EP1139038B1 - Refrigeration plant - Google Patents

Refrigeration plant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1139038B1
EP1139038B1 EP01107908A EP01107908A EP1139038B1 EP 1139038 B1 EP1139038 B1 EP 1139038B1 EP 01107908 A EP01107908 A EP 01107908A EP 01107908 A EP01107908 A EP 01107908A EP 1139038 B1 EP1139038 B1 EP 1139038B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
suction
compressors
oil
refrigeration system
lines
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Application number
EP01107908A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1139038A1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Koch
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Carrier Kaeltetechnik Deutschland GmbH
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Linde Kaeltetechnik GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/002—Lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/02—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for separating lubricants from the refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a refrigeration system with at least two compressors connected in parallel, which in each case suck in the medium to be compressed via in each case one suction line from at least one suction collecting tube arranged upstream of the compressors.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration system in which the mentioned disadvantages are avoided.
  • a refrigeration system which is characterized in that the compressor housing via at least one U-tube-shaped oil equalization line are connected to each other and at least one additional line to the suction manifold.
  • the lines connecting the compressor housing and the suction collecting pipe are arranged at the lowest point of the suction collecting pipe.
  • the inlet openings of the suction lines leading from the suction collecting tube to the compressors are arranged in the upper region of the suction collecting tube.
  • This structural design of the refrigeration system according to the invention ensures that an intake of oil via the suction lines in the compressor can be largely avoided.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the refrigeration system according to the invention is characterized in that a respective filter device is arranged in the lines between the compressor housings and the suction manifold.
  • the figure shows three compressors V1 to V3 and a suction manifold S.
  • the medium to be compressed via line 1, which is divided into two lines 2 and 2 ', the suction manifold S supplied.
  • the medium to be compressed is supplied to the compressors V1 to V3 via the suction pipes 3, 3 'and 3.
  • "Oil entrained via the pipes 1, 2 and 2' accumulates at the bottom of the suction collecting pipe S.
  • the compressed medium becomes supplied from the compressors V1 to V3 via the pressure lines 4, 4 'and 4 "in a pressure manifold 5 and over this, for example, one or more, not shown in the figure, cooling points.
  • the pressure equalization between the compressor housings V1 to V3 takes place via these connecting lines 6, 6 'and 6 "and the suction manifold S. Furthermore, these connecting lines 6, 6' and 6" each have a filter device F1 to F3 which serve to remove dirt particles. on.
  • the refrigeration system according to the invention enables the realization of a reliable oil supply of all compressors, since the oil balance is always connected to a pressure equalization. Regardless of the current operating conditions of the compressors and the refrigeration system (full, partial load operation), a reliable oil supply of all compressors can thus be guaranteed at all times.

Abstract

Condenser casings (V1-V3) connect to each other via one or more U-shaped oil compensating pipes (7,8,8',8) and to a suction collecting tube (S) via one or more supplementary pipes (6,6',6). Inlets for suction pipes (3,3',3) running from the suction collecting tube to the condensers fit preferably in the upper area of the suction collecting tube.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kälteanlage mit wenigstens zwei parallel geschalteten Verdichtern, die über jeweils eine Saugleitung aus wenigstens einem den Verdichtern vorgeschalteten Saugsammelrohr das zu verdichtende Medium ansaugen.The invention relates to a refrigeration system with at least two compressors connected in parallel, which in each case suck in the medium to be compressed via in each case one suction line from at least one suction collecting tube arranged upstream of the compressors.

Bei Kälteanlagen stellt die betriebssichere Ölversorgung der Verdichter, die in einem gemeinsamen (Kältemittel)Kreislauf arbeiten, oftmals ein Problem dar. Zur Gewährleistung einer betriebssicheren Ölversorgung werden bisher unterschiedliche Ölstandsreguliersysteme, wie beispielsweise Ölspiegelregulatoren, verwendet. Diese unterliegen jedoch einem Verschleiss und erfordern bei anderen Systemen Einstellarbeiten am Ölsystem während der Inbetriebnahme. Zudem kann bei diesen Systemen überschüssiges Öl, das den Verdichtern über das angesaugte Gas zugeführt wird, nicht ausgeglichen werden.In refrigeration systems, the reliable oil supply of the compressors that operate in a common (refrigerant) circuit is often a problem. To ensure a reliable oil supply different oil level control systems, such as oil level regulators, are used so far. However, these are subject to wear and require in other systems adjustments to the oil system during commissioning. In addition, in these systems, excess oil, which is supplied to the compressors on the sucked gas, can not be compensated.

Aus DE-OS 198 23 525 ist eine Verbund(kälte)anlage mit wenigstens zwei Verdichtern bekannt, bei der zwischen den Verdichtergehäusen eine Ölausgleichsleitung dergestalt angeordnet ist, dass die Unterkante der an den Verdichtergehäusen vorgesehenen Anschlüsse der Ölausgleichsleitung über den Niveaus der Mindestölstände der Verdichter liegt. Nachteilig hierbei ist jedoch, dass bei unterschiedlichen Drücken in den Verdichtern aufgrund der dadurch entstehenden Strömungen zwischen den Verdichtern ein Gas- und Ölaustausch stattfindet. Dies hat zur Folge, dass sich in Abhängigkeit von der Betriebsdauer bzw. der Stillstandszeiten der Verdichter unterschiedliche Ölstände in den Verdichtern ausbilden können.From DE-OS 198 23 525 a composite (refrigeration) system with at least two compressors is known in which between the compressor housings an oil compensation line is arranged such that the lower edge of the provided on the compressor housing connections of the oil equalization line is above the levels of minimum oil levels of the compressor , The disadvantage here, however, that takes place at different pressures in the compressors due to the resulting flow between the compressors, a gas and oil exchange. This has the consequence that, depending on the operating time or the downtime of the compressor different oil levels can form in the compressors.

Aus der US 3 581 519 ist eine Kälteanlage bekannt, bei der das Ölniveau zwischen einer Mehrzahl von Verdichtern über eine gemeinsame Ölleitung ausgeglichen wird und bei der eine Einrichtung vorgesehen ist, um von dem System rücklaufendes Öl im Wesentlichen gleichmäßig zu jedem der Kompressoren zu verteilen.From US 3 581 519 a refrigeration system is known in which the oil level between a plurality of compressors is balanced via a common oil line and in which means are provided to distribute oil returning from the system substantially evenly to each of the compressors.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, eine Kälteanlage anzugeben, bei der die erwähnten Nachteile vermieden werden.Object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration system in which the mentioned disadvantages are avoided.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird eine Kälteanlage vorgeschlagen, die sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass die Verdichtergehäuse über wenigstens eine U-Rohr-förmige Ölausgleichsleitung miteinander und über wenigstens eine zusätzliche Leitung mit dem Saugsammelrohr verbunden sind.To solve this problem, a refrigeration system is proposed, which is characterized in that the compressor housing via at least one U-tube-shaped oil equalization line are connected to each other and at least one additional line to the suction manifold.

Erfindungsgemäß werden nunmehr getrennte Leitungen für den Öl- sowie den Druckausgleich zwischen den einzelnen Verdichtergehäusen vorgesehen. Somit erfolgt der Ölausgleich über die U-Rohr-förmige Ausgleichsleitung, während der Druckausgleich über das Saugsammelrohr bzw. die das Saugsammelrohr und die Verdichtergehäuse verbindenden Leitungen erfolgt. Jeder der Verdichter ist daher neben der Saugleitung über wenigstens eine weitere Leitung mit dem Saugsammelrohr verbunden. Der mit dieser Konstruktion verbundene apparative Mehraufwand wird jedoch durch die erzielten bzw. erzielbaren Vorteile kompensiert.According to the invention now separate lines for the oil and the pressure equalization between the individual compressor housings are provided. Thus, the oil balance via the U-tube-shaped equalization line, while the pressure equalization via the suction manifold or the suction manifold and the compressor housing connecting lines takes place. Each of the compressors is therefore connected to the suction manifold next to the suction line via at least one further line. However, the additional equipment associated with this construction is compensated by the achieved or achievable advantages.

In vorteilhafter Weise sind die die Verdichtergehäuse und das Saugsammelrohr verbindenden Leitungen am tiefsten Punkt des Saugsammelrohres angeordnet.Advantageously, the lines connecting the compressor housing and the suction collecting pipe are arranged at the lowest point of the suction collecting pipe.

Auf diese Weise wird - da sich das Öl am Boden des Saugsammelrohres ansammeltsichergestellt, dass das Öl aus dem Saugsammelrohr schnellstmöglich abgezogen und den Verdichtergehäusen zugeführt wird.In this way - as the oil accumulates at the bottom of the suction manifold, the oil is extracted from the suction manifold as quickly as possible and fed to the compressor housings.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kälteanlage weiterbildend wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Einlassöffnungen der aus dem Saugsammelrohr zu den Verdichtern führenden Saugleitungen im oberen Bereich des Saugsammelrohres angeordnet sind.Further developing the refrigeration system according to the invention, it is proposed that the inlet openings of the suction lines leading from the suction collecting tube to the compressors are arranged in the upper region of the suction collecting tube.

Durch diese konstruktive Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Kälteanlage wird erreicht, dass ein Ansaugen von Öl über die Saugleitungen in die Verdichter weitestgehend vermieden werden kann.This structural design of the refrigeration system according to the invention ensures that an intake of oil via the suction lines in the compressor can be largely avoided.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Kälteanlage zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass in den Leitungen zwischen den Verdichtergehäusen und dem Saugsammelrohr je eine Filtervorrichtung angeordnet ist.A further advantageous embodiment of the refrigeration system according to the invention is characterized in that a respective filter device is arranged in the lines between the compressor housings and the suction manifold.

Wurden bisher ein oder mehrere, parallel angeordnete, entsprechend groß dimensionierte und damit leistungsmindernde Filter in der in das Saugsammelrohr führenden Saugleitung vorgesehen, reichen nunmehr vergleichsweise klein dimensionierte Filter in den dem Gaseausgleich dienenden Leitungen zwischen den Verdichtergehäusen und dem Saugsammelrohr aus. Da ca. 98 % der in dem zu verdichtenden Medium enthaltenen Schmutzpartikel an das Öl bzw. die Öltröpfchen "gebunden" sind und von diesem bzw. diesen transportiert werden, kann mit diesen Filtern ein ausreichendes Reinigungsergebnis erzielt werden.So far, one or more, arranged in parallel, correspondingly large-sized and thus power-reducing filter provided in the suction line leading into the suction manifold now suffice comparatively small-sized filter in the gas equalization serving lines between the compressor housing and the suction manifold. Since about 98% of the dirt particles contained in the medium to be compressed to the oil or oil droplets are "bound" and transported by this or these can be achieved with these filters a sufficient cleaning result.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kälteanlage sowie weitere Ausgestaltungen derselben seien anhand des in der Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The refrigeration system according to the invention and further embodiments thereof are explained in more detail with reference to the embodiment shown in the figure.

Die Figur zeigt drei Verdichter V1 bis V3 sowie ein Saugsammelrohr S. Das zu verdichtende Medium wird über Leitung 1, die in zwei Leitungen 2 und 2' aufgeteilt wird, dem Saugsammelrohr S zugeführt. Aus dem Saugsammelrohr S wird das zu verdichtende Medium über die Saugleitungen 3, 3' und 3" den Verdichtern V1 bis V3 zugeführt. Über die Leitungen 1, 2 und 2' mitgerissenes Öl sammelt sich am Boden des Saugsammelrohres S an. Das verdichtete Medium wird aus den Verdichtern V1 bis V3 über die Druckleitungen 4, 4' und 4" in eine Drucksammelleitung 5 und über diese beispielsweise einer oder mehrerer, in der Figur nicht dargestellter Kühlstellen zugeführt.The figure shows three compressors V1 to V3 and a suction manifold S. The medium to be compressed via line 1, which is divided into two lines 2 and 2 ', the suction manifold S supplied. From the suction collecting pipe S, the medium to be compressed is supplied to the compressors V1 to V3 via the suction pipes 3, 3 'and 3. "Oil entrained via the pipes 1, 2 and 2' accumulates at the bottom of the suction collecting pipe S. The compressed medium becomes supplied from the compressors V1 to V3 via the pressure lines 4, 4 'and 4 "in a pressure manifold 5 and over this, for example, one or more, not shown in the figure, cooling points.

Die Verdichter V1 bis V3, die auf einer Ebene angeordnet sind, bzw. deren Gehäuse werden nunmehr erfindungsgemäß über eine U-Rohr-förmige Ausgleichsleitung 7, die über die Leitungen 8, 8' und 8" mit dem Verdichtergehäusen V1 bis V3 in Wirkverbindung steht, miteinander verbunden. Zwischen den Verdichtergehäusen und dem Saugsammelrohr S sind ferner Verbindungsleitungen 6, 6' und 6" vorgesehen.The compressors V1 to V3, which are arranged on one level, or their housing are now according to the invention via a U-tube-shaped compensation line 7, which is via the lines 8, 8 'and 8 "with the compressor housing V1 to V3 in operative connection Connected between the compressor housings and the suction collecting pipe S are furthermore connecting lines 6, 6 'and 6 ".

Über diese Verbindungsleitungen 6, 6' und 6" sowie das Saugsammelrohr S erfolgt erfindungsgemäß der Druckausgleich zwischen den Verdichtergehäusen V1 bis V3. Ferner weisen diese Verbindungsleitungen 6, 6' und 6" je eine Filtervorrichtung F1 bis F3, die der Entfernung von Schmutzpartikeln dienen, auf.According to the invention, the pressure equalization between the compressor housings V1 to V3 takes place via these connecting lines 6, 6 'and 6 "and the suction manifold S. Furthermore, these connecting lines 6, 6' and 6" each have a filter device F1 to F3 which serve to remove dirt particles. on.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kälteanlage ermöglicht die Realisierung einer zuverlässigen Ölversorgung aller Verdichter, da der Ölausgleich immer mit einem Druckausgleich verbunden ist. Unabhängig von den aktuellen Betriebszuständen der Verdichter und der Kälteanlage (Voll-, Teillastbetrieb), kann somit zu jeder Zeit eine betriebssichere Ölversorgung aller Verdichter gewährleistet werden.The refrigeration system according to the invention enables the realization of a reliable oil supply of all compressors, since the oil balance is always connected to a pressure equalization. Regardless of the current operating conditions of the compressors and the refrigeration system (full, partial load operation), a reliable oil supply of all compressors can thus be guaranteed at all times.

Claims (4)

  1. Refrigeration system with at least two compressors arranged in parallel each receiving the medium to be compressed via a suction line from at least one suction collection tube provided upstream of the compressors, wherein the compressor casings (V1, V2, V3) are in communication with one another at least via a U-shaped oil compensation line (7, 8, 8', 8"), characterized in that the compressor casings are in communication with one another via at least one additional line 6, 6', 6" which serves the purpose of pressure compensation between each of the sections of the oil compensation line (7, 8, 8', 8") connected to the casings (V1, V2, V3).
  2. Refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that the lines (6, 6', 6") connecting the compressor casings (V1, V2, V3) and the suction collection tube (S) are provided at the lowest point of the suction collection tube (S).
  3. Refrigeration system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inlets of the suction lines (3, 3', 3") leading from the suction collection tube (S) to the compressors (V1, V2, V3) is provided in the upper section of the suction collection tube (S).
  4. Refrigeration system according to any of the previous claims, characterized in that a filtration device (F1, F2, F3) is arranged in each of the lines (6, 6', 6") between the compressor casings (V1, V2, V3) and the suction collection tube (S).
EP01107908A 2000-03-29 2001-03-28 Refrigeration plant Expired - Lifetime EP1139038B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10015603A DE10015603A1 (en) 2000-03-29 2000-03-29 Refrigeration system
DE10015603 2000-03-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1139038A1 EP1139038A1 (en) 2001-10-04
EP1139038B1 true EP1139038B1 (en) 2006-07-12

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EP01107908A Expired - Lifetime EP1139038B1 (en) 2000-03-29 2001-03-28 Refrigeration plant

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EP (1) EP1139038B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE333077T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10015603A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2269246T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10252083A1 (en) * 2002-11-08 2004-05-27 Linde Ag refrigeration plant
JP4173784B2 (en) * 2003-08-29 2008-10-29 三星電子株式会社 Multi-compressor oil leveling system
US6983622B2 (en) * 2004-04-20 2006-01-10 Danfoss Commercial Compressors Gas distribution device
WO2009012795A1 (en) * 2007-07-24 2009-01-29 Carrier Corrporation Manifold for a multi-compressor refrigeration system
WO2014025963A1 (en) * 2012-08-09 2014-02-13 Thermo King Corporation Methods and devices to prevent fluid migration in a refrigeration system during an off cycle
CN104567147B (en) * 2013-10-23 2017-02-15 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Gas-liquid separation device and refrigerating unit

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2140415A (en) * 1937-05-03 1938-12-13 Frick Co Refrigeration system
US3633377A (en) * 1969-04-11 1972-01-11 Lester K Quick Refrigeration system oil separator
US3581519A (en) * 1969-07-18 1971-06-01 Emhart Corp Oil equalization system
US4383802A (en) * 1981-07-06 1983-05-17 Dunham-Bush, Inc. Oil equalization system for parallel connected compressors
DE3219023A1 (en) * 1982-05-19 1983-11-24 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden PLANT IN WHICH A REFRIGERANT IS CIRCLED
JPS61143659A (en) * 1984-12-18 1986-07-01 三菱電機株式会社 Refrigeration cycle device
US4750337A (en) * 1987-10-13 1988-06-14 American Standard Inc. Oil management in a parallel compressor arrangement
IT1238597B (en) * 1990-01-24 1993-08-18 Arneg CENTRAL REFRIGERATOR
US5327997A (en) * 1993-01-22 1994-07-12 Temprite, Inc. Lubrication management system
JP3229109B2 (en) * 1994-03-10 2001-11-12 三菱重工業株式会社 Refrigeration air conditioner
AUPM630094A0 (en) * 1994-06-17 1994-07-14 Refrigerant Monitoring Systems Pty Ltd Oil level control device
EP0838640A3 (en) * 1996-10-28 1998-06-17 Matsushita Refrigeration Company Oil level equalizing system for plural compressors
DE19823524A1 (en) * 1998-05-26 1999-12-02 Linde Ag Composite (cold) system and method for operating a composite (cold) system
DE19823525A1 (en) * 1998-05-26 1999-12-02 Linde Ag Composite (cold) system and method for operating a composite (cold) system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1139038A1 (en) 2001-10-04
DE50110427D1 (en) 2006-08-24
DE10015603A1 (en) 2001-10-04
ATE333077T1 (en) 2006-08-15
ES2269246T3 (en) 2007-04-01

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