EP0602478A1

EP0602478A1 - Novel process for producing N4-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives

Info

Publication number: EP0602478A1
Application number: EP93119528A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Takashi Kamiya; Makoto Ishiduka; Hiroshi Nakajima
Original assignee: F Hoffmann La Roche AG; Fuji Chemical Industries Co Ltd
Current assignee: F Hoffmann La Roche AG; Fuji Chemical Industries Co Ltd
Priority date: 1992-12-18
Filing date: 1993-12-03
Publication date: 1994-06-22
Anticipated expiration: 2013-12-03
Also published as: JP3530218B2; DK0602478T3; JPH07300492A; RU2131879C1; EP0602478B1; CN1095070A; DE69303879T2; KR940014429A; JP2004123758A; CA2110335C; DE69303879D1; JP4202274B2; TW254946B; ATE140923T1; KR100343481B1; ES2093905T3; CY2154B1; US5453497A; CA2110335A1; CN1035675C

Abstract

A novel process for producing N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives using the novel 5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N⁴,2'-O,3'-O-triacylcytidine derivatives are provided.
5-Deoxy-1,2,3-tri-O-acyl-β-D-ribofuranoside is reacted with 5-fluorocytosine to produce 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acyl-5-fluorocytidine, followed by acylation. The acyl radicals of the obtained 5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N⁴,2'-O,3'-O-triacylcytidine derivatives are selectively de-O-acylated to obtain N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives. From fluorocytosine, N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives can be obtained through very few steps in high yield.

Description

This invention relates to a novel process for producing N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives which is a useful compound as a drug. More particularly, said process is novel process utilizing novel 5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N⁴-2'-O,3'-O-triacylcytidine derivatives as intermediates.
N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives represented by the formula set forth below are compounds having antitumor activity [Japanese Journal of Cancer Research, Vol. 81, PP. 188 ∼ 195 (1990)]:

wherein R² is an alkyl radical, a cycloalkyl radical, an alkenyl radical, an aralkyl radical, an aryl radical or an alkoxy radical.
A process for producing said compounds starting from 5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine is described in Japanese Patent Application Kokai No. 153,696/1989.
In order to selectively introduce an acyl radical (R²CO) into an amino radical of this compound, this method goes through the steps of firstly introducing a protective radical such as an isopropylidene radical, a silyl radical or the like into a hydroxy radical in the sugar part of this compound, subsequently acylating an amino radical in the cytosine-base part and finally eliminating the protective radical using an acid catalyst or the like.

wherein R² is the same as above.
That is, the above production method comprises ① a step of introduction of a protective radical into a hydroxy radical of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine, ② acylation of an amino radical and ③ elimination of said protective radical. In said steps, a protective radical which is an unnecessary radical in the molecular structure of the final compound, must be introduced and eliminated.
In addition, 5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine as a starting substance is produced, for example, from 5-fluorocytosine through 5-fluorocytidine [Chem Pharm Bull., Vol. 26, No. 10, P. 2,990 (1978)]. However, this method requires many steps (cf. Japanese Patent Publication No. 34,479/1983).

Anyway, the conventional production methods of N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives involves steps in which protection of an hydroxy radical in the sugar part and/or an amino radical in the cytosine part with a suitable protective radical(s) and elimination of said protective radical(s) after completion of the desired reactions must be carried out repeatedly according to respective steps, so that it is difficult to say that they are easily performable methods on an industrial scale.
This invention purposes to provide a novel production process by which the above N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives of formula V can be produced very simply and easily.
The present inventors made a study of an industrially advantageous process for producing N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives. As the result, they succeeded in providing a production process of said derivatives using easily available 5-fluorocytosine through very few steps, in excellent yields and at satisfactory purities, as compared with the conventional. In the novel production process to be provided by the present inventors, a novel compound represented by the following general formula (IV),

wherein R¹ is a lower alkyl radical, an aryl radical or an aryl radical which may have (a) substituent(s) and R² is an alkyl radical, a cycloalkyl radical, an alkenyl radical, an aralkyl radical, an aryl radical or an alkoxy radical,
is used, and a step of selectively eliminating only an acyl radical from its sugar part constitutes a very significant characteristic step. And, because of this characteristic step, N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives can be produced by a process adopting very few steps and in excellent yields, as compared with the conventional processes.
The above characteristic step of carrying out deacylation selectively has such an exceptional characteristic advantage as is unexpectable from the conventional techniques in operation and yield and the purity of the product.
Generally, it is known that an O-acyl radical is eliminated mainly when N⁴,O-acylcytidine derivatives with an alkali. However, the cutting of an N-acyl radical also takes place, so that complicated operations of separation and purification is required in order to obtain a compound from which an O-acyl radical alone has been eliminated at a satisfactory purity [J. H. van Boom et al, Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 4 (4), PP. 1,047 ∼ 1,063 (1977)].
An N⁴-acyl radical of N⁴,O-acylcytidine derivative is relatively easily cut. In case, for example, of N⁴,2'-O,3'-O,5'-O-tetracylcytidine derivative, it is known that an N-acyl radical alone can be eliminated selectively only by merely heating the same in alcohol (cf. Japanese Patent Application Kokai No. 23,085/1977).
In addition, it is also known that, when 5-fluoro-N⁴,2'-O,3'-O,5'-O-tetracylcytidine derivative is treated with 0.5N-sodium methoxide in methanol at room temperature, all acyl radicals are eliminated to turn into 5-fluorocytidine [Chem Pharm Bull., Vol. 26, No. 10, P. 2,990 (1978)].
By the present inventors, it was found that only an acyl radical in the sugar part of 5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N⁴,2'-O,3'-O-triacylcytidine derivative could be selectively eliminated efficiently, whereby N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives could be obtained by a method involving very few steps in excellent yields. These findings are such astonishing as is unexpectable from the above conventionally know techniques.
According to the present invention, the following process for producing N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine is provided firstly:
A process for producing N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives represented by the general formula (V),

wherein R² is an alkyl radical, a cycloalkyl radical, an alkenyl radical, an aralkyl radical, an aryl radical or an alkoxy radical,
characterized by reacting 5-fluorocytosine with a compound represented by the general formula (II),

wherein R¹ is a lower alkyl radical, an aryl radical or an aryl radical which may have(a)substituent(s) and Y is a halogen atom, an acyloxy radical or an alkoxy radical,
to produce a compound represented by the general formula
(III),

wherein R¹ is the same as defined above,
acylating the amino radical of this compound to produce a compound represented by the general formula (IV),

wherein R¹ and R² are the same as defined above, and selectively deacylating only the R¹CO radical of this compound.
In addition, the present invention provides the following production process secondly:
A process for producing N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives represented by the general formula (V),

wherein R² is an alkyl radical, a cycloalkyl radical, an alkenyl radical, an aralkyl radical, an aryl radical or an alkoxy radical,
characterized by acylating the amino radical of 5-fluorocytosine to introduce an R²CO radical thereinto to produce a compound represented by the general formula (VI),

wherein R² is the same as defined above,
reacting this compound with a compound represented by the general formula (II),

wherein R¹ is a lower alkyl radical, an aryl radical or an aryl radical which may have(a)substituent(s) and Y is a halogen atom, an acyloxy radical or an alkoxy radical,
to produce a compound represented by the general formula (IV),

wherein R¹ and R² are the same as defined above,
and selectively deacylating only R¹CO radicals of this compound.
The above first process is represented by the following reaction formula:

According to the first process of the present invention, N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives can be produced using easily available 5-fluorocytosine as a starting material through very few steps, by simple operations, in excellent yields and at satisfactory purities.
Next, the reaction conditions will be described.
The compound of the general formula (III) can be obtained by reacting a silylation derivative of 5-fluorcytosine with a compound of the general formula (II) in a solvent in the presence of a catalyst generally at a suitable temperature of 0 ∼ 100°C.
The silylation derivative of 5-fluorocytosine can be obtained by making a silylating agent react with 5-fluorocytosine according to a conventional method.
As the above silylating agent, hexamethyldisilazane, trimethylchlorosilane or the like can be enumerated. The amount of a silylating agent to be used is preferably 0.5 ∼ 2 moles per mole of 5-fluorocytosine.
The reaction time for the above silylation, though it depends upon conditions such as kind of starting materials, reaction temperature, kind of base substances, kind of solvents, etc., is usually several hours.
As solvents to be used for the above condensation reaction, for example, benzene, toluene, xylene, chloroform, methylene chloride, dichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloropropane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, acetonitrile, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, etc. can be enumerated.
In the compound of the general formula (II), R¹ denotes a lower alkyl radical, an aryl radical or an aryl radical which may have a substituent(s). As examples of the above radicals, a methyl radical, an ethyl radical, a propyl radical, an isopropyl radical, a butyl radical, a isobutyl radical or the like for the lower alkyl radical; a phenyl radical for the aryl radical; and a methylphenyl radical, a nitrophenyl radical, a halogenophenyl radical or the like for the aryl radical which may have a substituent(s) can be enumerated.
Y means a halogen atom, e.g., fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine; an acyloxy radical, e.g., alkanoyloxy and benzoyloxy whose acyloxy radicals have 2 ∼ 6 carbon atoms, a benzoyloxy radical carrying on its ring a substituent such as a methyl radical, a methoxy radical, a nitro radical, a halogen radical, etc. or the like; and an alkoxy radical, e.g., methoxy, ethoxy or the like.
Said compound is obtained from methyl(5-deoxy-2,3-O-isopropylidene)-D-ribofuranoside which can be obtained from D-ribose (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 40,239/1986). As examples thereof, 5-deoxy-1,2,3-tri-O-acyl-D-ribofuranoside, D-deoxy-2,3-di-O-acyl-1-O-methyl-D-ribofuranoside, 5-deoxy-2,3-di-O-acyl-1-halogeno-D-ribofuranoside, etc. can be enumerated.
As examples of the catalyst, Lewis's acids such as tin tetrachloride, zinc chloride, boron fluoride, boron fluoride etherate, aluminum chloride, titanium tetrachloride, antimony chloride, ferric chloride, tin tetrabromide, zinc bromide, zirconium tetrachloride, silver nitrate, etc.; trifluoromethanesulfonic acid; trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate; ρ-toluenesulfonic acid; 2,4-dinitrophenol; etc. can be enumerated.
In addition, the compound of the general formula (III) can be obtained by reacting the compound of the general formula (II) using the aforementioned solvents, catalysts, etc. at a suitable temperature of 0 ∼ 100°C, without silylating 5-fluorocytosine.
The compound of the general formula (III) can be also obtained by heating to melt silylated 5-fluorocytosine or 5-fluorocytosine and the compound of the general formula (II) in the presence of a catalyst, e.g., ρ-toluenesulfonic acid, 2,4-dinitorphenol or the like, without using a solvent.
The acylation of the compound of the general formula (III) obtained according to the above process is carried out usually by reacting said compound with an activated carboxylic acid derivative represented by the general formula (VII),

R²CO-Z (VII)

wherein R² is the same as above and Z is a leaving radical,
in a solvent in the presence of a base substance at a suitable temperature.
As examples of the above activated carboxylic acid derivative, an acid halide, an active ester, an acid ester, an acid anhydride, a mixed acid anhydride, etc. can be enumerated. Said activated carboxylic acid derivative can be produced according to a conventional method.
The amount of the compound of the general formula (VII) is suitably at least 1 mole per mole of the compound of the general formula (III).
The compound of the general formula (IV) can be also produced by reacting a compound of the general formula (III) and a carboxylic acid represented by the general formula

R²-COOH

wherein R² is the same as above,
with the addition of a condensing agent, e.g., diethyl cyanophosphate, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, ρ-toluenesulfonyl chloride, methanesulfonyl chloride or the like, if necessary, in the presence of a base according to a conventional method.
The amount of the condensing agent is suitably at least 1 mole per mole each of the above carboxylic acids.
The reaction time, though depending upon conditions such as kind of starting materials, reaction temperature, kind of bases, kind of solvents, etc., is usually several minutes to about 20 hours.
As examples of the base to be used for the above reaction, organic bases such as triethylamine, tributylamine, pyridine, N,N-dimethylaminopyridine, lutidine, N-methyl-morphorine, etc. and inorganic bases such as hydroxides, carbonates or alkoxides of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, e.g., sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium methoxide or their lithium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt, barium salt, etc. can be enumerated.
In this specification, the alkyl radical of R² means a straight chain or branched chain alkyl radical carrying 1 ∼ 22 carbon atoms, for example, a methyl radical, an ethyl radical, a propyl radical, an isopropyl radical, a butyl radical, an isobutyl radical, a sec-butyl radical, a tert-butyl radical, a pentyl radical, an isopentyl radical, a neopentyl radical, a hexyl radical, an isohexyl radical, a heptyl radical, an octyl radical, a nonyl radical, a decyl radical, an undecyl radical, a dodecyl radical, a tridecyl radical, a tetradecyl radical, a pentadecyl radical, a hexadecyl radical, a heptadecyl radical, a nonadecyl radical, etc.
The cycloalkyl radical, for example, means a cyclopropyl radical, a cyclobutyl radical, a cyclopentyl radical, a cyclohexyl radical, an adamantyl radical or the like.
Then alkenyl radical means an alkenyl carrying 2 ∼ 22 carbon atoms and having or not having(a)substituent(s), for example, an allyl radical, a 1-propenyl radical, a butenyl radical, a 3-methyl-2-butenyl radical, a 1-methyl-2-propenyl radical, a hexenyl radical, a decenyl radical, an undecenyl radical, a tridecenyl radical, a pentadecenyl radical, a heptadecenyl radical, a heptadecadienyl radical, a pentatridecatrienyl radical, a nonadecenyl radical, a nonadecadienyl radical, a nonadecatetraenyl radical, a 2-phenylvinyl radical, etc.
The aralkyl radical means an aralkyl radical having or not having a substituent(s), for example, a benzyl radical, a 1-phenylethyl radical, a methylbenzyl radical, a fluorobenzyl radical, a chlorobenzyl radical, a methoxybenzyl radical, a dimethoxybenzyl radical, a nitrobenzyl radical, a phenethyl radical, a picolyl radical, a 3-indolylmethyl radical, or the like.
The aryl radical means an aryl radical having or not having(a)substituent(s), for example, phenyl radical, a tolyl radical, a xylyl radical, a mesityl radical, a cumenyl radical, an ethylphenyl radical, a fluorophenyl radical, a chlorophenyl radical, a bromophenyl radical, an iodophenyl radical, a difluorophenyl radical, a dichlorophenyl radical, a methoxyphenyl radical, a dimethoxyphenyl radical, a trimethoxyphenyl radical, an ethoxyphenyl radical, a diethoxyphenyl radical, a triethoxyphenyl radical, a propoxyphenyl radical, a methylenedioxyphenyl radical, a (methylthio)phenyl radical, a nitrophenyl radical, a cyanophenyl radical, an acetylphenyl radical, a carbamoylphenyl radical, a methoxycabamoylphenyl radical, a naphthyl radical, a biphenylyl radical, a thienyl radical, a methyl thienyl radical, a furyl radical, a nitrofuryl radical, a pyrrolyl radical, a methylpyrrolyl radical, an imidazolyl radical, a pyrazolyl radical, a pyridyl radical, a methylpyridyl radical, a pyrazinyl radical, or the like.
The alkoxy radical means, for example, a methoxy radical, an ethoxy radical, a propoxy radical, a butoxy radical, a pentyloxy radical, a hexyloxy radical an octyloxy radical, a nonyloxy radical, etc.
As solvents to be used for the above acylation, polar or non-polar solvents such as acetonitrile, chloroform, dichloroethane, methylene chloride, nitromethane, toluene, dimethyl formamide, acetone, dimethyl acetoamide, hexamethyl phosphoamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, pyridine, lutidine, etc. can be enumerated.
In the above production process, the reaction proceeds very readily, and the compound of the general formula (IV) is obtained at a satisfactory purity and in good yields usually by treating the reaction solution according to an conventional method and then adding an appropriate solvent to the residue to recrystallize the same readily. In addition, the compound is obtained at good purity and in good yields, so that it can be used for the reaction in the next step as it is without particularly conducting isolation.
As solvents to be used for recrystallization, for example, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, etc.; ethers such as isopropyl ether, etc.; methyl acetate; ethyl acetate; etc. can be enumerated.
In addition, by the recrystallization, if necessary, more highly purified compound can be obtained readily.
Next, the reaction for producing N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives from the compound of the general formula (IV) obtained according to the above process will be described.
The present inventors found that only acyl of an O-acyl radical was selectively eliminated from the compound of the general formula (IV) in a solvent in the presence of a base to give N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives represented by the above formula (V).
This reaction is represented by the following reaction formula:

wherein R¹ and R² are the same as above.
In the above production processes according to the present invention, the above characteristic step in that the compound of the general formula (IV) is selectively deacylated in a solvent in the presence of a base is involved.
The reaction temperature in this characteristic step is not restricted because it is selected from various range in accordance with conditions such as kind of materials, kind of solvents, kind of bases, concentration of the respective bases, etc. Usually, it is at or below room temperature, preferably between 0°C and 30°C.
The reaction time, though depending upon conditions such as kind of starting materials, reaction temperature, kind of bases, kind of solvents, etc., is usually within the range of several minutes to about 20 hours.
The bases are dissolved in water or an organic solvent or a mixed solution of water and an organic solvent and used for the reaction.
As the bases, both inorganic bases and organic bases can be used.
As the inorganic bases, hydroxides, carbonates or alkoxide of alkali metal or alkaline earth metals such as sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium methoxide, or their lithium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt, barium salt, etc. can be enumerated. And, as the organic bases, ammonia, triethylamine, DBU, tetramethylammonium hydroxide, strongly basic anion exchange resins (OH⁻ type), etc. can can be enumerated.
These bases can be used at a suitable concentration. However, it is usually preferred to used the same as a solution of 0.4 ∼ 2N.
In addition, the amount of the base, though depending upon kind and combination of solvents to be used, is a suitable amount to 1 mole equivalent of the compound of the general formula (IV), preferably within the range of 1 to 4 mole equivalents.
The solvents to be used are polar or non-polar solvents, for example, water; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, isopropanol; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane; acetones; acid amides such as dimethyl formamide, carbon halogenides such as methylene chloride, chloroform, etc.; aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene, etc. These can be used independently or in combination.
In case of using heterogeneous system, e.g., water and methylene chloride, etc., the aimed product can be obtained in satisfactory yields.
In addition, when solvents are of heterogeneous systems, the reaction may be carried out by adding a phase-transfer catalyst.
After the completion of reaction, the compound of the general formula (V) is obtained according to conventional separation and purification methods. The separation and the purification methods of the compound of the general formula (V) are not specified, so that they can be carried out by combining means to be used for conventional separation and purification.
As the above bases, it is advantageous industrially to use inorganic bases which are inexpensive.
As described above, the selective deacylation step as is characteristic of the present production process has an industrially very significant advantage because the compound of the formula (V) can be produced from the compound of the general formula (IV) by using an inexpensive base, by simple procedures, at good purity and at satisfactory yields.
The yields in respective steps of the above production process according to the present invention are very high. In addition, imtermediates to be obtained in the respective steps can be also transferred to the respective following steps.
The aforementioned novel compounds represented by the general formula (IV) can be produced from 5-fluorocytosine also according to the following process.
That is, it can be produced by acylating 5-fluorocytosine and then reacting the obtained compound of the general formula (VI)

wherein R² is the same as above,
i.e. N⁴-acyl- 5-fluorocytosine derivative with the compound of the general formula (II).
Therefore, the second process as describe above is provided by the present invention.
To explain this acylation of 5-fluorocytosine, this reaction is carried out by reacting 5-fluorocytosine with the aforementioned above compound of the general formula (VII) in a solvent at a suitable temperature between room temperature to reflux temperature according to a conventional method.
The reaction time, though depending upon conditions such as kind of starting materials, reaction temperature, kind of bases, kind of solvents, etc., is usually several ten minutes to several hours.
As solvents, those used in the acylation in the aforementioned first process are used.
The amount of acylating agent is suitably at least 1 mole per mole of 5-fluorocytosine.
The compound of the general formula (IV) can be obtained by silylating the compound of the general formula (VI) obtained according to the above production process, i.e. N⁴- acyl-5-fluorocytosine derivative by using the aforementioned silylating agent and then reacting the resulting compound with the compound of the general formula (II) in a solvent or in the absence of a solvent in the presence of a catalyst.
The reaction of the compound of the general formula (VI) or a silylation derivative of the compound of the general formula (VI) with the compound of the general formula (II) can be carried out under the same conditions as the aforementioned conditions for reacting 5-fluorocytosine with the compound of the general formula (II).
The amount of the silylating agent to be used is preferably 0.5 ∼ 2 moles per mole of the compound of the general formula (VI).
The reaction is usually carried out at or below room temperature. If necessary, ice-cooling may be adopted.
The reaction time, though depending upon conditions such as kind of starting materials, reaction temperature, kind of solvents, etc., is several hours usually.
The production process of a compound represented by the above formula (IV) is represented by the following reaction formula:

wherein R¹ and R² are the same as above.
The compound of the general formula (IV) can be obtained also by reacting the compound of the general formula (VI) with the compound of the general formula (II) in or without a solvent in the presence of a catalyst in the same manner as aforementioned.
The compounds represented by the general formula (IV) are novel compounds.
Hereinafter, typical compounds of formula IV will be exemplified.
5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-palmitoylcytidine,
5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-octylocycalbonylcytidine,
5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3-methylbenzoyl)cytidine,
5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine,
5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(2-methoxybenzoyl)cytidine,
N⁴-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluorocytidine,
5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(4-nitrobenzoyl)cytidine,
5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(2-furoyl)cytidine,
5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(nicotinoyl)cytidine,
5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(2-thenoyl)cytidine,
N⁴-crotonoyl-5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluorocytidine,
N⁴-cyclohexanecarbonyl-5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluorocytidine,
5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acety-5-fluoro-N⁴-(phenylacetyl)cytidine, and,
5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-4-toluoyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine.
Hereinafter, the present process will be described specifically, referring to examples.

Examples

Example 1

25.8g of 5-fluorocytosine was suspended in 103mℓ of toluene and 32.3g of hexamethyldisilazane. The mixture was heated to react at 110°C for 3 hours. After concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure, 330mℓ of methylene chloride and 59.3g of 5-deoxy-1,2,3-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-ribofranoside were added to the residue. Then, 62.5g of anhydrous stannic chloride was added dropwise thereto over a period of 10 minutes while ice-cooling. After stirring the mixture at room temperature for additional 2 hours, 101g of sodium bicarbonate was added, and followed by dropwise addition of 35mℓ of water thereto over a period of 20 minutes. After stirring the resulting mixture at room temperature for 3 hours, insoluble material was filtered out and the filtrate was washed with 100mℓ of 4% sodium bicarbonate solution. After removal of the solvent under reduced pressure, the residue was recrystallized by adding 180mℓ of isopropanol thereto. Then, crystals were collected to obtain 49.9g (76%) of 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluorocytidine.
The melting point of a product after recrystallization of the above crystals from isopropanol was 191.5 ∼ 193.2°C.
UV Absorption Spectrum:
λ_max (H₂O) nm: 278 (ε=7,800), 239 (ε=8,800), 193 (ε=19,100)
Optical Rotation:
[α]_D(20°C): +86 (CHCℓ₃, C=1)
¹H-NMR (90MHz, CDCℓ₃):
1.45 (d, J=6.4Hz, 3H), 2.08 (s, 3H), 2.09 (s, 3H), 5.96 (dd, (J=4.4Hz, 1.5Hz), 1H), 7.38 (d, J=6.4Hz, 1H)

Example 2

1.29g of 5-fluorocytosine was suspended in a solution of 16.5mℓ of methylene chloride and 3.4mℓ of acetonitrile. After adding 2.97g of 5-deoxy-1,2,3-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-ribofranoside to the suspension, 3.91g of anhydrous stannic chloride was dropwise added thereto in 5 minutes at room temperature. This solution was stirred at room temperature for 3 more hours, followed by subjecting the same after-treatment as in Example 1. After recrystallizing the residue by adding 7.4mℓ of ethanol thereto, crystals were filtered off to give 2.12g (64.4%) of 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluorocytidine.
The results of instrumental analysis of the obtained compound were identical with those of Example 1.

Example 3

0.52g of 5-fluorocytosine was suspended in a solution of 2mℓ of toluene and 0.42g of hexamethyldisilazane, and the mixture was heated at 110°C for 3 hours. After concentrating the reaction mixture under reduced pressure, 6.6mℓ of methylene chloride and 1.19g of 5-deoxy-1,2,3-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-ribofranoside were added to the residue. Then, 1.07g of trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate was added thereto at room temperature. After stirring the mixture at room temperature for overnight, 13mℓ of saturated sodium bicarbonate was added thereto. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. After separation of the organic layer, the aqueous layer was extracted with 5mℓ of methylene chloride. The organic layers were combined, and washed with water. After removal of the solvent under reduced pressure, the residue was recrystallized from 6mℓ of isopropanol to give 0.69g (52.4%) of 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluorocytidine.
The results of instrumental analysis of the obtained compound were identical with those of Example 1.

Example 4

38g of 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluorocytidine obtained according to the method of Example 1 was dissolved in 190mℓ of methylene chloride, followed by addition of 14.3g of pyridine. To this solution, was added 34.6g of 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl chloride at room temperature. After stirring at room temperature for overnight, the resulting solution was extracted with 152mℓ of methylene chloride and 76mℓ of water. The organic layer was separated and washed with 76mℓ of 4% sodium bicarbonate solution, and the solvent was distilled under reduced pressure. The residue was recrystallized by adding 620mℓ of methanol thereto to obtain 58.2g (96.4%) of 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine as crystalline powder. The melting point of a product obtained by recrystallizing these crystals from ethylacetate was 130.8 ∼ 133.2°C.
UV Absorption Spectrum:
λ_max(H₂O) nm: 314 (ε=16,300), 255 (ε=11,100), 209 (ε=36,800)
Optical Rotation:
[α]_D(20°C): +45 (CHCℓ₃, C=1)
¹H-NMR (90MHz, CDCℓ₃):
1.48 (d, J=6.4Hz, 3H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 2.12 (s, 3H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 3.93 (s, 6H), 5.98 (dd, (J=4.9Hz, 1.0Hz), 1H), 7.48 (d, J=5.4Hz, 1H), 7.57 (s, 2H)

Examples 5 ∼ 16

In the same manner as in Example 4, compounds given in Tables 1, 2 and 3 were synthesized.

Table 1

	Compounds Obtained
	In Formula (IV)		mp (°C)	¹H-NMR (90MHz) δppm
	R¹	R²
Example 5	Me	CH₃-(CH₂)₁₄-	78.6 ∼ 79.7	(CDCℓ₃): 0.88 (bt, 3H), 1.25 (s, methylene), 1.47 (d, 3H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 4.28 (m, 1H), 4.99 (t, 1H), 5.35 (t, 1H), 5.95 (dd, 1H), 7.59 (d, 1H)
Example 6	Me	CH₃-(CH₂)₇O-	Oily Substance	(CDCℓ₃): 0.88 (bt, 3H), 1.29 (bs, 10H), 1.47 (d, 3H), 1.71 (m, 2H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 4.17 (t, 2H), 5.01 (t, 1H), 5.29 (t, 1H), 5.96 (dd, 1H), 7.43 (d. 1H)
Example 7	Me	4-Chlorophenyl-	128.4 ∼ 129.7	(CDCℓ₃): 1.49 (d, 3H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 2.13 (s, 3H), 4.26 (m, 1H), 5.03 (t, 1H), 5.31 (t, 1H), 5.98 (dd, 1H), 7.42 (d, 2H), 7.50 (d, 1H), 8.24 (d, 2H)
Example 8	Me	2-Methoxyphenyl-	139.3 ∼ 147.0	(CDCℓ₃): 1.49 (d, 3H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 4.30 (m, 1H), 5.01 (t, 1H), 5.34 (t, 1H), 6.11 (dd, 1H), 7.69 (d, 1H), 8.25 (dd, 1H)
Example 9	Me	3-Methylphenyl-	169.2 ∼ 170.4	(CDCℓ₃): 1.48 (d, 3H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 2.41 (s, 3H), 4.25 (m, 1H), 5.03 (t, 1H), 5.33 (t, 1H), 5.98 (dd, 1H), 7.31 ∼ 7.38 (m, 2H), 7.52 (d, 1H), 8.07 (m, 2H)

Table 2

	Compounds Obtained
	In Formula (IV)		mp (°C)	¹H-NMR (90MHz) δppm
	R¹	R²
Example 10	Me	4-Nitrophenyl-	186.8 ∼ 187.9	(CDCℓ₃): 1.50 (d, 3H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 2.13 (s, 3H), 4.28 (m, 1H), 5.04 (t, 1H), 5.33 (t, 1H), 5.98 (dd, 1H), 7.57 (d, 1H), 8.21 ∼ 8.52 (m, 4H)
Example 11	Me	3-Pyridyl-	Amorphous powder	(CDCℓ₃): 1.49 (d, 3H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 2.13 (s, 3H), 4.28 (m, 1H), 5.04 (t, 1H), 5.33 (t, 1H), 5.98 (dd, 1H), 7.40 (m, 1H), 7.55 (d, 1H), 8.52 (m, 1H), 8.76 (dd, 1H), 9.47 (dd, 1H)
Example 12	Me	2-Furyl-	139.6 ∼ 140.8	(CDCℓ₃): 1.48 (d, 3H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 2.12 (s, 3H), 4.26 (m, 1H), 5.03 (t, 1H), 5.32 (t, 1H), 5.98 (dd, 1H), 6.55 (dd, 1H), 7.41 (dd, 1H), 7.52 (d, 1H), 7.64 (dd, 1H)
Example 13	Me	2-Thienyl-	154.0 ∼ 154.8	(CDCℓ₃): 1.48 (d, 3H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 2.12 (s, 3H), 4.25 (m, 1H), 5.03 (t, 1H), 5.31 (t, 1H), 5.97 (dd, 1H), 7.13 (dd, 1H), 7.48 (d, 1H), 7.61 (dd, 1H), 7.96 (dd, 1H)
Example 14	Me	1-Propenyl-	95.0 ∼ 97.0	(CDCℓ₃): 1.47 (d, 3H), 1.95 (dd, 3H), 2.11 (s, 6H), 4.27 (m, 1H), 5.01 (t, 1H), 5.33 (t, 1H), 5.96 (dd, 1H), 7.04 ∼ 7.45 (m, 1H), 7.55 (d, 1H)

Table 3

	Compounds Obtained
	In Formula (IV)		mp (°C)	¹H-NMR (90MHz) δppm
	R¹	R²
Example 15	Me	Cyclohexyl-	154.2 ∼ 155.1	(CDCℓ₃): 1.47 (d, 3H), 1.1 ∼ 2.2 (m, 10H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 4.28 (m, 1H), 4.99 (t, 1H), 5.35 (t, 1H), 5.94 (dd, 1H), 7.60 (d, 1H)
Example 16	Me	Benzyl-	118.5 ∼ 119.8	(CDCℓ₃): 1.46 (d, 3H), 2.09 (s, 3H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 4.21 (s, 2H), 4.28 (m, 1H), 4.99 (t, 1H), 5.35 (t, 1H), 5.95 (dd, 1H), 7.30 (s, 5H), 7.63 (d, 1H)

Example 17

1.10g of 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid was dissolved in 12mℓ of methylene chloride and 1.65g of pyridine, followed by addition of 0.60g of methanesulfonyl chloride at room temperature. After the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, 1.32g of 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluorocytidine was added to the solution. After stirring at room temperature for 66 hours, the resulting solution was extracted by adding 10mℓ of water thereto. The organic layer was separated and washed with 10mℓ of 4% sodium bicarbonate solution. After removal of the solvent under reduced pressure, the residue was recrystallized from ethyl acetate to obtain 1.27g (60.5%) of 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine as crystalline powder.
The results of instrumental analysis were identical with those obtained in Example 4.

Example 18

12.9g of 5-fluorocytosine was suspended in 78mℓ of pyridine, followed by addition of 23.1g of 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl chloride and stirring at 100°C for 5 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled down to room temperature and then poured into 310mℓ of water at room temperature over a period of 20 minutes. The precipitated crystals were collected by filtration to obtain 29.2g (90.4%) of 5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytosine.
The melting point of a product obtained by recrystallizing 14.6g of the above product from 600mℓ of methanol was 201.4 ∼ 202.2°C (decomposed).
¹H-NMR (90MHz, DMSO-d₆):
3.74 (s, 3H), 3.84 (s, 6H), 7.37 (s, 2H), 8.09 (d, J=5.9Hz, 1H)
6.47g of 5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytosine obtained by the above method were suspended in 10mℓ of toluene and 2.10g of hexamethyldisilazane to react at 100°C for 3 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. Then, 60mℓ of methylene chloride and 5.93g of 5-deoxy-1,2,3-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-ribofranoside were added to the residue, followed by adding dropwise 6.25g of anhydrous stannic chloride while ice-cooling. This reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for further 30 minutes, followed by addition of 10.1g of sodium bicarbonate. At room temperature, 3.5mℓ of water was then added thereto over a period of 10 minutes. After stirring at room temperature for 3 hours, insoluble matters were filtered out, and the filtrate was washed with 10mℓ of 6% sodium bicarbonate solution. After the removal of the solvent under reduced pressure, the residue was recrystallized by addition of 100mℓ of methanol to obtain 8.20g (78.3%) of 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cyti dine as crystalline powder.
The results of instrumental analysis of the obtained compound was identical with those of Example 4.

Example 19

5.55g of 5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytosine was suspended in 70mℓ of methylene chloride. After adding 5.09g of 5-deoxy-1,2,3-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-ribofranoside to the suspension, 5.36g of anhydrous stannic chloride was dropwise added thereto at room temperature over a period of 5 minutes. This reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for further 45 minutes. Thereafter, the reaction mixture was subjected to the same after-treatment as in Example 18 to obtain 6.17g (68.6%) of 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine.
The results of instrumental analysis of the obtained compound were identical with those of Example 4.

Example 20

35.5g of 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine obtained according to the method of Example 4 was dissolved in 300mℓ of methylene chloride, to which 270mℓ of aqueous 1N-NaOH solution was dropwise added with stirring while ice-cooling. After stirring the solution for 30 minutes at the same temperature, 30mℓ of methanol was added to the reaction solution. After dropwise adding conc. hydrochloric acid thereto to adjust the pH to 6, under ice-cooling the organic layer was separated, washed with 60mℓ of water and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was crystallized from 150mℓ of ethyl acetate and filtered to obtain 25.4g (85.4%) of 5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N⁴- (3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine as crystals. The melting point of a product obtained by recrystallizing these crystals from ethyl acetate was 167.0 ∼ 168.4°C.
¹H-NMR (90MHz, DMSO-d₆):
1.34 (d, 3H), 3.75 (s, 3H), 3.85 (s, 6H), 5.08 (d, 1H), 5.45 (d, 1H), 5.73 (d, 1H), 7.36 (s, 2H), 8.22 (d, 1H)

Example 21

52.3mg of 5'-deoxy-2'3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine was added to 0.4mℓ of N-NaOH, and the mixture was stirred at 26°C for 5 minutes. As a result of confirming the state of reaction progress by TLC, the spot for the starting material had disappeared completely and that for 5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine alone was found. After the completion of reaction, methylene chloride was added to the reaction solution. Then, the pH of the solution was adjusted to pH 6 by dropwise addition of conc. hydrochloric acid. The organic layer was separated, washed with water and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was recrystallized from ethyl acetate to obtain 5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine.
The results of instrumental analysis were identical with those of Example 20.

Examples 22 ∼ 31

According to the method of Example 21, the reaction was carried out by so selecting the compound of the formula (IV), kind of solvents, kind and amount of bases, reaction time and reaction temperature as given in Table 4 set forth below. Thereafter, the after-treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 21 to obtain 5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine.
As a result of confirming the state of reaction progress in each example after each reaction time, the spot for the starting material had disappeared completely and that for 5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine alone was found.

Table 4

Example No.	Compound Used		Solvent Added (mℓ)	Kind and Amount of Base Used (mmol)	Time (min.)	Reaction Temperature (°C)
	In Formula (IV)
	R₁	R₂
Example 22	Me	Tri-MeO-C₆H₂-	MeOH(1.1)	N-NaOH (0.4)	5	26
Example 22	(0.1 mmol)
Example 23	Me	Tri-MeO-C₆H₂-	THF (1.4) MeOH(1.1)	N-NaOH (0.6)	5	0
Example 23	(0.1 mmol)
Example 24	Me	Tri-MeO-C₆H₂-	THF (1.4) MeOH(1.1)	1/6 N-NaOH (0.1)	60	30
Example 24	(0.1 mmol)
Example 25	Me	Tri-MeO-C₆H₂-	THF (1.4) MeOH(1.1)	N-KOH (0.6)	5	30
Example 25	(0.1 mmol)
Example 26	Me	Tri-MeO-C₆H₂-	THF (1.4) MeOH(1.1)	0.6M Ba(OH)₂ (0.6)	5	30
Example 26	(0.1 mmol)
Example 27	Me	Tri-MeO-C₆H₂-	THF (1.4) MeOH(1.1)	0.6M Ca(OH)₂ (0.6)	5	30
Example 27	(0.1 mmol)
Example 28	Me	Tri-MeO-C₆H₂-	THF (1.4) MeOH(1.1)	1M Na₂CO₃ (0.6)	60	30
Example 28	(0.1 mmol)
Example 29	Me	Tri-MeO-C₆H₂-	THF (1.4) MeOH(1.1)	Sat. NaHCO₃ (0.6)	240	30
Example 29	(0.1 mmol)
Example 30	Me	Tri-MeO-C₆H₂-	MeOH (20)	MeONa (2.0)	5	30
Example 30	(1 mmol)
Example 31	4-Me-Phe	Tri-MeO-C₆H₂-	THF (14) MeOH (11)	N-NaOH (8.0)	5	30
Example 31	(2 mmol)

Example 32

1.14g of 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(palmitoyl)cytidine was dissolved in 14mℓ of THF and 11mℓ of methanol, followed by addition of 8mℓ of N-NaOH at 30°C and 5-minute stirring. As a result of confirming the state of reaction progress by TLC, the spot for the starting material had disappeared completely and that for the aimed product alone was found. Then, 10% hydrochloric acid was added to the reaction solution to adjust the pH to 5. After removal of the organic solvent under reduced pressure, the residue was extracted with 100mℓ of methylene chloride. The organic layer was separated, washed with water and concentrated under reduced pressure. After recrystallizing the residue from 7mℓ of methanol, the crystals were filtered to obtain 0.64g (66%) of 5'-deoxy-5- fluoro-N⁴-palmitoyl-cytidine.
The results of instrumental analysis of the obtained compound were as follows.
Melting point: 93.0 ∼95.0°C.
¹H-NMR (90MHz, DMSO-d₆):
0.86 (t, 3H), 1.24 (s, methylene), 1.33 (d, 3H), 3.5 ∼ 4.15 (m, 3H), 5.04 (d, 1H), 5.42 (d, 1H), 5.68 (dd, 1H), 8.08 (d, 1H)

Example 33

0.98g of 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(4-chlorobenzoyl)cytidine was dissolved in 14mℓ of THF and 11mℓ of methanol, followed by addition of 8mℓ of N-NaOH at 30°C and 5-minute stirring. As a result of confirming the state of reaction progress, the spot for the starting material had disappeared completely and that for the aimed product alone was found. Thereafter, the reaction solution was treated in the same manner as in Example 32, and the obtained residue was recrystallized from ethyl acetate to obtain 0.40g (49.8%) of N⁴-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine.
The results of instrumental analysis of the obtained compound were given below.
Melting point: 142.3 ∼145.6°C.
¹H-NMR (90MHz, DMSO-d₆):
1.32 (d, 3H), 3.5 ∼ 4.2 (m, 3H), 5.08 (d, 1H), 5.42 (d, 1H), 5.71 (dd, 1H), 7.58 (d, 2H), 8.02 (d, 1H), 8.02 (d, 2H)

Example 34

To a solution of 0.93g of 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(2-methoxybenzoyl)cytidine in 14mℓ of THF and 11mℓ of methanol was added 8mℓ of N-NaOH at 30°C, and the mixture was stirred for 5 minutes. As a result of confirming the state of reaction progress at this time by TLC, the spot for the starting material had disappeared completely and that for the aimed product alone was found. Thereafter, the reaction solution was treated in the same manner as in Example 32, and the obtained residue was recrystallized from methanol to give 0.40g (52.5%) of 5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N⁴-(2-methoxybenzoyl)cytidine.
The results of instrumental analysis of the obtained compound were as follows.
Melting Point: 196.8 ∼ 197.9°C (Decomposed).
¹H-NMR (90MHz, DMSO-d₆):
1.34 (d, 3H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.5 ∼ 4.3 (m, 3H), 5.05 (d, 1H), 5.45 (d, 1H), 5.70 (dd, 1H), 7.1 ∼ 7.8 (m, 4H), 8.15 (d, 1H)

Example 35

To a solution of 447mg of 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3-methylbenzoyl)cytidine in 25mℓ of methylene chloride was added 8mℓ of 0.5N-NaOH at 14°C, and the mixture was stirred for 5 minutes. As a result of confirming the state of reaction progress at this time by TLC, the spot for the starting material had completely disappeared and that for the aimed product alone was found. Then, 10% hydrochloric acid was added to the reaction solution to adjust the pH to 5, and the resulting solution was extracted with 5mℓ of methanol. After extracting the aqueous layer with additional 10mℓ of methylene chloride, the organic layers were combined and washed with water(10mℓ). After distilling the organic solvent under reduced pressure, the residue was recrystallized from 4mℓ of ethanol to obtain 301mg (82.9%) of 5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3-methylbenzoyl)cytidine.
Melting Point: 146.5 ∼ 147.8°C

Examples 36 ∼ 44

In accordance with the method of Example 35, the compounds (IV ) given in Table 5 were dissolved in a suitable quantity of methylene chloride and then subjected to selective deacylation in the presence of 0.5N-NaOH as was equivalent to 4 times the mole of each corresponding compound. Thereafter, the after-treatments were carried out in the same manner as in Example 35 to obtain the aimed compounds.
Reaction conditions thereof and Yields of the obtained compounds were as given in Table 5, and the physicochmeical properties of the compounds were confirmed by instrument analyses such as melting point, NMR, etc.

Table 5

Example No.	Compound Used		Time (min.)	Reaction Temperature (°C)	Yield (%)	Melting Point (°C) (Solvent for Recrystallization)
	In Formula (IV)
	R₁	R₂
Example 36	Me	4-Nitrophenyl-	5	12	69.8	176.5 ∼ 177.5 (MeOH)
Example 36	(1 mmol)
Example 37	Me	3-Pyridyl-	5	16	60.1	164.4 ∼ 165.0 (MeOH)
Example 37	(1 mmol)		5	16	60.1	164.4 ∼ 165.0 (MeOH)
Example 38	Me	2-Furyl-	5	13	59.3	177.0 ∼ 179.0 (EtOH)
Example 38	(1 mmol)		5	13	59.3	177.0 ∼ 179.0 (EtOH)
Example 39	Me	2-Thienyl-	5	15	75.1	175.5 ∼ 178.3 (EtOH)
Example 39	(1 mmol)		5	15	75.1	175.5 ∼ 178.3 (EtOH)
Example 40	Me	Methyl-	10	0	66.0	157.5 ∼ 160.5 (EtOH)
Example 40	(1 mmol)		10	0	66.0	157.5 ∼ 160.5 (EtOH)
Example 41	Me	1-Propenyl-	15	0	95.8	185.8 ∼ 187.0 (Isopropyl alcohol/isopropyl ether)
Example 41	(1 mmol)		15	0	95.8	185.8 ∼ 187.0 (Isopropyl alcohol/isopropyl ether)
Example 42	Me	Cyclohexyl-	10	0	90.7	Obtained as amorphous powder.
Example 42	(1 mmol)		10	0	90.7	Obtained as amorphous powder.
Example 43	Me	Benzyl-	10	0	88.6	Obtained as amorphous powder.
Example 43	(1 mmol)		10	0	88.6	Obtained as amorphous powder.
Example 44	Me	Octyloxy-	10	0	88.6	107 ∼ 109 (Ethyl ether)
Example 44	(1 mmol)		10	0	88.6	107 ∼ 109 (Ethyl ether)

Example 45

52.3mg of 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine was suspended in 0.44mℓ of water. After dropwise adding 0.36mℓ of 10% tetramethylammoniumhydroxide solution to the suspension with stirring at 26°C, the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 5 minutes. As a result of confirming the state of reaction progress at this time, the spot for the starting material had completely disappeared and that for the aimed product alone was found. Thereafter, the after-treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 21 to obtain 5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine.
The results of instrumental analysis were identical with those of Example 20.

Example 46

52.3mg of 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine was suspended in 0.74mℓ of water. After dropwise adding 60µℓ of DBU to the suspension with stirring at 26°C, the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 5 minutes. As a result of confirming the state of reaction progress at this time, the spot for the starting material had completely disappeared and that for the aimed product alone was found. Thereafter, the after-treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 21 to obtain 5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine.
The results of instrumental analysis were identical with those of Example 20.

Example 47

52.3mg of 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine was suspended in 0.74mℓ of water. After dropwise adding 55.5µℓ of triethylamine to the suspension with stirring at 27°C, the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 3 hours. As a result of confirming the state of reaction progress at this time, the spot for the starting material had completely disappeared and that for the aimed product alone was found. Thereafter, the after-treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 21 to obtain 5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine.
The results of instrumental analysis were identical with those of Example 20.

Example 48

25.8g of 5-fluorocytosine was suspended in 100mℓ of toluene and 21g of hexamethyldisilazane, and the suspension was heated to react at 110°C for 3 hours. After concentrating the reaction mixture under reduced pressure, 330mℓ of methylene chloride and then 59.3g of 5-deoxy-1,2,3-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-ribofranoside were added to the residue. To the ice-cooled solution was added dropwise 62.5g of anhydrous stannic chloride over a period of in 10 minutes. After the mixture was stirred at room temperature for further 2 hours, 101g of sodium bicarbonate was added thereto at room temperature, followed by dropwise addition of 35mℓ of water over a period of 20 minutes. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours, and then the insoluble matters were filtered off. The filtrate was washed with 100mℓ of 4% aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and dried (Na₂SO₄). Then, 23g of pyridine was added to the above solution, into which 56g of 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl chloride was added at room temperature. After stirring the mixture at room temperature for overnight, the reaction mixture was partitioned between 250mℓ of methylene chloride and 125mℓ of water. The organic layer was separated and then washed with 125mℓ of 4% aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution.
Into the organic layer obtained above was added dropwise 732mℓ of N-NaOH solution with stirring while ice-cooling. After stirring for 30 minutes, 200mℓ of methylene chloride and 70mℓ of methanol were added to the reaction mixture. After adjusting the resulting solution to pH 6 with conc. hydrochloric acid, the organic layer was separated, washed with 160mℓ of water and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was crystallized from 370mℓ of ethyl acetate, and the crystals were filtered. These crystals were recrystallized from 1,150mℓ of ethyl acetate to obtain 56.0g (63.8%) of 5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine as crystals.
The results of instrumental analysis of the obtained compound were identical with those of Example 20.

Example 49

To a suspension of 12.9g of fluorocytosine in 78mℓ of pyridine was added 23.1g of 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl chloride, and the mixture was reacted at 100°C for 5 hours. After the completion of reaction, the reaction mixture was poured into 300mℓ of water at room temperature with stirring. After stirring the resulting mixture for additional 3 hours, the precipitated crystals were collected by filtration, washed with water and then dried to obtain 29.2g of 5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytosine.
The crystals obtained above were suspended in 46mℓ of toluene and 9.5g of hexamethyldisilazane, and the mixture was heated to react at 110°C for 3 hours. After evaporation of the reaction mixture under reduced pressure, 270mℓ of methylene chloride and 26.8g of 5-deoxy-1,2,3-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-ribofranoside was added to the residue, to which 28.2g of anhydrous stannic chloride was added dropwise over a period of 5 minutes while ice-cooling. After stirring this solution at room temperature for additional 1 hour, 45.5g of sodium bicarbonate was added, followed by further of 16mℓ of water over a period of 10 minutes. After stirring the mixture for 3 hours, insoluble matters were filtered off, and the filtrate was washed with 45mℓ of 6% sodium bicarbonate solution. To the organic layer obtained according to the above method, 292mℓ of N-NaOH was added dropwise with stirring while ice-cooling. After stirring for 30 minutes at the same temperature, 50mℓ of methylene chloride and 30mℓ of methanol were added to the mixture. After adjusting the mixture to pH 6 with concentrated hydrochloric acid, the organic layer was separated, washed with water and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was crystallized from 150mℓ of ethyl acetate, and the crystals were filtered. The filtered crystals were recrystallized from 480mℓ of ethyl acetate to obtain 23.2g (52.8%) of 5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N⁴-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)cytidine as crystals.
The results of instrumental results of the obtained compound were identical with those of Example 20.
According to the present invention, N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives can be produced in very high yields through less steps from industrially easily available 5-fluorocytosine. In addition, a product can be obtained in high yield in every step, so that it is possible to transfer to the next step without isolating and purifying an intermediate. Therefore, the above production process according to the present invention is an industrially very excellent production process.

Claims

A process for producing N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives represented by the general formula (V),
wherein R² is an alkyl radical, a cycloalkyl radical, an alkenyl radical, an aralkyl radical, an aryl radical or an alkoxy radical,
characterized by reacting 5-fluorocytosine with a compound represented by the general formula (II),
wherein R¹ is a lower alkyl radical, an aryl radical or an aryl radical which may have(a)substituent(s) and Y is a halogen atom, an acyloxy radical or an alkoxy radical,
to give a compound represented by the general formula (III),
wherein R¹ is the same as defined above, reacting this compound with an acylating agent to introduce an R²CO radical into its amino radical to produce a compound represented by the general formula (IV),
wherein R¹ and R² are the same as defined above, and selectively deacylating only R¹CO radicals of this compound.
A process for producing N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives represented by the general formula (V),
wherein R² is an alkyl radical, a cycloalkyl radical, an alkenyl radical, an aralkyl radical, an aryl radical or an alkoxy radical,
characterized by reacting 5-fluorocytosine with an acylating agent to introduce an R²CO radical into its amino radical to produce a compound represented by the general formula (VI),
wherein R² is the same as defined above, reacting said compound with a compound represented by the general formula (II),
wherein R¹ is a lower alkyl radical, an aryl radical or an aryl radical which may have(a)substituent(s) and Y is a halogen atom, an acyloxy radical or an alkoxy radical,
to produce a compound represented by the general formula (IV),
wherein R¹ and R² are the same as defined above, and selectively deacylating only an R¹CO radical of this compound.
A process for producing N⁴-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives represented by the general formula (V),
wherein R² is an alkyl radical, a cycloalkyl radical, an alkenyl radical, and aralkyl radical, an aryl radical or an alkoxy radical,
which comprises treating a compound represented by the general formula (IV),
wherein R¹ is a lower alkyl radical, an aryl radical or an aryl radical which may have (a)substituent(s) and R² are the same as above,
in a solvent in the presence of a base substance to selectively deacylate only R¹CO radicals of this compound.