EP0789341B1 - Vehicle on board detection of traffic jam - Google Patents
Vehicle on board detection of traffic jam Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0789341B1 EP0789341B1 EP97250017A EP97250017A EP0789341B1 EP 0789341 B1 EP0789341 B1 EP 0789341B1 EP 97250017 A EP97250017 A EP 97250017A EP 97250017 A EP97250017 A EP 97250017A EP 0789341 B1 EP0789341 B1 EP 0789341B1
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- Prior art keywords
- traffic
- vehicle
- speed
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0108—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data
- G08G1/0112—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data from the vehicle, e.g. floating car data [FCD]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0125—Traffic data processing
- G08G1/0133—Traffic data processing for classifying traffic situation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0137—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications
- G08G1/0141—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications for traffic information dissemination
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0137—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications
- G08G1/0145—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications for active traffic flow control
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the automatic vehicle-autonomous detection of Traffic jam and a device for performing this method. It is about So the automatic determination of a measure to assess the traffic-dependent Road trafficability.
- WO 95/14292 describes a system for displaying the traffic flow on selected ones Known distances, whereby in a calibration phase mean and variance for a certain route can be determined. Determined during the measuring operation Sample vehicle then its own actual speed average and variance. At Deviations from the reference values are reported to the control center.
- DE 43 21 437 A1 describes a method for automatic autonomous detection known from traffic information, i.e. Travel information entered in the vehicle with traffic information recorded via radio and with an on-board Traffic database processed.
- the recording and description of the traffic situation is an essential task in the area the traffic telematics, which has the goal to avoid situations with traffic congestion if possible equalize and avoid by appropriate forward redirection of Road users on less congested roads. It is known for this purpose Stationary detection devices installed on the street (e.g. beacons, induction loops or similar) to use. This is not just a very high cost of creation and maintenance connected to the required infrastructure, but also has the disadvantage that this Depending on the system, only one facility is extremely locally limited Show area of application. For a comprehensive traffic situation recording is therefore the Installation of a huge number of detection devices necessary.
- Stationary detection devices installed on the street (e.g. beacons, induction loops or similar) to use. This is not just a very high cost of creation and maintenance connected to the required infrastructure, but also has the disadvantage that this Depending on the system, only one facility is extremely locally limited Show area of application. For a comprehensive traffic situation recording is therefore the Installation of a huge number of detection devices necessary.
- a problem with the "floating probes" is that the continuous transmission of the current speed of a large number of vehicles is an extremely heavy burden on the transmission channels of the communication device and, moreover, constitutes a significant cost factor when using a fee-based communication system. This is to be seen against the background that mainly information is transmitted which in reality does not provide any real new knowledge. It would therefore be useful if the transmission of information could at least be largely restricted to periods of time in which critical traffic situations are forming, have already started or are disappearing. One should therefore be able to determine the time periods in which interesting changes in road traffic appear. This could, as has also already become known, be made possible by the fact that the relevant traffic situation information is given by people in the "floating probes" (so-called congestion detectors) as required.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method and an apparatus for the same Implementation to indicate that an automatic, i.e. person-independent Autonomous detection of traffic congestion enables, so that depending of which there is a targeted transmission of really important traffic information can.
- the invention provides that the speed of a vehicle
- the sample vehicle fleet is continuously recorded and sent to an internal vehicle Classifier is given.
- This classifier has access to Speed classes stored in a storage device for default values are preferably stored depending on the type of road.
- the default values can be fixed values or stored as dynamically variable quantities. For example could be the default when turning on each device and the following Initialization done.
- the possibility of setting the default values of is particularly advantageous change from a central office as required (e.g. using mobile radio).
- the classifier arranges the recorded value of the current one Speed of one of these speed classes.
- this assignment to speed classes which are determined by predetermined limit values are set.
- At least three are expediently Speed classes provided. It should also set the limits the speed classes depend on the type of road. While for example, for urban streets a multiple division in the lower Speed range makes sense, should also be the case for motorways middle and upper speed range are considered as a separate class. In this way it is possible, for example, slow driving and standing phases, distinguishable from one due to high traffic Similar (normal) driving behavior in front of a red traffic light.
- the next step is to include the speed classes Class assignment in a temporal integration process.
- the result of this Integration process of the sequence of individual classified vehicle speeds is used to form a continuous measure of the event "traffic jam" (traffic jam measure) a limited scale, especially a probability scale.
- the functional block example shown in FIG. 2 for a device for implementation of the inventive method has the speed detection device 1, whose data output is connected to a classification device 2, in which the continuously measured instantaneous vehicle speeds Speed class can be assigned.
- the classifying device 2 can preferably include a speed class as Non-volatile memory designed storage device 4 for Take speed classes.
- the data output of the classification device 2 is connected to the data input of an integration device 3.
- the result of Integration arrives in an evaluation device 5, which is used for the respective one Traffic situation in the area of the vehicle concerned Sample vehicle fleet provides representative stowage dimensions, preferably in the form a probability value for the existence of the "traffic jam" event. With completely The value 0% is therefore delivered free travel.
- this storage dimension enables the device according to the invention, automatically without any manual Help to recognize critical or critical traffic situations and to recognize them on their own e.g. to activate a communication device 6, by means of which a situation-related transmission of important traffic situation information to a appropriate collection point can take place. As soon as a situation arises in which one no further information transmission via the communication device 6 the communication device can provide essential new knowledge be deactivated again. This can be the case, for example, if there is a Vehicle stays in a traffic jam for a long time, so the storage dimension practically does not change changed. However, it can be of particular interest to recognize the point in time when this vehicle leaves the storage area.
- the classifying device 2 the Storage device 4, the integration device 3 and the evaluation device 5 are designed in the form of an in-vehicle electronic computing system.
- the integration device 3 and the evaluation device 5 are designed in the form of an in-vehicle electronic computing system.
- the Device according to the invention with a (not shown) Positioning device (e.g. based on navigation satellites) be equipped.
- the method according to the invention enables a very simple way automatic decentralized, i.e. Autonomous determination of a representative Measure for the "traffic jam" situation with any refinements if necessary Intermediate levels up to the situation "free travel".
- the necessary In-vehicle device is very simple and inexpensive from standard components producible.
- the invention enables the scope to be meaningful Traffic situation detection required communication needs at a To limit the sample vehicle fleet to a minimum, as a Autonomous automatic detection of situations in which Traffic situation information should be transmitted to a data collection point with sufficient reliability is possible.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur automatischen fahrzeugautonomen Detektion von Verkehrsstau sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens. Es handelt sich also um die automatische Ermittlung eines Maßes zur Beurteilung der verkehrsabhängigen Befahrbarkeit von Straßen .The invention relates to a method for the automatic vehicle-autonomous detection of Traffic jam and a device for performing this method. It is about So the automatic determination of a measure to assess the traffic-dependent Road trafficability.
Aus der WO 95/14292 ist ein System zur Anzeige des Verkehrsflusses auf ausgewählten Strecken bekannt, wobei in einer Kalibrationsphase Mittelwert und Varianz für eine bestimmte Strecke bestimmt werden. Während des Meßbetriebes ermittelt ein Probenfahrzeug dann seinen eigenen Ist-Geschwindigkeitsmttelwert und Varianz. Bei Abweichungen von den Referenzwerten wird eine Meldung zur Zentrale gegeben.WO 95/14292 describes a system for displaying the traffic flow on selected ones Known distances, whereby in a calibration phase mean and variance for a certain route can be determined. Determined during the measuring operation Sample vehicle then its own actual speed average and variance. At Deviations from the reference values are reported to the control center.
Aus der DE 43 21 437 A1 ist ein Verfahren zur automatischen fahrzeugautonomen Detektion von Verkehrsinformationen bekannt, d.h. im Fahrzeug eingegebene Fahrtinformationen werden mit über Radio erfaßten Verkehrsinformationen und mit einer bordeigenen Verkehrsdatenbank verarbeitet.DE 43 21 437 A1 describes a method for automatic autonomous detection known from traffic information, i.e. Travel information entered in the vehicle with traffic information recorded via radio and with an on-board Traffic database processed.
Die Erfassung und Beschreibung der Verkehrslage ist eine wesentliche Aufgabe im Bereich der Verkehrstelematik, die das Ziel hat, Situationen mit Verkehrsstau nach Möglichkeit zu entzerren und zu vermeiden durch entsprechende vorausschauende Umlenkung von Verkehrsteilnehmern auf weniger belastete Straßen. Es ist bekannt, zu diesem Zweck straßenseitig installierte stationäre Erfassungseinrichtungen (z.B. Baken, Induktionsschleifen o.ä.) zu verwenden. Dies ist nicht nur mit sehr hohen Kosten für die Schaffung und Erhaltung der erforderlichen Infrastruktur verbunden, sondern hat auch den Nachteil, daß diese Einrichtungen systembedingt jeweils nur einen lokal außerordentlich eng begrenzten Einsatzbereich aufweisen. Für eine flächendeckende Verkehrslageerfassung ist daher die Installation einer riesigen Anzahl von Erfassungseinrichtungen notwendig.The recording and description of the traffic situation is an essential task in the area the traffic telematics, which has the goal to avoid situations with traffic congestion if possible equalize and avoid by appropriate forward redirection of Road users on less congested roads. It is known for this purpose Stationary detection devices installed on the street (e.g. beacons, induction loops or similar) to use. This is not just a very high cost of creation and maintenance connected to the required infrastructure, but also has the disadvantage that this Depending on the system, only one facility is extremely locally limited Show area of application. For a comprehensive traffic situation recording is therefore the Installation of a huge number of detection devices necessary.
In jüngerer Zeit sind auch Ansätze bekannt geworden (DE 195 21 919), eine Verkehrslageerfassung ohne fest installierte straßenseitige Einrichtungen vorzunehmen, indem aus den Fahrzeugen einer Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte entsprechende Informationen an geeignete Sammelstellen (z.B. Verkehrsleitzentrale) übermittelt werden. Es handelt sich dabei quasi um im Verkehr mitschwimmende Meßstationen ("floating probes"), die relevante Daten (insbesondere die Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit) über eine mobile drahtlose Kommunikationseinrichtung (z.B. ein Funktelefon) an die jeweilige Datensammelstelle zur Weiterverarbeitung und Auswertung übertragen. Das Ergebnis der Auswertung kann dann einer Vielzahl von Verkehrsteilnehmern im Sinne von Verkehrshinweisen und Ausweichempfehlungen übermittelt werden, so daß die Verkehrsteilnehmer verkehrslageabhängig eine möglichst günstige Entscheidung über die zu wählende Fahrtroute treffen können. Die Ergebnisse können auch Eingang finden in automatische Routenplanungs- und Zielführungssysteme.Recently approaches have also become known (DE 195 21 919), one Traffic situation detection without permanently installed roadside facilities, by using the vehicles of a sample vehicle fleet Appropriate information to suitable collection points (e.g. traffic control center) be transmitted. It is practically floating in traffic Measuring stations ("floating probes"), the relevant data (especially the Vehicle speed) via a mobile wireless communication device (e.g. a radio telephone) to the respective data collection point for further processing and Transfer evaluation. The result of the evaluation can then be a variety of Road users in the sense of traffic information and avoidance recommendations are transmitted so that the road users depending on the traffic situation make the most favorable decision possible about the route to be chosen. The Results can also be used in automatic route planning and Route guidance systems.
Ein Problem der "floating probes" liegt darin, daß die fortlaufende Übermittlung der
aktuellen Geschwindigkeit einer Vielzahl von Fahrzeugen eine außerordentlich starke
Belastung für die Übertragungskanäle der Kommunikationseinrichtung darstellt und
darüber hinaus einen bedeutenden Kostenfaktor bei Benutzung eines
gebührenpflichtigen Kommunikationssystems bildet. Dies ist vor dem Hintergrund zu
sehen, daß dabei überwiegend Informationen übermittelt werden, die in Wirklichkeit
keine echten neuen Erkenntnisse liefern. Es wäre daher zweckmäßig, wenn man die
Informationsübertragung zumindest weitgehend auf solche Zeitabschnitte beschränken
könnte, in denen sich kritische Verkehrssituationen bilden, bereits eingestellt haben
oder sich wieder auflösen. Man müßte also die Zeitabschnitte ermitteln können, in
denen sich verkehrstechnisch interessante Veränderungen im Straßenverkehr
einstellen. Dies könnte man, wie das ebenfalls bereits bekannt geworden ist, dadurch
ermöglichen, daß die relevanten Verkehrslageinformationen von Personen in den
"floating probes" (sogenannte Staumelder) bedarfsabhängig abgegeben werden. Das
erfordert aber nicht nur eine entsprechende Bereitschaft bei diesem Personenkreis,
sondern eröffnet auch die Möglichkeit für bewußte oder unbewußte Übermittlung
fehlerhaft eingeschätzter Verkehrslagedaten.
Schließlich ist es noch aus der DE-Siemens Firmenschrift "Automatische
Störfallerkennung auf Autobahnen mit Hilfe der Fuzzy-Logik" (1994,Seite 1-7) bekannt,
Wahrscheinlichkeitsaussagen über Verkehrsströme zu ermitteln.A problem with the "floating probes" is that the continuous transmission of the current speed of a large number of vehicles is an extremely heavy burden on the transmission channels of the communication device and, moreover, constitutes a significant cost factor when using a fee-based communication system. This is to be seen against the background that mainly information is transmitted which in reality does not provide any real new knowledge. It would therefore be useful if the transmission of information could at least be largely restricted to periods of time in which critical traffic situations are forming, have already started or are disappearing. One should therefore be able to determine the time periods in which interesting changes in road traffic appear. This could, as has also already become known, be made possible by the fact that the relevant traffic situation information is given by people in the "floating probes" (so-called congestion detectors) as required. However, this not only requires a corresponding willingness among this group of people, it also opens up the possibility for conscious or unconscious transmission of incorrectly assessed traffic situation data.
Finally, it is known from the DE-Siemens company publication "Automatic Accident Detection on Motorways Using Fuzzy Logic" (1994, page 1-7) to determine probability statements about traffic flows.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zu dessen Durchführung anzugeben, das eine automatische, also personenunabhängige fahrzeugautonome Detektion von Verkehrsstau ermöglicht, so daß in Abhängigkeit davon eine gezielte Übermittlung wirklich bedeutsamer Verkehrsinformationen erfolgen kann.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method and an apparatus for the same Implementation to indicate that an automatic, i.e. person-independent Autonomous detection of traffic congestion enables, so that depending of which there is a targeted transmission of really important traffic information can.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung dieser Aufgabe weist für das Verfahren die
kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 auf. Durch die Merkmale der
Unteransprüche 2 bis 4 ist dieses Verfahren in vorteilhafter Weise weiter
ausgestaltbar. Eine zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens geeignete Vorrichtung ist
durch die Merkmale des Unteranspruchs 5 gekennzeichnet und läßt sich durch die
Merkmale der Unteransprüche 6 bis 7 in zweckmäßiger Weise weiterbilden.The solution to this problem according to the invention has for the method
characterizing features of
Die Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Geschwindigkeit eines Fahrzeugs einer Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte jeweils fortlaufend erfaßt und an eine fahrzeuginterne Klassifiziereinrichtung gegeben wird. Diese Klassifiziereinrichtung hat Zugriff auf Geschwindigkeitsklassen, die in einer Speichereinrichtung für Vorgabewerte ' vorzugsweise straßentypabhängig abgelegt sind. Die Vorgabewerte können fixe Werte oder auch als dynamisch veränderliche Größen abgespeichert sein. Beispielsweise könnte die Vorgabe beim Anschalten des jeweiligen Geräts und der folgenden Initialisierung erfolgen. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Möglichkeit, die Vorgabewerte von einer Zentrale aus je nach Bedarf zu verändern (z.B. mittels Mobilfunk).The invention provides that the speed of a vehicle The sample vehicle fleet is continuously recorded and sent to an internal vehicle Classifier is given. This classifier has access to Speed classes stored in a storage device for default values are preferably stored depending on the type of road. The default values can be fixed values or stored as dynamically variable quantities. For example could be the default when turning on each device and the following Initialization done. The possibility of setting the default values of is particularly advantageous change from a central office as required (e.g. using mobile radio).
Die Klassifiziereinrichtung ordnet jeweils den erfaßten Wert der aktuellen Geschwindigkeit einer dieser Geschwindigkeitsklassen zu. Im einfachsten Fall erfolgt diese Zuordnung zu Geschwindigkeitklassen, die durch fest vorgegebene Grenzwerte festgelegt sind. Vorteilhaft ist jedoch vielfach eine Zuordnung nicht nach starren Grenzen, sondern über einen Fuzzy-Ansatz, also unter Berücksichtigung eines Unschärfebereichs. Zweckmäßigerweise werden mindestens drei Geschwindigkeitsklassen vorgesehen. Außerdem sollte die Festlegung der Grenzen der Geschwindigkeitsklassen in Abhängigkeit vom Straßentyp erfolgen. Während beispielsweise für städtische Straßen eine mehrfache Aufteilung im unteren Geschwindigkeitsbereich sinnvoll ist, sollte beispielsweise bei Autobahnen auch der mittlere und obere Geschwindigkeitsbereich als eigene Klasse berücksichtigt werden. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, beispielsweise langsame Fahrten und Standphasen, die durch hohes Verkehrsaufkommen bedingt sind, zu unterscheiden von einem gleichartigen (normalen) Fahrverhalten vor einer roten Ampel. Nach Zuordnung der jeweils erfaßten Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit zu einer der vorgegebenen Geschwindigkeitsklassen erfolgt als nächster Schritt die Einbeziehung der Klassenzuordnung in einen zeitlichen Integrationsprozeß. Das Ergebnis dieses Integrationsprozesses der Abfolge einzelner klassifizierter Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeiten wird zur Bildung eines kontinuierlichen Maßes für das Ereignis "Stau" (Staumaß) auf eine begrenzte Skala, insbesondere eine Wahrscheinlichkeitsskala, abgebildet.The classifier arranges the recorded value of the current one Speed of one of these speed classes. In the simplest case this assignment to speed classes, which are determined by predetermined limit values are set. In many cases, however, it is advantageous not to stare Limits, but via a fuzzy approach, i.e. taking into account one Blur area. At least three are expediently Speed classes provided. It should also set the limits the speed classes depend on the type of road. While for example, for urban streets a multiple division in the lower Speed range makes sense, should also be the case for motorways middle and upper speed range are considered as a separate class. In this way it is possible, for example, slow driving and standing phases, distinguishable from one due to high traffic Similar (normal) driving behavior in front of a red traffic light. After assigning the each detected vehicle speed to one of the predetermined The next step is to include the speed classes Class assignment in a temporal integration process. The result of this Integration process of the sequence of individual classified vehicle speeds is used to form a continuous measure of the event "traffic jam" (traffic jam measure) a limited scale, especially a probability scale.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine grafische Darstellung von Zugehörigkeitsfunktionen zur Zuordnung von Geschwindigkeiten in drei Geschwindigkeitsklassen und
- Fig. 2
- ein Funktionsschaltbild einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.
- Fig. 1
- a graphical representation of membership functions for the assignment of speeds in three speed classes and
- Fig. 2
- a functional diagram of a device according to the invention.
In Fig. 1 ist an einem Beispiel dargestellt, wie im Rahmen eines Fuzzy-Ansatzes mittels dreier Zugehörigkeitsfunktionen µ Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeiten v unterschiedlicher Größe den drei repräsentativen Geschwindigkeitsklassen "Stau", "gebundener Verkehr" oder "freie Fahrt" zugeordnet werden können. Eine Geschwindigkeit im Bereich von Null bis zum Grenzwert vStau führt zu 100 % zu einer Zuordnung in die Geschwindigkeitsklasse "Stau". Für Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeiten zwischen vStau und einem zweiten Grenzwert Vgebunden erfolgt die Zuordnung mit linear abnehmender Wahrscheinlichkeit zur Geschwindigkeitsklasse "Stau" und mit linear zunehmender Wahrscheinlichkeit zur Geschwindigkeitsklasse "gebundener Verkehr". Jenseits von vgebunden wird bis zu einer Grenzgeschwindigkeit Vfrei mit linear abnehmender Wahrscheinlichkeit eine Zuordnung in die Geschwindigkeitsklasse "gebundener Verkehr" und mit linear zunehmender Wahrscheinlichkeit in die Geschwindigkeitsklasse "freie Fahrt" vorgenommen. Bei Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeiten über Vfrei führt diese Zuordnung zu 100 % zur Geschwindigkeitsklasse "freie Fahrt".1 shows an example of how, in the context of a fuzzy approach using three membership functions, µ vehicle speeds v of different sizes can be assigned to the three representative speed classes "traffic jam", "bound traffic" or "free travel". A speed in the range from zero to the limit value v traffic jam leads 100% to an assignment to the speed class "traffic jam". For vehicle speeds between v traffic jam and a second limit value V bound , the assignment is made with a linearly decreasing probability to the speed class "traffic jam" and with a linear increasing probability to the speed class "bound traffic". Beyond v bound , up to a limit speed V free, an assignment into the speed class "bound traffic" is made with a linearly decreasing probability and with a linearly increasing probability into the speed class "free travel". At vehicle speeds above V free , this assignment leads to 100% of the speed class "free travel".
Das in Fig. 2 dargestellte Funktionsblockbeispiel für eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung
des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens weist die Geschwindigkeitserfassungseinrichtung
1 auf, deren Datenausgang an eine Klassifiziereinrichtung 2 angeschlossen ist, in der
jeweils die fortlaufend gemessenen momentanen Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeiten einer
Geschwindigkeitsklasse zugeordnet werden. Die Vorgabewerte für diese
Geschwindigkeitsklassen kann die Klassifiziereinrichtung 2 aus einer vorzugsweise als
nicht flüchtiger Speicher ausgebildeten Speichereinrichtung 4 für
Geschwindigkeitsklassen entnehmen. Der Datenausgang der Klassifiziereinrichtung 2
ist auf den Dateneingang einer Integrationseinrichtung 3 geschaltet. Das Ergebnis der
Integration gelangt in eine Bewertungseinrichtung 5, die daraus ein für die jeweilige
Verkehrssituation im Bereich des betreffenden Fahrzeugs der
Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte repräsentatives Staumaß liefert, vorzugsweise in Form
eines Wahrscheinlichkeitswertes für das Vorliegen des Ereignisses "Stau". Bei völlig
freier Fahrt wird also der Wert 0 % geliefert. Das Vorliegen dieses Staumaßes
ermöglicht es der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, selbsttätig ohne jedes manuelle
Zutun kritische oder kritisch werdende Verkehrslagen zu erkennen und von sich aus
z.B. eine Kommunikationseinrichtung 6 zu aktivieren, mit deren Hilfe eine
situationsbedingte Übertragung wichtiger Verkehrslageinformationen an eine
entsprechende Sammelstelle erfolgen kann. Sobald eine Situation entsteht, in der eine
weitere Informationsübertragung über die Kommunikationseinrichtung 6 keinen
wesentlichen neuen Erkenntniswert mehr liefert, kann die Kommunikationseinrichtung
wieder deaktiviert werden. Dies kann beispielsweise der Fall sein, wenn sich ein
Fahrzeug für längere Zeit in einem Stau aufhält, also sich das Staumaß praktisch nicht
verändert. Von besonderem Interesse kann es aber sein, den Zeitpunkt zu erkennen,
wann dieses Fahrzeug den Staubereich wieder verläßt. Da dies ebenfalls mit einer
Veränderung des Staumaßes verbunden ist, kann dies zum Anlaß genommen werden,
die Kommunikationseinrichtung 6 automatisch wieder zu aktivieren. Besonders einfach
lassen sich diese Funktionen realisieren, wenn die Klassifiziereinrichtung 2, die
Speichereinrichtung 4, die Integrationseinrichtung 3 und die Bewertungseinrichtung 5
in Form eines fahrzeuginternen elektronischen Rechensystems ausgebildet sind. Um
die an die Datensammelstelle übermittelten Informationen sinnvoll auswerten zu
können, müssen diese gegebenenfalls auch Angaben über die zugehörige
geografische Position des jeweils sendenden Fahrzeugs beinhalten. Hierzu kann die
erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit einer (nicht dargestellten)
Positionsbestimmungseinrichtung (z.B. auf der Basis von Navigationssatelliten)
ausgerüstet sein.The functional block example shown in FIG. 2 for a device for implementation
of the inventive method has the
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ermöglicht auf sehr einfache Weise eine völlig automatische dezentrale, d.h. fahrzeugautonome Bestimmung eines repräsentativen Maßes für die Situation "Verkehrsstau" mit im Bedarfsfall beliebig verfeinerbaren Zwischenabstufungen bis zur Situation "freie Fahrt". Das dazu erforderliche fahrzeuginterne Gerät ist sehr einfach und preiswert aus Standardkomponenten herstellbar. Die Erfindung ermöglicht es, den Umfang der für eine aussagefähige Verkehrslageerfassung erforderlichen Kommunikationsbedarf bei einer Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte auf ein Minimum zu beschränken, da eine fahrzeugautonome automatische Erkennung von Situationen, in denen Verkehrslageinformationen an eine Datensammelstelle übertragen werden sollten, mit ausreichender Zuverlässigkeit möglich ist.The method according to the invention enables a very simple way automatic decentralized, i.e. Autonomous determination of a representative Measure for the "traffic jam" situation with any refinements if necessary Intermediate levels up to the situation "free travel". The necessary In-vehicle device is very simple and inexpensive from standard components producible. The invention enables the scope to be meaningful Traffic situation detection required communication needs at a To limit the sample vehicle fleet to a minimum, as a Autonomous automatic detection of situations in which Traffic situation information should be transmitted to a data collection point with sufficient reliability is possible.
Claims (7)
- Method for the automatic on-board detection of traffic congestion, whereinthe speed of the vehicle is constantly detected in the vehicle,the detected speed values are associated with predetermined speed classes,the associated speed classes form the input quantity of a time integration process andthe result of this integration process is reproduced for forming a degree of congestion on a limited scale, in particular a probability scale.
- Method according to Claim 1,
characterised in that the association with the speed classes is carried out via a fuzzy statement. - Method according to any one of Claims 1 and 2,
characterised in that at least three speed classes are predetermined. - Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 3,
characterised in that the speed classes have different limits for different types of road. - Device for carrying out the method according to Claim 1, with a unit (1) for detecting the vehicle speed,
characterised inthat a storage unit (4) is provided for predetermining speed classes,that a classifying unit (2) is provided for associating the detected vehicle speeds with the stored speed classes in each case,that the output of the classifying unit (2) is connected to the input of an integration unit (3) andthat an evaluation unit (5) is provided whose input is connected to the output of the integration unit (3) and whose output delivers the degree of congestion for detecting traffic congestion. - Device according to Claim 5,
characterised in that the storage unit (4), the classifying unit (2), the integrating unit (3) and the evaluation unit (5) are parts of an electronic computing system which is disposed in the vehicle. - Device according to any one of Claims 5 to 6,
characterised in that a communication unit (6) disposed in the vehicle can be activated and deactivated in accordance with the change in the degree of congestion.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19606258 | 1996-02-06 | ||
| DE19606258A DE19606258C1 (en) | 1996-02-06 | 1996-02-06 | Vehicle autonomous traffic jam detection method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0789341A1 EP0789341A1 (en) | 1997-08-13 |
| EP0789341B1 true EP0789341B1 (en) | 2001-05-09 |
Family
ID=7785891
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97250017A Expired - Lifetime EP0789341B1 (en) | 1996-02-06 | 1997-01-29 | Vehicle on board detection of traffic jam |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6131064A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0789341B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE201109T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19606258C1 (en) |
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| CN105321347A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-02-10 | 西安电子科技大学 | Hierarchical road network traffic jam evaluation method |
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| DE19948416B4 (en) * | 1999-10-07 | 2014-09-04 | Deutsche Telekom Ag | Method and arrangement for determining the traffic condition |
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-
1996
- 1996-02-06 DE DE19606258A patent/DE19606258C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-01-29 DE DE59703486T patent/DE59703486D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-29 EP EP97250017A patent/EP0789341B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-29 AT AT97250017T patent/ATE201109T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-02-04 US US08/794,806 patent/US6131064A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105321347A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-02-10 | 西安电子科技大学 | Hierarchical road network traffic jam evaluation method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59703486D1 (en) | 2001-06-13 |
| US6131064A (en) | 2000-10-10 |
| DE19606258C1 (en) | 1997-04-30 |
| ATE201109T1 (en) | 2001-05-15 |
| EP0789341A1 (en) | 1997-08-13 |
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