EP0665564B1 - Driving mechanism for a protective breaker - Google Patents
Driving mechanism for a protective breaker Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0665564B1 EP0665564B1 EP95400197A EP95400197A EP0665564B1 EP 0665564 B1 EP0665564 B1 EP 0665564B1 EP 95400197 A EP95400197 A EP 95400197A EP 95400197 A EP95400197 A EP 95400197A EP 0665564 B1 EP0665564 B1 EP 0665564B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spring
- cams
- rod
- mechanism according
- actuating mechanism
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101100008044 Caenorhabditis elegans cut-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001739 rebound effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003319 supportive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H75/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of power reset mechanism
- H01H75/02—Details
- H01H75/04—Reset mechanisms for automatically reclosing a limited number of times
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
- H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00Â -Â H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
- H01H71/14—Electrothermal mechanisms
- H01H71/145—Electrothermal mechanisms using shape memory materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
- H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
- H01H2003/3094—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor allowing an opening - closing - opening [OCO] sequence
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H61/00—Electrothermal relays
- H01H61/01—Details
- H01H61/0107—Details making use of shape memory materials
- H01H2061/0115—Shape memory alloy [SMA] actuator formed by coil spring
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/60—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mechanism actuating the movable contact of a protective switching chamber, according to the preamble of claim 1 (see for example DE-A-2928799).
- the present invention provides such a mechanism particularly simple and reliable, requiring no external control system.
- the mechanism is characterized in that it allows the closing of the breaking chamber thanks to a sequencing device associated with the displacement device and ensuring an adjustable and timed cycle of openings and closures.
- shape memory alloys combined with sizing adequate spring, so that it under the effect of a fault current, for example greater than ten times the nominal current, heats up to a level such as alloy goes from the martensitic phase to the austenitic phase, this which causes the shape of the spring to change (from a state expansion to a state of compression or vice versa) and activates the movement device causing the opening of the switching chamber.
- the mechanism comprises a device sequencer which delays the reclosing and the possible reopening of the switching chamber according to a cycle adjustable openings and closings, for example according to a O-2s-FO-10s-FO-20s-F cycle, and when the fault remains present locks the mechanism in the open position.
- the movement device is an action mechanism abrupt on either side of a neutral point, connected to the contact mobile and movable from a first position where it pushes the contact in the closed position to a second position where it pulls the contact in the open position under the effect of compression of the form alloy spring connected by one of its ends to this displacement device by through a sliding rod inside the spring and abutting at this end when the spring is relaxed and by its other end connected to a fixed support part.
- the displacement device has two arms rotatable around an axis, the first being rotated by a tension spring and being connected to the movable contact via a connecting rod pivotable and by an arrangement comprising a guided part in a guide rigidly connected to the contact, urged by a compression spring and having an oblong hole in which can slide the pivot axis of the connecting rod and the second being integral with the sliding rod.
- the sequencing device comprises at least one cam retractable by means of a time delay on which are in traction a hook fixed to the free end of the sliding rod and engaged push a roller also attached to the free end of the sliding rod.
- the sequencing device comprises several retractable cams aligned on a rotating wheel subject to a return spring and a swivel hook on a fixed axis retaining one of these cams against the action of the return spring.
- the sequencing device also has two cams non retractable end position locking.
- the sequencing device comprises an independent means manual clearing of all cams for resetting of this device at the end of the cycle.
- the sequencing device includes a means independent of automatic erasure of all cams to reset this device during the cycle, comprising a pneumatic cylinder supplied with gas, by via a valve controlled by a timer pneumatic, by a compression chamber where a piston linked to the displacement device.
- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a mechanism according to the invention mounted on a vacuum cutting.
- Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of the mechanism according to the invention in the closed position.
- Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view of the mechanism according to the invention at the start of the position opened.
- Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view of detail of the mechanism according to the invention in the open position.
- Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view of detail of the mechanism according to the invention during the first closing.
- Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view of the mechanism according to the invention in the end position first closing.
- Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view of the mechanism according to the invention in second position opening.
- Figure 8 is a vertical sectional view of the mechanism according to the invention in third position opening.
- Figure 9 is a vertical sectional view of the mechanism according to the invention in fourth position opening and locking.
- Figure 10 is a vertical sectional view of detail of the sequencing device of the mechanism in accordance with the invention.
- Figure 11 is a vertical sectional view of detail of the sequencing device of the mechanism according to the invention during a manual reset.
- Figure 12 is a vertical sectional view of detail of the sequencing device of the mechanism according to the invention during an automatic reset.
- the actuation mechanism is shown in a way general in Figure 1 where it is mounted on a protective shutdown installed on a power line and to be open to the appearance of a threshold of overcurrent on the line (equal for example to 10 times the nominal current) according to the example shown a vacuum cut-off 1 connected to a first socket 11.
- the assembly is supported by an isolator 2 on a support structure 3.
- the movable contact of the vacuum chamber 1 is integral with an operating rod 4 connected to a displacement device 5 driven by a drive member consisting of a helical conductive alloy spring 6 with shape memory (called AMF spring) of an effort by example about 400N and electrically linked to the line by through a braid 7 connecting it by one of its ends at the end of the rod 4.
- AMF spring shape memory
- the mechanism allows the chamber to be closed cut-off 1 via a sequencing device 8 associated with the displacement device 5 and ensuring a cycle adjustable and timed opening and closing, according to the example represented according to a cycle O-2s-FO-10s-FO-20s-F, and, when the fault remains present, it locks the mechanism in open position.
- the mechanism is housed in an envelope 9 which supports a second socket 10 connected by another braid conductive 12 at the other end of the AMF spring 6.
- the displacement device 5 will first of all be described, with reference to Figures 2 and following.
- the arm 13 includes a set of integral and rotating arms around a horizontal axis, one of which 13 is connected to the outlet rod 4 and the other 14 is connected to the AMF spring 6.
- the arm 13 is connected to the outlet of the rod 4 by a connecting rod 15 pivoting at one of its ends on the arm 13 and at the other of its ends in an oblong hole arrangement 16 and compression spring 17.
- the oblong hole 16 is made in a piece 18 vertically guided in a guide 19 rigidly fixed to the end of the rod 4 and biased downwards by the compression spring 17.
- the pivot axis 21 between the arm 13 and the connecting rod 15 is connected to the end of a tension spring 20 of which the other end is fixed at a fixed point.
- axis 21 is pulled by tension spring 20 slightly to the left of the vertical axis forming the longitudinal axis of the cut 1 and passing through the axis of rotation of the arms 13 and 14.
- the pivot 22 is then pushed at the top of the oblong hole 16. In this position, the connecting rod 15 is in abutment against a fixed stop piece 32.
- the other arm 14 is connected at its end to the free end of a rod 23 sliding inside the AMF spring 6 and carries a roller 24 and a hook 34 pivoting on a horizontal axis all cooperating two with the sequencing device 8 as will be seen more far.
- the rod 23 carries at its inner end to the spring AMF 6 a stop 25 engaged with an end piece 26 secured to the AMF spring 6.
- the other end of the spring 6 is connected to a fixed support part 27.
- This device forms a snap action mechanism on either side of the dead center formed by the vertical axis forming the longitudinal axis of the breaking chamber 1 and passing through the axis of rotation of the arms 13 and 14 and, in the first position shown in Figure 2, it pushes the movable contact of the breaking chamber 1 in position closed.
- the stop piece 32 is adjustable and allows calibrate the opening force.
- a third arm 28 is integral with arms 13 and 14. It is connected to a piston rod 29 which is stressed by a return spring 29A and which slides in a fixed cylindrical chamber 30 supplied with gas, preferably air, in a closed circuit by a bellows arrangement or equivalent compresses gas in a compression volume 31 provided in the housing 9 via a valve non-return 30A.
- gas preferably air
- the AMF 6 spring passes at its austenitic phase and takes its compressed form as shown in Figure 3. It therefore pulls the rod 23 by its end stop 25 and thereby turns the arms united 13, 14 and 28 against the force of the spring until the connecting rod 15 and / or the arm 13 comes into abutment against a second fixed abutment piece 33. During this movement, the pivot 22 moves in the hole oblong 16 and the spring 17 is decompressed. It is so achieved an accelerated movement thanks to the inertia of the masses moving.
- the stop 33 is preferably made of a shape memory and converts kinetic energy into heat, thus minimizing the rebound effects of contact mobile from chamber 1.
- moving the moving contact and opening of the breaking chamber 1 are then produced at a speed relatively high instantaneous, for example of the order of 1 m / s. Thanks to the neutral mechanism with push spring 17, a maximum opening speed is guaranteed at the appearance of the overcurrent threshold, and the heating of the AMF 6 spring is thus of limited duration.
- the sequencing device 8 then comes into action.
- this device sequencer 8 has three retractable cams 81, 82, 83 and two non-retractable end locking cams stroke 84, 85 aligned on a rotating wheel subjected to a return spring not shown, the action of which tends to drive the wheel in the direction of arrow F.
- a hook 86 pivoting on a fixed axis retains one of these cams against the action of the return spring.
- the first three cams 81, 82, 83 are each retractable by means of a time delay consisting of a pneumatic cylinder 87, 88, 89 as it will be specified later.
- the spring 20 tends to rotate the arm 14 in the direction of arrow F but this is blocked by the thrust stop of the roller 24 against the first cam 81 retained by the cylinder 87.
- This cylinder has an orifice air outlet calibrated to delay the retraction of the cam 81 according to a time lapse of for example 2 seconds.
- the AMF 6 spring is therefore again connected to the line and if the fault current is still present, it resumes heating and changes shape and phase previously described opening starts again as shown in FIG. 7. This time, it is the second cam 82 which is pulled by the hook of the rod 34. The fixed hook 86 engages the third cam 83.
- the cylinder timer 88 having an air exhaust port set for example to 10 seconds, which regulates the retraction of cam 82 and return to the closed position of the chamber 1.
- each fixed radius 81C to 85C of the wheel supports an arm at its end intermediate support 81D to 85D with pivoting along an axis horizontal and it's at the end of this intermediate arm that is pivotally connected to each cam.
- the intermediate arms 81D to 83D are retained in alignment with fixed spokes 81C to 83C thanks to the thrust of the timing cylinders 87 to 89, the rod is connected to the end of the retractable cams 81 to 83 opposite to that pivoting around the axes 81A to 83A.
- the locking cams 84 and 85 are retained with pivoting at their free end on a fixed support not shown.
- This arrangement includes the piston 29 already described. In sliding in the fixed cylindrical chamber 30, it compresses gas in compression volume 31. This compression has place each time room 1 is opened. delay slightly higher than the total time of timed sequences produced by a 92A pilot valve by a pneumatic timer 92B and connected by a hose on the one hand to the compression volume 31 and on the other hand to a cylinder 92, this compressed gas supplies this cylinder 92 visible on Figure 10.
- This cylinder 92 is fixed on the disc 90 and its rod is linked to the cam support wheel 81 to 85. Powered under pressure, this jack 92 rotates the support wheel and the cams 81 to 83 are.
Landscapes
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
- Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
- Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
- High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention se rapporte à un mécanisme d'actionnement du contact mobile d'une chambre de coupure de protection, selon le préambule de la revendication 1 (voir par exemple DE-A-2928799).The present invention relates to a mechanism actuating the movable contact of a protective switching chamber, according to the preamble of claim 1 (see for example DE-A-2928799).
Elle concerne plus précisément un mécanisme d'actionnement du contact mobile d'une chambre de coupure de protection installée sur une ligne électrique et devant être ouverte à l'apparition d'un seuil de surintensité sur la ligne, ce mécanisme comportant un organe moteur entraÃnant un dispositif de déplacement du contact.It relates more precisely to a mechanism actuating the movable contact of a switch-off chamber protection installed on a power line and to be open to the appearance of an overcurrent threshold on the line, this mechanism comprising a driving motor member a contact displacement device.
Lors de l'apparition d'un défaut sur la ligne, il faut détecter ce défaut, par exemple un court-circuit, et ouvrir la chambre de coupure puis une fois le courant de défaut disparu, commander la refermeture de la chambre. Ces détections et ces commandes se réalisent de façon classique à l'aide de systèmes électroniques, avec apport d'énergie extérieure.When a fault occurs on the line, you must detect this fault, for example a short circuit, and open the breaking chamber then once the fault current gone, order the room to be closed. These detections and these commands are carried out in a conventional manner using electronic systems, with energy input outside.
La présente invention propose un tel mécanisme particulièrement simple et fiable, ne nécessitant aucun système de contrôle extérieur.The present invention provides such a mechanism particularly simple and reliable, requiring no external control system.
Pour ce faire, conformément à l'invention, le mécanisme est caractérisé en ce qu'il permet la refermeture de la chambre de coupure grâce à un dispositif séquenceur associé au dispositif de déplacement et assurant un cycle réglable et temporisé d'ouvertures et de fermetures.To do this, according to the invention, the mechanism is characterized in that it allows the closing of the breaking chamber thanks to a sequencing device associated with the displacement device and ensuring an adjustable and timed cycle of openings and closures.
Il est ainsi utilisé les propriétés particulières des alliages à mémoire de forme conjuguée à un dimensionnement adéquat du ressort, de façon que celui-ci sous l'effet d'un courant de défaut, par exemple supérieur à dix fois le courant nominal, s'échauffe à un niveau tel que l'alliage passe de la phase martensitique à la phase austénitique, ce qui provoque la modification de forme du ressort (d'un état de détente à un état de compression ou inversement) et active le dispositif de déplacement entraÃnant l'ouverture de la chambre de coupure.The particular properties of shape memory alloys combined with sizing adequate spring, so that it under the effect of a fault current, for example greater than ten times the nominal current, heats up to a level such as alloy goes from the martensitic phase to the austenitic phase, this which causes the shape of the spring to change (from a state expansion to a state of compression or vice versa) and activates the movement device causing the opening of the switching chamber.
Selon l'invention, le mécanisme comporte un dispositif séquenceur qui temporise la refermeture et l'éventuelle réouverture de la chambre de coupure selon un cycle d'ouvertures et de fermetures réglable, par exemple selon un cycle O-2s-FO-10s-FO-20s-F, et lorsque le défaut reste présent verrouille le mécanisme en position ouverte.According to the invention, the mechanism comprises a device sequencer which delays the reclosing and the possible reopening of the switching chamber according to a cycle adjustable openings and closings, for example according to a O-2s-FO-10s-FO-20s-F cycle, and when the fault remains present locks the mechanism in the open position.
Selon le mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, le dispositif de déplacement est un mécanisme à action brusque de part et d'autre d'un point mort, relié au contact mobile et déplaçable d'une première position où il pousse le contact en position fermée à une seconde position où il tire le contact en position ouverte sous l'effet de la compression du ressort en alliage de forme relié par une de ses extrémités à ce dispositif de déplacement par l'intermédiaire d'une tige coulissante à l'intérieur du ressort et venant en butée à cette extrémité lorsque le ressort est détendu et par son autre extrémité relié à une partie support fixe.According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the movement device is an action mechanism abrupt on either side of a neutral point, connected to the contact mobile and movable from a first position where it pushes the contact in the closed position to a second position where it pulls the contact in the open position under the effect of compression of the form alloy spring connected by one of its ends to this displacement device by through a sliding rod inside the spring and abutting at this end when the spring is relaxed and by its other end connected to a fixed support part.
Le dispositif de déplacement comporte deux bras solidaires rotatifs autour d'un axe, le premier étant sollicité en rotation par un ressort de traction et étant relié au contact mobile par l'intermédiaire d'une bielle pivotante et par un agencement comprenant une pièce guidée dans un guide rigidement relié au contact, sollicitée par un ressort de compression et comportant un trou oblong dans lequel peut coulisser l'axe de pivotement de la bielle et le second étant solidaire de la tige coulissante.The displacement device has two arms rotatable around an axis, the first being rotated by a tension spring and being connected to the movable contact via a connecting rod pivotable and by an arrangement comprising a guided part in a guide rigidly connected to the contact, urged by a compression spring and having an oblong hole in which can slide the pivot axis of the connecting rod and the second being integral with the sliding rod.
Le dispositif séquenceur comporte au moins une came escamotable par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen de temporisation sur laquelle sont en prise en traction un crochet fixé à l'extrémité libre de la tige coulissante et en prise en poussée un rouleau également fixé à l'extrémité libre de la tige coulissante.The sequencing device comprises at least one cam retractable by means of a time delay on which are in traction a hook fixed to the free end of the sliding rod and engaged push a roller also attached to the free end of the sliding rod.
De préférence, le dispositif séquenceur comporte plusieurs cames escamotables alignées sur une roue rotative soumise à un ressort de rappel et un crochet pivotant sur un axe fixe retenant une de ces cames à l'encontre de l'action du ressort de rappel.Preferably, the sequencing device comprises several retractable cams aligned on a rotating wheel subject to a return spring and a swivel hook on a fixed axis retaining one of these cams against the action of the return spring.
Le dispositif séquenceur comporte également deux cames non escamotables de verrouillage de fin de course.The sequencing device also has two cams non retractable end position locking.
Afin de permettre le réarmement manuel du mécanisme, le dispositif séquenceur comporte un moyen indépendant d'effacement manuel de toutes les cames pour le réarmement de ce dispositif en fin de cycle.In order to allow manual resetting of the mechanism, the sequencing device comprises an independent means manual clearing of all cams for resetting of this device at the end of the cycle.
Afin de permettre le réarmement automatique du mécanisme, le dispositif séquenceur comporte un moyen indépendant d'effacement automatique de toutes les cames pour le réarmement de ce dispositif en cours de cycle, comportant un vérin pneumatique alimenté en gaz, par l'intermédiaire d'une valve pilotée par un temporisateur pneumatique, par une chambre de compression où coulisse un piston lié au dispositif de déplacement.In order to allow automatic resetting of the mechanism, the sequencing device includes a means independent of automatic erasure of all cams to reset this device during the cycle, comprising a pneumatic cylinder supplied with gas, by via a valve controlled by a timer pneumatic, by a compression chamber where a piston linked to the displacement device.
L'invention est décrite ci-après plus en détail à l'aide de figures ne représentant qu'un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention.The invention is described below in more detail at using figures representing only one embodiment preferred of the invention.
La figure 1 est une vue en coupe verticale d'un mécanisme conforme à l'invention monté sur une chambre de coupure sous vide.Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a mechanism according to the invention mounted on a vacuum cutting.
La figure 2 est une vue en coupe verticale du mécanisme conforme à l'invention en position fermée.Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of the mechanism according to the invention in the closed position.
La figure 3 est une vue en coupe verticale du mécanisme conforme à l'invention en début de position ouverte.Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view of the mechanism according to the invention at the start of the position opened.
La figure 4 est une vue en coupe verticale de détail du mécanisme conforme à l'invention en position ouverte. Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view of detail of the mechanism according to the invention in the open position.
La figure 5 est une vue en coupe verticale de détail du mécanisme conforme à l'invention lors de la première fermeture.Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view of detail of the mechanism according to the invention during the first closing.
La figure 6 est une vue en coupe verticale du mécanisme conforme à l'invention en position de fin de première fermeture.Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view of the mechanism according to the invention in the end position first closing.
La figure 7 est une vue en coupe verticale du mécanisme conforme à l'invention en position de deuxième ouverture.Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view of the mechanism according to the invention in second position opening.
La figure 8 est une vue en coupe verticale du mécanisme conforme à l'invention en position de troisième ouverture.Figure 8 is a vertical sectional view of the mechanism according to the invention in third position opening.
La figure 9 est une vue en coupe verticale du mécanisme conforme à l'invention en position de quatrième ouverture et de verrouillage.Figure 9 is a vertical sectional view of the mechanism according to the invention in fourth position opening and locking.
La figure 10 est une vue en coupe verticale de détail du dispositif séquenceur du mécanisme conforme à l'invention.Figure 10 is a vertical sectional view of detail of the sequencing device of the mechanism in accordance with the invention.
La figure 11 est une vue en coupe verticale de détail du dispositif séquenceur du mécanisme conforme à l'invention lors d'un réarmement manuel.Figure 11 is a vertical sectional view of detail of the sequencing device of the mechanism according to the invention during a manual reset.
La figure 12 est une vue en coupe verticale de détail du dispositif séquenceur du mécanisme conforme à l'invention lors d'un réarmement automatique.Figure 12 is a vertical sectional view of detail of the sequencing device of the mechanism according to the invention during an automatic reset.
Le mécanisme d'actionnement est représenté de façon
générale sur la figure 1 où il est monté sur une chambre de
coupure de protection installée sur une ligne électrique et
devant être ouverte à l'apparition d'un seuil de
surintensité sur la ligne (égal par exemple à 10 fois le
courant nominal) selon l'exemple représenté une chambre de
coupure sous vide 1 relié à une première prise de courant
11. L'ensemble est supporté par un isolateur 2 sur une
structure support 3. Le contact mobile de la chambre à vide
1 est solidaire d'une tringle de manoeuvre 4 relié à un
dispositif de déplacement 5 entraÃné par un organe moteur
constitué d'un ressort 6 hélicoïdal conducteur en alliage Ã
mémoire de forme (dit ressort AMF) d'un effort de par
exemple environ 400N et lié électriquement à la ligne par
l'intermédiaire d'une tresse 7 le reliant par une de ses
extrémités à la sortie de la tringle 4. Son échauffement,
lorsqu'il est traversé par ledit seuil de surintensité, est
tel que ledit alliage passe de sa phase martensitique à sa
phase austénitique. En phase martensitique, le ressort 6 est
de forme détendu comme représenté sur la figure 1.The actuation mechanism is shown in a way
general in Figure 1 where it is mounted on a
protective shutdown installed on a power line and
to be open to the appearance of a threshold of
overcurrent on the line (equal for example to 10 times the
nominal current) according to the example shown a
vacuum cut-off 1 connected to a first socket
11. The assembly is supported by an isolator 2 on a
support structure 3. The movable contact of the vacuum chamber
1 is integral with an operating rod 4 connected to a
Le mécanisme permet la refermeture de la chambre de
coupure 1 par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif séquenceur 8
associé au dispositif de déplacement 5 et assurant un cycle
réglable et temporisé d'ouvertures et de fermetures, selon
l'exemple représenté selon un cycle O-2s-FO-10s-FO-20s-F,
et, lorsque le défaut reste présent, il verrouille le
mécanisme en position ouverte.The mechanism allows the chamber to be closed
cut-off 1 via a
Le mécanisme est logé dans un enveloppe 9 qui supporte
une seconde prise de courant 10 reliée par un autre tresse
conductrice 12 à l'autre extrémité du ressort AMF 6.The mechanism is housed in an
Le mécanisme et les différentes phases de ce cycle vont être décrits ci-après plus en détail.The mechanism and the different phases of this cycle will be described below in more detail.
Le dispositif de déplacement 5 va tout d'abord être
décrit, en référence aux figures 2 et suivantes.The
Il comporte un ensemble de bras solidaires et rotatifs
autour d'un axe horizontal, dont un 13 est relié à la sortie
de la tringle 4 et l'autre 14 est relié au ressort AMF 6. Le
bras 13 est relié à la sortie de la tringle 4 par une bielle
15 pivotant à une de ses extrémités sur le bras 13 et Ã
l'autre de ses extrémités dans un agencement à trou oblong
16 et à ressort de compression 17. Le trou oblong 16 est
réalisé dans une pièce 18 guidée verticalement dans un guide
19 fixé rigidement à l'extrémité de la tringle 4 et
sollicitée vers le bas par le ressort de compression 17.
L'axe de pivotement 21 entre le bras 13 et la bielle 15 est
relié à l'extrémité d'un ressort de traction 20 dont l'autre
extrémité est fixé en un point fixe. En position de
fermeture, comme représenté sur la figure 2, l'axe 21 est
tiré par le ressort de traction 20 légèrement à gauche de
l'axe vertical formant l'axe longitudinal de la chambre de
coupure 1 et passant par l'axe de rotation des bras 13 et
14. Le pivot 22 est alors poussé en haut du trou oblong 16.
Dans cette position, la bielle 15 est en butée contre une
pièce de butée fixe 32.It includes a set of integral and rotating arms
around a horizontal axis, one of which 13 is connected to the outlet
rod 4 and the other 14 is connected to the AMF
L'autre bras 14 est relié à son extrémité Ã
l'extrémité libre d'une tige 23 coulissante à l'intérieur du
ressort AMF 6 et porte à cette liaison un rouleau 24 et un
crochet 34 pivotant sur un axe horizontal coopérant tous
deux avec le dispositif séquenceur 8 comme il sera vu plus
loin. La tige 23 porte à son extrémité intérieure au ressort
AMF 6 une butée 25 en prise avec une pièce d'extrémité 26
solidaire du ressort AMF 6. L'autre extrémité du ressort 6
est relié à une partie support 27 fixe.The
Ce dispositif forme un mécanisme à action brusque de
part et d'autre du point mort constitué par l'axe vertical
formant l'axe longitudinal de la chambre de coupure 1 et
passant par l'axe de rotation des bras 13 et 14 et, dans la
première position représentée sur la figure 2, il pousse le
contact mobile de la chambre de coupure 1 en position
fermée. La pièce de butée 32 est réglable et permet de
calibrer la force d'ouverture.This device forms a snap action mechanism
on either side of the dead center formed by the vertical axis
forming the longitudinal axis of the breaking chamber 1 and
passing through the axis of rotation of the
Un troisième bras 28 est solidaire des bras 13 et 14.
Il est quant à lui relié à une tige de piston 29 sollicité
par un ressort de rappel 29A et qui coulissant dans une
chambre cylindrique fixe 30 alimentée en gaz, de préférence
de l'air, en circuit fermé par un agencement de soufflet ou
équivalent comprime du gaz dans un volume de compression 31
prévue dans le boÃtier 9 par l'intermédiaire d'un clapet
anti-retour 30A. La fonction de ce piston 29 et de cette
chambre de compression 30 apparaÃtra plus loin dans la
description.A
Lors de l'apparition d'un courant de défaut et d'un
dépassement du seuil de surintensité, le ressort AMF 6 passe
à sa phase austénitique et prend sa forme comprimée comme
représenté sur la figure 3. Il tire donc la tige 23 par sa
butée d'extrémité 25 et de ce fait fait tourner les bras
solidaires 13, 14 et 28 Ã l'encontre de l'effort du ressort
de traction 20 jusqu'Ã ce que la bielle 15 et/ou le bras 13
vienne en butée contre un seconde pièce de butée fixe 33.
Durant ce déplacement, le pivot 22 se déplace dans le trou
oblong 16 et le ressort 17 est décomprimé. Il est ainsi
réalisé un mouvement accéléré grâce à l'inertie des masses
en déplacement. La butée 33 est de préférence en alliage Ã
mémoire de forme et convertit l'énergie cinétique en
chaleur, minimisant ainsi les effets de rebonds du contact
mobile de la chambre 1. Grâce à l'énergie cinétique
accumulée, le déplacement du contact mobile et l'ouverture
de la chambre de coupure 1 sont alors réalisés à une vitesse
instantanée relativement élevée, par exemple de l'ordre de 1
m/s. Grâce au mécanisme à point mort à ressort de poussée
17, une vitesse maximale d'ouverture est garantie Ã
l'apparition du seuil de surintensité, et l'échauffement du
ressort AMF 6 est ainsi de durée limitée.When a fault current and a
exceeding the overcurrent threshold, the
La chambre 1 étant ouverte, le courant de la ligne est coupée et le ressort AMF 6 se refroidit jusqu'à reprendre sa forme détendu comme représenté sur la figure 4.Room 1 being open, the line current is cut and the AMF 6 spring cools down until it resumes relaxed shape as shown in figure 4.
Le dispositif séquenceur 8 entre alors en action.The
Comme visible sur les figures, ce dispositif
séquenceur 8 comporte trois cames escamotables 81, 82, 83
et deux cames non escamotables de verrouillage de fin de
course 84, 85 alignées sur une roue rotative soumise à un
ressort de rappel non représenté dont l'action tend Ã
entraÃner la roue dans le sens de la flèche F. Un crochet 86
pivotant sur un axe fixe retient une de ces cames Ã
l'encontre de l'action du ressort de rappel.As can be seen in the figures, this
Les trois premières cames 81, 82, 83 sont chacune
escamotables par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen de temporisation
constitué d'un vérin pneumatique 87, 88, 89 comme il sera
précisé plus loin. The first three
En position fermée représentée sur la figure 2, sur la
première came 81 sont en prise en traction le crochet 34 de
la tige 23 et le crochet fixe 86 et en prise en poussée le
rouleau 24 de la tige 23.In the closed position shown in Figure 2, on the
Lors de la compression du ressort AMF 6 et de
l'ouverture de la chambre 1, comme représenté sur la figure
3, la tige 23 est tirée par ce ressort 6 et le crochet 34
tire sur la première came 81 faisant tourner la roue du
dispositif séquenceur dans le sens opposé à la flèche F. Le
crochet fixe 86 vient alors en prise avec la deuxième came
82, maintenant la roue dans cette deuxième position.When compressing the AMF 6 spring and
the opening of chamber 1, as shown in the figure
3, the
Une fois le ressort AMF redétendu, comme représenté
sur la figure 4, le ressort 20 tend à faire tourner le bras
14 dans le sens de la flèche F mais celui-ci est bloqué par
la butée en poussée du rouleau 24 contre la première came 81
retenu par le vérin 87. Ce vérin comporte un orifice
d'expulsion d'air calibré pour temporiser l'escamotage de la
came 81 selon un laps de temps de par exemple 2 secondes.Once the AMF spring has been extended, as shown
in Figure 4, the
Cette situation est représentée en détail sur la
figure 5. Après ledit laps de temps, le vérin 87 libère la
came 81 qui s'escamote vers l'intérieur de la roue en
pivotant autour de l'axe 81A. Le rouleau 24 passe donc cette
première came 81, le bras 14 étant entraÃné en rotation par
l'action du ressort 20. La rotation continue alors jusqu'Ã
ce que la bialle 15 vienne en appui sur la butée 32 et le
crochet 34 vienne s'accrocher à la came 82, comme représenté
sur la figure 6.This situation is shown in detail on the
Figure 5. After said time, the
Dans la position de la figure 6 ainsi atteinte, les
bras solidaires 14, 13, 28 sont revenus à leur position
initiale et le contact mobile de la chambre 1 est repoussé
en position fermée dans un premier temps et dans un second
temps grâce à l'énergie cinétique accumulée le ressort 17
est recomprimé et le point mort refranchi par le dispositif
de déplacement 5. La première refermeture temporisée est
ainsi réalisée. In the position of Figure 6 thus reached, the
Le ressort AMF 6 est donc de nouveau relié à la ligne
et si le courant de défaut est toujours présent, il
recommence à chauffer et à changer de forme et la phase
d'ouverture précédemment décrite recommence comme représenté
sur la figure 7. Cette fois, c'est la deuxième came 82 qui
est tirée par le crochet de la tige 34. Le crochet fixe 86
vient en prise avec la troisième came 83. Lors du
refroidissement suivant du ressort AMF 6, c'est le vérin
temporisateur 88 présentant un orifice d'expulsion d'air
réglé par exemple à 10 secondes, qui régule l'escamotage de
la came 82 et le retour à la position fermée de la chambre
1.The
Si le courant de défaut est encore présent, les phases
d'ouverture et de fermeture recommencent de la même façon,
la phase d'ouverture étant représentée sur la figure 8.
C'est maintenant la troisième came 83 qui est déplacée et le
vérin 89 qui temporise son escamotage à par exemple 20
secondes, pour la refermeture, le crochet fixe 86 retenant
la quatrième came 84 non escamotable.If the fault current is still present, the phases
open and close again in the same way,
the opening phase being represented in FIG. 8.
The
Si le courant de défaut est toujours présent, a alors
lieu la phase d'ouverture et de verrouillage. La phase
d'ouverture est identique aux précédentes, mais une fois le
ressort AMF 6 refroidi et revenu à sa position détendue,
comme représenté sur la figure 9, la came 84 non escamotable
bloque le rouleau 24 et le mécanisme est verrouillé en
position d'ouverture de la chambre 1.If the fault current is still present, then a
the opening and locking phase. The sentence
is identical to the previous ones, but once the
Dans le cas précédemment décrit où le courant de
défaut a entraÃné quatre phases d'ouverture, le mécanisme
est donc verrouillé et son réarmement s'opère manuellement.
Pour ce faire, comme visible sur la figure 10, les cames
sont liées à un disque 90 solidaire d'une perche 91. Ce
disque 90 est tournant sur la même axe horizontal que la
roue supportant les cames 81 à 85. Ces dernières sont
supportées avec pivotement 81A à 85A à l'extrémité de rayons
de cette roue avec une articulation intermédiaire 81B à 85B
reliées au disque 90. Plus précisément, chaque rayon fixe
81C à 85C de la roue supporte à son extrémité un bras
support intermédiaire 81D à 85D avec pivotement selon un axe
horizontal et c'est à l'extrémité de ce bras intermédiaire
qu'est reliée en pivotement chaque came. En position de
fonctionnement, les bras intermédiaires 81D à 83D sont
retenus en alignement avec les rayons fixes 81C à 83C grâce
à la poussée des vérins de temporisation 87 à 89 dont la
tige est reliée à l'extrémité des cames escamotables 81 à 83
opposée à celle pivotant autour des axes 81A à 83A. Les
cames de verrouillage 84 et 85 quant à elles sont retenues
avec pivotement à leur extrémité libre sur un support fixe
non représenté.In the previously described case where the current of
fault resulted in four opening phases, the mechanism
is therefore locked and resetting takes place manually.
To do this, as shown in Figure 10, the cams
are linked to a
Lorsque l'opérateur tire vers le bas la perche 91
comme représenté sur la figure 11, il fait donc tourner
selon la flèche F1 le disque 90 et donc les articulations
81B à 85B qui lui sont liées. Les bras 81D à 85D sont donc
déplacés vers l'intérieur de la roue et les cames 81 à 85
sont effacées, libérant le crochet fixe 86, le crochet 34 et
le rouleau 24. Le dispositif de déplacement est libéré est
referme la chambre 1 et le ressort de rappel sollicitant la
roue support de cames ramène celle-ci selon la flèche F en
position d'origine représentée sur la figure 2.When the operator pulls down the
Au cas où le courant de défaut disparaÃt au cours du
déroulement des phases décrites précédemment, lors de la
phase de refermeture suivante, le ressort AMF 6 n'est plus
traversé par une surintensité et donc ne prend plus sa forme
comprimée et la chambre 1 reste fermée. La ligne est alors
en fonctionnement normal et il faut réarmer le dispositif
séquenceur seul pour revenir à la position d'origine
représentée sur la figure 2. Le mécanisme comporte un
agencement de réarmement automatique destiné à cette
opération.In the event that the fault current disappears during the
progress of the phases described above, during the
next closing phase, the
Cet agencement comporte le piston 29 déjà décrit. En
coulissant dans la chambre cylindrique fixe 30, il comprime
du gaz dans le volume de compression 31. Cette compression a
lieu à chaque ouverture de la chambre 1. Après une
temporisation légèrement supérieure au temps total des
séquences temporisées réalisée grâce à une valve 92A pilotée
par un temporisateur pneumatique 92B et reliée par un tuyau
d'une part au volume de compression 31 et d'autre part à un
vérin 92, ce gaz comprimé alimente ce vérin 92 visible sur
la figure 10. Ce vérin 92 est fixé sur le disque 90 et sa
tige est liée à la roue support des cames 81 à 85. Alimenté
en pression, ce vérin 92 fait tourner la roue support et les
cames 81 à 83 sont. déplacées vers l'intérieur, comme
représenté sur la figure 12, les articulations 81B à 83B
étant coulissées dans des lumières oblongues 81E à 83E
aménagées dans le disque 90. Les crochets 34, 86 et le
rouleau 24 sont ainsi libérés et la roue du séquenceur
revient en position d'origine par l'action de son ressort de
rappel. Un ressort 93 ramène ensuite les cames en position
active.This arrangement includes the
Il est à noter que cet effacement automatique n'est Ã
prévoir que pour les trois cames escamotables 81 à 83 comme
visible sur la figure 12, puisque le cycle est interrompu
avant le verrouillage par les deux dernières cames 84 et 85.
La roue support avantageusement est donc formée de deux
parties distinctes l'une portant les trois cames
escamotables 81 Ã 83 et l'autre portant les deux cames de
verrouillage 84 et 85, l'agencement de réarmement
automatique ne concernant que les trois premières cames 81 Ã
83.It should be noted that this automatic deletion is only
provide that for the three
Claims (8)
- An actuating mechanism for actuating the moving contact of a protective interrupting chamber (1) which is installed on a high-voltage or medium-voltage power line and which is to be opened when a current in excess of a surge current threshold flows through line, the mechanism including a drive member for driving a displacement device (5) for displacing the contact, said drive member being a conductive helical spring (6) made of a shape memory alloy and electrically coupled to the line, a current in excess of said surge current threshold passing through the spring heating said spring to such an extent that said alloy goes from its martensitic phase to its austenitic phase, said mechanism being characterized in that the mechanism enables the interrupting chamber (1) to be re-closed by means of a sequencer device (8) associated with the displacement device (5), and providing an adjustable and timed opening and closing cycle.
- An actuating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the displacement device (5) is a snap-acting mechanism toggling on either side of a dead center, it is connected to the moving contact, and it is displaceable from a first position, in which it pushes the contact to the closed position, to a second position in which it pulls the contact to the open position under the effect of the spring (6) made of a shape memory alloy being compressed, which spring is connected at one of its ends to a fixed support portion (27), and at its other end to the displacement device (5) via a rod (23) mounted to slide inside the spring (6) and coming into abutment at said other end when the spring (6) is relaxed.
- An actuating mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the displacement device (5) includes two arms (13, 14) comprising a single part that is mounted to rotate about an axis, a first one of the arms (13) being urged to rotate by a traction spring (20) and being connected to the moving contact via a pivotally-mounted connection rod (15), and via a unit comprising a guided part (18) that is guided in a guide (19) rigidly connected to the contact, which guided part is urged by a compression spring (17) and is provided with an oblong hole (16) along which the pivot pin (22) of the connection rod (15) can slide, and the second arm (14) being secured to the slidably-mounted rod (23).
- An actuating mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the sequencer device (8) includes at least one retractable cam (81, 82, 83) that is retractable via time-delay means (87, 88, 89), against which cam a catch (34) fixed to the free end of the slidably-mounted rod (23) is engaged in traction, and against which cam a roller (24) also fixed to the free end of the slidably-mounted rod (23) is engaged in thrust.
- An actuating mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that the sequencer device (8) includes a plurality of retractable cams (81, 82, 83) lined up around a rotary wheel subjected to a return spring, and a catch (86) mounted to pivot about a fixed axis and retaining one of the cams against the action of the return spring.
- An actuating mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that the sequencer device (8) also includes two non-retractable end-of-stroke locking cams (84, 85).
- An actuating mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that the sequencer device (8) includes independent means for manually disengaging all of the cams so as to reset the mechanism at the end of a cycle.
- An actuating mechanism according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the sequencer device (8) includes independent means for automatically disengaging the cams so as to reset the mechanism during a cycle, which means comprise a pneumatic actuator (92) fed with gas via a valve (92A) controlled by a pneumatic time-delay member (92B), via a compression chamber (31) in which a piston (29) coupled to the displacement device (5) is slidably mounted.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9401071A FR2715763B1 (en) | 1994-02-01 | 1994-02-01 | Mechanism for actuating a protective switch-off chamber. |
FR9401071 | 1994-02-01 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0665564A1 EP0665564A1 (en) | 1995-08-02 |
EP0665564B1 true EP0665564B1 (en) | 1998-01-14 |
Family
ID=9459612
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95400197A Expired - Lifetime EP0665564B1 (en) | 1994-02-01 | 1995-01-30 | Driving mechanism for a protective breaker |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5563390A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0665564B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE162335T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2141505C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69501407T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0665564T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2112017T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2715763B1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11695240B2 (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2023-07-04 | International Business Machines Corporation | Retractable EMC protection |
US11751362B2 (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2023-09-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Thermally activated retractable EMC protection |
US11871550B2 (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2024-01-09 | International Business Machines Corporation | Motor controlled retractable EMC protection |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6473404B1 (en) | 1998-11-24 | 2002-10-29 | Connect One, Inc. | Multi-protocol telecommunications routing optimization |
US6916115B1 (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2005-07-12 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | System and device for characterizing shape memory alloy wires |
DE10325141B3 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2004-12-02 | Siemens Ag | Arrangement with a vacuum circuit breaker |
US9543103B2 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2017-01-10 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Activation of human-protecting safety mechanisms using smart materials |
EP3111463B1 (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2017-12-06 | Labinal, LLC | Circuit interruption device employing shape memory alloy element |
WO2018115026A1 (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-06-28 | Eaton Industries (Austria) Gmbh | Mechanism for opening and closing a circuit breaker |
US11069495B2 (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2021-07-20 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Vacuum switching apparatus and drive mechanism therefor |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2431761A1 (en) * | 1978-07-21 | 1980-02-15 | Delta Materials Research Ltd | IMPROVED ELECTRIC CIRCUIT BREAKER |
CH627876A5 (en) * | 1980-07-08 | 1982-01-29 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Timer. |
US4570143A (en) * | 1984-09-07 | 1986-02-11 | Eaton Corporation | Thermally actuated variable-rating circuit breaker having selectively connectable heater elements |
FR2589001A1 (en) * | 1985-10-23 | 1987-04-24 | Alsthom | DEVICE FOR MANEUVERING A CIRCUIT BREAKER AND CIRCUIT BREAKER PROVIDED WITH SAID DEVICE |
US4713643A (en) * | 1986-12-23 | 1987-12-15 | Raychem Corporation | Low loss circuit breaker and actuator mechanism therefor |
JPH0353040Y2 (en) * | 1987-05-30 | 1991-11-19 | ||
WO1989003116A1 (en) * | 1987-09-29 | 1989-04-06 | Weber Ag, Fabrik Elektrotechnischer Artikel Und Ap | Release mechanism for protective switches |
-
1994
- 1994-02-01 FR FR9401071A patent/FR2715763B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-01-27 US US08/379,965 patent/US5563390A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-01-30 DK DK95400197.0T patent/DK0665564T3/en active
- 1995-01-30 EP EP95400197A patent/EP0665564B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-01-30 DE DE69501407T patent/DE69501407T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-01-30 ES ES95400197T patent/ES2112017T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-01-30 AT AT95400197T patent/ATE162335T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-01-31 CA CA002141505A patent/CA2141505C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11695240B2 (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2023-07-04 | International Business Machines Corporation | Retractable EMC protection |
US11751362B2 (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2023-09-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Thermally activated retractable EMC protection |
US11871550B2 (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2024-01-09 | International Business Machines Corporation | Motor controlled retractable EMC protection |
US11968809B2 (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2024-04-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Thermally activated retractable EMC protection |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2715763B1 (en) | 1996-03-29 |
CA2141505A1 (en) | 1995-08-02 |
DE69501407T2 (en) | 1998-04-23 |
DE69501407D1 (en) | 1998-02-19 |
ES2112017T3 (en) | 1998-03-16 |
CA2141505C (en) | 1998-12-01 |
US5563390A (en) | 1996-10-08 |
FR2715763A1 (en) | 1995-08-04 |
EP0665564A1 (en) | 1995-08-02 |
DK0665564T3 (en) | 1998-03-30 |
ATE162335T1 (en) | 1998-01-15 |
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