EP1017916B1 - Method for allocating a remote control to a base station - Google Patents

Method for allocating a remote control to a base station Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1017916B1
EP1017916B1 EP98958152A EP98958152A EP1017916B1 EP 1017916 B1 EP1017916 B1 EP 1017916B1 EP 98958152 A EP98958152 A EP 98958152A EP 98958152 A EP98958152 A EP 98958152A EP 1017916 B1 EP1017916 B1 EP 1017916B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
base station
signal
remote control
signals
association
Prior art date
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EP98958152A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1017916A1 (en
Inventor
Stefan Schmitz
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE19841514A external-priority patent/DE19841514A1/en
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1017916A1 publication Critical patent/EP1017916A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/28—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/21—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass having a variable access code

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method of the type of the main claim, as in the German patent application AZ: 196 45 769.6.
  • the assignment then takes place a remote control to one arranged in a motor vehicle Base station, in which the latter emits a search signal, what is in the range of the search signal Remote controls by sending back a contact signal at times that are characteristic of the remote controls reply.
  • the base station determines those present Remote controls. She selects one of them and leads with it a "Challenge-Response" verification. Because clear remote control recognition through replacement of only one signal is possible, and the signal because it is not safety-relevant, simply be constructed can, the entire recognition takes place very quickly.
  • determining for the assignment speed is therefore above all subsequent challenge-response verification. It is based on the execution of safety-relevant computing operations, which are extensive and require time accordingly.
  • user-specific integrated circuits ASIC
  • the challenge or response calculation in less than three milliseconds. So that can Trigger the assignment check by operating the door handle a vehicle so that the door only opens is possible if the remote control belongs to the vehicle has been verified. The user notices the mapping process Not.
  • the aforementioned ASICs fulfill their function well, they are comparative in production expensive.
  • An access control device is already known from EP-A-0 285 419 known. It includes a query unit, the one Issues query signal.
  • the receiving the interrogation signal Transponders differ from one another in each case deposited identity code.
  • the problem is solved by a method with the features of the main claim.
  • the method according to the invention is easily as a program in the base station or remote control microprocessor already available, and eliminates the need to provide an ASIC. It ensures the same security as when using a ASICs.
  • a gain in security can advantageously be realized, by the speed of the challenge response calculation is specifically controlled when the challenge-response dialog carried out several times in a row becomes.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an access device
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart to illustrate your Operation.
  • Figure 1 shows a base station 10, which is part of a device or can be an object or permanently assigned to such is.
  • the base station can be part of the access control device of a building or a motor vehicle his.
  • Another component of the shown in Figure 1 Access device is a remote control in the following called actuator 20, which the base station functionally contactless via a signal transmission path 30 assigned.
  • the remote control can in particular be a transponder.
  • About active connections, not shown acts the base station 10 on the technical device one whose part or which it is assigned to. Using in a motor vehicle, for example, it controls the Access to the vehicle or its commissioning.
  • a microprocessor 13 is part of the base station 10, which controls the operation of base station 10 especially prompted the output of signals and incoming Evaluates signals. Connected to the microprocessor is a transmitting / receiving device 11 for delivery or receipt from contactless via the signal transmission path 30 transmitted signals.
  • the microprocessor 13 is a memory 14 is also assigned. Inside are Assignment information on the basis of which the base station 10 assigned remote controls 20 recognizes. The mapping information are: a serial number 15, a manufacturer code 17, a cryptic key code 31, a directory 16 with Information about those assigned to base station 10 Remote controls 20, as well as a random number 18.
  • the serial number 15 is characteristic of mutually assigned base stations 10 and remote controls 20. It is made by the manufacturer the technical facility that defines the base station 10 or the remote controls 20 are assigned.
  • the manufacturer code 17 denotes the associated device, i.e. the base station 10 clearly. It is assigned by the manufacturer of the base station and is unchangeable.
  • the directory 16 contains for each assigned remote control 20 a data record 16a, 16b, 16c, which is the group number 25 of a remote control 20, their manufacturer code 27, a random number and one Contains target response. Distinguish the group numbers 25 the remote controls assigned to a base station 10 with the same serial numbers, the corresponding one Manufacturer code 27 is used in conjunction with the cryptic Key code 31 and random number 18 by the microprocessor 13 is generated to form the target response.
  • the cryptic key code 31 is preferably also from Manufacturer of the related technical equipment, such as one Vehicle manufacturers set.
  • One complete record at a time 16a, 16b, 16c allows the verification of an associated one Remote control 20.
  • the remote control has one on the base station side Transmitting / receiving device 11 corresponding transmitting / receiving device 21, for reception from the base station 10 emitted signals or for emitting signals to the base station 10.
  • the transmitter / receiver device is analogous to the base station 21 is followed by a microprocessor 23 which controls the operation of the remote control 20, while especially the evaluation of the via the transceiver 22 incoming signals, depending initiates follow-up action from the results and the Output signals monitored.
  • the microprocessor 23 is assigned a storage unit 24, in which assignment information to assign the remote control 20 to a Base station 10 are stored. Stored for this - analog to base station 10 - a serial number 15, a group number 25, a manufacturer code 27 and a cryptic Key code 31.
  • the meaning of the memory contents corresponds to each of the meaning of the same memory contents in the memory 14 of the base station 10.
  • the manufacturer code is awarded by the manufacturer of the remote control 20 and clearly describes them.
  • Serial number 15 is for those from base station 10 and associated remote controls 20 existing overall device characteristic code and identical to the memory 14 of the base station 10 contained Serial number.
  • the group number 25 distinguishes the same Serial numbers 15 having remote controls 20 from each other. It is used when using the entire device specified the user.
  • the cryptic key code 31 is by the manufacturer of the base station 10 associated technical equipment and is identical to the one in the base station. In connection with the Manufacturer code 27 and that of the base station 10 via the Signal transmission link 30 fed challenge signal dinet he used to verify membership of a base station 10th
  • a plurality of remote controls 20 can be assigned to a base station 10 his. All remote controls 20 and the base station 10 have an identical one in their memories 14, 24 Serial number 15 and use one for verification cryptic key code 31. The individual remote controls 20 differ by their group numbers 25 and their Manufacturer Codes 27.
  • the assignment process is not activated by pressing one illustrated mechanical, electrical or electro-optical Trigger mechanism triggered by a user Step 100.
  • the Trigger mechanism especially when the door handle is actuated consist.
  • the Microprocessor 13 of base station 10 On the basis of a signal given when it was triggered, the Microprocessor 13 of base station 10 first has an internal one Counter A to the value 0, step 102. Then it unloads the memory 14, the random number 18, which then activation signal called “Challenge” signal below forms, and the "target response" signals below called, expected response signals 16a, 16b, 16c for all the remote controls 20 assigned to the base station 10, Step 104. He then increments counter A by 1, step 106. The microprocessor 13 then directs the delivery of a Search signals by the transceiver 11 a, step 108.
  • the search signal includes a Start and synchronization information especially in the Memory 14 stored serial number 15. It is expediently not encrypted and is within reach of everyone remote controls located on the signal transmission path 30 20 received via their transmitting / receiving devices 21.
  • the microprocessor 13 By checking in which time windows contact signals are received are, the microprocessor 13 now provides the base station 10 determines which remote controls 20 with which group numbers are present, step 114. Will not be present Remote control 20 determined, the microprocessor 13 checks the Value of counter A, step 116. If it is less than a predetermined one Reference value, for example 5, is caused immediately again sending a search signal and repeated continue the procedure from step 106. Becomes the reference value exceeded, the microprocessor 13 breaks the membership test ab, step 117. Passed the test in Step 114 that at least one remote control 20 is present is, the microprocessor 13 selects from the remote controls present 20 one from which he subsequently carries out a membership test carries out step 118. After selection a remote control he counts a second internal counter B up one step, step 120. The Microprocessor 13 the transmission of a subsequent challenge signal via the transceiver 11. As Challenge signal is the random number stored in the memory 14 18th
  • the selected remote control 20 receives via its transceiver 21 the challenge signal and forms from it by linking with manufacturer code 27 and cryptic key code 31 a "response" signal, which sends it back to base station 10 as a response signal, Step 124.
  • the microprocessor 13 Upon receipt of the microprocessor 13 compares that of the Remote control 20 returned response signal with the previously target response signal 16a, 16, 16c loaded in step 104 the selected remote control 20, step 126. Voices The target response signal and response signal match, the Microprocessor 13 returns the internal counter B to the value 0, Step 132 and causes the release of an enable signal, which, for example, gives access to a motor vehicle and / or enables its operation, step 134. The microprocessor 13 then determines a random number 18 and thus determined for everyone entered in directory 16 Group number 25 a new target response signal, Step 136. With the random number 18 and the newly formed ones Target occupancy signals it occupies memory locations 16a, 16b, 16c and 18 then new. The new memory contents serve as the basis for the assignment check after the next triggering. By rewriting the Memory contents 16 and 18 is the membership check process ended, step 138.
  • step 126 If the check in step 126 reveals that this is from the remote control 20 response signal sent back does not match that of Processor loaded target response signal 16a, 16b, 16c matches, the microprocessor 13 sets the internal counter B. up one step, step 128. He then checks whether the content counter B has a predetermined limit value, for example exceeds 3, step 130. Is that the If so, the microprocessor 13 determines one in accordance with step 136 new random number 18 and new target response signals 16a, 16b, 16c with which he the corresponding memory contents in memory 14 overwrites. Then it breaks the mapping check process off, step 138.
  • step 130 If the check in step 130 reveals that the one assigned to counter B. Limit has not yet been exceeded, the Microprocessor 13 also redetermines the random number 18 and the target response signals 16a, 16b, 16c according to Step 136 through. However, he then continues with the repetition step 104 and loads the redetermined ones Memory contents 18 and 16a, 16b, 16c immediately new to then perform step 106 ..

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs, wie es in der Deutschen Patentanmeldung AZ: 196 45 769.6 beschrieben ist. Danach erfolgt die Zuordnung einer Fernbedienung zu einer in einem Kraftfahrzeug angeordneten Basisstation, indem letztere ein Suchsignal absetzt, worauf im Reichweitenbereich des Suchsignales befindliche Fernbedienungen durch Rücksenden eines Kontaktsignales zu für die Fernbedienungen charakteristischen Zeitpunkten antworten. Durch Auswertung der Eingangszeitpunkte der Kontaktsignalrückmeldungen ermittelt die Basisstation die anwesenden Fernbedienungen. Eine davon wählt sie aus, und führt mit ihr eine "Challenge-Response" -Verifikation durch. Weil eine eindeutige Fernbedienungserkennung bereits durch Austausch von nur einem Signal möglich ist, und das Signal, da es nicht sicherheitsrelevant ist, einfach aufgebaut sein kann, erfolgt die gesamte Erkennung sehr schnell. Bestimmend für die Zuordnungsgeschwindigkeit ist daher vor allem die nachfolgende Challenge-Response-Verifikation. Sie basiert auf der Durchführung von sicherheitsrelevanten Rechenoperationen, die umfangreich sind und entsprechend Zeit benötigen. Zur schnellen Berechnung des Challenge- bzw. des Responsesignales werden speziell für diesen Zweck entwickelte anwenderspezifische integrierte Schaltkreise (ASIC) eingesetzt, welche die Challenge- bzw. Responseberechnung in weniger als drei Millisekunden durchführen. Damit kann das Auslösen der Zuordnungsprüfung durch Betätigen des Türgriffes eines Fahrzeuges erfolgen, so daß das Öffnen der Tür nur möglich ist, wenn die Fernbedienung als zum Fahrzeug gehörig verifiziert wurde. Der Benutzer bemerkt den Zuordnungsvorgang nicht. Die vorgenannten ASICs erfüllen ihre Funktion gut, sind allerdinngs in der Herstellung vergleichsweise teuer.The invention is based on a method of the type of the main claim, as in the German patent application AZ: 196 45 769.6. The assignment then takes place a remote control to one arranged in a motor vehicle Base station, in which the latter emits a search signal, what is in the range of the search signal Remote controls by sending back a contact signal at times that are characteristic of the remote controls reply. By evaluating the time of receipt of the contact signal feedback the base station determines those present Remote controls. She selects one of them and leads with it a "Challenge-Response" verification. Because clear remote control recognition through replacement of only one signal is possible, and the signal because it is not safety-relevant, simply be constructed can, the entire recognition takes place very quickly. determining for the assignment speed is therefore above all subsequent challenge-response verification. It is based on the execution of safety-relevant computing operations, which are extensive and require time accordingly. For quick calculation of the challenge or response signal are specially developed for this purpose user-specific integrated circuits (ASIC) are used, which the challenge or response calculation in less than three milliseconds. So that can Trigger the assignment check by operating the door handle a vehicle so that the door only opens is possible if the remote control belongs to the vehicle has been verified. The user notices the mapping process Not. The aforementioned ASICs fulfill their function well, they are comparative in production expensive.

Aus der EP-A-0 285 419 ist bereits eine Zugangskontrolleinrichtung bekannt. Sie umfasst eine Abfrageeinheit, die ein Abfragesignal abgibt. Die das Abfragesignal empfangenden Transponder unterscheiden sich untereinander in dem jeweils hinterlegten Identitätscode. Auf ein Abfragesignal der Abfrageeinheit wird ein Gruppenantwortsignal von jedem Transponder zurückgesandt, wenn bestimmte Voraussetzungen vorliegen.An access control device is already known from EP-A-0 285 419 known. It includes a query unit, the one Issues query signal. The receiving the interrogation signal Transponders differ from one another in each case deposited identity code. On an interrogation signal from the interrogation unit becomes a group response signal from each transponder returned if certain conditions are met.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zum Zuordnen einer Fernbedienung zu einer Basisstation anzugeben, welches eine schnelle Durchführung einer Zuordnungsprüfung, insbesondere eine schnelle Durchführung einer Verifikationskommunikation gestattet.It is an object of the invention to provide a method for assigning a Remote control to indicate a base station, which one a quick implementation of an assignment check, in particular a quick implementation of verification communication allowed.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist leicht als Programm in dem in Basisstation bzw. Fernbedienung ohnehin vorhandenen Mikroprozessor realisierbar, und macht die Bereitstellung eines ASIC überflüssig. Es gewährleistet dabei dieselbe Sicherheit wie bei Verwendung eines ASICs. Vorteilhaft läßt sich ein Sicherheitsgewinn realisieren, indem die Geschwindigkeit der Challenge-Response-Berechnung gezielt gesteuert wird, wenn der Challenge-Response-Dialog mehrfach unmittelbar hintereinander durchgeführt wird. The problem is solved by a method with the features of the main claim. The method according to the invention is easily as a program in the base station or remote control microprocessor already available, and eliminates the need to provide an ASIC. It ensures the same security as when using a ASICs. A gain in security can advantageously be realized, by the speed of the challenge response calculation is specifically controlled when the challenge-response dialog carried out several times in a row becomes.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is described below Reference to the drawing explained in more detail.

Zeichnungdrawing

Es zeigen Figur 1 ein Blockdiagramm einer Zugangsvorrichtung, Figur 2 ein Flußdiagramm zur Veranschaulichung ihres Betriebes.FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an access device, Figure 2 is a flow chart to illustrate your Operation.

Beschreibungdescription

Figur 1 zeigt eine Basisstation 10, die Teil eines Gerätes oder Gegenstandes sein kann oder einem solchen fest zugeordnet ist. Beispielsweise kann die Basisstation Teil der Zugangskontrolleinrichtung eines Gebäudes oder eines Kraftfahrzeuges sein. Weiterer Bestandteil der in Figur 1 gezeigten Zugangsvorrichtung ist eine im folgenden Fernbedienung genannte Betätigungseinrichtung 20, welche der Basisstation funktionell über eine Signalübertragungsstrecke 30 berührungslos zugeordnet ist. Die Fernbedienung kann insbesondere ein Transponder sein. Über nicht dargestellte Wirkverbindungen wirkt die Basisstation 10 auf die technische Einrichtung ein, deren Teil oder der sie zugeordnet ist. Bei Verwendung in einem Kraftfahrzeug kontrolliert sie beispielsweise den Zugang in das Fahrzeug oder dessen Inbetriebnahme.Figure 1 shows a base station 10, which is part of a device or can be an object or permanently assigned to such is. For example, the base station can be part of the access control device of a building or a motor vehicle his. Another component of the shown in Figure 1 Access device is a remote control in the following called actuator 20, which the base station functionally contactless via a signal transmission path 30 assigned. The remote control can in particular be a transponder. About active connections, not shown acts the base station 10 on the technical device one whose part or which it is assigned to. Using in a motor vehicle, for example, it controls the Access to the vehicle or its commissioning.

Bestandteil der Basisstation 10 ist ein Mikroprozessor 13, welcher den Betrieb der Basisstation 10 kontrolliert, dazu insbesondere die Ausgabe von Signalen veranlaßt und eingehende Signale auswertet. Mit dem Mikroprozessor verbunden ist eine Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung 11 zur Abgabe bzw. Entgegennahme von über die Signalübertragungsstrecke 30 berührungslos übertragenen Signalen. Dem Mikroprozessor 13 ist weiterhin ein Speicher 14 zugeordnet. Darin befinden sich Zuordungsinformationen, aufgrund derer die Basisstation 10 zuorgeordnete Fernbedienungen 20 erkennt. Die Zuordungsinformationen sind: eine Seriennummer 15, ein Herstellercode 17, ein kryptischer Schlüsselcode 31, ein Verzeichnis 16 mit Informationen über die der Basisstation 10 zugeordneten Fernbedienungen 20, sowie eine Zufallszahl 18. Die Seriennummer 15 ist charakteristisch für einander zugeordnete Basisstationen 10 und Fernbedienungen 20. Sie wird vom Hersteller der technischen Einrichtung festgelegt, der die Basisstation 10 bzw. die Fernbedienungen 20 zugeordnet sind. Bei Verwendung in Kraftfahrzeugen etwa kann die Festlegung durch den Fahrzeughersteller erfolgen. Der Herstellercode 17 bezeichnet das zugehörige Gerät, d.h. die Basisstation 10 eindeutig. Er wird vom Hersteller der Basisstation vergeben und ist unveränderbar. Das Verzeichnis 16 beinhaltet für jede zugeordnete Fernbedienung 20 einen Datensatz 16a, 16b, 16c, welcher jeweils die Gruppennummer 25 einer Fernbedienung 20, ihren Herstellercode 27, eine Zufallszahl sowie eine Soll-Response enthält. Die Gruppennummern 25 unterscheiden dabei die einer Basisstation 10 zugeordneten Fernbedienungen mit gleichen Seriennummern, der jeweils zugehörige Herstellercode 27 dient in Verbindung mit dem kryptischen Schlüsselcode 31 und der Zufallszahl 18, die vom Mikroprozessor 13 erzeugt wird, zur Bildung der Soll-Response. Der kryptische Schlüsselcode 31 wird vorzugsweise ebenfalls vom Hersteller der zugehörigen technischen Einrichtung, etwa einem Fahrzeughersteller festgelegt. Jeweils ein ganzer Datensatz 16a, 16b, 16c erlaubt die Verifizierung einer zugehörigen Fernbedienung 20.A microprocessor 13 is part of the base station 10, which controls the operation of base station 10 especially prompted the output of signals and incoming Evaluates signals. Connected to the microprocessor is a transmitting / receiving device 11 for delivery or receipt from contactless via the signal transmission path 30 transmitted signals. The microprocessor 13 is a memory 14 is also assigned. Inside are Assignment information on the basis of which the base station 10 assigned remote controls 20 recognizes. The mapping information are: a serial number 15, a manufacturer code 17, a cryptic key code 31, a directory 16 with Information about those assigned to base station 10 Remote controls 20, as well as a random number 18. The serial number 15 is characteristic of mutually assigned base stations 10 and remote controls 20. It is made by the manufacturer the technical facility that defines the base station 10 or the remote controls 20 are assigned. When used in motor vehicles, for example, the definition can done by the vehicle manufacturer. The manufacturer code 17 denotes the associated device, i.e. the base station 10 clearly. It is assigned by the manufacturer of the base station and is unchangeable. The directory 16 contains for each assigned remote control 20 a data record 16a, 16b, 16c, which is the group number 25 of a remote control 20, their manufacturer code 27, a random number and one Contains target response. Distinguish the group numbers 25 the remote controls assigned to a base station 10 with the same serial numbers, the corresponding one Manufacturer code 27 is used in conjunction with the cryptic Key code 31 and random number 18 by the microprocessor 13 is generated to form the target response. The cryptic key code 31 is preferably also from Manufacturer of the related technical equipment, such as one Vehicle manufacturers set. One complete record at a time 16a, 16b, 16c allows the verification of an associated one Remote control 20.

Die Fernbedienung verfügt über eine zur basisstationsseitigen Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung 11 korrespondierende Sende/Emfangseinrichtung 21, zum Empfang von der Basisstation 10 abgegebenen Signalen bzw. zur Abgabe von Signalen an die Basisstation 10. Analog zur Basisstation ist der Sende/Empfangseinrichtung 21 ein Mikroprozessor 23 nachgeschaltet welcher den Betrieb der Fernbedienung 20 steuert, wobei er besonders die Auswertung der über die Sende/Empfangseinrichtung 22 eingehenden Signale vornimmt, abhängig von den Ergebnissen Folgemaßnahmen einleitet und die Ausgabe von Ausgangssignalen überwacht. Dem Mikroprozessor 23 zugeordnet ist eine Speichereinheit 24, worin Zuordnunginformationen zur Zuordnung der Fernbedienung 20 zu einer Basisstation 10 abgelegt sind. Gespeichert sind dazu - analog zu Basisstation 10 - eine Seriennummer 15, eine Gruppennummer 25, ein Herstellercode 27 sowie ein kryptischer Schlüsselcode 31. Die Bedeutung der Speicherinhalte entspricht jeweils der Bedeutung der gleichartigen Speicherinhalte im Speicher 14 der Basisstation 10. Der Herstellercode ist durch den Hersteller der Fernbedienung 20 vergeben und bezeichnet sie eindeutig. Die Seriennummer 15 ist ein für die aus Basisstation 10 und zugehörigen Fernbedienungen 20 bestehende Gesamtvorrichtung charakteristischer Code und identisch mit dem Speicher 14 der Basisstation 10 enthaltenen Seriennummer. Die Gruppennumer 25 unterscheidet die selbe Seriennummer 15 aufweisende Fernbedienungen 20 voneinander. Sie wird bei der Nutzung der Gesamtvorrichtung durch den Anwender festgelegt. Der kryptische Schlüsselcode 31 wird durch den Hersteller der der Basisstation 10 zugehörigen technischen Einrichtung festgelegt und ist identisch mit dem in der Basisstation vorhandenen. In verbindung mit dem Herstellercode 27 und dem von der Basisstation 10 über die Signalübertragungsstrecke 30 zugeführten Challengesignal dinet er zur Verifikation der Zugehörigkeit zu einer Basisstation 10.The remote control has one on the base station side Transmitting / receiving device 11 corresponding transmitting / receiving device 21, for reception from the base station 10 emitted signals or for emitting signals to the base station 10. The transmitter / receiver device is analogous to the base station 21 is followed by a microprocessor 23 which controls the operation of the remote control 20, while especially the evaluation of the via the transceiver 22 incoming signals, depending initiates follow-up action from the results and the Output signals monitored. The microprocessor 23 is assigned a storage unit 24, in which assignment information to assign the remote control 20 to a Base station 10 are stored. Stored for this - analog to base station 10 - a serial number 15, a group number 25, a manufacturer code 27 and a cryptic Key code 31. The meaning of the memory contents corresponds to each of the meaning of the same memory contents in the memory 14 of the base station 10. The manufacturer code is awarded by the manufacturer of the remote control 20 and clearly describes them. Serial number 15 is for those from base station 10 and associated remote controls 20 existing overall device characteristic code and identical to the memory 14 of the base station 10 contained Serial number. The group number 25 distinguishes the same Serial numbers 15 having remote controls 20 from each other. It is used when using the entire device specified the user. The cryptic key code 31 is by the manufacturer of the base station 10 associated technical equipment and is identical to the one in the base station. In connection with the Manufacturer code 27 and that of the base station 10 via the Signal transmission link 30 fed challenge signal dinet he used to verify membership of a base station 10th

Zwischen Basisstation 10 und Fernbedienungen 20 besteht eine Signalübertragungsstrecke zur Übertragung berührungslos übertragbarer Signale zwischen der fernbedienungsseitigen Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung 21 und der basisstationsseitigen Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung 11. Von der basisstationsseitigen Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung 11 ausgehende Signale erreichen dabei alle innerhalb ihrer Reichweite befindlichen Fernbedienungen 20. Als Signale werden zweckmäßig Infrarot-/oder Hochfrequenzsignale verwendet.There is a between base station 10 and remote controls 20 Signal transmission path for contactless transmission transferable signals between the remote control side Transceiver 21 and the base station side Transceiver 11. From the base station side Transceiver 11 reach outgoing signals all remote controls within their range 20. Infrared / or Radio frequency signals used.

Einer Basisstation 10 können mehrere Fernbedienungen 20 zugeordnet sein. Alle Fernbedienungen 20 und die Basisstation 10 verfügen in ihren Speichern 14, 24 über eine identische Seriennummer 15 und verwenden bei der Verifizierung einen kryptischen Schlüsselcode 31. Die einzelnen Fernbedienungen 20 unterscheiden sich durch ihre Gruppennummern 25 und ihre Herstellercodes 27.A plurality of remote controls 20 can be assigned to a base station 10 his. All remote controls 20 and the base station 10 have an identical one in their memories 14, 24 Serial number 15 and use one for verification cryptic key code 31. The individual remote controls 20 differ by their group numbers 25 and their Manufacturer Codes 27.

Anhand Figur 2 wird nachfolgend der Betrieb der in Figur 1 wiedergegebenen Vorrichtung erläutert. Den Ablaufschritten ist dabei jeweils ein Buchstabe B bzw. F vorangstellt, der angibt, ob der zugehörige Ablaufschritt in der Basisstation 10: B oder in einer Fernbedienung 20: F stattfindet.The operation of the one shown in FIG reproduced device explained. The process steps is preceded by a letter B or F, respectively indicates whether the associated process step in the base station 10: B or in a remote control 20: F takes place.

Der Zuordnungsvorgang wird durch die Betätigung eines nicht dargestellten mechanischen, elektrischen oder elektrooptischen Auslösemechanismus durch einen Benutzer ausgelöst, Schritt 100. Bei Anwendung in einem Kraftfahrzeug kann der Auslösemechanismus insbesondere im Betätigen des Türgriffes bestehen.The assignment process is not activated by pressing one illustrated mechanical, electrical or electro-optical Trigger mechanism triggered by a user Step 100. When used in a motor vehicle, the Trigger mechanism, especially when the door handle is actuated consist.

Aufgrund eines beim Auslösen abgegebenen Signales setzt der Mikroprozessor 13 der Basisstation 10 zunächst einen internen Zähler A auf den Wert 0, Schritt 102. Sodann lädt er aus dem Speicher 14 die Zufallszahl 18, welche anschließend das im folgenden "Challenge" -Signal genannte Aktivierungssignal bildet, und die im folgenden "Soll-Response" -Signale ge-' nannten, erwarteten Antwortsignale 16a, 16b, 16c für alle der Basisstation 10 zugeordnenten Fernbedienungen 20, Schritt 104. Darauf erhöht er den Zähler A um 1, Schritt 106. Nachfolgend leitet der Mikroprozessor 13 die Abgabe eines Suchsignales durch die Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung 11 ein, Schritt 108. Das Suchsignal beinhaltet neben einer Start- und Synchronisationsinformation insbesondere die im Speicher 14 abgelegte Seriennummer 15. Es ist zweckmäßig unverschlüsselt und wird von allen innerhalb der Reichweite der Signalübertragungsstrecke 30 befindlichen Fernbedienungen 20 über deren Sende-/Empfangseinrichtungen 21 empfangen.On the basis of a signal given when it was triggered, the Microprocessor 13 of base station 10 first has an internal one Counter A to the value 0, step 102. Then it unloads the memory 14, the random number 18, which then activation signal called "Challenge" signal below forms, and the "target response" signals below called, expected response signals 16a, 16b, 16c for all the remote controls 20 assigned to the base station 10, Step 104. He then increments counter A by 1, step 106. The microprocessor 13 then directs the delivery of a Search signals by the transceiver 11 a, step 108. The search signal includes a Start and synchronization information especially in the Memory 14 stored serial number 15. It is expediently not encrypted and is within reach of everyone remote controls located on the signal transmission path 30 20 received via their transmitting / receiving devices 21.

Ihre Mikroprozessoren 23 überprüfen bei Eingang eines Suchsignales, ob die mit dem Suchsignal übertragene Seriennummer 15 mit der im Speicher 24 der Fernbedienung 20 abgelegten, als Referenzsignal dienenden Seriennummer übereinstimmt. Bei Nichtübereinstimmung nimmt die Fernbedienung 20 an der weiteren Zugehörigkeitsprüfung nicht mehr teil. Bei Übereinstimmung der miteinander verglichenen Signale veranlaßt der Mikroprozessor 23 eine Antwort in Form eines Kontaktsignales, Schritt 112. Als Kontaktsignal dient ein kurzes, einfach aufgebautes Signal, beispielsweise die Gruppennummer 25 der jeweiligen Fernbedienung 20 in bitcodierter Form. Zweckmäßig ist das Kontaktsignal wie das Suchsignal unverschlüsselt. Die Aussendung des Kontaktsignales veranlaßt der Mikroprozessor 24 nach Ablauf einer für die Fernbedienung 20 charakteristischen, durch die Gruppennummer 25 bestimmten Zeitspanne ab dem Eingang des Suchsignales. Sie erfolgt dann in einem Zeitfenster mit vorbestimmter Länge. Die Aussendung ist so bemessen, daß ein sicheres Zuordnen des Kontaktsignales zu dem Zeitfenster sowohl für die Fernbedienung 20 wie für die Basisstation 10 möglich ist.Your microprocessors 23 check upon receipt of a search signal, whether the serial number transmitted with the search signal 15 with that stored in the memory 24 of the remote control 20, serial number serving as reference signal. at The remote control 20 mismatches the other Affiliation test no longer part. If they match of the compared signals causes the Microprocessor 23 a response in the form of a contact signal, Step 112. A short, simple serves as the contact signal established signal, for example group number 25 the respective remote control 20 in bit-coded form. expedient the contact signal is unencrypted like the search signal. The microprocessor initiates the transmission of the contact signal 24 after one for the remote control 20 characteristic, determined by the group number 25 Time span from the arrival of the search signal. It then takes place in a time window with a predetermined length. The broadcast is dimensioned so that the contact signal can be reliably assigned at the time window for both the remote control 20 like for the base station 10 is possible.

Durch Prüfen, in welchen Zeitfenstern Kontaktsignale eingegangen sind, stellt nun der Mikroprozessor 13 der Basisstation 10 fest, welche Fernbedienungen 20 mit welchen Gruppennummern anwesend sind, Schritt 114. Wird keine anwesende Fernbedienung 20 ermittelt, prüft der Mikroprozessor 13 den Wert des Zählers A, Schritt 116. Ist er kleiner als ein vorgegebener Bezugswert, beispielsweise 5, veranlaßt er unmittelbar erneut die Aussendung eines Suchsignales und wiederholt das Verfahren ab Schritt 106 fort folgend. Wird der Bezugswert überschritten, bricht der Mikroprozessor 13 die Zugehörigkeitsprüfung ab, Schritt 117. Ergab die Prüfung im Schritt 114, daß wenigstens eine Fernbedienung 20 anwesend ist, wählt der Mikroprozessor 13 unter den anwesenden Fernbedienungen 20 eine aus, mit welcher er nachfolgend eine Zugehörigkeitsprüfung durchführt, Schritt 118. Nach Auswahl einer Fernbedienung zählt er einen zweiten internen Zähler B um eine Stufe nach oben, Schritt 120. Darauf veranlaßt der Mikroprozessor 13 die Aussendung eines nachfolgend Challenge-Signales über die Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung 11. Als Challenge-Signal dient die im Speicher 14 abgelegte Zufallszahl 18.By checking in which time windows contact signals are received are, the microprocessor 13 now provides the base station 10 determines which remote controls 20 with which group numbers are present, step 114. Will not be present Remote control 20 determined, the microprocessor 13 checks the Value of counter A, step 116. If it is less than a predetermined one Reference value, for example 5, is caused immediately again sending a search signal and repeated continue the procedure from step 106. Becomes the reference value exceeded, the microprocessor 13 breaks the membership test ab, step 117. Passed the test in Step 114 that at least one remote control 20 is present is, the microprocessor 13 selects from the remote controls present 20 one from which he subsequently carries out a membership test carries out step 118. After selection a remote control he counts a second internal counter B up one step, step 120. The Microprocessor 13 the transmission of a subsequent challenge signal via the transceiver 11. As Challenge signal is the random number stored in the memory 14 18th

Die ausgewählte Fernbedienung 20 empfängt über ihre Sende/Empfangseinrichtung 21 das Challenge-Signal und bildet daraus durch Verknüpfung mit dem Herstellercode 27 und dem kryptischen Schlüsselcode 31 ein "Response" -Signal, welches sie als Antwortsignal an die Basisstation 10 zurückschickt, Schritt 124.The selected remote control 20 receives via its transceiver 21 the challenge signal and forms from it by linking with manufacturer code 27 and cryptic key code 31 a "response" signal, which sends it back to base station 10 as a response signal, Step 124.

Deren Mikroprozessor 13 vergleicht nach Erhalt das von der Fernbedienung 20 rückgesandte Response-Signal mit den zuvor im Schritt 104 geladenen Soll-Response-Signal 16a, 16, 16c der ausgewählten Fernbedienung 20, Schritt 126. Stimmen Soll-Response-Signal und Response-Signal überein, setzt der Mikroprozessor 13 den internen Zähler B auf den Wert 0 zurück, Schritt 132 und veranlaßt die Ausgabe eines Freigabesignales, welches beispielsweise den Zugang zu einem Kraftfahrzeug und/oder dessen Betrieb ermöglicht, Schritt 134. Anschließend bestimmt der Mikroprozessor 13 eine Zufallszahl 18 und ermittelt damit für jede im Verzeichnis 16 eingetragene Gruppennummer 25 ein neues Soll-Response-Signal, Schritt 136. Mit der Zufallszahl 18 und den neu gebildeten Soll-Response-Signalen belegt er die Speicherplätze 16a, 16b, 16c und 18 sodann neu. Die neuen Speicherinhalte dienen als Grundlage für die Zuordnungsprüfung im Anschluß an den nächsten erneuten Auslösevorgang. Mit dem Neubeschreiben der Speicherinhalte 16 und 18 ist der Zugehörigkeitsprüfvorgang beendet, Schritt 138.Upon receipt of the microprocessor 13 compares that of the Remote control 20 returned response signal with the previously target response signal 16a, 16, 16c loaded in step 104 the selected remote control 20, step 126. Voices The target response signal and response signal match, the Microprocessor 13 returns the internal counter B to the value 0, Step 132 and causes the release of an enable signal, which, for example, gives access to a motor vehicle and / or enables its operation, step 134. The microprocessor 13 then determines a random number 18 and thus determined for everyone entered in directory 16 Group number 25 a new target response signal, Step 136. With the random number 18 and the newly formed ones Target occupancy signals it occupies memory locations 16a, 16b, 16c and 18 then new. The new memory contents serve as the basis for the assignment check after the next triggering. By rewriting the Memory contents 16 and 18 is the membership check process ended, step 138.

Ergibt die Prüfung im Schritt 126, daß das von der Fernbedienung 20 zurückgesandte Response-Signal nicht mit dem vom Prozessor geladenen Soll-Response-Signal 16a, 16b, 16c übereinstimmt, setzt der Mikroprozessor 13 den internen Zähler B um eine Stufe hoch, Schritt 128. Sodann prüft er, ob der Inhalt des Zählers B einen vorgegebenen Grenzwert, zum Beispiel den Wert 3 überschreitet, Schritt 130. Ist das der Fall, ermittelt der Mikroprozessor 13 gemäß Schritt 136 eine neue Zufallszahl 18 und neue Soll-Response-Signale 16a, 16b, 16c mit denen er die entsprechenden Speicherinhalte im Speicher 14 überschreibt. Danach bricht er den Zuordnungsprüfvorgang ab, Schritt 138.If the check in step 126 reveals that this is from the remote control 20 response signal sent back does not match that of Processor loaded target response signal 16a, 16b, 16c matches, the microprocessor 13 sets the internal counter B. up one step, step 128. He then checks whether the content counter B has a predetermined limit value, for example exceeds 3, step 130. Is that the If so, the microprocessor 13 determines one in accordance with step 136 new random number 18 and new target response signals 16a, 16b, 16c with which he the corresponding memory contents in memory 14 overwrites. Then it breaks the mapping check process off, step 138.

Ergibt die Prüfung im Schritt 130, daß der dem Zähler B zugeordnete Grenzwert noch nicht überschritten ist, führt der Mikroprozessor 13 ebenfalls eine Neubestimmung der Zufallszahl 18 und der Soll-Response-Signale 16a, 16b, 16c gemäß Schritt 136 durch. Anschließend fährt er jedoch mit der Wiederholung des Schrittes 104 fort und lädt die neubestimmten Speicherinhalte 18 und 16a, 16b, 16c unmittelbar neu, um nachfolgend Schritt 106 auszuführen..If the check in step 130 reveals that the one assigned to counter B. Limit has not yet been exceeded, the Microprocessor 13 also redetermines the random number 18 and the target response signals 16a, 16b, 16c according to Step 136 through. However, he then continues with the repetition step 104 and loads the redetermined ones Memory contents 18 and 16a, 16b, 16c immediately new to then perform step 106 ..

Es kann vorgesehen sein, die Bestimmung einer neuen Zufallszahl und neuer Soll-Responsesignale gemäß Schritt 136 gezielt langsam auszuführen. Da die Neubestimmung bei authorisierter Benutzung erst im Anschluß an die Bestätigung der Zugehörigkeit und der Ausgabe eines Freigabesignales erfolgt, wirkt sich eine langsame Durchführung des Schrittes 136 für den authorisierten Benutzer nicht aus. Hingegen wird einem Nichtberechtigten das Vortäuschen einer Zugehörigkeit einer Fernbedienung zu einer Basisstation erschwert, selbst wenn es ihm gelingen sollte, die Basisstation durch Nachbilden eines Kontaktsignales zur Abgabe eines Challengesignales an die Fernbedienung zu veranlassen. Durch gezielte Dehnung der Zeit zur Duchführung des Schrittes 136 wird es zudem erschwert, ein richtiges Response-Signal durch permutatives Wiederholen möglicher Response-Signale zu ermitteln.Provision can be made for determining a new random number and new target response signals in accordance with step 136 to execute slowly. Since the redefinition at authorized Use only after confirmation of the Membership and the issue of a release signal, affects slow execution of the step 136 for the authorized user. However, will to pretend belonging to an unauthorized person a remote control to a base station, even more difficult if he succeeded in replicating the base station a contact signal to issue a challenge signal to the remote control. Through targeted stretching the time to perform step 136, it is also difficult a correct response signal through permutatives Repeat possible response signals to determine.

Claims (10)

  1. Method for association of a remote control with a base station, with the base station (10) transmitting (108) a search signal, the remote control (20) transmitting back (112) a contact signal if the search signal matches a stored reference signal, the base station (10) then emitting (122) an activation signal, which is different for each association, for verification of the association with the remote control, characterized in that the variable activation signal is defined (136) by the base station even before transmission of the search signal, and is called up (104) only for the association process.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that, even before transmission of the search signal, the base station (10) also defines (136) the response signal with which the associated remote control (20) should respond after receiving the variable activation signal.
  3. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the variable activation signal is in each case defined after completion of a successful association process (126, 134) between a remote control (20) and a base station (10).
  4. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that a new variable activation signal is defined (136) when a response signal which is transmitted back from a remote control (20) in response to an activation signal does not match the nominal response signal predetermined in the base station (10).
  5. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the search signal is transmitted two or more times, immediately successively, when there is no contact signal in response to the previous search signal.
  6. Method according to Claim 4, characterized in that the implementation time for redefinition of the variable activation signal is longer than the shortest possible implementation time.
  7. Base station having
    a transmitting/receiving device (11) which is designed to emit search and activation signals and to receive contact and response signals from remote controls (20),
    means (13) for initiation/evaluation of the signals which are received/are to be transmitted via the transmitting/receiving device (11),
    a non-volatile memory unit (14) for storage of fixed and variable association information (15, 17, 31, 16, 18) which associates at least one remote control (20) with the base station (10) and allows the association to be checked, characterized in that the means (13) define the variable activation signal even before transmission of the search signal from the base station (10), and call it up only for the association process.
  8. Base station according to Claim 7, characterized in that the non-volatile memory unit (14) is designed as a memory medium which can be programmed once and only once.
  9. System comprising a remote control, which comprises
    a transmitting/receiving device (21) which is designed to receive search and activation signals and to emit contact and response signals,
    means (23) for evaluation/initiation of signals which have been received/are to be transmitted,
    and a non-volatile memory unit (24) for storage of association information (15, 25, 27, 31) which associates the remote control (20) with a base station (10), and also comprising a base station having
    a transmitting/receiving device (11) which is designed to emit search and activation signals and to receive contact and response signals from remote controls (20),
    means (13) for initiation/evaluation of the signals which have been received/are to be transmitted via the transmitting/receiving device (11),
    a non-volatile memory unit (14) for storage of fixed and variable association information (15, 17, 31, 16, 18) which associates at least one remote control (20) with the base station (10) and allows the association to be checked, characterized in that the means (13) define the variable activation signal even before transmission of the search signal from the base station (10) and call it up only for the association process.
  10. System according to Claim 9, characterized in that the non-volatile memory unit (14) in the base station (10) is designed as a memory medium which can be programmed once and only once.
EP98958152A 1997-09-26 1998-09-22 Method for allocating a remote control to a base station Expired - Lifetime EP1017916B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19742495 1997-09-26
DE19742495 1997-09-26
DE19841514A DE19841514A1 (en) 1997-09-26 1998-09-10 Method for assigning a remote control to a base station
DE19841514 1998-09-10
PCT/DE1998/002808 WO1999016989A1 (en) 1997-09-26 1998-09-22 Method for allocating a remote control to a base station

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EP1017916A1 EP1017916A1 (en) 2000-07-12
EP1017916B1 true EP1017916B1 (en) 2004-04-14

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AU (1) AU730422B2 (en)
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US6475724B1 (en) 1997-01-28 2002-11-05 The Regents Of The University Of California Nucleic acids, kits, and methods for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of glaucoma and related disorders

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DE2946942C2 (en) * 1979-11-21 1985-07-18 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Method for recognizing a large number of objects
ATE110480T1 (en) * 1987-03-31 1994-09-15 Identec Ltd ACCESS CONTROL DEVICE.
US5266925A (en) * 1991-09-30 1993-11-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Electronic identification tag interrogation method
US5856788A (en) * 1996-03-12 1999-01-05 Single Chips Systems Corp. Method and apparatus for radiofrequency identification tags

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AU730422B2 (en) 2001-03-08
AU1432599A (en) 1999-04-23
EP1017916A1 (en) 2000-07-12
ES2219920T3 (en) 2004-12-01

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