EP0753595A2 - Pipes for manufacturing stabilisers and manufacturing stabilisers therefrom - Google Patents

Pipes for manufacturing stabilisers and manufacturing stabilisers therefrom Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0753595A2
EP0753595A2 EP96109631A EP96109631A EP0753595A2 EP 0753595 A2 EP0753595 A2 EP 0753595A2 EP 96109631 A EP96109631 A EP 96109631A EP 96109631 A EP96109631 A EP 96109631A EP 0753595 A2 EP0753595 A2 EP 0753595A2
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Prior art keywords
stabilizers
pipes
stabilisers
tubes
max
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EP96109631A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0753595B1 (en
EP0753595A3 (en
Inventor
Norbert Dipl.-Ing Bergs
Stefan Dipl.-Ing Dr.Klatzer
Dieter Dipl.-Ing Dr.Töpker
Gerhard Dipl.-Ing Beer
Gert Dr. Rer.Nat.Habil. Vaubel
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Benteler Deustchland GmbH
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Benteler Deustchland GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/02—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for springs
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of a steel alloy for pipes for the manufacture of stabilizers for motor vehicles, a stabilizer made of such a steel alloy and a method for the manufacture of stabilizers.
  • Stabilizers are components that are used in automotive engineering to reduce the curvature of the body and to influence the self-steering behavior, e.g. to reduce oversteer. They stiffen the suspension when one-sided loading occurs, for example when driving over unilateral obstacles.
  • Stabilizers are usually designed as torsion bars, which are mounted transversely to the direction of travel in the main vehicle part and act on the wheel suspensions via U-shaped legs. For stabilization you do that Use the material's resistance to twisting.
  • the ends of the stabilizer are rigidly connected to one side of the axle and act as a lever arm. If the vehicle body is tilted to the side when cornering due to the centrifugal force, the inside wheel bends more than the outside wheel. As a result, the stabilizer is twisted and counteracts the side tilt due to its spring force.
  • Stabilizers of the usual type have so far been predominantly made from solid bars. They are available in straight and curved versions.
  • WO 93/18189 describes the manufacture of vibrating bars or torsion stabilizers from high-strength steels.
  • steels with an oriented course of the microstructure are used. The forming takes place either warm below the recrystallization temperature or cold below a temperature of 149 ° C.
  • the steels described there have a yield strength R e of at least 620 N / mm 2 and a tensile strength R m of at least 827 N / mm 2 . They have a carbon content of 0.3% to 1%, manganese from 2.0% to 2.5% and up to 0.35% vanadium.
  • the bars used to manufacture the stabilizers are hot rolled or cold drawn.
  • the surface quality of the outer and inner surface of the pipes used is of the utmost importance in order to achieve high fatigue strength.
  • Longitudinally welded tubes made from rolled steel strip have the best surface quality. This avoids the errors that occur with seamlessly drawn pipes, such as wrinkles, etc.
  • the steels used so far for tubes for the production of stabilizers have a high carbon content and in some cases their toughness is too low.
  • the low toughness of the steels has a negative effect on the fatigue strength, particularly in the case of seamless pipes, mainly due to the reduced surface quality.
  • complex tempering processes with high tempering temperatures of approx. 600 ° C are necessary. Due to the high tempering temperatures, however, it is necessary that the stabilizers be clamped in special devices during the tempering process to avoid warping. However, this effort leads to an increase in manufacturing costs.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a steel alloy for pipes, the mechanical properties of which meet the high requirements for the production of stabilizers. Furthermore, the invention aims at the economical production of high quality stabilizers from such tubes.
  • the alloy engineering part of the object is achieved by using the alloy specified in claim 1.
  • the invention adopts the knowledge that for the manufacture of stabilizers from pipes, with the high demands on the mechanical properties, a pipe material is required which, depending on the tempering temperature, tensile strengths R m of 1100 to 1600 N / mm 2 , 0.2 % Yield strengths R p0.2 from 900 to 1300 N / mm 2 and an elongation at break A 5 of 6 to 15%.
  • the most important advantage of the steel alloy according to the invention is therefore seen in the fact that the proposed alloy, compared with the use of the known alloys from which tubes for stabilizers are produced, achieves the specified values of tensile strength, yield strength and elongation at break, and that, in addition, when they are used only one alloy can cover a wide range of required mechanical characteristics. For this purpose, the alloy components are optimally coordinated.
  • the carbon content ensures sufficient strength and hardenability.
  • the silicon content determines the tensile strength and the yield strength, whereby the toughness properties are only slightly influenced.
  • the manganese also increases the strength of the steel alloy, whereby the elongation at break is only slightly reduced. In addition, the manganese has a favorable effect on weldability. Combined with the carbon content, it improves wear resistance.
  • the titanium content is mainly used for Stabilization against intergranular corrosion used.
  • the boron improves through-hardening and increases core strength.
  • the addition of aluminum supports fine grain formation.
  • the alloy according to the invention therefore has good ductility and weldability. This is associated with the advantage that, in addition to the use of seamless tubes, it is also possible to use longitudinally welded tubes which are more suitable for the intended use.
  • the steel alloy according to the invention has better toughness properties than known steels and makes it easier to temper. For example, lower tempering temperatures can be used.
  • the steel alloy according to the invention is inexpensive. Pipes made of such a steel alloy can also be used in existing systems for the production of stabilizers from solid material without any problems. Compensation systems are already in place here.
  • Stabilizers according to claim 3 have a reduced weight compared to known stabilizers made of solid material. These stabilizers reliably withstand the heavy loads when used in motor vehicles.
  • Stabilizers are then produced from the pipes treated in this way using the usual process steps. This is followed by water hardening of the stabilizers.
  • the water is preferably hardened in the tool itself, so that there is no need to additionally take up the stabilizers for the purpose of hardening.
  • starting in air can take place at a temperature between 200 ° C and 400 ° C, as provided for in claim 5.
  • the martensite structure that occurs during hardening is sometimes very brittle. Therefore, the stabilizers are usually left on after hardening.
  • a temperature of approximately 250 ° C. has proven to be particularly advantageous.
  • the ends of the stabilizers are compressed (claim 6). This is followed by a quenching process. This is preferably done with water at temperatures above 800 ° C. Quench hardening above a temperature of 920 ° C. has proven to be particularly advantageous.
  • untreated pipes can also be used, as provided for in claim 7.
  • the bending takes place at a temperature above the upper transition temperature, the A C3 point in the iron-carbon diagram. After the bending process, quench hardening is again carried out in the tool. A message is then not necessary.
  • heating the stabilizers after curing to a temperature below the transition temperature is advantageous.
  • the tempering temperature should therefore not exceed 350 ° C.
  • Another solution of the procedural part of the task includes claim 9. Thereafter, the tubes made from the alloy according to the invention are tempered, before the forming process to stabilizers. Remuneration after bending can be omitted. This approach is particularly pragmatic and economical.
  • the tempering of the tubes comprises the double step of hardening and tempering. This gives the tube great strength and a high yield strength as well as great toughness before the bending process.
  • Hardening consists of heating to the hardening temperature, holding and quenching. After that, the engine is warmed up again and finally quenched or slowly cooled.
  • a stress relief annealing can be carried out after bending the tubes to stabilizers, as provided for in claim 10. As a result, structural changes or residual stresses can be reduced.
  • This annealing process is preferably limited to the area of the arcs of a stabilizer.
  • the annealing temperature is chosen so that the tempering strength of the stabilizer is not reduced.
  • a production line for the production of stabilizers from welded pipes and a production line for the production of stabilizers from seamless pipes according to the method according to the invention is represented in a technical generalized manner in the attached FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 1 it should be pointed out that, depending on the diameter of welded pipes, it is not absolutely necessary to reduce the stretch.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)

Abstract

The use of a steel alloy of compsn. (wt. %): 0.18-0.3 C; 0.1-0.5 Si, 1.1-1.8 Mn, max. 0.025 P, max 0.025 S, 0.02-0.05 Ti, 0.0005-0.005 B, 0.01-0.05 Al, balance Fe plus usual melting impurities for tubes used in the production of stabilisers for vehicles, esp. torsion bars is claimed. Also claimed are: (i) the stabilisers made from the alloy; (ii) a process for producing stabilisers from drawn or welded tubes comprising normal annealing the tubes, producing the stabilisers; and water quenching; (iii) a process for producing bent stabilisers from non-hardened tubes comprising bending at above the Ac3 point followed by quenching; and (iv) a further process for producing bent stabilisers from tubes comprising hardening the tubes and then bending.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung einer Stahllegierung für Rohre zur Herstellung von Stabilisatoren für Kraftfahrzeuge, einen Stabilisator aus einer solchen Stahllegierung sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stabilisatoren.The invention relates to the use of a steel alloy for pipes for the manufacture of stabilizers for motor vehicles, a stabilizer made of such a steel alloy and a method for the manufacture of stabilizers.

Stabilisatoren sind Bauteile, die in der Kraftfahrzeugtechnik zur Verringerung der Kurvenneigung der Karosserie und zur Beeinflussung des Eigenlenkverhaltens, z.B. zur Verminderung des Übersteuerns, eingesetzt werden. Sie versteifen bei einseitiger Belastung die Federung, beispielsweise beim Überfahren einseitiger Hindernisse.Stabilizers are components that are used in automotive engineering to reduce the curvature of the body and to influence the self-steering behavior, e.g. to reduce oversteer. They stiffen the suspension when one-sided loading occurs, for example when driving over unilateral obstacles.

Stabilisatoren sind meist als Drehstäbe ausgeführt, die im Fahrzeughauptteil quer zur Fahrtrichtung gelagert sind und über U-förmig angebrachte Schenkel an den Radaufhängungen angreifen. Zur Stabilisation macht man sich die Widerstandskraft des Materials gegen Verdrehung zunutze. Die Enden des Stabilisators sind jeweils starr mit einer Seite der Achse verbunden und wirken als Hebelarm. Wird der Fahrzeugaufbau bei Kurvenfahrt infolge der Fliehkraft zur Seite geneigt, so federt das kurveninnere Rad stärker ein als das äußere. Der Stabilisator wird dadurch verdrillt und wirkt durch seine Federkraft der Seitenneigung entgegen.Stabilizers are usually designed as torsion bars, which are mounted transversely to the direction of travel in the main vehicle part and act on the wheel suspensions via U-shaped legs. For stabilization you do that Use the material's resistance to twisting. The ends of the stabilizer are rigidly connected to one side of the axle and act as a lever arm. If the vehicle body is tilted to the side when cornering due to the centrifugal force, the inside wheel bends more than the outside wheel. As a result, the stabilizer is twisted and counteracts the side tilt due to its spring force.

Stabilisatoren der üblichen Art werden bisher überwiegend aus Vollstäben gefertigt. Es gibt sie in geraden und gebogenen Ausführungen. So beschreibt beispielsweise die WO 93/18189 die Herstellung von Schwingstäben bzw. Drehstabilisatoren aus hochfesten Stählen. Hierbei erfolgt der Einsatz von Stählen mit einem orientierten Verlauf der Gefügestruktur. Die Umformung erfolgt entweder warm unterhalb der Rekristallisierungstemperatur oder kalt unterhalb einer Temperatur von 149 °C. Die dort beschriebenen Stähle besitzen eine Streckgrenze Re von mindestens 620 N/mm2 und eine Zugfestigkeit Rm von mindestens 827 N/mm2. Sie weisen einen Gehalt an Kohlenstoff von 0,3 % bis 1 %, Mangan von 2,0 % bis 2,5 % und bis zu 0,35 % Vanadium auf. Die zur Herstellung der Stabilisatoren eingesetzten Stäbe werden warmgewalzt oder kaltgezogen.Stabilizers of the usual type have so far been predominantly made from solid bars. They are available in straight and curved versions. For example, WO 93/18189 describes the manufacture of vibrating bars or torsion stabilizers from high-strength steels. Here, steels with an oriented course of the microstructure are used. The forming takes place either warm below the recrystallization temperature or cold below a temperature of 149 ° C. The steels described there have a yield strength R e of at least 620 N / mm 2 and a tensile strength R m of at least 827 N / mm 2 . They have a carbon content of 0.3% to 1%, manganese from 2.0% to 2.5% and up to 0.35% vanadium. The bars used to manufacture the stabilizers are hot rolled or cold drawn.

Aus Gründen der Gewichtsersparnis geht die Tendenz dazu, Stabilisatoren aus Rohren herzustellen. Hierbei macht man sich das bei einem Rohr günstigere Verhältnis von Widerstandsmoment gegen Torsion zur Rohrmasse im Vergleich zu einem Vollstab zunutze. Bei dem für die Torsion optimalen Verhältnis von Wanddicke zum Durchmesser der Rohre müssen die zur Anwendung gelangenden Werkstoffe bei Beibehaltung der in den Fahrzeugen konstruktiv vorgegebenen bzw. verwendbaren Außendurchmesser eine um einen Faktor von ca. 1,4 höhere Streckgrenze und Zugfestigkeit besitzen.For reasons of weight saving, there is a tendency to produce stabilizers from pipes. This makes use of the more favorable ratio of section modulus against torsion to pipe mass compared to a solid rod. Given the optimal ratio of wall thickness to the diameter of the pipes for the torsion, the materials used have to have a yield strength and tensile strength that are higher by a factor of approx. 1.4 while maintaining the outer diameters specified or usable in the vehicles.

Weiterhin ist zur Erzielung einer hohen Dauer-Wechselfestigkeit die Oberflächengüte der Außen- und Innenoberfläche der verwendeten Rohre von größter Wichtigkeit. Die beste Oberflächengüte weisen längsnahtgeschweißte Rohre aus gewalztem Stahlband auf. Hierbei werden die bei nahtlos gezogenen Rohren vorkommenden Fehler, wie Fältelungen usw. vermieden.Furthermore, the surface quality of the outer and inner surface of the pipes used is of the utmost importance in order to achieve high fatigue strength. Longitudinally welded tubes made from rolled steel strip have the best surface quality. This avoids the errors that occur with seamlessly drawn pipes, such as wrinkles, etc.

Die bislang zum Einsatz gelangenden Stähle für Rohre zur Herstellung von Stabilisatoren weisen einen hohen Kohlenstoffgehalt auf und haben zum Teil eine zu niedrige Zähigkeit. Die niedrige Zähigkeit der Stähle wirkt sich insbesondere bei nahtlosen Rohren vorwiegend aufgrund der verminderten Oberflächengüte negativ auf die Dauer-Wechselfestigkeit aus. Zur Erzielung höherer Zähigkeit bei der geforderten Festigkeit sind aufwendige Vergütungsverfahren mit hohen Anlaßtemperaturen von ca. 600 °C notwendig. Durch die hohen Anlaßtemperaturen ist es aber erforderlich, daß die Stabilisatoren während des Anlaßvorgangs zur Vermeidung von Verzug in besonderen Vorrichtungen eingespannt werden. Dieser Aufwand führt jedoch zu einer Erhöhung der Herstellungskosten.The steels used so far for tubes for the production of stabilizers have a high carbon content and in some cases their toughness is too low. The low toughness of the steels has a negative effect on the fatigue strength, particularly in the case of seamless pipes, mainly due to the reduced surface quality. In order to achieve higher toughness with the required strength, complex tempering processes with high tempering temperatures of approx. 600 ° C are necessary. Due to the high tempering temperatures, however, it is necessary that the stabilizers be clamped in special devices during the tempering process to avoid warping. However, this effort leads to an increase in manufacturing costs.

Desweiteren sind die meisten der bislang eingesetzten Stähle schlecht schweißbar. Damit ist der Einsatz von längsnahtgeschweißten Rohren schlecht bzw. überhaupt nicht möglich, obwohl dies wegen der besseren Oberflächengüte wünschenswert wäre.Furthermore, most of the steels previously used are difficult to weld. This means that the use of longitudinally welded pipes is poor or impossible at all, although this would be desirable because of the better surface quality.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Stahllegierung für Rohre anzugeben, die in ihren mechanischen Eigenschaften den hohen Anforderungen für die Herstellung von Stabilisatoren gerecht wird. Weiterhin zielt die Erfindung auf eine wirtschaftliche Herstellung von qualitativ hochwertigen Stabilisatoren aus solchen Rohren ab.The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a steel alloy for pipes, the mechanical properties of which meet the high requirements for the production of stabilizers. Furthermore, the invention aims at the economical production of high quality stabilizers from such tubes.

Der legierungstechnische Teil der Aufgabe wird durch die Verwendung der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Legierung gelöst.The alloy engineering part of the object is achieved by using the alloy specified in claim 1.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der zur Verwendung gelangenden Legierung lehrt Anspruch 2.An advantageous embodiment of the alloy used is taught in claim 2.

Die Erfindung macht sich hierbei die Erkenntnis zu eigen, daß für die Herstellung von Stabilisatoren aus Rohren bei den hohen Anforderungen an die mechanischen Eigenschaften ein Rohrwerkstoff erforderlich ist, der je nach Anlaßtemperatur Zugfestigkeiten Rm von 1100 bis 1600 N/mm2, 0,2%-Dehngrenzen Rp0,2 von 900 bis 1300 N/mm2 und eine Bruchdehnung A5 von 6 bis 15 % aufweist. Der wesentlichste Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Stahllegierung wird daher darin gesehen, daß die vorgeschlagene Legierung gegenüber der Verwendung der bekannten Legierungen, aus denen Rohre für Stabilisatoren hergestellt werden, die angegebenen Werte der Zugfestigkeit, Streckgrenze und Bruchdehnung erreicht, und daß durch sie zusätzlich noch bei Einsatz von nur einer Legierung eine hohe Bandbreite von geforderten mechanischen Kenndaten abgedeckt werden kann. Die Legierungskomponenten sind hierfür optimal aufeinander abgestimmt.The invention adopts the knowledge that for the manufacture of stabilizers from pipes, with the high demands on the mechanical properties, a pipe material is required which, depending on the tempering temperature, tensile strengths R m of 1100 to 1600 N / mm 2 , 0.2 % Yield strengths R p0.2 from 900 to 1300 N / mm 2 and an elongation at break A 5 of 6 to 15%. The most important advantage of the steel alloy according to the invention is therefore seen in the fact that the proposed alloy, compared with the use of the known alloys from which tubes for stabilizers are produced, achieves the specified values of tensile strength, yield strength and elongation at break, and that, in addition, when they are used only one alloy can cover a wide range of required mechanical characteristics. For this purpose, the alloy components are optimally coordinated.

Obwohl es sich um einen weichen, kohlenstoffarmen Stahl handelt, gewährleistet der Kohlenstoffanteil eine ausreichende Festigkeit und Härtbarkeit. Der Siliziumanteil bestimmt die Zugfestigkeit und die Streckgrenze, wobei die Zähigkeitseigenschaften nur geringfügig beeinflußt werden. Das Mangan erhöht ebenfalls die Festigkeit der Stahllegierung, wobei die Bruchdehnung nur geringfügig verringert wird. Darüberhinaus wirkt sich das Mangan günstig auf die Schweißbarkeit aus. In Verbindung mit dem Kohlenstoffanteil bewirkt es eine Verbesserung des Verschleißwiderstands. Der Titananteil wird vorwiegend zur Stabilisierung gegenüber interkristalliner Korrosion eingesetzt. Das Bor verbessert die Durchhärtung und erhöht die Kernfestigkeit. Schließlich wird durch die Zugabe von Aluminium die Feinkornbildung unterstützt.Although it is a soft, low-carbon steel, the carbon content ensures sufficient strength and hardenability. The silicon content determines the tensile strength and the yield strength, whereby the toughness properties are only slightly influenced. The manganese also increases the strength of the steel alloy, whereby the elongation at break is only slightly reduced. In addition, the manganese has a favorable effect on weldability. Combined with the carbon content, it improves wear resistance. The titanium content is mainly used for Stabilization against intergranular corrosion used. The boron improves through-hardening and increases core strength. Finally, the addition of aluminum supports fine grain formation.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Legierung ist daher eine gute Verformbarkeit und Schweißbarkeit gegeben. Hiermit verbindet sich der Vorteil, daß neben dem Einsatz von nahtlosen Rohren auch der Einsatz von für den vorgesehenen Verwendungszweck besser geeigneten längsnahtgeschweißten Rohren möglich wird.The alloy according to the invention therefore has good ductility and weldability. This is associated with the advantage that, in addition to the use of seamless tubes, it is also possible to use longitudinally welded tubes which are more suitable for the intended use.

Weiterhin hervorzuheben ist, daß die erfindungsgemäße Stahllegierung im Vergleich zu den bekannten Stählen bessere Eigenschaften hinsichtlich der Zähigkeit aufweist und eine einfachere Vergütbarkeit möglich macht. So kann beispielsweise mit niedrigeren Anlaßtemperaturen gearbeitet werden.It should also be emphasized that the steel alloy according to the invention has better toughness properties than known steels and makes it easier to temper. For example, lower tempering temperatures can be used.

Die erfindungsgemäße Stahllegierung ist kostengünstig. Rohre aus einer solchen Stahllegierung können auch in bereits vorhandenen Anlagen zur Herstellung von Stabilisatoren aus Vollmaterial problemlos zum Einsatz gelangen. Vergütungsanlagen sind hier bereits vorhanden.The steel alloy according to the invention is inexpensive. Pipes made of such a steel alloy can also be used in existing systems for the production of stabilizers from solid material without any problems. Compensation systems are already in place here.

Für neu einzurichtende Fertigungslinien ergibt sich sogar eine Reduzierung des Aufwands, da das nach dem Härten vorgenommene Anlassen bei niedrigeren Temperaturen als bisher üblich erfolgen kann. Aus diesem Grund sind Einspannvorrichtungen, die einen Verzug beim Anlaßvorgang verhindern sollen, nicht erforderlich.For new production lines to be set up, there is even a reduction in effort, since the tempering carried out after hardening can be carried out at lower temperatures than was previously the case. For this reason, clamping devices which are intended to prevent warping during the starting process are not required.

Stabilisatoren gemäß Anspruch 3 weisen ein gegenüber bekannten Stabilisatoren aus Vollmaterial reduziertes Gewicht auf. Den starken Belastungen beim Einsatz in Kraftfahrzeugen halten diese Stabilisatoren zuverlässig stand.Stabilizers according to claim 3 have a reduced weight compared to known stabilizers made of solid material. These stabilizers reliably withstand the heavy loads when used in motor vehicles.

Eine Lösung des verfahrensmäßigen Teils der Aufgabe wird in den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 4 gesehen. Hierbei können sowohl nahtlos gezogene als auch längsnahtgeschweißte Rohre zum Einsatz gelangen.A solution to the procedural part of the task is seen in the features of claim 4. Both seamless drawn and longitudinally welded pipes can be used.

Diese werden zunächst normal geglüht. Dies erfolgt bei einer Temperatur wenig oberhalb des AC3-Punktes mit anschließendem Abkühlen in ruhender Atmosphäre. Die Glühbehandlung wird angewandt, um eine grobkörnige Struktur zu beseitigen. Vorteilhaft ist dies insbesondere bei längsnahtgeschweißten Rohren, da hier eine grobkörnige Struktur auftreten kann.These are initially annealed normally. This takes place at a temperature slightly above the A C3 point with subsequent cooling in a calm atmosphere. The annealing treatment is used to remove a coarse grain structure. This is particularly advantageous in the case of longitudinally welded pipes, since a coarse-grained structure can occur here.

Aus den so behandelten Rohren werden anschließend Stabilisatoren umformtechnisch mit den üblichen Verfahrensgängen hergestellt. Hieran schließt sich eine Wasserhärtung der Stabilisatoren an. Die Wasserhärtung erfolgt vorzugsweise im Werkzeug selber, so daß ein zusätzliches Aufnehmen der Stabilisatoren zum Zwecke der Härtung entfällt.Stabilizers are then produced from the pipes treated in this way using the usual process steps. This is followed by water hardening of the stabilizers. The water is preferably hardened in the tool itself, so that there is no need to additionally take up the stabilizers for the purpose of hardening.

Fallweise kann ein Anlassen unter Luft bei einer Temperatur zwischen 200 °C und 400 °C erfolgen, wie dies Anspruch 5 vorsieht. Das beim Härten entstehende Martensitgefüge ist teilweise sehr spröde. Daher werden die Stabilisatoren in der Regel nach dem Härten angelassen. Als besonders vorteilhaft hat sich eine Temperatur von ca. 250 °C erwiesen. Durch Diffusion der Kohlenstoffatome wird so die Verspannung des Martensits gemildert. Die Sprödigkeit wird verringert, ohne daß die Härte sich wesentlich ändert.In some cases, starting in air can take place at a temperature between 200 ° C and 400 ° C, as provided for in claim 5. The martensite structure that occurs during hardening is sometimes very brittle. Therefore, the stabilizers are usually left on after hardening. A temperature of approximately 250 ° C. has proven to be particularly advantageous. By diffusion of the carbon atoms, the tension of the martensite is reduced. The brittleness is reduced without the hardness changing significantly.

Ein Einspannen der Stabilisatoren beim Anlassen zur Vermeidung von Verzug ist in diesem Anlaßtemperaturbereich nicht erforderlich.It is not necessary to clamp the stabilizers when starting to avoid distortion in this tempering temperature range.

Erforderlichenfalls werden die Enden der Stabilisatoren angestaucht (Anspruch 6). Hieran schließt sich ein Abschreckvorgang an. Dies geschieht vorzugsweise mit Wasser von Temperaturen oberhalb 800 °C. Als besonders vorteilhaft hat sich ein Abschreckhärten oberhalb einer Temperatur von 920 °C herausgestellt.If necessary, the ends of the stabilizers are compressed (claim 6). This is followed by a quenching process. This is preferably done with water at temperatures above 800 ° C. Quench hardening above a temperature of 920 ° C. has proven to be particularly advantageous.

Im Falle von gebogenen Stabilisatoren können auch unvergütete Rohre zum Einsatz kommen, wie dies Anspruch 7 vorsieht. Das Biegen erfolgt bei einer Temperatur oberhalb der oberen Umwandlungstemperatur, dem AC3-Punkt im Eisen-Kohlenstoff-Diagramm. Nach dem Biegevorgang wird wiederum eine Abschreckhärtung im Werkzeug vorgenommen. Ein Nachrichten ist dann nicht erforderlich.In the case of curved stabilizers, untreated pipes can also be used, as provided for in claim 7. The bending takes place at a temperature above the upper transition temperature, the A C3 point in the iron-carbon diagram. After the bending process, quench hardening is again carried out in the tool. A message is then not necessary.

Nach den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 8 ist eine Erwärmung der Stabilisatoren nach dem Härten auf eine Temperatur unterhalb der Umwandlungstemperatur vorteilhaft. Die Anlaßtemperatur soll daher 350 °C nicht überschreiten.According to the features of claim 8, heating the stabilizers after curing to a temperature below the transition temperature is advantageous. The tempering temperature should therefore not exceed 350 ° C.

Eine weitere Lösung des verfahrensmäßigen Teils der Aufgabe beinhaltet Anspruch 9. Danach werden die aus der erfindungsgemäßen Legierung hergestellten Rohre vergütet, und zwar vor dem Umformvorgang zu Stabilisatoren. Eine Vergütung nach dem Biegen kann entfallen. Diese Vorgehensweise ist besonders pragmatisch und ökonomisch.Another solution of the procedural part of the task includes claim 9. Thereafter, the tubes made from the alloy according to the invention are tempered, before the forming process to stabilizers. Remuneration after bending can be omitted. This approach is particularly pragmatic and economical.

Die Vergütung der Rohre umfaßt den Doppelschritt des Härtens und Anlassens. Dem Rohr wird hierdurch vor dem Biegevorgang eine große Festigkeit und eine hohe Streckgrenze sowie große Zähigkeit verliehen.The tempering of the tubes comprises the double step of hardening and tempering. This gives the tube great strength and a high yield strength as well as great toughness before the bending process.

Das Härten besteht aus dem Erwärmen auf Härtetemperatur, dem Halten und Abschrecken. Danach wird zum Anlassen nochmals erwärmt und abschließend abgeschreckt oder langsam abgekühlt.Hardening consists of heating to the hardening temperature, holding and quenching. After that, the engine is warmed up again and finally quenched or slowly cooled.

Falls erforderlich, kann nach dem Biegen der Rohre zu Stabilisatoren ein Spannungsarmglühen vorgenommen werden, wie dies Anspruch 10 vorsieht. Hierdurch können Gefügeumwandlungen oder Eigenspannungen abgebaut werden. Vorzugsweise beschränkt sich dieser Glühvorgang auf den Bereich der Bögen eines Stabilisators. Die Glühtemperatur ist dabei so gewählt, daß die Vergütungsfestigkeit des Stabilisators nicht herabgesetzt wird.If necessary, a stress relief annealing can be carried out after bending the tubes to stabilizers, as provided for in claim 10. As a result, structural changes or residual stresses can be reduced. This annealing process is preferably limited to the area of the arcs of a stabilizer. The annealing temperature is chosen so that the tempering strength of the stabilizer is not reduced.

Eine Fertigungslinie für die Herstellung von Stabilisatoren aus geschweißten Rohren sowie eine Fertigungslinie für die Herstellung von Stabilisatoren aus nahtlosen Rohren gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ist technisch generalisiert in den beiliegenden Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellt. Bezüglich der Figur 1 ist darauf hinzuweisen, daß bei geschweißten Rohren in Abhängigkeit von deren Durchmesser ein Streckreduzieren nicht zwingend erforderlich ist.A production line for the production of stabilizers from welded pipes and a production line for the production of stabilizers from seamless pipes according to the method according to the invention is represented in a technical generalized manner in the attached FIGS. 1 and 2. With regard to FIG. 1, it should be pointed out that, depending on the diameter of welded pipes, it is not absolutely necessary to reduce the stretch.

Claims (10)

Verwendung einer Stahllegierung für Rohre zur Herstellung von Stabilisatoren für Kraftfahrzeuge, insbesondere für Drehstabilisatoren, die in Gewichtsprozenten ausgedrückt aus Kohlenstoff (C) 0,18 % bis 0,30 % Silizium (Si) 0,10 % bis 0,50 % Mangan (Mn) 1,10 % bis 1,80 % Phosphor (P) max. 0,025 % Schwefel (S) max. 0,025 % Titan (Ti) 0,020 % bis 0,050 % Bor (B) 0,0005 % bis 0,005 % Aluminium 0,010 % bis 0,050 % Rest Eisen einschließlich erschmelzungsbedingter Verunreinigungen besteht.Use of a steel alloy for pipes for the manufacture of stabilizers for motor vehicles, in particular for torsion stabilizers, which are expressed in percentages by weight Carbon (C) 0.18% to 0.30% Silicon (Si) 0.10% to 0.50% Manganese (Mn) 1.10% to 1.80% Phosphorus (P) max. 0.025% Sulfur (S) max. 0.025% Titanium (Ti) 0.020% to 0.050% Boron (B) 0.0005% to 0.005% Aluminum 0.010% to 0.050% Remainder iron including impurities due to melting consists. Verwendung einer Stahllegierung nach Anspruch 1, die in Gewichtsprozenten ausgedrückt aus Kohlenstoff (C) 0,21 % bis 0,26 % Silizium (Si) 0,15 % bis 0,35 % Mangan (Mn) 1,20 % bis 1,40 % Phosphor (P) max. 0,025 % Schwefel (S) max. 0,025 % Titan (Ti) 0,020 % bis 0,040 % Bor (B) 0,0020 % bis 0,0040 % Aluminium 0,020 % bis 0,035 % Rest Eisen einschließlich erschmelzungsbedingter Verunreinigungen besteht.Use of a steel alloy according to claim 1, expressed in percentages by weight Carbon (C) 0.21% to 0.26% Silicon (Si) 0.15% to 0.35% Manganese (Mn) 1.20% to 1.40% Phosphorus (P) max. 0.025% Sulfur (S) max. 0.025% Titanium (Ti) 0.020% to 0.040% Boron (B) 0.0020% to 0.0040% Aluminum 0.020% to 0.035% Remainder iron including impurities due to melting consists. Stabilisator aus einer Stahllegierung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2.Steel alloy stabilizer according to one of claims 1 or 2. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stabilisatoren aus gezogenen oder geschweißten Rohren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, mit folgenden Maßnahmen: a) Normalglühen der Rohre; b) Herstellung der Stabilisatoren; c) Wasserhärtung der Stabilisatoren, wobei diese insbesondere im Werkzeug erfolgt. Method for producing stabilizers from drawn or welded pipes according to one of claims 1 or 2, with the following measures: a) normal annealing of the pipes; b) preparation of the stabilizers; c) water hardening of the stabilizers, this being done in particular in the tool. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Anlassen unter Luft bei einer Temperatur zwischen 200 °C und 400 °C erfolgt.A method according to claim 4, characterized in that tempering takes place in air at a temperature between 200 ° C and 400 ° C. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5, wobei die Enden der Stabilisatoren angestaucht und mit Wasser von Temperaturen oberhalb 800 °C, insbesondere 920 °C, abgeschreckt werden.Method according to one of claims 4 or 5, wherein the ends of the stabilizers are compressed and quenched with water at temperatures above 800 ° C, in particular 920 ° C. Verfahren zur Herstellung von gebogenen Stabilisatoren aus unvergüteten Rohren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Biegen oberhalb des AC3-Punktes erfolgt und nach der Biegeoperation eine Abschreckung im Werkzeug vorgenommen wird.A process for the production of bent stabilizers from unrefined pipes according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the bending takes place above the A C3 point and after the bending operation the tool is quenched. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Anlassen mit einer Temperatur bis zu 350 °C erfolgt.Process according to Claim 7, characterized in that tempering takes place at a temperature of up to 350 ° C. Verfahren zur Herstellung von gebogenen Stabilisatoren aus Rohren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zunächst eine Vergütung der Rohre vorgenommen wird und diese anschließend zu Stabilisatoren gebogen werden.Process for the production of bent stabilizers from tubes according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the tubes are first tempered and then bent into stabilizers. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach dem Biegen ein Spannungsarmglühen vorzugsweise der Biegebereiche erfolgt.A method according to claim 9, characterized in that after the bending, stress relief annealing preferably takes place in the bending areas.
EP96109631A 1995-07-06 1996-06-25 Pipes for manufacturing stabilisers and manufacturing stabilisers therefrom Expired - Lifetime EP0753595B1 (en)

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WO2003004708A1 (en) * 2001-07-03 2003-01-16 Metalsa Roanoke Inc. Method for strengthening a steel channel member
EP1125774A3 (en) * 2000-02-17 2003-11-19 Benteler Ag Motor vehicle suspension components
WO2004087367A2 (en) * 2003-04-04 2004-10-14 Thyssenkrupp Automotive Ag Method for producing helical springs or stabilisers
WO2007113690A3 (en) * 2006-03-14 2008-02-28 Tenaris Connections Ag Method of producing high- strength metal tubular bar for vehicle stabilizer possessing improved cold formability
WO2008138642A1 (en) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Benteler Stahl/Rohr Gmbh Use of a steel alloy for well pipes for perforation of borehole casings, and well pipe
US8002910B2 (en) 2003-04-25 2011-08-23 Tubos De Acero De Mexico S.A. Seamless steel tube which is intended to be used as a guide pipe and production method thereof
US8202376B2 (en) 2005-11-15 2012-06-19 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh High-strength motor-vehicle frame part with targeted crash
US8221562B2 (en) 2008-11-25 2012-07-17 Maverick Tube, Llc Compact strip or thin slab processing of boron/titanium steels
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US8328958B2 (en) 2007-07-06 2012-12-11 Tenaris Connections Limited Steels for sour service environments
US8328960B2 (en) 2007-11-19 2012-12-11 Tenaris Connections Limited High strength bainitic steel for OCTG applications
US8414715B2 (en) 2011-02-18 2013-04-09 Siderca S.A.I.C. Method of making ultra high strength steel having good toughness
US8636856B2 (en) 2011-02-18 2014-01-28 Siderca S.A.I.C. High strength steel having good toughness
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US8926771B2 (en) 2006-06-29 2015-01-06 Tenaris Connections Limited Seamless precision steel tubes with improved isotropic toughness at low temperature for hydraulic cylinders and process for obtaining the same
US9187811B2 (en) 2013-03-11 2015-11-17 Tenaris Connections Limited Low-carbon chromium steel having reduced vanadium and high corrosion resistance, and methods of manufacturing
US9644248B2 (en) 2013-04-08 2017-05-09 Dalmine S.P.A. Heavy wall quenched and tempered seamless steel pipes and related method for manufacturing said steel pipes
US9657365B2 (en) 2013-04-08 2017-05-23 Dalmine S.P.A. High strength medium wall quenched and tempered seamless steel pipes and related method for manufacturing said steel pipes
US9803256B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2017-10-31 Tenaris Coiled Tubes, Llc High performance material for coiled tubing applications and the method of producing the same
US9970242B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2018-05-15 Tenaris Connections B.V. Galling resistant drill pipe tool joint and corresponding drill pipe
US11105501B2 (en) 2013-06-25 2021-08-31 Tenaris Connections B.V. High-chromium heat-resistant steel
US11124852B2 (en) 2016-08-12 2021-09-21 Tenaris Coiled Tubes, Llc Method and system for manufacturing coiled tubing
US11833561B2 (en) 2017-01-17 2023-12-05 Forum Us, Inc. Method of manufacturing a coiled tubing string
US11952648B2 (en) 2011-01-25 2024-04-09 Tenaris Coiled Tubes, Llc Method of forming and heat treating coiled tubing

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EP1125774A3 (en) * 2000-02-17 2003-11-19 Benteler Ag Motor vehicle suspension components
WO2003004708A1 (en) * 2001-07-03 2003-01-16 Metalsa Roanoke Inc. Method for strengthening a steel channel member
WO2004087367A2 (en) * 2003-04-04 2004-10-14 Thyssenkrupp Automotive Ag Method for producing helical springs or stabilisers
WO2004087367A3 (en) * 2003-04-04 2005-04-28 Thyssen Krupp Automotive Ag Method for producing helical springs or stabilisers
CN100385020C (en) * 2003-04-04 2008-04-30 泰森克鲁普汽车股份公司 Method for producing helical springs or stabilisers.
US8002910B2 (en) 2003-04-25 2011-08-23 Tubos De Acero De Mexico S.A. Seamless steel tube which is intended to be used as a guide pipe and production method thereof
US8202376B2 (en) 2005-11-15 2012-06-19 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh High-strength motor-vehicle frame part with targeted crash
WO2007113690A3 (en) * 2006-03-14 2008-02-28 Tenaris Connections Ag Method of producing high- strength metal tubular bar for vehicle stabilizer possessing improved cold formability
US7744708B2 (en) 2006-03-14 2010-06-29 Tenaris Connections Limited Methods of producing high-strength metal tubular bars possessing improved cold formability
US8007601B2 (en) 2006-03-14 2011-08-30 Tenaris Connections Limited Methods of producing high-strength metal tubular bars possessing improved cold formability
US8926771B2 (en) 2006-06-29 2015-01-06 Tenaris Connections Limited Seamless precision steel tubes with improved isotropic toughness at low temperature for hydraulic cylinders and process for obtaining the same
WO2008138642A1 (en) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Benteler Stahl/Rohr Gmbh Use of a steel alloy for well pipes for perforation of borehole casings, and well pipe
US8328958B2 (en) 2007-07-06 2012-12-11 Tenaris Connections Limited Steels for sour service environments
US8328960B2 (en) 2007-11-19 2012-12-11 Tenaris Connections Limited High strength bainitic steel for OCTG applications
US8221562B2 (en) 2008-11-25 2012-07-17 Maverick Tube, Llc Compact strip or thin slab processing of boron/titanium steels
WO2012097855A1 (en) * 2011-01-21 2012-07-26 Audi Ag Active actuator for a motor vehicle chassis
US11952648B2 (en) 2011-01-25 2024-04-09 Tenaris Coiled Tubes, Llc Method of forming and heat treating coiled tubing
US8821653B2 (en) 2011-02-07 2014-09-02 Dalmine S.P.A. Heavy wall steel pipes with excellent toughness at low temperature and sulfide stress corrosion cracking resistance
US8636856B2 (en) 2011-02-18 2014-01-28 Siderca S.A.I.C. High strength steel having good toughness
US9222156B2 (en) 2011-02-18 2015-12-29 Siderca S.A.I.C. High strength steel having good toughness
US8414715B2 (en) 2011-02-18 2013-04-09 Siderca S.A.I.C. Method of making ultra high strength steel having good toughness
US9970242B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2018-05-15 Tenaris Connections B.V. Galling resistant drill pipe tool joint and corresponding drill pipe
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US9187811B2 (en) 2013-03-11 2015-11-17 Tenaris Connections Limited Low-carbon chromium steel having reduced vanadium and high corrosion resistance, and methods of manufacturing
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US9803256B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2017-10-31 Tenaris Coiled Tubes, Llc High performance material for coiled tubing applications and the method of producing the same
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US9644248B2 (en) 2013-04-08 2017-05-09 Dalmine S.P.A. Heavy wall quenched and tempered seamless steel pipes and related method for manufacturing said steel pipes
US9657365B2 (en) 2013-04-08 2017-05-23 Dalmine S.P.A. High strength medium wall quenched and tempered seamless steel pipes and related method for manufacturing said steel pipes
US11105501B2 (en) 2013-06-25 2021-08-31 Tenaris Connections B.V. High-chromium heat-resistant steel
US11124852B2 (en) 2016-08-12 2021-09-21 Tenaris Coiled Tubes, Llc Method and system for manufacturing coiled tubing
US11833561B2 (en) 2017-01-17 2023-12-05 Forum Us, Inc. Method of manufacturing a coiled tubing string

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EP0753595A3 (en) 1998-08-26
DE59607441D1 (en) 2001-09-13

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