EP1193006A2 - Process for manufacturing a cooled precision casting - Google Patents

Process for manufacturing a cooled precision casting Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1193006A2
EP1193006A2 EP01115998A EP01115998A EP1193006A2 EP 1193006 A2 EP1193006 A2 EP 1193006A2 EP 01115998 A EP01115998 A EP 01115998A EP 01115998 A EP01115998 A EP 01115998A EP 1193006 A2 EP1193006 A2 EP 1193006A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casting
wax
core
cooling
mold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01115998A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1193006A3 (en
EP1193006B1 (en
Inventor
Gordon Anderson
Peter Marx
Shailendra Dr. Naik
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General Electric Technology GmbH
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Alstom Schweiz AG
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Publication of EP1193006A2 publication Critical patent/EP1193006A2/en
Publication of EP1193006A3 publication Critical patent/EP1193006A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1193006B1 publication Critical patent/EP1193006B1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • B22C9/04Use of lost patterns
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C7/00Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B22C7/02Lost patterns
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316Impeller making
    • Y10T29/49336Blade making
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4998Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
    • Y10T29/49988Metal casting
    • Y10T29/49989Followed by cutting or removing material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a cooled Investment casting of a thermal turbomachine according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • Castings of thermal turbomachinery are known by Casting process made.
  • Casting furnaces for such casting processes are for example from the documents EP-A1-749 790, US-3,763,926 or US-3,690,367 known.
  • the molds are generally characterized by a Wax model provided.
  • a process for making a complex Part of a gas turbine by means of a casting mold is, for example, from the Document US-5,296,308 known.
  • a core is inserted into the wax model.
  • This Core contains the structure of the cavity, which is inside the casting forms a certain cooling structure. With these castings, it must be between the Wax model and the core a wax seal can be attached to one Penetration of the slip, which forms the mold when dry, into the To prevent space.
  • the wax seal is applied to a hand Step, which is next to the core, applied.
  • Ultimately has the stage to include a cooling plate.
  • the cooling plate is on the The stage is soldered or welded and is used for impingement cooling by means of cooling holes the platform below. To avoid leakage the cooling air should be flat on the surface of the step. But this is in Contrary to the attached wax seal, which after casting a Material accumulation above the level results.
  • To the goal of a level Getting closer to the surface of the step is an additional process step such as grinding or eroding.
  • the invention is based on the object of a method for the production of a thermally stressed and cooled casting of a thermal To create turbomachine by means of a known casting process, wherein the casting of the casting with a wax model and a ceramic Core is manufactured, and the subsequent manufacturing steps are simplified and be optimized.
  • the object is achieved by a method according to the Preamble of claim 1 solved in that before producing the Mold of the casting between the wax model and the core Wax seal is only applied to a paragraph, which is located above the step to the side of the core.
  • this can be prevented even during the casting process that there are bumps on the step, which is a leak for mean the cooling air on the cooling plate.
  • the material that the Wax seal and the heel created during the casting process can ground down by a unified process step or on others, appropriately removed without unevenness form at the level. At this stage, a cooling plate can be used without further Process steps are soldered.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing a thermal loaded and cooled investment casting of a thermal turbo machine.
  • This can be, for example, a guide or Blade or around other cooled rotor or stator segments one Act gas turbine or a compressor.
  • the castings are generally known from the prior art Manufactures casting furnaces. With such a casting furnace can be complex trained and high thermal and mechanical loads removable components are manufactured. Depending on the process conditions it is possible to solidify the casting body in a directed manner. There is the Possibility of using it as a single crystal (SX) or polycrystalline Stem crystals which have a preferred direction ("directionally solidified "(DS). It is particularly important that the directional solidification takes place under conditions in which between a cooled portion of a molten raw material receiving Mold and the still molten starting material a strong one Heat exchange takes place. A zone can then freeze in a directed manner Form materials with a solidification front, which with permanent withdrawal of heat with the formation of the directly solidified casting body by the Mold moves.
  • the device consists of a vacuum chamber, which is a contains upper heating chamber and a lower cooling chamber. Both chambers are separated by a baffle.
  • the vacuum chamber holds a mold, which is filled with a melt.
  • thermal and mechanically resilient parts as in the case of guide and rotor blades from Gas turbines, for example, will be a superalloy based on Nickel used.
  • the baffles In the middle of the baffles there is an opening through which slowly removes the mold from the heating chamber during the process is moved into the cooling chamber so that the casting is from the bottom up directed frozen. The downward movement is done by a drive rod, on which the mold is stored. The bottom of the mold is executed water-cooled. Below the baffles are means to produce and leading a gas flow. These funds provide through the Gas flow next to the lower cooling chamber for additional cooling and thereby for a larger temperature gradient at the Solidification front.
  • FIG. 1 shows a wax model 10 of a casting 1, for example one to be poured turbine blade.
  • the turbine blade has a platform 2, an airfoil 3 and a blade tip 2.
  • This wax model 10 is then converted into a liquid, ceramic material, which is also a slip is called immersed. This forms around the wax model 10 later casting mold of the casting 1.
  • the ceramic Material dried so that the mold with which the casting 1 is produced, arises.
  • the wax is removed by an appropriate heat treatment, i.e. burned out.
  • the mold is also fired, i.e. in this way it contains its firmness.
  • the casting 1 is so created mold by a known, closer above Cast iron described described manufactured in a known manner. Later that ceramic mold and the core removed in a suitable manner, so for Example using an acid or a base.
  • the turbine blade of Figure 1 has a cavity in which during the Operation of the turbomachine cooling air is initiated. This cooling air can Leave the finished turbine blade again through cooling holes 5.
  • a ceramic core 6 during the production process of the casting mold, which reflects the internal geometry of the cavity.
  • the turbine 2 is additionally platform 2 by impingement cooling cooled.
  • the cast component is at a level 7 which is located next to the ceramic core 6 and on the edge of the platform 2, a cooling plate 11, in which there are cooling holes 12, soldered or welded. This cooling plate 11 is described in more detail in FIG. 3.
  • This wax seal 8 has the goal of unwanted penetration of slip to prevent in the interior of the ceramic core 6.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section along the line II - II of Figure 1 through the Stage 7, the wax seal 8 and through the ceramic core 6.
  • the wax seal 8 is only on a shoulder 9 attached, which above level 7 towards the ceramic core 6 located.
  • stage 7 and the Wax seal 8 additional, also cast material on the Turbine blade. As can be seen in FIG. 3, this has a certain one Height s, and can be independent of level 7 or regardless of the Machined surface of level 7, i.e. be sanded. This unified process step can also be done by erosion.
  • the Stage 7, to which the cooling plate 11 is soldered remains in spite of this additional editing process is unaffected, which in any case is a smooth Level 7 surface guaranteed.
  • the cooling air 13 penetrates through the Cooling holes 12 and can cool the platform 2 by impingement cooling.
  • the Smooth surface of level 7 is so important, because even a small one Unevenness in the cooling performance of this impingement cooling due to leakage losses Reduce.
  • Another advantage is that through the existing Paragraph 9 the liquid solder, which is distributed over the whole stage 7, is prevented from flowing into the cavity of the casting 1. Since the Operation of the casting 1 is also an insert in the cavity, it is important that no solder sticks to this insert and thus the proper functioning is impaired.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines gekühlten Gussteils (1) einer thermischen Turbomaschine mit einem bekannten Gussverfahren. Zwischen einem Wachsmodell (10) des Gussteils (1) und einem keramischen Kern (6) wird oberhalb einer Stufe (7) von Hand eine Wachdichtung (8) lediglich auf einem zusätzlichen Absatz (9) angebracht. Das Material, welches während des Giessverfahrens durch den Absatz (9) und die Wachsdichtung (8) an dieser Stelle entsteht, kann geschliffen werden, ohne dass sich Unebenheiten an der Stufe (7) bilden. Das Schweissen oder Löten einer Kühlplatte auf die Stufe (7) wird dadurch vereinfacht. <IMAGE>The invention relates to a method for producing a cooled casting (1) of a thermal turbomachine using a known casting method. Between a wax model (10) of the cast part (1) and a ceramic core (6), a wax seal (8) is applied by hand above a step (7) only on an additional shoulder (9). The material that is created during the casting process by the shoulder (9) and the wax seal (8) at this point can be sanded without any unevenness on the step (7). This simplifies the welding or soldering of a cooling plate to step (7). <IMAGE>

Description

TECHNISCHES GEBIETTECHNICAL AREA

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines gekühlten Feingussteils einer thermischen Turbomaschine gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for producing a cooled Investment casting of a thermal turbomachine according to the preamble of Claim 1.

STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART

Gussteile thermischer Turbomaschinen werden durch bekannte Gussverfahren hergestellt. Gussöfen für solche Gussverfahren sind beispielsweise aus den Schriften EP-A1-749 790, US-3,763,926 oder US-3,690,367 bekannt. Die Gussformen werden im allgemeinen durch ein Wachsmodell bereitgestellt. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines komplexen Teils einer Gasturbine mittels einer Giessform ist beispielsweise aus der Schrift US-5,296,308 bekannt.Castings of thermal turbomachinery are known by Casting process made. Casting furnaces for such casting processes are for example from the documents EP-A1-749 790, US-3,763,926 or US-3,690,367 known. The molds are generally characterized by a Wax model provided. A process for making a complex Part of a gas turbine by means of a casting mold is, for example, from the Document US-5,296,308 known.

Je nach Ausführungsform wird ein Kern in das Wachsmodell eingefügt. Dieser Kern enthält die Struktur des Hohlraums, welcher im Inneren des Gussteils eine bestimmte Kühlstruktur bildet. Bei diesen Gussteilen muss zwischen dem Wachsmodell und dem Kern eine Wachsdichtung angebracht werden, um ein Eindringen des Schlickers, welcher getrocknet die Gussform bildet, in den Zwischenraum zu verhindern. Die Wachsdichtung wird von Hand auf eine Stufe, welche sich neben dem Kern befindet, aufgetragen. Letzten Endes hat die Stufe den Sinn, eine Kühlplatte aufzunehmen. Die Kühlplatte wird auf die Stufe gelötet oder geschweisst und dient mittels Kühllöchern zur Prallkühlung der sich darunter befindenden Plattform. Zur Vermeidung von Leckagen an der Kühlluft sollte die Oberfläche der Stufe eben sein. Dies steht aber im Gegensatz zur angebrachten Wachsdichtung, welche nach dem Giessen eine Materialansammlung oberhalb der Stufe ergibt. Um dem Ziel einer ebenen Oberfläche der Stufe näher zukommen, ist eine zusätzlicher Verfahrensschritt wie zum Beispiel Schleifen oder Erodieren notwendig.Depending on the embodiment, a core is inserted into the wax model. This Core contains the structure of the cavity, which is inside the casting forms a certain cooling structure. With these castings, it must be between the Wax model and the core a wax seal can be attached to one Penetration of the slip, which forms the mold when dry, into the To prevent space. The wax seal is applied to a hand Step, which is next to the core, applied. Ultimately has the stage to include a cooling plate. The cooling plate is on the The stage is soldered or welded and is used for impingement cooling by means of cooling holes the platform below. To avoid leakage the cooling air should be flat on the surface of the step. But this is in Contrary to the attached wax seal, which after casting a Material accumulation above the level results. To the goal of a level Getting closer to the surface of the step is an additional process step such as grinding or eroding.

DARSTELLUNG DER ERFINDUNGPRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines thermisch belasteten und gekühlten Gussteils einer thermischen Turbomaschine mittels eines bekannten Gussverfahrens zu schaffen, wobei die Gussform des Gussteils mit einem Wachsmodell und einem keramischen Kern hergestellt wird, und die nachfolgenden Fertigungsschritte vereinfacht und optimiert werden.The invention is based on the object of a method for the production of a thermally stressed and cooled casting of a thermal To create turbomachine by means of a known casting process, wherein the casting of the casting with a wax model and a ceramic Core is manufactured, and the subsequent manufacturing steps are simplified and be optimized.

Erfindungsgemäss wird die Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 dadurch gelöst, dass vor Herstellen der Gussform des Gussteils zwischen dem Wachsmodell und dem Kern die Wachsdichtung lediglich auf einem Absatz aufgetragen wird, welcher sich oberhalb der Stufe zur Seite des Kerns hin befindet.According to the invention, the object is achieved by a method according to the Preamble of claim 1 solved in that before producing the Mold of the casting between the wax model and the core Wax seal is only applied to a paragraph, which is located above the step to the side of the core.

Vorteilhaft kann somit schon während des Giessverfahrens verhindert werden, dass auf der Stufe Unebenheiten entstehen, welche eine Leckage für die Kühlluft an der Kühlplatte bedeuten. Das Material, welches durch die Wachsdichtung und den Absatz während des Gussverfahrens entsteht, kann durch einen vereinheitlichten Verfahrensschritt abgeschliffen oder auf andere, geeignete Art und Weise abgetragen werden, ohne dass sich Unebenheiten auf der Stufe bilden. Auf dieser Stufe kann eine Kühlplatte ohne weitere Verfahrensschritte angelötet werden.Advantageously, this can be prevented even during the casting process that there are bumps on the step, which is a leak for mean the cooling air on the cooling plate. The material that the Wax seal and the heel created during the casting process can ground down by a unified process step or on others, appropriately removed without unevenness form at the level. At this stage, a cooling plate can be used without further Process steps are soldered.

KURZE BESCHREIBUNG DER ZEICHNUNGBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

Die Erfindung wird anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen dargestellt, wobei

Fig. 1
ein Modell einer Turbinenschaufel zeigt,
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemässe Turbinenschaufel gemäss der Linie II - II in der Figur 1 zeigt und
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemässe Turbinenschaufel gemäss der Linie II - II in der Figur 1 nach erfolgreichem Gussverfahren zeigt.
The invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein
Fig. 1
shows a model of a turbine blade,
Fig. 2
FIG. 1 shows a section through a turbine blade according to the invention along the line II-II in FIG. 1 and
Fig. 3
shows a section through an inventive turbine blade according to the line II - II in Figure 1 after successful casting process.

Es werden nur die für die Erfindung wesentlichen Elemente dargestellt. Gleiche Elemente sind in unterschiedlichen Zeichnungen mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Only the elements essential to the invention are shown. The same elements are the same in different drawings Provide reference numerals.

WEG ZUR AUSFÜHRUNG DER ERFINDUNGWAY OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines thermisch belasteten und gekühlten Feingussteils einer thermischen Turbomaschine. Dabei kann es sich im einzelnen beispielsweise um eine Leit- oder Laufschaufel oder um andere gekühlte Rotor- oder Statorsegmente einer Gasturbine oder eines Kompressors handeln. Diese Gussteile und das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung werden im folgenden anhand der beiliegenden Figuren näher erläutert.The invention relates to a method for producing a thermal loaded and cooled investment casting of a thermal turbo machine. This can be, for example, a guide or Blade or around other cooled rotor or stator segments one Act gas turbine or a compressor. These castings and that Processes according to the invention for their production are described below explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures.

Die Gussteile werden mit allgemein aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Gussöfen herstellt. Mit einem solchen Gussofen können komplex ausgebildete und hohen thermischen und mechanischen Belastungen aussetzbare Bauteile hergestellt werden. Je nach Verfahrenbedingungen ist es möglich, den Giesskörper gerichtet erstarrt herzustellen. Dabei besteht die Möglichkeit, ihn als Einkristall ("single crystal", SX) oder polykristallin als Stengelkristalle, welche eine Vorzugsrichtung aufweisen, ("directionally solidified", DS) auszubilden. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist es, dass die gerichtete Erstarrung unter Bedingungen stattfindet, bei denen zwischen einem gekühlten Teil einer geschmolzenes Ausgangsmaterial aufnehmenden Gussform und dem noch geschmolzenen Ausgangsmaterial ein starker Wärmeaustausch stattfindet. Es kann sich dann eine Zone gerichtet erstarrten Materials mit einer Erstarrungsfront ausbilden, welche bei dauerndem Entzug von Wärme unter Bildung des direkt erstarrten Giesskörpers durch die Gussform wandert.The castings are generally known from the prior art Manufactures casting furnaces. With such a casting furnace can be complex trained and high thermal and mechanical loads removable components are manufactured. Depending on the process conditions it is possible to solidify the casting body in a directed manner. There is the Possibility of using it as a single crystal (SX) or polycrystalline Stem crystals which have a preferred direction ("directionally solidified "(DS). It is particularly important that the directional solidification takes place under conditions in which between a cooled portion of a molten raw material receiving Mold and the still molten starting material a strong one Heat exchange takes place. A zone can then freeze in a directed manner Form materials with a solidification front, which with permanent withdrawal of heat with the formation of the directly solidified casting body by the Mold moves.

Aus der Schrift EP-A1-749 790 ist beispielsweise ein solches Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines gerichtet erstarrten Giesskörpers bekannt. Die Vorrichtung besteht aus einer Vakuumkammer, welche eine obere Heizkammer und eine untere Kühlkammer enthält. Beide Kammern sind durch ein Baffle getrennt. Die Vakuumkammer nimmt eine Gussform auf, welche mit einer Schmelze gefüllt wird. Für die Herstellung von thermisch und mechanisch belastbaren Teilen, wie im Falle von Leit- und Laufschaufeln von Gasturbinen, wird beispielsweise eine Superlegierung auf der Basis von Nickel verwendet. In der Mitte des Baffles ist eine Öffnung vorhanden, durch welche die Gussform während des Verfahrens langsam von der Heizkammer in die Kühlkammer bewegt wird, so dass das Gussstück von unten nach oben gerichtet erstarrt. Die Abwärtsbewegung geschieht durch eine Antriebsstange, auf welcher die Gussform gelagert ist. Der Boden der Gussform ist wassergekühlt ausgeführt. Unterhalb des Baffles sind Mittel zum Erzeugen und Führen einer Gasströmung vorhanden. Diese Mittel sorgen durch die Gasströmung neben der unteren Kühlkammer für eine zusätzliche Kühlung und dadurch für einen grösseren Temperaturgradienten an der Erstarrungsfront.Such a method and is for example from the document EP-A1-749 790 a device for producing a directionally solidified casting known. The device consists of a vacuum chamber, which is a contains upper heating chamber and a lower cooling chamber. Both chambers are separated by a baffle. The vacuum chamber holds a mold, which is filled with a melt. For the production of thermal and mechanically resilient parts, as in the case of guide and rotor blades from Gas turbines, for example, will be a superalloy based on Nickel used. In the middle of the baffles there is an opening through which slowly removes the mold from the heating chamber during the process is moved into the cooling chamber so that the casting is from the bottom up directed frozen. The downward movement is done by a drive rod, on which the mold is stored. The bottom of the mold is executed water-cooled. Below the baffles are means to produce and leading a gas flow. These funds provide through the Gas flow next to the lower cooling chamber for additional cooling and thereby for a larger temperature gradient at the Solidification front.

Ein ähnliches Verfahren, welches neben Heiz- und Kühlkammer mit einer zusätzlichen Gaskühlung arbeitet, ist beispielsweise auch aus der Patentschrift US 3,690,367 bekannt.A similar process, which in addition to the heating and cooling chamber with a additional gas cooling works, for example, is also from the Patent US 3,690,367 known.

Ein weiteres Verfahren zur Herstellung eines gerichtet erstarrten Giesskörpers ist aus der Druckschrift US 3,763,926 bekannt. Bei diesem Verfahren wird eine mit einer aufgeschmolzenen Legierung gefüllte Gussform kontinuierlich in ein auf ca. 260° C aufgeheiztes Bad getaucht. Hierdurch wird eine besonders rasche Abfuhr von Wärme aus der Gussform erreicht. Dieses und andere, ähnliche Verfahren sind unter dem Begriff LMC (liquid metal cooling) bekannt.Another method for producing a directionally solidified casting is known from the document US 3,763,926. With this procedure a mold filled with a molten alloy continuously immersed in a bath heated to approx. 260 ° C. This will create a achieved particularly rapid removal of heat from the mold. This and other, similar processes are known under the term LMC (liquid metal cooling) known.

Es ist für die Erfindung vorteilhaft, diese Art von Gussöfen zur Herstellung von einkristallinen oder gerichtet erstarrten Gussteilen zu benutzen, sie ist jedoch nicht darauf beschränkt. Im Prinzip kann die Erstarrung auch ungerichtet erfolgen.It is advantageous for the invention to produce this type of casting furnace single-crystal or directionally solidified castings, but it is not limited to that. In principle, the solidification can also be non-directional respectively.

Die Figur 1 zeigt ein Wachsmodell 10 eines Gussteils 1 beispielsweise einer zu giessenden Turbinenschaufel. Die Turbinenschaufel weist eine Plattform 2, ein Schaufelblatt 3 und eine Schaufelspitze 2 auf. Dieses Wachsmodell 10 wird dann in ein flüssiges, keramisches Material, welches auch Schlicker genannt wird, eingetaucht. Dabei bildet sich um das Wachsmodell 10 die spätere Gussform des Gussteils 1. Anschliessend wird das keramische Material getrocknet, so dass die Gussform, mit welcher das Gussteil 1 hergestellt wird, entsteht. Nach dem Trocknungsvorgang des Schlickers wird das Wachs durch eine geeignete Wärmebehandlung entfernt, d.h. ausgebrannt. Bei diesem Verfahrensschritt wird auch die Gussform gebrannt, d.h. sie enthält auf diese Weise ihre Festigkeit. Das Gussteil 1 wird mit der so entstandenen Gussform durch einen bekannten, weiter oben näher beschriebenen Gussofen auf bekannte Weise hergestellt. Später wird die keramische Gussform und der Kern auf geeignete Weise entfernt, so zum Beispiel durch Anwendung einer Säure oder einer Lauge.FIG. 1 shows a wax model 10 of a casting 1, for example one to be poured turbine blade. The turbine blade has a platform 2, an airfoil 3 and a blade tip 2. This wax model 10 is then converted into a liquid, ceramic material, which is also a slip is called immersed. This forms around the wax model 10 later casting mold of the casting 1. Then the ceramic Material dried so that the mold with which the casting 1 is produced, arises. After the drying process of the slip the wax is removed by an appropriate heat treatment, i.e. burned out. In this step, the mold is also fired, i.e. in this way it contains its firmness. The casting 1 is so created mold by a known, closer above Cast iron described described manufactured in a known manner. Later that ceramic mold and the core removed in a suitable manner, so for Example using an acid or a base.

Die Turbinenschaufel der Figur 1 besitzt einen Hohlraum, in den während des Betriebs der Turbomaschine Kühlluft eingeleitet wird. Diese Kühlluft kann die fertige Turbinenschaufel wieder durch Kühllöcher 5 verlassen. Wie aus der Figur 1 sichtbar, befindet sich im späteren Hohlraum des Wachsmodells 10 während des Herstellungsvorgangs der Giessform ein keramischer Kern 6, welcher die innere Geometrie des Hohlraums wiedergibt. Bei der dargestellten Turbinenschaufel wird die Plattform 2 zusätzlich durch eine Prallkühlung gekühlt. Dabei wird bei der gegossenen Komponente auf eine Stufe 7, welche sich neben dem keramischen Kern 6 und am Rand der Plattform 2 befindet, eine Kühlplatte 11, in welcher sich Kühllöcher 12 befinden, angelötet oder angeschweisst. Diese Kühlplatte 11 wird in der Figur 3 näher beschrieben.The turbine blade of Figure 1 has a cavity in which during the Operation of the turbomachine cooling air is initiated. This cooling air can Leave the finished turbine blade again through cooling holes 5. As from the Figure 1 visible, is in the later cavity of the wax model 10th a ceramic core 6 during the production process of the casting mold, which reflects the internal geometry of the cavity. In the illustrated The turbine 2 is additionally platform 2 by impingement cooling cooled. The cast component is at a level 7 which is located next to the ceramic core 6 and on the edge of the platform 2, a cooling plate 11, in which there are cooling holes 12, soldered or welded. This cooling plate 11 is described in more detail in FIG. 3.

Zwischen dem keramischen Kern 6 und dem Absatz 9 wird vor der Herstellung der Giessform von Hand eine Wachsdichtung 8 angebracht. Diese Wachsdichtung 8 hat das Ziel das ungewollte Eindringen von Schlicker in den Innenraum des keramischen Kerns 6 zu verhindern.Between the ceramic core 6 and paragraph 9 is before the Manufacture of the mold by hand a wax seal 8 attached. This wax seal 8 has the goal of unwanted penetration of slip to prevent in the interior of the ceramic core 6.

Die Figur 2 zeigt einen Schnitt gemäss der Linie II - II der Figur 1 durch die Stufe 7, die Wachsdichtung 8 und durch den keramischen Kern 6. Erfindungsgemäss wird die Wachsdichtung 8 lediglich auf einen Absatz 9 angebracht, welcher sich oberhalb der Stufe 7 zum keramischen Kern 6 hin befindet. Aus dieser Vorgehensweise ergeben sich verschiedene Vorteile. Während des Giessvorgangs entsteht durch die Stufe 7 und die Wachsdichtung 8 zusätzliches, ebenfalls gegossenes Material an der Turbinenschaufel. Dieses hat, wie in der Figur 3 ersichtlich, eine bestimmte Höhe s, und kann unabhängig von der Stufe 7 bzw. unabhängig von der Oberfläche der Stufe 7 bearbeitet, d.h. abgeschliffen, werden. Dieser vereinheitlichte Verfahrensschritt kann auch durch Erosion geschehen. Die Stufe 7, an der die Kühlplatte 11 angelötet wird, bleibt trotz dieses zusätzlichen Bearbeitungsvorgangs unberührt, was in jedem Fall eine glatte Oberfläche der Stufe 7 gewährleistet. Die Kühlluft 13 dringt durch die Kühllöcher 12 und kann die Plattform 2 somit durch Prallkühlung kühlen. Die glatte Oberfläche der Stufe 7 ist deshalb so wichtig, da schon geringe Unebenheiten die Kühlleistung dieser Prallkühlung durch Leckageverluste vermindern. Ein weitere Vorteil besteht darin, dass durch den vorhandenen Absatz 9 das flüssige Lot, welches sich auf der ganzen Stufe 7 verteilt, gehindert wird, in den Hohlraum des Gussteils 1 zu fliessen. Da sich bei dem Betrieb des Gussteils 1 im Hohlraum ebenfalls ein Einsatz befindet, ist es wichtig, dass keinerlei Lot an diesem Einsatz klebt und somit die ordnungsgemässe Funktionsweise beeinträchtigt. Figure 2 shows a section along the line II - II of Figure 1 through the Stage 7, the wax seal 8 and through the ceramic core 6. According to the invention, the wax seal 8 is only on a shoulder 9 attached, which above level 7 towards the ceramic core 6 located. Various advantages result from this procedure. During the casting process, stage 7 and the Wax seal 8 additional, also cast material on the Turbine blade. As can be seen in FIG. 3, this has a certain one Height s, and can be independent of level 7 or regardless of the Machined surface of level 7, i.e. be sanded. This unified process step can also be done by erosion. The Stage 7, to which the cooling plate 11 is soldered, remains in spite of this additional editing process is unaffected, which in any case is a smooth Level 7 surface guaranteed. The cooling air 13 penetrates through the Cooling holes 12 and can cool the platform 2 by impingement cooling. The Smooth surface of level 7 is so important, because even a small one Unevenness in the cooling performance of this impingement cooling due to leakage losses Reduce. Another advantage is that through the existing Paragraph 9 the liquid solder, which is distributed over the whole stage 7, is prevented from flowing into the cavity of the casting 1. Since the Operation of the casting 1 is also an insert in the cavity, it is important that no solder sticks to this insert and thus the proper functioning is impaired.

BEZUGSZEICHENLISTELIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Gussteil, beispielsweise TurbinenschaufelCast part, for example turbine blade
22
Plattformplatform
33
Schaufelblattairfoil
44
Spitze der TurbinenschaufelTip of the turbine blade
55
Kühllöchercooling holes
66
Keramischer KernCeramic core
77
Stufestep
88th
Wachsdichtungwax seal
99
Absatzparagraph
1010
Wachsmodell der TurbinenschaufelWax model of the turbine blade
1111
Platteplate
1212
Kühlloch in Platte 11Cooling hole in plate 11
1313
Kühlluftcooling air
ss
Höhe des Absatzes 9Height of paragraph 9

Claims (5)

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines gekühlten Gussteils (1) einer thermischen Turbomaschine mit einem bekannten Gussverfahren, wobei das gekühlte Gussteil (1) mittels einer Gussform hergestellt wird, wobei diese Gussform mittels eines Wachsmodells (10) und mittels eines sich im Wachsmodell (10) befindlichen Kerns (6) hergestellt wird, wobei sich unmittelbar neben dem Kern (6) eine Stufe (7) zur Befestigung einer Kühlplatte (11) an dem fertigen Gussteil (1) befindet und wobei vor Herstellung der Gussform von Hand eine Wachsdichtung (8) zwischen dem Kern (6) und dem Wachsmodell (10) angebracht wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
vor Herstellung der Gussform des Gussteils (1) zwischen dem Wachsmodell (10) und dem Kern (6) die Wachsdichtung (8) lediglich auf einem Absatz (9) aufgetragen wird, welcher sich oberhalb der Stufe (7) zur Seite des Kerns (6) hin befindet.
Method for producing a cooled casting (1) of a thermal turbomachine using a known casting process, the cooled casting (1) being produced by means of a casting mold, this casting mold using a wax model (10) and a core located in the wax model (10) (6) is produced, a step (7) for fastening a cooling plate (11) to the finished casting (1) being located directly next to the core (6), and a wax seal (8) between the Core (6) and the wax model (10) is attached,
characterized in that
Before the casting of the casting (1) is produced between the wax model (10) and the core (6), the wax seal (8) is only applied to a shoulder (9) which is above the step (7) to the side of the core (6 ) there.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
nach dem Gussverfahren das Material an dem Gussteil (1), welches sich an der Stelle des Absatzes (9) und der Wachsdichtung (8) befindet, teilweise abgeschliffen oder erodiert wird, wobei die Stufe (7) durch diesen Verfahrensschritt unberührt bleibt.
Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that
after the casting process, the material on the casting (1), which is located at the point of the shoulder (9) and the wax seal (8), is partially ground or eroded, the step (7) being unaffected by this process step.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Kühlplatte (11), in welcher sich Kühllöcher (12) befinden, auf die Oberfläche der Stufe (7) gelötet oder geschweisst wird.
Method according to claim 2,
characterized in that
the cooling plate (11), in which cooling holes (12) are located, is soldered or welded onto the surface of the step (7).
Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
ein Gussverfahren zur Herstellung von einkristallinen, gerichtet oder ungerichtet erstarrten Gussteilen verwendet wird.
Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
a casting process is used to produce single-crystal, directional or non-directional solidified castings.
Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
es sich um Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Leit- oder einer Laufschaufel einer Gasturbine oder eines Verdichters mit einer Prallkühlung der Plattform (2) handelt.
Method according to one of the preceding claims
characterized in that
it is a method for producing a guide or rotor blade of a gas turbine or a compressor with an impact cooling of the platform (2).
EP01115998A 2000-08-07 2001-06-30 Process for manufacturing a cooled precision casting Expired - Lifetime EP1193006B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10038453 2000-08-07
DE10038453A DE10038453A1 (en) 2000-08-07 2000-08-07 Production of a cooled cast part of a thermal turbo machine comprises applying a wax seal to an offset between a wax model a core before producing the casting mold, the offset being located above the step to the side of the core.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1193006A2 true EP1193006A2 (en) 2002-04-03
EP1193006A3 EP1193006A3 (en) 2003-05-21
EP1193006B1 EP1193006B1 (en) 2005-08-31

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ID=7651569

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EP (1) EP1193006B1 (en)
DE (2) DE10038453A1 (en)

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US9403208B2 (en) 2010-12-30 2016-08-02 United Technologies Corporation Method and casting core for forming a landing for welding a baffle inserted in an airfoil
FR3035604B1 (en) * 2015-04-30 2023-01-13 Snecma PATTERN MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR LOST PATTERN FOUNDRY
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20020029863A1 (en) 2002-03-14
EP1193006A3 (en) 2003-05-21
DE50107262D1 (en) 2005-10-06
EP1193006B1 (en) 2005-08-31
DE10038453A1 (en) 2002-02-21
US6435256B1 (en) 2002-08-20

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