EP1065316A1 - Composite steel-concrete bridge- or walk way structure, especially bridge with double composite beams under the deck - Google Patents
Composite steel-concrete bridge- or walk way structure, especially bridge with double composite beams under the deck Download PDFInfo
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- EP1065316A1 EP1065316A1 EP00401844A EP00401844A EP1065316A1 EP 1065316 A1 EP1065316 A1 EP 1065316A1 EP 00401844 A EP00401844 A EP 00401844A EP 00401844 A EP00401844 A EP 00401844A EP 1065316 A1 EP1065316 A1 EP 1065316A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- beams
- support
- structure according
- bridge structure
- slab
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title description 11
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004574 high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2/00—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure
- E01D2/02—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure of the I-girder type
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/12—Grating or flooring for bridges; Fastening railway sleepers or tracks to bridges
- E01D19/125—Grating or flooring for bridges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/20—Concrete, stone or stone-like material
- E01D2101/24—Concrete
- E01D2101/26—Concrete reinforced
- E01D2101/28—Concrete reinforced prestressed
- E01D2101/285—Composite prestressed concrete-metal
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of bridges or walkways to metal frame.
- Metal bridges most generally include a cover, a framework and a load-bearing system, the cover being the part of the deck that receives operating costs directly and transmits them to the carrier system, via possibly the metal framework conventionally formed by a network longitudinal (beams) and transverse (bridge parts) beams.
- the bearing system is frequently formed by two main beams connected by spacers and provided with stiffeners.
- Recent roofs are generally formed by orthotropic tiles or mixed slabs or reinforced concrete slabs sometimes with a transverse prestress.
- Orthotropic slabs are generally formed from a continuous sheet called sheet of decking or rolling plate more than ten millimeters of stiffened thickness in two perpendicular directions, by transverse bridge pieces and by equidistant longitudinal stiffeners called ribs.
- Orthotropic tiles have certain disadvantages.
- Mixed slabs include a continuous sheet connected to a slab of concrete, this sheet forming the lower reinforcement of the slab.
- the connectors used are most often vertical studs welded to the gun connected at the head by shooting steels.
- Reinforced concrete slabs, sometimes with transverse prestressing are associated with steel by different connectors, so as to ensure transmission efforts of the framework and a certain transverse rigidity.
- the most common connectors are angles or vertical studs.
- Bridges whose supporting system consists of metal beams and whose the cover is a reinforced concrete slab are called composite bridges.
- the invention relates more particularly to such bridges or walkways.
- the slab can sometimes rest directly on the main beams braced by triangulated beams for example, the spacers can be removed when the span of the bridge is small.
- the slab of mixed bridges can in other cases be in longitudinal support on the main beams and in transverse support on the bridge parts.
- the slab of mixed bridges can in other cases be supported on the beams main only, these beams then being braced.
- spans for mixed bridges is from 30 to 110m approximately for continuous spans and approximately 25 to 90m for spans independent.
- the invention relates more particularly to twin-girder composite bridges.
- the beams are most often with a solid core, the core and the soles being assembled by four angle weld beads.
- the invention relates to a double girder composite bridge structure, in particular but not exclusively of twin-girder composite bridges with beams under the roadway, not having the drawbacks of bridges of this type known in the art prior.
- the invention reveals a simple structure of a double girder composite bridge. resistant to side impact by oversized convoys for example, this structure further avoiding the use of gussets and spacers, construction of the said bridge not otherwise necessitating the stopping of traffic on the tracks crossed by the bridge.
- the invention relates, according to a first aspect, to a bridge structure or of a concrete-steel gangway, comprising at least one support beam in steel of the concrete cover slab, said support beam comprising a internal cavity filled with a binder.
- the support beam is completely closed except for its ends.
- the bridge structure comprises two beams placed under pavement.
- the bridge structure comprises two beams placed laterally above the roadway.
- Each support beam can be provided with internal reinforcement.
- Each support beam can be produced by longitudinal welding of at least two elementary beams.
- each support beam is developed by welding of two H-shaped beams so that the support beams have two soles substantially opposite one another and parallel between them, connected by two core walls substantially perpendicular to the soles and facing each other.
- each support beam is made of high-limit steel elastic and is filled with a hydraulic binder such as concrete, for example concrete high performance.
- Support beams are assembled to the cover slab by studs placed in reservations of said slab, a support piece being placed in a reservation of the cover slab, between the upper sole of each support beam and said slab, this support piece being provided with a projection projecting against said upper sole.
- a bridge deck of which only half is shown in cross section in this figure 1 - the other half being symmetrical with the first half shown - includes a concrete slab 1, covering, resting on two beams 2.
- the second half of the bridge is not symmetrical to the first, and / or the concrete slab 1 rests on more than two beams 2, for example three beams 2.
- the section plane of Figure 1 is defined by a first direction D1 substantially horizontal called transverse and a second direction D2 substantially vertical.
- a third direction D3 forms with the other two directions a trihedron, this third direction being said to be longitudinal.
- top top
- height top
- thickness thickness
- the deck is supported by two beams 2 placed under the floor.
- the deck is not supported only by a single longitudinal beam, or on the contrary by more than two beams longitudinal.
- the two beams are placed laterally above the roadway.
- the cover slab 1 is of variable thickness, in the embodiment represented: starting from a longitudinal longitudinal edge of this slab and going towards the center of this, the thickness increases, reaches a maximum value plumb of each beam 2 then decreases then remains constant over a certain width of the slab.
- a central thickness of cover slab of 20cm, for a center distance E of beams of 4.5m and side cantilevers 3 of about 2m can be obtained by an embodiment in accordance with Figure 1.
- An apron width of 8m approximately is thus obtained.
- the thickness of the slab is substantially constant over its entire width.
- the slab can be made of concrete conventional.
- the slab is made of high performance concrete, its mechanical resistance in compression at 28 days being for example greater than 80MPa.
- the slab can be prestressed longitudinally, in particular when the apron is very wide.
- Mono strands of the order of 150KN tension useful arranged with a pitch of 30cm can for example be used, the active anchors being placed alternately on one side and the other of the slab.
- the cover slab 1 supports, in addition to the road surface of pavement 5, longitudinal passages on the banks of cables 6 of different diameters for telephone, electrical and other.
- a border 7 separates the roadway 5 from the sidewalks 8 under which are placed the cable passages 6.
- a single sidewalk is provided and / or a only one of the two sidewalks is placed above cable passages.
- a bodyguard 9 is placed at the side edge of the sidewalk (s) 8.
- a facing 10 is secured to the longitudinal side faces of the deck.
- Each beam 2 has a core filled with a rigid material based on a binder hydraulic 11, called “binder”, or any other material having mechanical characteristics comparable to those of such a binder 11.
- This binder can be chosen from the group comprising concretes based on Portland cements, blast furnace cements, pozzolanic cements, aluminous cements, high performance concretes, concrete based on resin, fiber concretes and their equivalents.
- binder 11 depends among other things on the dimensions and efforts to be taken into account for the beams 2.
- each beam 2 comprises two substantially opposite and horizontal flanges 12, of thickness e 12 greater than the width I 13 of the two substantially vertical walls 13 and opposite these two flanges 12.
- Beams can be formed by assembling two H-sections, by example HE 800A, welded together by weld beads longitudinal.
- the beams have sections transverse polygonal, and in particular hexagonal.
- the two walls of cores 13 are pleated regularly or not.
- the materials used to make the beams 2 can be chosen among the group comprising general purpose structural steels (and especially those mentioned in standard EN-10-025), high-strength steels elastic limit (and in particular those defined by standard EN-10-113), steels of structures with improved resistance to atmospheric corrosion and their equivalent.
- the webs of beams and the flanges are formed by a single steel.
- the cores are made of a material different from that of the soles (for example, a steel with high elastic limit for soles and general purpose structural steel for cores).
- the beams 2 can be provided with an internal reinforcement, the fixing of the stirrups, frames and reinforcement of this reinforcement which may be at least partly internal to beam 2 so as not to affect its visual appearance.
- This internal reinforcement is optional, it is not necessary to secure the various welded parts of the beam 2.
- the Internal reinforcement is also not necessarily connected to beam 2.
- the filling of a beam 2 with the binder 11 is generally carried out on the site by one of the ends of said beam 2, hereinafter called the end of filling.
- a vent is provided in said beam 2, this vent being preferably located in height, especially if the profile of the beam 2 is curved.
- the beams 2 it is therefore not necessary for the beams 2 to have holes for filling on their upper surface.
- the presence of such holes leads in general to a weakening of the metal section, especially in the provisional phase, when the beams are not yet filled with binder. Sizing of the beam section must take this weakening into account.
- the invention thus solves this problem, the absence of holes also reducing the cost of manufacturing the beams.
- filling control orifices can be made on the beams 2, these holes in no case serving to fill said beams 2, and can therefore be small.
- the filling of these beams can be partial, the role of the binder being mainly to avoid local phenomena of local wall buckling of souls, also called blistering.
- the width of the soles 12 was 60 cm, the height of the beams of 79cm, the beams filled with concrete being formed by assembling two sections of the type HE 800A welded.
- the beams 2 are in the embodiment shown fixed to the slab of cover 1 by studs 14 such as Nelson studs.
- a support piece forming renformis 16 or equivalent is provided in a reservation located on the underside of slab 1, in line with the sole top of each beam 2.
- This support piece has a substantially horizontal lower face 17, at the exception of its central part provided with a projection 18 bearing against the upper sole of the beam 2 placed opposite.
- Two seals 19 are placed laterally between the underside 17 of the part support 16 and the upper flange of each beam 2.
- a binder, not shown, poured into the reservations 15 of the slab allows assembling the beams 2 to this cover slab 1.
- Two studs or four studs can be provided depending on the loads of scheduled service.
- the bridge structure obtained does not require any reinforcing strut connecting the support beams below and at a distance from the cover slab nor therefore ipso facto no reinforcement gusset between spacer and support beams, unlike twin girder composite bridge structures known in the art prior.
- Filling steel beams with a binder greatly improves stability of these beams in large deformations, in particular during impacts by oversized convoys.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention se rapporte au domaine technique des ponts ou passerelles à ossature métallique.The invention relates to the technical field of bridges or walkways to metal frame.
Les principaux avantages de l'ossature métallique sont :
- l'excellent rapport poids/ performance du matériau acier ;
- la rapidité d'exécution.
- the excellent weight / performance ratio of the steel material;
- speed of execution.
On connaít déjà dans l'art antérieur, différentes conceptions de tels ponts ou passerelles.We already know in the prior art, different designs of such bridges or gateways.
On peut se reporter, par exemple, aux documents suivants : EP-A-501 730, FR-A-2 622 907, FR-A-2 693 491, FR-A-2 616 166, FR-A-2 698 111.Reference may be made, for example, to the following documents: EP-A-501 730, FR-A-2 622 907, FR-A-2 693 491, FR-A-2 616 166, FR-A-2 698 111.
Les ponts métalliques comprennent le plus généralement une couverture, une ossature et un système porteur, la couverture étant la partie du pont qui reçoit directement les charges d'exploitation et les transmet au système porteur, via éventuellement l'ossature métallique formée conventionnellement par un réseau de poutres longitudinales (longerons) et transversales (pièces de pont).Metal bridges most generally include a cover, a framework and a load-bearing system, the cover being the part of the deck that receives operating costs directly and transmits them to the carrier system, via possibly the metal framework conventionally formed by a network longitudinal (beams) and transverse (bridge parts) beams.
Le système porteur est fréquemment formé par deux poutres principales reliées par des entretoises et pourvues de raidisseurs.The bearing system is frequently formed by two main beams connected by spacers and provided with stiffeners.
Les couvertures récentes sont généralement formées par des dalles orthotropes ou des dalles mixtes ou des dalles en béton armé parfois dotées d'une précontrainte transversale.Recent roofs are generally formed by orthotropic tiles or mixed slabs or reinforced concrete slabs sometimes with a transverse prestress.
Les dalles orthotropes sont formées généralement d'une tôle continue dite tôle de platelage ou tôle de roulement de plus de dix millimètres d'épaisseur raidie selon deux directions perpendiculaires, par des pièces de pont transversales et par des raidisseurs longitudinaux équidistants appelés nervures.Orthotropic slabs are generally formed from a continuous sheet called sheet of decking or rolling plate more than ten millimeters of stiffened thickness in two perpendicular directions, by transverse bridge pieces and by equidistant longitudinal stiffeners called ribs.
Les dalles orthotropes présentent certains inconvénients. Orthotropic tiles have certain disadvantages.
En particulier, la variation des contraintes de flexion transversale lors du passage des véhicules lourds peut entraíner l'apparition de fissures de fatigues dans les tôles de platelage.In particular, the variation in transverse bending stresses during passage of heavy vehicles can lead to the appearance of fatigue cracks in the decking sheets.
Ce risque de fatigue est augmenté par la présence de nombreuses soudures dans l'ossature.This risk of fatigue is increased by the presence of numerous welds in the frame.
Par ailleurs, la quantité d'acier utilisée est élevée et les opérations de réglage et d'usinage sont délicates, de sorte que la couverture est onéreuse.Furthermore, the quantity of steel used is high and the adjustment and machining are tricky, so the cover is expensive.
Les dalles mixtes comprennent une tôle continue connectée à une dalle de béton, cette tôle formant armature inférieure de la dalle. Les connecteurs utilisés sont le plus souvent des goujons verticaux soudés au pistolet reliés en tête par des aciers filants.Mixed slabs include a continuous sheet connected to a slab of concrete, this sheet forming the lower reinforcement of the slab. The connectors used are most often vertical studs welded to the gun connected at the head by shooting steels.
Les dalles mixtes présentent des inconvénients.Mixed tiles have drawbacks.
En particulier, elles ne conviennent que pour des portées réduites, pour des raisons de stabilité de forme pendant le coulage du béton.In particular, they are only suitable for reduced spans, for reasons of shape stability during the pouring of concrete.
Les dalles en béton armé, parfois dotées d'une précontrainte transversale sont associées à l'acier par différents connecteurs, de sorte à assurer la transmission des efforts de l'ossature et une certaine rigidité transversale.Reinforced concrete slabs, sometimes with transverse prestressing are associated with steel by different connectors, so as to ensure transmission efforts of the framework and a certain transverse rigidity.
Les connecteurs les plus fréquents sont des cornières ou des goujons verticaux.The most common connectors are angles or vertical studs.
Les ponts dont le système porteur est constitué de poutres métalliques et dont la couverture est une dalle de béton armé sont appelés ponts mixtes.Bridges whose supporting system consists of metal beams and whose the cover is a reinforced concrete slab are called composite bridges.
L'invention se rapporte plus particulièrement à de tels ponts ou passerelles.The invention relates more particularly to such bridges or walkways.
Dans de tels ponts mixtes, la dalle peut parfois reposer directement sur les poutres principales entretoisées par des poutres triangulées par exemple, les entretoises pouvant être supprimées lorsque la portée du pont est faible. In such mixed bridges, the slab can sometimes rest directly on the main beams braced by triangulated beams for example, the spacers can be removed when the span of the bridge is small.
La dalle des ponts mixtes peut dans d'autres cas être en appui longitudinal sur les poutres principales et en appui transversal sur les pièces de pont.The slab of mixed bridges can in other cases be in longitudinal support on the main beams and in transverse support on the bridge parts.
La dalle des ponts mixtes peut dans d'autres cas être en appui sur les poutres principales uniquement, ces poutres étant alors entretoisées.The slab of mixed bridges can in other cases be supported on the beams main only, these beams then being braced.
La gamme usuelle des portées pour les ponts mixtes va de 30 à 110m environ pour les travées continues et de 25 à 90m environ pour les travées indépendantes.The usual range of spans for mixed bridges is from 30 to 110m approximately for continuous spans and approximately 25 to 90m for spans independent.
Les types de conceptions de ces ponts mixtes actuellement les plus fréquemment mises en oeuvre sont :
- les bipoutres mixtes qui comme leur nom l'indique comprennent deux
poutres reliées le plus souvent :
- par des pièces de pont pour l'appui transversal de la dalle ;
- par des entretoises soudées perpendiculairement et à mi-hauteur des poutres, pour des tabliers relativement étroits ;
- les ponts mixtes à caisson :
- avec dalle en béton en appui sur les parois du caisson et sur des éléments transversaux éventuels ;
- avec dalle mixte telle que présentée ci dessus, à caisson unique ou multicaissons.
- mixed twin girders which, as their name suggests, include two beams most often connected:
- by bridge parts for the transverse support of the slab;
- by spacers welded perpendicularly and halfway up the beams, for relatively narrow decks;
- mixed box bridges:
- with concrete slab resting on the walls of the box and on any transverse elements;
- with mixed slab as presented above, with single box or multi-boxes.
L'invention se rapporte plus particulièrement aux ponts mixtes bipoutres.The invention relates more particularly to twin-girder composite bridges.
Pour les ponts mixtes bipoutres, les poutres sont le plus souvent à âme pleine, l'âme et les semelles étant assemblées par quatre cordons de soudure d'angle.For twin-girder composite bridges, the beams are most often with a solid core, the core and the soles being assembled by four angle weld beads.
Ces poutres à âme pleine présentent divers inconvénients :
- leur sensibilité aux instabilités de forme, par déformation inhabituelle par rapport à celles qui peuvent être prévues par la résistance des matériaux classique. En particulier, les chocs liés par exemple au passage d'un convoi hors gabarit conduisent à une plasticité en grandes déformations, difficilement prévisible par calcul. De tels chocs, s'ils n'entraínent pas toujours la ruine de l'ouvrage, provoquent des dégâts difficiles à réparer sans travaux de grande envergure ;
- leur sensibilité à la fatigue, en dépit des normes strictes en vigueur (Eurocodes) ne peut être négligée et ce d'autant que, le plus souvent, des amorces de fissures existent dès la construction de l'ouvrage, par non-pénétration des soudures d'angle par exemple.
- their sensitivity to instabilities of form, by unusual deformation compared to those which can be predicted by the resistance of conventional materials. In particular, the shocks linked for example to the passage of an oversized convoy lead to plasticity in large deformations, difficult to predict by calculation. Such shocks, if they do not always lead to the ruin of the structure, cause damage which is difficult to repair without large-scale work;
- their sensitivity to fatigue, despite the strict standards in force (Eurocodes) cannot be overlooked, especially since, most often, crack initiations exist from the construction of the structure, by non-penetration of the welds angle for example.
L'invention se rapporte à une structure de pont mixte bipoutre, en particulier mais non exclusivement de ponts mixtes bipoutres à poutres sous chaussée, ne présentant pas les inconvénients des ponts de ce type connus dans l'art antérieur.The invention relates to a double girder composite bridge structure, in particular but not exclusively of twin-girder composite bridges with beams under the roadway, not having the drawbacks of bridges of this type known in the art prior.
En particulier, l'invention révèle une structure simple de pont mixte bipoutre résistant aux chocs latéraux par des convois hors gabarit par exemple, cette structure évitant de plus l'emploi de goussets et d'entretoises, la construction dudit pont ne nécessitant par ailleurs pas l'arrêt de la circulation sur les voies franchies par le pont.In particular, the invention reveals a simple structure of a double girder composite bridge. resistant to side impact by oversized convoys for example, this structure further avoiding the use of gussets and spacers, construction of the said bridge not otherwise necessitating the stopping of traffic on the tracks crossed by the bridge.
A cette fin l'invention concerne, selon un premier aspect une structure de pont ou de passerelle mixte béton-acier, comprenant au moins une poutre support en acier de la dalle de couverture en béton, ladite poutre support comprenant une cavité interne remplie d'un liant. De préférence, la poutre support est totalement fermée à l'exception de ses extrémités.To this end, the invention relates, according to a first aspect, to a bridge structure or of a concrete-steel gangway, comprising at least one support beam in steel of the concrete cover slab, said support beam comprising a internal cavity filled with a binder. Preferably, the support beam is completely closed except for its ends.
Dans une réalisation, la structure de pont comprend deux poutres placées sous la chaussée.In one embodiment, the bridge structure comprises two beams placed under pavement.
Dans une autre réalisation, la structure de pont comprend deux poutres placées latéralement au-dessus de la chaussée. In another embodiment, the bridge structure comprises two beams placed laterally above the roadway.
Chaque poutre support peut être pourvue d'un ferraillage interne. Chaque poutre support peut être élaborée par soudage longitudinal d'au moins deux poutres élémentaires.Each support beam can be provided with internal reinforcement. Each support beam can be produced by longitudinal welding of at least two elementary beams.
Dans une réalisation particulière, chaque poutre support est élaborée par soudage de deux poutres en forme de H de sorte à ce que les poutres support présentent deux semelles sensiblement en regard l'une de l'autre et parallèles entre elles, reliées par deux parois d'âme sensiblement perpendiculaires aux semelles et en regard l'une de l'autre.In a particular embodiment, each support beam is developed by welding of two H-shaped beams so that the support beams have two soles substantially opposite one another and parallel between them, connected by two core walls substantially perpendicular to the soles and facing each other.
Dans une réalisation, chaque poutre support est réalisée en acier à haute limite élastique et est remplie d'un liant hydraulique tel que béton, par exemple béton à haute performance.In one embodiment, each support beam is made of high-limit steel elastic and is filled with a hydraulic binder such as concrete, for example concrete high performance.
Les poutres support sont assemblées à la dalle de couverture par des goujons placés dans des réservations de ladite dalle, une pièce d'appui étant placée dans une réservation de la dalle de couverture, entre la semelle supérieure de chaque poutre support et ladite dalle, cette pièce d'appui étant pourvue d'une saillie en appui contre ladite semelle supérieure.Support beams are assembled to the cover slab by studs placed in reservations of said slab, a support piece being placed in a reservation of the cover slab, between the upper sole of each support beam and said slab, this support piece being provided with a projection projecting against said upper sole.
D'autres objets et avantages de l'invention apparaítront au cours de la description suivante de modes de réalisation, description qui va être effectuée en se référant aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :
- la figure 1 est une vue en coupe transversale partielle d'une structure de pont mixte bipoutre à poutres sous chaussée, selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
- la figure 2 est une vue de détail d'un mode de réalisation des connecteurs de liaison entre poutre et dalle de couverture ;
- la figure 3 est une vue analogue à la figure 2 d'un autre mode de réalisation desdits connecteurs.
- Figure 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a dual-girder composite bridge structure with beams under the roadway, according to an embodiment of the invention;
- Figure 2 is a detail view of an embodiment of the connecting connectors between beam and cover slab;
- Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 of another embodiment of said connectors.
On se rapporte tout d'abord à la figure 1. We first refer to Figure 1.
Un tablier de pont, dont seule une moitié est représentée en coupe transversale
sur cette figure 1 - l'autre moitié étant symétrique de la première moitié
représentée - comprend une dalle en béton 1, de couverture, reposant sur deux
poutres 2.A bridge deck, of which only half is shown in cross section
in this figure 1 - the other half being symmetrical with the first half
shown - includes a
Dans d'autres modes de réalisation, non représentés, la deuxième moitié du
pont n'est pas symétrique de la première, et/ou la dalle de béton 1 repose sur
plus de deux poutres 2, par exemple trois poutres 2.In other embodiments, not shown, the second half of the
bridge is not symmetrical to the first, and / or the
Le plan de coupe de la figure 1 est défini par une première direction D1 sensiblement horizontale dite transversale et une deuxième direction D2 sensiblement verticale.The section plane of Figure 1 is defined by a first direction D1 substantially horizontal called transverse and a second direction D2 substantially vertical.
Une troisième direction D3 forme avec les deux autres directions un trièdre, cette troisième direction étant dite longitudinale.A third direction D3 forms with the other two directions a trihedron, this third direction being said to be longitudinal.
Les termes « large », « largeur » seront employés en référence à la première direction D1.The terms "wide", "width" will be used with reference to the first direction D1.
Les termes « haut », « hauteur », « épaisseur » seront employés en référence à la deuxième direction D2.The terms "top", "height", "thickness" will be used with reference to the second direction D2.
Les termes « longitudinal », « longueur» seront employés en référence à la troisième direction D3.The terms "longitudinal", "length" will be used with reference to the third direction D3.
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, le tablier est supporté par deux poutres
2 placées sous la chaussée.In the embodiment shown, the deck is supported by two
Dans d'autres modes de réalisation, non représentés, le tablier n'est supporté que par une seule poutre longitudinale, ou au contraire par plus de deux poutres longitudinales.In other embodiments, not shown, the deck is not supported only by a single longitudinal beam, or on the contrary by more than two beams longitudinal.
Dans d'autres modes encore de réalisation, non représentés, les deux poutres sont placées latéralement au-dessus de la chaussée. In still other embodiments, not shown, the two beams are placed laterally above the roadway.
La dalle de couverture 1 est d'épaisseur variable, dans la réalisation
représentée : partant d'un bord longitudinal latéral de cette dalle et allant vers le
centre de celle ci, l'épaisseur augmente, atteint une valeur maximum à l'aplomb
de chaque poutre 2 puis décroít puis reste constante sur une certaine largeur de
la dalle.The
Une épaisseur centrale de dalle de couverture de 20cm, pour un entraxe E des
poutres de 4,5m et des encorbellements latéraux 3 de 2 m environ peuvent être
obtenus par une réalisation conforme à la figure 1. Une largeur de tablier de 8m
environ est ainsi obtenue.A central thickness of cover slab of 20cm, for a center distance E of
beams of 4.5m and
Dans la suite du texte, les indications numériques feront référence au dimensionnement ci dessus, réalisé pour un pont de porté de l'ordre de quinze à trente mètres à une deux ou trois travées, couramment mis en oeuvre par exemple pour les franchissements d'autoroutes.In the following text, the numerical indications will refer to the sizing above, carried out for a span bridge of the order of fifteen to thirty meters to one two or three spans, commonly implemented by example for highway crossings.
Dans d'autres modes de réalisation, non représentés, l'épaisseur de la dalle est sensiblement constante sur toute sa largeur. La dalle peut être réalisée en béton conventionnel.In other embodiments, not shown, the thickness of the slab is substantially constant over its entire width. The slab can be made of concrete conventional.
Dans un mode de réalisation, la dalle est réalisée en béton haute performance, sa résistance mécanique en compression à 28 jours étant par exemple supérieure à 80MPa.In one embodiment, the slab is made of high performance concrete, its mechanical resistance in compression at 28 days being for example greater than 80MPa.
La dalle peut être précontrainte longitudinalement, en particulier lorsque le tablier est de grande largeur. Des mono torons de l'ordre de 150KN de tension utile disposés avec un pas de 30cm peuvent par exemple être utilisés, les ancrages actifs étant placés alternativement d'un côté et de l'autre de la dalle.The slab can be prestressed longitudinally, in particular when the apron is very wide. Mono strands of the order of 150KN tension useful arranged with a pitch of 30cm can for example be used, the active anchors being placed alternately on one side and the other of the slab.
Dans la réalisation considérée, douze câbles de précontrainte SEEE 4T15S
sont prévus dans des gaines 4.In the considered embodiment, twelve SEEE 4T15S prestressing cables
are provided in
Dans la réalisation représentée, la dalle de couverture 1 supporte, outre le
revêtement routier de la chaussée 5, des passages longitudinaux en rives de
câbles 6 de différents diamètres pour les réseaux téléphoniques, électriques et
autres.In the embodiment shown, the
Une bordure 7 sépare la chaussée 5 des trottoirs 8 sous lesquels sont placés
les passages de câbles 6.A
Dans d'autres modes de réalisation, un seul trottoir latéral est prévu et/ou un seul des deux trottoirs est placé au-dessus de passages de câbles.In other embodiments, a single sidewalk is provided and / or a only one of the two sidewalks is placed above cable passages.
Un garde corps 9 est placé en bordure latérale du ou des trottoirs 8. Un
parement 10 est solidarisé sur les faces latérales longitudinales du tablier.A
On décrit maintenant plus spécifiquement les poutres longitudinales 2 et leur
fixation sur la dalle de couverture 1.We now describe more specifically the
Chaque poutre 2 est à âme remplie d'un matériau rigide à base de liant
hydraulique 11, dit " liant ", ou tout autre matériau présentant des
caractéristiques mécaniques comparables à celles d'un tel liant 11.Each
Ce liant peut être choisi parmi le groupe comprenant les bétons à base de ciments Portland, de ciments de hauts fourneaux, de ciments pouzzolaniques, de ciments alumineux, les bétons à hautes performances, les bétons à base de résine, les bétons de fibres et leurs équivalents.This binder can be chosen from the group comprising concretes based on Portland cements, blast furnace cements, pozzolanic cements, aluminous cements, high performance concretes, concrete based on resin, fiber concretes and their equivalents.
Ainsi qu'il apparaítra clairement à l'homme de métier, le choix du liant 11
dépend entre autres des dimensions et efforts à prendre en compte pour les
poutres 2.As will clearly appear to those skilled in the art, the choice of
Dans la réalisation considérée, chaque poutre 2 comprend deux semelles 12
sensiblement en regard et horizontales, d'épaisseur e12 supérieure à la largeur
I13 des deux parois 13 sensiblement verticales et en regard joignant ces deux
semelles 12. In the embodiment under consideration, each
Les poutres peuvent être formées par l'assemblage de deux sections en H, par exemple HE 800A, soudées entre elles par des cordons de soudure longitudinaux.Beams can be formed by assembling two H-sections, by example HE 800A, welded together by weld beads longitudinal.
Ces cordons de soudure étant disposés longitudinalement ne sont pas fortement sensibles aux phénomènes d'endommagement par fatigue.These weld beads being arranged longitudinally are not highly sensitive to fatigue damage phenomena.
Dans d'autres modes de réalisation, les poutres présentent des sections transversales polygonales, et notamment hexagonales.In other embodiments, the beams have sections transverse polygonal, and in particular hexagonal.
Dans d'autres modes encore de réalisation, les deux parois d'âmes 13 sont
plissées régulièrement ou non.In still other embodiments, the two walls of
Les matériaux employés pour la réalisation des poutres 2 peuvent être choisis
parmi le groupe comprenant les aciers de construction d'usage général (et
notamment ceux mentionnés dans la norme EN-10-025), les aciers à haute
limite élastique (et notamment ceux définis par la norme EN-10-113), les aciers
de constructions à résistance améliorée à la corrosion atmosphérique et leurs
équivalents.The materials used to make the
Dans un mode de réalisation, les âmes de poutres et les semelles sont formés par un seul et même acier.In one embodiment, the webs of beams and the flanges are formed by a single steel.
Dans d'autres modes de réalisation, les âmes sont réalisées en un matériau différent de celui des semelles (par exemple, un acier à haute limite élastique pour les semelles et un acier de construction d'usage général pour les âmes).In other embodiments, the cores are made of a material different from that of the soles (for example, a steel with high elastic limit for soles and general purpose structural steel for cores).
Les poutres 2 peuvent être pourvues d'un ferraillage interne, la fixation des
étriers, cadres et armature de ce ferraillage pouvant être au moins en partie
interne à la poutre 2 de sorte à ne pas en affecter l'aspect visuel.The
La présence de ce ferraillage interne est optionnel, celui-ci n'étant pas
nécessaire à la solidarisation des différentes parties soudées de la poutre 2. Le
ferraillage interne n'est pas non plus nécessairement connecté à la poutre 2. The presence of this internal reinforcement is optional, it is not
necessary to secure the various welded parts of the
Le remplissage d'une poutre 2 par le liant 11 s'effectue généralement sur le
chantier par l'une des extrémités de ladite poutre 2, dite par la suite extrémité de
remplissage.The filling of a
On relie une pompe à liant par un raccord à cette extrémité de remplissage, puis
le liant 11 est mis en place dans la poutre 2 par pompage.We connect a binder pump by a fitting to this filling end, then
the
Afin de faciliter le remplissage de la poutre 2, un évent est prévu dans ladite
poutre 2, cet évent étant de préférence situé en hauteur, surtout si le profil de la
poutre 2 est courbe.In order to facilitate the filling of the
L'ouvrabilité du liant utilisé et sa capacité d'écoulement en milieu confiné doivent être adaptés ainsi qu'il apparaít à l'homme du métier, pour assurer le remplissage souhaité des poutres armées.The workability of the binder used and its flow capacity in a confined environment must be adapted as it appears to the skilled person, to ensure the desired filling of reinforced beams.
Le milieu étant confiné, il est difficile de vibrer le liant. Par conséquent, on utilise de préférence des béton auto-plaçants, ou au moins auto-compactants ou auto-nivelants.The medium being confined, it is difficult to vibrate the binder. Therefore, we use preferably self-placing concrete, or at least self-compacting or self-leveling.
Il n'est donc pas nécessaire que les poutres 2 comportent des trous de
remplissage sur leur surface supérieure. La présence de tels trous conduit en
général à un affaiblissement de la section de métal, surtout en phase provisoire,
lorsque les poutres ne sont pas encore remplies de liant. Le dimensionnement
de la section des poutres doit tenir compte de cet affaiblissement. L'invention
permet donc de résoudre ce problème, l'absence de trous réduisant par ailleurs
le coût de fabrication des poutres.It is therefore not necessary for the
Toutefois, des orifices de contrôle du remplissage peuvent être pratiqués sur les
poutres 2, ces orifices ne servant en aucun cas au remplissage desdites
poutres 2, et pouvant donc être de faible dimension.However, filling control orifices can be made on the
Le remplissage de ces poutres peut être partiel, le rôle du liant étant principalement d'éviter les phénomènes locaux de flambement local des parois d'âmes, encore appelés cloquage. The filling of these beams can be partial, the role of the binder being mainly to avoid local phenomena of local wall buckling of souls, also called blistering.
Plusieurs bétons, de nature différentes, peuvent être employés pour ce remplissage, en fonction par exemple de la répartition des efforts prévus en service sur la longueur des poutres.Several concretes, of different types, can be used for this filling, depending for example on the distribution of the forces provided for service along the length of the beams.
Pour les dimensions de tablier mentionnées ci dessus, la largeur des
semelles 12 était de 60 cm, la hauteur des poutres de 79cm, les poutres
remplies de bétons étant formées par assemblages de deux sections de type
HE 800A soudées.For the dimensions of the deck mentioned above, the width of the
On se rapporte maintenant aux figures 2 et 3.We now refer to Figures 2 and 3.
Les poutres 2 sont dans le mode de réalisation représenté fixé à la dalle de
couverture 1 par des goujons 14 tels que des goujons Nelson.The
Ces goujons sont placés dans des réservations 15 de la dalle 1, à l'aplomb de la
semelle supérieure des poutres et sensiblement perpendiculairement à cette
semelle.These studs are placed in
Ces réservations sont par exemple cylindriques et traversent toute l'épaisseur
de la dalle 1These reservations are for example cylindrical and cross the entire thickness
from
Une pièce d'appui formant renformis 16 ou équivalent est prévue dans une
réservation sise en face inférieure de la dalle 1, au droit de la semelle
supérieure de chaque poutre 2.A support
Cette pièce d'appui présente une face inférieure 17 sensiblement horizontale, à
l'exception de sa partie centrale pourvue d'une saillie 18 venant en appui contre
la semelle supérieure de la poutre 2 placée en regard.This support piece has a substantially horizontal lower face 17, at
the exception of its central part provided with a
Deux joints 19 sont placés latéralement entre la face inférieure 17 de la pièce
d 'appui 16 et la semelle supérieure de chaque poutre 2.Two
Un liant, non représenté, coulé dans les réservations 15 de la dalle permet
l'assemblage des poutres 2 à cette dalle de couverture 1. A binder, not shown, poured into the
Deux goujons ou quatre goujons peuvent être prévus suivant les charges de service prévues.Two studs or four studs can be provided depending on the loads of scheduled service.
La structure de pont obtenue ne nécessite aucune entretoise de renfort reliant les poutres support en-dessous et à distance de la dalle de couverture ni donc ipso facto aucun gousset de renfort entre entretoise et poutres support, contrairement aux structures de ponts mixtes bipoutres connues dans l'art antérieur.The bridge structure obtained does not require any reinforcing strut connecting the support beams below and at a distance from the cover slab nor therefore ipso facto no reinforcement gusset between spacer and support beams, unlike twin girder composite bridge structures known in the art prior.
Bien que les largeurs des tabliers réalisables suivant la structure de pont décrite ci dessus soient assez élevées, il n'est pas davantage nécessaire de prévoir de pièces de pont reliant les poutres support en-dessous de la dalle de couverture sur lesquelles s'appuie longitudinalement la dalle de couverture.Although the widths of the decks achievable according to the bridge structure described above are quite high, it is no more necessary to provide for bridge parts connecting the support beams below the cover slab on which the roofing slab rests longitudinally.
Ces pièces de pont et entretoises engendrent des frais de montage important, doivent être conçues pour un entraxe donné entre poutre support et leur assemblage par soudure est à l'origine d'endommagement par fatigue, dans les ponts mixtes bipoutres connus de l'art antérieur.These bridge parts and spacers generate significant assembly costs, must be designed for a given center distance between support beam and their welding assembly is the cause of fatigue damage, in double girder composite bridges known from the prior art.
Le remplissage des poutres acier par un liant améliore grandement la stabilité de ces poutres en grandes déformations, en particulier lors de chocs par des convois hors gabarit.Filling steel beams with a binder greatly improves stability of these beams in large deformations, in particular during impacts by oversized convoys.
Il assure en outre la stabilité des âmes 13 contre les risques de déversement ou
de voilement au droit des zones où sont appliquées au système porteur des
charges concentrées, comme par exemple au droit des appuis sur lesquels
repose le pont mixte.It also ensures the stability of the
La préfabrication des poutres de support et la réduction des opérations de montage sur chantier permettent de ne pas interrompre ou modifier la circulation sur les voies franchies par le pont ou la passerelle, ce qui présente un avantage important dans le cas de franchissement de voies à grande circulation telles que des autoroutes.The prefabrication of the support beams and the reduction of the operations of assembly on site not to interrupt or modify traffic on tracks crossed by the bridge or footbridge, which has an advantage important when crossing busy roads such as highways.
Claims (15)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9908234A FR2795438B1 (en) | 1999-06-28 | 1999-06-28 | STRUCTURE OF A CONCRETE-STEEL MIXED BRIDGE OR GATEWAY, PARTICULARLY A MIXED TWO-GATE APRON BRIDGE |
FR9908234 | 1999-06-28 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1065316A1 true EP1065316A1 (en) | 2001-01-03 |
EP1065316B1 EP1065316B1 (en) | 2005-11-09 |
Family
ID=9547377
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00401844A Expired - Lifetime EP1065316B1 (en) | 1999-06-28 | 2000-06-28 | Composite steel-concrete bridge- or walk way structure, especially bridge with double composite beams under the deck |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1065316B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE309417T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60023795D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2795438B1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7833260B2 (en) | 2006-07-20 | 2010-11-16 | Orbusneich Medical, Inc. | Bioabsorbable polymeric medical device |
US7846197B2 (en) | 2006-07-20 | 2010-12-07 | Orbusneich Medical, Inc. | Bioabsorbable polymeric medical device |
US7846361B2 (en) | 2006-07-20 | 2010-12-07 | Orbusneich Medical, Inc. | Bioabsorbable polymeric composition for a medical device |
US8691321B2 (en) | 2006-10-20 | 2014-04-08 | Orbusneich Medical, Inc. | Bioabsorbable polymeric composition and medical device background |
US9211205B2 (en) | 2006-10-20 | 2015-12-15 | Orbusneich Medical, Inc. | Bioabsorbable medical device with coating |
CN105544373A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-05-04 | 清华大学 | Steel box-concrete composite girder for long-span cable-stayed bridge and construction method |
CN105970798A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-28 | 中南大学 | Multipurpose box girder structure |
WO2024103087A1 (en) | 2022-11-15 | 2024-05-23 | Kollegger Gmbh | Method for producing a roadway deck for a bridge |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105803914A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-07-27 | 中铁大桥勘测设计院集团有限公司 | Composite beam with channel beam and bridge |
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-
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- 2000-06-28 AT AT00401844T patent/ATE309417T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-06-28 DE DE60023795T patent/DE60023795D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-28 EP EP00401844A patent/EP1065316B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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DE1212575B (en) * | 1963-02-08 | 1966-03-17 | Beteiligungs & Patentverw Gmbh | Method for prestressing a composite structure, especially for bridges and high roads |
DE2102613A1 (en) * | 1970-01-23 | 1972-02-10 | Meier, Johann, Feldbach, Mühldorf (Österreich) | Reinforced concrete beams |
EP0745740A1 (en) * | 1995-05-29 | 1996-12-04 | Gtm | Method for mounting a structural member on a metallic framework and structure so obtained |
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Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US9629940B2 (en) | 2006-07-20 | 2017-04-25 | Orbusneich Medical, Inc. | Bioabsorbable polymeric composition for a medical device |
US7833260B2 (en) | 2006-07-20 | 2010-11-16 | Orbusneich Medical, Inc. | Bioabsorbable polymeric medical device |
US7846361B2 (en) | 2006-07-20 | 2010-12-07 | Orbusneich Medical, Inc. | Bioabsorbable polymeric composition for a medical device |
US8460364B2 (en) | 2006-07-20 | 2013-06-11 | Orbusneich Medical, Inc. | Bioabsorbable polymeric medical device |
US8460362B2 (en) | 2006-07-20 | 2013-06-11 | Orbusneich Medical, Inc. | Bioabsorbable polymeric medical device |
US9662416B2 (en) | 2006-07-20 | 2017-05-30 | Orbusneich Medical, Inc. | Bioabsorbable polymeric composition for a medical device |
US7846197B2 (en) | 2006-07-20 | 2010-12-07 | Orbusneich Medical, Inc. | Bioabsorbable polymeric medical device |
US9642947B2 (en) | 2006-07-20 | 2017-05-09 | Orbusneich Medical, Inc. | Bioabsorbable polymeric composition for a medical device |
US9642945B2 (en) | 2006-07-20 | 2017-05-09 | Orbusneich Medical, Inc. | Bioabsorbable polymeric composition for a medical device |
US9211205B2 (en) | 2006-10-20 | 2015-12-15 | Orbusneich Medical, Inc. | Bioabsorbable medical device with coating |
US8691321B2 (en) | 2006-10-20 | 2014-04-08 | Orbusneich Medical, Inc. | Bioabsorbable polymeric composition and medical device background |
CN105544373A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-05-04 | 清华大学 | Steel box-concrete composite girder for long-span cable-stayed bridge and construction method |
CN105970798A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-28 | 中南大学 | Multipurpose box girder structure |
WO2024103087A1 (en) | 2022-11-15 | 2024-05-23 | Kollegger Gmbh | Method for producing a roadway deck for a bridge |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2795438A1 (en) | 2000-12-29 |
FR2795438B1 (en) | 2001-08-03 |
DE60023795D1 (en) | 2005-12-15 |
EP1065316B1 (en) | 2005-11-09 |
ATE309417T1 (en) | 2005-11-15 |
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