EP1368987B1 - Enclosure and audio-visual apparatus comprising same - Google Patents

Enclosure and audio-visual apparatus comprising same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1368987B1
EP1368987B1 EP02700340A EP02700340A EP1368987B1 EP 1368987 B1 EP1368987 B1 EP 1368987B1 EP 02700340 A EP02700340 A EP 02700340A EP 02700340 A EP02700340 A EP 02700340A EP 1368987 B1 EP1368987 B1 EP 1368987B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vent
bass
reflex
enclosure
box
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP02700340A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1368987A1 (en
Inventor
Gilles Bourgoin
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THOMSON LICENSING
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Thomson Licensing SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2815—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type
    • H04R1/2823—Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material
    • H04R1/2826—Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material for loudspeaker transducers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to loudspeakers and audiovisual apparatus comprising such an enclosure.
  • a vent acoustic speaker comprising at least one electro-acoustic transducer, such as a speaker, mounted in a box.
  • a speaker is generally called bass-reflex enclosure or ventilated enclosure.
  • the assembly constituted by the volume of the box and the vent reacts to the vibratory excitations of the loudspeaker as an oscillating system (Helmholtz resonator), with a resonant frequency F 0 called resonance frequency of the bass-reflex.
  • Helmholtz resonator oscillating system
  • F 0 resonant frequency of the bass-reflex
  • bass-reflex speaker is particularly known in audiovisual devices, such as televisions, as described for example in the utility model JP 63-183 788.
  • Patent Applications US-5,659,155, FR-A-2,403,706 and DE-A-2 727,975 also disclose loudspeakers with vents according to the preamble of claim 1. These speakers however do not include attenuation means at the resonant frequency Fo.
  • the vent includes attenuation means at the resonance frequency of the bass reflex.
  • the invention also proposes an audiovisual apparatus which comprises a display device and such a speaker.
  • the speaker 2 shown in Figure 2 has four speakers 4 mounted on the front face 6 of a parallelepipedic box 8 of which the walls are made of wood.
  • the speakers 4 are aligned on the face before 6 of the box 8 in a general direction Y.
  • the box has an upper face 10 and a lower face 12 parallel to each other and each perpendicular to the Y direction.
  • the box also includes a rear face 7 parallel to the front face and two lateral faces 14.
  • the speakers are of type Odyssey 1 with suspension in foam.
  • the dimensions of the box 8 in the example studied are the following: height 250 mm (between upper face 10 and lower face 12); width 43 mm (between lateral faces 14); depth 55 mm (between face front 6 and back 7).
  • the chamber 2 also comprises a vent 16 consisting of a rectangular opening 18 in the front face 6 as well as a plate upper 20 and a lower plate 22 parallel to the upper faces 10 and lower 12.
  • the opening 18 is not necessarily rectangular; it could alternatively be oblong.
  • the lower plates 22 and 20 do not extend over the entire depth of the well 8 (that is, their area is less than that of the lower faces 12 and 10). In the example, she extend over 40 mm. Of course, alternatively, the plates may have different lengths from each other. They are not necessarily rectangular or perfectly flat.
  • the lower plates 22 and 20 are spaced 5 mm and thus define between them a volume of vent which opens on the one hand on the outside of the box 8 through the opening 18 and secondly on the inside of the box.
  • the lower plates 22 and 20 extend over the entire width of the front face so that the vent volume is also delimited by the lateral faces 14.
  • Such an assembly constitutes a bass-reflex chamber 2 having a resonance frequency F 0 of 155 Hz.
  • the lower plates 22 and upper 20 each have a inferior rigidity to the walls of the box 8.
  • the plates 20, 22 are made of PS - HI (high impact polystyrene) with a thickness of 0.17 mm.
  • These plates 20, 22 behave like vibrating flexible plates and are designed so that their mechanical resonance frequency F M is close to the resonance frequency F 0 of the bass-reflex enclosure 2.
  • the plates 20, 22 have a mechanical resonance frequency F M of 153 Hz.
  • the plates 20, 22 attenuate and limit the influence of the vent around the resonance frequency of the bass -reflex F 0 , without changing its value, absorbing in part the vibrations whose frequency is close to the mechanical resonance frequency F M.
  • the bass-reflex loudspeaker 2 therefore has an acoustic response (bold continuous line) improved in low frequency compared to a box without a vent (dotted line), without, however, presenting the resonance peak that is too sharp.
  • a classic bass - reflex speaker tilt continuous line
  • only one of the plates can be made with a lower rigidity to the walls of the box 8, the other plate being for example made identically to the walls of the box.
  • the dimensioning of the lower stiffness plate will then be designed so that the vent constitutes a mechanical system having a mechanical resonance frequency F M close to the resonance frequency of the bass reflex F 0 and thus provides a means of attenuation around the resonance frequency of the bass-reflex, and thus in particular the resonance frequency of the bass-reflex.
  • the mechanical resonance frequency is very close to (substantially equal to) the resonance frequency of the bass reflex. It is important to note, however, that the invention is not limited to this specific case but consists in providing attenuation means which cover in particular the resonance frequency of the bass reflex.
  • the cut-off frequency at -3 dB can be considered close to the resonance frequency.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Description

La présente invention conceme les enceintes acoustiques et les appareils audiovisuels comportant une telle enceinte.The present invention relates to loudspeakers and audiovisual apparatus comprising such an enclosure.

Il est connu de pourvoir d'un évent une enceinte acoustique comportant au moins un transducteur électro-acoustique, tel qu'un haut-parleur, monté dans un caisson. Une telle enceinte est généralement dénommée enceinte bass-reflex ou enceinte ventilée. L'ensemble constitué par le volume du caisson et l'évent réagit aux excitations vibratoires du haut-parleur comme un système oscillant (résonateur de Helmholtz), avec une fréquence de résonance F0 dite fréquence de résonance du bass-reflex. La réponse fréquentielle de l'enceinte bass-reflex peut ainsi être adaptée à l'utilisation souhaitée.It is known to provide a vent acoustic speaker comprising at least one electro-acoustic transducer, such as a speaker, mounted in a box. Such a speaker is generally called bass-reflex enclosure or ventilated enclosure. The assembly constituted by the volume of the box and the vent reacts to the vibratory excitations of the loudspeaker as an oscillating system (Helmholtz resonator), with a resonant frequency F 0 called resonance frequency of the bass-reflex. The frequency response of the bass-reflex speaker can thus be adapted to the desired use.

L'utilisation d'une enceinte bass-reflex est notamment connue dans les appareils audiovisuels, tels que les téléviseurs, comme décrit par exemple dans le modèle d'utilité JP 63-183 788.The use of a bass-reflex speaker is particularly known in audiovisual devices, such as televisions, as described for example in the utility model JP 63-183 788.

Un exemple de réponses fréquentielles dans les cas d'une enceinte sans évent (trait pointillé) et avec évent (trait continu) est donné à la figure 1 où apparaít clairement le pic de résonance F0 dans le cas de l'enceinte avec évent.An example of frequency responses in the case of an enclosure without vent (dashed line) and with vent (continuous line) is given in Figure 1 which clearly shows the resonance peak F 0 in the case of the enclosure with vent.

Les demandes de brevets USA-5 659 155, FR-A-2 403 706 et DE-A-2 727 975 divulguent également des enceintes acoutisques avec event selon le préambule de la revendication 1. Ces enceintes ne comprennent cependant pas de moyens d'atténuations à la fréquence de résonance Fo.Patent Applications US-5,659,155, FR-A-2,403,706 and DE-A-2 727,975 also disclose loudspeakers with vents according to the preamble of claim 1. These speakers however do not include attenuation means at the resonant frequency Fo.

L'inventeur a remarqué que, dans certaines applications, notamment lorsqu'on utilise des haut-parleurs à suspension dure (en mousse ou papier par exemple), le pic de résonance pouvait être trop marqué alors qu'une réponse la plus plate possible est en général souhaitable.The inventor has noticed that in some applications, especially when using hard suspension speakers (foam or paper for example), the peak of resonance could be too marked then that a flatter response is generally desirable.

Afin d'améliorer la réponse acoustique de l'enceinte bass-reflex, l'inventeur propose ainsi que l'évent comporte des moyens d'atténuation à la fréquence de résonance du bass-reflex. In order to improve the acoustic response of the bass-reflex chamber, the inventor proposes that the vent includes attenuation means at the resonance frequency of the bass reflex.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses,

  • l'évent comporte au moins une plaque souple ;
  • l'évent comporte au moins une plaque dont la fréquence de résonance mécanique est proche de la résonance du bass-reflex ;
  • l'évent comporte au moins une plaque dont la fréquence de résonance mécanique est pratiquement égale à la résonance du bass-reflex ;
  • l'évent comporte deux plaques souples qui définissent un volume d'évent débouchant dans une ouverture du caisson ;
  • le transducteur électro-acoustique est un haut-parleur à suspension dure.
According to other advantageous characteristics,
  • the vent comprises at least one flexible plate;
  • the vent comprises at least one plate whose mechanical resonance frequency is close to the resonance of the bass reflex ;
  • the vent comprises at least one plate whose mechanical resonance frequency is substantially equal to the resonance of the bass reflex ;
  • the vent comprises two flexible plates which define a vent volume opening into an opening of the box;
  • the electro-acoustic transducer is a hard suspension speaker.

L'invention propose également un appareil audiovisuel qui comporte un dispositif d'affichage et une telle enceinte.The invention also proposes an audiovisual apparatus which comprises a display device and such a speaker.

La description qui suit sera faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente les réponses fréquentielles de systèmes connus, comme déjà expliqué ci-dessus ;
  • la figure 2 représente une enceinte acoustique réalisée conformément aux enseignements de l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 représente la réponse fréquentielle de l'enceinte acoustique de la figure 2 comparée aux réponses fréquentielles de la figure 1.
The description which follows will be made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 represents the frequency responses of known systems, as already explained above;
  • FIG. 2 represents an acoustic enclosure made in accordance with the teachings of the invention;
  • FIG. 3 represents the frequency response of the acoustic enclosure of FIG. 2 compared to the frequency responses of FIG. 1.

L'enceinte 2 représentée à la figure 2 comporte quatre haut-parleurs 4 montés sur la face avant 6 d'un caisson 8 parallélépipédique dont les parois sont réalisées en bois. Les haut-parleurs 4 sont alignés sur la face avant 6 du caisson 8 selon une direction générale Y. Le caisson possède une face supérieure 10 et une face inférieure 12 parallèles entre elles et chacune perpendiculaire à la direction Y. Le caisson comporte également une face arrière 7 parallèle à la face avant et deux faces latérales 14.The speaker 2 shown in Figure 2 has four speakers 4 mounted on the front face 6 of a parallelepipedic box 8 of which the walls are made of wood. The speakers 4 are aligned on the face before 6 of the box 8 in a general direction Y. The box has an upper face 10 and a lower face 12 parallel to each other and each perpendicular to the Y direction. The box also includes a rear face 7 parallel to the front face and two lateral faces 14.

Les haut-parleurs sont du type Odyssey 1 avec suspension en mousse.The speakers are of type Odyssey 1 with suspension in foam.

Les dimensions du caisson 8 dans l'exemple étudié sont les suivantes : hauteur 250 mm (entre face supérieure 10 et face inférieure 12) ; largeur 43 mm (entre faces latérales 14) ; profondeur 55 mm (entre face avant 6 et face arrière 7).The dimensions of the box 8 in the example studied are the following: height 250 mm (between upper face 10 and lower face 12); width 43 mm (between lateral faces 14); depth 55 mm (between face front 6 and back 7).

L'enceinte 2 comporte également un évent 16 constitué d'une ouverture 18 rectangulaire dans la face avant 6 ainsi que d'une plaque supérieure 20 et d'une plaque inférieure 22 parallèles aux faces supérieure 10 et inférieure 12. L'ouverture 18 n'est pas nécessairement rectangulaire ; elle pourrait en variante être oblongue.The chamber 2 also comprises a vent 16 consisting of a rectangular opening 18 in the front face 6 as well as a plate upper 20 and a lower plate 22 parallel to the upper faces 10 and lower 12. The opening 18 is not necessarily rectangular; it could alternatively be oblong.

Les plaques inférieure 22 et supérieure 20 ne s'étendent pas sur toute la profondeur du caisson 8 (c'est-à-dire que leur surface est inférieure à celle des faces inférieure 12 et supérieure 10). Dans l'exemple, elle s'étendent sur 40 mm. Bien sûr, en variante, les plaques peuvent avoir des longueurs différentes l'une de l'autre. Elles ne sont d'ailleurs pas nécessairement rectangulaires ni parfaitement planes. Les plaques inférieure 22 et supérieure 20 sont espacées de 5 mm et définissent ainsi entre elles un volume d'évent qui s'ouvre d'une part sur l'extérieur du caisson 8 à travers l'ouverture 18 et d'autre part sur l'intérieur du caisson.The lower plates 22 and 20 do not extend over the entire depth of the well 8 (that is, their area is less than that of the lower faces 12 and 10). In the example, she extend over 40 mm. Of course, alternatively, the plates may have different lengths from each other. They are not necessarily rectangular or perfectly flat. The lower plates 22 and 20 are spaced 5 mm and thus define between them a volume of vent which opens on the one hand on the outside of the box 8 through the opening 18 and secondly on the inside of the box.

Les plaques inférieure 22 et supérieure 20 s'étendent sur toute la largeur de la face avant de telle sorte que le volume d'évent est également délimité par les faces latérales 14.The lower plates 22 and 20 extend over the entire width of the front face so that the vent volume is also delimited by the lateral faces 14.

Un tel ensemble constitue une enceinte bass-reflex 2 ayant une fréquence de résonance F0 de 155 Hz.Such an assembly constitutes a bass-reflex chamber 2 having a resonance frequency F 0 of 155 Hz.

Les plaques inférieure 22 et supérieure 20 ont chacune une rigidité inférieure aux parois du caisson 8. Dans l'exemple étudié, les plaques 20, 22 sont réalisées en PS - HI (polystyrène choc) d'épaisseur 0,17 mm.The lower plates 22 and upper 20 each have a inferior rigidity to the walls of the box 8. In the example studied, the plates 20, 22 are made of PS - HI (high impact polystyrene) with a thickness of 0.17 mm.

Ces plaques 20, 22 se comportent comme des plaques souples vibrantes et sont conçues de telle sorte que leur fréquence de résonance mécanique FM soit proche de la fréquence de résonance F0 de l'enceinte bass-reflex 2. Dans l'exemple, les plaques 20, 22 ont une fréquence de résonance mécanique FM de 153 Hz.These plates 20, 22 behave like vibrating flexible plates and are designed so that their mechanical resonance frequency F M is close to the resonance frequency F 0 of the bass-reflex enclosure 2. In the example, the plates 20, 22 have a mechanical resonance frequency F M of 153 Hz.

Pour caractériser la souplesse d'une plaque rectangulaire, on considère la fréquence du premier mode propre de vibration de la même plaque encastrée en ses quatre cotés, fréquence qui est donnée par la relation théorique suivante : F v =35,992π · D · 3 a 4 + 2 a 2.b 2 + 3 b 4 8.ρ.h    où D est le facteur de raideur de la plaque défini comme suit : D = E.h 3 12.(1-µ2) ,    h l'épaisseur de la plaque, a et b les dimensions des cotés du rectangle formé par la plaque ; ρ la masse volumique, E le module d'Young et µ le coefficient de Poisson du matériau. Dans le cas du PS - HI, E = 2,1.109 N.m-2, µ = 0,3 , ρ = 1050 kg.m-3.To characterize the flexibility of a rectangular plate, we consider the frequency of the first eigenmode of vibration of the same plate embedded in its four sides, frequency which is given by the following theoretical relation: F v = 35.99 2π · D · 3 at 4 + 2 at 2 . b 2 + 3 b 4 8.ρ. h where D is the stiffness factor of the plate defined as follows: D = E . h 3 12. (1-μ 2 ) , h the thickness of the plate, a and b the dimensions of the sides of the rectangle formed by the plate; ρ the density, E the Young's modulus and μ the Poisson's ratio of the material. In the case of PS - HI, E = 2.1.10 9 Nm -2 , μ = 0.3, ρ = 1050 kg.m -3 .

Dans l'application considérée (enceinte acoustique, notamment pour dispositifs d'affichage), on considère que la plaque est souple pour des valeurs de fréquence du premier mode propre Fv inférieures à 800 Hz, de préférence inférieures à 500 Hz. Dans l'exemple décrit ici, Fv = 243 Hz.In the application considered (acoustic enclosure, in particular for display devices), it is considered that the plate is flexible for frequency values of the first clean mode F v less than 800 Hz, preferably less than 500 Hz. example described here, F v = 243 Hz.

En choisissant la résonance mécanique FM proche de (de préférence pratiquement égale à) la fréquence de résonance du bass-reflex, les plaques 20, 22 réalisent une atténuation et limitent l'influence de l'évent autour de la fréquence de résonance du bass-reflex F0, sans en changer la valeur, en absorbant en partie les vibrations dont la fréquence est proche de la fréquence de résonance mécanique FM.By choosing the mechanical resonance F M close to (preferably almost equal to) the resonance frequency of the bass reflex, the plates 20, 22 attenuate and limit the influence of the vent around the resonance frequency of the bass -reflex F 0 , without changing its value, absorbing in part the vibrations whose frequency is close to the mechanical resonance frequency F M.

Comme bien visible à la figure 3, l'enceinte bass-reflex 2 a donc une réponse acoustique (trait continu gras) améliorée en basse fréquence par rapport à un caisson sans évent (trait pointillé), sans toutefois présenter le pic de résonance trop pointu d'une enceinte bass-reflex classique (trait continu fin).As can be seen in FIG. 3, the bass-reflex loudspeaker 2 therefore has an acoustic response (bold continuous line) improved in low frequency compared to a box without a vent (dotted line), without, however, presenting the resonance peak that is too sharp. a classic bass - reflex speaker (thin continuous line).

En variante, seule une des plaques peut être réalisée avec une rigidité inférieure aux parois du caisson 8, l'autre plaque étant par exemple réalisée de manière identique aux parois du caisson. Le dimensionnement de la plaque de rigidité inférieure sera alors conçu pour que l'évent constitue un système mécanique ayant une fréquence de résonance mécanique FM proche de la fréquence de résonance du bass-reflex F0 et réalise ainsi un moyen d'atténuation autour de la fréquence de résonance du bass-reflex, et donc notamment à la fréquence de résonance du bass-reflex. Alternatively, only one of the plates can be made with a lower rigidity to the walls of the box 8, the other plate being for example made identically to the walls of the box. The dimensioning of the lower stiffness plate will then be designed so that the vent constitutes a mechanical system having a mechanical resonance frequency F M close to the resonance frequency of the bass reflex F 0 and thus provides a means of attenuation around the resonance frequency of the bass-reflex, and thus in particular the resonance frequency of the bass-reflex.

Dans l'exemple préféré expliqué ci-dessus, la fréquence de résonance mécanique est très proche de (sensiblement égale à) la fréquence de résonance du bass-reflex. Il est important de remarquer toutefois que l'invention n'est pas limitée à ce cas précis mais consiste à prévoir des moyens d'atténuation qui couvrent notamment la fréquence de résonance du bass-reflex. In the preferred example explained above, the mechanical resonance frequency is very close to (substantially equal to) the resonance frequency of the bass reflex. It is important to note, however, that the invention is not limited to this specific case but consists in providing attenuation means which cover in particular the resonance frequency of the bass reflex.

Pour déterminer la proximité des deux fréquences, on pourra se référer à des critères classiques : par exemple, la fréquence de coupure à -3 dB peut être considérée comme proche de la fréquence de résonance.To determine the proximity of the two frequencies, we will be able to refer to conventional criteria: for example, the cut-off frequency at -3 dB can be considered close to the resonance frequency.

Claims (7)

  1. Acoustic enclosure (2) comprising a box (8), on which is mounted at least one electro-acoustic transducer (4), and a vent (16) which together with the box (8) produces a bass-reflex system with a specified bass-reflex resonant frequency (F0),
       characterized in that the vent (16) comprises means of attenuation (20; 22) at said bass-reflex resonant frequency (F0).
  2. Enclosure according to Claim 1, characterized in that the vent (16) comprises at least one flexible plate (20; 22).
  3. Enclosure according to Claim 1, characterized in that the vent (16) comprises at least one plate (20; 22) whose mechanical resonant frequency (FM) is close to the bass-reflex resonance (F0).
  4. Enclosure according to Claim 1, characterized in that the vent (16) comprises at least one plate (20; 22) whose mechanical resonant frequency (FM) is practically equal to the bass-reflex resonant frequency (F0).
  5. Enclosure according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the vent (16) comprises two flexible plates (20, 22) which define a vent volume opening into an aperture (18) of the box (8).
  6. Enclosure according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the electro-acoustic transducer is a loudspeaker (4) with hard suspension.
  7. Audiovisual apparatus, characterized in that it comprises a display device and an enclosure (2) according to one of Claims 1 to 6.
EP02700340A 2001-01-24 2002-01-21 Enclosure and audio-visual apparatus comprising same Expired - Lifetime EP1368987B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0100906 2001-01-24
FR0100906A FR2819974A1 (en) 2001-01-24 2001-01-24 ACOUSTIC SPEAKER AND AUDIOVISUAL APPARATUS COMPRISING SUCH A SPEAKER
PCT/FR2002/000223 WO2002060217A1 (en) 2001-01-24 2002-01-21 Enclosure and audio-visual apparatus comprising same

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP1368987A1 EP1368987A1 (en) 2003-12-10
EP1368987B1 true EP1368987B1 (en) 2005-12-14

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US (1) US7111706B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1368987B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3965120B2 (en)
CN (1) CN100518383C (en)
DE (1) DE60208000T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2254640T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2819974A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002060217A1 (en)

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FR3113475B1 (en) * 2020-08-18 2022-11-04 Renault Sas SUBWOOFER

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EP1368987A1 (en) 2003-12-10
ES2254640T3 (en) 2006-06-16
CN100518383C (en) 2009-07-22
FR2819974A1 (en) 2002-07-26
DE60208000D1 (en) 2006-01-19
JP3965120B2 (en) 2007-08-29
US20040055812A1 (en) 2004-03-25
WO2002060217A1 (en) 2002-08-01
US7111706B2 (en) 2006-09-26
JP2004538672A (en) 2004-12-24
CN1488231A (en) 2004-04-07
DE60208000T2 (en) 2006-06-22

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