EP0789340B1 - Security element for electronic article surveillance - Google Patents
Security element for electronic article surveillance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0789340B1 EP0789340B1 EP97100501A EP97100501A EP0789340B1 EP 0789340 B1 EP0789340 B1 EP 0789340B1 EP 97100501 A EP97100501 A EP 97100501A EP 97100501 A EP97100501 A EP 97100501A EP 0789340 B1 EP0789340 B1 EP 0789340B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hard
- security element
- magnetic material
- barkhausen effect
- semi
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2405—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used
- G08B13/2408—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using ferromagnetic tags
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2428—Tag details
- G08B13/2437—Tag layered structure, processes for making layered tags
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2428—Tag details
- G08B13/2437—Tag layered structure, processes for making layered tags
- G08B13/2442—Tag materials and material properties thereof, e.g. magnetic material details
Definitions
- the invention relates to a securing element for electronic article surveillance, consisting of a Material with high permeability and low coercive force (soft magnetic material), which is created when an outer magnetic alternating field in an interrogation zone characteristic signal which is transmitted by means of a Detector device is recognizable.
- the characteristic signal therefore occurs periodically with the Frequency of the low-frequency field.
- harmonic Detection system only one interrogation field in the kHz range to excite the Use security element, the characteristic signal of the fuse element in turn in time with a low-frequency field, which is the soft magnetic Material between the two saturations drifts, occurs.
- the shape of the characteristic For the purpose of evaluation, the shape of the characteristic Then signal with a predetermined waveform compared. If the two match, this is called unauthorized stay of a secured article in the Interrogation zone interpreted; an alarm shows that Operating theft.
- the hysteresis curves of securing elements which are made of a soft magnetic material have an essentially linear course between the two saturation states.
- securing elements have also become known whose hysteresis curves show a sudden transition between the two saturation states as soon as they are forced to change their direction of saturation by an external magnetic field.
- Materials with a discontinuous transition behavior between the two saturation states are referred to as "materials with a high Barkhausen effect”.
- the properties of these materials and the physical basis of the Barkhausen effect are described in detail in US Pat. No. 4,660,025 or also in EP 0 448 114 A1.
- the cited prior art references refer to how physical special treatment of soft magnetic material can convert it into a material with a high Barkhausen effect.
- the Barkhausen effect can be increased if in the Near the material with the Barkhausen effect soft magnetic material is arranged so that the Couple stray fields of both materials.
- the signal of a appropriately prepared securing element is so strong that it is with relatively small dimensions of used materials reliably in the query zone of a Detection system is detected.
- Draw fuse elements of the type described above is characterized by a characteristic signal that blatant of that in a harmonic detection system discernible signal form deviates. The consequence of this is that an article that acts as a security element soft magnetic material and a material with high Barkhausen effect carries in a harmonious Detection system not recognized as a secured item becomes. Since no alarm is subsequently triggered, the Articles despite electronic security the query zone pass unhindered.
- the invention is based on the object Securing element, which is made of a soft magnetic Material and a material with a high Barkhausen effect composed to modify such that it from a harmonic detection system is recognized.
- the object is achieved in that in addition to soft magnetic material and the material with a high Barkhausen effect - whereby the material with the high Barkhausen effect regarding the soft magnetic material is arranged so that both over their stray fields are coupled - a semi-hard or hard magnetic Material is provided which is the material with the high Barkhausen effect premagnetized.
- a semi-hard or hard magnetic Material is provided which is the material with the high Barkhausen effect premagnetized.
- the Securing element according to the invention is the soft magnetic material and / or the Material with the high Barkhausen effect around one Thin film material is.
- Fuse elements Thin-layer materials are already from EP 0 295 028 B1 known.
- the soft magnetic material and / or Material with the high Barkhausen effect in stripes is / are formed or from a drawn wire exists / exist.
- the semi-hard or hard magnetic material can a thin film material can also be used.
- Alternative designs punch a perforated film, preferably a Ni perforated foil - or a ferrite layer in front.
- the semi-hard or hard magnetic material in individual Sections is arranged. Again it turned out to be Exposed favorably if the sections as quasi third layer on the material with the high Barkhausen effect are positioned, as a result of this optimal interaction of the stray field of the semi-hard or hard magnetic material with the stray field of the material is achieved with the high Barkhausen effect, while the Influencing the stray field of the soft magnetic Material is relatively low.
- 'Individual sections' can in addition to the literal interpretation also mean that the semi-hard or hard magnetic material in selected Areas with low permeability towards the Has preferred axis of the securing element.
- An advantageous embodiment provides that the semi-hard or hard magnetic material a desired Has bias in one direction.
- this is expressed in such a way that the portion of the signal from the material with the Barkhausen effect arises, disappears; the signal itself is due to the premagnetization when excited by a alternating magnetic field in the direction of the positive or the negative timeline shifted.
- the semi-hard or hard magnetic material has selected sections, which are premagnetized in opposite directions, preferably two sections each with opposite magnetization are next to each other. This allows time shifts, as in the design with a bias in one Direction, compensate.
- the detection system is said to have paid for goods properly subsequently of course no longer trigger an alarm.
- the semi-hard or hard magnetic material like this chosen that it in the saturated state characteristic signal of the soft magnetic material and the material with the high Barkhausen effect in the Interrogation zone prevented.
- the Deactivator material so a strong magnetic field exposed to being driven to saturation.
- Fig. 1 shows the hysteresis curves of a soft magnetic Material 1 and a material with a high Barkhausen effect 2, both materials 1, 2 relative to each other in this way are arranged that their stray fields 7 are not together interact. From this illustration it is clearly evident that the hysteresis curve of the soft magnetic material 1 one between the two saturation states has a substantially linear course, during the Transition in the case of material with the high Barkhausen effect 2 erratic and therefore not steady he follows.
- Fig. 2a in addition to the hysteresis curves soft magnetic material 1 and a material with a high Barkhausen effect 2 shows the hysteresis curve 1 + 2, which results when the stray fields 7 of the two Couple materials 1, 2 together.
- the four boxes with the arrows indicate the direction of magnetization of the soft magnetic material 1 and the material with the high Barkhausen effect 2.
- both Saturation states are both soft magnetic Material 1 as well as the material with the high one Barkhausen effect 2 magnetized in one direction. By doing Transition area between the two saturation states first changes the soft magnetic material 1 each Magnetization direction.
- Stray field 7 of the soft magnetic material 1 delays the sudden magnetic reversal of the material with the high Barkhausen effect 2: the hysteresis curve 1 + 2 is partial linear, sometimes it shows a sudden change.
- the made of a soft magnetic material 1 and a material with high Barkhausen effect 2 has the resulting characteristic signal 4 the form shown in Fig. 2b.
- This characteristic signal 4 differs from the characteristic signal 4, which from a soft magnetic material 1 in response to a query field is sent (see Fig. 3c) by a asymmetrical double peak.
- This form of characteristic signal 4 is in a harmonic Detection system not as of an electronic secured article originated recognized.
- the Securing element consists of a soft magnetic Material 1, an overlying material with a high Barkhausen effect 2 and from individual sections a semi-hard or hard magnetic material 6.
- the Portions of the semi-hard or hard magnetic material 6 are pre-magnetized in such a way that in particular the spatial closer stray field 7 of the material with the high Barkhausen effect 2 is affected. Interacting with the stray field 7 of the semi-hard or hard magnetic Material 6 is dimensioned so that the material with the high Barkhausen effect 2 in the alternating magnetic field Query zone makes no signal contributions.
- the hysteresis curve of that shown in Fig. 3a Embodiment of the securing element according to the invention corresponds - as can be seen from FIG. 3b - in essentially the hysteresis curve of a soft magnetic Materials 1.
- the hysteresis curve is around one Amount Hb shifted in the direction of the positive H axis. How already mentioned in the previous place shows that characteristic signal 4 now the desired shape, the with a harmonic detection system detected and as belonging to a secured article is evaluated.
- the semi-hard or hard magnetic material 6 only pre-magnetized in one direction, that shows characteristic signal 4 as well as the associated one Hysteresis curve a shift towards the Time axis or in the direction of the H axis. On the relative The distance between the peaks 5 of the characteristic signal 4 changes but nothing. The shifting effect described above can be avoided if - as can be seen in FIG. 4a - the semi-hard or hard magnetic material 6 des Security element by the same amount in both Directions is magnetized.
- Fig. 4b shows the resulting symmetrical to Coordinate origin hysteresis curve 3 des Securing element according to the invention, which in Fig. 4a is recorded.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Sicherungselement zur elektronischen Artikelsicherung, bestehend aus einem Material hoher Permeabilität und geringer Koerzitivkraft (weichmagnetisches Material), das bei Anlegen eines äußeren magnetischen Wechselfeldes in einer Abfragezone ein charakteristisches Signal aussendet, welches mittels einer Detektoreinrichtung erkennbar ist.The invention relates to a securing element for electronic article surveillance, consisting of a Material with high permeability and low coercive force (soft magnetic material), which is created when an outer magnetic alternating field in an interrogation zone characteristic signal which is transmitted by means of a Detector device is recognizable.
Sicherungselemente der zuvor beschriebenen Art werden vielfach in Warenhäusern eingesetzt. Zur Erzielung einer hohen Detektionsrate werden ausgeklügelte Verfahren eingesetzt, die die Gefahr von Fehlalarmen effektiv herabsetzen. So ist aus der EP 153 286 B bekannt geworden, zusätzlich zu zwei Abfragefeldern mit den Frequenzen f1 und f2 im kHz-Bereich ein Feld mit einer im Hz-Bereich liegenden Frequenz in die Abfragezone zu senden. Die beiden Abfragefelder mit den Frequenzen f1 und f2 regen ein in der Abfragezone befindliches Sicherungselement zur Remission eines charakteristischen Signals mit den Intermodulationsfrequenzen n·f1 ± m·f2 (n, m = 0, 1, 2,...) an. Das niederfrequente Abfragefeld bewirkt, daß das Sicherungselement im Takt dieses Feldes von der Sättigung in eine Richtung zur Sättigung in die andere Richtung getrieben wird. Das charakteristische Signal tritt daher periodisch mit der Frequenz des niederfrequenten Feldes auf. Als alternative Lösung eines sog. harmonischen Detektionssystems ist auch bekannt geworden, lediglich ein im kHz-Bereich liegendes Abfragefeld zur Erregung des Sicherungselementes zu verwenden, wobei das charakteristische Signal des Sicherungselementes wiederum im Takte eines niederfrequenten Feldes, das das weichmagnetische Material zwischen den beiden Sättigungen hinund hertreibt, auftritt.Security elements of the type described above widely used in department stores. To achieve a high detection rate are sophisticated procedures used to effectively reduce the risk of false alarms belittle. It has become known from EP 153 286 B in addition to two query fields with frequencies f1 and f2 in the kHz range a field with one in the Hz range frequency in the query zone. The two Query fields with the frequencies f1 and f2 stimulate in the Interrogation zone securing element for remission a characteristic signal with the intermodulation frequencies nf1 ± mf2 (n, m = 0, 1, 2, ...). The low frequency Query field causes the fuse element in the Clock of this field from saturation in one direction to Saturation is driven in the other direction. The characteristic signal therefore occurs periodically with the Frequency of the low-frequency field. As an alternative solution to a so-called harmonic Detection system has also become known, only one interrogation field in the kHz range to excite the Use security element, the characteristic signal of the fuse element in turn in time with a low-frequency field, which is the soft magnetic Material between the two saturations drifts, occurs.
Zwecks Auswertung wird die Form des charakteristischen Signals anschließend mit einer vorgegebenen Signalform verglichen. Stimmen beide überein, wird dies als unerlaubter Aufenthalt eines gesicherten Artikels in der Abfragezone interpretiert; ein Alarm zeigt dem Bedienpersonal den Diebstahl an.For the purpose of evaluation, the shape of the characteristic Then signal with a predetermined waveform compared. If the two match, this is called unauthorized stay of a secured article in the Interrogation zone interpreted; an alarm shows that Operating theft.
Die Hysteresekurven von Sicherungselementen, die aus einem
weichmagnetischen Material gefertigt sind, weisen zwischen
den beiden Sättigungszuständen einen im wesentlichen
linearen Verlauf auf. Daneben sind auch Sicherungselemente
bekannt geworden, deren Hysteresekurven einen sprunghaften
Übergang zwischen den beiden Sättigungszuständen zeigen,
sobald sie über ein äußeres Magnetfeld zur Änderung ihrer
Sättigungsrichtung gezwungen werden. Materialien mit einem
unstetigen Übergangsverhalten zwischen den beiden
Sättigungszuständen werden als "Materialien mit hohem
Barkhauseneffekt" bezeichnet.
Beispielsweise werden die Eigenschaften dieser Materialien
sowie die physikalischen Grundlagen des Barkhauseneffekts
ausführlich in der US-PS 4,660,025 oder auch in der EP 0
448 114 A1 beschrieben. Insbesondere wird in den zitierten
Schriften des Standes der Technik Bezug darauf genommen,
wie durch physikalische Spezialbehandlung von
weichmagnetischem Material dieses in ein Material mit
einem hohen Barkhauseneffekt überführt werden kann. The hysteresis curves of securing elements which are made of a soft magnetic material have an essentially linear course between the two saturation states. In addition, securing elements have also become known whose hysteresis curves show a sudden transition between the two saturation states as soon as they are forced to change their direction of saturation by an external magnetic field. Materials with a discontinuous transition behavior between the two saturation states are referred to as "materials with a high Barkhausen effect".
For example, the properties of these materials and the physical basis of the Barkhausen effect are described in detail in US Pat. No. 4,660,025 or also in EP 0 448 114 A1. In particular, the cited prior art references refer to how physical special treatment of soft magnetic material can convert it into a material with a high Barkhausen effect.
Weiterhin ist aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt geworden, daß sich der Barkhauseneffekt verstärken läßt, wenn in der Nahe des Materials mit dem Barkhauseneffekt ein weichmagnetisches Material derart angeordnet wird, daß die Streufelder beider Materialien koppeln. Das Signal eines entsprechend präparierten Sicherungselementes ist so stark, daß es bei relativ geringen Dimensionierungen der verwendeten Materialien verläßlich in der Abfragezone eines Detektionssystems erfaßt wird.Furthermore, it has become known from the prior art that the Barkhausen effect can be increased if in the Near the material with the Barkhausen effect soft magnetic material is arranged so that the Couple stray fields of both materials. The signal of a appropriately prepared securing element is so strong that it is with relatively small dimensions of used materials reliably in the query zone of a Detection system is detected.
Sicherungselemente der zuvor beschriebenen Art zeichnen sich jedoch durch ein charakteristisches Signal aus, das eklatant von der in einem harmonischen Detektionssystem erkennbaren Signalform abweicht. Die Folge hiervon ist, daß ein Artikel, der als Sicherungselement ein weichmagnetisches Material und ein Material mit hohem Barkhauseneffekt trägt, in einem harmonischen Detektionssystem nicht als gesicherter Artikel erkannt wird. Da nachfolgend kein Alarm ausgelöst wird, kann der Artikel trotz elektronischer Sicherung die Abfragezone ungehindert passieren.Draw fuse elements of the type described above but is characterized by a characteristic signal that blatant of that in a harmonic detection system discernible signal form deviates. The consequence of this is that an article that acts as a security element soft magnetic material and a material with high Barkhausen effect carries in a harmonious Detection system not recognized as a secured item becomes. Since no alarm is subsequently triggered, the Articles despite electronic security the query zone pass unhindered.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Sicherungselement, das sich aus einem weichmagnetischen Material und einem Material mit hohem Barkhauseneffekt zusammensetzt, derart zu modifizieren, daß es von einem harmonischen Detektionssystem erkannt wird.The invention is based on the object Securing element, which is made of a soft magnetic Material and a material with a high Barkhausen effect composed to modify such that it from a harmonic detection system is recognized.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1
angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved by the characterizing part of
Die Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß zusätzlich zu dem weichmagnetischen Material und dem Material mit einem hohen Barkhauseneffekt - wobei das Material mit dem hohen Barkhauseneffekt bezüglich des weichmagnetischen Materials derart angeordnet ist, daß beide über ihre Streufelder gekoppelt sind - ein halbhart- oder hartmagnetisches Material vorgesehen ist, welches das Material mit dem hohen Barkhauseneffekt vormagnetisiert. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung wird das charakteristische Signal des Materials mit dem hohen Barkhauseneffekt unterdrückt. The object is achieved in that in addition to soft magnetic material and the material with a high Barkhausen effect - whereby the material with the high Barkhausen effect regarding the soft magnetic material is arranged so that both over their stray fields are coupled - a semi-hard or hard magnetic Material is provided which is the material with the high Barkhausen effect premagnetized. Through the solution according to the invention becomes the characteristic signal of the material with the high Barkhausen effect suppressed.
Ein mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungselement versehener Artikel ist daher in der Überwachungszone eines harmonischen Detektionssystems detektierbar. Selbstverständlich ist der Effekt durch entsprechende Entmagnetisierung des halbhart- oder hartmagnetischen Materials wieder umkehrbar, d.h., daß die erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungselemente sowohl für harmonische Detektionssysteme als auch für Detektionssysteme für Sicherungselemente mit Barkhauseneffekt brauchbar sind.One with a fuse element according to the invention provided article is therefore in the surveillance zone harmonic detection system detectable. Of course, the effect is through appropriate Demagnetization of the semi-hard or hard magnetic Material reversible again, i.e. that the invention Security elements for both harmonic detection systems as well as for detection systems for security elements Barkhausen effect are useful.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungselementes ist vorgesehen, daß es sich bei dem weichmagnetischen Material und/oder bei dem Material mit dem hohen Barkhauseneffekt um ein Dünnschichtmaterial handelt. Sicherungselemente aus Dünnschichtmaterialien sind bereits aus der EP 0 295 028 B1 bekannt geworden. Selbstverständlich ist es ebenfalls möglich, daß das weichmagnetische Material und/oder das Material mit dem hohen Barkhauseneffekt streifenförmig ausgebildet ist/sind oder aus einem gezogenen Draht besteht/bestehen.According to an advantageous development of the Securing element according to the invention is provided that it is the soft magnetic material and / or the Material with the high Barkhausen effect around one Thin film material is. Fuse elements Thin-layer materials are already from EP 0 295 028 B1 known. Of course it is too possible that the soft magnetic material and / or Material with the high Barkhausen effect in stripes is / are formed or from a drawn wire exists / exist.
Bei dem halbhart- oder hartmagnetischen Material kann ebenfalls ein Dünnschichtmaterial verwendet werden. Alternative Ausgestaltungen schlagen eine Lochfolie, vorzugsweise eine Ni-Lochfolie - oder eine Ferritschicht vor.The semi-hard or hard magnetic material can a thin film material can also be used. Alternative designs punch a perforated film, preferably a Ni perforated foil - or a ferrite layer in front.
Besonders günstig ist es, wenn die Anordnung von weichmagnetischem Material und Material mit hohem Barkhauseneffekt so gewählt ist, daß beide zumindest teilweise überlappen. Durch diese Ausführungsform wird auf eine einfache und kostengünstige Weise eine ausreichend starke Wechselwirkung zwischen den Streufeldern der beiden Materialien sichergestellt.It is particularly favorable if the arrangement of soft magnetic material and material with high Barkhausen effect is chosen so that both at least partially overlap. This embodiment is based on a simple and inexpensive way a sufficient strong interaction between the stray fields of the two Materials ensured.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungselementes ist vorgesehen, daß das halbhart- oder hartmagnetische Material in einzelnen Abschnitten angeordnet ist. Wiederum hat es sich als günstig herausgestellt, wenn die Abschnitte als quasi dritte Schicht auf dem Material mit dem hohen Barkhauseneffekt positioniert sind, da hierdurch eine optimale Wechselwirkung des Streufeldes des halbhart- oder hartmagnetischen Materials mit dem Streufeld des Materials mit dem hohen Barkhauseneffekt erzielt wird, während die Beeinflussung des Streufeldes des weichmagnetischen Materials relativ gering ist. 'Einzelne Abschnitte' kann neben der wörtlichen Auslegung auch bedeuten, daß das halbhart- oder hartmagnetische Material in ausgewählten Bereichen eine geringe Permeabiliät in Richtung der Vorzugsachse des Sicherungselementes aufweist.According to an advantageous development of the Securing element according to the invention is provided that the semi-hard or hard magnetic material in individual Sections is arranged. Again it turned out to be Exposed favorably if the sections as quasi third layer on the material with the high Barkhausen effect are positioned, as a result of this optimal interaction of the stray field of the semi-hard or hard magnetic material with the stray field of the material is achieved with the high Barkhausen effect, while the Influencing the stray field of the soft magnetic Material is relatively low. 'Individual sections' can in addition to the literal interpretation also mean that the semi-hard or hard magnetic material in selected Areas with low permeability towards the Has preferred axis of the securing element.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung sieht vor, daß das halbhart- oder hartmagnetische Material eine gewünschte Vormagnetisierung in eine Richtung aufweist. In der Form des charakteristischen Signals drückt sich dies so aus, daß der Signalanteil, der von dem Material mit dem Barkhauseneffekt herrührt, verschwindet; das Signal selbst wird durch die Vormagnetisierung bei Anregung durch ein magnetisches Wechselfeld in Richtung der positiven oder der negativen Zeitachse verschoben.An advantageous embodiment provides that the semi-hard or hard magnetic material a desired Has bias in one direction. In the shape of the characteristic signal, this is expressed in such a way that the portion of the signal from the material with the Barkhausen effect arises, disappears; the signal itself is due to the premagnetization when excited by a alternating magnetic field in the direction of the positive or the negative timeline shifted.
Um diese zeitliche Verschiebung des Auftretens des charakteristischen Signals zu unterbinden, hat es sich als besonders günstig erwiesen, daß das halbhart- oder hartmagnetische Material ausgewählte Abschnitte aufweist, die in entgegengesetzte Richtungen vormagnetisiert sind, wobei vorzugsweise jeweils zwei Abschnitte mit entgegengesetzter Magnetisierung nebeneinander liegen. Hierdurch lassen sich zeitliche Verschiebungen, wie sie bei der Ausgestaltung mit einer Vormagnetisierung in einer Richtung auftreten, kompensieren.To this time shift of the occurrence of the to prevent characteristic signal, it has proven to be proved particularly favorable that the semi-hard or hard magnetic material has selected sections, which are premagnetized in opposite directions, preferably two sections each with opposite magnetization are next to each other. This allows time shifts, as in the design with a bias in one Direction, compensate.
Sobald ein Kunde die mit einem Sicherungselement versehene Ware ordnungsgemäß bezahlt hat, soll das Detektionssystem nachfolgend natürlich keinen Alarm mehr auslösen. Hierzu ist das halbhart- oder hartmagnetische Material derart gewählt, daß es im gesättigten Zustand das charakteristische Signal des weichmagnetischen Materials und des Materials mit dem hohen Barkhauseneffekt in der Abfragezone unterbindet. Um dies zu erzielen, muß das Deaktivatormaterial also einem so starken Magnetfeld ausgesetzt werden, daß es in die Sättigung getrieben wird. Durch die Deaktivierung wird das charakteristische Signal aus dem betrachteten Zeitbereich herausbewegt und kann nachfolgend von dem Detektionssystem nicht mehr registriert werden.As soon as a customer receives the security element The detection system is said to have paid for goods properly subsequently of course no longer trigger an alarm. For this is the semi-hard or hard magnetic material like this chosen that it in the saturated state characteristic signal of the soft magnetic material and the material with the high Barkhausen effect in the Interrogation zone prevented. To achieve this, the Deactivator material so a strong magnetic field exposed to being driven to saturation. By deactivating the characteristic signal moved out of the time range under consideration and can subsequently no longer registered by the detection system become.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der nachfolgenden Figuren näher
erläutert. Es zeigt:
Fig. 1 zeigt die Hysteresekurven eines weichmagnetischen
Materials 1 und eines Materials mit hohem Barkhauseneffekt
2, wobei beide Materialien 1, 2 relativ zueinander derart
angeordnet sind, daß ihre Streufelder 7 nicht miteinander
in Wechselwirkung stehen. Aus dieser Darstellung ist klar ersichtlich,
daß die Hysteresekurve des weichmagnetischen Materials 1
zwischen den beiden Sättigungszuständen einen im
wesentlichen linearen Verlauf aufweist, während der
Übergang im Falle des Materials mit dem hohen
Barkhauseneffekt 2 sprunghaft und damit nicht stetig
erfolgt.Fig. 1 shows the hysteresis curves of a soft
In Fig. 2a ist neben den Hysteresekurven eines
weichmagnetischen Materials 1 und eines Materials mit einem
hohen Barkhauseneffekt 2 die Hysteresekurve 1 + 2 dargestellt,
die sich ergibt, wenn die Streufelder 7 der beiden
Materialien 1, 2 miteinander koppeln. Die vier Kästchen mit
den Pfeilen deuten jeweils die Magnetisierungsrichtung des
weichmagnetischen Materials 1 und des Materials mit dem
hohen Barkhauseneffekt 2 an. In den beiden
Sättigungszuständen sind sowohl das weichmagnetische
Material 1 als auch das Material mit dem hohen
Barkhauseneffekt 2 in eine Richtung magnetisiert. In dem
Übergangsbereich zwischen den beiden Sättigungszuständen
ändert jeweils zuerst das weichmagnetische Material 1 seine
Magnetisierungsrichtung. Das mit dem Streufeld 7 des
Materials mit dem hohen Barkhauseneffekt 2 in Wechselwirkung stehende
Streufeld 7 des weichmagnetischen Materials 1 verzögert die
sprunghafte Ummagnetisierung des Materials mit dem hohen
Barkhauseneffekt 2: die Hysteresekurve 1 + 2 ist teilweise
linear, teilweise zeigt sie eine sprunghaften Änderung. In Fig. 2a, in addition to the hysteresis curves
soft
Als Folge der teils stetig linearen, teils sprunghaft sich
ändernden Hysteresekurve 1 + 2 des Sicherungselementes, das
aus einem weichmagnetischen Material 1 und einem Material
mit hohem Barkhauseneffekt 2 besteht, hat das resultierende
charakteristische Signal 4 die in Fig. 2b gezeigt Form.
Dieses charakteristische Signal 4 unterscheidet sich von
dem charakteristischen Signal 4, das von einem
weichmagnetischen Material 1 auf ein Abfragefeld hin
ausgesendet wird (siehe Fig. 3c), durch einen
asymmetrischen Doppelpeak. Diese Form des
charakteristischen Signals 4 wird in einem harmonischen
Detektionssystem nicht als von einem elektronisch
gesicherten Artikel herrührend erkannt.As a result of the partly steadily linear, partly erratic
changing
In Fig. 3a ist eine erste Ausführungsform des
erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungselementes zu sehen. Das
Sicherungselement besteht aus einem weichmagnetischen
Material 1, einem darüber angeordneten Material mit einem
hohen Barkhauseneffekt 2 und aus einzelnen Abschnitten
eines halbhart- oder hartmagnetischen Materials 6. Die
Abschnitte des halbhart- oder hartmagnetischen Materials 6
sind derart vormagnetisiert, daß insbesondere das räumlich
näher liegende Streufeld 7 des Materials mit dem hohen
Barkhauseneffekt 2 beeinflußt wird. Die Wechselwirkung mit
dem Streufeld 7 des halbhart- oder hartmagnetischen
Materials 6 ist so bemessen, daß das Material mit dem hohen
Barkhauseneffekt 2 in dem magnetischen Wechselfeld der
Abfragezone keine Signalbeiträge leistet.3a is a first embodiment of the
Security element according to the invention to see. The
Securing element consists of a soft
Die Hysteresekurve der in Fig. 3a gezeigten
Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungselementes
entspricht - wie aus der Fig. 3b ersichtlich - im
wesentlichen der Hysteresekurve eines weichmagnetischen
Materials 1. Allerdings ist die Hysteresekurve um einen
Betrag Hb in Richtung der positiven H-Achse verschoben. Wie
bereits an vorhergehender Stelle erwähnt, zeigt das
charakteristische Signal 4 nunmehr die gewünschte Form, die
von einem harmonischen Detektionssystem problemlos
detektiert und als zu einem gesicherten Artikel zugehörend
ausgewertet wird.The hysteresis curve of that shown in Fig. 3a
Embodiment of the securing element according to the invention
corresponds - as can be seen from FIG. 3b - in
essentially the hysteresis curve of a soft
Wird das halbhart- oder hartmagnetische Material 6
lediglich in einer Richtung vormagnetisiert, so zeigt das
charakteristische Signal 4 ebenso wie die dazugehörige
Hysteresekurve eine Verschiebung in Richtung der
Zeitachse bzw. in Richtung der H-Achse. An dem relativen
Abstand der Peaks 5 des charakteristischen Signals 4 ändert
sich jedoch nichts. Der zuvor beschriebene Verschiebeeffekt
läßt sich vermeiden, wenn - wie in Fig. 4a zu sehen - das
halbhart- oder hartmagnetische Material 6 des
Sicherungselementes um den gleichen Betrag in beide
Richtungen vormagnetisiert wird.If the semi-hard or hard
Fig. 4b zeigt die resultierende, symmetrisch zum
Koordinatenursprung verlaufende Hysteresekurve 3 des
erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungselementes, das in Fig. 4a
aufgezeichnet ist. Fig. 4b shows the resulting symmetrical to
Coordinate
- 11
- weichmagnetisches Materialsoft magnetic material
- 22nd
- Material mit hohem BarkhauseneffektMaterial with a high Barkhausen effect
- 33rd
- HysteresekurveHysteresis curve
- 44th
- charakteristisches Signalcharacteristic signal
- 55
- PeakPeak
- 66
- halbhart- oder hartmagnetisches Materialsemi-hard or hard magnetic material
- 77
- StreufeldStray field
- HH
- magnetische Feldstärkemagnetic field strength
- BB
- magnetische Induktionmagnetic induction
- VMVM
- VormagnetisierungPremagnetization
Claims (10)
- A security element for electronic article surveillance, comprising a material of high permeability and low coercivity (1) which, on application of an external alternating magnetic field, emits a characteristic signal (4) in an interrogation zone, said signal being detectable by means of a detecting device,
characterized in that provision is made for a material with a high Barkhausen effect (2) which is arranged relative to the material of high permeability and low coercivity (1) in such manner that both materials are coupled via their stray fields (7), and
that provision is made for a semi-hard or hard-magnetic material (6) which is in a position to bias the material with the high Barkhausen effect (2). - The security element as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that said material of high permeability and low coercivity (1) and/or said material with the high Barkhausen effect (2) are thin-film materials. - The security element as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that said semi-hard or hard-magnetic material is a thin-film material, a perforated film or a ferrite layer. - The security element as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that said material of high permeability and low coercivity (1) and/or said material with the high Barkhausen effect (2) are strip or a drawn wire materials. - The security element as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3,
characterized in that said material of high permeability and low coercivity (1) and said material with the high Barkhausen effect (2) are arranged to overlap at least in part. - The security element as claimed in claim 1 or 4,
characterized in that said semi-hard or hard-magnetic material (6) is arranged in individual sections. - The security element as claimed in claim 1 or 6,
characterized in that said semi-hard or hard-magnetic material (6) is arranged relative to said two other materials (1, 2) in such manner that its stray field interacts preferably with the stray field of the material with the high Barkhausen effect (2). - The security element as claimed in claim 1 or 6,
characterized in that said semi-hard or hard-magnetic material (6) has a desired bias (VM) in one direction. - The security element as claimed in claim 1 or 6,
characterized in that said semi-hard or hard-magnetic material (6) includes selected sections biased in opposing directions, with preferably each two sections of opposite bias (VM) lying adjacent to each other. - The security element as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that said semi-hard or hard-magnetic material (6) is of such nature that in saturated condition it suppresses both the characteristic signal (4) of said material of high permeability and low coercivity (1) and said material with the high Barkhausen effect (2) in the interrogation zone.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19604746 | 1996-02-09 | ||
| DE19604746A DE19604746A1 (en) | 1996-02-09 | 1996-02-09 | Securing element for electronic article surveillance |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0789340A1 EP0789340A1 (en) | 1997-08-13 |
| EP0789340B1 true EP0789340B1 (en) | 2001-07-25 |
Family
ID=7784965
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97100501A Expired - Lifetime EP0789340B1 (en) | 1996-02-09 | 1997-01-15 | Security element for electronic article surveillance |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0789340B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19604746A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2160857T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19730694A1 (en) * | 1997-07-17 | 1999-01-21 | Meto International Gmbh | Security element for electronic item alarm |
| DE19737342A1 (en) * | 1997-08-27 | 1999-03-04 | Meto International Gmbh | Identification element and method for producing an identification element |
| DE19740442A1 (en) * | 1997-09-15 | 1999-03-18 | Meto International Gmbh | Security element for item monitoring |
| DE19815583A1 (en) | 1998-04-08 | 1999-10-14 | Meto International Gmbh | Element for electronic article surveillance or for sensor technology |
| DE19857583A1 (en) * | 1998-12-14 | 2000-06-15 | Meto International Gmbh | Security element for electronic articles has dielectric layer at least as thick in critical region, where bounding edge of lower/upper track overlaps other track, as in rest of overlap region |
| DE19858064A1 (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 2000-06-21 | Meto International Gmbh | Securing element for electronic article surveillance |
| DE60008436T2 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2004-07-15 | Rso Corporation N.V. | MARKER FOR REMOTELY DETECTING ITEMS |
| WO2003054825A2 (en) | 2001-12-10 | 2003-07-03 | Innovision Research & Technology Plc | Detectable components and detection apparatus for detecting such components |
| DE102012204660B4 (en) | 2012-03-22 | 2018-02-08 | Universität Kassel | Magnetic authenticity feature |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0123586B1 (en) | 1983-03-25 | 1988-06-01 | FAIRCHILD CAMERA & INSTRUMENT CORPORATION | Tri-state driver circuit for automatic test equipment |
| AU567604B2 (en) * | 1984-02-15 | 1987-11-26 | Esselte Meto International Gmbh | Method and system for detecting an indicating device |
| US4660025A (en) * | 1984-11-26 | 1987-04-21 | Sensormatic Electronics Corporation | Article surveillance magnetic marker having an hysteresis loop with large Barkhausen discontinuities |
| US4980670A (en) * | 1987-11-04 | 1990-12-25 | Sensormatic Electronics Corporation | Deactivatable E.A.S. marker having a step change in magnetic flux |
| GB8818849D0 (en) * | 1988-08-09 | 1988-09-14 | Emi Plc Thorn | Electromagnetic identification system |
| DE4007701A1 (en) * | 1990-03-10 | 1991-09-12 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh | DISABLABLE THEFT PROTECTION STRIP |
| JPH04218905A (en) | 1990-03-23 | 1992-08-10 | Unitika Ltd | Thin film like magnetic material and its manufacture |
| US5083112A (en) * | 1990-06-01 | 1992-01-21 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Multi-layer thin-film eas marker |
| US5313192A (en) * | 1992-07-02 | 1994-05-17 | Sensormatic Electronics Corp. | Deactivatable/reactivatable magnetic marker having a step change in magnetic flux |
-
1996
- 1996-02-09 DE DE19604746A patent/DE19604746A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-01-15 DE DE59704093T patent/DE59704093D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-15 EP EP97100501A patent/EP0789340B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-15 ES ES97100501T patent/ES2160857T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0789340A1 (en) | 1997-08-13 |
| DE59704093D1 (en) | 2001-08-30 |
| ES2160857T3 (en) | 2001-11-16 |
| DE19604746A1 (en) | 1997-08-14 |
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