EP1380092A1 - Housing comprising at least one functional element of an electrical machine - Google Patents

Housing comprising at least one functional element of an electrical machine

Info

Publication number
EP1380092A1
EP1380092A1 EP02704612A EP02704612A EP1380092A1 EP 1380092 A1 EP1380092 A1 EP 1380092A1 EP 02704612 A EP02704612 A EP 02704612A EP 02704612 A EP02704612 A EP 02704612A EP 1380092 A1 EP1380092 A1 EP 1380092A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
housing according
functional element
bearing
brush
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02704612A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Wolfgang Winkler
Hartmut Nitzsche
Heinz Seibert
Klaus Vollmer
Martin Huber
Cornelia Lula
Michael Kupferer
Robert White
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1380092A1 publication Critical patent/EP1380092A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/14—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/22—Auxiliary parts of casings not covered by groups H02K5/06-H02K5/20, e.g. shaped to form connection boxes or terminal boxes
    • H02K5/225—Terminal boxes or connection arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/02—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for suppression of electromagnetic interference
    • H02K11/026—Suppressors associated with brushes, brush holders or their supports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/02—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for suppression of electromagnetic interference
    • H02K11/028—Suppressors associated with the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/08—Insulating casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/14—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders
    • H02K5/143—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders for cooperation with commutators
    • H02K5/148—Slidably supported brushes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/167—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using sliding-contact or spherical cap bearings
    • H02K5/1672—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using sliding-contact or spherical cap bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a housing according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • an electric motor which has a housing, the housing having elements of the electric motor such as brushes, brush holder, bearing, bearing holder.
  • the assembly of these elements is very complex. For example, when installing an armature with a commutator in the housing, the brushes have to be pushed back into their brush holder. It is not possible to assemble the brushes after assembling the commutator.
  • US Pat. No. 5,661,357 shows a housing which has a bearing receptacle and holder for a bearing of an electric motor, which is integral with the housing.
  • EP 0 911 949 AI shows a plug-in device with electrical power supplies for an electric motor, which is mounted on a gear housing.
  • EP 0 739 077 B1 shows a brush holder with brushes which is mounted on an electric motor housing in the axial direction.
  • WO 97/43819 shows an electrical drive in which a plug with electrical lines is mounted on the outside of a housing.
  • DE 43 37 390 AI shows an electric drive unit in which the brush holder is mounted together with the brushes from the outside on a housing.
  • the housing according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that the assembly of functional elements on the housing is simplified in a simple manner.
  • the housing has a bearing receptacle in which a bearing for a shaft of an armature of an electrical machine can advantageously be mounted from the outside, because this simplifies the assembly. It is also advantageous if the housing has at least one receptacle for the functional elements in which they can be stored and / or held.
  • At least one speed detection element of an electrical machine, electrical conductor tracks or at least one electrical interference suppression coil can advantageously be attached to the housing from the outside as functional elements.
  • bearing receptacle and bracket are in one piece with the housing, because this eliminates the need for additional fastening elements for fastening the bearing.
  • This configuration of the housing advantageously integrates a brush holder and / or a bearing plate into the housing. This saves the assembly costs and times from a brush holder or a bearing plate to a housing.
  • the housing can advantageously form a magnetic yoke element for an electric motor.
  • the housing is electrically or magnetically conductive, it is advantageous to electrically isolate the receptacle from the housing.
  • the housing can advantageously be part of an electric drive, such as, for example, in one piece with a gear housing, as a result of which the number of parts to be assembled is reduced.
  • the housing advantageously has bushings for the brushes, as a result of which no additional brush guides have to be installed.
  • the housing combines with the brush guide, the inclusion of suppressor chokes, etc. integratively the functions of a brush holder in an advantageous manner.
  • the housing can be closed at one end and contain a bearing holder, as a result of which it advantageously integrally combines the functions of a bearing plate.
  • the housing offers advantages during assembly because the brush and / or suppressor choke, etc. need only be installed when the armature with its shaft is arranged in the housing.
  • Figure 2 shows a housing designed according to the invention with assembled functional elements
  • Figure 3 shows a partial section with a roller spring
  • FIG. 1 shows a housing 1 designed according to the invention in an exploded view.
  • the housing 1 can be a housing of an electrical machine, e.g. an electric motor or an electric generator.
  • the housing 1 has, for example, a hollow cylindrical shape and, for example, converges inwards in a conical shape at an axial end in a radial direction 31.
  • the housing 1 also has brackets 40, for example, with which it is suspended in another housing.
  • At least one functional element 3 for an electric motor can be attached to the housing 1 from the outside. From the outside means that the functional elements 3 can be installed when the housing 1 and an armature of the electrical machine inserted into the housing 1 have already been assembled.
  • the functional elements 3 can be mounted on an outer lateral surface 38 of the housing 1.
  • the housing 1 has, for example, at least one receptacle 12, for example in the form of a pocket, for a functional element 3 in which it is mounted and / or guided and / or fastened.
  • a bearing receptacle 6 into which a bearing 9 can be mounted from the outside but also from the inside.
  • the bearing 9 can be fastened to the housing 1 by means of a bearing fastening 10, for example in the form of a clamping ring.
  • the bearing receptacle 6 and mounting or fastening 10 can also be in one piece with the housing 1, as is shown, for example, in EP 703 655 AI.
  • the housing 1 has at least one brush guide 16 as a receptacle 12, into which a brush 15, as a functional element 3, can be inserted from the outside in at least partial radial direction 31 and can be displaced obliquely or perpendicular to the axial direction 30 ,
  • the brush 15 is guided through the brush guide 16 and rests on a commutator of an electrical machine, which is arranged within the housing 1.
  • At least one electrical interference suppression coil 18 is also present, for example, as functional elements 3.
  • the coils 18 are also held on the outside in a receptacle 12.
  • the coil 18 is electrically connected to at least one brush 15 via electrical connections.
  • the connecting element 21 has a clamping slot into which an electrical connection of a coil 18 and a brush power supply are clamped together and can thus be electrically connected to one another.
  • a spring 33 is also mounted on or in the housing 1, which presses the brush 15 against the commutator 43 (FIG. 3).
  • a speed detection element such as a Hall sensor can also be mounted on the housing 1 from the outside.
  • the housing 1 can thus integrate the function of a bearing plate 24 and / or a brush holder 27 into itself.
  • the housing 1 can be injection molded entirely from plastic. Part of the housing 1 can also form a magnetic yoke element or a pole housing for the electric motor.
  • the housing 1 is made of an electrically conductive material, such as a metal, the receptacles 12 are electrically insulated from the housing 1. This can be done, for example, by mounting receptacles 12 made of plastic on the housing 1, or injection molding plastic receptacles onto the housing 1.
  • the housing 1 can also consist of a mixture. Plastic and a magnetically conductive material can be injected so that it serves as a magnetic yoke element. Electrically insulated receptacles 12 can also be injection molded onto the housing 1 in this case.
  • FIG. 2 shows a housing 1 according to the invention with mounted functional elements 3. Two external electrical connections 36 are shown in FIG.
  • Figure 3 shows the spring 33 in the form of a roller spring formed in the housing 1, in a radial cross section along the line III-III of Figure 2.
  • the brush 16 is pressed by the spring 33 against the commutator 43 of an electrical machine.
  • the roller spring 33 is rolled up circularly in the relaxed state. At one end 46 of the scroll spring 33, it has, for example, a V-shape 49.
  • the commutator 43 rotates in an inner opening 52 of the housing 1.
  • the housing 1 has a projection 55 near the opening 52, which extends from the opening 52 approximately in a radial direction 70 along the brush guide 16. This projection 55 forms an undercut 50 with a facing wall 61 of the brush guide 16, in which the V-shape 49 of the spring 33 clamps.
  • the spring 33 is fastened in this way, it is rolled up further until the brush 15 can be pushed into the brush guide 16.
  • the brush 15 has at one end facing away from the commutator 43 a bevel 58 to which the circular.
  • Part of the still rolled up coil spring 33 is applied under tension.
  • the brush 15 is pressed by the spring 33 against a second wall 64 of the brush guide 16 and against the commutator 43.
  • the wall 61 of the brush guide 16 opposite the second wall 64 has a curved shape which is approximately matched to the shape of the spring 33 between the V-shape 49 and the rolled-up part.
  • the brush 15 is guided through the second wall 64 and a section 67 which is formed on the projection 55.
  • the spring 33 designed as a roller spring can generate an almost constant force in spite of the brush length becoming worn.
  • the length of the brush guide 16 in the radial direction 70 can be better utilized, since the spring 33 designed as a roller spring takes up less axial installation space in the housing than a spiral spring.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

Functional elements are difficult to mount on a housing according to prior art on which at least one functional element for an electric motor is arranged. The inventive housing (1) is embodied in such a way that the functional elements (3, 15, 18, 21) to be mounted thereon can be externally applied thereto (1).

Description

Gehäuse mit zumindest einem Funktionselement einer elektrischen Maschine Housing with at least one functional element of an electrical machine
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Gehäuse nach der Gattung des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a housing according to the preamble of claim 1.
Aus der DE 198 33 802 AI ist ein Elektromotor bekannt, der ein Gehäuse aufweist, wobei das Gehäuse Elemente des Elektromotors wie Bürsten, Bürstenhalterung, Lager, Lageraufnahme aufweist. Die Montage dieser Elemente ist sehr aufwendig. So müssen bspw. bei einem Einbau eines Ankers mit einem Kommutator in das Gehäuse die Bürsten in ihre Bürstenhalterung zurückgeschoben werden. Eine Montage der Bürsten nach Montage des Kommutators ist nicht möglich.From DE 198 33 802 AI an electric motor is known which has a housing, the housing having elements of the electric motor such as brushes, brush holder, bearing, bearing holder. The assembly of these elements is very complex. For example, when installing an armature with a commutator in the housing, the brushes have to be pushed back into their brush holder. It is not possible to assemble the brushes after assembling the commutator.
Aus der DE 199 26 171 AI ist ein elektrischer Antrieb bekannt, der ein Getriebegehäuse mit einer Lageraufnahme und mit einem Bürstenhalter für einen Elektromotor aufweist. Die Montage für diese Elemente ist ebenfalls sehr aufwendig.From DE 199 26 171 AI an electric drive is known which has a gear housing with a bearing holder and with a brush holder for an electric motor. The assembly for these elements is also very complex.
Die US-PS 5,661,357 zeigt ein Gehäuse, das eine Lageraufnahme und -halterung für ein Lager eines Elektromotors aufweist, das einteilig mit dem Gehäuse ist. Die EP 0 911 949 AI zeigt eine Steckvorrichtung mit elektrischen Stromzuführungen für einen Elektromotor, die an ein Getriebegehäuse montiert wird.US Pat. No. 5,661,357 shows a housing which has a bearing receptacle and holder for a bearing of an electric motor, which is integral with the housing. EP 0 911 949 AI shows a plug-in device with electrical power supplies for an electric motor, which is mounted on a gear housing.
Die EP 0 739 077 Bl zeigt einen Bürstenhalter mit Bürsten, der in axialer Richtung an ein Elektromotorgehäuse montiert wird.EP 0 739 077 B1 shows a brush holder with brushes which is mounted on an electric motor housing in the axial direction.
Die WO 97/43819 zeigt einen elektrischen Antrieb, bei dem ein Stecker mit elektrischen Leitungen von aussen an ein Gehäuse montiert wird.WO 97/43819 shows an electrical drive in which a plug with electrical lines is mounted on the outside of a housing.
Die DE 43 37 390 AI zeigt eine elektrische Antriebseinheit, bei der der Bürstenhalter zusammen mit den Bürsten von aussen an ein Gehäuse montiert wird.DE 43 37 390 AI shows an electric drive unit in which the brush holder is mounted together with the brushes from the outside on a housing.
Vorteile ■ der ErfindungAdvantages ■ of the invention
Das erfindungsgemässe Gehäuse mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, dass auf einfache Art und Weise die Montage von Funktionselementen an das Gehäuse vereinfacht ist.The housing according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that the assembly of functional elements on the housing is simplified in a simple manner.
Durch die in den abhängigen Ansprüchen aufgeführten Massnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Anspruch 1 genannten Gehäuses möglich.The measures listed in the dependent claims allow advantageous developments and improvements of the housing mentioned in claim 1.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn das Gehäuse eine Lageraufnahme aufweist, in die ein Lager für eine Welle eines Ankers einer elektrischen Maschine vorteilhafterweise von aussen montiert werden kann, weil dadurch die Montage vereinfacht ist. Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das Gehäuse zumindest eine Aufnahme für die Funktionselemente aufweist, in der diese gelagert und/oder gehalten werden können.It is advantageous if the housing has a bearing receptacle in which a bearing for a shaft of an armature of an electrical machine can advantageously be mounted from the outside, because this simplifies the assembly. It is also advantageous if the housing has at least one receptacle for the functional elements in which they can be stored and / or held.
Vorteilhafterweise können als Funktionselemente zumindest ein Drehzahlerfassungselement einer elektrischen Maschine, elektrische Leiterbahnen oder zumindest eine elektrische Entstörspule von aussen an das Gehäuse angebracht werden.At least one speed detection element of an electrical machine, electrical conductor tracks or at least one electrical interference suppression coil can advantageously be attached to the housing from the outside as functional elements.
Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn die Lageraufnahme und -halterung einteilig mit dem Gehäuse ist, weil dadurch zusätzliche Befestigungselemente für die Befestigung des Lagers entfallen.It is advantageous if the bearing receptacle and bracket are in one piece with the housing, because this eliminates the need for additional fastening elements for fastening the bearing.
Durch diese Ausgestaltung des Gehäuses wird auf vorteilhafte Weise ein Bürstenhalter und/oder ein Lagerschild in das Gehäuse integriert. Dies erspart die Montagekosten und - zeiten von einem Bürstenhalter oder einem Lagerschild an ein Gehäuse.This configuration of the housing advantageously integrates a brush holder and / or a bearing plate into the housing. This saves the assembly costs and times from a brush holder or a bearing plate to a housing.
Das Gehäuse kann auf vorteilhafte Weise ein magnetisches Rückschlusselement für einen Elektromotor bilden.The housing can advantageously form a magnetic yoke element for an electric motor.
Wenn das Gehäuse elektrisch oder magnetisch leitend ist, ist es vorteilhaft, die Aufnahme elektrisch vom Gehäuse zu isolieren.If the housing is electrically or magnetically conductive, it is advantageous to electrically isolate the receptacle from the housing.
Für die elektrischen Verbindungen von den Funktionselementen untereinander ist es vorteilhaft, wenn in das Gehäuse elektrische Leiterbahnen eingespritzt sind.For the electrical connections of the functional elements to one another, it is advantageous if electrical conductor tracks are injected into the housing.
Das Gehäuse kann vorteilhafterweise Teil eines elektrischen Antriebs sein, wie z.B. einteilig mit einem Getriebegehäuse, wodurch die Anzahl der zu montierenden Teile reduziert ist. Das Gehäuse weist vorteilhafterweise Durchführungen für die Bürsten auf, wodurch keine zusätzlichen Bürstenführungen montiert werden müssen.The housing can advantageously be part of an electric drive, such as, for example, in one piece with a gear housing, as a result of which the number of parts to be assembled is reduced. The housing advantageously has bushings for the brushes, as a result of which no additional brush guides have to be installed.
Das Gehäuse vereint mit der Bürstenführung, der Aufnahme von Entstördrosseln, usw. auf vorteilhafte Weise integrativ die Funktionen eines Bürstenhalters .The housing combines with the brush guide, the inclusion of suppressor chokes, etc. integratively the functions of a brush holder in an advantageous manner.
Das Gehäuse kann an einem Ende verschlossen sein und eine Lageraufnahme beinhalten, wodurch es vorteilhafterweise integrativ die Funktionen eines Lagerschilds vereint.The housing can be closed at one end and contain a bearing holder, as a result of which it advantageously integrally combines the functions of a bearing plate.
Das Gehäuse bietet Vorteile bei der Montage, weil die Bürste und/oder Entstördrossel usw. erst montiert werden müssen, wenn der Anker mit seiner Welle im Gehäuse angeordnet ist.The housing offers advantages during assembly because the brush and / or suppressor choke, etc. need only be installed when the armature with its shaft is arranged in the housing.
Zeichnungdrawing
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description.
Es zeigenShow it
Figur 1 ein erfindungsgemässes Gehäuse mit1 shows a housing according to the invention
Funktionselementen in Explosionsdarstellung, undExploded functional elements, and
Figur 2 ein erfindungsgemäss ausgebildetes Gehäuse mit montierten Funktionselementen, undFigure 2 shows a housing designed according to the invention with assembled functional elements, and
Figur 3 einen Teilausschnitt mit einer Rollfeder, die eineFigure 3 shows a partial section with a roller spring, the one
Bürste an einen Kommutator drückt. Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsBrush presses against a commutator. Description of the embodiment
Figur 1 zeigt ein erfindungsgemäss ausgebildetes Gehäuse 1 in Explosionsdarstellung. Das Gehäuse 1 kann ein Gehäuse einer elektrischen Maschine, wie z.B. ein elektrischer Motor oder ein elektrischer Generator, sein.FIG. 1 shows a housing 1 designed according to the invention in an exploded view. The housing 1 can be a housing of an electrical machine, e.g. an electric motor or an electric generator.
Das Gehäuse 1 hat bspw. eine hohlzylindrische Form und läuft bspw. an einem axialen Ende in einer radialen Richtung 31 bspw. kegelförmig nach innen zusammen.The housing 1 has, for example, a hollow cylindrical shape and, for example, converges inwards in a conical shape at an axial end in a radial direction 31.
Das Gehäuse 1 weist bspw. weiterhin Halterungen 40 auf, mit denen es in einem anderen Gehäuse aufgehängt ist.The housing 1 also has brackets 40, for example, with which it is suspended in another housing.
An das Gehäuse 1 ist .von aussen zumindest ein Funktionselement 3 für einen Elektromotor anbringbar. Von aussen bedeutet, dass die Funktionselemente 3 montiert werden können, wenn das Gehäuse 1 und ein in das Gehäuse 1 eingeführter Anker der elektrischen Maschine schon zusammengebaut sind.At least one functional element 3 for an electric motor can be attached to the housing 1 from the outside. From the outside means that the functional elements 3 can be installed when the housing 1 and an armature of the electrical machine inserted into the housing 1 have already been assembled.
Insbesondere sind die Funktionselemente 3 an eine äussere Mantelfläche 38 des Gehäuses 1 montierbar.In particular, the functional elements 3 can be mounted on an outer lateral surface 38 of the housing 1.
Das Gehäuse 1 weist bspw. zumindest eine Aufnahme 12, beispielsweise taschenförmig ausgebildet, für ein Funktionselement 3 auf, in der dieses gelagert und/oder geführt und/oder befestigt ist. An einem axialen Ende des Gehäuses 1 ist eine Lageraufnahme 6 vorhanden, in die ein Lager 9 von aussen aber auch von innen montiert werden kann. Das Lager 9 kann durch eine Lagerbefestigung 10, z.B. in Form eines Klemmringes, an dem Gehäuse 1 befestigt werden. Die Lageraufnahme 6 und -halterung oder -befestigung 10 kann auch mit dem Gehäuse 1 einteilig sein, wie es z.B. in der EP 703 655 AI gezeigt ist. Eine Axialrichtung 30, beispielsweise eine Rotationsachse eines Ankers der elektrischen Maschine, die in dem Gehäuse 1 angeordnet ist, bildet eine Mittelachse für das Gehäuse 1. Bspw. senkrecht zu der Axialrichtung 30 weist das Gehäuse 1 als eine Aufnahme 12 zumindest eine Bürstenführung 16 auf, in die eine Bürste 15, als ein Funktionselement 3, von aussen in zumindest teilweiser radialer Richtung 31 eingeführt werden kann und schräg oder senkrecht zur Axialrichtung 30 verschiebbar ist. Die Bürste 15 wird durch die Bürstenführung 16 geführt und liegt auf einem Kommutator einer elektrischen Maschine auf, der innerhalb des Gehäuses 1 angeordnet ist.The housing 1 has, for example, at least one receptacle 12, for example in the form of a pocket, for a functional element 3 in which it is mounted and / or guided and / or fastened. At one axial end of the housing 1 there is a bearing receptacle 6, into which a bearing 9 can be mounted from the outside but also from the inside. The bearing 9 can be fastened to the housing 1 by means of a bearing fastening 10, for example in the form of a clamping ring. The bearing receptacle 6 and mounting or fastening 10 can also be in one piece with the housing 1, as is shown, for example, in EP 703 655 AI. An axial direction 30, for example an axis of rotation of an armature of the electrical machine, which is arranged in the housing 1, forms a central axis for the housing 1. perpendicular to the axial direction 30, the housing 1 has at least one brush guide 16 as a receptacle 12, into which a brush 15, as a functional element 3, can be inserted from the outside in at least partial radial direction 31 and can be displaced obliquely or perpendicular to the axial direction 30 , The brush 15 is guided through the brush guide 16 and rests on a commutator of an electrical machine, which is arranged within the housing 1.
Als Funktionselemente 3 sind weiterhin bspw. zumindest eine, elektrische Entstörspule 18 vorhanden. Die Spulen 18 werden ebenfalls aussen in einer Aufnahme 12 gehalten. Die Spule 18 wird über elektrische Anschlüsse elektrisch mit zumindest einer Bürste 15 verbunden.At least one electrical interference suppression coil 18 is also present, for example, as functional elements 3. The coils 18 are also held on the outside in a receptacle 12. The coil 18 is electrically connected to at least one brush 15 via electrical connections.
Zur Halterung oder zur elektrischen Verbindung von Funktionselementen 3 untereinander dient ein Verbindungselement 21, das ebenfalls in eine Aufnahme 12, die beispielsweise als Klemmaufnahme ausgebildet ist, des Gehäuses 1 einsteckbar ist. Das Verbindungselement 21 weist einen Klemmschlitz auf, in den ein elektrischer Anschluss einer Spule 18 und einer Bürstenstromzuführung zusammen eingeklemmt werden und so elektrisch miteinander verbunden werden können.A connecting element 21, which can also be inserted into a receptacle 12, which is designed, for example, as a clamp receptacle, of the housing 1, serves for holding or for the electrical connection of functional elements 3 to one another. The connecting element 21 has a clamping slot into which an electrical connection of a coil 18 and a brush power supply are clamped together and can thus be electrically connected to one another.
Ebenfalls wird an oder in das Gehäuse 1 eine Feder 33 montiert, die die Bürste 15 an den Kommutator 43 (Fig. 3) drückt.A spring 33 is also mounted on or in the housing 1, which presses the brush 15 against the commutator 43 (FIG. 3).
Ein Drehzahlerfassungselement, wie z.B. ein Hall-Sensor, kann ebenfalls an das Gehäuse 1 von aussen montiert werden.A speed detection element, such as a Hall sensor can also be mounted on the housing 1 from the outside.
Das Gehäuse 1 kann somit die Funktion eines Lagerschildes 24 und/oder eines Bürstenhalters 27 in sich integrieren. Das Gehäuse 1 kann ganz aus Kunststoff gespritzt sein. Ein Teil des Gehäuses 1 kann auch ein magnetisches Rückschlusselement oder ein Polgehäuse für den Elektromotor bilden. Wenn das Gehäuse 1 aus einem elektrisch leitenden Material ist, wie z.B. einem Metall, so sind die Aufnahmen 12 elektrisch von dem Gehäuse 1 isoliert. Dies kann beispielsweise dadurch erfolgen, dass aus Kunststoff bestehende Aufnahmen 12 an das Gehäuse 1 montiert werden, oder Aufnahmen aus Kunststoff an das Gehäuse 1 angespritzt werden. Das Gehäuse 1 kann auch aus einem Gemisch aus . Kunststoff und einem magnetisch leitenden Material gespritzt sein, so dass es als magnetisches Rückschlusselement dient. Elektrisch isolierte Aufnahmen 12 können auch in diesem Fall, an das Gehäuse 1 angespritzt sein.The housing 1 can thus integrate the function of a bearing plate 24 and / or a brush holder 27 into itself. The housing 1 can be injection molded entirely from plastic. Part of the housing 1 can also form a magnetic yoke element or a pole housing for the electric motor. If the housing 1 is made of an electrically conductive material, such as a metal, the receptacles 12 are electrically insulated from the housing 1. This can be done, for example, by mounting receptacles 12 made of plastic on the housing 1, or injection molding plastic receptacles onto the housing 1. The housing 1 can also consist of a mixture. Plastic and a magnetically conductive material can be injected so that it serves as a magnetic yoke element. Electrically insulated receptacles 12 can also be injection molded onto the housing 1 in this case.
Zur elektrischen Verbindung von Funktionselementen 3, 15, 18 können in dem Gehäuse 1 elektrische • Leiterbahnen (nicht gezeigt) eingespritzt sein.For the electrical connection of functional elements 3, 15, 18, electrical conductor tracks (not shown) can be injected into the housing 1.
Figur 2 zeigt ein erfindungsgemässes Gehäuse 1 mit montierten Funktionselementen 3. In Figur 2 sind zwei äussere elektrische Anschlüsse 36 gezeigt, durch die ein elektrischer Strom über die Spulen 18, die Bürsten 15 und den Kommutator auf eine Wicklung des Ankers der elektrischen Maschine fHessen kann.FIG. 2 shows a housing 1 according to the invention with mounted functional elements 3. Two external electrical connections 36 are shown in FIG.
Figur 3 zeigt die Feder 33 in Form einer Rollfeder ausgebildet in dem Gehäuse 1, in einem radialen Querschnitt entlang der Linie III-III der Figur 2. Die Bürste 16 wird durch die Feder 33 an den Kommutator 43 einer elektrischen Maschine angedrückt.Figure 3 shows the spring 33 in the form of a roller spring formed in the housing 1, in a radial cross section along the line III-III of Figure 2. The brush 16 is pressed by the spring 33 against the commutator 43 of an electrical machine.
Die Rollfeder 33 ist im entspannten Zustand kreisförmig aufgerollt. An einem Ende 46 der Rollfeder 33 weist sie bspw. eine V-Form 49 auf. In einer Innenöffnung 52 des Gehäuses 1 dreht sich der Kommutator 43. Das Gehäuse 1 hat nahe der Öffnung 52 einen Vorsprung 55, der sich ausgehend von der Öffnung 52 etwa in einer radialen Richtung 70 entlang der Bürstenführung 16 erstreckt. Dieser Vorsprung 55 bildet einen Hinterschnitt 50 mit einer zugewandten Wandung 61 der Bürstenführung 16, in dem sich die V-Form 49 der Feder 33 festklemmt. Wenn die Feder 33 so befestigt ist, wird sie weiter aufgerollt, bis die Bürste 15 in die Bürstenführung 16 eingeschoben werden kann. Die Bürste 15 hat an einem dem Kommutator 43 abgewandten Ende eine Schräge 58, an die der kreisförmige . Teil der noch aufgerollten Rollfeder 33 unter Spannung angelegt wird. Die Bürste 15 wird durch die Feder 33 an eine zweite Wandung 64 der Bürstenführung 16 und an den Kommutator 43 angedrückt. Die der zweiten Wandung 64 gegenüberliegende Wandung 61 der Bürstenführung 16 hat eine gebogene Form, die in etwa der Form der Feder 33 zwischen V- Form 49 und aufgerolltem Teil angepasst ist. Die Bürste 15 wird durch die zweite Wandung 64 und ein Teilstück 67, das am Vorsprung 55 ausgebildet ist, geführt. Die als Rollfeder ausgebildete Feder 33 kann im Gegensatz zu einer Spiralfeder eine nahezu konstante Kraft trotz sich abnutzender Bürstenlänge erzeugen. Ebenso kann die Länge der Bürstenführung 16 in radialer Richtung 70 besser ausgenutzt werden, da die als Rollfeder ausgebildete Feder 33 weniger axialen Bauraum im Gehäuse beansprucht als eine Spiralfeder. The roller spring 33 is rolled up circularly in the relaxed state. At one end 46 of the scroll spring 33, it has, for example, a V-shape 49. The commutator 43 rotates in an inner opening 52 of the housing 1. The housing 1 has a projection 55 near the opening 52, which extends from the opening 52 approximately in a radial direction 70 along the brush guide 16. This projection 55 forms an undercut 50 with a facing wall 61 of the brush guide 16, in which the V-shape 49 of the spring 33 clamps. When the spring 33 is fastened in this way, it is rolled up further until the brush 15 can be pushed into the brush guide 16. The brush 15 has at one end facing away from the commutator 43 a bevel 58 to which the circular. Part of the still rolled up coil spring 33 is applied under tension. The brush 15 is pressed by the spring 33 against a second wall 64 of the brush guide 16 and against the commutator 43. The wall 61 of the brush guide 16 opposite the second wall 64 has a curved shape which is approximately matched to the shape of the spring 33 between the V-shape 49 and the rolled-up part. The brush 15 is guided through the second wall 64 and a section 67 which is formed on the projection 55. In contrast to a spiral spring, the spring 33 designed as a roller spring can generate an almost constant force in spite of the brush length becoming worn. Likewise, the length of the brush guide 16 in the radial direction 70 can be better utilized, since the spring 33 designed as a roller spring takes up less axial installation space in the housing than a spiral spring.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Gehäuse, insbesondere für eine elektrische Maschine, an dem zumindest ein elektrisches Funktionselement, durch das ein elektrischer Strom fliesst, angeordnet ist, wobei das zumindest eine Funktionselement von aussen am Gehäuse anbringbar ist,1. Housing, in particular for an electrical machine, on which at least one electrical functional element through which an electric current flows is arranged, the at least one functional element being attachable to the housing from the outside,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dasscharacterized in that
das zumindest eine Funktionselement (3) eine Bürste (15) für einen Kommutator der elektrischen Maschine ist .the at least one functional element (3) is a brush (15) for a commutator of the electrical machine.
2. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass2. Housing according to claim 1, characterized in that
das Gehäuse (1) zumindest eine Aufnahme (12) für das zumindest eine Funktionselemente (3) aufweist. the housing (1) has at least one receptacle (12) for the at least one functional element (3).
3. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass3. Housing according to claim 1, characterized in that
das Gehäuse (1) zumindest eine Lageraufnahme (6) für ein Lager (9) hat.the housing (1) has at least one bearing seat (6) for a bearing (9).
4. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 3 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass4. Housing according to claim 3, characterized in that
zumindest ein Lager (9) von aussen in die Lageraufnahme (6) montierbar ist.at least one bearing (9) can be fitted from the outside into the bearing holder (6).
5. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass5. Housing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that
das zumindest eine Funktionselement (3) eine elektrische Entstörspule (18) ist.the at least one functional element (3) is an electrical interference suppression coil (18).
6. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 2 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass6. Housing according to claim 2, characterized in that
das Gehäuse (1) als eine Aufnahme (12) zumindest eine Bürstenführung (16) aufweist.the housing (1) has at least one brush guide (16) as a receptacle (12).
7. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass7. Housing according to claim 1, characterized in that
das Gehäuse (1) Teil einer elektrischen Antriebseinheit ist, the housing (1) is part of an electrical drive unit,
8. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 3 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass8. Housing according to claim 3, characterized in that
die Lageraufnahme (6) einteilig mit dem Gehäuse (1) ist.the bearing holder (6) is in one piece with the housing (1).
9. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 3 , dadurch gekennzeichnet,9. Housing according to claim 3, characterized in
dass das Gehäuse (1) eine Lagerhalterung aufweist, und dass die Lageraufnahme (6) und -halterung einteilig mit dem Gehäuse (1) ist.that the housing (1) has a bearing holder, and that the bearing receptacle (6) and holder is in one piece with the housing (1).
10. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass10. Housing according to claim 1, characterized in that
an dem Gehäuse (1) ein Bürstenhalter (27) integriert ist.a brush holder (27) is integrated on the housing (1).
11. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass11. Housing according to claim 1, characterized in that
an dem Gehäuse (1) ein Lagerschild (24) integriert ist.a bearing plate (24) is integrated on the housing (1).
12. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass12. Housing according to claim 1, characterized in that
das Gehäuse (1) ein magnetisches Rückschlusselement oder ein Polgehäuse für einen elektrische Motor bildet. the housing (1) forms a magnetic yoke element or a pole housing for an electric motor.
13. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass13. Housing according to claim 2, characterized in that
die zumindest eine Aufnahme (12) elektrisch vom Gehäuse (1) isoliert ist.the at least one receptacle (12) is electrically insulated from the housing (1).
14. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass14. Housing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that
in das Gehäuse (1) als Funktionselement (3) elektrische Leiterbahnen eingelegt oder eingespritzt sind.electrical conductor tracks are inserted or injected into the housing (1) as a functional element (3).
15. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass15. Housing according to claim 1, characterized in that
zumindest ein Funktionselement (3) montierbar ist, wenn das Gehäuse (1) und ein Anker der elektrischen Maschine zusammengebaut sind.at least one functional element (3) can be mounted if the housing (1) and an armature of the electrical machine are assembled.
16. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass16. Housing according to claim 1, characterized in that
das Funktionselement (3) von aussen an einer Mantelfläche (38) des Gehäuses (1) montierbar ist. the functional element (3) can be mounted from the outside on a lateral surface (38) of the housing (1).
17. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass17. Housing according to claim 11, characterized in that
das Funktionselement (3) von aussen an einem Lagerschild (24] des Gehäuses (1) montierbar ist.the functional element (3) can be mounted from the outside on a bearing plate (24) of the housing (1).
18. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass18. Housing according to claim 7, characterized in that
das Funktionselement (3) auf einer einem Getriebe der Antriebseinheit abgewandten Seite des Gehäuses (3) montierbar ist.the functional element (3) can be mounted on a side of the housing (3) facing away from a transmission of the drive unit.
19. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass19. Housing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that
das Funktionselement (3) zumindest teilweise in einer radialen Richtung (31) montierbar ist.the functional element (3) can be mounted at least partially in a radial direction (31).
20. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass20. Housing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that
zumindest ein Drehzahlerfassungselement für eine elektrische Maschine von aussen an das Gehäuse (1) montierbar ist. at least one speed detection element for an electrical machine can be mounted on the housing (1) from the outside.
1. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass1. Housing according to claim 1, characterized in that
eine Rollfeder (33) die Bürste (15) an den Kommutator drückt, a roller spring (33) presses the brush (15) against the commutator,
EP02704612A 2001-04-12 2002-01-29 Housing comprising at least one functional element of an electrical machine Withdrawn EP1380092A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10118275A DE10118275A1 (en) 2001-04-12 2001-04-12 Housing with at least one functional element of an electrical machine
DE10118275 2001-04-12
PCT/DE2002/000282 WO2002084847A1 (en) 2001-04-12 2002-01-29 Housing comprising at least one functional element of an electrical machine

Publications (1)

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EP1380092A1 true EP1380092A1 (en) 2004-01-14

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US (1) US7038344B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1380092A1 (en)
KR (1) KR100876070B1 (en)
DE (1) DE10118275A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002084847A1 (en)

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KR20040002903A (en) 2004-01-07
US20040169435A1 (en) 2004-09-02
US7038344B2 (en) 2006-05-02
WO2002084847A1 (en) 2002-10-24
KR100876070B1 (en) 2008-12-26

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