EP0281755B1 - Applicator cartridge with a dispensing piston - Google Patents

Applicator cartridge with a dispensing piston Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0281755B1
EP0281755B1 EP88101393A EP88101393A EP0281755B1 EP 0281755 B1 EP0281755 B1 EP 0281755B1 EP 88101393 A EP88101393 A EP 88101393A EP 88101393 A EP88101393 A EP 88101393A EP 0281755 B1 EP0281755 B1 EP 0281755B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
plunger
wall
cartridge
annular groove
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP88101393A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0281755A1 (en
Inventor
Wilhelm A. Keller
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KELLER, WILHELM A.
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C17/00—Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces
    • B05C17/005—Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes
    • B05C17/01—Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes with manually mechanically or electrically actuated piston or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C17/00—Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces
    • B05C17/005—Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes
    • B05C17/00576—Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes characterised by the construction of a piston as pressure exerting means, or of the co-operating container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/0005—Containers or packages provided with a piston or with a movable bottom or partition having approximately the same section as the container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C17/00—Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces
    • B05C17/005—Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes
    • B05C17/01—Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes with manually mechanically or electrically actuated piston or the like
    • B05C17/014—Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes with manually mechanically or electrically actuated piston or the like comprising means for preventing oozing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a discharge cartridge with at least one supply cylinder and a delivery piston guided therein, which has a piston body formed from the piston crown and piston wall and sealing members sliding along the cylinder wall and is intended for gradual advancement by a discharge plunger, parts of the piston body being elastically deformable by the action of a plunger.
  • Discharge cartridges of this type are used in a known manner for receiving and processing pasty, medium to low viscosity masses which are expelled through the cartridge mouth when acting on the delivery piston.
  • a difficulty in working with such cartridges is that the content tends to flow after the discharge plunger has stopped acting on the delivery piston. This phenomenon is undesirable and troublesome because it makes it impossible to work properly and to dispense small portions in a precisely metered manner.
  • the storage cylinder of the cartridge - usually designed as a thin-walled disposable part made of plastic - "breathes" when it is discharged, i.e.
  • a discharge cartridge of the type mentioned is known, the piston head on the one-piece delivery piston being curved toward the discharge plunger and the seal being formed by the cylindrical piston wall.
  • the piston crown is pressed flat, which is intended to achieve an increased sealing effect due to the radial expansion of the piston wall; in addition, the piston crown bulges out again after the plunger stroke has ended, so that the contents of the cartridge do not flow again.
  • the volume change that can be achieved solely by deforming the piston crown is very limited and, particularly when the cartridge is still full, is hardly sufficient to compensate for the "breathing" of the cartridge or to prevent it from flowing freely.
  • the piston head on the one-piece delivery piston is curved toward the contents of the cartridge; A sealing lip is formed on the outer edge of the piston head, and the piston wall lies frictionally against the cartridge wall at a distance from the sealing lip.
  • the purpose of this design of the piston is to avoid air pockets when the filled cartridge is closed.
  • the piston head between the plunger plate and the contents is elastically deformed during the plunger advance, i.e. partially flattened to press the sealing lip radially against the cartridge wall during advance and then lift it again when the piston crown is relieved and reshaped; the seal in the idle state is then given solely by the frictional piston wall section.
  • the flow is even increased by the piston crown bulging back against the cartridge content and thereby reducing the available cartridge volume.
  • the object of the present invention is to effectively prevent an uncontrolled reflow of the cartridge contents after each partial discharge and to keep the piston friction as low as possible without compromising tightness in a loaded and unloaded state by suitable design of the discharge cartridge, in particular the delivery piston.
  • a sealing ring is inserted into an annular groove adjoining the rigid piston head and the annular groove cross section can be deformed by squeezing the sealing ring in order to allow the delivery piston to retract against the feed direction when the tappet is relieved. This ensures that immediately after the piston has been relieved, the internal pressure of the cartridge is completely reduced thanks to sufficient axial volume expansion by the retreating piston before the cartridge content can flow through the mouth.
  • the "breathing" of the cartridge as such is not prevented - for example by increased wall thickness or other, costly stiffening of the cartridge cylinder - but its undesirable effects are simply eliminated.
  • the unimpeded retraction of the entire delivery plunger is facilitated by the low friction of the elastic sealing ring when unloaded and with a guaranteed sealing effect.
  • a precise measurement of the cross-sectional deformation (crushing) of the sealing ring between the loaded (feed) and unloaded state is due to predetermined, local deformation of the annular groove possible.
  • the discharge plunger or the plunger can generally be operated by hand, but special discharge devices with e.g. mechanically or pneumatically driven discharge plunger or plunger. With such a device, it has already been proposed (EP-A 0 252 401 by the same owner) to quickly and automatically retract the discharge valve or discharge rods to a certain extent after each feed step and to lift them off the delivery piston of the cartridge in order to immediately relieve the pressure on the cartridge.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show the discharge cartridge with delivery piston in longitudinal section and the associated discharge plunger; however, for the sake of simplicity, the cylinder wall 3 of the cartridge is only indicated with dash-dotted lines in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the upper half shows the relieved state when the plunger is at a standstill, while the lower half shows the situation during a feed step when the delivery piston and the sealing ring are elastically deformed; the respective deformation can be clearly seen from the comparison at the same height.
  • the discharge cartridge 1 has a storage cylinder 3 with a mouth 4 and a delivery piston 10 guided in the cylinder 3.
  • a plunger 19 of a discharge device is used to gradually advance the delivery piston 10 against the cartridge mouth 4 in order to press out the cartridge content 2 through the mouth 4.
  • the piston body of the delivery piston 10 formed by the rigid piston head 12 and the piston wall 14 is provided with sealing members sliding along the cylinder wall 3, in the form of an elastic sealing ring 11 (so-called O-ring), which fits into an annular groove 18 adjoining the piston head 12 is inserted.
  • the piston body is thus elastically deformable by axially displacing the piston wall 14 against the piston crown 12, the groove flank formed on the piston wall being axially displaced and the cross section of the annular groove 18 narrowing, with the sealing ring being pinched.
  • the end face 16 of the piston wall 14 facing the plunger 19 forms a first contact area for the plunger.
  • a second contact area is formed by the end face 17 of a support cylinder 12a formed on the piston head 12, which end face is slightly behind the first area 16 in the undeformed state of the piston body (upper half of FIG. 1).
  • the plunger 19 When the plunger 19 begins to advance in the direction of the arrow (lower half of FIG. 1), it initially pushes the plunger wall 14 against the plunger base over the support 16, with the counter pressure of the cartridge contents 2 onto the plunger base 12, the diaphragm 15 deforming the groove 18 narrowed and the ring 11 are squeezed. This deformation of the piston comes to a standstill as soon as the second support 17 also comes into play on the tappet and the deformed piston is then displaced as a whole.
  • the two separate bearing areas 16 and 17 guarantee, on the one hand, a limited and precisely defined deformation of the piston body and thus of the ring 11, and on the other hand, when the feed is pushed, the ram force is introduced directly onto the rigid piston head 12 via the second support 17, i.e. the bottom 12 is supported on the plunger 19 via the surface 17.
  • the required pressure of the sealing ring 18 (as well as the sealing members in the exemplary embodiments described below) on the cartridge cylinder in the unloaded, undeformed state of the delivery piston is comparatively low because only the practically unpressurized cartridge content needs to be sealed during storage and the pauses between the feed steps; this circumstance enables the piston to be sufficiently retracted towards the tappet when the tappet is relieved. Because then the piston head 12 is rigid and the respective deformation of the piston body is precisely defined, there is a precise relationship between the ram stroke and volume discharged through the cartridge mouth 4; This is particularly important in the case of two-component systems which are discharged from double cartridges, since the exact volumetric ratio of the two partial quantities discharged from the two cartridge cylinders per ram stroke is important.
  • the radial gap 13 need not necessarily be symmetrical to the two side flanks of the annular groove 18 as in FIG. 1. Rather, it can also be shifted (slightly different from FIG. 1) to one side flank, so that this e.g. just merges into one side wall of the gap 13.
  • the delivery plunger 20 provided with piston crown 22 and piston wall 24 according to FIG. 2 also has an annular groove 28 into which a sealing ring 21 is inserted.
  • the base 23 of the groove 28, which connects the piston wall 24 in one piece to the rigid piston head 22, is thin-walled and correspondingly deformable; opposite him is a conical section 26 of the discharge plunger 2g on the inside.
  • the groove base 23 forms a first contact area when the plunger feed begins and is deformed by the plunger section 26 while narrowing the groove cross section and correspondingly pinching the ring 21.
  • the deformation is ended as soon as the tappet end face meets a support surface 27 provided on the piston crown 22. About this additional support then the forward stroke of the deformed delivery piston (lower half in Fig. 2) with increased pressure on the sealing ring 21. At the end of the feed, with relieved or slightly returned plunger 29, the deformation of the groove base and the sealing ring disappears immediately, whereby the piston 20 withdraws and the cartridge content does not flow again.
  • piston crown 32, piston wall 34, annular groove 38 and sealing ring 31 are designed similarly to the example according to FIG. 2.
  • the groove cross section is narrowed and the ring 31 is pinched by axial Displacement of the one flank formed on the piston wall 34 in that the end face 35 of the piston wall faces a collar surface 36 on the tappet 39 and forms a first contact area for the latter.
  • a support surface 37 on the piston crown rests on the plunger only when the piston is deformed during the advance and forms an additional contact area which limits the piston deformation.
  • a conical pushing portion 36a (or shaped corresponding to the groove base 33) can support the groove base radially during the advance.
  • the groove cross sections are designed in an unusual manner and the sealing ring is subjected to deformations which are generally not considered to be permissible for low-wear permanent function in machine and apparatus construction.
  • additional design options are specifically used, which are given by the fact that such dispensing cartridges are disposable products, the components of which only have to withstand a few functional cycles. Nevertheless, with the measures according to the invention the desired effect and a high level of functional reliability can be achieved during the short period of use. Since the elastic deformation of the groove cross section caused by the tappet is also accompanied by a radial expansion of the sealing ring, the piston seal follows the expanding, "breathing" cartridge wall while maintaining sufficient pressure, so that the secure seal is retained even during the advance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Austragkartusche mit mindestens einem Vorratszylinder und einem darin geführten Förderkolben, welcher einen aus Kolbenboden und Kolbenwand gebildeten Kolbenkörper sowie entlang der Zylinderwand gleitende Dichtorgane aufweist und zum schrittweisen Vorschub durch einen Austragstössel bestimmt ist, wobei Teile des Kolbenkörpers durch Stösseleinwirkung elastisch verformbar sind.The invention relates to a discharge cartridge with at least one supply cylinder and a delivery piston guided therein, which has a piston body formed from the piston crown and piston wall and sealing members sliding along the cylinder wall and is intended for gradual advancement by a discharge plunger, parts of the piston body being elastically deformable by the action of a plunger.

Austragkartuschen dieser Art dienen in bekannter Weise zur Aufnahme und Verarbeitung von pastösen, mittel- bis dünnflüssigen Massen, die bei Einwirkung auf den Förderkolben durch die Kartuschenmündung ausgetrieben werden. Eine Schwierigkeit beim Arbeiten mit solchen Kartuschen besteht darin, dass der Inhalt zum Nachfliessen neigt, nachdem die Einwirkung des Austragstössels auf den Förderkolben aufgehört hat. Diese Erscheinung ist unerwünscht und lästig, weil sie ein sauberes Arbeiten und das genau dosierte Austragen von kleinen Teilmengen verunmöglicht. Als Hauptursache des Nachfliessens wurde erkannt, dass der Vorratszylinder der Kartusche - meist als dünnwandiges Wegwerfteil aus Kunststoff ausgeführt - beim Austragen "atmet", d.h. unter dem Druck des Kartuscheninhaltes beim Kolbenvorschub von innen elastisch gedehnt wird und nach dem Wegfall des Austragdruckes wieder die Ausgangsgestalt annimmt, während der Förderkolben jedoch infolge der erheblichen Dichtungsreibung gegenüber der Zylinderwand stehen bleibt. Besonders ausgeprägt und störend sind diese Erscheinungen bei sogenannten Doppelkartuschen für Zweikomponenten-Massen wie Kleber, Dichtmassen usw., mit an die Kartuschenmündung angeschlossenem Strömungsmischer, weil infolge des Mischers der Ausströmwiderstand für die Massen und dementsprechend der zum Austragen erforderliche Kartuschen-Innendruck besonders hoch sind und daher einen relativ hohen Anpressdruck der Kolbendichtung an die Zylinderwand wie auch entsprechend hohe Stösselkräfte auf die Förderkolben erfordern.Discharge cartridges of this type are used in a known manner for receiving and processing pasty, medium to low viscosity masses which are expelled through the cartridge mouth when acting on the delivery piston. A difficulty in working with such cartridges is that the content tends to flow after the discharge plunger has stopped acting on the delivery piston. This phenomenon is undesirable and troublesome because it makes it impossible to work properly and to dispense small portions in a precisely metered manner. It was recognized as the main cause of the reflow that the storage cylinder of the cartridge - usually designed as a thin-walled disposable part made of plastic - "breathes" when it is discharged, i.e. is stretched elastically from the inside under the pressure of the cartridge contents during the piston advance and assumes the initial shape again after the discharge pressure has been eliminated, but the delivery piston remains standing against the cylinder wall due to the considerable sealing friction. These phenomena are particularly pronounced and disturbing in so-called double cartridges for two-component compounds such as adhesives, sealing compounds, etc., with a flow mixer connected to the cartridge mouth, because the mixer means that the outflow resistance for the compounds and, accordingly, the cartridge internal pressure required for discharge are particularly high and therefore require a relatively high contact pressure of the piston seal on the cylinder wall as well as correspondingly high tappet forces on the delivery pistons.

Aus der FR-PS 1 263 356 ist eine Austragkartusche der eingangs genannten Art bekannt, wobei am einstückigen Förderkolben der Kolbenboden zum Austragstössel hin gewölbt ist und die Dichtung durch die zylindrische Kolbenwand gebildet wird. Jeweils während des Stösselvorschubs wird der Kolbenboden flachgedrückt, wodurch eine erhöhte Dichtwirkung infolge radialer Ausweitung der Kolbenwand erreicht werden soll; ausserdem wölbt sich der Kolbenboden nach Beendigung des Stösselhubes wieder aus, so dass ein Nachfliessen des Kartuscheninhalts vermieden werden soll. Hierbei ist allerdings die allein durch Verformung des Kolbenbodens erzielbare Volumenänderung sehr begrenzt und besonders bei noch voller Kartusche kaum ausreichend, um das "Atmen" der Kartusche zu kompensieren bzw. ein Nachfliessen ganz zu verhindern. Ferner ist nachteilig, dass eine radiale Formänderung der Kolbenwand durch die erwähnte Einwirkung des Kolbenbodens nicht so beherrschbar ist, dass - bei den bestehenden Fertigungstoleranzen - die Dichtheit des Kolbens sowohl während des Vorschubs als auch im Ruhezustand gewährleistet ist. Soll letzteres erreicht werden, so ist damit jedenfalls zwangsläufig eine hohe Kolbenreibung verbunden.From FR-PS 1 263 356 a discharge cartridge of the type mentioned is known, the piston head on the one-piece delivery piston being curved toward the discharge plunger and the seal being formed by the cylindrical piston wall. Each time the ram is being pushed, the piston crown is pressed flat, which is intended to achieve an increased sealing effect due to the radial expansion of the piston wall; in addition, the piston crown bulges out again after the plunger stroke has ended, so that the contents of the cartridge do not flow again. Here, however, the volume change that can be achieved solely by deforming the piston crown is very limited and, particularly when the cartridge is still full, is hardly sufficient to compensate for the "breathing" of the cartridge or to prevent it from flowing freely. Another disadvantage is that a radial change in shape of the piston wall is not so controllable by the aforementioned action of the piston head that - with the existing manufacturing tolerances - the tightness of the piston is guaranteed both during the feed and in the idle state. If the latter is to be achieved, a high piston friction is inevitably associated with this.

Bei einer weiteren bekannten Austragkartusche der genannten Art (FR-PS 2 097 755) ist am einstückigen Förderkolben der Kolbenboden zum Kartuscheninhalt hin gewölbt; am Aussenrand des Kolbenbodens ist eine Dichtlippe angeformt, und die Kolbenwand liegt im Abstand von der Dichtlippe reibschlüssig an der Kartuschenwand an. Mit dieser Gestaltung des Kolbens wird bezweckt, Lufteinschlüsse beim Verschliessen der gefüllten Kartusche zu vermeiden. Beim Austragen des Kartuscheninhalts wird jeweils während des Stösselvorschubes der Kolbenboden zwischen dem Stösselteller und dem Inhalt elastisch verformt, d.h. teilweise flachgedrückt, um die Dichtlippe beim Vorschub radial gegen die Kartuschenwand zu drücken und nachher bei entlastetem, zurückgeformtem Kolbenboden wieder abzuheben; die Dichtung im Ruhezustand ist dann allein durch den reibschlüssigen Kolbenwand-Abschnitt gegeben. Eine Verhinderung des Nachfliessens des Kartuscheninhaltes ist bei dieser Ausführung weder beabsichtigt noch möglich, im Gegenteil wird sogar das Nachfliessen verstärkt, indem der Kolbenboden sich gegen den Kartuscheninhalt hin zurückwölbt und dabei das verfügbare Kartuschenvolumen verkleinert.In a further known discharge cartridge of the type mentioned (FR-PS 2 097 755), the piston head on the one-piece delivery piston is curved toward the contents of the cartridge; A sealing lip is formed on the outer edge of the piston head, and the piston wall lies frictionally against the cartridge wall at a distance from the sealing lip. The purpose of this design of the piston is to avoid air pockets when the filled cartridge is closed. When the contents of the cartridge are discharged, the piston head between the plunger plate and the contents is elastically deformed during the plunger advance, i.e. partially flattened to press the sealing lip radially against the cartridge wall during advance and then lift it again when the piston crown is relieved and reshaped; the seal in the idle state is then given solely by the frictional piston wall section. Preventing the cartridge from flowing back is neither intended nor possible in this embodiment, on the contrary, the flow is even increased by the piston crown bulging back against the cartridge content and thereby reducing the available cartridge volume.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, durch geeignete Gestaltung der Austragkartusche, insbesondere des Förderkolbens, ein unkontrolliertes Nachfliessen des Kartuscheninhalts nach jedem Teilaustrag wirksam zu unterbinden und dabei die Kolbenreibung möglichst niedrig zu halten, ohne Kompromisse bezüglich Dichtheit in belastetem und unbelastetem Zustand einzugehen.The object of the present invention is to effectively prevent an uncontrolled reflow of the cartridge contents after each partial discharge and to keep the piston friction as low as possible without compromising tightness in a loaded and unloaded state by suitable design of the discharge cartridge, in particular the delivery piston.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass in eine an den starren Kolbenboden anschliessende Ringnut ein Dichtungsring eingelegt und der Ringnut-Querschnitt unter Quetschung des Dichtungsringes verformbar ist, um bei entlastetem Stössel den Förderkolben entgegen der Vorschubrichtung zurückweichen zu lassen. Damit wird erreicht, dass jeweils unmittelbar nach der Kolbenentlastung der Kartuschen-Innendruck dank ausreichender axialer Volumenerweiterung durch den zurückweichenden Kolben sich vollständig abbaut, bevor der Kartuschen-Inhalt durch die Mündung nachfliessen kann. Mit der erfindungsgemässen Lösung wird also nicht das "Atmen" der Kartusche als solches verhindert - etwa durch erhöhte Wandstärke oder anderweitige, kostspielige Versteifung des Kartuschenzylinders -sondern es werden auf einfache Weise dessen unerwünschten Auswirkungen beseitigt. Das ungehinderte Zurückweichen des ganzen Förderkolbens wird erleichtert durch die an sich geringe Reibung des elastischen Dichtungsringes im entlasteten Zustand und bei gewährleisteter Dichtwirkung. Ueberdies ist eine genaue Bemessung der Querschnitt-Verformung (Quetschung) des Dichtungsringes zwischen belastetem (Vorschub) und entlastetem Zustand durch vorbestimmte, örtliche Verformung der Ringnut möglich.This object is achieved according to the invention in that a sealing ring is inserted into an annular groove adjoining the rigid piston head and the annular groove cross section can be deformed by squeezing the sealing ring in order to allow the delivery piston to retract against the feed direction when the tappet is relieved. This ensures that immediately after the piston has been relieved, the internal pressure of the cartridge is completely reduced thanks to sufficient axial volume expansion by the retreating piston before the cartridge content can flow through the mouth. With the solution according to the invention, the "breathing" of the cartridge as such is not prevented - for example by increased wall thickness or other, costly stiffening of the cartridge cylinder - but its undesirable effects are simply eliminated. The unimpeded retraction of the entire delivery plunger is facilitated by the low friction of the elastic sealing ring when unloaded and with a guaranteed sealing effect. In addition, a precise measurement of the cross-sectional deformation (crushing) of the sealing ring between the loaded (feed) and unloaded state is due to predetermined, local deformation of the annular groove possible.

Die Betätigung des Austragstössels bzw. der Stössel kann grundsätzlich von Hand erfolgen, üblich sind jedoch besondere Austraggeräte mit z.B. mechanisch oder pneumatisch vorgetriebenem Austragstössel bzw. -Stösseln. An einem solchen Gerät wurde bereits vorgeschlagen (EP-A 0 252 401 des gleichen Inhabers), den oder die Austragstössei nach jedem Vorschubschritt schnell und selbsttätig um ein gewisses Mass zurückzuführen und vom Förderkolben der Kartusche abzuheben, um eine sofortige Druckentlastung der Kartusche zu erreichen.The discharge plunger or the plunger can generally be operated by hand, but special discharge devices with e.g. mechanically or pneumatically driven discharge plunger or plunger. With such a device, it has already been proposed (EP-A 0 252 401 by the same owner) to quickly and automatically retract the discharge valve or discharge rods to a certain extent after each feed step and to lift them off the delivery piston of the cartridge in order to immediately relieve the pressure on the cartridge.

Besondere Ausführungsformen der Erfindung, die sich in der Gestaltung des Förderkolbens-unterscheiden, sind in den Ansprüchen 2 bis 6 gekennzeichnet. Die Erfindung lässt sich selbstverständlich gleichermassen an Einfach- wie an Doppelkartuschen oder gar Mehrfachkartuschen anwenden.Particular embodiments of the invention, which differ in the design of the delivery piston, are characterized in claims 2 to 6. The invention can of course be applied equally to single and double cartridges or even multiple cartridges.

Verschiedene Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachstehend in Verbindung mit den Figuren 1 bis 3 der Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Es ist jeweils die Austragkartusche mit Förderkolben im Längsschnitt sowie der zugehörige Austragstössel dargestellt; der Einfachheit halber ist jedoch in den Figuren 2 und 3 die Zylinderwand 3 der Kartusche nur mit strichpunktierten Linien angedeutet. Bei allen Figuren zeigt jeweils die obere Hälfte den entlasteten Zustand bei stillstehendem Stössel, während die untere Hälfte die Situation während einem Vorschubschritt bei elastischer Verformung des Förderkolbens und des Dichtungsringes zeigt; aus der Gegenüberstellung auf gleicher Höhe ist die jeweilige Verformung gut zu erkennen.Various embodiments of the invention are described below in connection with Figures 1 to 3 of the drawing. The discharge cartridge with delivery piston in longitudinal section and the associated discharge plunger are shown; however, for the sake of simplicity, the cylinder wall 3 of the cartridge is only indicated with dash-dotted lines in FIGS. 2 and 3. In each of the figures, the upper half shows the relieved state when the plunger is at a standstill, while the lower half shows the situation during a feed step when the delivery piston and the sealing ring are elastically deformed; the respective deformation can be clearly seen from the comparison at the same height.

Die Austragkartusche 1 gemäss Fig. 1 weist einen Vorratszylinder 3 mit Mündung 4 und einen im Zylinder 3 geführten Förderkolben 10 auf. Ein Stössel 19 eines Austraggerätes dient dazu, den Förderkolben 10 schrittweise gegen die Kartuschenmündung 4 vorzuschieben, um den Kartuscheninhalt 2 durch die Mündung 4 auszupressen. Der durch den starren Kolbenboden 12 und die Kolbenwand 14 gebildete Kolbenkörper des Förderkolbens 10 ist mit entlang der Zylinderwand 3 gleitenden Dichtorganen versehen, und zwar in Form eines elastischen Dichtungsringes 11 (sogenannter O-ring), welcher in eine an den Kolbenboden 12 anschliessende Ringnut 18 eingelegt ist.The discharge cartridge 1 according to FIG. 1 has a storage cylinder 3 with a mouth 4 and a delivery piston 10 guided in the cylinder 3. A plunger 19 of a discharge device is used to gradually advance the delivery piston 10 against the cartridge mouth 4 in order to press out the cartridge content 2 through the mouth 4. The piston body of the delivery piston 10 formed by the rigid piston head 12 and the piston wall 14 is provided with sealing members sliding along the cylinder wall 3, in the form of an elastic sealing ring 11 (so-called O-ring), which fits into an annular groove 18 adjoining the piston head 12 is inserted.

Von den beiden seitlichen Flanken der Nut 18 ist die eine am Kolbenboden 12 und die andere an der Kolbenwand 14 ausgebildet. Der Nutgrund ist durch einen radialen Spalt 13 getrennt. Dieser ist stösselseitig durch eine elastische Membran 15 begrenzt, welche die Kolbenwand 14 mit dem Kolbenboden 12 in seinem mittleren Bereich verbindet. Durch axiale Verschiebung der Kolbenwand 14 gegen den Kolbenboden 12 ist somit der Kolbenkörper elastisch verformbar, wobei die an der Kolbenwand angeformte Nutflanke axial verschoben wird und der Querschnitt der Ringnut 18 sich unter Quetschung des Dichtungsringes verengt.Of the two lateral flanks of the groove 18, one is formed on the piston crown 12 and the other on the piston wall 14. The bottom of the groove is separated by a radial gap 13. This is delimited on the ram side by an elastic membrane 15, which connects the piston wall 14 to the piston crown 12 in its central region. The piston body is thus elastically deformable by axially displacing the piston wall 14 against the piston crown 12, the groove flank formed on the piston wall being axially displaced and the cross section of the annular groove 18 narrowing, with the sealing ring being pinched.

Die dem Stössel 19 zugewandte Stirnseite 16 der Kolbenwand 14 bildet einen ersten Auflagebereich für den Stössel. Ein zweiter Auflagebereich wird durch die Stirnseite 17 eines am Kolbenboden 12 angeformten Stützzylinders 12a gebildet, welche Stirnseite im unverformten Zustand des Kolbenkörpers etwas gegenüber dem ersten Bereich 16 zurücksteht (obere Hälfte der Fig. 1).The end face 16 of the piston wall 14 facing the plunger 19 forms a first contact area for the plunger. A second contact area is formed by the end face 17 of a support cylinder 12a formed on the piston head 12, which end face is slightly behind the first area 16 in the undeformed state of the piston body (upper half of FIG. 1).

Bei beginnendem Vorschub des Stössels 19 in Pfeilrichtung (untere Hälfte der Fig. 1) schiebt dieser zunächst - bei bestehendem Gegendruck des Kartuscheninhalts 2 auf den Kolbenboden 12 - über die Auflage 16 die Kolbenwand 14 gegen den Kolbenboden, wobei die Membran 15 verformt, die Nut 18 verengt und der Ring 11 gequetscht werden. Diese Verformung des Kolbens kommt zum Stillstand, sobald die zweite Auflage 17 zusätzlich am Stössel zum Tragen kommt und anschliessend der verformte Kolben als Ganzes verschoben wird. Somit gewährlei sten die beiden getrennten Auflagebereiche 16 und 17 einerseits eine begrenzte und genau definierte Verformung des Kolbenkörpers und damit des Ringes 11, anderseits wird beim Vorschub die Stösselkraft über die zweite Auflage 17 unmittelbar auf den starren Kolbenboden 12 eingeleitet, d.h. der Boden 12 ist über die Fläche 17 am Stössel 19 abgestützt.When the plunger 19 begins to advance in the direction of the arrow (lower half of FIG. 1), it initially pushes the plunger wall 14 against the plunger base over the support 16, with the counter pressure of the cartridge contents 2 onto the plunger base 12, the diaphragm 15 deforming the groove 18 narrowed and the ring 11 are squeezed. This deformation of the piston comes to a standstill as soon as the second support 17 also comes into play on the tappet and the deformed piston is then displaced as a whole. Thus, the two separate bearing areas 16 and 17 guarantee, on the one hand, a limited and precisely defined deformation of the piston body and thus of the ring 11, and on the other hand, when the feed is pushed, the ram force is introduced directly onto the rigid piston head 12 via the second support 17, i.e. the bottom 12 is supported on the plunger 19 via the surface 17.

Die Verengung der Ringnut 18 während des Kolbenvorschubes bewirkt eine entsprechende Querschnittverformung des elastischen Dichtungsringes 11, welcher mit erhöhter Kraft radial gegen die Zylinderwand 3 gepresst wird. Es kommt dadurch beim Vorschub eine verstärkte Dichtwirkung zustande, wie sie in anbetracht des dann stark erhöhten Drucks des Kartuscheninhaltes wie auch der druckbedingten leichten Aufweitung der Kartusche erforderlich ist. Vor allem wesentlich ist jedoch, dass die elastische Verformung des Kolbenkörpers und des Dichtungsringes wieder verschwindet, d.h. der Kolben wieder die Ausgangsgestalt annimmt (obere Hälfte in Fig. 1), sobald am Ende eines Vorschubschrittes der Stössel 19 entlastet ist bzw. - durch ein entsprechend ausgebildetes Austraggerät - etwas vom Förderkolben 10 abgehoben wird. Bei der nun wieder geringeren Anpressung des Dichtungsringes 11 und entsprechend stark verminderter Kolbenreibung gegenüber dem Zylinder 3 weicht der gesamte Kolben 10 unter dem Innendruck des Kartuscheninhaltes sogleich zurück, bevor der Inhalt durch die Mündung 4 nachfliessen kann; damit einhergehend baut sich auch eine vorher bei der Drucksteigerung eingetretene "Aufblähung" des Zylinders wieder ab.The narrowing of the annular groove 18 during the piston feed causes a corresponding cross-sectional deformation of the elastic sealing ring 11, which is pressed radially against the cylinder wall 3 with increased force. This results in an increased sealing effect during the advance, as is necessary in view of the then greatly increased pressure of the cartridge contents and the pressure-related slight expansion of the cartridge. Above all, it is essential that the elastic deformation of the piston body and the sealing ring disappears again, i.e. the piston again assumes the initial shape (upper half in FIG. 1) as soon as the plunger 19 is relieved at the end of a feed step or is lifted somewhat from the delivery piston 10 by a suitably designed discharge device. With the pressure of the sealing ring 11 now lower again and the piston friction correspondingly greatly reduced relative to the cylinder 3, the entire piston 10 immediately recedes under the internal pressure of the cartridge contents before the contents can flow through the mouth 4; accompanying this, a "puffing up" of the cylinder that previously occurred when the pressure increased also diminishes again.

Die erforderliche Anpressung des Dichtungsringes 18 (wie auch der Dichtorgane bei den nachstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen) an den Kartuschenzylinder im entlasteten, unverformten Zustand des Förderkolbens ist vergleichsweise gering, weil nur der praktisch drucklose Kartuscheninhalt während der Lagerung und den Pausen zwischen den Vorschubschritten abgedichtet werden muss; dieser Umstand ermöglicht bei entlastetem Stössel ein erfindungsgemäss angestrebtes, ausreichendes Zurückweichen des Kolbens zum Stössel hin. Weil sodann der Kolbenboden 12 starr und ferner die jeweilige Verformung des Kol benkörpers genau definiert ist, besteht ein genauer Zusammenhang zwischen dem Stösselhub und dem durch die Kartuschenmündung 4 ausgetragenen Volumen; dies ist besonders wichtig bei Zweikomponenten-Systemen, welche aus Doppelkartuschen ausgetragen werden, indem es dort auf das genaue volumentrische Verhältnis der beiden je Stösselhub aus den beiden Kartuschenzylindern ausgetragenen Teilmengen ankommt.The required pressure of the sealing ring 18 (as well as the sealing members in the exemplary embodiments described below) on the cartridge cylinder in the unloaded, undeformed state of the delivery piston is comparatively low because only the practically unpressurized cartridge content needs to be sealed during storage and the pauses between the feed steps; this circumstance enables the piston to be sufficiently retracted towards the tappet when the tappet is relieved. Because then the piston head 12 is rigid and the respective deformation of the piston body is precisely defined, there is a precise relationship between the ram stroke and volume discharged through the cartridge mouth 4; This is particularly important in the case of two-component systems which are discharged from double cartridges, since the exact volumetric ratio of the two partial quantities discharged from the two cartridge cylinders per ram stroke is important.

Der radiale Spalt 13 muss nicht unbedingt wie in Fig. 1 zu den beiden Seitenflanken der Ringnut 18 symmetrisch liegen. Vielmehr kann er auch (von Fig. 1 leicht abweichend) zur einen Seitenflanke hin verschoben sein, so dass diese z.B. eben in die eine Seitenwand des Spaltes 13 übergeht.The radial gap 13 need not necessarily be symmetrical to the two side flanks of the annular groove 18 as in FIG. 1. Rather, it can also be shifted (slightly different from FIG. 1) to one side flank, so that this e.g. just merges into one side wall of the gap 13.

Bei den nachfolgenden Beispielen wird das Zurückweichen des Förderkolbens jeweils anschliessend an einen Vorschubschritt durch andere Gestaltung des Kolbens bzw. andere elastische Verformung des Ringnut-Querschnittes erreicht: Der mit Kolbenboden 22 und Kolbenwand 24 versehene Förderkolben 20 nach Fig 2 weist ebenfalls eine Ringnut 28 auf, in die ein Dichtungsring 21 eingelegt ist Der Grund 23 der Nut 28, welcher die Kolbenwand 24 einstückig mit dem starren Kolbenboden 22 verbindet, ist dünnwandig und entsprechend verformbar gestaltet; ihm gegenüber liegt auf der Innenseite ein konischer Abschnitt 26 des Austragstössels 2g. Der Nutgrund 23 bildet einen ersten Auflagebereich bei beginnendem Stösselvorschub und wird unter Verengung des Nutquerschnittes und entsprechender Quetschung des Ringes 21 vom Stösselabschnitt 26 verformt. Die Verformung ist beendet, sobald die Stössel-Stirnfläche auf eine am Kolbenboden 22 vorhandene Stützfläche 27 trifft. Ueber diese zusätzliche Auflage erfolgt dann der Vorwärtshub des verformten Förderkolbens (untere Hälfte in Fig. 2) bei verstärkter Anpressung des Dichtungsringes 21. Am Ende des Vorschubes, bei entlastetem bzw. geringfügig zurückgeführtem Stössel 29 verschwindet sogleich die Verformung des Nutgrundes und des Dichtungsringes, wodurch der Kolben 20 zurückweicht und ein Nachfliessen des Kartuschen-Inhaltes unterbleibt.In the following examples, the retraction of the delivery plunger is in each case achieved after a feed step by a different design of the plunger or other elastic deformation of the annular groove cross section: The delivery plunger 20 provided with piston crown 22 and piston wall 24 according to FIG. 2 also has an annular groove 28 into which a sealing ring 21 is inserted. The base 23 of the groove 28, which connects the piston wall 24 in one piece to the rigid piston head 22, is thin-walled and correspondingly deformable; opposite him is a conical section 26 of the discharge plunger 2g on the inside. The groove base 23 forms a first contact area when the plunger feed begins and is deformed by the plunger section 26 while narrowing the groove cross section and correspondingly pinching the ring 21. The deformation is ended as soon as the tappet end face meets a support surface 27 provided on the piston crown 22. About this additional support then the forward stroke of the deformed delivery piston (lower half in Fig. 2) with increased pressure on the sealing ring 21. At the end of the feed, with relieved or slightly returned plunger 29, the deformation of the groove base and the sealing ring disappears immediately, whereby the piston 20 withdraws and the cartridge content does not flow again.

Beim Förderkolben 30 nach Fig. 3 sind Kolbenboden 32, Kolben wand 34, Ringnut 38 und Dichtungsring 31 ähnlich gestaltet wie beim Beispiel nach Fig. 2. Jedoch erfolgt hier wieder wie bei Fig. 1 eine Verengung des Nutquerschnittes und Quetschung des Ringes 31 durch axiale Verschiebung der einen, an der Kolbenwand 34 angeformten Nutflanke, indem die Stirnseite 35 der Kolbenwand einer Bundfläche 36 am Stössel 39 gegenübersteht und einen ersten Auflagebereich für diesen bildet. Eine Stützfläche 37 am Kolbenboden liegt nur bei verformtem Kolben während des Vorschubes am Stössel an und bildet einen zusätzli chen, die Kolbenverformung begrenzenden Auflagebereich. Ein konischer (oder dem Nutgrund 33 entsprechend geformter) Stösseiabschnitt 36a kann beim Vorschub den Nutgrund radial abstützen. Die Wirkungsweise dieser Ausführungsform ist nach den vorausgegangenen Erläuterungen leicht zu erkennen.3, piston crown 32, piston wall 34, annular groove 38 and sealing ring 31 are designed similarly to the example according to FIG. 2. However, here again, as in FIG. 1, the groove cross section is narrowed and the ring 31 is pinched by axial Displacement of the one flank formed on the piston wall 34 in that the end face 35 of the piston wall faces a collar surface 36 on the tappet 39 and forms a first contact area for the latter. A support surface 37 on the piston crown rests on the plunger only when the piston is deformed during the advance and forms an additional contact area which limits the piston deformation. A conical pushing portion 36a (or shaped corresponding to the groove base 33) can support the groove base radially during the advance. The mode of operation of this embodiment can easily be seen from the preceding explanations.

Bei den beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen mag überraschen, dass die Nutquerschnitte unüblich gestaltet sind und der Dichtungsring Verformungen unterworfen wird, wie sie im Maschinen-und Apparatebau allgemein für eine verschleissarme Dauerfunktion nicht als zulässig erachtet werden. Hier werden jedoch ungewöhnliche, zusätzliche Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten gezielt ausgenützt, die durch den Umstand gegeben sind, dass es sich bei solchen Austragkartuschen um Wegwerfprodukte handelt, deren Bestandteile nur wenige Funktionsspiele aushalten müssen. Gleichwohl lassen sich mit den erfindungsgemässen Massnahmen die angestrebte Wirkung und eine hohe Funktionssicherheit während der kurzen Gebrauchsdauer erreichen. Indem mit der vom Stössel verursachten, elastischen Verformung des Nutquerschnittes auch eine radiale Ausdehnung des Dichtungsringes einhergeht, folgt die Kolbendichtung unter Aufrechterhaltung einer ausreichenden Anpressung jeweils der sich aufweitenden, "atmenden" Kartuschenwand, so dass auch während des Vorschubs die sichere Abdichtung erhalten bleibt.In the case of the exemplary embodiments described, it may be surprising that the groove cross sections are designed in an unusual manner and the sealing ring is subjected to deformations which are generally not considered to be permissible for low-wear permanent function in machine and apparatus construction. Here, however, unusual, additional design options are specifically used, which are given by the fact that such dispensing cartridges are disposable products, the components of which only have to withstand a few functional cycles. Nevertheless, with the measures according to the invention the desired effect and a high level of functional reliability can be achieved during the short period of use. Since the elastic deformation of the groove cross section caused by the tappet is also accompanied by a radial expansion of the sealing ring, the piston seal follows the expanding, "breathing" cartridge wall while maintaining sufficient pressure, so that the secure seal is retained even during the advance.

Claims (6)

1. Applicator cartridge with at least one reservoir cylinder (3) and a dispensing piston (10, 20, 30) which is guided therein and which has a piston barrel, which is formed from piston head (12, 22, 32) and piston wall (14, 24, 34), and sealing elements (11, 21, 31), which slide along the cylinder wall, and which is intended to be advanced in a stepwise manner by an applicator plunger (19, 29, 39), parts of the piston barrel being elastically deformable by action of the plunger, characterized in that a sealing ring (11, 21, 31) is placed into an annular groove (18, 28, 38) adjoining the rigid piston head (12, 22, 32), and the annular groove crosssection is deformable, squeezing the sealing ring, in order to permit the dispensing piston (10, 20, 30) to recede counter to the direction of advance when the plunger (19, 29, 39) is unstressed.
2. Applicator cartridge according to Claim 1, characterized in that the piston wall (14, 34) is, with a flank of the annular groove (18, 38) which is formed on it, axially displaceable in relation to the piston head (12, 32).
3. Applicator cartridge according to Claim 2, characterized in that the piston wall (14) is connected to the piston head (12) via a diaphragm (15) which is separated from the piston head (12) by a radial fissure (13).
4. Applicator cartridge according to Claim 2, characterized in that the base (33) of the annular groove (38) is flexible and connects the piston wall (34) to the piston head (32).
5. Applicator cartridge according to Claim 1, characterized in that the base (23) of the annular groove (28) is radially deformable.
6. Applicator cartridge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the piston head (22, 32) or a support cylinder (12a) extending from it forms a support area (17, 27, 37) for the plunger (19, 29, 39), limiting the deformation.
EP88101393A 1987-02-13 1988-02-01 Applicator cartridge with a dispensing piston Expired - Lifetime EP0281755B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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CH55587 1987-02-13
CH555/87 1987-02-13

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EP0281755A1 EP0281755A1 (en) 1988-09-14
EP0281755B1 true EP0281755B1 (en) 1990-11-07

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EP88101393A Expired - Lifetime EP0281755B1 (en) 1987-02-13 1988-02-01 Applicator cartridge with a dispensing piston

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US (1) US4834268A (en)
EP (1) EP0281755B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH067940B2 (en)
DE (1) DE3860957D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2019410B3 (en)

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DE10342090B4 (en) * 2003-09-10 2007-06-06 Heraeus Kulzer Gmbh Closure plunger for cartridges with venting and barrier properties

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS63221867A (en) 1988-09-14
DE3860957D1 (en) 1990-12-13
EP0281755A1 (en) 1988-09-14
ES2019410B3 (en) 1991-06-16
US4834268A (en) 1989-05-30
JPH067940B2 (en) 1994-02-02

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