EP0347624B1 - Method of fabricating a travelling-wave tube delay line - Google Patents
Method of fabricating a travelling-wave tube delay line Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0347624B1 EP0347624B1 EP89109841A EP89109841A EP0347624B1 EP 0347624 B1 EP0347624 B1 EP 0347624B1 EP 89109841 A EP89109841 A EP 89109841A EP 89109841 A EP89109841 A EP 89109841A EP 0347624 B1 EP0347624 B1 EP 0347624B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- electrically conductive
- delay line
- helix
- spacers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009760 electrical discharge machining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
- H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
- H01J23/26—Helical slow-wave structures; Adjustment therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
- H01J23/165—Manufacturing processes or apparatus therefore
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49016—Antenna or wave energy "plumbing" making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/4902—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a delay line for a broadband traveling wave tube, which contains spacers and pole shoes, which are arranged coaxially to an electrically conductive cylinder, which contains a helix, which is accommodated in the electrically conductive cylinder and over this cylinder Holding rods is fixed in a coaxial orientation and which contains axially parallel load bars that adjoin the electrically conductive cylinder and leave a gap of only a few tenths of a millimeter that is narrowly tolerated in terms of its gap width, and in which the load bars are connected to the inner wall of the electrically conductive one Cylinders are integrally connected.
- a traveling wave tube is described, for example, in an article by J.L. Putz and J.J. Cascone described, p. IEDM 1979, p. 422-424, however, the load bars are not integrally connected to the inner wall of the electrically conductive cylinder.
- the object on which the present invention is based is to specify a method with which such delay lines can be reproduced with sufficient precision and with sufficient precision have it made. This object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1 and, in an advantageous embodiment, by the features of claim 1, the sequence of the method steps being observed, but the measures of a method step can take place in a different order.
- Load bars that are integrally connected to the inner wall of the electrically conductive cylinder are optimally fixed in their mutual position and avoid the tolerance fluctuations that are unavoidable with every soldering process and with each part being glued.
- An inclination of the axis of the cylinder with respect to the axis of symmetry of the pole shoes, the z. B. is unavoidable when soldering or gluing into the spacers and pole pieces, acts to the same extent on the delay line and the load bars.
- the mutual position of these parts is not changed. Fucussing magnets are later inserted between the pole pieces. As a result, the mutual position of the parts mentioned is no longer influenced.
- a vacuum-tight design is achieved in a simple manner by the spacers and the magnetizable pole pieces lying between them being soldered to one another and having coaxial bores, by these bores being precisely matched to the outer diameter of the electrically conductive cylinder and by the metal cylinder being inserted into these bores and with the Spacers that serve to center the focusing magnets and the pole pieces are soldered.
- Three holding rods are advantageously provided, one of the holding rods being supported by a spring against the inner wall of the electrically conductive cylinder.
- One of the materials BW, BeO, Al2O3 is particularly suitable as the material for the holding rods.
- the good thermal conductivity of the holding rods, which can also consist of diamond material for very high loads, can be used particularly advantageously here.
- the manufacturing method according to the invention also ensures high reproducibility, since the influence of the soldering processes is completely eliminated, since the final shape is only generated after the soldering.
- the helix can also be held by the known methods, such as shrinking or soldering.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example of a delay line according to the invention in a sectional view, the diameter dimensions having been greatly changed for clarity compared to a scale drawing.
- FIG. 3 shows a further example of a delay line according to the invention in a sectional view.
- a tubular body 11 is composed of annular, non-magnetic spacers 1 and pole shoes 2 made of magnetizable material.
- the pole pieces 2 protrude beyond the spacers 1 in the radial direction, so that focusing magnets can be inserted between two adjacent pole pieces in a simple manner.
- the composition of such a tubular body 11 is advantageously carried out by threading the spacers 1 and the pole pieces 2 onto a tube and then soldering the individual rings.
- the inner diameter of this tubular body 11 is adapted to the outer diameter of a cylinder 5.
- the cylinder 5 is fixed in the tubular body 11, for example by soldering. Load bars 4 are connected in one piece to the cylinder 5.
- the load webs 4 leave clear to the coaxially arranged coil 9 exactly defined in width 12 column.
- the helix 9 is supported and fixed by holding rods 6 and 8 with respect to the inner wall of the cylinder 5.
- the rods 6 lie directly on the cylinder 5, while the rod 8 is made somewhat shorter and is held under pressure by a tension spring 7.
- This pressure results in excellent heat transfer between the helix 9 and the holding rods 6 and 8 and between the holding rods 6 and the cylinder 5 or the holding rod 8 and the tension spring 7.
- the position of the helix 9 is extremely precise , because the support rods are ground very precisely to size.
- three or more holding rods 6 can also be used, in which case it is advisable to solder these holding rods 6 into the cylinder 5.
- a method is advantageous in which the tubular body 11 is first produced from the spacers 1 and the pole pieces 2 and its inner wall is brought to the required level by honing, in which case a thick-walled tube 3 is then inserted into the tubular body 11 and fixed there, in particular soldered and in which after fixing the pipe 3 the desired profile is produced by a wire erosion process, that is to say by a spark erosion process in which a wire is pulled through the pipe and at the same time moved in a plane perpendicular to the pipe axis, so that the desired contours are cut out of the wall of the tube.
- a wire erosion process that is to say by a spark erosion process in which a wire is pulled through the pipe and at the same time moved in a plane perpendicular to the pipe axis, so that the desired contours are cut out of the wall of the tube.
- the spacers 1 and the pole pieces 2 are threaded onto a thick-walled, non-magnetic tube 3 and soldered to it and to one another in one operation. Then the load webs 4 of the cylinder 5 are worked out by wire erosion from the thick-walled tube 3, the holding rods 6 and possibly the holding rods 8 and the tension spring 7 are inserted.
- This execution of the method is relatively inexpensive and in many cases it can be manufactured with sufficient precision.
- the focusing magnets required in the traveling wave tube can be inserted between the pole pieces, adjusted to optimal magnetic field distribution in cylinder 5 and glued and soldered to the pole pieces. This also means that there is no disruptive influence on the geometry of the delay line.
- the structure according to the invention also enables the use of complicated forms of the load bars, such as the load bars 10 in FIG. 3, for example. These web shapes can also be produced with high precision and reproducibility if, according to the invention, the tube 3 is previously inserted into the stable tube body 11 and fixed there.
- the specified structures can be produced, for example, in a tube 3 with an outer diameter of less than 2 mm.
- holding rods 6 of equal width can also be fixed in the cylinder 5 in the radial direction by the shrinking technique known per se.
- the shrinking technique known per se.
- a temperature difference is generated in which the tubular body 11 and the cylinder 5 are warmer than the helix 9 and the holding rods 6.
- the temperature adjusts and the helix is under pressure set and held so.
- This bracket does not result in any positional deviations that would be feared with soldering.
- the combination of the shrinking technique with additional soldering is useful, provided that the mechanical fixation takes place through the shrinking process and the solder only supports the heat transfer.
- a material for the cylinder for example, copper or a metal with a high specific electrical resistance is suitable as a material for the holding webs with relatively low requirements, ceramics, with higher requirements for heat dissipation, diamond material is recommended, since this has a significantly higher thermal conductivity than the rest suitable materials.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microwave Tubes (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Verzögerungsleitung für eine Breitband-Wanderfeldröhre, welche Abstandsstücke, und Polschuhe enthält, die koaxial zu einem elektrisch leitenden Zylinder angeordnet sind, welche eine Wendel enthält, die in dem elektrisch leitenden Zylinder untergebracht und gegenüber diesem Zylinder über Haltestäbe in koaxialer Ausrichtung fixiert ist und welche achsparallel angeordnete Belastungsstege enthält, die an den elektrisch leitfähigen Zylinder angrenzen und zur Wendel hin einen in seiner Spaltbreite eng tolerierten Spalt von nur wenigen Zehnteln eines Millimeters freilassen, und bei der die Belastungsstege mit der Innenwand des elektrisch leitfähigen Zylinders einstückig verbunden sind. Eine derartige Wanderfeldröhre ist beispielsweise in einem Artikel von J.L. Putz und J.J. Cascone beschrieben, s. IEDM 1979, p. 422-424, jedoch sind die Belastungsstege mit der Innenwand des elektrisch leitfähigen Zylinders nicht einstückig verbunden.The present invention relates to a method for producing a delay line for a broadband traveling wave tube, which contains spacers and pole shoes, which are arranged coaxially to an electrically conductive cylinder, which contains a helix, which is accommodated in the electrically conductive cylinder and over this cylinder Holding rods is fixed in a coaxial orientation and which contains axially parallel load bars that adjoin the electrically conductive cylinder and leave a gap of only a few tenths of a millimeter that is narrowly tolerated in terms of its gap width, and in which the load bars are connected to the inner wall of the electrically conductive one Cylinders are integrally connected. Such a traveling wave tube is described, for example, in an article by J.L. Putz and J.J. Cascone described, p. IEDM 1979, p. 422-424, however, the load bars are not integrally connected to the inner wall of the electrically conductive cylinder.
In derartigen Wanderfeldröhren werden extrem hohe Anforderungen an die Maßhaltigkeit der Belastungsstege und der Wendel der Wanderfeldröhre gefordert. Die Abstände zwischen der Wendel und den Belastungsstegen liegen im Bereich von wenigen Zehnteln eines Millimeters und müssen über eine Länge von z. B. 10 cm auf wenige »m genau eingehalten werden.In such traveling wave tubes, extremely high demands are placed on the dimensional accuracy of the load bars and the helix of the traveling wave tube. The distances between the helix and the load bars are in the range of a few tenths of a millimeter and must be over a length of z. B. 10 cm to a few »m exactly.
Die Aufgabe, die der vorliegenden Erfindung zugrundeliegt, besteht in der Angabe eines Verfahrens mit dem sich derartige Verzögerungsleitungen mit ausreichender Präzision und reproduzierbar herstellen lassen. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 und in einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst, wobei die Reihenfolge der Verfahrensschritte einzuhalten ist, die Maßnahmen eines Verfahrensschrittes aber in unterschiedlicher Reihenfolge stattfinden können.The object on which the present invention is based is to specify a method with which such delay lines can be reproduced with sufficient precision and with sufficient precision have it made. This object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1 and, in an advantageous embodiment, by the features of claim 1, the sequence of the method steps being observed, but the measures of a method step can take place in a different order.
Einstückig mit der Innenwand des elektrisch leitfähigen Zylinders verbundene Belastungsstege sind in ihrer gegenseitigen Lage optimal fixiert und vermeiden die Toleranzschwankungen, die bei jedem Lötvorgang und bei jeder Klebung von zwei Teilen unvermeidbar sind. Eine Neigung der Achse des Zylinders gegenüber der Symmetrieachse der Polschuhe, die z. B. beim Einlöten oder Einkleben in die Abstandsstücke und Polschuhe unvermeidbar ist, wirkt in gleichem Maße auf die Verzögerungsleitung und die Belastungsstege. Die gegenseitige Lage dieser Teile wird nicht verändert. Zwischen die Polschuhe werden später Fukussiermagnete eingesetzt. Dadurch wird die gegenseitige Lage der genannten Teile nicht mehr beeinflußt.Load bars that are integrally connected to the inner wall of the electrically conductive cylinder are optimally fixed in their mutual position and avoid the tolerance fluctuations that are unavoidable with every soldering process and with each part being glued. An inclination of the axis of the cylinder with respect to the axis of symmetry of the pole shoes, the z. B. is unavoidable when soldering or gluing into the spacers and pole pieces, acts to the same extent on the delay line and the load bars. The mutual position of these parts is not changed. Fucussing magnets are later inserted between the pole pieces. As a result, the mutual position of the parts mentioned is no longer influenced.
Eine vakuumdichte Ausführung ist auf einfache Weise erreicht, indem die Abstandsstücke und zwischen diesen liegenden magnetisierbare Polschuhe miteinander verlötet sind und koaxiale Bohrungen aufweisen, indem diese Bohrungen an den Außendurchmesser des elektrisch leitfähigen Zylinders genau angepaßt sind und indem der Metallzylinder in diese Bohrungen eingeschoben und mit den Abstandsstücken, die zur Zentrierung der Fokussiermagnete dienen, und den Polschuhen verlötet ist.A vacuum-tight design is achieved in a simple manner by the spacers and the magnetizable pole pieces lying between them being soldered to one another and having coaxial bores, by these bores being precisely matched to the outer diameter of the electrically conductive cylinder and by the metal cylinder being inserted into these bores and with the Spacers that serve to center the focusing magnets and the pole pieces are soldered.
Vorteilhaft werden drei Haltestäbe vorgesehen, wobei einer der Haltestäbe über eine Feder gegen die Innenwand des elektrisch leitenden Zylinders abgestützt ist.Three holding rods are advantageously provided, one of the holding rods being supported by a spring against the inner wall of the electrically conductive cylinder.
Es hat sich herausgestellt, daß die geforderte extrem hohe Präzision in den Abmessungen der Belastungsstege und des Zylinders mittels Drahterosion erreicht werden kann. Die angegebene Reihenfolge der Verfahrensschritte ermöglicht außerdem eine völlig verzugsfreie Ausbildung des gewünschten Profiles und eine exakte Justierung des Strahles relativ zu den Magneten. Die Drahterosion ermöglicht außerdem auch die Herstellung komplizierter Ausbildungen von Belastungsstegen. Die Reihenfolge: Zuerst Einbau des Rohres und dann Ausbildung der Belastungsstege durch Drahterosion läßt außerdem das Einbringen von Isolierstäben mit einem relativ hohem Anpreßdruck zu, der z.B. durch eine relativ harte Feder erreicht wird, da die Wand des Zylinders nach dem Einbau des Zylinders durch die Abstandsstücke und Polschuhe zusätzlich verfestigt wird und dadurch einen hohen Druck auf die Innenwand des Zylinders standhalten kann. Sie gewährleistet so eine besonders ausgeprägte und vorteilhafte Ableitung der Wärme von der Wendel. Als Material für die Haltestäbe eignet sich insbesondere einer der Stoffe BW, BeO, Al₂O₃. Die gute Wärmeleitfähigkeit der Haltestäbe, die für sehr hohe Belastungen auch aus Diamantmaterial bestehen können, kann hierbei besonders vorteilhaft ausgenützt werden.It has been found that the required extremely high precision in the dimensions of the load bars and the cylinder can be achieved by means of wire erosion. The specified sequence of the process steps also enables a completely distortion-free formation of the desired profile and an exact adjustment of the beam relative to the magnets. Wire erosion also enables the production of complicated designs of load bars. The sequence: First installation of the pipe and then formation of the load bars by wire erosion also allows the insertion of insulating bars with a relatively high contact pressure, which e.g. is achieved by a relatively hard spring, since the wall of the cylinder is additionally solidified by the spacers and pole shoes after installation of the cylinder and can therefore withstand high pressure on the inner wall of the cylinder. It thus ensures a particularly pronounced and advantageous dissipation of the heat from the coil. One of the materials BW, BeO, Al₂O₃ is particularly suitable as the material for the holding rods. The good thermal conductivity of the holding rods, which can also consist of diamond material for very high loads, can be used particularly advantageously here.
Das erfindungsgemäße Herstellverfahren gewährleistet auch eine hohe Reproduzierbarkeit, da der Einfluß der Lötvorgänge vollständig ausgeschaltet ist, indem die endgültige Form erst nach dem Löten erzeugt wird.The manufacturing method according to the invention also ensures high reproducibility, since the influence of the soldering processes is completely eliminated, since the final shape is only generated after the soldering.
Auf diese Weise läßt sich ohne besondere Schwierigkeit eine Genauigkeit von ±5»m über eine Länge von 100mm einhalten und beliebig oft reproduzieren, auch wenn der Innendurchmesser des eingebrachten Rohres nur etwa 2mm beträgt.In this way, an accuracy of ± 5 »m can be maintained over a length of 100 mm without any particular difficulty and reproduced as often as desired, even if the inside diameter of the pipe inserted is only about 2 mm.
Die Halterung der Wendel kann außer durch den beschriebenen besonders vorteilhaften Einbau auch durch die bekannten Methoden, wie z.B. Schrumpfen oder Löten ausgeführt werden.In addition to the particularly advantageous installation described, the helix can also be held by the known methods, such as shrinking or soldering.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand von drei Figuren näher erläutert. Sie ist nicht auf die in den Figuren gezeigten Beispiele beschränkt.The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to three figures. It is not limited to the examples shown in the figures.
Die Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen ein Beispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Verzögerungsleitung in geschnittener Ansicht, wobei die Durchmessermaße zur Verdeutlichung gegenüber einer maßstäblichen Zeichnung stark verändert wurden. Figur 3 zeigt ein weiteres Beispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Verzögerungsleitung in geschnittener Ansicht.FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example of a delay line according to the invention in a sectional view, the diameter dimensions having been greatly changed for clarity compared to a scale drawing. FIG. 3 shows a further example of a delay line according to the invention in a sectional view.
Aus ringförmigen, nicht magnetischen Abstandsstücken 1 und aus magnetisierbarem Material bestehenden Polschuhen 2 ist ein Rohrkörper 11 zusammengesetzt. Die Polschuhe 2 überragen in radialer Richtung die Abstandsstücke 1, so daß zwischen je zwei benachbarte Polschuhe auf einfache Weise Fokussiermagnete eingesetzt werden können. Die Zusammensetzung eines derartigen Rohrkörpers 11 erfolgt zweckmäßig durch Auffädeln der Abstandsstücke 1 und der Polschuhe 2 auf ein Rohr und anschließendes Verlöten der einzelnen Ringe. Der Innendurchmesser dieses Rohrkörpers 11 ist auf den Außendurchmesser eines Zylinders 5 angepaßt. Der Zylinder 5 ist in dem Rohrkörper 11 beispielsweise durch Löten fixiert. Mit dem Zylinder 5 sind Belastungsstege 4 einstückig verbunden. Die Belastungsstege 4 lassen zur koaxial angeordneten Wendel 9 in ihrer Breite genau definierte Spalte 12 frei. Die Wendel 9 ist durch Haltestäbe 6 und 8 gegenüber der Innenwand des Zylinders 5 gestützt und fixiert. Dabei liegen die Stäbe 6 am Zylinder 5 unmittelbar an, während der Stab 8 etwas kürzer ausgeführt ist und durch eine Spannfeder 7 unter Druck gehalten wird. Durch diesen Druck ergibt sich ein ausgezeichneter Wärmeübergang zwischen der Wendel 9 und den Haltestäben 6 und 8 und zwischen den Haltestäben 6 und dem Zylinder 5 bzw. dem Haltestab 8 und der Spannfeder 7. Gleichzeitig ergibt sich ein Höchstmaß an Präzision für die Lage der Wendel 9, da die Haltestäbe sehr exakt auf Maß geschliffen werden.A
Bei erhöhten Anforderungen an die Wärmeableitung können auch drei oder mehr Haltestäbe 6 eingesetzt werden, wobei sich dann ein Einlöten dieser Haltestäbe 6 in den Zylinder 5 empfiehlt.In the case of increased requirements for heat dissipation, three or more holding rods 6 can also be used, in which case it is advisable to solder these holding rods 6 into the cylinder 5.
Zur Herstellung einer derartigen Verzögerungsleitung ist ein Verfahren vorteilhaft, bei dem zunächst der Rohrkörper 11 aus den Abstandsstücken 1 und den Polschuhen 2 hergestellt und seine Innenwand durch Honen auf das erforderliche Maß gebracht wird, bei dem dann ein dickwandiges Rohr 3 in den Rohrkörper 11 eingeschoben und dort fixiert, insbesondere verlötet wird und bei dem nach dem Fixieren des Rohres 3 das gewünschte Profil durch ein Drahterosionsverfahren hergestellt wird, das heißt durch ein Funkenerosionsverfahren, bei dem ein Draht durch das Rohr gezogen und gleichzeitig in einer zur Rohrachse senkrechten Ebene bewegt wird, so daß die gewünschten Konturen aus der Wandung des Rohres herausgeschnitten werden. Bei diesem Verfahren können Belastungsstege von beliebigem Querschnitt herausgearbeitet werden. Dabei werden die Stirnflächen der Belastungsstege 4 und die Innenwand des Zylinders 5 mit demselben Werkzeug hergestellt, so daß ein Maximum an Genauigkeit in der gegenseitigen Lage der genannten Teile über ihre gesamte Länge erreicht wird. Dementsprechend wird auch ein Höchstmaß an Lagegenauigkeit der gegenüber der Innenwand des Zylinders 5 über die Haltestäbe 6 und 8 justierten Wendel 9 erreicht. Das Honen des Rohrkörpers 11 fördert eine ganzflächige Benetzung und eine gleichmäßige Verteilung des Lotes beim Einlöten.To produce such a delay line, a method is advantageous in which the
In einer vorteilhaften Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden die Abstandsstücke 1 und die Polschuhe 2 auf ein dickwandiges, nichtmagnetisches Rohr 3 aufgefädelt und mit diesem und untereinander in einem Arbeitsgang verlötet. Anschließend werden die Belastungsstege 4 des Zylinders 5 durch Drahterosion aus dem dickwandigen Rohr 3 herausgearbeitet, die Haltestäbe 6 und die ggf. die Haltestäbe 8 und die Spannfeder 7 werden eingeschoben. Diese Ausführung des Verfahrens ist relativ kostengünstig und in vielen Fällen ausreichend präzise herzustellen. Die in der Wanderfeldröhre erforderlichen Fokussiermagnete können zwischen die Polschuhe eingesetzt, auf optimale Magnetfeldverteilung im Zylinder 5 justiert und mit den Polschuhen verklebt und verlötet werden. Auch dadurch entsteht kein störender Einfluß auf die Geometrie der Verzögerungsleitung.In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the spacers 1 and the pole pieces 2 are threaded onto a thick-walled,
Da bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Aufbau und insbesondere unter Verwendung des angegebenen Verfahrens keinerlei Löt- oder Klebeverbindungen in die Toleranz der gegenseitigen Lage der Wendel, der Zylinderwand und der Belastungsstege eingehen, ist jede Gefahr einer Änderung der gegenseitigen Lage in radialer Richtung zwischen diesen Teilen beim Zusammenbau völlig ausgeschlossen. Der Aufbau und das Verfahren gewährleisten daher, daß eine Toleranz von beispielsweise nur ±5»m über eine Länge von 10cm in der Serie reproduzierbar eingehalten werden kann.Since in the construction according to the invention and in particular using the specified method, no soldering or adhesive connections go into the tolerance of the mutual position of the helix, the cylinder wall and the load webs, any risk of a change in the mutual position in the radial direction between these parts is completely eliminated during assembly locked out. The structure and the method therefore ensure that a tolerance of, for example, only ± 5 »m over a length of 10 cm can be maintained in a reproducible manner in the series.
Der erfindungsgemäße Aufbau ermöglicht auch den Einsatz komplizierter Formen der Belastungsstege, wie sie beispielsweise die Belastungsstege 10 in FIG 3 darstellen. Auch diese Stegformen lassen sich mit hoher Präzision und Reproduzierbarkeit herstellen, wenn erfindungsgemäß das Rohr 3 vorher in den stabilen Rohrkörper 11 eingesetzt und dort fixiert ist.The structure according to the invention also enables the use of complicated forms of the load bars, such as the load bars 10 in FIG. 3, for example. These web shapes can also be produced with high precision and reproducibility if, according to the invention, the
Mit der Erfindung lassen sich die angegebenen Strukturen beispielsweise in einem Rohr 3 mit einem Außendurchmesser von weniger als 2mm herstellen.With the invention, the specified structures can be produced, for example, in a
Sofern ein besonders geringer Wärmewiderstand zwischen den Haltestäben und der Zylinderwand erforderlich ist, können auch in radialer Richtung untereinander gleichbreite Haltestäbe 6 durch die an sich bekannte Schrumpftechnik im Zylinder 5 fixiert werden. Hierbei wird vor dem Einführen der Wendel 9 und der Haltestäbe 6 ein Temperaturunterschied erzeugt, bei dem der Rohrkörper 11 und der Zylinder 5 wärmer sind als die Wendel 9 und die Haltestäbe 6. Nach dem Einführen gleicht sich die Temperatur an, die Wendel wird unter Druck gesetzt und so gehalten. Diese Halterung ergibt keinerlei Lageabweichungen, die bei einer Lötung zu befürchten wären. Andererseits ist beispielsweise die Kombination der Schrumpftechnik mit einer zusätzlichen Lötung sinnvoll, sofern dabei die mechanische Fixierung durch den Schrumpfprozeß erfolgt und das Lot lediglich den Wärmeübergang zusätzlich unterstützt.If a particularly low thermal resistance is required between the holding rods and the cylinder wall, holding rods 6 of equal width can also be fixed in the cylinder 5 in the radial direction by the shrinking technique known per se. In this case, before the
Als Material für den Zylinder eignet sich beispielsweise Kupfer oder ein Metall mit einem hohen spezifischen elektrischen Widerstand als Material für die Haltestege bei relativ geringen Anforderungen Keramik, bei höheren Anforderungen an die Wärmeableitung empfiehlt sich Diamantmaterial, da dieses eine erheblich höhere Wärmeleitfähigkeit besitzt, als die übrigen geeigneten Werkstoffe.As a material for the cylinder, for example, copper or a metal with a high specific electrical resistance is suitable as a material for the holding webs with relatively low requirements, ceramics, with higher requirements for heat dissipation, diamond material is recommended, since this has a significantly higher thermal conductivity than the rest suitable materials.
Claims (3)
- Method for producing a delay line for a broadband travelling-wave tube, which delay line contains spacers (1) and pole shoes (2) arranged coaxially with respect to an electrically conducting cylinder (5), which delay line also contains a helix (9) placed in the electrically conducting cylinder (5) and fixed with respect to this cylinder (5) in coaxial orientation by holding rods (6, 8) and which delay line furthermore contains loading bars (4), arranged axially parallel, which adjoin the electrically conductive cylinder (5) and leave free, towards the helix (9), a gap of only a few tenths of a millimetre with low tolerance in its gap width, wherein the loading bars (4) are integrally connected to the internal wall of the electrically conductive cylinder (5), having the following procedural steps:a) the spacers (1) and pole shoes (2) are first arranged in an alternating sequence, are soldered to one another and are provided with coaxial bores,b) the coaxial bores are then matched to the diameter of the electrically conducting cylinder (5) such that the latter can be pushed in and soldered in,c) a thick-walled, electrically conductive tube (3) is then pushed into the coaxial bores and soldered in, the internal diameter of which tube is at least no larger than the smallest mutual radial separation of the loading bars (4) and the external diameter of which tube corresponds to that of the electrically conductive cylinder (5),d) the loading bars (4) are subsequently machined from the internal wall of the electrically conductive tube (3) by means of a wire spark-erosion process,e) and the holding rods (6, 8) and the helix (9) are finally inserted and fixed.
- Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the coaxial bores in the spacers (1) and pole shoes (2) are honed before pushing in.
- Method for producing a delay line for a broadband travelling-wave tube, which delay line contains spacers (1) and pole shoes (2) arranged coaxially with respect to an electrically conducting cylinder (5), which delay line also contains a helix (9) placed in the electrically conducting cylinder (5) and fixed with respect to this cylinder (5) in coaxial orientation by holding rods (6, 8) and which delay line furthermore contains loading bars (4), arranged axially parallel, which adjoin the electrically conductive cylinder (5) and leave free, towards the helix (9), a gap of only a few tenths of a millimetre with low tolerance in its gap width, wherein the loading bars (4) are integrally connected to the internal wall of the electrically conductive cylinder (5), having the following procedural steps:a) The spacers (1) and pole shoes (2) having corresponding bores are first threaded onto a thick-walled electrically conductive tube (3) whose internal diameter is no greater than the smallest mutual radial separation of the loading bars (4).b) The spacers the pole shoes (2) and the thick-walled electrically conductive tube (3) are then soldered to one another.c) The loading bars (4) are next machined from the internal wall of the electrically conductive tube (3) by means of a wire spark-erosion process.d) The holding rods (6, 8) and the helix (9) are finally inserted and fixed.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3820919 | 1988-06-21 | ||
| DE3820919 | 1988-06-21 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0347624A1 EP0347624A1 (en) | 1989-12-27 |
| EP0347624B1 true EP0347624B1 (en) | 1995-02-15 |
Family
ID=6356918
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89109841A Expired - Lifetime EP0347624B1 (en) | 1988-06-21 | 1989-05-31 | Method of fabricating a travelling-wave tube delay line |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5079830A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0347624B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE58908993D1 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK34597A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2647953B1 (en) * | 1989-05-30 | 1991-08-16 | Thomson Tubes Electroniques | MODEL OF CONSTRUCTION OF A PROPELLER DELAY LINE AND PROGRESSIVE WAVE TUBES USING THIS MODEL |
| US5332947A (en) * | 1992-05-13 | 1994-07-26 | Litton Systems, Inc. | Integral polepiece RF amplification tube for millimeter wave frequencies |
| US5341066A (en) * | 1992-09-02 | 1994-08-23 | Itt Corporation | Anisotropically loaded helix assembly for a traveling-wave tube |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL260900A (en) * | 1960-04-11 | |||
| FR1391842A (en) * | 1962-11-21 | 1965-03-12 | Lignes Telegraph Telephon | Improvements to anode and magnetron structures |
| US3142777A (en) * | 1963-07-15 | 1964-07-28 | Varian Associates | Traveling wave tubes having helix derived slow-wave circuits with tapered support stubs and loading means |
| DE1491530B2 (en) * | 1964-07-23 | 1971-11-04 | SCOOTER PIPE | |
| US3387168A (en) * | 1964-12-11 | 1968-06-04 | Varian Associates | Fin-supported helical slow wave circuit providing mode separation and suppression for traveling wave tubes |
| US3397339A (en) * | 1965-04-30 | 1968-08-13 | Varian Associates | Band edge oscillation suppression techniques for high frequency electron discharge devices incorporating slow wave circuits |
| DE2516428C2 (en) * | 1975-04-15 | 1977-03-24 | Siemens Ag | HIKING FIELD TUBE WITH A COIL-LIKE DELAY LINE |
| GB2023331A (en) * | 1978-06-08 | 1979-12-28 | English Electric Valve Co Ltd | Travelling wave tube arrangements |
| DE3216254C2 (en) * | 1982-04-30 | 1984-10-04 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Method for producing a tubular component for generating a spatially alternating magnetic field within a magnet system for guiding the electron beam from traveling wave tubes |
| DE3217077A1 (en) * | 1982-05-06 | 1983-11-10 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Travelling-wave tube with a periodic-permanent magnet focusing system |
| GB2128110B (en) * | 1982-10-06 | 1986-01-29 | English Electric Valve Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to coupled cavity travelling wave tubes |
| FR2543734B1 (en) * | 1983-03-31 | 1985-12-06 | Thomson Csf | PROGRESSIVE WAVE TUBE HAVING A HOLLOW GROOVE SLEEVE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD |
| FR2545645B1 (en) * | 1983-05-03 | 1985-12-13 | Thomson Csf | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A SOCKET OF A SHEATH SAID WITH INCORPORATED POLAR PIECES FOR MICROWAVE TUBES |
| JPH0231603Y2 (en) * | 1986-02-12 | 1990-08-27 | ||
| US4947467A (en) * | 1988-03-24 | 1990-08-07 | Manoly Arthur E | Traveling-wave tube slow-wave structure with integral conductively-loaded barrel and method of making same |
-
1989
- 1989-05-31 EP EP89109841A patent/EP0347624B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-05-31 DE DE58908993T patent/DE58908993D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-06-15 US US07/366,446 patent/US5079830A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-03-20 HK HK34597A patent/HK34597A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE58908993D1 (en) | 1995-03-23 |
| HK34597A (en) | 1997-03-27 |
| EP0347624A1 (en) | 1989-12-27 |
| US5079830A (en) | 1992-01-14 |
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