter hits the optical filters 116, 117, 118 and 119 but not the reference diode 122.
Additionally, the windows 120 and 121 shows substantially the same characteristics as human skin, for instance in absorption and transparency of ultraviolet radiation, thickness of the windows 120 and 121, etc.
The wiring diagram for an electrical arrangement of an UV detection sensor according to Fig. 6 is illustrated in Fig. 7. In this embodiment, the active elements 111, 112, 113 and 114 as well as the reference diode 122 are initially connected to signal amplifiers 161, 162, 163, 164 and 165 respectively. Preferably, the active elements 111, 112, 113 and 14 and the reference diode 122 are connected to operation amplifiers 166, 167, 168 and 169. The operational amplifiers 166, 167, 168 and 169 are in turn connected to an ADC 170, which in turn is connected to an integrator 171 and a calculating unit 176.
Except for the operation amplifiers 166, 167, 168 and 169, the signal units connected to the integrator 171 are preferably a driver element 173 and a resetting init 174. An oscillator is in turn connected to the driver element 173.
Further, the integrator 171 is connected to a calculating unit 175. The calculating unit 175 is connected to a driver element 181, which in turn is connected to a display unit 182. Moreover, a memory unit 178 is connected to the first calculating unit 175. Further, an input unit 179 is connected to the memory unit 178.
Furthermore, the ADC 170 is connected to a second calculating unit 176, which is in the same way as the first calculating unit 175 is connected to a second driver element 183, which in turn in connected to a display unit 184. The calculating units 175 and 176 are also connected to a memory unit 177.
The UV detection sensor 110 is adjustable for different skin types in one embodiment of the invention, i.e. the sensor 110 comprises the data unit 178 including data representing some different skin types (mJ/cm2), and also the input unit 179 for choosing the required individual skin type with regard to the maximum ultraviolet radiation dose (mJ/cm2). In one alternative embodiment there can be arranged different UV detector sensor units 110 for different skin types with regard to the ultraviolet radiation dose (mJ/cm2).
The UV detection sensor 110 can be arranged with an alarm unit alarming when the maximum dose of ultraviolet radiation is obtained (not shown in the figures). The UV detection sensor 110 can also be arranged with a RF unit 185 for wireless communication of stored data with an external computer/display unit (not shown in the figures).
The UV detection sensor 110 according to the embodiment of the invention operates in the following way. Initially, the UV detection sensor 110 is set for the desired skin type, if necessary. Subsequently, the UV detection sensor 110 is reset. The user, such as a sunbather, applies his or her body and one of the windows 120 of the UV detection sensor 110 with the protective agent.
Firstly, the display unit 182 of the sensor 110 substantially instantaneously and continuously indicates the total accumulated dose of the UVA and UVB radiation by means of the integrator 171 and the calculating unit 175, since the measured UVA and UVB radiation of the active elements 111 and 112 is an instantaneous measurement of the accumulated dose of the total UVA and UVB radiation. The total dose of UVA and UVB- radiation is presented compared to the total dose for the actual skin type chosen. However, it is also possible to show the UVA and UVB radiation as a measurement in realtime, i.e. it is possible to display how the incoming UV radiation varies in time.
Secondly, the display unit 184 of the sensor 110 substantially instantaneously and continuously indicates the relation between the element 111 (UVB) and element 113
(UVB) respectively element 112 (UVA) and element 114 (UVA) by means of the calculating unit 176, which relationship is a measurement of the sun protection factor. In this way, the window 120 applied with a protective agent is compared to the window 121 not applied with the protective agent. The degeneration of the protective agent can also be obtained in this way, as a total value or in real-time.
An alarm signal can be generated when the maximum dose of UVA and UVB radiation for chosen skin type is obtained. In one embodiment, the alarm unit alarms when a predetermined value of degeneration of SPF is obtained.
The active elements 111, 112, 113, 114 and 122 are UV indicating means such as photo detectors or photo diodes operating in the ultraviolet radiation region. The filters 116, 117, 118, and 119 are preferably optical filters, which substantially only transmit specified wavelengths.
The wiring diagrams are not limited to the illustrated examples. The type and connection of components can be varied in many ways, within the knowledge of a skilled person, as long as the function of the circuits are within the readings of the invention.
The optical detectors arrangement in the preferred embodiment can be arranged as a part of a membrane, a watch, a button, a sticker etc, which can be worn by an individual, such as a sunbather. The arrangement can also be integrated in the clothing, e.g. bath suite, or even a sunshade. It is for example possible to arrange or distribute photodiodes for example in strapless or other suitable places on the bathing clothes.
It is not necessary that the photodiodes and the electrical circuitry are integrated. The photodiodes can for example be provided in the bathing clothes when they are manufactured. The photodiodes can be arranged with contacts in a suitable place on the cloth and the electronic part (provided separately) can be connected to the photodiodes later. This allows for obtaining different electronic part for example for different skin types. The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown but can be varied in a number of different ways, for instance by combination of two or more of the embodiments shown, without depart from the scope of the appended claims, and the arrangement and the method can be implemented in a number of ways depending on application, functional units, needs and requirements and so on.

Claims

1. An optical detector arrangement (10, 20, 100) for detecting and registering incident ultraviolet radiation, comprising sensors (11, 12, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 111, 112, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125) and means for generating a detection signal, characterized in that the arrangement comprises a covering (15, 27, 115, 127), covering said sensors and applicable with a protective agent, and that said sensors, when activated, are arranged to continuously measure and indicate changes of ultraviolet radiation passing through said applied protective agent on said covering.
2. An optical detector arrangement as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said sensors consist of active elements (11, 12, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 111, 112, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125).
3. An optical detector arrangement as claimed in claim 1 and 2, characterized in that optical filters (14, 31, 32, 33, 34) are arranged in connection to said active elements (11, 12, 21, 22, 23, 24).
4. An optical detector arrangement as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said covering (15, 27) is arranged to exhibit characteristics similar to human skin in absorbency, transparency, thickness etc.
5. An optical detector arrangement as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arrangement is arranged to provide at least one of the total ultraviolet radiation, the degeneration of the protective agent or the efficiency of the protective agent.
6. An optical detector arrangement as claimed in claim 2 and 3, characterized in that the optical filters (14, 31, 32, 33, 34) are arranged for UVA, UVB, UVC radiation and yellow light, respectively.
7. An optical detector arrangement as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the UVA radiation comprises wavelengths in the ultraviolet radiation region approx. of 400 to 320 nm, the UVB-radiation comprises wavelengths in the ultra violet radiation region approx. of 320 to 280 nm, the UVC-radiation comprises wavelengths in the ultra violet radiation region approx. of 280 to 200 nm and yellow light comprises wavelengths of approx 550 nm.
8. An optical detector arrangement as claimed in any of the claims 2 - 5, characterized in that the active elements (11, 12, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25) are photo diodes.
9. An optical detector arrangement as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it comprises amplifiers (41, 42, 43, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69), ADC (70), an integrator (44, 71) and calculating units (48, 49, 75, 76, 77) an oscillator (45, 72) and a memory unit (50,78)
10. An optical detector arrangement as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it comprises data representing some different skin types, driving elements (52, 54, 81, 83, 85) and display units (55, 56, 82, 84, 86).
11. An optical detector arrangement as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the protective agent is a sun protective means such as a sun checking inhibitor, sun screening inhibitor or similarly.
12. An optical detector arrangement as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor (10, 20) is adjustable for different skin types.
13. An optical detector arrangement as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is provided with an alarm unit.
14. An optical detector arrangement as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor (10, 20, 100) is waterproof.
15. An optical detector arrangement as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor is powered by solar cells.
16. The optical detector arrangement (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrangement comprises at least two detector sensors (111, 112, 113,114), a first sensor and a second sensor, and a reference sensor (122), each connected to an electrical circuitry for generating a detection signal, said first sensor being arranged to detect radiation through the protective agent, and that said electrical circuitry is arranged to compare signals from said first and second sensors and output an signal corresponding to said characteristics of said protective agent.
17. The optical detector arrangement of claim 16, characterized in that said characteristics include at least one of efficiency or degeneration of said protective agent.
18. The optical detector arrangement of claim 16, characterized in that said covering comprises members (120, 121), consisting of areas in said covering (123), which are transparent for ultraviolet radiation passing through them.
19. The optical detector arrangement of claim 16, characterized in that said members (120, 121) are arranged to exhibit characteristics similar to human skin in absorbency, transparency, thickness, etc.
20. The optical detector arrangement of claim 16, characterized in that said characteristics are optionally provided as a value of the accumulated total dose and/or as a real-time value.
21. The optical detector arrangement according to any one of claims 16-20, characterized in that said sensors (111, 112, 113, 114, 122) are provided with optical filters (116, 117, 118, 119) so that the incident UV radiation passing through the members (120, 121) initially hits the optical filters (116, 117, 118, 119) and subsequently hits the sensors (111, 112, 113, 114).
22. The optical detector arrangement of claim 21, characterized in that the optical filters (116, 117, 118, 119) are arranged for at least one of UVA and UVB radiation.
23. The optical detector arrangement of according to any one of claims 16 to 22, characterized in that a reference diode (122) is blocked to the incident UV radiation.
24. The optical detector arrangement claimed in any of the preceding claims, comprising data representing different skin types.
25. A method of detecting and registering incident ultraviolet (UV) radiation and characteristics of a protective agent applied on a detector arrangement (100), characterized by providing said arrangement with at least two sensors (111, 112, 113,114, 122), a first sensor and a second sensor, and a reference sensor (122), arranging said first sensor to detect radiation through the protective agent, comparing signals from said first and second sensors and output an signal corresponding to said characteristics of said protective agent.
26. A method of detecting and registering incident ultraviolet radiation with an optical detector arrangement (10, 20, 100) comprising sensors (11, 12, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 111,
112, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125) and means for generating a detection signal, characterized by arranging said arrangement comprising a covering (115, 127), which covers said sensors on or close to a user, applying said cover with a protective agent, and indicating changes of ultraviolet radiation passing through said applied protective agent on said covering by said sensors.
EP02744035A 2001-06-21 2002-06-20 Ultraviolet detection sensor Withdrawn EP1412713A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US29945101P 2001-06-21 2001-06-21
SE0102226A SE523729C2 (en) 2001-06-21 2001-06-21 Optical detector arrangement for detecting and registering incident ultraviolet radiation has sensors, which when activated, continuously measure and indicate changes of UV radiation passing through applied protective agent on covering
US299451P 2001-06-21
SE0102226 2001-06-21
US31905702P 2002-01-10 2002-01-10
SE0200082A SE521065C2 (en) 2002-01-10 2002-01-10 Optical detector arrangement for detecting and registering incident ultraviolet radiation has sensors, which when activated, continuously measure and indicate changes of UV radiation passing through applied protective agent on covering
US319057P 2002-01-10
SE0200082 2002-01-10
PCT/SE2002/001236 WO2003001164A1 (en) 2001-06-21 2002-06-20 Ultraviolet detection sensor

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DE102010006024B4 (en) * 2010-01-27 2012-08-02 Heiko Herzberg Sensor module for measuring object-damaging radiation
FI129500B (en) * 2016-05-09 2022-03-31 Turun Yliopisto Synthetic material for detecting ultraviolet radiation
CN107860472A (en) * 2017-11-30 2018-03-30 南京信息职业技术学院 Sunbath bracelet

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DE3420817A1 (en) * 1983-05-30 1985-01-31 Gerhard 2165 Harsefeld Wehdeking UV meter
GB2181833A (en) * 1985-09-13 1987-04-29 Radtech Inc Computing device for suntanning dose measurement, and process for producing optical filters
JPH02133627U (en) * 1989-04-12 1990-11-06
AU6344290A (en) * 1989-09-12 1991-04-18 Ruger Design Limited An ultraviolet radiation dosimeter
AT400635B (en) * 1991-11-29 1996-02-26 Steiner Wilhelm TRANSPORTABLE MEASURING DEVICE FOR DETECTING THE UV RADIANT DOSE AS PROTECTION AGAINST HEALTH DAMAGE TO THE SKIN
DE4217968A1 (en) * 1992-05-30 1993-12-02 Robert Baumgartner UV radiation measuring appts. for natural and artificial light - has integrating fibre=optic sensor with bell-shaped sensitivity curve set by choice of material and construction
FR2699672B1 (en) * 1992-12-22 1995-02-03 Jean Decupper Method and device for controlling electromagnetic radiation emission devices.
DE4441869A1 (en) * 1994-11-24 1996-05-30 Stephan Beck Integrated quartz wrist-watch and UV exposure meter
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