EP0575858A2 - Centrifuge - Google Patents

Centrifuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0575858A2
EP0575858A2 EP93109499A EP93109499A EP0575858A2 EP 0575858 A2 EP0575858 A2 EP 0575858A2 EP 93109499 A EP93109499 A EP 93109499A EP 93109499 A EP93109499 A EP 93109499A EP 0575858 A2 EP0575858 A2 EP 0575858A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
separation chamber
main rotor
centrifuge
line
centrifuge according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93109499A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0575858A3 (en
EP0575858B1 (en
Inventor
Friedrich Witthaus
Wolfram Weber
Wolfgang Dr. Biesel
Carlo Lay
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Fresenius SE and Co KGaA
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Fresenius SE and Co KGaA
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Application filed by Fresenius SE and Co KGaA filed Critical Fresenius SE and Co KGaA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B9/00—Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls
    • B04B9/08—Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing ; Couplings; Brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
    • B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
    • B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
    • B04B2005/0492—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation with fluid conveying umbilicus between stationary and rotary centrifuge parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifuge with a separation chamber, to which a line is firmly connected, with a main rotor, on which the separation chamber can be rotated relative to this by means of a bearing arrangement, and with a guide device on the main rotor for guiding the line from the center lower area of the separation chamber into an area above the centrifuge.
  • DE-PS 32 42 541 which describes a centrifuge in which the separation chamber is firmly connected to a line.
  • a centrifuge is designed to be free of mechanical seals and allows a firm connection between the separation chamber and the line, which usually comprises a plurality of hoses or lines which are parallel to one another in order to supply or remove the individual components to be separated.
  • it is necessary to rotate the separation chamber at twice the angular speed of the main rotor in order to avoid damaging the line.
  • a similar configuration is also shown in US Pat. No. 4,163,519.
  • the separation chamber is mounted on the main rotor by means of a hollow tube.
  • the pipe must be passed through the hollow tube, which results in very cumbersome handling steps when inserting or detaching the separation chamber.
  • the line or the centrifuge tube When inserting a rigid separation chamber, the line or the centrifuge tube must be threaded through the bearing. Since an extensive hose system is attached to the lower end of the centrifuge hose, this must also be passed through the hollow shaft of the bearing.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a centrifuge of the type mentioned, which allows simple and quick insertion of the separation chamber into the main rotor from above with a simple structure and simple design, which is designed to be reliable and is characterized by a small size.
  • the object is achieved in that the bearing arrangement for inserting the line into the main rotor in the area of the main rotor comprises an area that is open or open in the radial direction.
  • the centrifuge according to the invention is characterized by a number of considerable advantages. Due to the open or opening design of the bearing, it is possible to insert the hose line laterally without having to dismantle the bearing or without the line having to be threaded through the bearing. The centrifuge tube or the line can thus be inserted from above, whereupon the separation chamber itself can be plugged on or mounted. Handling is thus made considerably easier, operating errors are ruled out because the entire system can be viewed from above. Furthermore, the size can be minimized, since the main rotor itself is arranged below the separation chamber and not a larger one Diameter must show as the separation chamber. It is therefore also possible to design the centrifuge as a tabletop device, which results in a variety of other applications.
  • the bearing arrangement has an axis arranged on the separation chamber, as well as a plurality of rollers distributed around the circumference, rotatably mounted on the main rotor, which can be attached to the axis against the axis in order to support them.
  • the multiple rollers thus, because they are spaced from one another, form an "open bearing" which enables the line to be inserted.
  • the three rollers are each provided in two axially spaced planes in order to ensure that the axis of the separation chamber is supported against tilting.
  • rollers can be provided instead of three within the scope of the invention.
  • At least one race ring is preferably formed on the axis of the separation chamber and is suitable for interaction with the track rollers.
  • the race can for example be made of a harder material, it is also possible to profile the race and / or one of the rollers. This can provide an axial lock for locking the separation chamber, since the race or the roller engage in a form-fitting manner can, in order to cause a latching.
  • other axial securing devices are also possible, for example by means of a radially movable, spring-preloaded ball or by similar components.
  • a gear area for rotating the separation chamber in dependence on the rotation of the main rotor is arranged on the axis of the separation chamber.
  • the separation chamber must be driven at twice the angular speed as the main rotor in order to ensure a corresponding twisting or untwisting of the line.
  • the axis itself has a gear area in order to ensure a forced rotary coupling between the separation chamber and the main rotor.
  • the gear area can be designed, for example, as a toothing, the toothing being able to mesh with a pinion which is connected to a shaft, which in turn is rotatably mounted on the main rotor.
  • the other end of the shaft is, for example, in engagement with a ring gear which is located on a frame of the centrifuge.
  • the rollers can be made elastic to compensate for imbalances, so that there is a self-centering structure.
  • the separation chamber is preferably designed as a disposable or disposable article, which is made, for example, from a recyclable plastic.
  • the recyclable separation chamber includes part of the drive or the bearing of the centrifuge because of the gear area and the races.
  • the arrangement and design of the centrifuge shown in FIG. 1 corresponds in terms of the basic structure to the centrifuge described in DE-PS 32 42 541. To avoid repetition, reference is therefore made to the description in this patent specification.
  • FIG. 1 shows a frame 13 on which a motor 14 is mounted.
  • a frame-shaped main rotor 3 is rotatably mounted, which is provided with a hollow axis 15 which is connected to the motor 14 via a belt drive 16.
  • Another belt drive 17 serves to drive a shaft 18 which is rotatably mounted in the hollow axis 15.
  • the shaft 18 has at its upper end a gear 19 which meshes with a pinion 20, which in turn is flanged onto a shaft 12, the upper end of which carries a pinion 11.
  • a recess 21 is formed, through which an axis 5 of a separation chamber 1 can be pushed.
  • a line 2 opens at the lower end of the axis 5, which is guided upwards in an arc, as can be seen from FIG. 1.
  • the main rotor 3 comprises a guide device (bracket) 4, on which the line 2 is held.
  • the latter also has three upper bearing rollers 6 and three lower bearing rollers 7 in an upper and a lower level, which are equally spaced and thus serve to support the axis 5.
  • the axis 5 is provided with an upper race 8 and a lower race 9 against which the bearing rollers 6 and 7 are supported. From the representation of Fig. 1 it follows that the bearing rollers 6 and 7 are each rotatably mounted on support rods or the like and, since three bearing rollers are provided on the circumference, have a distance from one another which enables the line 2 to be passed through if the Separation chamber 1 is plugged on or removed (see the double arrow in the upper area of FIG. 1).
  • a gear region 10 is also formed in the form of a toothing which meshes with the pinion 11.
  • the drive ratios are selected so that the separation chamber 1 is driven at twice the rotational speed as the main rotor 3.
  • DE-PS 32 42 541 With regard to the storage and design of the line 2, reference is made to DE-PS 32 42 541.
  • the separation chamber 1, together with the shaft 5 attached to it can be inserted or removed in a simple manner from above, without the bearing arrangement, which is caused by the upper and lower bearing rollers 6, 7 and the race 8 or 9 is formed, the insertion or removal of the line hindered. It is not necessary, as is known in the prior art, to thread the line through a hollow shaft or to install the separation chamber from below. Since the axis 5 of the separation chamber 1 is also provided with the gear area 10, an exact assignment of the angular velocities of the separation chamber 1 and the main rotor 3 is ensured.
  • FIG. 2 and 3 show a further embodiment of the centrifuge according to the invention.
  • the main rotor 3 is provided with a recess 22 into which the separation chamber 1 can be inserted, as indicated by the double arrow.
  • 2 further shows the arrangement and mounting of the upper bearing roller 6 and the lower bearing roller 7.
  • the upper bearing roller 6 has an axis 23 which is received in a recess in the main rotor 3 and is mounted by means of two bearings.
  • an axis 24 of the lower bearing roller 7 is received and stored.
  • the shaft 12 is supported, which carries the pinion 11 at its end.
  • FIG. 3 shows in plan view that the three upper and three lower bearing rollers 6, 7 are each at a distance from each other, which allows the hose or the line 2 to pass through the side.
  • the guide device for the line 2 is designed in the form of a groove 4, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the width of the groove 4 is somewhat larger than the diameter of the line 2, so that it is guided, but is rotatably held, as is required in the centrifuge described.
  • FIG. 2 further shows that the shaft 12, which is connected to the toothed gear in the region 10 via the pinion 11, carries at its end a gearwheel 25 which meshes with a ring gear 26 which is fixedly mounted on the frame 13.
  • the separation chamber 1 is thus forcibly driven at the required angular velocity.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a centrifuge with a separation chamber (1) to which a line (2) is permanently connected, with a main rotor (3) on which the separation chamber (1) can be mounted so as to be rotational in relation to the said rotor (3) by means of a bearing arrangement, and with a guide device (4) on the main rotor (3) for guiding the line (2). In order to be able to insert the separation chamber into the main rotor in a simple and controlled manner, there is provision according to the invention for the bearing arrangement to comprise an area which is open in the radial direction for insertion of the line (2) into the main rotor (3) in the region of the main rotor (3). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Zentrifuge mit einer Separationskammer, an welcher eine Leitung fest angeschlossen ist, mit einem Hauptrotor, an welchem die Separationskammer relativ zu diesem drehbar mittels einer Lageranordnung lagerbar ist, und mit einer Führungsvorrichtung an dem Hauptrotor zur Führung der Leitung vom mittigen unteren Bereich der Separationskammer in einen Bereich oberhalb der Zentrifuge.The invention relates to a centrifuge with a separation chamber, to which a line is firmly connected, with a main rotor, on which the separation chamber can be rotated relative to this by means of a bearing arrangement, and with a guide device on the main rotor for guiding the line from the center lower area of the separation chamber into an area above the centrifuge.

Den nächstkommenden Stand der Technik bildet die DE-PS 32 42 541, welche eine Zentrifuge beschreibt, bei welcher die Separationskammer fest mit einer Leitung verbunden ist. Eine derartige Zentrifuge ist gleitdichtungsfrei ausgebildet und erlaubt eine feste Verbindung zwischen der Separationskammer und der Leitung, welche üblicherweise mehrere zueinander parallele Schläuche oder Leitungen umfaßt, um die einzelnen zu trennenden Bestandteile zu- bzw. abzuführen. Wie aus dieser Patentschrift bekannt, ist es erforderlich, die Separationskammer mit der doppelten Winkelgeschwindigkeit des Hauptrotors zu drehen, um eine Beschädigung der Leitung zu vermeiden. Eine ähnliche Ausgestaltung zeigt auch die US-PS 4,163,519.The closest prior art is DE-PS 32 42 541, which describes a centrifuge in which the separation chamber is firmly connected to a line. Such a centrifuge is designed to be free of mechanical seals and allows a firm connection between the separation chamber and the line, which usually comprises a plurality of hoses or lines which are parallel to one another in order to supply or remove the individual components to be separated. As is known from this patent, it is necessary to rotate the separation chamber at twice the angular speed of the main rotor in order to avoid damaging the line. A similar configuration is also shown in US Pat. No. 4,163,519.

Bei den beschriebenen Zentrifugen erweist es sich als nachteilig, daß die Separationskammer mittels eines Hohlrohres an dem Hauptrotor gelagert ist. Durch das Hohlrohr muß die Leitung durchgeführt werden, wodurch sich beim Einsetzen bzw. Lösen der Separationskammer sehr umständliche Handhabungschritte ergeben. Beim Einlegen einer starren Separationskammer muß nämlich die Leitung bzw. der Zentrifugenschlauch durch das Lager gefädelt werden. Da am unteren Ende des Zentrifugenschlauches ein umfangreiches Schlauchsystem befestigt ist, muß auch dieses durch die Hohlwelle des Lagers durchgeleitet werden.In the centrifuges described, it proves disadvantageous that the separation chamber is mounted on the main rotor by means of a hollow tube. The pipe must be passed through the hollow tube, which results in very cumbersome handling steps when inserting or detaching the separation chamber. When inserting a rigid separation chamber, the line or the centrifuge tube must be threaded through the bearing. Since an extensive hose system is attached to the lower end of the centrifuge hose, this must also be passed through the hollow shaft of the bearing.

Eine weitere aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Lösung besteht darin, die Separationskammer von unten in die Zentrifuge einzuhängen. Auch dies ist umständlich und visuell nicht kontrollierbar. Weiterhin ist die Baugröße dieser Anordnung wesentlich größer als die Größe der Separationskammer, da der Antrieb außen um die Separationskammer herumgeführt werden muß. Dies bedingt eine insgesamt sehr große Ausgestaltung der gesamten Zentrifuge, welche nicht nur hinsichtlich der Herstellungskosten, sondern auch besonders hinsichtlich der Handhabung unerwünscht sein kann.Another solution known from the prior art is to hang the separation chamber from below into the centrifuge. This is also cumbersome and cannot be checked visually. Furthermore, the size of this arrangement is significantly larger than the size of the separation chamber, since the drive must be guided around the outside of the separation chamber. This requires an overall very large configuration of the entire centrifuge, which can be undesirable not only in terms of manufacturing costs, but also particularly in terms of handling.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Zentrifuge der Eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, welche bei einfachem Aufbau und einfacher Ausgestaltung ein einfaches und schnelles Einsetzen der Separationskammer in den Hauptrotor von oben ermöglicht, welche betriebssicher ausgebildet ist und sich durch eine geringe Baugröße auszeichnet.The invention has for its object to provide a centrifuge of the type mentioned, which allows simple and quick insertion of the separation chamber into the main rotor from above with a simple structure and simple design, which is designed to be reliable and is characterized by a small size.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Lageranordnung zur Einlegung der Leitung in den Hauptrotor im Bereich des Hauptrotors einen in radialer Richtung offenen oder zu öffnenden Bereich umfaßt.According to the invention, the object is achieved in that the bearing arrangement for inserting the line into the main rotor in the area of the main rotor comprises an area that is open or open in the radial direction.

Die erfindungsgemäße Zentrifuge zeichnet sich durch eine Reihe erheblicher Vorteile aus. Durch die offene oder zu öffnende Ausgestaltung des Lagers ist es möglich, die Schlauch-Leitung seitlich einzuschieben, ohne daß eine Demontage des Lagers erforderlich ist oder ohne daß die Leitung durch das Lager durchgefädelt werden müßte. Somit kann der Zentrifugenschlauch bzw. die Leitung von oben eingelegt werden, worauf hin die Separationskammer selbst aufgesteckt bzw. montiert werden kann. Die Handhabung wird somit erheblich erleichtert, Fehlbedienungen sind, da das gesamte System von oben einsehbar ist, ausgeschlossen. Weiterhin kann die Baugröße minimiert werden, da der Hauptrotor selbst unterhalb der Separationskammer angeordnet ist und keinen größeren Durchmesser ausweisen muß, als die Separationskammer. Somit ist es auch möglich, die Zentrifuge als Tischgerät auszubilden, wodurch sich vielfältige weitere Anwendungsfälle ergeben.The centrifuge according to the invention is characterized by a number of considerable advantages. Due to the open or opening design of the bearing, it is possible to insert the hose line laterally without having to dismantle the bearing or without the line having to be threaded through the bearing. The centrifuge tube or the line can thus be inserted from above, whereupon the separation chamber itself can be plugged on or mounted. Handling is thus made considerably easier, operating errors are ruled out because the entire system can be viewed from above. Furthermore, the size can be minimized, since the main rotor itself is arranged below the separation chamber and not a larger one Diameter must show as the separation chamber. It is therefore also possible to design the centrifuge as a tabletop device, which results in a variety of other applications.

In einer besonders günstigen Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, daß die Lageranordnung eine an der Separationskammer angeordnete Achse aufweist, sowie mehrere am Umfang verteilte, drehbar an dem Hauptrotor gelagerte Laufrollen, welche zur Abstützung der Achse gegen diese in Anlage anbringbar sind. Die mehreren Laufrollen bilden somit, da sie einen Abstand zueinander aufweisen, ein " offenes Lager ", welches das Einlegen der Leitung ermöglicht.In a particularly favorable embodiment, it is provided that the bearing arrangement has an axis arranged on the separation chamber, as well as a plurality of rollers distributed around the circumference, rotatably mounted on the main rotor, which can be attached to the axis against the axis in order to support them. The multiple rollers thus, because they are spaced from one another, form an "open bearing" which enables the line to be inserted.

In einer alternativen Ausgestaltungsform wäre es auch möglich, das Lager in einer mittigen, vertikalen Ebene zu teilen und die beiden Lagerschalen klappbar oder verschiebbar auszubilden. Auch in diesem Falle ist eine radiale Öffnung vorhanden, durch welche die Leitung eingelegt bzw. entnommen werden kann.In an alternative embodiment, it would also be possible to divide the bearing in a central, vertical plane and to design the two bearing shells to be foldable or displaceable. In this case too there is a radial opening through which the line can be inserted or removed.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind die drei Laufrollen jeweils in zwei axial beabstandeten Ebenen vorgesehen, um eine kippsichere Lagerung der Achse der Separationskammer zu gewährleisten.In a further advantageous development of the invention, the three rollers are each provided in two axially spaced planes in order to ensure that the axis of the separation chamber is supported against tilting.

Es versteht sich, daß im Rahmen der Erfindung anstatt dreier vier oder mehrere Laufrollen vorgesehen sein können.It is understood that four or more rollers can be provided instead of three within the scope of the invention.

Bevorzugterweise ist an der Achse der Separationskammer zumindest ein Laufring ausgebildet, welcher zur Zusammenwirkung mit den Laufrollen geeignet ist. Der Laufring kann beispielsweise aus einem härteren Material gebildet sein, es ist auch möglich, den Laufring und/oder eine der Laufrollen zu profilieren. Hierdurch kann eine Axialsicherung zur Verriegelung der Separationskammer hervorgerufen werden, da der Laufring bzw. die Laufrolle formschlüssig ineinandergreifen können, um somit eine Verrastung zu bewirken. Es sind jedoch auch andere axiale Sicherungen möglich, beispielsweise durch eine radial bewegbare, federvorgespannte Kugel oder durch ähnliche Bauelemente.At least one race ring is preferably formed on the axis of the separation chamber and is suitable for interaction with the track rollers. The race can for example be made of a harder material, it is also possible to profile the race and / or one of the rollers. This can provide an axial lock for locking the separation chamber, since the race or the roller engage in a form-fitting manner can, in order to cause a latching. However, other axial securing devices are also possible, for example by means of a radially movable, spring-preloaded ball or by similar components.

Weiterhin kann es günstig sein, wenn an der Achse der Separationskammer ein Getriebebereich zum Dreh-Antrieb der Separationskammer in Abhängigkeit von der Drehung des Hauptrotor angeordnet ist. Wie bereits beschrieben, muß die Separationskammer mit doppelter Winkelgeschwindigkeit angetrieben werden, wie der Hauptrotor, um eine entsprechende Ver - bzw. Entdrillung der Leitung sicherzustellen. Hierbei ist es günstig, wenn die Achse selbst einen Getriebebereich aufweist, um eine zwangsweise Drehkoppelung zwischen der Separationskammer und dem Hauptrotor sicherzustellen. Der Getriebebereich kann beispielsweise als Verzahnung ausgebildet sein, wobei die Verzahnung mit einem Ritzel kämmen kann, welches mit einer Welle verbunden ist, welche wiederum drehbar an dem Hauptrotor gelagert ist. Das andere Ende der Welle ist beispielsweise mit einem Zahnkranz in Eingriff, welches sich an einem Gestell der Zentrifuge befindet. Bei einer Drehung des Hauptrotors wird somit über den Zahnkranz die Welle in Drehung versetzt und treibt über das Ritzel die Separationskammer an.Furthermore, it can be advantageous if a gear area for rotating the separation chamber in dependence on the rotation of the main rotor is arranged on the axis of the separation chamber. As already described, the separation chamber must be driven at twice the angular speed as the main rotor in order to ensure a corresponding twisting or untwisting of the line. It is advantageous here if the axis itself has a gear area in order to ensure a forced rotary coupling between the separation chamber and the main rotor. The gear area can be designed, for example, as a toothing, the toothing being able to mesh with a pinion which is connected to a shaft, which in turn is rotatably mounted on the main rotor. The other end of the shaft is, for example, in engagement with a ring gear which is located on a frame of the centrifuge. When the main rotor rotates, the shaft is rotated via the ring gear and drives the separation chamber via the pinion.

Die Laufrollen können erfindungsgemäß zum Ausgleich von Unwuchten elastisch ausgebildet sein, so daß sich ein selbstzentrierender Aufbau ergibt.According to the invention, the rollers can be made elastic to compensate for imbalances, so that there is a self-centering structure.

Die Separationskammer ist bevorzugterweise als Einmal - oder Wegwerfartikel ausgestaltet, welcher beispielsweise aus einem recycelbaren Kunststoff gefertigt ist. Die recyclbare Separationskammer umfaßt dabei wegen des Getriebebereichs und der Laufringe einen Teil des Antriebs bzw. des Lagers der Zentrifuge.The separation chamber is preferably designed as a disposable or disposable article, which is made, for example, from a recyclable plastic. The recyclable separation chamber includes part of the drive or the bearing of the centrifuge because of the gear area and the races.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung beschrieben. Dabei zeigt:

Fig.1
eine Seiten-Schnittansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Zentrifuge,
Fig.2
eine Teil-Seitenansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels, und
Fig.3
eine Teil-Draufsicht auf den in Fig.2 gezeigten Hauptrotor.
The invention is described below using exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawing. It shows:
Fig. 1
2 shows a sectional side view of a first exemplary embodiment of a centrifuge according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a partial side view of another embodiment, and
Fig. 3
a partial plan view of the main rotor shown in Fig.2.

Die in Fig.1 gezeigte Anordnung und Ausgestaltung der Zentrifuge korrespondiert hinsichtlich des prinzipiellen Aufbaus mit der in der DE-PS 32 42 541 beschriebenen Zentrifuge. Es wird deshalb zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen auf die Beschreibung in dieser Patentschrift Bezug genommen.The arrangement and design of the centrifuge shown in FIG. 1 corresponds in terms of the basic structure to the centrifuge described in DE-PS 32 42 541. To avoid repetition, reference is therefore made to the description in this patent specification.

Die Fig.1 zeigt ein Gestell 13, an welchem ein Motor 14 gelagert ist. Oberhalb des Gestells 13 ist ein gestellförmig ausgebildeter Hauptrotor 3 drehbar gelagert, welcher mit einer hohlen Achse 15 versehen ist, die über einen Riementrieb 16 antriebsmäßig mit dem Motor 14 verbunden ist. Ein weiterer Riementrieb 17 dient zum Antrieb einer Welle 18, welche drehbar in der hohlen Achse 15 gelagert ist. Die Welle 18 weist an ihrem oberen Ende ein Zahnrad 19 auf, welches mit einem Ritzel 20 kämmt, welches wiederum auf eine Welle 12 aufgeflanscht ist, deren oberes Ende ein Ritzel 11 trägt.1 shows a frame 13 on which a motor 14 is mounted. Above the frame 13, a frame-shaped main rotor 3 is rotatably mounted, which is provided with a hollow axis 15 which is connected to the motor 14 via a belt drive 16. Another belt drive 17 serves to drive a shaft 18 which is rotatably mounted in the hollow axis 15. The shaft 18 has at its upper end a gear 19 which meshes with a pinion 20, which in turn is flanged onto a shaft 12, the upper end of which carries a pinion 11.

Am oberen Bereich des Hauptrotors 3 ist eine Ausnehmung 21 ausgebildet, durch welche eine Achse 5 einer Separationskammer 1 durchsteckbar ist. Im mittigen Bereich mündet am unteren Ende der Achse 5 eine Leitung 2, welche in einem Bogen nach oben geführt ist, so wie dies aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist. Der Hauptrotor 3 umfaßt eine Führungseinrichtung (Bügel) 4, an welcher die Leitung 2 gehaltert ist.In the upper area of the main rotor 3, a recess 21 is formed, through which an axis 5 of a separation chamber 1 can be pushed. In the central area, a line 2 opens at the lower end of the axis 5, which is guided upwards in an arc, as can be seen from FIG. 1. The main rotor 3 comprises a guide device (bracket) 4, on which the line 2 is held.

Zur Lagerung der Achse 5 an dem Hauptrotor 3 weist dieser in einer oberen und einer unteren Ebene ebenfalls drei obere Lagerrollen 6 und drei untere Lagerrollen 7 auf, welche gleich beabstandet sind und somit zur Abstützung der Achse 5 dienen. Die Achse 5 ist mit einem oberen Laufring 8 und einem unteren Laufring 9 versehen, gegen welche sich die Lagerrollen 6 bzw. 7 abstützen. Aus der Darstellung der Fig. 1 ergibt sich, daß die Lagerrollen 6 und 7 jeweils auf Trägerstangen oder ähnlichem drehbar gelagert sind und, da am Umfang jeweils drei Lagerrollen vorgesehen sind, einen Abstand zueinander aufweisen, welcher eine Durchführung der Leitung 2 ermöglicht, wenn die Separationskammer 1 aufgesteckt bzw. entnommen wird ( siehe den Doppelpfeil im oberen Bereich der Fig. 1).To support the axis 5 on the main rotor 3, the latter also has three upper bearing rollers 6 and three lower bearing rollers 7 in an upper and a lower level, which are equally spaced and thus serve to support the axis 5. The axis 5 is provided with an upper race 8 and a lower race 9 against which the bearing rollers 6 and 7 are supported. From the representation of Fig. 1 it follows that the bearing rollers 6 and 7 are each rotatably mounted on support rods or the like and, since three bearing rollers are provided on the circumference, have a distance from one another which enables the line 2 to be passed through if the Separation chamber 1 is plugged on or removed (see the double arrow in the upper area of FIG. 1).

An der Achse 5 ist weiterhin ein Getriebebereich 10 in Form einer Verzahnung ausgebildet, welche mit dem Ritzel 11 kämmt. Die Antriebsverhältnisse sind so gewählt, daß die Separationskammer 1 mit doppelter Drehgeschwindigkeit angetrieben wird, als der Hauptrotor 3. Hinsichtlich der Lagerung und Ausgestaltung der Leitung 2 wird auf die DE-PS 32 42 541 verwiesen.On the axis 5, a gear region 10 is also formed in the form of a toothing which meshes with the pinion 11. The drive ratios are selected so that the separation chamber 1 is driven at twice the rotational speed as the main rotor 3. With regard to the storage and design of the line 2, reference is made to DE-PS 32 42 541.

Bei dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ergibt sich, daß die Separationskammer 1 zusammen mit der an dieser befestigten Achse 5 in einfacher Weise von oben eingesteckt bzw. entnommen werden kann, ohne daß die Lageranordnung, welche durch die oberen und unteren Lagerrollen 6, 7 sowie den Laufring 8 bzw. 9 gebildet wird, das Einlegen bzw. Entfernen der Leitung behindert. Es ist nicht erforderlich, die Leitung, wie beim Stand der Technik bekannt, durch eine Hohlwelle durchzufädeln oder die Separationskammer von unten einzubauen. Da die Achse 5 der Separationskammer 1 weiterhin mit dem Getriebebereich 10 versehen ist, ist eine exakte Zuordnung der Winkelgeschwindigkeiten der Separationskammer 1 und des Hauptrotors 3 gewährleistet.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, it follows that the separation chamber 1, together with the shaft 5 attached to it, can be inserted or removed in a simple manner from above, without the bearing arrangement, which is caused by the upper and lower bearing rollers 6, 7 and the race 8 or 9 is formed, the insertion or removal of the line hindered. It is not necessary, as is known in the prior art, to thread the line through a hollow shaft or to install the separation chamber from below. Since the axis 5 of the separation chamber 1 is also provided with the gear area 10, an exact assignment of the angular velocities of the separation chamber 1 and the main rotor 3 is ensured.

Die Fig.2 und 3 zeigen ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Zentrifuge. Im Gegensatz zu dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 2 der Hauptrotor 3 mit einer Ausnehmung 22 versehen, in welche die Separationskammer 1, wie durch den Doppelpfeil angedeutet, einsteckbar ist. Aus Fig. 2 ergibt sich weiterhin im einzelnen die Anordnung und Lagerung der oberen Lagerrolle 6 und der unteren Lagerrolle 7. Die obere Lagerrolle 6 weist eine Achse 23 auf, welche in einer Ausnehmung des Hauptrotors 3 aufgenommen und mittels zweier Lager gelagert ist. In gleicher Weise ist eine Achse 24 der unteren Lagerrolle 7 aufgenommen und gelagert. In ähnlicher Weise ist die Welle 12 gelagert, welche an ihrem Ende das Ritzel 11 trägt. Die Fig. 3 zeigt in der Draufsicht, daß die drei oberen und drei unteren Lagerrollen 6, 7 jeweils einen Abstand zueinander aufweisen, welcher eine seitliche Durchführung des Schlauchs bzw. der Leitung 2 ermöglicht. Die Führungseinrichtung für die Leitung 2 ist in Form einer Nut 4 ausgebildet, wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt. Die Breite der Nut 4 ist etwas größer als der Durchmesser der Leitung 2, so daß diese zwar geführt, jedoch verdrehbar gehalten ist, so wie dies bei der beschriebenen Zentrifuge erforderlich ist.2 and 3 show a further embodiment of the centrifuge according to the invention. In contrast to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, in the embodiment of FIG. 2 the main rotor 3 is provided with a recess 22 into which the separation chamber 1 can be inserted, as indicated by the double arrow. 2 further shows the arrangement and mounting of the upper bearing roller 6 and the lower bearing roller 7. The upper bearing roller 6 has an axis 23 which is received in a recess in the main rotor 3 and is mounted by means of two bearings. In the same way, an axis 24 of the lower bearing roller 7 is received and stored. In a similar way, the shaft 12 is supported, which carries the pinion 11 at its end. Fig. 3 shows in plan view that the three upper and three lower bearing rollers 6, 7 are each at a distance from each other, which allows the hose or the line 2 to pass through the side. The guide device for the line 2 is designed in the form of a groove 4, as shown in FIG. 3. The width of the groove 4 is somewhat larger than the diameter of the line 2, so that it is guided, but is rotatably held, as is required in the centrifuge described.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt weiterhin, daß die mit dem verzahnten Getriebe im Bereich 10 über das Ritzel 11 in Verbindung stehende Welle 12 an Ihrem Ende ein Zahnrad 25 trägt, welches mit einem Zahnkranz 26 kämmt, welcher fest an dem Gestell 13 gelagert ist. Durch Drehung des Hauptrotors 3 mittels des in Fig.2 nicht im einzelnen gezeigten Motors 14 erfolgt somit zwangsweise ein Antrieb der Separationskammer 1 in der erforderlichen Winkelgeschwindigkeit.FIG. 2 further shows that the shaft 12, which is connected to the toothed gear in the region 10 via the pinion 11, carries at its end a gearwheel 25 which meshes with a ring gear 26 which is fixedly mounted on the frame 13. By rotating the main rotor 3 by means of the motor 14, which is not shown in detail in FIG. 2, the separation chamber 1 is thus forcibly driven at the required angular velocity.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt, vielmehr ergeben sich im Rahmen der Erfindung vielfältige Abwandlungs- und Modifikationsmöglichkeiten, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Ausgestaltung des Antriebs der Separationskammer.The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown, rather there are various modification and modification possibilities within the scope of the invention, in particular with regard to the design of the drive of the separation chamber.

Claims (12)

Zentrifuge mit einer Separationskammer (1), an welcher eine Leitung (2) fest angeschlossen ist, mit einem Hauptrotor (3), an welchem die Separationskammer (1) relativ zu diesem drehbar mittels einer Lageranordnung lagerbar ist, und mit einer Führungseinrichtung (4) an dem Hauptrotor (3) zur Führung der Leitung (2) vom mittigen unteren Bereich der Separationskammer (1) in einen Bereich oberhalb der Zentrifuge, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lageranordnung zur Einlegung der Leitung (2) in den Hauptrotor (3) im Bereich des Hauptrotors (3) einen in radialer Richtung offenen Bereich umfaßt.Centrifuge with a separation chamber (1) to which a line (2) is firmly connected, with a main rotor (3) on which the separation chamber (1) can be rotated relative to it by means of a bearing arrangement, and with a guide device (4) on the main rotor (3) for guiding the line (2) from the central lower region of the separation chamber (1) to a region above the centrifuge, characterized in that the bearing arrangement for inserting the line (2) into the main rotor (3) in the region of the main rotor (3) comprises an area open in the radial direction. Zentrifuge mit einer Separationskammer (1), an welcher eine Leitung (2) fest angeschlossen ist, mit einem Hauptrotor (3), an welchem die Separationskammer (1) relativ zu diesem drehbar mittels einer Lageranordnung lagerbar ist, und mit einer Führungseinrichtung (4) an dem Hauptrotor (3) zur Führung der Leitung (2) vom mittigen unteren Bereich der Separationskammer (1) in einen Bereich oberhalb der Zentrifuge, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lageranordnung zur Einlegung der Leitung (2) in den Hauptrotor (3) im Bereich des Hauptrotors (3) einen in radialer Richtung zu öffnenden Bereich umfaßt.Centrifuge with a separation chamber (1) to which a line (2) is firmly connected, with a main rotor (3) on which the separation chamber (1) can be rotated relative to it by means of a bearing arrangement, and with a guide device (4) on the main rotor (3) for guiding the line (2) from the central lower region of the separation chamber (1) to a region above the centrifuge, characterized in that the bearing arrangement for inserting the line (2) into the main rotor (3) in the region of the main rotor (3) comprises a region that can be opened in the radial direction. Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lageranordnung eine in der Separationskammer (1) angeordnete Achse (5) aufweist, sowie mehrere am Umfang verteilte, drehbar an dem Hauptrotor (3) gelagerte Laufrollen (6, 7).Centrifuge according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bearing arrangement has an axis (5) arranged in the separation chamber (1), and a plurality of rollers (6, 7) distributed around the circumference and rotatably mounted on the main rotor (3). Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 3 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeweils drei Laufrollen (6, 7) in zwei axial beabstandeten Ebenen vorgesehen sind.Centrifuge according to claim 3, characterized in that three rollers (6, 7) are provided in two axially spaced planes. Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der Achse (5) zur Zusammenwirkung mit den Laufrollen (6, 7) zumindest ein Laufring (8, 9) ausgebildet ist.Centrifuge according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that at least one race (8, 9) is formed on the axis (5) for cooperation with the rollers (6, 7). Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Laufring (8, 9) und /oder eine Laufrolle (6, 7) profiliert ist.Centrifuge according to claim 5, characterized in that the race (8, 9) and / or a roller (6, 7) is profiled. Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Laufring (8, 9) und /oder eine Laufrolle (6, 7) mit einer Axialsicherung zur Verriegelung der Separationskammer (1) in Axialrichtung versehen ist.Centrifuge according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the race (8, 9) and / or a roller (6, 7) is provided with an axial lock for locking the separation chamber (1) in the axial direction. Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 1-7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der Achse (5) ein Getriebebereich (10) zum Dreh-Antrieb der Separationskammer (1) in Abhängigkeit von der Drehung des Hauptrotors (3) angeordnet ist.Centrifuge according to one of claims 1-7, characterized in that a gear area (10) for rotating the separation chamber (1) depending on the rotation of the main rotor (3) is arranged on the axis (5). Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der als Verzahnung ausgebildete Getriebebereich (10) über eine drehbar an dem Hauptrotor (3) gelagerte, mit einem Ritzel (11) versehene Welle (12) antriebsmäßig mit dem Hauptrotorantrieb verbunden ist.Centrifuge according to Claim 8, characterized in that the gear region (10) designed as a toothing is connected in terms of drive to the main rotor drive via a shaft (12) which is rotatably mounted on the main rotor (3) and is provided with a pinion (11). Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 3-9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Laufrollen (6, 7) zum Ausgleich von Unwuchten elastisch ausgebildet sind.Centrifuge according to one of claims 3-9, characterized in that the rollers (6, 7) are elastic to compensate for unbalances. Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 1-9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Achse an der Separationskammer elastische angebracht ist.Centrifuge according to one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the axis is elastically attached to the separation chamber. Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 1-10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Separationskammer (1) als insbesondere recyclbarer Einmalartikel ausgebildet ist.Centrifuge according to one of Claims 1-10, characterized in that the separation chamber (1) is designed as a disposable article, in particular, which is recyclable.
EP93109499A 1992-06-20 1993-06-15 Centrifuge Expired - Lifetime EP0575858B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE4220232A DE4220232A1 (en) 1992-06-20 1992-06-20 centrifuge
DE4220232 1992-06-20

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EP0575858A3 EP0575858A3 (en) 1994-08-10
EP0575858B1 EP0575858B1 (en) 1996-09-25

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JP (1) JP3323287B2 (en)
DE (2) DE4220232A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2092184T3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3323287B2 (en) 2002-09-09
EP0575858A3 (en) 1994-08-10
DE4220232A1 (en) 1993-12-23
EP0575858B1 (en) 1996-09-25
ES2092184T3 (en) 1996-11-16
DE59303933D1 (en) 1996-10-31
US5350514A (en) 1994-09-27
JPH06206006A (en) 1994-07-26

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