EP0952039B1 - Warning device for vehicle driver drowsiness - Google Patents

Warning device for vehicle driver drowsiness Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0952039B1
EP0952039B1 EP19990106292 EP99106292A EP0952039B1 EP 0952039 B1 EP0952039 B1 EP 0952039B1 EP 19990106292 EP19990106292 EP 19990106292 EP 99106292 A EP99106292 A EP 99106292A EP 0952039 B1 EP0952039 B1 EP 0952039B1
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Prior art keywords
vehicle driver
driving style
motor
vehicle
driver
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0952039A2 (en
EP0952039A3 (en
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Andreas Dr. Bastian
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Volkswagen AG
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Volkswagen AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/06—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons indicating a condition of sleep, e.g. anti-dozing alarms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for falling asleep a motor vehicle driver according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a device is known for example from DE 33 00 086, in the means of optical sensors due to the different reflectance the white boundary lines the roadway are detected and when exceeding the outer boundary line warns the driver. It is also proposed, analogous to the lane boundary lines capture, so that when you leave the lane to the left or right to fall asleep is closed. For reliable detection of the boundary lines even in the dark, a light source is used, which is aligned in the direction of the boundary lines becomes. The main disadvantage of the device is that this on the white lane markings instructed.
  • From DE 197 15 519 is a device for estimating a degree of drowsiness of a motor vehicle driver It is known that an image recording means for recording images a face area of the driver of blinking the driver's eye from the image data of the image-recording agent.
  • the device further comprises a detection means for detecting an elapsed time during a blinking blink time in Corresponding to the image data for the face area, which is captured by the image recording means a obtaining means for obtaining a frequency distribution of Blinking duration, which during a first predetermined period of time after a start of the Driving operation of the vehicle is detected, a setting means for setting a threshold in Correspondence with the frequency distribution for the extraction of the slow blinking of the Auges, a calculation means for calculating an occurrence ratio of the slow Blinking during every other predetermined time period, wherein the occurrence ratio is set by the ratio of a number of Blinzelvor réelle with a duration whose values are not less than the threshold value with respect to a total number of blink duration during the second predetermined time period and a discriminating means for discriminating the drowsiness of the driver in accordance with the calculated occurrence ratio.
  • a disadvantage of the device is that in spectacle wearers due to the reflections the image recording medium not reliable the eye movements of the motor vehicle driver can capture.
  • a yaw rate sensor for detecting the yaw rate is provided.
  • the determined yaw rate is integrated over time and therefrom a yaw angle derived.
  • a yaw angle then becomes Reference line calculated. Starting from this reference line can then be a differential Lateral deviation can be determined and processed.
  • a disadvantage of the known device is their extremely complex structure, which makes the device very error prone.
  • Another Disadvantage is the use of unifunktionalen sensors, what the training of the electronic on-board network complicates.
  • unifunktionale sensors such as a lateral acceleration sensor.
  • From DE 195 07 957 C1 is an optical scanning device for a lateral Roadway area known.
  • the scanner allows runtime measurements, Contrast measurements and the detection of lane markings after the Triangulation. From sensor data, the distance to both the Lane marking as well as curbside calculated. Based on the data collected an audible warning signal is generated when there is a risk that the vehicle is at Maintaining the current driving style exceeds the side lane marking or this approaches to a minimum distance.
  • US 4,829,434 relates to an automatic adaptation of driving characteristics to the Expectations and abilities of a driver. This is especially the dynamic driving behavior of the driver considered.
  • DE 43 38 244 A1 describes a danger avoidance system for a vehicle, which in is able to avoid the collision of a vehicle against obstacles and the effect to reduce a collision on a vehicle.
  • a Decision unit provided, which decides whether the driver of the system aware of dangerous driving mode.
  • a sleep warning device which on a Speech recognition based.
  • the device generates voice output on which the Driver must respond with a spoken answer.
  • the spoken answers of Drivers are evaluated in order to attract attention d. H. one To determine the driver's wakefulness.
  • the voice outputs and inputs can For example, be coupled with a navigation system.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of a device for falling asleep to create a motor vehicle driver, which is based essentially on existing sensors in the Motor vehicle can fall back.
  • the distance sensor is composed of a plurality of Distance sensors, preferably laser and / or radar sensors, together, the Fully scan the environment of the vehicle, which provides additional information of the To win the vehicle environment. For example, from the presence of Oncoming traffic and from whose speed draw conclusions on what one Road is the vehicle, how many tracks are available and how wide the Lane is, without the lane needs to be determined explicitly.
  • the means for detecting a Reference driving style of the motor vehicle driver and / or the comparison logic as fuzzy logic and / or formed as a neural network.
  • FIGURE shows a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for Sleep alert of a motor vehicle driver.
  • the device 1 for falling asleep a motor vehicle driver comprises a Distance sensor 2, an evaluation unit 3, a navigation system 4, a device 5 for Detection of a reference driving style, a comparison logic 6 and a warning device 7.
  • the device 1 has the personal driving style of a motor vehicle driver learn to safely detect significant differences in driving style before falling asleep.
  • the device 5 for detecting a reference driving style detects an actuating signal the accelerator pedal 8, a brake pedal 9 and a direction indicator 10.
  • the distance sensor 2 which is formed for example as a laser and / or radar sensor is, a corresponding radiation and receives reflected from objects radiation components. Due to the shape and the duration of the received radiation can by means of the evaluation unit 3 on the nature and distance of the surrounding objects and thus on the Environment generally closed.
  • the distance sensor 2 which is formed for example as a laser and / or radar sensor is, a corresponding radiation and receives reflected from objects radiation components. Due to the shape and the duration of the received radiation can by means of the evaluation unit 3 on the nature and distance of the surrounding objects and thus on the Environment generally closed.
  • this Lemphase is now registered how much lateral self-motion of the motor vehicle driver usually has in his driving style and other significant style features.
  • the detection of the reference driving style can by means of Maps or stored by means of fuzzy rules and / or by means of neural networks are then adaptively adapted to changes in the driving style, if necessary.
  • the distance sensor 2 detects continuously the objects surrounding the motor vehicle.
  • the evaluation unit determines from the data 3 first the respective roadway boundaries. Furthermore, vehicles of the Oncoming traffic identified by the negative relative speed. Based on Total width of the carriageway, the recorded speeds and the presence of the Oncoming traffic can then be closed to the type of road. In addition, receives the evaluation unit 3 data from a navigation system 4, the knowledge gained about the environment to complete or with these match.
  • the Evaluation unit a lateral movement of the motor vehicle on one of the travel limits to, it is compared in the comparison logic 6 with the reference driving style. He follows during the comparison, an actuation of the direction indicator 10 or a controlled Actuation of the accelerator or brake pedal 8, 9, so may be on a voluntary action of the Motor vehicle driver are closed, so that the further comparison can be set can. Otherwise the comparison with the reference driving style will continue and if exceeded a threshold, the warning device 7 is driven. The warning device 7 generates then a haptic, audible and / or visual warning to the motor vehicle driver, that this is falling asleep.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Einschlafwarnung eines Kraftfahrzeugführers gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for falling asleep a motor vehicle driver according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine häufige Ursache schwerer Verkehrsunfälle ist die Übermüdung des Kraftfahrzeugführers. Daher werden seit längerer Zeit vielfältige Anstrengungen unternommen, einen solchen physischen Zustand des Kratfahrzeugführers frühzeitig zu erkennen und den Kraftfahrzeugführer zu warnen, so daß dieser auf seinen Zustand aufmerksam gemacht wird und gegebenenfalls eine Ruhepause einlegt.A common cause of serious traffic accidents is the fatigue of the motor vehicle driver. Therefore, for a long time diverse efforts have been made, one to recognize such physical condition of the Kratfahrzeugführers early and the motor vehicle driver to warn so that he is made aware of his condition and if necessary, take a break.

Eine solche Vorrichtung ist beispielsweise aus der DE 33 00 086 bekannt, bei der mittels optischer Sensoren aufgrund des unterschiedlichen Reflexionsgrades die weißen Begrenzungslinien der Fahrbahn erfaßt werden und bei Überschreitung der äußeren Begrenzungslinie den Fahrer warnt. Weiter wird vorgeschlagen, analog die Fahrspurbegrenzungslinien zu erfassen, so daß bei einem Verlassen der Fahrspur nach links oder rechts auf ein Einschlafen geschlossen wird. Zur sicheren Erfassung der Begrenzungslinien auch bei Dunkelheit wird zusätzlich eine Lichtquelle verwendet, die in Richtung der Begrenzungslinien ausgerichtet wird. Wesentlicher Nachteil der Vorrichtung ist, daß diese auf die weißen Fahrbahnmarkierungen angewiesen ist.Such a device is known for example from DE 33 00 086, in the means of optical sensors due to the different reflectance the white boundary lines the roadway are detected and when exceeding the outer boundary line warns the driver. It is also proposed, analogous to the lane boundary lines capture, so that when you leave the lane to the left or right to fall asleep is closed. For reliable detection of the boundary lines even in the dark In addition, a light source is used, which is aligned in the direction of the boundary lines becomes. The main disadvantage of the device is that this on the white lane markings instructed.

Aus der DE 197 15 519 ist ein Gerät zum Schätzen eines Schläfrigkeitsgrades eines Kraftfahrzeugführers bekannt, das ein Bildaufzeichnungsmittel zum Aufzeichnen von Bildern eines Gesichtsbereiches des Fahrers des Blinzelns des Auges des Fahrers aus den Bilddaten des Bildaufzeichnungsmittels umfaßt. Das Gerät umfaßt weiter ein Erfassungsmittel zum Erfassen einer verstrichenen Zeit während eines Augenblinzelns als Blinzeldauer in Übereinstimmung mit den Bilddaten für den Gesichtsbereich, die durch das Bildaufzeichnungsmittel erhalten werden, ein Erhaltemittel zum Erhalten einer Häufigkeitsverteilung der Blinzeldauer, die während einer ersten vorbestimmten Zeitspanne nach einem Start des Fahrbetriebs des Fahrzeugs erfaßt wird, ein Setzmittel zum Setzen eines Schwellwertes in Übereinstimmung mit der Häufigkeitsverteilung zur Extraktion des langsamen Blinzelns des Auges, ein Berechnungsmittel zum Berechnen eines Auftrittsverhältnisses des langsamen Blinzelns während jeder zweiten vorbestimmten Zeitspanne, wobei das Auftrittsverhältnis durch das Verhältnis einer Anzahl der Blinzelvorgänge mit einer Dauer eingestellt wird, deren Werte nicht kleiner als der Schwellwert sind, in Bezug auf eine Gesamtzahl der Blinzeldauer während der zweiten vorbestimmten Zeitspanne und ein Unterscheidungsmittel zum Unterscheiden des Schläfrigkeitsgrades des Fahrers in Übereinstimmung mit dem berechneten Auftrittsverhältnis.From DE 197 15 519 is a device for estimating a degree of drowsiness of a motor vehicle driver It is known that an image recording means for recording images a face area of the driver of blinking the driver's eye from the image data of the image-recording agent. The device further comprises a detection means for detecting an elapsed time during a blinking blink time in Corresponding to the image data for the face area, which is captured by the image recording means a obtaining means for obtaining a frequency distribution of Blinking duration, which during a first predetermined period of time after a start of the Driving operation of the vehicle is detected, a setting means for setting a threshold in Correspondence with the frequency distribution for the extraction of the slow blinking of the Auges, a calculation means for calculating an occurrence ratio of the slow Blinking during every other predetermined time period, wherein the occurrence ratio is set by the ratio of a number of Blinzelvorgänge with a duration whose values are not less than the threshold value with respect to a total number of blink duration during the second predetermined time period and a discriminating means for discriminating the drowsiness of the driver in accordance with the calculated occurrence ratio.

Nachteilig an der Vorrichtung ist, daß bei Brillenträgern aufgrund der Spiegelungen das Bildaufzeichnungsmittel nicht zuverlässig die Augenbewegungen des Kraftfahrzeugführers erfassen kann.A disadvantage of the device is that in spectacle wearers due to the reflections the image recording medium not reliable the eye movements of the motor vehicle driver can capture.

Aus der DE 196 00 938 ist eine Vorrichtung bekannt, die zur Berücksichtigung des persönlichen Fahrstils und der Straßenverhältnisse folgende Komponenten umfaßt:

  • Verhaltensparameter-Erfassungmittel, um einen Verhaltensparameter zu erfassen, welcher für einen mit einer Gierbewegung oder/und Lateralbewegung des Fahrzeugs in Bezug stehenden Verhaltensbetrag kennzeichnend ist, Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit-Erfassungsmittel, um eine Geschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs zu erfassen,
  • Referenz-Verhaltensparameter-Setzmittel, um einen Referenz-Verhaltensparameter auf der Grundlage von Änderungen des Verhaltensparameters zu setzen,
  • Lateralabweichungsverhaltensbetrag-Berechnungsmittel, um einen Lateralabweichungsverhaltensbetrag des Fahrzeugs auf der Grundlage des Verhaltensparameters, des Referenz-Verhaltensparameters und der Geschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs zu berechnen, Fahrzustand-Bestimmungsmittel, um auf der Grundlage des Lateralabweichungsverhaltensbetrags zu bestimmen, ob der Fahrzustand des Fahrers normal ist oder nicht und Abnormalität-Bestimmungsmittel, welche auf eine durch die Fahrzustand-Bestimmungsmittel durchgeführte Bestimmung, daß der Fahrzustand des Fahrers nicht normal ist, ansprechen, um zu bestimmen, daß der Fahrzustand des Fahrers abnormal ist.
    • From DE 196 00 938 a device is known, which includes the following components to take into account the personal driving style and the road conditions:
  • Behavior parameter detecting means for detecting a behavior parameter indicative of a behavioral amount related to yawing and / or lateral movement of the vehicle; vehicle speed detecting means for detecting a speed of the vehicle;
  • Reference behavior parameter setting means for setting a reference behavior parameter based on behavior parameter changes;
  • Lateral deviation behavior amount calculating means for calculating a lateral deviation behavior amount of the vehicle on the basis of the behavioral parameter, the reference behavior parameter, and the speed of the vehicle; driving condition determining means for determining whether or not the driving condition of the driver is normal based on the lateral deviation behavior amount; Abnormality determining means responsive to a determination made by the driving state determining means that the driving state of the driver is abnormal to determine that the driving state of the driver is abnormal.

    • Zur Bestimmung einer Referenzlinie ist ein Gierratensensor zur Erfassung der Gierrate vorgesehen. Die ermittelte Gierrate wird über die Zeit integriert und daraus ein Gierwinkel abgeleitet. Mittels des Fehlerquadratverfahrens wird dann aus dem Gierwinkel eine Referenzlinie berechnet. Ausgehend von dieser Referenzlinie kann dann eine differentielle Lateralabweichung bestimmt und verarbeitet werden. Nachteilig an der bekannten Vorrichtung ist deren äußerst komplexer Aufbau, der die Vorrichtung sehr fehleranfällig macht. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist die Verwendung von unifunktionalen Sensoren, was die Ausbildung des elektronischen Bordnetzes verkompliziert. Zwar wird in der Druckschrift eine Alternativlösung für den Gierratensensor vorgeschlagen, jedoch benötigt diese ebenfalls unifunktionale Sensoren wie beispielsweise einen lateralen Beschleunigungssensor.For determining a reference line, a yaw rate sensor for detecting the yaw rate is provided. The determined yaw rate is integrated over time and therefrom a yaw angle derived. By means of the least squares method, a yaw angle then becomes Reference line calculated. Starting from this reference line can then be a differential Lateral deviation can be determined and processed. A disadvantage of the known device is their extremely complex structure, which makes the device very error prone. Another Disadvantage is the use of unifunktionalen sensors, what the training of the electronic on-board network complicates. Although in the document an alternative solution for proposed the yaw rate sensor, but this also requires unifunktionale sensors such as a lateral acceleration sensor.

    Aus der DE 195 07 957 C1 ist eine optische Abtasteinrichtung für einen seitlichen Fahrbahnbereich bekannt. Die Abtasteinrichtung ermöglicht Laufzeitmessungen, Kontrastmessungen und die Erkennung von Fahrbahnrandmarkierungen nach dem Triangulationsprinzip. Aus Sensordaten wird kontinuierlich der Abstand sowohl zur Fahrspurmarkierung als auch zur Bordsteinkante berechnet. Auf Basis der erfassten Daten wird ein akustisches Warnsignal erzeugt, wenn die Gefahr besteht, dass das Fahrzeug bei Beibehaltung der momentanen Fahrweise die seitliche Fahrbahnmarkierung überschreitet oder sich dieser bis auf einen Mindestabstand annähert.From DE 195 07 957 C1 is an optical scanning device for a lateral Roadway area known. The scanner allows runtime measurements, Contrast measurements and the detection of lane markings after the Triangulation. From sensor data, the distance to both the Lane marking as well as curbside calculated. Based on the data collected an audible warning signal is generated when there is a risk that the vehicle is at Maintaining the current driving style exceeds the side lane marking or this approaches to a minimum distance.

    Aus dem US Patent Nr. 5,189,619 ist ein Fahrzeugsteuersystem bekannt, welches eine verbesserte Steuerung des Fahrzeugs im Falle eines automatisierten Fahrens hinter einem anderen Fahrzeug ermöglicht. Es wird dabei der dynamische Fahrstil des Fahrers erfasst und anhand dieses Fahrstils wird ein Gefahrenindex angepasst, welcher es ermöglicht das automatisch gesteuerte Fahrverhalten an den Fahrstil des Fahrers anzugleichen.From US Pat. No. 5,189,619 a vehicle control system is known, which has a improved control of the vehicle in case of automated driving behind one other vehicle allows. It is the dynamic driving style of the driver recorded and Based on this driving style, a hazard index is adapted, which makes it possible to adjust automatically controlled driving behavior to the driving style of the driver.

    Die US 4,829,434 betrifft eine automatische Anpassung von Fahreigenschaften an die Erwartungen und Fähigkeiten eines Fahrzeugführers. Hierbei wird insbesondere das dynamische Fahrverhalten des Fahrers berücksichtigt.US 4,829,434 relates to an automatic adaptation of driving characteristics to the Expectations and abilities of a driver. This is especially the dynamic driving behavior of the driver considered.

    Die DE 43 38 244 A1 beschreibt ein Gefahrenvermeidungssystem für ein Fahrzeug, welches in der Lage ist, die Kollision eines Fahrzeugs gegen Hindernisse zu vermeiden und den Effekt einer Kollision an einem Fahrzeug zu reduzieren. Dabei ist insbesondere eine Entscheidungseinheit vorgesehen, welche entscheidet, ob sich der Fahrer eines vom System erkannten gefährlichen Fahrmodus bewusst ist. DE 43 38 244 A1 describes a danger avoidance system for a vehicle, which in is able to avoid the collision of a vehicle against obstacles and the effect to reduce a collision on a vehicle. Here is in particular a Decision unit provided, which decides whether the driver of the system aware of dangerous driving mode.

    Aus der US 5,694,116 ist eine Einschlafwarnvorrichtung bekannt, welche auf einer Spracherkennung basiert. Die Vorrichtung erzeugt dabei Sprachausgaben auf welche der Fahrer mit einer gesprochenen Antwort reagieren muss. Die gesprochenen Antworten des Fahrers werden ausgewertet, um auf diese Weise die Aufmerksamkeit d. h. einen Wachheitsgrad des Fahrers zu ermitteln. Die Sprachausgaben und -eingaben können beispielsweise mit einem Navigationssystem gekoppelt werden.From US 5,694,116 a sleep warning device is known, which on a Speech recognition based. The device generates voice output on which the Driver must respond with a spoken answer. The spoken answers of Drivers are evaluated in order to attract attention d. H. one To determine the driver's wakefulness. The voice outputs and inputs can For example, be coupled with a navigation system.

    Der Erfindung liegt das technische Problem zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zur Einschlafwarnung eines Kraftfahrzeugführers zu schaffen, die im wesentlichen auf bereits vorhandene Sensorik im Kraftfahrzeug zurückgreifen kann.The invention is based on the technical problem of a device for falling asleep to create a motor vehicle driver, which is based essentially on existing sensors in the Motor vehicle can fall back.

    Die Lösung des technischen Problems ergibt sich durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1. Durch die Ermittlung der Fahrzeugumgebung aus den Daten der Abstandssensorik kann diese multifunktional genutzt werden. Aufgrund der vorhandenen Vegetation, Bebauung oder anderer signifikanter Objekte kann aus den Daten der Abstandssensorik auf die Fahrbahnbegrenzungen geschlossen und somit eine Relativbewegung zur Fahrbahnbegrenzung des Kraftfahrzeuges unabhängig vom Fahrbahnverlauf ermittelt werden. Weitere Informationen können dem zugeordneten Navigationssystem entnommen werden, da den digitalen Straßenkarten Straßenart und Umgebungsinformationen entnehmbar sind. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.The solution of the technical problem results from the features of claim 1. By determining the vehicle environment from the data of the distance sensor, this can be used multifunctional. Due to the existing vegetation, building or other Significant objects can be obtained from the distance sensor data on the lane boundaries closed and thus a relative movement to the road boundary of the motor vehicle be determined independently of the road course. More information can the assigned navigation system, as the digital road maps Street type and environmental information are removable. Further advantageous Embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

    In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform setzt sich die Abstandssensorik aus einer Vielzahl von Abstandssensoren, vorzugsweise Laser- und/oder Radarsensoren, zusammen, die die Umgebung des Fahrzeuges vollständig abtasten, wodurch sich Zusatzinformationen der Fahrzeugumgebung gewinnen lassen. Beispielsweise lassen sich aus dem Vorhandensein von Gegenverkehr und aus dessen Geschwindigkeit Rückschlüsse darauf ziehen, auf was für einer Strasse sich das Fahrzeug befindet, wieviele Spuren zur Verfügung stehen und wie breit die Fahrspur ist, ohne dass die Fahrspur explizit ermittelt werden braucht.In a preferred embodiment, the distance sensor is composed of a plurality of Distance sensors, preferably laser and / or radar sensors, together, the Fully scan the environment of the vehicle, which provides additional information of the To win the vehicle environment. For example, from the presence of Oncoming traffic and from whose speed draw conclusions on what one Road is the vehicle, how many tracks are available and how wide the Lane is, without the lane needs to be determined explicitly.

    In einer weiterem bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die Einrichtungen zur Erfassung eines Referenzfahrstils des Kraftfahrzeugführers und/oder die Vergleichslogik als Fuzzy-Logik und/oder als neuronales Netzwerk ausgebildet. In a further preferred embodiment, the means for detecting a Reference driving style of the motor vehicle driver and / or the comparison logic as fuzzy logic and / or formed as a neural network.

    Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Die einzige Figur zeigt ein schematisches Blockschaltbild einer Vorrichtung zur Einschlafwarnung eines Kraftfahrzeugführers.The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to a preferred embodiment explained. The single FIGURE shows a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for Sleep alert of a motor vehicle driver.

    Die Vorrichtung 1 zur Einschlafwarnung eines Kraftfahrzeugführers umfaßt eine Abstandssensorik 2, eine Auswerteeinheit 3, ein Navigationssystem 4, eine Einrichtung 5 zur Erfassung eines Referenzfahrstils, eine Vergleichslogik 6 und eine Warneinrichtung 7.The device 1 for falling asleep a motor vehicle driver comprises a Distance sensor 2, an evaluation unit 3, a navigation system 4, a device 5 for Detection of a reference driving style, a comparison logic 6 and a warning device 7.

    Zunächst hat die Vorrichtung 1 den persönlichen Fahrstil eines Kraftfahrzeugführers zu lernen, um signifikante Unterschiede zum Fahrstil vor dem Einschlafen sicher zu detektieren. Dazu erfaßt die Einrichtung 5 zur Erfassung eines Referenzfahrstils ein Betätigungssignal des Gaspedals 8, eines Bremspedals 9 und eines Fahrtrichtungsanzeigers 10. Weiter sendet die Abstandssensorik 2, die beispielsweise als Laser- und/oder Radarsensor ausgebildet ist, eine entsprechende Strahlung aus und empfängt von Objekten reflektierte Strahlungsanteile. Aufgrund der Form und der Laufzeit der empfangenen Strahlung kann mittels der Auswerteeinheit 3 auf Art und Abstand der umgebenen Objekte und somit auf die Umgebung allgemein geschlossen werden. In dieser Lemphase wird nun registriert, wieviel laterale Eigenbewegung der Kraftfahrzeugführer gewöhnlich in seinem Fahrstil hat und andere signifikante Stilmerkmale. Die Erfassung des Referenzfahrstils kann dabei mittels Kennfeldern oder mittels Fuzzy-Regeln und/oder mittels neuronaler Netzwerke abgelegt werden, die dann gegebenenfalls adaptiv an Veränderungen des Fahrstils angepaßt werden. Ist nun ein derartiger Referenzfahrstil erlernt, so erfaßt die Abstandssensorik 2 kontinuierlich die das Kraftfahrzeug umgebenden Objekte. Aus den Daten ermittelt die Auswerteeeinheit 3 zunächst die jeweiligen Fahrbahnbegrenzungen. Des weiteren werden Fahrzeuge des Gegenverkehrs anhand der negativen Relativgeschwindigkeit identifiziert. Anhand der Gesamtbreite der Fahrbahn, den erfaßten Geschwindigkeiten und dem Vorhandensein vom Gegenverkehr kann dann auf die Art der Straße geschlossen werden. Darüber hinaus erhält die Auswerteeinheit 3 Daten von einem Navigationssystem 4, um die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse über die Umgebung zu vervollständigen bzw. mit diesen abzugleichen. Erfaßt nun die Auswerteeinheit eine laterale Bewegung des Kraftfahrzeuges auf eine der Fahrbegrenzungen zu, so wird diese in der Vergleichslogik 6 mit dem Referenzfahrstil vergleichen. Erfolgt während des Vergleichs eine Betätigung des Fahrtrichtungsanzeigers 10 oder eine kontrollierte Betätigung des Gas- oder Bremspedals 8, 9, so kann auf eine gewollte Aktion des Kraftfahrzeugführers geschlossen werden, so daß der weitere Vergleich eingestellt werden kann. Ansonsten wird der Vergleich mit dem Referenzfahrstil fortgesetzt und bei Überschreitung eines Schwellwertes die Warneinrichtung 7 angesteuert. Die Warneinrichtung 7 erzeugt dann eine haptische, akustische und/oder optische Warnung an den Kraftfahrzeugführer, daß dieser am Einschlafen ist.First, the device 1 has the personal driving style of a motor vehicle driver learn to safely detect significant differences in driving style before falling asleep. For this purpose, the device 5 for detecting a reference driving style detects an actuating signal the accelerator pedal 8, a brake pedal 9 and a direction indicator 10. Next sends the distance sensor 2, which is formed for example as a laser and / or radar sensor is, a corresponding radiation and receives reflected from objects radiation components. Due to the shape and the duration of the received radiation can by means of the evaluation unit 3 on the nature and distance of the surrounding objects and thus on the Environment generally closed. In this Lemphase is now registered how much lateral self-motion of the motor vehicle driver usually has in his driving style and other significant style features. The detection of the reference driving style can by means of Maps or stored by means of fuzzy rules and / or by means of neural networks are then adaptively adapted to changes in the driving style, if necessary. Now, if such a reference driving style learned, the distance sensor 2 detects continuously the objects surrounding the motor vehicle. The evaluation unit determines from the data 3 first the respective roadway boundaries. Furthermore, vehicles of the Oncoming traffic identified by the negative relative speed. Based on Total width of the carriageway, the recorded speeds and the presence of the Oncoming traffic can then be closed to the type of road. In addition, receives the evaluation unit 3 data from a navigation system 4, the knowledge gained about the environment to complete or with these match. Now capture the Evaluation unit a lateral movement of the motor vehicle on one of the travel limits to, it is compared in the comparison logic 6 with the reference driving style. He follows during the comparison, an actuation of the direction indicator 10 or a controlled Actuation of the accelerator or brake pedal 8, 9, so may be on a voluntary action of the Motor vehicle driver are closed, so that the further comparison can be set can. Otherwise the comparison with the reference driving style will continue and if exceeded a threshold, the warning device 7 is driven. The warning device 7 generates then a haptic, audible and / or visual warning to the motor vehicle driver, that this is falling asleep.

    Claims (7)

    1. Apparatus for warning a motor-vehicle driver against falling asleep, comprising a device for detecting the driving environment, a device for sensing a reference driving style of the motor-vehicle driver, comparison logic for comparing the reference driving style with an actual driving style which is determined by the device for detecting the driving environment, and a warning device which can be actuated by the comparison logic,
      characterized in that
      the device for detecting the driving environment is in the form of a proximity sensor system (2) from whose data any relative lateral movement of the motor vehicle with respect to the lane boundary can be inferred, wherein the apparatus (1) has an associated navigation system (4) and the apparatus (1) is designed for the purpose of completing and/or adjusting information obtained about the driving environment with data from the navigation system (4).
    2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the proximity sensor system (2) is composed of a plurality of proximity sensors which completely scan the vehicle surroundings.
    3. Apparatus according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the proximity sensors are in the form of laser sensors and/or radar sensors.
    4. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (5) for sensing a reference driving style of the motor-vehicle driver is in the form of fuzzy logic and/or in the form of a neural network.
    5. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an operating signal of a brake pedal (8), of an accelerator pedal (9) and of a direction indicator (10) can be supplied to the device (5) for sensing a reference driving style of the motor-vehicle driver.
    6. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the comparison logic (6) is in the form of fuzzy logic and/or in the form of a neural network.
    7. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the warning device (7) is in the form of a tactile and/or audible and/or visual warning device.
    EP19990106292 1998-04-23 1999-04-16 Warning device for vehicle driver drowsiness Expired - Lifetime EP0952039B1 (en)

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    DE19818239 1998-04-23
    DE1998118239 DE19818239A1 (en) 1998-04-23 1998-04-23 Device for warning that a motor vehicle driver is falling asleep

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    DE19818239A1 (en) 1999-10-28
    EP0952039A3 (en) 2002-06-05
    DE59912476D1 (en) 2005-10-06

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