EP1246298A1 - Multiband antenna for telecommunications - Google Patents

Multiband antenna for telecommunications Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1246298A1
EP1246298A1 EP02290299A EP02290299A EP1246298A1 EP 1246298 A1 EP1246298 A1 EP 1246298A1 EP 02290299 A EP02290299 A EP 02290299A EP 02290299 A EP02290299 A EP 02290299A EP 1246298 A1 EP1246298 A1 EP 1246298A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiating elements
gsm
dcs
antenna
umts
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Granted
Application number
EP02290299A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1246298B1 (en
Inventor
Jérome Plet
Franck Colombel
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Alcatel Lucent SAS
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Alcatel CIT SA
Alcatel SA
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Publication of EP1246298A1 publication Critical patent/EP1246298A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/42—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more imbricated arrays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multiband antenna telecommunications, particularly for cellular telephony.
  • Telephony cell phone uses different frequency bands corresponding to different known telecommunication systems.
  • Several systems of telecommunication are currently used simultaneously, as by example the “Digital Cellular System” DCS (1710-1880 MHz), or the “Global System for Mobile communications "GSM (870-960 MHz).
  • new telecommunications systems such as UMTS or "Universal Mobile Telephone Service "(1900-2170 MHz) are in the installation phase.
  • operators of telecommunications networks must provide an antenna network carrying out transmissions according to various frequency bands used. For this, some operators put complementary antenna networks, each of these networks operating according to a telecommunications system. So operators use a GSM antenna network and a DCS antenna network while they install a network of UMTS antennas.
  • a second type of antenna results from the combination, within a single antenna chassis, of elements radiating respectively to several telecommunication systems.
  • multiband antennas include Radiant elements specific to each of the GSM and DCS systems.
  • FIG. 1 describes such a known dual-band antenna, GSM and DCS.
  • This dual-band antenna 10 comprises radiating elements 12 operating according to the GSM system and radiating elements 14 operating according to the DCS system.
  • the GSM radiating elements 12 are connected to two GSM connectors 16 and 18 transmitting waves of frequencies included in the GSM band.
  • the radiating elements 14 DCS are connected to two connectors 20 and 22 DCS transmitting waves of frequencies included in the DCS band.
  • FIG. 1 the connections between these connectors and the GSM or DCS radiating elements are not shown.
  • each radiating element - including the operation is described for example in US patent 6,025,798 - is equivalent to two independent dipoles placed 90 degrees apart.
  • these radiating elements 40 and 44 provide reception and / or suitable transmission of telecommunication signals whatever the position of a transmitting or receiving antenna in relation to these elements Radiant.
  • any radiating element GSM 12 is equidistant from two radiating elements GSM 12, and is equidistant from two radiating elements DCS 14.
  • any radiating element DCS 14 is equidistant from two radiating elements DCS 14.
  • the radiating elements are partitioned by metal walls whose positioning also determines different characteristics of the radiation of each device, such as its opening horizontal.
  • walls 26 perpendicular to a longitudinal axis 27 of the antenna partition the radiating elements 12 GSM inside enclosures of rectangular shape, these enclosures also being constituted by longitudinal walls 27a and 27b of the antenna chassis. The walls 26 decrease the couplings between these radiating elements 12 GSM, increasing thus the gain of the GSM device.
  • the gain of the GSM device is also a function of the distance between the side walls 27a and 27b and the transmitting elements 12 GSM, just like the height of these walls 27a and 27b.
  • the radiating elements 12 GSM are substantially equidistant from these walls 27a, 27b and 26 partitioning, we obtain an optimal configuration allowing the GSM device to operate according to transmission imposed by operators.
  • the operation of the GSM device is optimized according to the second criterion previously mentioned since all the radiating elements of this device are similarly partitioned.
  • the walls 26 are also used in conjunction with walls 24 fixed along the axis 27 of the antenna to partition the elements radiant 14 DCS. This partitioning determines characteristics of operation of the DCS device such as its horizontal opening or its gain.
  • the radiating elements 12 GSM are also placed according to axis 27 of the antenna. Gold metallic walls close to an element radiant disturb the functioning of the latter. This is why longitudinal walls 24 have a chamfer 25 near the elements radiating 12 GSM.
  • the 14 DCS radiating elements are partitioned in pairs of radiating elements in rectangular enclosures formed by the walls 24, 26 and 27b.
  • a wall 28 is placed perpendicular to the axis 27 between the radiating elements 14 of these pairs.
  • Each wall 28 is equidistant from the two radiating elements 14 DCS thus separated. Therefore, these walls 28 are located near a radiating element 12 GSM equidistant from these same two elements radiant DCS.
  • These walls 28 then cause disturbances on the radiating elements 12 GSM of the same nature as the disturbances created by the walls 24 - proximity of a partition wall with respect to the radiating elements 12 GSM. This is why the walls 28 have a length less than the width of the element partitioning enclosures radiant 14 DCS. Furthermore, the height of the walls 28 is decreasing at as the latter approach the radiating elements 12 GSM.
  • This decreasing profile results from a compromise between the partitioning radiating elements 14 DCS and the disturbances that these walls create vis-à-vis the radiating elements GSM 12.
  • the radiating elements 14 DCS are then substantially equidistant from the walls 24, 26, 27b and 28. This provision results, as for the elements radiating 12 GSM, optimizing the performance of the DCS device.
  • this partitioning being similar for any radiating element 14 DCS, interference to any radiating element 14 DCS remains similar, thus optimizing the operation of the DCS device.
  • the realization of a dual-band antenna composed of radiating elements specific to each transmission system therefore requires many compromises and artifices to allow proper operation of each device.
  • the average wavelength ⁇ DCS of the DCS band being approximately equal to half the average wavelength ⁇ GSM of the GSM band, it is possible to periodically locate all of the DCS radiating elements and GSM along the axis of the antenna while respecting an optimal distance between them.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a tri-band antenna , for example GSM, DCS, UMTS, which has satisfactory operation although the average wavelength of at least one of the bands is not a multiple or a sub -multiple of the average wavelengths of the other two bands.
  • the object of the invention is a radio transmission antenna, particularly in the field of cellular telecommunications, comprising first, second, and third radiating elements capable of operate in three different frequency bands respectively; characterized in that its structure is periodic along an axis longitudinal; and in that, in each module of its structure, a first radiating elements is placed in the center of a quadrilateral including two neighboring vertices are each occupied by one of the second elements radiant, and whose two other vertices are each occupied by one of the third radiating elements.
  • each type of radiating element is optimized because each element of the same type is surrounded by an immediate vicinity which is similar, although the length waveform of at least one of the bands is not a multiple or a submultiple of the average wavelengths of the other two bands.
  • the radiating elements are aligned respectively in three rows parallel to each other and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the antenna, these three rows corresponding respectively to the three bands.
  • two neighboring radiating elements capable of operating in the same frequency band are separated by a distance of 0.95 x ⁇ m , where ⁇ m represents the average wavelength of the frequency band .
  • the second radiating elements and the third radiating elements are placed respectively in two partitioned enclosures.
  • the antenna comprises radiating elements capable of operating respectively in the strip of DCS frequencies, 1710-1880 MHz, the GSM frequency band, 870-960 MHz, and the UMTS frequency band, 1900-2170 MHz.
  • each module then comprises a GSM radiating element, a pair of UMTS radiating elements, and a pair of DCS radiating elements; these two pairs being placed so that roughly define a rectangle in the center of which the element is placed radiating GSM.
  • Such a tri-band antenna reduces installation, rental costs and / or maintenance for the network operator wishing to introduce radiant elements using a new communications system - by example UMTS - in its network while ensuring the functioning of systems already in use.
  • an antenna has the advantage over a wideband antenna to use independent radiating elements to each telecommunication system.
  • an operator equipped with this type antenna can vary the coverage area of one of the telecommunications without modifying the covers of the other systems used through the antenna.
  • the variation in the transmission coverage of a device is obtained by a variation of the signals feeding this device. It is right to signal that a broadband antenna cannot perform such a modification, the device operating for each of the communications being the same.
  • the antenna according to the invention is a compromise solution which allows satisfactory operation.
  • the exemplary embodiment represented in FIG. 2 comprises radiating elements 52, 54 and 56 able to operate respectively, in the UMTS, GSM and DCS bands: the radiating elements 52 use the frequency band UMTS 1900-2170 MHz, the elements 54 radiators use the GSM 870-960 MHz frequency band and radiating elements 56 use the DCS 1710-1880 MHz frequency band.
  • the radiating elements 54 and 56 are identical to the radiating elements 12 and 14 previously described with FIG. 1.
  • the UMTS radiating elements 52 are similar to the GSM 54 and DCS 56 radiating elements but with technical characteristics specific to the UMTS system.
  • the antenna 50 has a periodic structure, along its major axis 61, which is in the plane of symmetry of the antenna housing.
  • the step is approximately equal to 0.85. ⁇ GSM , where ⁇ GSM is the average wavelength in the GSM band.
  • This periodic structure is made up of rectangular modules which are identical to each other and each comprising: a GSM radiating element 54, a pair of UMTS radiating elements 52, and a pair of DCS 56 radiating elements, placed so that the pairs of elements 52 and DCS 56 radiating elements form a trapezoid of which they occupy the vertices, a GSM 54 radiating element being located in the center of this rectangle:
  • the two UMTS 52 radiating elements occupy two neighboring vertices, and the two DCS 56 radiating elements occupy the other two highs.
  • the radiating elements 54, 56, 52 of the assembly of the antenna 50 are aligned respectively in three rows parallel to each other and parallel to the longitudinal axis 61 of the antenna 50, these three rows
  • each GSM 54 radiating element is: equidistant from two elements radiating 54 GSM, equidistant from two radiating elements 52 UMTS, and equidistant from two radiating elements 56 DCS.
  • the distance between two neighboring GSM elements 54 is equal to the pitch, that is to say approximately equal to 0.85. ⁇ GSM.
  • the distance between UMTS 52 radiating elements is 0.95. ⁇ UMTS , parallel to the axis 61 of the antenna, where ⁇ UMTS is the average wavelength of the UMTS band.
  • the distance between DCS 56 radiating elements is 0.85 ⁇ DCS , where ⁇ DCS represents the average wavelength of the DCS band.
  • the wavelengths ⁇ DCS and ⁇ UMTS not being very different, the radiating elements UMTS 52 and DCS 56 form a trapezoid which is approximately a rectangle.
  • the DCS 56 radiating elements are placed at a non-optimized distance equal to 0.85 ⁇ DCS .
  • the GSM radiating elements 54 are placed at a non-optimized distance approximately equal to 0.85 ⁇ GSM .
  • the radiating elements GSM 54 and DCS 56 function correctly because, in accordance with the invention, each radiating element GSM 54 is surrounded by the same neighborhood, which also includes a similar partitions. Similarly, each DCS 56 radiating element is surrounded by the same neighborhood, which also includes a similar partitioning.
  • walls 58 are placed perpendicular to a longitudinal axis 61 of the antenna. These walls 58 confine in a first enclosure the radiating elements 52 UMTS, and in one second the 56 DCS radiating elements of each module of the antenna, to reduce the coupling between radiating elements.
  • Walls 59a and 59b complete the partitioning of the radiating elements of the antenna. These walls 59a and 59b are placed parallel to the vertical axis 61 on either side of the radiating elements 54 GSM, the latter being placed along the longitudinal axis 61 which is in the plane of symmetry of the housing the antenna.
  • the walls 59a and 59b are discontinuous in the neighborhoods elements 54 of the GSM system, thereby increasing the distance between them walls 59a and 59b and the radiating elements 54 GSM.
  • the walls 59a and 59b have cutouts 62 near the radiating elements 54 GSM to further reduce the interactions between walls 59a and 59b and these radiating elements 54 GSM.
  • the wall 59a has cutouts 60 near the radiating elements 54 GSM.
  • the 52 UMTS and 56 DCS radiating elements are partitioned by pairs. Oblique walls 64 are located between the radiating elements of each of these pairs, limiting the couplings between the radiating elements of each pair. However, the height of these walls decreases near the 54 GSM radiating elements to reduce disturbances between walls 58 and the DCS 56 radiating elements.
  • the radiant elements DCS 56 are then approximately equidistant from the walls 58, 59b, 64 and a side wall 57b of the antenna.
  • the UMTS 52 radiating elements are deliberately offset at the interior of the rectangular partitions formed by the walls 58, 59a, 64 and a side wall 57a of the antenna opposite the point equidistant from these walls. It appears experimentally that such a shift, of the order of centimeter, improves the performance of the UMTS device, particularly vis-à-vis the pointing of the horizontal radiation diagram.
  • 70 UMTS, 72 GSM and 74 DCS power supplies are planned in duplicate cross polarization and independent of each other.
  • this independence makes it possible to vary the zones of influence of emission and / or reception of each device.
  • an operator decides to change the area of coverage of the antenna UMTS device, it can make this modification without altering the coverage areas of other DCS and GSM devices the antenna.
  • a network operator can direct the UMTS beam of the antenna on an office area during the day and deflect this beam towards a hotel zone in the evening while maintaining the two beams DCS and GSM systems on the same coverage area.
  • this deviation is effected by a modification of the diet of each device.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The tri-band antenna (50) has transmitting elements (52;54,56) functioning respectively in three frequency bands, the UMTS transmitting elements (52) being separated between themselves, by a spacing of about 0.95xLambdam, where lambdam represents the wavelength of the UMTS frequency band. The positioning of the GSM transmitting elements and DCS (54:56) is fixed w.r.t these UMTS transmitting elements, such that each transmitting element is surrounded in a similar manner by other transmitting elements and by enclosing walls (57a:57b;58;59a;59b;64). The periodic structure of the length of the longitudinal axis (61). In each module of the structure, the GSM transmitting element (54) is placed at the center of a quadrilateral whose two neighboring summits are occupied, each one, by a DCS transmitting element (56) and whose two other summits are each occupied by an UMTS transmitting element (52).

Description

La présente invention concerne une antenne multibande de télécommunication, notamment pour la téléphonie cellulaire. La téléphonie cellulaire utilise diverses bandes de fréquences correspondant aux différents systèmes de télécommunication connus. Plusieurs systèmes de télécommunication sont actuellement utilisés simultanément, comme par exemple le "Digital Cellular System" DCS (1710-1880 MHz), ou le "Global System for Mobile communications" GSM (870-960 MHz). Par ailleurs, de nouveaux systèmes de télécommunication, tel que l'UMTS ou "Universal Mobile Telephone Service" (1900-2170 MHz) sont en phase d'installation.The present invention relates to a multiband antenna telecommunications, particularly for cellular telephony. Telephony cell phone uses different frequency bands corresponding to different known telecommunication systems. Several systems of telecommunication are currently used simultaneously, as by example the "Digital Cellular System" DCS (1710-1880 MHz), or the "Global System for Mobile communications "GSM (870-960 MHz). new telecommunications systems, such as UMTS or "Universal Mobile Telephone Service "(1900-2170 MHz) are in the installation phase.

Dès lors, les opérateurs des réseaux de télécommunication doivent se pourvoir d'un réseau d'antennes effectuant des transmissions suivant les diverses bandes de fréquences utilisées. Pour cela, certains opérateurs mettent en place des réseaux complémentaires d'antennes, chacun de ces réseaux fonctionnant suivant un système de télécommunication. Ainsi, des opérateurs utilisent un réseau d'antennes GSM et un réseau d'antennes DCS tandis qu'ils installent un réseau d'antennes UMTS.Therefore, operators of telecommunications networks must provide an antenna network carrying out transmissions according to various frequency bands used. For this, some operators put complementary antenna networks, each of these networks operating according to a telecommunications system. So operators use a GSM antenna network and a DCS antenna network while they install a network of UMTS antennas.

Toutefois, la multiplication des réseaux d'antennes entraíne des coûts croissants pour les opérateurs - achats d'antennes, locations d'emplacements, installations - ainsi qu'une dégradation de l'environnement. C'est pourquoi, d'autres opérateurs utilisent des antennes fonctionnant suivant plusieurs systèmes de télécommunication. Ainsi, le coût d'installation et la dégradation de l'environnement sont moindres.However, the multiplication of antenna networks leads to costs increasing for operators - antenna purchases, location rentals, facilities - as well as environmental degradation. That is why, other operators use antennas operating according to several telecommunications systems. So the installation cost and the degradation of the environment are lower.

Deux types d'antennes sont alors utilisés :

  • Un premier type d'antenne est dit "large-bande" : il utilise une bande de travail suffisamment large pour recevoir ou émettre des communications suivant plusieurs systèmes de télécommunication. Par exemple, une antenne utilisant une bande de fréquences comprises entre 870 et 1880 MHz est utilisée comme antenne GSM et DCS.
Two types of antennas are then used:
  • A first type of antenna is called "broadband": it uses a working band wide enough to receive or transmit communications according to several telecommunication systems. For example, an antenna using a frequency band between 870 and 1880 MHz is used as the GSM and DCS antenna.

Un deuxième type d'antenne, dit "multibande", résulte de la combinaison, à l'intérieur d'un unique châssis d'antenne, d'éléments rayonnants respectivement à plusieurs systèmes de télécommunication. Par exemple, on connaít des antennes bi-bandes GSM et DCS comprennent des éléments rayonnants propres à chacun des systèmes GSM et DCS. A second type of antenna, called "multiband", results from the combination, within a single antenna chassis, of elements radiating respectively to several telecommunication systems. Through example, we know GSM and DCS dual-band antennas include Radiant elements specific to each of the GSM and DCS systems.

La figure 1 décrit une telle antenne bi-bande connue, GSM et DCS. Cette antenne 10 bi-bande comprend des éléments rayonnants 12 fonctionnant suivant le système GSM et des éléments rayonnants 14 fonctionnant suivant le système DCS. Dans une telle antenne, les éléments rayonnants GSM 12 sont reliés à deux connecteurs 16 et 18 GSM transmettant des ondes de fréquences comprises dans la bande GSM. De même, les éléments rayonnants 14 DCS sont reliés à deux connecteurs 20 et 22 DCS transmettant des ondes de fréquences comprises dans la bande DCS. Dans la figure 1, les liaisons entre ces connecteurs et les éléments rayonnants GSM ou DCS ne sont pas représentées. FIG. 1 describes such a known dual-band antenna, GSM and DCS. This dual-band antenna 10 comprises radiating elements 12 operating according to the GSM system and radiating elements 14 operating according to the DCS system. In such an antenna, the GSM radiating elements 12 are connected to two GSM connectors 16 and 18 transmitting waves of frequencies included in the GSM band. Likewise, the radiating elements 14 DCS are connected to two connectors 20 and 22 DCS transmitting waves of frequencies included in the DCS band. In FIG. 1, the connections between these connectors and the GSM or DCS radiating elements are not shown.

L'utilisation de deux connecteurs indépendants transmettant des ondes d'une même bande de fréquences est due à la nature des éléments rayonnants utilisés. De fait, chaque élément rayonnant - dont le fonctionnement est décrit par exemple dans le brevet US 6.025.798 - est équivalent à deux dipôles indépendants placés à 90 degrés l'un de l'autre. Ainsi, ces éléments rayonnants 40 et 44 assurent une réception et/ou une émission convenable de signaux de télécommunication quelle que soit la position d'une antenne émettrice ou réceptrice par rapport à ces éléments rayonnants.The use of two independent connectors transmitting waves of the same frequency band is due to the nature of the elements radiant used. In fact, each radiating element - including the operation is described for example in US patent 6,025,798 - is equivalent to two independent dipoles placed 90 degrees apart. Thus, these radiating elements 40 and 44 provide reception and / or suitable transmission of telecommunication signals whatever the position of a transmitting or receiving antenna in relation to these elements Radiant.

L'ensemble des éléments rayonnants d'une même bande de fréquences forme un dispositif de transmission. Ainsi, les éléments rayonnants 12 GSM forment un dispositif de transmission GSM tandis que les éléments rayonnants 14 DCS forment un dispositif de transmission DCS. Afin d'optimiser le fonctionnement de chacun de ces dispositifs, deux critères sont pris en compte dans la réalisation de cette antenne connue :

  • Selon un premier critère, les éléments rayonnants d'une même bande de fréquences sont distants d'une longueur sensiblement égale à 0,95.λm, où λm représente la longueur d'onde moyenne de la bande de fréquences utilisée par ces éléments rayonnants. De fait, il est connu que cette disposition des éléments rayonnants favorise le fonctionnement du dispositif ainsi positionné.
  • Selon un deuxième critère, les éléments rayonnants d'un même dispositif sont placés dans un même voisinage, c'est-à-dire qu'ils sont entourés de façon similaire par d'autres éléments rayonnants proches, et par des parois métalliques de cloisonnement dont le rôle est décrit ci-dessous.
All the radiating elements of the same frequency band form a transmission device. Thus, the radiating elements 12 GSM form a GSM transmission device while the radiating elements 14 DCS form a DCS transmission device. In order to optimize the operation of each of these devices, two criteria are taken into account in the production of this known antenna:
  • According to a first criterion, the radiating elements of the same frequency band are distant by a length substantially equal to 0.95.λ m , where λ m represents the average wavelength of the frequency band used by these elements radiant. In fact, it is known that this arrangement of the radiating elements promotes the operation of the device thus positioned.
  • According to a second criterion, the radiating elements of the same device are placed in the same vicinity, that is to say that they are surrounded in a similar manner by other nearby radiating elements, and by metallic partition walls. whose role is described below.

Dans le cas d'une antenne bi-bande, une particularité des longueurs d'onde utilisées facilite la réalisation d'une antenne satisfaisant ces deux critères. La longueur d'onde moyenne λDCS de la bande DCS est approximativement égale à la moitié de la longueur d'onde moyenne λGSM de la bande GSM. Il est ainsi possible de réaliser une antenne ayant une structure périodique dont le pas est le double pour les éléments rayonnants DCS que pour les éléments rayonnants GSM. Grâce à cette particularité, tout élément rayonnant GSM 12 est équidistant de deux éléments rayonnants GSM 12, et est équidistant de deux éléments rayonnants DCS 14. De même, tout élément rayonnant DCS 14 est équidistant de deux éléments rayonnants DCS 14.In the case of a dual-band antenna, a particularity of the wavelengths used facilitates the production of an antenna satisfying these two criteria. The average wavelength λ DCS of the DCS band is approximately equal to half the average wavelength λ GSM of the GSM band. It is thus possible to produce an antenna having a periodic structure whose pitch is double for the DCS radiating elements than for the GSM radiating elements. Thanks to this feature, any radiating element GSM 12 is equidistant from two radiating elements GSM 12, and is equidistant from two radiating elements DCS 14. Similarly, any radiating element DCS 14 is equidistant from two radiating elements DCS 14.

Cette symétrie dans la disposition des éléments rayonnants des deux dispositifs réduit considérablement les conséquences des interférences radioélectriques puisque chaque élément rayonnant d'un même dispositif est affecté par des perturbations similaires. Or le fonctionnement d'un dispositif est d'autant plus performant - par exemple pour le rapport signal à bruit - que les éléments rayonnants de ce dispositif opèrent dans des conditions similaires.This symmetry in the arrangement of the radiating elements of the two devices greatly reduces the consequences of interference radioelectric since each radiating element of the same device is affected by similar disturbances. Now the operation of a device is all the more efficient - for example for the signal to noise ratio - that the radiating elements of this device operate under conditions Similar.

Des couplages entre éléments rayonnants d'un même dispositif diminuent sensiblement les performances de ce dernier. Pour diminuer ces couplages, on cloisonne les éléments rayonnants par des parois métalliques dont le positionnement détermine aussi différentes caractéristiques du rayonnement de chaque dispositif, comme par exemple son ouverture horizontale. Ainsi, des parois 26 perpendiculaires à un axe 27 longitudinale de l'antenne cloisonnent les éléments rayonnants 12 GSM à l'intérieur d'enceintes de forme rectangulaire, ces enceintes étant aussi constituées par des parois longitudinales 27a et 27b du châssis de l'antenne. Les parois 26 diminuent les couplages entre ces éléments rayonnants 12 GSM, augmentant ainsi le gain du dispositif GSM.Couplings between radiating elements of the same device significantly reduce the performance of the latter. To decrease these couplings, the radiating elements are partitioned by metal walls whose positioning also determines different characteristics of the radiation of each device, such as its opening horizontal. Thus, walls 26 perpendicular to a longitudinal axis 27 of the antenna partition the radiating elements 12 GSM inside enclosures of rectangular shape, these enclosures also being constituted by longitudinal walls 27a and 27b of the antenna chassis. The walls 26 decrease the couplings between these radiating elements 12 GSM, increasing thus the gain of the GSM device.

Par ailleurs, le gain du dispositif GSM est aussi fonction de la distance entre les parois latérales 27a et 27b et les éléments transmetteurs 12 GSM, tout comme de la hauteur de ces parois 27a et 27b. On constate que lorsque les éléments rayonnants 12 GSM sont sensiblement équidistants de ces parois 27a, 27b et 26 de cloisonnement, on obtient une configuration optimale permettant au dispositif GSM de fonctionner suivant des critères de transmission imposés par des opérateurs. En outre, le fonctionnement du dispositif GSM est optimisé suivant le deuxième critère précédemment mentionné puisque tous les éléments rayonnants de ce dispositif sont cloisonnés de façon similaire.In addition, the gain of the GSM device is also a function of the distance between the side walls 27a and 27b and the transmitting elements 12 GSM, just like the height of these walls 27a and 27b. We find that when the radiating elements 12 GSM are substantially equidistant from these walls 27a, 27b and 26 partitioning, we obtain an optimal configuration allowing the GSM device to operate according to transmission imposed by operators. In addition, the operation of the GSM device is optimized according to the second criterion previously mentioned since all the radiating elements of this device are similarly partitioned.

Par ailleurs, les parois 26 sont aussi utilisées conjointement à des parois 24 fixées suivant l'axe 27 de l'antenne pour cloisonner les éléments rayonnants 14 DCS. Ce cloisonnement détermine des caractéristiques de fonctionnement du dispositif DCS comme son ouverture horizontale ou son gain. Toutefois, les éléments rayonnants 12 GSM sont aussi placés suivant l'axe 27 de l'antenne. Or des parois métalliques proches d'un élément rayonnant perturbent le fonctionnement de ce dernier. C'est pourquoi les parois longitudinales 24 présentent un chanfrein 25 à proximité des éléments rayonnants 12 GSM.Furthermore, the walls 26 are also used in conjunction with walls 24 fixed along the axis 27 of the antenna to partition the elements radiant 14 DCS. This partitioning determines characteristics of operation of the DCS device such as its horizontal opening or its gain. However, the radiating elements 12 GSM are also placed according to axis 27 of the antenna. Gold metallic walls close to an element radiant disturb the functioning of the latter. This is why longitudinal walls 24 have a chamfer 25 near the elements radiating 12 GSM.

Les éléments rayonnants 14 DCS sont cloisonnés par paires d'éléments rayonnants dans des enceintes de forme rectangulaire formées par les parois 24, 26 et 27b. De façon à limiter les couplages entre les éléments rayonnants 14 DCS de chacune de ces paires, une paroi 28 est placée perpendiculairement à l'axe 27 entre les éléments rayonnants 14 de ces paires. Chaque paroi 28 est équidistante des deux éléments rayonnants 14 DCS ainsi séparés. De ce fait, ces parois 28 se trouvent à proximité d'un élément rayonnant 12 GSM équidistant de ces deux mêmes éléments rayonnants DCS. Ces parois 28 provoquent alors des perturbations sur les éléments rayonnants 12 GSM de même nature que les perturbations créées par les parois 24 - proximité d'une paroi de cloisonnement vis-à-vis des éléments rayonnants 12 GSM. C'est pourquoi les parois 28 ont une longueur inférieure à la largeur des enceintes de cloisonnement des éléments rayonnants 14 DCS. Par ailleurs, la hauteur des parois 28 est décroissante à mesure que ces dernières se rapprochent des éléments rayonnants 12 GSM.The 14 DCS radiating elements are partitioned in pairs of radiating elements in rectangular enclosures formed by the walls 24, 26 and 27b. In order to limit the couplings between the elements radiating 14 DCS from each of these pairs, a wall 28 is placed perpendicular to the axis 27 between the radiating elements 14 of these pairs. Each wall 28 is equidistant from the two radiating elements 14 DCS thus separated. Therefore, these walls 28 are located near a radiating element 12 GSM equidistant from these same two elements radiant DCS. These walls 28 then cause disturbances on the radiating elements 12 GSM of the same nature as the disturbances created by the walls 24 - proximity of a partition wall with respect to the radiating elements 12 GSM. This is why the walls 28 have a length less than the width of the element partitioning enclosures radiant 14 DCS. Furthermore, the height of the walls 28 is decreasing at as the latter approach the radiating elements 12 GSM.

Ce profil décroissant résulte d'un compromis entre le cloisonnement des éléments rayonnants 14 DCS et les perturbations que ces parois créent vis-à-vis des éléments rayonnants GSM 12. De fait, en réduisant la hauteur de la paroi 28 à proximité des éléments rayonnants 12 GSM, on diminue les interférences entre cette dernière et ces éléments rayonnants 12 GSM. Les éléments rayonnants 14 DCS sont alors sensiblement équidistants des parois 24, 26, 27b et 28. Cette disposition résulte, comme pour les éléments rayonnants 12 GSM, d'une optimisation des performances du dispositif DCS. Par ailleurs, ce cloisonnement étant similaire pour tout élément rayonnant 14 DCS, les interférences subies par tout élément rayonnant 14 DCS restent similaires, optimisant ainsi le fonctionnement du dispositif DCS.This decreasing profile results from a compromise between the partitioning radiating elements 14 DCS and the disturbances that these walls create vis-à-vis the radiating elements GSM 12. In fact, by reducing the height of the wall 28 near the radiating elements 12 GSM, the interference between the latter and these radiating elements 12 GSM. The radiating elements 14 DCS are then substantially equidistant from the walls 24, 26, 27b and 28. This provision results, as for the elements radiating 12 GSM, optimizing the performance of the DCS device. Furthermore, this partitioning being similar for any radiating element 14 DCS, interference to any radiating element 14 DCS remains similar, thus optimizing the operation of the DCS device.

La réalisation d'une antenne bi-bande composée d'éléments rayonnants propres à chaque système de transmission nécessite donc de nombreux compromis et artifices pour permettre un fonctionnement convenable de chaque dispositif. Par ailleurs, la longueur d'onde moyenne λDCS de la bande DCS étant approximativement égale à la moitié de la longueur d'onde moyenne λGSM de la bande GSM, il est possible de situer de façon périodique l'ensemble des éléments rayonnants DCS et GSM le long de l'axe de l'antenne tout en respectant une distance optimale entre ces derniers.The realization of a dual-band antenna composed of radiating elements specific to each transmission system therefore requires many compromises and artifices to allow proper operation of each device. Furthermore, the average wavelength λ DCS of the DCS band being approximately equal to half the average wavelength λ GSM of the GSM band, it is possible to periodically locate all of the DCS radiating elements and GSM along the axis of the antenna while respecting an optimal distance between them.

Le but de l'invention est de proposer une antenne tribande, par exemple GSM, DCS, UMTS, qui ait un fonctionnement satisfaisant bien que la longueur d'onde moyenne de l'une au moins des bandes ne soit pas un multiple ou un sous-multiple des longueurs d'onde moyennes des deux autres bandes.The object of the invention is to propose a tri-band antenna , for example GSM, DCS, UMTS, which has satisfactory operation although the average wavelength of at least one of the bands is not a multiple or a sub -multiple of the average wavelengths of the other two bands.

L'objet de l'invention est une antenne de radiotransmission, notamment dans le domaine des télécommunication cellulaires, comprenant des premiers, deuxièmes, et troisièmes éléments rayonnants aptes à fonctionner respectivement dans trois bandes de fréquence différentes ; caractérisée en ce que sa structure est périodique le long d'un axe longitudinal ; et en ce que, dans chaque module de sa structure, un premier des éléments rayonnant est placé au centre d'un quadrilatère dont deux sommets voisins sont occupés chacun par un des deuxièmes éléments rayonnants, et dont les deux autres sommets sont occupés chacun par un des troisièmes éléments rayonnants. Ainsi, le fonctionnement de chaque type d'élément rayonnant est optimisé parce que chaque élément d'un même type est entouré par un voisinage immédiat qui est similaire, bien que la longueur d'onde moyenne de l'une au moins des bandes ne soit pas un multiple ou un sous-multiple des longueurs d'onde moyennes des deux autres bandes.The object of the invention is a radio transmission antenna, particularly in the field of cellular telecommunications, comprising first, second, and third radiating elements capable of operate in three different frequency bands respectively; characterized in that its structure is periodic along an axis longitudinal; and in that, in each module of its structure, a first radiating elements is placed in the center of a quadrilateral including two neighboring vertices are each occupied by one of the second elements radiant, and whose two other vertices are each occupied by one of the third radiating elements. So the operation of each type of radiating element is optimized because each element of the same type is surrounded by an immediate vicinity which is similar, although the length waveform of at least one of the bands is not a multiple or a submultiple of the average wavelengths of the other two bands.

Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, les éléments rayonnants sont alignés respectivement en trois rangées parallèles entre elles et parallèles à l'axe longitudinal de l'antenne, ces trois rangées correspondant respectivement aux trois bandes.In a preferred embodiment, the radiating elements are aligned respectively in three rows parallel to each other and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the antenna, these three rows corresponding respectively to the three bands.

Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, deux éléments rayonnants voisins et aptes à fonctionner dans une même bande de fréquences sont séparés d'une distance de 0,95 x λm, où λm représente la longueur d'onde moyenne de la bande de fréquences.In a preferred embodiment, two neighboring radiating elements capable of operating in the same frequency band are separated by a distance of 0.95 x λ m , where λ m represents the average wavelength of the frequency band .

Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, dans chaque module, les deuxièmes éléments rayonnants et les troisièmes éléments rayonnants sont placés respectivement dans deux enceintes cloisonnées.In a preferred embodiment, in each module, the second radiating elements and the third radiating elements are placed respectively in two partitioned enclosures.

Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, l'antenne comprend des éléments rayonnants aptes à fonctionner respectivement dans la bande de fréquences DCS, 1710-1880 MHz, la bande de fréquences GSM, 870-960 MHz, et la bande de fréquences UMTS, 1900-2170 MHz.In a particular embodiment, the antenna comprises radiating elements capable of operating respectively in the strip of DCS frequencies, 1710-1880 MHz, the GSM frequency band, 870-960 MHz, and the UMTS frequency band, 1900-2170 MHz.

Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, chaque module comprend alors un élément rayonnant GSM, une paire d'éléments rayonnants UMTS, et une paire d'éléments rayonnants DCS ; ces deux paires étant placées de façon à définir approximativement un rectangle au centre duquel est placé l'élément rayonnant GSM.In a preferred embodiment, each module then comprises a GSM radiating element, a pair of UMTS radiating elements, and a pair of DCS radiating elements; these two pairs being placed so that roughly define a rectangle in the center of which the element is placed radiating GSM.

Une telle antenne tribande réduit les coûts d'installation, de location et/ou de maintenance pour l'opérateur d'un réseau voulant introduire des éléments rayonnants utilisant un nouveau système de communications - par exemple l'UMTS - dans son réseau tout en assurant le fonctionnement des systèmes déjà exploités.Such a tri-band antenna reduces installation, rental costs and / or maintenance for the network operator wishing to introduce radiant elements using a new communications system - by example UMTS - in its network while ensuring the functioning of systems already in use.

Par ailleurs, une telle antenne présente l'avantage par rapport à une antenne large-bande d'utiliser des éléments rayonnants indépendants pour chaque système de télécommunication. Ainsi, un opérateur équipé de ce type d'antenne peut faire varier la zone de couverture d'un des systèmes de télécommunication sans modifier les couvertures des autres systèmes utilisés par l'antenne. La variation de la couverture de transmission d'un dispositif est obtenue par une variation des signaux alimentant ce dispositif. Il convient de signaler qu'une antenne à large bande ne peut effectuer une telle modification, le dispositif fonctionnant pour chacun des systèmes de communications étant le même.Furthermore, such an antenna has the advantage over a wideband antenna to use independent radiating elements to each telecommunication system. Thus, an operator equipped with this type antenna can vary the coverage area of one of the telecommunications without modifying the covers of the other systems used through the antenna. The variation in the transmission coverage of a device is obtained by a variation of the signals feeding this device. It is right to signal that a broadband antenna cannot perform such a modification, the device operating for each of the communications being the same.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront avec la description de certains de ses modes de réalisation, celle-ci étant effectuée à titre descriptif et non limitatif en se référant aux dessins ci-annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue d'ensemble d'une antenne bi-bande connue GSM / DCS déjà décrite ci-dessus, et
  • la figure 2 est une vue d'ensemble d'une antenne tri-bande UMTS / GSM / DCS conforme à l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear with the description of some of its embodiments, this being carried out by way of description and without limitation, with reference to the attached drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is an overall view of a known dual-band GSM / DCS antenna already described above, and
  • Figure 2 is an overall view of a UMTS / GSM / DCS tri-band antenna according to the invention.

La longueur d'onde moyenne de la bande UMTS n'est pas un multiple ou un sous-multiple des longueurs d'onde moyennes des bandes GSM et DCS. Dans ce cas, il n'est pas possible de satisfaire simultanément pour les trois bandes les deux critères cités précédemment, optimisant le fonctionnement du dispositif rayonnant pour une bande, à savoir :

  • un espacement optimisé (0,95.λm) entre chaque paire d'éléments rayonnants de ce dispositif, et
  • un voisinage identique pour tout élément rayonnant pour une même bande de fréquences.
The average wavelength of the UMTS band is not a multiple or sub-multiple of the average wavelengths of the GSM and DCS bands. In this case, it is not possible to satisfy simultaneously for the three bands the two criteria mentioned above, optimizing the operation of the radiating device for a band, namely:
  • an optimized spacing (0.95.λ m ) between each pair of radiating elements of this device, and
  • an identical neighborhood for any radiating element for the same frequency band.

L'antenne selon l'invention est une solution de compromis qui permet un fonctionnement satisfaisant. L'exemple de réalisation représenté sur la figure 2 comprend des éléments rayonnants 52, 54 et 56 aptes à fonctionner respectivement, dans les bandes UMTS, GSM et DCS : les éléments rayonnants 52 utilisent la bande de fréquences UMTS 1900-2170 MHz, les éléments rayonnants 54 utilisent la bande de fréquences GSM 870-960 MHz et les éléments rayonnants 56 utilisent la bande de fréquences DCS 1710-1880 MHz. Les éléments rayonnants 54 et 56 sont identiques aux éléments rayonnants 12 et 14 précédemment décrits avec la figure 1. Les éléments rayonnants UMTS 52 sont analogues aux éléments rayonnants GSM 54 et DCS 56 mais avec des caractéristiques techniques propres au système UMTS.The antenna according to the invention is a compromise solution which allows satisfactory operation. The exemplary embodiment represented in FIG. 2 comprises radiating elements 52, 54 and 56 able to operate respectively, in the UMTS, GSM and DCS bands: the radiating elements 52 use the frequency band UMTS 1900-2170 MHz, the elements 54 radiators use the GSM 870-960 MHz frequency band and radiating elements 56 use the DCS 1710-1880 MHz frequency band. The radiating elements 54 and 56 are identical to the radiating elements 12 and 14 previously described with FIG. 1. The UMTS radiating elements 52 are similar to the GSM 54 and DCS 56 radiating elements but with technical characteristics specific to the UMTS system.

L'antenne 50 a une structure périodique, le long de son grand axe 61, qui est dans le plan de symétrie du boítier de l'antenne. Le pas est approximativement égal à 0,85.λGSM, où λGSM est la longueur d'onde moyenne dans la bande GSM. Cette structure périodique est composée de modules rectangulaires identiques entre eux et comprenant chacun : un élément rayonnant GSM 54, une paire d'éléments rayonnants UMTS 52, et une paire d'éléments rayonnants DCS 56, placés de telle sorte que les paires d'éléments rayonnants UMTS 52 et DCS 56 forment un trapèze dont elles occupent les sommets, un élément rayonnant GSM 54 étant situé au centre de ce rectangle : Les deux éléments rayonnants UMTS 52 occupent deux sommets voisins, et les deux éléments rayonnants DCS 56 occupent les deux autres sommets. Les éléments rayonnants 54, 56, 52 de l'ensemble de l'antenne 50 sont alignés respectivement en trois rangées parallèles entre elles et parallèles à l'axe longitudinal 61 de l'antenne 50, ces trois rangées correspondant respectivement aux trois bandes.The antenna 50 has a periodic structure, along its major axis 61, which is in the plane of symmetry of the antenna housing. The step is approximately equal to 0.85.λ GSM , where λ GSM is the average wavelength in the GSM band. This periodic structure is made up of rectangular modules which are identical to each other and each comprising: a GSM radiating element 54, a pair of UMTS radiating elements 52, and a pair of DCS 56 radiating elements, placed so that the pairs of elements 52 and DCS 56 radiating elements form a trapezoid of which they occupy the vertices, a GSM 54 radiating element being located in the center of this rectangle: The two UMTS 52 radiating elements occupy two neighboring vertices, and the two DCS 56 radiating elements occupy the other two highs. The radiating elements 54, 56, 52 of the assembly of the antenna 50 are aligned respectively in three rows parallel to each other and parallel to the longitudinal axis 61 of the antenna 50, these three rows corresponding respectively to the three bands.

Dans chaque module, les éléments rayonnants sont placés de telle sorte que chaque élément rayonnant GSM 54 est entouré de façon similaire par les autres éléments rayonnants UMTS 52 et DCS 56, et les cloisons. Ainsi, chaque élément rayonnant GSM 54 est : équidistant de deux éléments rayonnants 54 GSM, équidistant de deux éléments rayonnants 52 UMTS, et équidistant de deux éléments rayonnants 56 DCS.In each module, the radiating elements are placed in such a way so that each GSM 54 radiator is surrounded in a similar way by the other UMTS 52 and DCS 56 radiating elements, and the partitions. So, each GSM 54 radiating element is: equidistant from two elements radiating 54 GSM, equidistant from two radiating elements 52 UMTS, and equidistant from two radiating elements 56 DCS.

La distance entre deux éléments GSM 54 voisins, c'est à dire situés dans deux modules voisins, est égale au pas, c'est à dire approximativement égale à 0,85.λGSM. De façon à privilégier le fonctionnement des éléments rayonnants UMTS 52, pour obtenir des performances optimisées pour ce dispositif UMTS, la distance entre éléments rayonnants UMTS 52 (dans le même module, ou dans deux modules voisins) est de 0,95.λUMTS , parallèlement à l'axe 61 de l'antenne, où λUMTS est la longueur d'onde moyenne de la bande UMTS. La distance entre éléments rayonnants DCS 56 est de 0,85 λDCS, où λDCS représente la longueur d'onde moyenne de la bande DCS. Les longueurs d'onde λDCS et λUMTS n'étant pas très différentes, les éléments rayonnants UMTS 52 et DCS 56 forment un trapèze qui est approximativement un rectangle.The distance between two neighboring GSM elements 54, that is to say located in two neighboring modules, is equal to the pitch, that is to say approximately equal to 0.85.λ GSM. In order to favor the operation of UMTS 52 radiating elements, to obtain optimized performance for this UMTS device, the distance between UMTS 52 radiating elements (in the same module, or in two neighboring modules) is 0.95.λ UMTS , parallel to the axis 61 of the antenna, where λ UMTS is the average wavelength of the UMTS band. The distance between DCS 56 radiating elements is 0.85 λ DCS , where λ DCS represents the average wavelength of the DCS band. The wavelengths λ DCS and λ UMTS not being very different, the radiating elements UMTS 52 and DCS 56 form a trapezoid which is approximately a rectangle.

On privilégie ainsi le fonctionnement du dispositif UMTS par rapport aux dispositifs DCS et GSM dont les éléments rayonnants ne sont pas situés à une distance optimale entre eux. En effet, les éléments rayonnants DCS 56 sont placés à une distance non optimisée égale à 0,85 λDCS. De même, les éléments rayonnants GSM 54 sont placés à une distance non optimisée approximativement égale à 0,85 λGSM. Malgré cela, on constate que les éléments rayonnants GSM 54 et DCS 56 fonctionnent correctement parce que, conformément à l'invention, chaque élément rayonnant GSM 54 est entouré d'un même voisinage, ce qui comprend aussi un cloisons similaires. De même, chaque élément rayonnant DCS 56 est entouré d'un même voisinage, qui comprend aussi un cloisonnement similaire.We therefore favor the operation of the UMTS device compared to DCS and GSM devices whose radiating elements are not located at an optimal distance between them. Indeed, the DCS 56 radiating elements are placed at a non-optimized distance equal to 0.85 λ DCS . Similarly, the GSM radiating elements 54 are placed at a non-optimized distance approximately equal to 0.85 λ GSM . Despite this, it is found that the radiating elements GSM 54 and DCS 56 function correctly because, in accordance with the invention, each radiating element GSM 54 is surrounded by the same neighborhood, which also includes a similar partitions. Similarly, each DCS 56 radiating element is surrounded by the same neighborhood, which also includes a similar partitioning.

Pour effectuer ce cloisonnement, on place des parois 58 perpendiculairement à un axe 61 longitudinale de l'antenne. Ces parois 58 confinent dans une première enceinte les éléments rayonnants 52 UMTS, et dans une seconde les éléments rayonnants 56 DCS de chaque module de l'antenne, pour diminuer les couplages entre éléments rayonnants. Des parois 59a et 59b complètent le cloisonnement des éléments rayonnants de l'antenne. Ces parois 59a et 59b sont placées parallèlement à l'axe vertical 61 de part et d'autre des éléments rayonnants 54 GSM, ces derniers étant placés suivant l'axe longitudinal 61 qui est dans le plan de symétrie du boítier de l'antenne.To carry out this partitioning, walls 58 are placed perpendicular to a longitudinal axis 61 of the antenna. These walls 58 confine in a first enclosure the radiating elements 52 UMTS, and in one second the 56 DCS radiating elements of each module of the antenna, to reduce the coupling between radiating elements. Walls 59a and 59b complete the partitioning of the radiating elements of the antenna. These walls 59a and 59b are placed parallel to the vertical axis 61 on either side of the radiating elements 54 GSM, the latter being placed along the longitudinal axis 61 which is in the plane of symmetry of the housing the antenna.

Par ailleurs, les parois 59a et 59b sont discontinues aux voisinages des éléments 54 du système GSM, augmentant ainsi la distance entre ces parois 59a et 59b et les éléments rayonnants 54 GSM. De même, les parois 59a et 59b présentent des découpes 62 à proximité des éléments rayonnants 54 GSM pour réduire à nouveau les interactions entre les parois 59a et 59b et ces éléments rayonnants 54 GSM. Pour la même raison, la paroi 59a présente des découpes 60 à proximité des éléments rayonnants 54 GSM.Furthermore, the walls 59a and 59b are discontinuous in the neighborhoods elements 54 of the GSM system, thereby increasing the distance between them walls 59a and 59b and the radiating elements 54 GSM. Similarly, the walls 59a and 59b have cutouts 62 near the radiating elements 54 GSM to further reduce the interactions between walls 59a and 59b and these radiating elements 54 GSM. For the same reason, the wall 59a has cutouts 60 near the radiating elements 54 GSM.

Ces découpes sont effectuées en fonction de résultats expérimentaux obtenus et sont facultatives pour les parois 59a et 59b.These cuts are made based on experimental results obtained and are optional for walls 59a and 59b.

Les éléments rayonnants 52 UMTS et 56 DCS sont cloisonnés par paires. Des parois 64 obliques sont situées entre les éléments rayonnants de chacune de ces paires, limitant les couplages entre les éléments rayonnants de chaque paire. Toutefois, la hauteur de ces parois diminue à proximité des éléments rayonnants 54 GSM pour réduire les perturbations entre les parois 58 et les éléments rayonnants DCS 56.The 52 UMTS and 56 DCS radiating elements are partitioned by pairs. Oblique walls 64 are located between the radiating elements of each of these pairs, limiting the couplings between the radiating elements of each pair. However, the height of these walls decreases near the 54 GSM radiating elements to reduce disturbances between walls 58 and the DCS 56 radiating elements.

Les éléments rayonnants DCS 56 sont alors approximativement équidistants des parois 58, 59b, 64 et d'une paroi latérale 57b de l'antenne. Inversement, les éléments rayonnants UMTS 52 sont volontairement décalés à l'intérieur des cloisons rectangulaires formées par les parois 58, 59a, 64 et une paroi latérale 57a de l'antenne vis-à-vis du point équidistant de ces parois. Il apparaít expérimentalement qu'un tel décalage, de l'ordre du centimètre, améliore les performances du dispositif UMTS, notamment vis-à-vis du pointage du diagramme de rayonnement horizontal.The radiant elements DCS 56 are then approximately equidistant from the walls 58, 59b, 64 and a side wall 57b of the antenna. Conversely, the UMTS 52 radiating elements are deliberately offset at the interior of the rectangular partitions formed by the walls 58, 59a, 64 and a side wall 57a of the antenna opposite the point equidistant from these walls. It appears experimentally that such a shift, of the order of centimeter, improves the performance of the UMTS device, particularly vis-à-vis the pointing of the horizontal radiation diagram.

On prévoit des alimentations 70 UMTS, 72 GSM et 74 DCS en double polarisation croisée et indépendantes entre elles. Avantageusement, cette indépendance permet de varier les zones d'influence d'émission et/ou réception de chaque dispositif. Si un opérateur décide de modifier la zone de couverture du dispositif UMTS de l'antenne, il peut effectuer cette modification sans altérer les zones de couvertures des autres dispositifs DCS et GSM de l'antenne. Par exemple, l'opérateur d'un réseau peut diriger le faisceau UMTS de l'antenne sur une zone de bureaux pendant la journée et dévier ce faisceau vers une zone d'hôtels dans la soirée tout en maintenant les deux faisceaux des systèmes DCS et GSM sur une même zone de couverture. De préférence, cette déviation est effectuée par une modification de l'alimentation de chaque dispositif.70 UMTS, 72 GSM and 74 DCS power supplies are planned in duplicate cross polarization and independent of each other. Advantageously, this independence makes it possible to vary the zones of influence of emission and / or reception of each device. If an operator decides to change the area of coverage of the antenna UMTS device, it can make this modification without altering the coverage areas of other DCS and GSM devices the antenna. For example, a network operator can direct the UMTS beam of the antenna on an office area during the day and deflect this beam towards a hotel zone in the evening while maintaining the two beams DCS and GSM systems on the same coverage area. Preferably, this deviation is effected by a modification of the diet of each device.

La présente invention est susceptible de variantes qui apparaítront à l'homme du métier. Ainsi, certaines parois obliques 64 peuvent être remplacées par des éléments d'isolation 75 ayant une action similaire.The present invention is susceptible of variants which will appear in the skilled person. Thus, certain oblique walls 64 can be replaced by insulation elements 75 having a similar action.

Claims (6)

Antenne (50) de radio transmission, notamment dans le domaine des télécommunication cellulaires, comprenant des premiers, deuxièmes, et troisièmes éléments rayonnants (54, 56, 52) aptes à fonctionner respectivement dans trois bandes de fréquence différentes ; caractérisée en ce que sa structure est périodique le long d'un axe longitudinal (61) ; et en ce que, dans chaque module de sa structure, un premier des éléments rayonnant (54) est placé au centre d'un quadrilatère dont deux sommets voisins sont occupés chacun par un des deuxièmes éléments rayonnants (56) et dont les deux autres sommets sont occupés chacun par un des troisièmes éléments rayonnants (52).Radio transmission antenna (50), in particular in the field of cellular telecommunications, comprising first, second, and third radiating elements (54, 56, 52) capable of operating in three different frequency bands respectively; characterized in that its structure is periodic along a longitudinal axis (61); and in that , in each module of its structure, a first of the radiating elements (54) is placed in the center of a quadrilateral of which two neighboring vertices are each occupied by one of the second radiating elements (56) and of which the other two vertices are each occupied by one of the third radiating elements (52). Antenne selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les éléments rayonnants (54, 56, 52) sont alignés respectivement en trois rangées parallèles entre elles et parallèles à l'axe longitudinal (61) de l'antenne (50), ces trois rangées correspondant respectivement aux trois bandes.Antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the radiating elements (54, 56, 52) are aligned respectively in three rows parallel to each other and parallel to the longitudinal axis (61) of the antenna (50), these three rows corresponding respectively to the three bands. Antenne selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que deux éléments rayonnants (52) voisins et aptes à fonctionner dans une même bande de fréquences sont séparés d'une distance de 0,95 x λm, où λm représente la longueur d'onde moyenne de la bande de fréquences.Antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that two neighboring radiating elements (52) capable of operating in the same frequency band are separated by a distance of 0.95 x λ m , where λ m represents the wavelength average of the frequency band. Antenne selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que, dans chaque module, les deuxièmes éléments rayonnants (52) et les troisièmes éléments rayonnants (56) sont placés respectivement dans deux enceintes cloisonnées.Antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that , in each module, the second radiating elements (52) and the third radiating elements (56) are placed respectively in two partitioned enclosures. Antenne selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend des éléments rayonnants (52, 54, 56) aptes à fonctionner respectivement dans la bande de fréquences DCS, 1710-1880 MHz, la bande de fréquences GSM, 870-960 MHz, et la bande de fréquences UMTS, 1900-2170 MHz.Antenna according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises radiating elements (52, 54, 56) capable of operating respectively in the DCS frequency band, 1710-1880 MHz, the GSM frequency band, 870- 960 MHz, and the UMTS frequency band, 1900-2170 MHz. Antenne selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que chaque module comprend un élément rayonnant GSM (54), une paire d'éléments rayonnants UMTS (52), une paire d'éléments rayonnants DCS (56) ; ces deux paires étant placées de façon à définir approximativement un rectangle au centre duquel est placé l'élément rayonnant GSM (54).Antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that each module comprises a GSM radiating element (54), a pair of UMTS radiating elements (52), a pair of DCS radiating elements (56); these two pairs being placed so as to define approximately a rectangle in the center of which is placed the GSM radiating element (54).
EP02290299.3A 2001-03-29 2002-02-07 Multiband antenna for telecommunications Expired - Lifetime EP1246298B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR0104256 2001-03-29
FR0104256A FR2823017B1 (en) 2001-03-29 2001-03-29 MULTIBAND TELECOMMUNICATIONS ANTENNA

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1246298B1 (en) 2014-07-23
US20020140618A1 (en) 2002-10-03
FR2823017B1 (en) 2005-05-20
CN1264365C (en) 2006-07-12
ES2507547T3 (en) 2014-10-15
US6646611B2 (en) 2003-11-11
CN1379606A (en) 2002-11-13
FR2823017A1 (en) 2002-10-04

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