EP1022439B1 - Steam or gas turbine casing - Google Patents
Steam or gas turbine casing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1022439B1 EP1022439B1 EP99810037A EP99810037A EP1022439B1 EP 1022439 B1 EP1022439 B1 EP 1022439B1 EP 99810037 A EP99810037 A EP 99810037A EP 99810037 A EP99810037 A EP 99810037A EP 1022439 B1 EP1022439 B1 EP 1022439B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flanges
- facing away
- wall thickness
- facing
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
- F01D25/26—Double casings; Measures against temperature strain in casings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a housing for a steam or gas turbine, which consists of a shell and two flanges.
- Compressor housings for gas turbines consist of a shell and there are two flanges. These housings have upper and lower areas a pseudo flange on the shell.
- these have the disadvantage that with Operation of the gas turbine due to the higher mean temperature in the area of Pseudo flange larger radial strains occur and thus the housing of deviates from its round shape.
- These deformations lead to a reduced Efficiency because of the gap between the housing and the ends of the Turbine blades enlarged and steam or air unhindered at this point can flow through without performing work on the turbine.
- Housing for steam turbines consist of a shell and there are two flanges and vertical ones in the horizontal flanges Have slots.
- the radial becomes Round bowl shape is an ellipsoidal shape, with the bowl facing upwards expands and the two flanges are moved slightly inwards.
- axial the radial effects affect due to the different temperature distribution different within the housing and thus also lead to one Deformation.
- US-A-4,551,065 discloses a housing according to the preamble of claim 1.
- GB-A-2 0 035 12 discloses a method of manufacturing a casing for a gas turbine.
- expensive Constructions and assembly devices can be avoided.
- the object is achieved in that the shell different Wall thicknesses in an upper area facing away from the flanges, in two middle areas and in two lower areas facing the flanges has, the wall thickness of the upper region facing away from the flanges compared to the wall thickness of the lower areas facing the flanges is reinforced and the wall thickness of the central areas is variable, so that the upper area facing away from the flanges and the lower area facing away from the flanges facing areas continuously merge.
- An advantage of this invention is that by varying the wall thickness Shell of the housing undergoes deformation in an ellipsoidal shape both in radial Direction as well as in the axial direction is significantly reduced.
- the housing has thus a slight radial play between the housing and the ends of the Turbine blades and thus has a significantly improved efficiency compared to the prior art.
- Overall, the invention is a improved efficiency of 0.2% to 0.3% of a steam turbine achieved.
- the single figure shows a section through an embodiment of a housing according to the invention.
- the single figure shows a section through an embodiment of a Housing 1 according to the invention, which is used for steam or gas turbines becomes.
- the entire case consists of two equal halves, only one of which is shown.
- the housing 1 consists of a shell 2 and two flanges 3, soft for attachment to the flanges of the second half, not shown Housing 1 is used.
- the wall thickness of the shell 2 varies in different areas.
- An upper area 5 facing away from the flanges is opposite the lower one Flanges facing areas 7 reinforced. In the illustrated embodiment corresponds to the wall thickness of the upper region 5 facing away from the flanges 1.5 times the wall thickness of the lower areas facing the flanges 7.
- the reinforcement of the upper region 5 facing away from the flanges no more than twice the Wall thickness of the lower areas 7 facing the flanges should have.
- the upper area 5 facing away from the flanges and the lower area facing the flanges facing areas 7 are marked on each side by a central area 6 connected.
- the wall thickness of these middle areas 6 varies, so that on each Since the two adjacent areas 5,7 merge continuously.
- the upper area facing away from the flanges 5 at 45 ° around the central axis 4 of the housing 1. After that the middle area 6 adjoins on both sides with 15 °.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Gehäuse für eine Dampf- oder eine Gasturbine, welches aus einer Schale und zwei Flanschen besteht.The invention relates to a housing for a steam or gas turbine, which consists of a shell and two flanges.
Es sind Verdichtergehäuse für Gasturbinen bekannt, welche aus einer Schale und zwei Flanschen bestehen. Diese Gehäuse weisen im oberen und unteren Bereich der Schale einen Pseudoflansch auf. Diese haben aber den Nachteil, dass bei Betrieb der Gasturbine aufgrund der höheren mittleren Temperatur im Bereich des Pseudoflanschs grössere radiale Dehnungen auftreten und somit das Gehäuse von seiner runden Form abweicht. Diese Verformungen führen zu einem verringerten Wirkungsgrad, da sich der Spalt zwischen dem Gehäuse und den Enden der Turbinenschaufeln vergrössert und an dieser Stelle Dampf oder Luft ungehindert durchströmen kann, ohne Arbeit an der Turbine zu verrichten.Compressor housings for gas turbines are known, which consist of a shell and there are two flanges. These housings have upper and lower areas a pseudo flange on the shell. However, these have the disadvantage that with Operation of the gas turbine due to the higher mean temperature in the area of Pseudo flange larger radial strains occur and thus the housing of deviates from its round shape. These deformations lead to a reduced Efficiency because of the gap between the housing and the ends of the Turbine blades enlarged and steam or air unhindered at this point can flow through without performing work on the turbine.
Es sind auch Gehäuse für Dampfturbinen bekannt, welche aus einer Schale und zwei Flanschen bestehen und welche in den horizontalen Flanschen vertikale Schlitze aufweisen. Das führt aber aufgrund der Temperaturverteilung in der Schale und den Flanschen dazu, dass die Schale durch die Befestigung der massiven Flansche mit Schrauben starken Verformungen unterworfen ist. Diese Verformungen wirken sich sowohl radial als auch axial auf das Gehäuse aus. Radial wird aus der runden Schalenform eine ellipsoide Form, indem sich die Schale nach oben ausdehnt und die beiden Flansche leicht nach innen verschoben werden. Axial wirken sich die radialen Effekte aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Temperaturverteilung innerhalb des Gehäuses verschieden aus und führen so ebenfalls zu einer Verformung. Diese Verformungen führen durch ein notwendiger vergrössertes Radialspiel zwischen dem Gehäuse und den Enden der Turbinenschaufeln zu einem geringeren Wirkungsgrad, da vermehrt Dampf ohne Arbeit an der Turbine zu verrichten durchströmen kann. Die Schlitze, welche die Trennflansche aufweisen, mindern insbesondere die axiale Verformung des Gehäuses, sind aber alleine nicht ausreichend, um die radialen Verformungen und damit den verringerten Wirkungsgrad zu verhindern.Housing for steam turbines are also known, which consist of a shell and there are two flanges and vertical ones in the horizontal flanges Have slots. However, this leads to the temperature distribution in the shell and the flanges that the shell by attaching the massive Flanges with screws are subject to severe deformation. These deformations affect the housing both radially and axially. The radial becomes Round bowl shape is an ellipsoidal shape, with the bowl facing upwards expands and the two flanges are moved slightly inwards. axial the radial effects affect due to the different temperature distribution different within the housing and thus also lead to one Deformation. These deformations lead to a necessary enlargement Radial play between the housing and the ends of the turbine blades into one lower efficiency because steam increases without working on the turbine can flow through. The slots that the separating flanges have especially reduce the axial deformation of the housing, but are not alone sufficient to reduce the radial deformations and thus the reduced To prevent efficiency.
Weiter sind Konstruktionen bekannt, welche die Verformung eines Dampfturbinengehäuses durch Schrumpfringe verhindern. Diese Konstruktionen haben aber den Nachteil, dass sie sehr teuer und spezielle Montagevorrichtungen dafür nötig sind.Furthermore, constructions are known that the deformation of a Prevent steam turbine housing with shrink rings. These constructions However, they have the disadvantage that they are very expensive and require special mounting devices are necessary for this.
US-A-4,551,065 offenbart ein Gehäuse entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.US-A-4,551,065 discloses a housing according to the preamble of
GB-A-2 0 035 12 offenbart ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gehäuses für eine Gasturbine.GB-A-2 0 035 12 discloses a method of manufacturing a casing for a gas turbine.
Es ist die Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Gehäuse für eine Dampf- oder eine Gasturbine zu konstruieren, weiches seine runde Form in Betrieb beibehält oder nur verhältnismässig geringe Verformungen aufweist, um so das Radialspiel zwischen dem Gehäuse und den Enden der Turbinenschaufeln zu verkleinern und den damit verbundenen geringeren Wirkungsgrad zu verhindern. Zudem sollen teure Konstruktionen und Montagevorrichtungen vermieden werden.It is the object of the invention to provide a housing for a steam or gas turbine construct that maintains its round shape in operation or only has relatively small deformations, so that the radial play between to shrink the housing and the ends of the turbine blades and thus to prevent associated lower efficiency. In addition, expensive Constructions and assembly devices can be avoided.
Erfindungsgemäss wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass die Schale verschiedene Wandstärken in einem oberen, den Flanschen abgewandten Bereich, in zwei mittleren Bereichen und in zwei unteren, den Flanschen zugewandten Bereichen aufweist, wobei die Wandstärke des oberen, den Flanschen abgewandten Bereichs gegenüber der Wandstärke der unteren, den Flanschen zugewandten Bereiche verstärkt ist und die Wandstärke der mittleren Bereiche variabel ist, so dass der obere, den Flanschen abgewandte Bereich und die unteren, den Flanschen zugewandten Bereiche stetig ineinander übergehen.According to the invention the object is achieved in that the shell different Wall thicknesses in an upper area facing away from the flanges, in two middle areas and in two lower areas facing the flanges has, the wall thickness of the upper region facing away from the flanges compared to the wall thickness of the lower areas facing the flanges is reinforced and the wall thickness of the central areas is variable, so that the upper area facing away from the flanges and the lower area facing away from the flanges facing areas continuously merge.
Ein Vorteil dieser Erfindung liegt darin, dass durch die Variation der Wandstärke der Schale des Gehäuses eine Verformung in eine ellipsoide Form sowohl in radialer Richtung als auch in axialer Richtung deutlich vermindert wird. Das Gehäuse hat somit einen geringes Radialspiel zwischen dem Gehäuse und den Enden der Turbinenschaufeln und weist dadurch einen wesentlich verbesserten Wirkungsgrad gegenüber dem Stand der Technik auf. Insgesamt wird durch die Erfindung ein verbesserter Wirkungsgrad von 0.2 % bis 0.3 % einer Dampfturbine erreicht.An advantage of this invention is that by varying the wall thickness Shell of the housing undergoes deformation in an ellipsoidal shape both in radial Direction as well as in the axial direction is significantly reduced. The housing has thus a slight radial play between the housing and the ends of the Turbine blades and thus has a significantly improved efficiency compared to the prior art. Overall, the invention is a improved efficiency of 0.2% to 0.3% of a steam turbine achieved.
Weitere Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeiten der Erfindung sind Gegenstände der abhängigen Ansprüche.Further design options of the invention are the subject of dependent claims.
Die einzige Figur zeigt einen Schnitt durch eine Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemässen Gehäuses.The single figure shows a section through an embodiment of a housing according to the invention.
Die einzige Figur zeigt einen Schnitt durch eine Ausführungsform eines
erfindungsgemässen Gehäuses 1, welches für Dampf- oder Gasturbinen verwendet
wird. Das gesamte Gehäuse besteht aus zwei gleichen Hälften, von denen nur eine
dargestellt ist. Das Gehäuse 1 besteht aus einer Schale 2 und zwei Flanschen 3,
weiche zur Befestigung an den Flanschen der nicht dargestellten zweite Hälfte des
Gehäuses 1 dient. Die Wandstärke der Schale 2 variiert in verschiedenen Bereichen.
Ein oberer, den Flanschen abgewandter Bereich 5 ist gegenüber den unteren, den
Flanschen zugewandten Bereichen 7 verstärkt. In der dargestellten Ausführungsform
entspricht die Wanddicke des oberen, den Flanschen abgewandten Bereichs 5 der
1.5fachen Wandstärke der unteren, den Flanschen zugewandten Bereiche 7. Im
welchem Masse der obere Bereich verstärkt wird, kann aber verschieden sein und
hängt von der Auslegung der Turbine und somit vom Betriebsdruck und von der
Betriebstemperatur ab. Es hat sich allerdings gezeigt, dass die Verstärkung des
oberen, den Flanschen abgewandten Bereichs 5 nicht mehr als das zweifache der
Wandstärke der unteren, den Flanschen zugewandten Bereiche 7 haben sollte. Der
obere, den Flanschen abgewandte Bereich 5 und die unteren, den Flanschen
zugewandte Bereiche 7 werden auf jeder Seite durch einen mittleren Bereich 6
verbunden. Die Wandstärke dieser mittleren Bereiche 6 variiert, so dass auf jeder
Seite beide angrenzenden Bereiche 5,7 stetig ineinander übergehen. Vorteilhaft ist
im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel der obere, den Flanschen abgewandte Bereich
5 mit 45° um die mittlere Achse 4 des Gehäuses 1 angeordnet. Im Anschluss daran
schliesst sich zu beiden Seiten der mittlere Bereich 6 mit 15° an. Es sind aber auch
andere Winkel denkbar, um eine erfindungsgemässe Wirkung der Konstruktion zu
erhalten. Da die mittleren Bereiche 6 und besonders der obere, den Flanschen
abgewandte Bereich 5 durch die dickere Wandstärke steifer als die nicht verstärkten
unteren, den Flanschen zugewandten Bereiche 7 sind, lassen sie während des
Betriebs aufgrund der Temperaturverteilung weniger Verformungen zu. Die unteren,
den Flanschen zugewandten Bereiche 7 lassen sich mehr verformen und wirken wie
ein Gelenk, welches zwischen den sehr massiv ausgearbeiteten und mit Schrauben
befestigten Flanschen 3 und den teilverstärkten mittleren Bereichen 6 bzw. dem
verstärkten oberen, den Flanschen abgewandten Bereich 5 ausgleichend wirkt.
Insgesamt führt dies zu kleineren radialen und axialen Verformungen des Gehäuses
1 und so bleibt das Gehäuse 1 bei Betrieb der Turbine deutlich runder. Durch ein
kleineres Radialspiel zwischen dem Gehäuse 1 und den Enden der nicht
dargestellten Turbinenschaufeln wird so der Wirkungsgrad deutlich erhöht.The single figure shows a section through an embodiment of a
- 11
- Gehäusecasing
- 22
- SchaleBowl
- 33
- Flanschflange
- 44
- Mittlere AchseMiddle axis
- 55
- Oberer Bereichupper area
- 66
- Mittlere BereicheMiddle areas
- 77
- Untere BereicheLower areas
Claims (4)
- Casing (1) for a steam or gas turbine, comprising two semi-cylindrical shells (2) which are connected in the plane of the casing axis via flanges (3),
characterized in that
each of the shells (2) has different wall thicknesses in the upper region (5) facing away from the flanges, in two central regions (6) and in two lower regions (7) facing the flanges, in which casethe wall thickness of the upper region (5) facing away from the flanges is reinforced in comparison with the wall thickness of the lower regions (7) facing the flanges, andthe wall thickness of the central regions (6) is variable such that the upper region (5) facing away from the flanges and the lower regions (7) facing the flanges merge continuously into one another. - Casing (1) according to Claim 1,
characterized in that
the upper region (5) facing away from the flanges is arranged at an angle of 45° to the centre axis (4) of the casing (1), and the central regions (6) are connecting to it at an angle of 15°. - Casing (1) according to Claim 3,
characterized in that
the wall thickness of the upper region (5) facing away from the flanges has a maximum of twice the wall thickness of the lower regions (7) facing away from the flanges. - Casing (1) according to Claim 3,
characterized in that
the wall thickness of the upper region (5) facing away from the flanges has 1.5 times the wall thickness of the lower regions (7) facing away from the flanges.
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99810037A EP1022439B1 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 1999-01-20 | Steam or gas turbine casing |
| DE59909395T DE59909395D1 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 1999-01-20 | Housing for a steam or gas turbine |
| US09/482,082 US6336789B1 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2000-01-13 | Casing for a steam or gas turbine |
| JP2000008323A JP4347977B2 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2000-01-17 | Casing for steam turbine or gas turbine |
| RU2000101728/06A RU2244835C2 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2000-01-19 | Casing for steam or gas turbine |
| CN00100518.9A CN1268833C (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2000-01-20 | Casing of turbine or gas turbine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99810037A EP1022439B1 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 1999-01-20 | Steam or gas turbine casing |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1022439A1 EP1022439A1 (en) | 2000-07-26 |
| EP1022439B1 true EP1022439B1 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
Family
ID=8242634
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99810037A Expired - Lifetime EP1022439B1 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 1999-01-20 | Steam or gas turbine casing |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6336789B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1022439B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4347977B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1268833C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59909395D1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2244835C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE60310054T2 (en) * | 2003-06-26 | 2007-05-03 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | A reflective target holder used to measure the deflection of a turbine housing |
| EP1541810A1 (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2005-06-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Use of a thermal barrier coating for a part of a steam turbine and a steam turbine |
| DE102005015150A1 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-05 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | machine housing |
| US7681601B2 (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2010-03-23 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Inner casing of a rotating thermal machine |
| CH698879B1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2009-11-30 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Turbomachine. |
| US8128353B2 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2012-03-06 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for matching the thermal mass and stiffness of bolted split rings |
| EP2189630A1 (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2010-05-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gas turbine, guide vane support for such a gas turbine and gas or steam turbine plant with such a gas turbine |
| CH700679A1 (en) * | 2009-03-17 | 2010-09-30 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Support for a turbine. |
| EP2423454A1 (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2012-02-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Casing for a turbomachine and method of manufacture |
| US8342009B2 (en) | 2011-05-10 | 2013-01-01 | General Electric Company | Method for determining steampath efficiency of a steam turbine section with internal leakage |
| US9279342B2 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2016-03-08 | General Electric Company | Turbine casing with service wedge |
| US9260281B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2016-02-16 | General Electric Company | Lift efficiency improvement mechanism for turbine casing service wedge |
| JP2016113992A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-06-23 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Pressure container and turbine |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2034825A (en) * | 1978-11-14 | 1980-06-11 | Rolls Royce | Casing for gas turbine engine |
| GB2035152B (en) * | 1978-11-27 | 1982-08-11 | United Technologies Corp | Method of fabricating a split case for a gas turbine engine |
| US4551065A (en) * | 1982-12-13 | 1985-11-05 | Becker John H | Composite horizontally or vertically split casing with variable casing ends |
| US4900222A (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1990-02-13 | Rockwell International Corporation | Rotary pump inlet velocity profile control device |
| DE19544011B4 (en) * | 1995-11-27 | 2004-10-07 | Alstom | flow machine |
| US5605438A (en) * | 1995-12-29 | 1997-02-25 | General Electric Co. | Casing distortion control for rotating machinery |
| DE19806809C1 (en) * | 1998-02-18 | 1999-03-25 | Siemens Ag | Turbine housing for steam turbine |
-
1999
- 1999-01-20 EP EP99810037A patent/EP1022439B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-01-20 DE DE59909395T patent/DE59909395D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-01-13 US US09/482,082 patent/US6336789B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-01-17 JP JP2000008323A patent/JP4347977B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-01-19 RU RU2000101728/06A patent/RU2244835C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-01-20 CN CN00100518.9A patent/CN1268833C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2000213305A (en) | 2000-08-02 |
| EP1022439A1 (en) | 2000-07-26 |
| JP4347977B2 (en) | 2009-10-21 |
| CN1261643A (en) | 2000-08-02 |
| DE59909395D1 (en) | 2004-06-09 |
| CN1268833C (en) | 2006-08-09 |
| RU2244835C2 (en) | 2005-01-20 |
| US6336789B1 (en) | 2002-01-08 |
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