EP1391606A1 - Metering device with adjustable flow rate and method for setting a flow rate of a metering device - Google Patents
Metering device with adjustable flow rate and method for setting a flow rate of a metering device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1391606A1 EP1391606A1 EP02018661A EP02018661A EP1391606A1 EP 1391606 A1 EP1391606 A1 EP 1391606A1 EP 02018661 A EP02018661 A EP 02018661A EP 02018661 A EP02018661 A EP 02018661A EP 1391606 A1 EP1391606 A1 EP 1391606A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valve needle
- metering device
- piezoelectric actuator
- actuator assembly
- adjustment element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/20—Closing valves mechanically, e.g. arrangements of springs or weights or permanent magnets; Damping of valve lift
- F02M61/205—Means specially adapted for varying the spring tension or assisting the spring force to close the injection-valve, e.g. with damping of valve lift
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/167—Means for compensating clearance or thermal expansion
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a metering device for dosing pressurized fluids, particularly an injection valve for a fuel injection system in an internal combustion engine.
- the metering device is of the type which comprises a housing having an end part provided with an outlet passage terminating with a metering opening, an axially moveable valve needle passing through the outlet passage, a piezoelectric actuator assembly in axial alignment with the valve needle and cooperating with the valve needle to control its axial movement, means for transmitting an axial extension of the piezoelectric actuator assembly to the valve needle to displace the needle from the closing position when activated, and spring means for urging the valve needle in the closing position.
- the invention further relates to a method for setting a flow rate of such a metering device.
- An injection valve of this type is disclosed, for example, in the European Patent application EP 1 046 809 A2. It is essential that the flow rate delivered by the injector can be set to a defined value at the end of the assembly process in the factory.
- the calibration of such an injector is carried out with the injector assembled but not finally welded. In this state, the injector to be calibrated is introduced in an appropriate blocking tool.
- the regulation of the flow rate through the injector is carried out by inserting special washer rings with several heights between the spring means and the valve body to modify the spring stiffness and the needle stretch until a desired flow rate is reached.
- the injector proceeds to the final welding of the inlet fitting on the housing.
- Such an iterative operational sequence is time consuming and expensive and may not be adapted to the mass production in a factory. Further, as the washer rings have to be changed repeatedly, it is not possible to calibrate the injector during a flow phase of the fluid.
- an adjustment element is arranged at the end part of the housing opposite to the end part provided with the outlet passage, the adjustment element applying an adjustable pressure force on the piezoelectric actuator assembly, the valve needle and the spring means, thereby setting a flow rate for the metering device.
- the invention is thus based on the idea to set the flow rate by applying an adjustable pressure on the series of elements formed by the piezoelectric actuator assembly and the valve needle with its associated spring means. This allows the flow rate to be calibrated after the completed assembly of the injector in a simple and straightforward manner.
- the adjustment element is formed by a threaded element and the pressure force exerted on the piezoelectric actuator assembly, the valve needle and the spring means is increased by tightening the threaded element in its seat and is decreased by slackening the threaded element in its seat.
- the flow rate may thus be set by simply turning an axial force transmitting screw, thereby increasing or decreasing the pressure on the above mentioned group of components.
- a thermal compensator unit is arranged between the adjustment element and the piezoelectric actuator assembly in axial direction such that the adjustment element applies the adjustable pressure force on the chain formed by the thermal compensator unit, the piezoelectric actuator assembly and the valve needle with its associated spring means. This allows to incorporate the thermal compensator unit while maintaining the advantages of the invention mentioned above.
- the adjustment element is provided in axial alignment with the valve needle and the piezoelectric actuator assembly. Such an arrangement facilitates the transmission of the axial force.
- a fluid inlet for supplying the fluid under pressure is arranged off-centered at the end part of the housing provided with the adjustment element.
- the flow rate through the metering device is repeatedly measured and the pressure force applied by the adjustment element is increased or decreased by tightening or slackening the adjustment element in its seat until a predetermined flow rate through the metering device is achieved.
- FIGS 1 and 2 show an injection valve for direct-injection gasoline engines, generally designated by 10.
- the injection valve has a double tube design in which the housing 12 comprises an outer tubular member 121 and an inner tubular member 123, forming an annular fluid supply passage 14 between them.
- An inlet fitting 16 is provided off-centered on the support flange 44.
- the outlet passage 20 projects through the lower part of the housing 12 and terminates in a metering opening 22.
- the metering opening 22 is surrounded by a valve seat which is opened or closed by the axial movement of the valve needle passing through the outlet passage 20.
- the closed state of the injection valve 10, where a mushroom-shaped plunger of the valve needle is pressed against the valve seat is provided by the biased pressure of a helical spring.
- Gasoline is injected into the engine cylinder by activating a piezoelectric actuator assembly 36.
- Applying an excitation voltage to the piezoelectric actuator increases its length in axial direction by a predetermined amount, for example 20 ⁇ m. This extension in length is transmitted to the valve needle which depresses the biasing spring and lifts from the valve seat to begin the injection of pressurized gasoline into the cylinder.
- the excitation voltage is switched off, the length of the piezoelectric actuator in axial direction decreases to its normal value and the biasing pressure of the helical spring forces the valve needle and the plunger back to its closing position on the valve seat.
- a thermal compensator 38 is provided to fix the position of the piezoelectric actuator assembly 36 during fast changes of its length, but compensates for slow changes in the position of the piezoelectric actuator assembly 36 due to, for example, thermal changes.
- the flow rate of the injector is set by adjusting the threaded element 40.
- the threaded element 40 is used to adjust the load applied to the following components in series: the thermal compensator 38, the piezoelectric actuator assembly 36, the needle of the injector and the spring.
- the valve needle is counterbalanced by the force of the spring.
- the valve needle experiences a mechanical relaxation because of the increasing Hertzian load transmitted by the chain of components consisting of the threaded element 40, the thermal compensator 38, and the piezoelectric actuator assembly 36.
- the increasing load is counterbalanced by the helical spring.
- valve needle upon progressive slackening of the threaded element 40 in its seat 42 the valve needle experiences a mechanical tensile stretching, because the force of the spring is decreasingly counterbalanced by the chain of Hertzian contacts between the threaded element 40, the thermal compensator 38, the piezoelectric actuator assembly 36, and the valve needle.
- closure force of the plunger of the valve needle against its sealing seat is a fundamental parameter in the adjustment process.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a metering device for dosing pressurized fluids, comprising a housing (12) having an end part provided with an outlet passage (20) terminating with a metering opening (22), an axially moveable valve needle passing through the outlet passage (20) and controlling opening and closing of the metering opening (22), a piezoelectric actuator assembly (30) in axial alignment with the valve needle and cooperating with the valve needle to control its axial movement, means for transmitting an axial extension of the piezoelectric actuator assembly (30) to the valve needle to displace the needle from the closing position when activated, and spring means for urging the valve needle in the closing position. An adjustment element (40) is arranged at the end part of the housing (12) opposite to the end part provided with the outlet passage (20), applying an adjustable pressure force on the piezoelectric actuator assembly (30), the valve needle and the spring means, thereby setting a flow rate for the metering device. <IMAGE>
Description
The present invention relates to a metering device for dosing
pressurized fluids, particularly an injection valve for a
fuel injection system in an internal combustion engine. The
metering device is of the type which comprises a housing having
an end part provided with an outlet passage terminating
with a metering opening, an axially moveable valve needle
passing through the outlet passage, a piezoelectric actuator
assembly in axial alignment with the valve needle and cooperating
with the valve needle to control its axial movement,
means for transmitting an axial extension of the piezoelectric
actuator assembly to the valve needle to displace the
needle from the closing position when activated, and spring
means for urging the valve needle in the closing position.
The invention further relates to a method for setting a flow
rate of such a metering device.
An injection valve of this type is disclosed, for example, in
the European Patent application EP 1 046 809 A2. It is essential
that the flow rate delivered by the injector can be
set to a defined value at the end of the assembly process in
the factory. Presently, the calibration of such an injector
is carried out with the injector assembled but not finally
welded. In this state, the injector to be calibrated is introduced
in an appropriate blocking tool. The regulation of
the flow rate through the injector is carried out by inserting
special washer rings with several heights between the
spring means and the valve body to modify the spring stiffness
and the needle stretch until a desired flow rate is
reached. After the calibration process is completed, the injector
proceeds to the final welding of the inlet fitting on
the housing. Such an iterative operational sequence is time
consuming and expensive and may not be adapted to the mass
production in a factory. Further, as the washer rings have to
be changed repeatedly, it is not possible to calibrate the
injector during a flow phase of the fluid.
In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the present invention
to improve the calibration process for a metering device
of the above mentioned type.
This object is achieved by a metering device with the features
of appended claim 1, and by the method of independent
claim 6. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are disclosed
in the dependent claims.
According to the invention, in a metering device of the type
mentioned above, an adjustment element is arranged at the end
part of the housing opposite to the end part provided with
the outlet passage, the adjustment element applying an adjustable
pressure force on the piezoelectric actuator assembly,
the valve needle and the spring means, thereby setting a
flow rate for the metering device.
The invention is thus based on the idea to set the flow rate
by applying an adjustable pressure on the series of elements
formed by the piezoelectric actuator assembly and the valve
needle with its associated spring means. This allows the flow
rate to be calibrated after the completed assembly of the injector
in a simple and straightforward manner.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the adjustment
element is formed by a threaded element and the pressure
force exerted on the piezoelectric actuator assembly, the
valve needle and the spring means is increased by tightening
the threaded element in its seat and is decreased by slackening
the threaded element in its seat. The flow rate may thus
be set by simply turning an axial force transmitting screw,
thereby increasing or decreasing the pressure on the above
mentioned group of components.
Advantageously, a thermal compensator unit is arranged between
the adjustment element and the piezoelectric actuator
assembly in axial direction such that the adjustment element
applies the adjustable pressure force on the chain formed by
the thermal compensator unit, the piezoelectric actuator assembly
and the valve needle with its associated spring means.
This allows to incorporate the thermal compensator unit while
maintaining the advantages of the invention mentioned above.
According to the invention it is preferred that the adjustment
element is provided in axial alignment with the valve
needle and the piezoelectric actuator assembly. Such an arrangement
facilitates the transmission of the axial force.
In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, a fluid
inlet for supplying the fluid under pressure is arranged off-centered
at the end part of the housing provided with the adjustment
element.
According to the invention, in a method for setting a flow
rate of any of the metering devices described above,
the flow rate through the metering device is repeatedly measured
and the pressure force applied by the adjustment element
is increased or decreased by tightening or slackening the adjustment
element in its seat until a predetermined flow rate
through the metering device is achieved.
The advantages gained by the technical features of the invention
include
- an easy method for setting the desired flow rate;
- no necessity to take apart the assembled parts for the calibration process;
- the possibility to calibrate the flow rate after the completed assembly of the injector; and
- the possibility to adapt the method in a mass production process for metering devices.
The invention, both its construction an its method of operation
together with additional objects and advantages thereof,
will best be understood from the following description of
specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying
drawings, wherein
- Figure 1
- is a schematic axial cross section of the top part of an injector valve according to an embodiment of the invention; and
- Figure 2
- is a schematic axial cross section of the injector valve of Fig. 1 in its fully assembled state.
Figures 1 and 2 show an injection valve for direct-injection
gasoline engines, generally designated by 10. The injection
valve has a double tube design in which the housing 12 comprises
an outer tubular member 121 and an inner tubular member
123, forming an annular fluid supply passage 14 between
them. An inlet fitting 16 is provided off-centered on the
support flange 44.
From the inlet fitting 16 and the annular fluid supply passage
14 the gasoline enters an axial outlet passage 20. The
outlet passage 20 projects through the lower part of the
housing 12 and terminates in a metering opening 22. The metering
opening 22 is surrounded by a valve seat which is
opened or closed by the axial movement of the valve needle
passing through the outlet passage 20.
The closed state of the injection valve 10, where a mushroom-shaped
plunger of the valve needle is pressed against the
valve seat is provided by the biased pressure of a helical
spring.
Gasoline is injected into the engine cylinder by activating a
piezoelectric actuator assembly 36. Applying an excitation
voltage to the piezoelectric actuator increases its length in
axial direction by a predetermined amount, for example 20 µm.
This extension in length is transmitted to the valve needle
which depresses the biasing spring and lifts from the valve
seat to begin the injection of pressurized gasoline into the
cylinder. When the excitation voltage is switched off, the
length of the piezoelectric actuator in axial direction decreases
to its normal value and the biasing pressure of the
helical spring forces the valve needle and the plunger back
to its closing position on the valve seat.
A thermal compensator 38 is provided to fix the position of
the piezoelectric actuator assembly 36 during fast changes of
its length, but compensates for slow changes in the position
of the piezoelectric actuator assembly 36 due to, for example,
thermal changes.
The flow rate of the injector is set by adjusting the
threaded element 40. The threaded element 40 is used to adjust
the load applied to the following components in series:
the thermal compensator 38, the piezoelectric actuator assembly
36, the needle of the injector and the spring.
Whereas the thermal compensator 38 and the piezoelectric actuator
assembly 36 are free to move axially inside the housing
12, the valve needle is counterbalanced by the force of
the spring. Upon progressive tightening of the threaded element
40 in its seat 42 the valve needle experiences a mechanical
relaxation because of the increasing Hertzian load
transmitted by the chain of components consisting of the
threaded element 40, the thermal compensator 38, and the piezoelectric
actuator assembly 36. The increasing load is counterbalanced
by the helical spring.
On the other hand, upon progressive slackening of the
threaded element 40 in its seat 42 the valve needle experiences
a mechanical tensile stretching, because the force of
the spring is decreasingly counterbalanced by the chain of
Hertzian contacts between the threaded element 40, the thermal
compensator 38, the piezoelectric actuator assembly 36,
and the valve needle.
It will be appreciated that the closure force of the plunger
of the valve needle against its sealing seat is a fundamental
parameter in the adjustment process.
The features disclosed in the foregoing description, in the
drawings, and in the claims may alone as well as in any possible
combination be important for the realization of the invention.
Claims (6)
- A metering device for dosing pressurized fluids, particularly an injection valve for a fuel injection system in an internal combustion engine, comprisingcharacterized in thata housing (12) having an end part provided with an outletpassage (20) terminating with a metering opening (22),an axially moveable valve needle passing through the outlet passage (20), and controlling opening and closing of the metering opening (22),a piezoelectric actuator assembly (36) in axial alignment with the valve needle and cooperating with the valve needle to control its axial movement,means for transmitting an axial extension of the piezoelectric actuator assembly (36) to the valve needle to displace the needle from the closing position when activated, andspring means for urging the valve needle in the closing position
an adjustment element (40) is arranged at the end part of the housing (12) opposite to the end part provided with the outlet passage (20), the adjustment element (40) applying an adjustable pressure force on the piezoelectric actuator assembly (36), the valve needle and the spring means, thereby setting a flow rate for the metering device. - The metering device according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the adjustment element is formed by a threaded element (40), wherein the pressure force exerted on the piezoelectric actuator assembly (36), the valve needle and the spring means is increased by tightening the threaded element (40) in its seat (42) and is decreased by slackening the threaded element (40) in its seat (42). - The metering device according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
a thermal compensator unit (38) is arranged between the adjustment element (40) and the piezoelectric actuator assembly (36) in axial direction such that the adjustment element (40) applies the adjustable pressure force on the chain formed by the thermal compensator unit (38), the piezoelectric actuator assembly (36) and the valve needle with its associated spring means. - The metering device according to any of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the adjustment element (40) is provided in axial alignment with the valve needle and the piezoelectric actuator assembly (36). - The metering device according to any of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
a fluid inlet (16) for supplying the fluid under pressure is arranged off-centered at the end part of the housing (12) provided with the adjustment element (40). - A method for setting a flow rate of a metering device according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the flow rate through the metering device is repeatedly measured and the pressure force applied by the adjustment element (40) is increased or decreased by tightening or slackening the adjustment element (40) in its seat (42) until a predetermined flow rate through the metering device is achieved.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2002608189 DE60208189T2 (en) | 2002-08-20 | 2002-08-20 | Adjustable flow doser and method for adjusting the flow rate of a doser |
| EP20020018661 EP1391606B1 (en) | 2002-08-20 | 2002-08-20 | Metering device with adjustable flow rate and method for setting a flow rate of a metering device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20020018661 EP1391606B1 (en) | 2002-08-20 | 2002-08-20 | Metering device with adjustable flow rate and method for setting a flow rate of a metering device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1391606A1 true EP1391606A1 (en) | 2004-02-25 |
| EP1391606B1 EP1391606B1 (en) | 2005-12-21 |
Family
ID=30775821
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20020018661 Expired - Fee Related EP1391606B1 (en) | 2002-08-20 | 2002-08-20 | Metering device with adjustable flow rate and method for setting a flow rate of a metering device |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1391606B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60208189T2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1865191A1 (en) * | 2006-06-06 | 2007-12-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Adjusting arrangement for an injection valve, injection valve and method for adjusting an injection valve |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2094940A (en) * | 1981-02-18 | 1982-09-22 | Nissan Motor | Piezo-electric valve |
| JPH0347460A (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1991-02-28 | Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd | Fuel injection nozzle |
| JPH10159673A (en) * | 1996-12-03 | 1998-06-16 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Injection valve |
| EP1046809A2 (en) | 1999-04-20 | 2000-10-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Fluid metering device |
| WO2001029400A2 (en) * | 1999-10-15 | 2001-04-26 | Westport Research Inc. | Directly actuated injection valve |
| EP1167747A2 (en) * | 2000-06-26 | 2002-01-02 | Denso Corporation | Improved structure of fuel injector using piezoelectric actuator |
-
2002
- 2002-08-20 DE DE2002608189 patent/DE60208189T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-08-20 EP EP20020018661 patent/EP1391606B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2094940A (en) * | 1981-02-18 | 1982-09-22 | Nissan Motor | Piezo-electric valve |
| JPH0347460A (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1991-02-28 | Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd | Fuel injection nozzle |
| JPH10159673A (en) * | 1996-12-03 | 1998-06-16 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Injection valve |
| EP1046809A2 (en) | 1999-04-20 | 2000-10-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Fluid metering device |
| WO2001029400A2 (en) * | 1999-10-15 | 2001-04-26 | Westport Research Inc. | Directly actuated injection valve |
| EP1167747A2 (en) * | 2000-06-26 | 2002-01-02 | Denso Corporation | Improved structure of fuel injector using piezoelectric actuator |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 015, no. 190 (M - 1113) 16 May 1991 (1991-05-16) * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 11 30 September 1998 (1998-09-30) * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1865191A1 (en) * | 2006-06-06 | 2007-12-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Adjusting arrangement for an injection valve, injection valve and method for adjusting an injection valve |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1391606B1 (en) | 2005-12-21 |
| DE60208189T2 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
| DE60208189D1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
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