EP0764752B1 - Device for closing the wing of a window, door or similar - Google Patents

Abstract

A mechanism for controlling the closing action of a door or window operates in conjunction with an arm attached at one end to the door and having its opposite end bored to receive the pivotpin of a sliding block (21c) travelling in the fixed guide rails (4) mounted horizontally above the door (not shown). The closing control assembly (9) comprises a pivoted (43a) clamping arm (43) whose opposite end positioning is subject to a piezo actuator (6) energised from a source (7) via the leads (7b). The dimensions of the piezo-actuator are dependent on the applied voltage and the motion of the block (21c) is thereby regulated by the frictional contact of the clamping arm (43) to result in braking, damping or locking action.

Description

The invention relates to a device for locking and / or braking a wing of a door or a window, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Devices for detecting door wings are known in which a pivotable between the door and the frame pivoting arm is used, which is guided in a slide, in which a locking device is arranged, which cooperates with the sliding arm. In the various known versions, differences are mainly due to the applied locking principle. There are purely mechanical solutions and on the other hand combination solutions of mechanical and electromagnetic elements. Particularly in the case of double-leaf doors, embodiments are used which regulate the closing sequence of the two door leaves by controlling the gangway-side locking device by means of a stop-wing-side triggering mechanism.

Examples of purely mechanical solutions are, for example, DE 40 27 532 C1 or DE 36 04 091 A1.

In DE 40 27 532 C1, a sliding body, with which the shutter arm is guided in the rail, guided on a rotatably mounted from outside, non-circular rod. Upon rotation of the rod, a radially slidable blocking element accommodated in the sliding body is moved against the rail wall or a locking element and thereby fixed. A disadvantage for the assembly and maintenance proves in this known construction, the high number of movable mechanical elements. In addition, reliability problems can arise.

The same disadvantages also occur in a structure described in DE 36 04 091 A1 for controlling the closing sequence of two-leaf doors. In this device, the sliding body of the active leaf is fixed with a longitudinally displaceably mounted rod connected, which is guided by a mechanical clamping device. This clamping device consists of a bar enclosing the clamping plate, which is supported on the one hand on an abutment to be operated from the inactive leaf and on the other hand on a spring-loaded overload member. When the abutment is not actuated, the rod is fixed by the tension of the clamping plate.

As an example of a combination solution of mechanical and electromagnetic components according to the preamble of claim 1, EP 0 321 649 B1 can be mentioned.

In this device, the determination is made via a projecting into the path of movement of the slider detent. This locking lug is mounted in one of two electromagnets, movable armature plate, which is detected when energizing the magnets, thereby preventing retraction of the locking lug. In addition to the technically complex construction proves to be a disadvantage that in each case only at the location of the detent a statement is possible.

These locking devices are often part of mechanical door closers, z. B. hydraulically damped door closers, as described in the above cited document.

Furthermore, hydraulic door drives with piston-cylinder device are known, which allow a hydraulic detection of the door.

Such drives with piston-cylinder device are known, for. B. as electro-hydraulic door drives for motorized opening of the door via a hydraulic pump and closing via a closing spring (DE 32 02 966 A1) or as a hydraulic door closer, in which the door is opened manually and hydraulically damped by the closing spring is closed (DE 25 35 244 A1, DE 36 38 353 A1). These known hydraulic systems each have a piston-cylinder unit with hydraulic circuit. To adjust the opening or closing speed regulating valves are provided in overflow. The regulating valves are manually adjustable to adjust the flow velocity and thus the opening and closing speed.

Electrically switchable valves in the overflow of such drives are known as electromagnetic check valves to determine the door in an open position or to set a certain hold time. The solenoid valves used are very large and require a lot of electrical energy.

The object of the invention is to provide a device for detecting and / or braking a wing of a door or a window, which has a small size. The aim is also high reliability and reduced susceptibility to interference.

The invention solves this problem with the subject matter of claim 1. Used as piezo elements trained actuators for detecting, braking or damping of the wing. These actuators generate the low-power electrical supply for blocking, d. H. for detecting, braking, damping, required travel and actuating forces. In this case, the complex mechanical transmission elements hitherto required in the blocking device can be dispensed with, since piezoelectric elements can be applied directly at the detection location.

In one embodiment of such a locking device, which can also be used as a damping device, a connected to the shutter arm, annular sliding body is designed as a piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element is guided on a guide rod received axially in the rail. When electrically charged, the piezoelectric element undergoes a cross-sectional constriction, whereby it is fixed on the guide rod.

Figur 1

eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung einer einflügeligen Tür mit einem obenliegenden Türschließer;

Figur 2

eine vereinfachte Darstellung der Funktionsweise eines Neuen Aktors am Beispiel eines Piezoelements;

Figur 3

einen Ausschnitt in Figur 1 mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Prinzipskizze der Schiene und der Feststellvorrichtung im Längsschnitt, wobei der Gleitkörper als Piezoelement ausgeführt ist;

Figur 4

einen Schnitt entlang Linie IV-IV in Figur 3 in vergrößerter Darstellung;

Figur 5

eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung einer zweiflügeligen Tür mit obenliegenden Türschließern;

In the following, several application examples of the invention will be explained with reference to figures. Showing:

FIG. 1

a schematic perspective view of a single-leaf door with an overhead door closer;

FIG. 2

a simplified representation of the operation of a new actuator on the example of a piezoelectric element;

FIG. 3

a section in Figure 1 with a schematic diagram according to the invention of the rail and the locking device in longitudinal section, wherein the sliding body is designed as a piezoelectric element;

FIG. 4

a section along line IV-IV in Figure 3 in an enlarged view;

FIG. 5

a schematic perspective view of a two-leaf door with overhead door closers;

To illustrate the field of application of the invention, a single-leaf door 1 with an overhead door closer 21 is shown in FIG. The door 2 is hinged at its right vertical edge in the drawing via two bands 2a on the right vertical spar of the door frame 5. The closer shaft 21a of the door closer 21 attached to the door leaf 2 is connected to a sliding arm 21b to be designated as a slaving arm 21b. The shutter arm 21 b is slidably guided in a mounted on the upper horizontal bar of the door frame 5 slide rail 4 by the arm 21 b with a hinged at its free end slider 21 c (FIG. 3), which may also be designed as a roll in the rail 4 engages through a guide slot 41 from below.

Of course, the application examples according to the invention listed below are not necessarily bound to this common design of a door closer 21 shown.

To further illustrate the following explanations, a so-called new actuator in the form of a piezoelectric element 6 is shown in FIG. This simple piezoelectric element 6 of cuboidal shape with the thickness d and the length I has two opposing electrodes 6a, which are connected via connecting lines 7b to the two poles 7a of a controllable voltage source 7. If a voltage and thus also an electric field are applied across the two electrodes 6a, then the piezoelement 6 reacts with a change in length I 'which is related to the height and the polarity of the voltage.

The new shape of the piezoelectric element 6 is outlined in the figure with dashed lines and designated by the figure number 6 '. Since the volume of the body thereby remains almost constant, the piezoelectric element 6 responds to each longitudinal extension in addition to a transverse shortening, which is not shown in the figure. If the change in length of the piezoelectric element 6 is prevented by external conditions, then a force effect is evident which is directed counter to the cause of the prevention. In practice, both the longitudinal extension and the transversal shortening can each be used in conjunction with the corresponding force effect.

To enhance the effects mentioned piezoelectric elements 6 are often made in stacked construction. In principle, however, elements can be produced in any desired form.

FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section of the rail 4 in FIG. 1 with the schematic sketch of an actuator-controlled locking device 9 according to the invention. Shown is the closer arm 21 b with an annular sliding body 21 c articulated at its end. Via an opening 41 of the slider 21c engages from below into the rail 4 and is threaded onto a received in the rail 4, axially extending between the end faces guide rod 42. For the purpose of determining the annular sliding body 21 c is designed as a piezoelectric element 6.

To the power supply, a controllable voltage source 7 is provided, which is preferably arranged on one of the end sides of the rail 4. The voltage source 7 is connected via connecting lines 7b to the two electrodes 6a of the piezoelectric element 6. Not shown is the control of the voltage source 7, which can be done both manually and via a in the rail 4 or otherwise arranged contact switch. Without limitation of the functionality is just as conceivable to arrange the power supply 7 separately or shared for several door closers.

Instead of the connecting lines 7b, a contact rail may be arranged in the rail 4, which cooperates with sliding contacts on the slider 21 c.

In the enlarged view of Figure 4 it can be seen that the piezoelectric element 6, the guide rod 42 without force surrounds and slides on her in the dead state normal. The ring cross section of the piezoelectric element 6 narrows when applied voltage. By radially arranged arrows, the deformation direction of the piezoelectric element 6 is shown in FIG. The guided through the ring rod 42 limits this restriction naturally limits. The stronger the voltage-dependent constriction, the greater the force effect between the piezoelectric element 6 formed as a sliding body and the guide rod 42. By this force action, an axial movement of the piezoelectric element 6 is decelerated or prevented, whereby inevitably also the door leaf 2 connected via the closer arm 21 (FIG. Fig. 1) is braked or determined. By switching off or reducing the voltage, the annular surface of the piezoelectric element 6 expands again, and the door 2 is released. By appropriate variation of the electrical control 7, the locking device 9 can also be used as a damping device.

In reversal of the above principle, the piezoelectric element 6 can also be designed so that it firmly surrounds the guide rod 42 in the de-energized state (ie is determined) and upon application of a voltage widening of the annular surface experiences (ie axially on the guide rod 42 is movable).

As a further modification, it is possible that the slider 21 c only partially consists of one or several piezo elements. Also, changes in the cross-sectional configuration of the guide rod 42 and piezoelectric element 6 are conceivable as long as the leadership of the piezoelectric element 6 is ensured on the rod 42.

Also inverse arrangements in which the piezoelectric element 6 is not guided on, but within an axial guide receptacle and at least partially enclosed by it is possible. In this case, the force occurs at an enlargement of the piezoelectric cross section. In the simplest case, the rail 4 also represents the guide receptacle.

Further modifications are possible in which now the piezoelectric element 6 is integrated in or on the guide rod 42 and the slider 21c as a conventional body z. B. made of metal, plastic or the like.

Applications of the invention are also given in a double-leaf door shown in Figure 6. Again, however, that the application is not limited to the illustrated common arrangement. The illustrated door 1 has two stop door wings 2, 3. The right wing 2 in FIG. 1 is articulated on its right vertical edge via two bands 2 a on the right vertical spar of the door frame 5. In a corresponding manner, the left wing 3 is articulated on its left edge via two bands 3a on the left frame member.

The right wing 2 has a stop web 2b, to which the overturning fold web 3b of the left wing 3 applies in the closed state of the door. This requires that for closing the door 1 in each case first the right wing 2 - the so-called passive leaf - and then the left wing 3 - the so-called active leaf - comes into the closed position. Of course, in other embodiments, the left wing as a passive leaf and the right wing can be designed as a moving leaf.

Claims (5)

1. Device for fixing and/or braking a wing (2, 3) of a door or a window, with a sliding arm (21b, 31b) which is arranged between the wing (2, 3) and a frame (5) of the door or of the window and, at its one end, is guided displaceably in a sl iding rail (4) arranged on the frame (5) or on the wing (2, 3) and, at its other end, is mounted rotatably in a bearing supported on the wing (2, 3) or on the frame (5), characterized in that the device has an actuator which is designed as a piezoelement (6) which, upon an electrical activation (7), undergoes a change in shape and blocks the movement of the wing (2, 3), and in that the sliding arm (21b, 31b) interacts with the actuator (6), and the actuator (6) forms the sliding body (21c) in the sliding rail (4), or the sliding body (21c) is composed in some sections from one or more piezoelements (6), or a piezoelement is integrated in or on a guide rod (42), the guide rod (42) being connectable frictionally to the sliding body (21c) via the piezoelement (6) on account of its electrically induced change in shape.
2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the actuator (6) is arranged in the sliding rail (4).
3. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the actuator (6), composed of a plurality of actuators, is constructed in stack design.
4. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the power supply (7) of the actuator (6) is designed as a battery, is integrated in the sliding rail (4) or is arranged in the region of the sliding rail (4).
5. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is designed as a device for controlling the closing sequence of a two-wing door with a fixed wing fitted at the bottom and a moving wing fitted over it, and, in the fitted state, the moving wing (3) of the two -wing door (1) is fixed or braked by the device, so that the moving wing (3) only passes into the closed position when the fixed wing (2) is in the closed position, the device for fixing or braking the moving wing (3) being controlled by the fixed wing (2).

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