EP0108744B1 - Open-ended mould for a continuous-casting plant - Google Patents

Open-ended mould for a continuous-casting plant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0108744B1
EP0108744B1 EP83890186A EP83890186A EP0108744B1 EP 0108744 B1 EP0108744 B1 EP 0108744B1 EP 83890186 A EP83890186 A EP 83890186A EP 83890186 A EP83890186 A EP 83890186A EP 0108744 B1 EP0108744 B1 EP 0108744B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wear
resistant layer
open
grid
layer
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Expired
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EP83890186A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0108744A2 (en
EP0108744A3 (en
Inventor
Erich Misera
Hubert Floh
Reinhard Hargassner
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Voestalpine AG
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Voestalpine AG
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Priority claimed from AT402382A external-priority patent/AT375571B/en
Priority claimed from AT132083A external-priority patent/AT377932B/en
Application filed by Voestalpine AG filed Critical Voestalpine AG
Publication of EP0108744A2 publication Critical patent/EP0108744A2/en
Publication of EP0108744A3 publication Critical patent/EP0108744A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/059—Mould materials or platings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a continuous mold for a continuous caster, in particular a steel continuous caster, with inner walls made of copper or a copper alloy, the inner walls being provided on their side facing the mold cavity with a wear-resistant layer, which layer extends from the outlet end of the mold over part of the Length of the mold extends.
  • Such a continuous mold is known from JP-A-57-68248.
  • the thickness of the wear-resistant layer has been kept as small as possible; it was chosen to be no larger than 1.5 mm. If the wear-resistant layer is applied electrolytically to the inner walls, since the electrolytic process is an expensive process, the layer thickness has been kept even smaller, for example in a range of a maximum of a few tenths of a millimeter. This results in another disadvantage; it has been shown that a shape deviation of the mold side walls only decisively influences the strand quality from a size of about 2 mm, so that one was forced to replace the wear-resistant layer before a maximum permissible shape deviation was reached, namely when the wear-resistant layer was used up.
  • JP-A-5 768 248 JP-A-5 768 2478 to provide the inner walls of the mold with a wear-resistant layer which extends from the outlet end of the mold only over part of the length of the mold.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a mold of the type mentioned at the outset with an extremely wear-resistant, relatively thick layer which is inexpensive to apply and which only slightly, if at all, reduces the heat transfer compared to an uncoated mold.
  • the wear-resistant layer contains 0.1 to 1.5% carbon, 2 to 20% chromium, 0.5 to 15% molybdenum and optionally up to 5% tungsten, up to 5% vanadium and up to 5% niobium , Remainder iron and melting-related impurities.
  • a relatively simple and inexpensive method for applying the wear-resistant layer is characterized in that an intermediate layer made of a nickel-copper alloy is welded between the wear-resistant layer and the inner wall is applied to the inner wall and the wear-resistant layer is also applied to the intermediate layer in a thickness of 3 to 10 mm by build-up welding.
  • the provision of an intermediate layer results in good mechanical adhesion between the wear-resistant layer and the inner walls.
  • the intermediate layer expediently contains 1 to 5% manganese, 0.5 to 1.5% silicon, 20 to 50% copper, the remainder nickel and melting-related impurities and optionally up to 5% niobium and / or iron and / or titanium.
  • the wear-resistant layer is applied directly to the inner wall without an intermediate layer by brazing, which makes it possible to achieve a good mechanical connection of the wear-resistant layer with the copper inner walls of the continuous mold despite the absence of the intermediate layer.
  • the wear-resistant layer is lattice-shaped, the surface areas of the inner walls lying between lattice bars of the wear-resistant layer being formed from the base material of the inner walls.
  • the bars are preferably inclined to the vertical axis of the mold, preferably arranged inclined at an angle between 30 and 60 °.
  • the ratio of the distance between two bars to the width of a bar is expediently in a range between 3 and 5.
  • the lattice-like wear layer is formed by lattice bars which are at right angles to one another and are arranged at the same distance from one another.
  • the grid-like wear layer according to the invention can be applied by welding in grooves in an inner wall.
  • a preferred method of applying the wear layer is characterized in that the inner wall is provided with grooves arranged in the form of a grid, that a grid is formed from bars of the wear-resistant layer and then this grid is pressed into the grooves of the inner wall, the grid being expediently from the rear the inner walls are secured with screws.
  • the wear-resistant layer is formed from the side regions of the inner wall to the central region of the inner wall according to an essentially concave curve, for example in the form of a semicircle or in a U-shape.
  • Fig. 1 is a view of a narrow side wall of a slab casting mold according to a first embodiment
  • Fig. 2 is a view of such a view according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a view of a broad side wall of a continuous slab casting mold.
  • 4 and 5 illustrate a section along the line IV-IV of FIG. 1 and according to the line V-V according to FIG. 2.
  • FIGS. 6, 8 and 9 show frontal views of the inner walls according to another embodiment.
  • Fig. 7 shows a section along the line VII-VII of Fig. 6.
  • the narrow side wall 1 of a continuous casting mold which is provided with internal cooling, is made of copper or a copper alloy.
  • a wear-resistant layer 4 which extends over the entire width 3, is applied in the outlet-side region 2 of this narrow side wall. This wear-resistant layer 4 extends over a length 5 of the mold with approximately 200 mm in the central region 6 of the side wall.
  • the total length 7 of the narrow side wall is 900 mm.
  • the wear-resistant layer extends over a greater length 10 (measured from the end), namely over a length of approximately 250 mm.
  • the entire width 3 of the side wall 1 is approximately 210 mm.
  • the limit curve of the wear-resistant layer is a concave curve 11 u. In between, it is formed approximately in the shape of a semicircle, the radius 12 of which corresponds to half the width 3.
  • the wear-resistant layer which has the following directional analysis: 0.9% carbon, 4.0% chromium, 9.5% molybdenum, 2.2% tungsten, 2.0% vanadium, the rest Iron and melting-related impurities, and which is applied in a thickness 13 of about 5 mm
  • the copper part of the narrow side wall 1 is provided with an intermediate layer 14, which has the following directional analysis: 0.02% carbon, 2.4% manganese, 0.75 % Silicon, 30.0% copper. 1% niobium, 1% iron, 0.25% titanium. Remainder nickel and melting-related impurities.
  • the hardness of the wear-resistant layer 4 is approximately 55 to 60 HRC.
  • the wear-resistant layer 4 in the central region 6 of the narrow side wall 1 with a width of 100 mm also extends over a length 5 of approximately 200 mm measured from the outlet-side end 15 of the narrow side wall.
  • the wear-resistant layer 4 extends in a length 10 of at least 250 mm. It is advantageous to guide the wear-resistant layer on these side regions 8, 9 up to the inlet-side end 16 of the narrow side wall.
  • the width 3 of the narrow side wall is approximately 210 mm.
  • the contour 11 of the wear-resistant layer is approximately U-shaped in the plan view of the narrow side wall 1.
  • the wear-resistant layer 4 is applied directly to the copper part of the narrow side wall 1, i. H. without intermediate layer 14, with brazing being chosen as the application method.
  • the chemical composition of the wear-resistant layer 4 corresponds approximately to that of a wear-resistant layer according to FIG. 1.
  • the wear of the wide side walls 17 is significantly less in relation to the wear of the narrow side walls.
  • a wear-resistant layer 4 can nevertheless be provided on the broad side walls, this wear-resistant layer 4 again being arranged only in the outlet region 2 of the broad side wall, as is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the wear-resistant layer is arranged according to FIG. 3 over a length 5 of 100 mm over the entire width 3, the mold length 7 being fixed at 900 mm and the width 3 of the broad side wall being set at around 1 750 mm.
  • a grid-like wear-resistant layer 18 extending over the entire width 3 is provided in the outlet-side region 2 of a narrow side wall.
  • This grid-shaped layer 18 extends over a length 5 of the mold of approximately 300 mm.
  • the total length 7 of the narrow side wall is 900 mm.
  • This wear-resistant layer advantageously consists of martensitic steel with a chromium and molybdenum content, wherein it advantageously contains 0.1 to 1.5% carbon, 2 to 20% chromium, 0.5 to 15% molybdenum and optionally up to 5% tungsten, contains up to 5% vanadium and up to 5% niobium, balance iron and melting-related impurities.
  • the wear-resistant layer is provided on an inner wall 1 as follows: First, grid-shaped grooves 19 with a depth 20 of approximately 7 to 10 mm are milled into the inner wall, whereupon the inner wall is preheated to a temperature of approximately 270 ° C. This temperature is below the recrystallization temperature of the material from which the inner wall is made. An intermediate layer 21 is provided in these grooves 19 in a thickness of approximately 4 mm, u. by deposition welding, which has the following directional analysis: 0.02% carbon, 2.4% manganese, 0.75% silicon, 30.0% copper, 1% niobium, 1% iron, 0.25% titanium, the rest nickel and contamination from melting.
  • the grooves 19 are then welded to the wear-resistant layer 18, cooled and finished.
  • the wear-resistant layer 18 has the following directional analysis: 0.9% carbon, 4.0% chromium, 9.5% molybdenum, 2.2% tungsten, 2.0% vanadium, remainder iron and impurities due to melting.
  • the lattice bars 22 forming the wear-resistant layer are inclined at an angle 24 of 45 ° to the vertical axis 23 of the inner walls * and the ratio of the distance 25 between two adjacent lattice bars 22 to the width 26 of a lattice bar 22 is four.
  • the width 26 of a lattice bar 22 is approximately 5 mm.
  • the areas made of the material of the inner walls lying between the lattice bars are of square shape according to FIG. 6.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 differs from that according to FIG. 1 in that in the central region 6 of the inner wall 1 the length 5 of the lattice-like wear-resistant layer 18 extends to approximately 150 mm, whereas in the side regions 8, 9 of the inner wall the wear-resistant one Layer is guided over a length 10 of about 300 mm.
  • the total length 7 of the inner wall is also approximately 900 mm.
  • a particularly advantageous method for arranging the lattice-like wear-resistant layer can be accomplished by pressing a lattice welded from square bars 22 of the wear material into the grooves after milling out the lattice-shaped grooves 19, whereupon the lattice is screwed from the rear of the inner walls by means of screws 27 is secured.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown, but can be modified in various respects, for example it can also be used for continuous casting molds with billet cross-section, all four mold inner walls advantageously being provided with a wear-resistant layer in the same way, whereas molds with a slab cross-sectional format in the first place the application of the wear-resistant layer for the narrow sides is important; the broad sides could also be formed without a wear-resistant layer because of the significantly lower wear.
  • Chromium plating which serves to prevent the absorption of copper in the melt
  • Chromium plating can be provided in the usual way on the inner walls of the mold after the wear-resistant layer has been applied. After application, this layer usually extends over the entire inner walls of the mold, but is quickly removed from the strand shell.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Durchlaufkokille für eine Stranggießanlage, insbesondere eine Stahl-Stranggießanlage, mit Innenwänden aus Kupfer oder einer Kupferlegierung, wobei die Innenwände an ihrer dem Kokillenhohlraum zugekehrten Seite mit einer verschleißfesten Schicht versehen sind, welche Schicht sich vom Auslaufende der Kokille über einen Teil der Länge der Kokille erstreckt.The invention relates to a continuous mold for a continuous caster, in particular a steel continuous caster, with inner walls made of copper or a copper alloy, the inner walls being provided on their side facing the mold cavity with a wear-resistant layer, which layer extends from the outlet end of the mold over part of the Length of the mold extends.

Solch eine Durchlauf Kokille ist aus der JP-A-57-68 248 bekannt.Such a continuous mold is known from JP-A-57-68248.

Es ist bekannt, die Innenwände einer Kokille mit verschleißfesten Schichten zu versehen, beispielsweise durch Sprengplattieren, durch elektrolytisches Aufbringen bzw. durch Spritzen. Diese bekannten Kokillen weisen die verschleißfesten Schichten über die gesamte Erstreckung der Seitenwände auf. Bei diesen bekannten Kokillen ist daher der Wärmeübergang von der Schmelze bzw. der Strangschale zu den Innenwänden der Kokille durch die verschleißfeste Schicht nachteilig beeinflußt. Zusätzlich zu diesem Nachteil ergeben sich hohe Kosten für die verschleißfesten Schichten und deren Aufbringung.It is known to provide the inner walls of a mold with wear-resistant layers, for example by explosive plating, by electrolytic application or by spraying. These known molds have the wear-resistant layers over the entire extent of the side walls. In these known molds, the heat transfer from the melt or the strand shell to the inner walls of the mold is therefore adversely affected by the wear-resistant layer. In addition to this disadvantage, there are high costs for the wear-resistant layers and their application.

Um den Wärmeübergang nicht allzusehr zu beeinträchtigen, hat man die Dicke der verschleißfesten Schicht möglichst gering gehalten ; man hat sie nicht größer gewählt als 1,5 mm. Wird die verschleißfeste Schicht elektrolytisch auf die Innenwände aufgebracht, so wurde die Schichtdicke, da das elektrolytische Verfahren ein teurer Prozeß ist, noch geringer gehalten, beispielsweise in einem Bereich von maximal einigen Zehntelmillimetern. Daraus resultiert ein weiterer Nachteil ; es hat sich nämlich gezeigt, daß eine Formabweichung der Kokillenseitenwände erst ab einem Ausmaß von etwa 2 mm die Strangqualität entscheidend beeinflußt, so daß man gezwungen war, noch vor Erreichen einer maximal zulässigen Formabweichung die verschleißfeste Schicht zu ersetzen, nämlich dann, wenn die verschleißfeste Schicht aufgebraucht war.In order not to impair the heat transfer too much, the thickness of the wear-resistant layer has been kept as small as possible; it was chosen to be no larger than 1.5 mm. If the wear-resistant layer is applied electrolytically to the inner walls, since the electrolytic process is an expensive process, the layer thickness has been kept even smaller, for example in a range of a maximum of a few tenths of a millimeter. This results in another disadvantage; it has been shown that a shape deviation of the mold side walls only decisively influences the strand quality from a size of about 2 mm, so that one was forced to replace the wear-resistant layer before a maximum permissible shape deviation was reached, namely when the wear-resistant layer was used up.

Zur Vermeidung dieser Nachteile ist es bekannt (JP-A-5 768 248), die Innenwände der Kokille mit einer verschleißfesten Schicht zu versehen, die sich vom Auslaufende der Kokille nur über einen Teil der Länge der Kokille erstreckt.To avoid these disadvantages, it is known (JP-A-5 768 248) to provide the inner walls of the mold with a wear-resistant layer which extends from the outlet end of the mold only over part of the length of the mold.

Aus der JP-Gebrauchsmusteroffenlegung Sho-54-155916 ist eine Durchlaufkokille der eingangs genannten Art bekannt, deren Schicht aus Cr oder Ni sich im Mittenbereich der Innenwände vom Auslaufende über einen Teil der Länge der Kokille und in den Eckbereichen der Innenwände über die gesamte Länge der Kokille erstreckt, was dazu dienen soll, die Temperatur an den Seitenwänden der Kokille über deren Fläche zu vergleichmäßigen.From JP utility model disclosure Sho-54-155916 a continuous mold of the type mentioned is known, the layer of Cr or Ni in the central area of the inner walls from the outlet end over part of the length of the mold and in the corner areas of the inner walls over the entire length of the The mold extends, which should serve to even out the temperature on the side walls of the mold over its surface.

Es ist weiters bekannt, die Innenwände der Kokille mit einer aus metallurgischen Gründen aufgebrachten sehr dünnen Beschichtung, z. B. Verchromung, zu versehen. Eine solche Schicht dient ebenfalls nicht als verschleißfeste Schicht, da sie in kurzer Zeit von der Strangschale abgearbeitet wird. Sie dient vielmehr dazu, die Schmelze vor der Aufnahme von Kupfer aus den Kokillenwänden zu schützen.It is also known to coat the inner walls of the mold with a very thin coating applied for metallurgical reasons, e.g. B. chrome plating. Such a layer also does not serve as a wear-resistant layer, since it is processed from the strand shell in a short time. Rather, it serves to protect the melt from the absorption of copper from the mold walls.

Die Erfindung stellt sich die Aufgabe, eine Kokille der eingangs genannten Art mit einer extrem verschleißfesten, verhältnismäßig dicken Schicht zu versehen, die kostengünstig aufzubringen ist und die den Wärmeübergang gegenüber einer unbeschichtete Wände aufweisenden Kokille nur unmerklich, wenn überhaupt, herabsetzt.The object of the invention is to provide a mold of the type mentioned at the outset with an extremely wear-resistant, relatively thick layer which is inexpensive to apply and which only slightly, if at all, reduces the heat transfer compared to an uncoated mold.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß

  • - sich die verschleißfeste Schicht vom Auslaufende der Kokille bis maximal über ein Drittel der Länge der Kokille im Mittenbereich der Innenwände erstreckt ;
  • - sich in den die Kanten des Stranges stützenden Seitenbereichen der Innenwände über mindestens die Länge der verschleißfesten Schicht im Mittenbereich bis maximal über die gesamte Länge der Kokille erstreckt und
  • - die Schicht aus verschleißfestem martensitischem Stahl mit einem Gehalt an Chrom und Molybdän besteht.
This object is achieved in that
  • - The wear-resistant layer extends from the outlet end of the mold to a maximum of a third of the length of the mold in the central region of the inner walls;
  • - In the side regions of the inner walls supporting the edges of the strand, it extends over at least the length of the wear-resistant layer in the central region and at most over the entire length of the mold
  • - The layer consists of wear-resistant martensitic steel containing chromium and molybdenum.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß trotz des Vorsehens der verschleißfesten Schicht lediglich im Auslaufbereich der Kokille der Verschleiß an den restlichen Innenwandteilen wesentlich herabgesetzt ist, denn es wurde festgestellt, daß der Verschleiß von den auslaufseitigen Endkanten der'Kokiiien- seitenwände aus ausgeht. Der Verschleiß schreitet gewissermaßen vom auslaufseitigen Ende der Kokille zum Gießspiegel, d. h. zum einlaufseitigen Ende der Kokille fort. Durch Unterbinden des Verschleißbeginns am auslaufseitigen Ende der Kokille ergibt sich überraschenderweise auch eine wesentliche Herabsetzung des Verschleißes der näher dem einlaufseitigen Ende der Kokille liegenden ungeschützten Innenwandteile, die bei der erfindungsgemäßen Kokille frei von einer verschleißfesten Schicht gehalten sind, so daß der Wärmeübergang in diesem Bereich, an dem der größte Wärmeübergang stattfindet, also dem Bereich zwischen Gießspiegel und dem erstmaligen Abheben der Strangschale von den Innenwänden der Durchlaufkokille, in gleicher Weise vor sich geht wie bei herkömmlichen Durchlaufkokillen ohne verschleißfeste Schicht.It has been shown that the wear is substantially reduced on the remaining inner wall parts despite the provision of the wear-resistant layer only in the outlet region of the mold, since it has been found that the wear of the outlet-side end edges of the 'Kokiiien- side walls emanating from. The wear progresses to a certain extent from the outlet end of the mold to the casting level, ie to the inlet end of the mold. By preventing the start of wear at the outlet end of the mold, surprisingly there is also a substantial reduction in the wear of the unprotected inner wall parts closer to the inlet end of the mold, which are kept free of a wear-resistant layer in the mold according to the invention, so that the heat transfer in this area, where the greatest heat transfer takes place, i.e. the area between the mold level and the first lifting of the strand shell from the inner walls of the continuous mold, takes place in the same way as in conventional continuous molds without a wear-resistant layer.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform enthält die verschleißfeste Schicht 0,1 bis 1,5 % Kohlenstoff, 2 bis 20% Chrom, 0,5 bis 15% Molybdän sowie gegebenenfalls bis zu 5 % Wolfram, bis zu 5 % Vanadium und bis zu 5 % Niob, Rest Eisen und erschmelzungsbedingte Verunreinigungen.According to a preferred embodiment, the wear-resistant layer contains 0.1 to 1.5% carbon, 2 to 20% chromium, 0.5 to 15% molybdenum and optionally up to 5% tungsten, up to 5% vanadium and up to 5% niobium , Remainder iron and melting-related impurities.

Ein verhältnismäßig einfaches und kostengünstiges Verfahren zum Aufbringen der verschleißfesten Schicht ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen der verschleißfesten Schicht und der Innenwand eine Zwischenschicht aus einer Nickel-Kupfer-Legierung durch Auftragsschweißen an die Innenwand aufgebracht ist und die verschleißfeste Schicht ebenfalls durch Auftragsschweißen in einer Dicke von 3 bis 10 mm an der Zwischenschicht aufgebracht ist. Durch das Vorsehen einer Zwischenschicht ergibt sich eine gute mechanische Haftung zwischen der verschleißfesten Schicht und den Innenwänden.A relatively simple and inexpensive method for applying the wear-resistant layer is characterized in that an intermediate layer made of a nickel-copper alloy is welded between the wear-resistant layer and the inner wall is applied to the inner wall and the wear-resistant layer is also applied to the intermediate layer in a thickness of 3 to 10 mm by build-up welding. The provision of an intermediate layer results in good mechanical adhesion between the wear-resistant layer and the inner walls.

Zweckmäßig enthält die Zwischenschicht 1 bis 5 % Mangan, 0,5 bis 1,5 % Silizium, 20 bis 50 % Kupfer, Rest Nickel und erschmelzungsbedingte Verunreinigungen sowie gegebenenfalls bis zu 5 % Niob und/oder Eisen und/oder Titan.The intermediate layer expediently contains 1 to 5% manganese, 0.5 to 1.5% silicon, 20 to 50% copper, the remainder nickel and melting-related impurities and optionally up to 5% niobium and / or iron and / or titanium.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die verschleißfeste Schicht unmittelbar an der Innenwand ohne Zwischenschicht durch Hartlöten aufgebracht, wodurch es möglich ist, trotz Verzicht auf die Zwischenschicht eine gute mechanische Verbindung der verschleißfesten Schicht mit den kupfernen Innenwänden der Durchlaufkokille zu erzielen.According to a preferred embodiment, the wear-resistant layer is applied directly to the inner wall without an intermediate layer by brazing, which makes it possible to achieve a good mechanical connection of the wear-resistant layer with the copper inner walls of the continuous mold despite the absence of the intermediate layer.

Um den Verzug der Innenwände möglichst gering zu halten, so daß man Maßnahmen, die man bisher zur Beseitigung des Verzuges ergreifen mußte, nicht mehr bzw. nicht mehr in dem Ausmaß wie bisher ergreifen muß, und um den Wärmeübergang in dem mit einer verschleißfesten Schicht versehenen Bereich der Kokille zu erhöhen, ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform die verschleißfeste Schicht gitterförmig gestaltet, wobei die zwischen Gitterstäben der verschleißfesten Schicht liegenden Oberflächenbereiche der Innenwände aus dem Grundwerkstoff der Innenwände gebildet sind.In order to keep the warpage of the inner walls as low as possible, so that measures which had to be taken to eliminate the warp, no longer or no longer have to be taken to the extent as before, and to prevent the heat transfer in the one provided with a wear-resistant layer According to a preferred embodiment, to increase the area of the mold, the wear-resistant layer is lattice-shaped, the surface areas of the inner walls lying between lattice bars of the wear-resistant layer being formed from the base material of the inner walls.

Vorzugsweise sind die Gitterstäbe zur Vertikalachse der Kokille geneigt, vorzugsweise in einem Winkel zwischen 30 und 60° geneigt angeordnet.The bars are preferably inclined to the vertical axis of the mold, preferably arranged inclined at an angle between 30 and 60 °.

Zweckmäßig liegt das Verhältnis des Abstandes zwischen zwei Gitterstäben zur Breite eines Gitterstabes in einem Bereich zwischen 3 und 5.The ratio of the distance between two bars to the width of a bar is expediently in a range between 3 and 5.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist die gitterförmige Verschleißschicht von im rechten Winkel zueinander stehenden und im gleichen Abstand voneinander angeordneten Gitterstäben gebildet.According to an advantageous embodiment, the lattice-like wear layer is formed by lattice bars which are at right angles to one another and are arranged at the same distance from one another.

Die erfindungsgemäße gitterförmige Verschleißschicht läßt sich durch Aufschweißen in Nuten einer Innenwand aufbringen. Ein bevorzugtes Verfahren der Anbringung der Verschleißschicht ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Innenwand mit gitterförmig angeordneten Nuten versehen wird, daß aus Stäben der verschleißfesten Schicht ein Gitter gebildet wird und anschließend dieses Gitter in die Nuten der Innenwand eingepreßt wird, wobei zweckmäßig das Gitter von der Rückseite der Innenwände her mittels Schrauben gesichert wird.The grid-like wear layer according to the invention can be applied by welding in grooves in an inner wall. A preferred method of applying the wear layer is characterized in that the inner wall is provided with grooves arranged in the form of a grid, that a grid is formed from bars of the wear-resistant layer and then this grid is pressed into the grooves of the inner wall, the grid being expediently from the rear the inner walls are secured with screws.

Für die Schmalseitenwände einer Kokille mit Brammenquerschnittsformat ist es von besonderem Vorteil, wenn die verschleißfeste Schicht von den Seitenbereichen der Innenwand zum Mittenbereich der Innenwand nach einer im wesentlichen konkaven Kurve, etwa in Form eines Halbkreises oder in U-Form, ausgebildet ist.For the narrow side walls of a mold with a slab cross-sectional format, it is particularly advantageous if the wear-resistant layer is formed from the side regions of the inner wall to the central region of the inner wall according to an essentially concave curve, for example in the form of a semicircle or in a U-shape.

Die Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert, wobei Fig. 1 eine Ansicht einer Schmalseitenwand einer Brammenstranggießkokille gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform und Fig. 2 eine ebensolche Ansicht gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform darstellen.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a view of a narrow side wall of a slab casting mold according to a first embodiment and Fig. 2 is a view of such a view according to a second embodiment.

Fig. 3 ist die Ansicht einer Breitseitenwand einer Brammenstranggießkokille. Die Fig. 4 und 5 veranschaulichen einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie IV-IV der Fig. 1 bzw. gemäß der Linie V-V gemäß Fig. 2. Die Fig. 6, 8 und 9 zeigen Frontalansichten der Innenwände nach je einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel. Fig. 7 stellt einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie VII-VII der Fig. 6 dar.3 is a view of a broad side wall of a continuous slab casting mold. 4 and 5 illustrate a section along the line IV-IV of FIG. 1 and according to the line V-V according to FIG. 2. FIGS. 6, 8 and 9 show frontal views of the inner walls according to another embodiment. Fig. 7 shows a section along the line VII-VII of Fig. 6.

Die mit einer Innenkühlung versehene Schmalseitenwand 1 einer Stranggießkokille ist aus Kupfer oder einer Kupferlegierung gefertigt. Im auslaufseitigen Bereich 2 dieser Schmalseitenwand ist eine sich über die gesamte Breite 3 erstreckende verschleißfeste Schicht 4 aufgebracht. Diese verschleißfeste Schicht 4 erstreckt sich über eine Länge 5 der Kokille mit etwa 200 mm im Mittenbereich 6 der Seitenwand. Die Gesamtlänge 7 der Schmalseitenwand beträgt 900 mm.The narrow side wall 1 of a continuous casting mold, which is provided with internal cooling, is made of copper or a copper alloy. A wear-resistant layer 4, which extends over the entire width 3, is applied in the outlet-side region 2 of this narrow side wall. This wear-resistant layer 4 extends over a length 5 of the mold with approximately 200 mm in the central region 6 of the side wall. The total length 7 of the narrow side wall is 900 mm.

In den die Kantenbereiche des Stranges stützenden Seitenbereichen 8, 9 der Schmalseitenwand 1 erstreckt sich die verschleißfeste Schicht über eine größere Länge 10 (vom Ende her gemessen), nämlich über eine Länge von etwa 250 mm. Die gesamte Breite 3 der Seitenwand 1 beträgt etwa 210 mm. Die Begrenzungskurve der verschleißfesten Schicht ist eine konkave Kurve 11, u. zw. ist sie etwa in der Form eines Halbkreises ausgebildet, dessen Radius 12 der halben Breite 3 entspricht.In the side regions 8, 9 of the narrow side wall 1 supporting the edge regions of the strand, the wear-resistant layer extends over a greater length 10 (measured from the end), namely over a length of approximately 250 mm. The entire width 3 of the side wall 1 is approximately 210 mm. The limit curve of the wear-resistant layer is a concave curve 11 u. In between, it is formed approximately in the shape of a semicircle, the radius 12 of which corresponds to half the width 3.

Wie aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich ist, ist zwischen der verschleißfesten Schicht, die folgende Richtanalyse hat: 0,9% Kohlenstoff, 4,0 % Chrom, 9,5 % Molybdän, 2,2 % Wolfram, 2,0 % Vanadium, Rest Eisen und erschmelzungsbedingte Verunreinigungen, und die in einer Dicke 13 von etwa 5 mm aufgebracht ist, und dem Kupferteil der Schmalseitenwand 1 eine Zwischenschicht 14 vorgesehen, die folgende Richtanalyse- aufweist : 0,02 % Kohlenstoff, 2,4% Mangan, 0,75 % Silizium, 30,0 % Kupfer. 1 % Niob, 1 % Eisen, 0,25 % Titan. Rest Nickel und erschmelzungsbedingte Verunreinigungen.As can be seen from FIG. 4, between the wear-resistant layer, which has the following directional analysis: 0.9% carbon, 4.0% chromium, 9.5% molybdenum, 2.2% tungsten, 2.0% vanadium, the rest Iron and melting-related impurities, and which is applied in a thickness 13 of about 5 mm, and the copper part of the narrow side wall 1 is provided with an intermediate layer 14, which has the following directional analysis: 0.02% carbon, 2.4% manganese, 0.75 % Silicon, 30.0% copper. 1% niobium, 1% iron, 0.25% titanium. Remainder nickel and melting-related impurities.

Beide Schichten, sowohl die Zwischenschicht 14 als auch die verschleißfeste Schicht 4, wurden durch Auftragsschweißen aufgebracht. Die Härte der verschleißfesten Schicht 4 beträgt etwa 55 bis 60 HRC.Both layers, both the intermediate layer 14 and the wear-resistant layer 4, were applied by build-up welding. The hardness of the wear-resistant layer 4 is approximately 55 to 60 HRC.

Gemäß der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsform erstreckt sich die verschleißfeste Schicht 4 im Mittenbereich 6 der Schmalseitenwand 1 mit einer Breite von 100 mm ebenfalls über eine Länge 5 von etwa 200 mm gemessen vom auslaufseitigen Ende 15 der Schmalseitenwand.According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the wear-resistant layer 4 in the central region 6 of the narrow side wall 1 with a width of 100 mm also extends over a length 5 of approximately 200 mm measured from the outlet-side end 15 of the narrow side wall.

In den die Kantenbereiche des Stranges stützenden Seitenbereichen 8, 9 der Schmalseitenwand 1 erstreckt sich die verschleißfeste Schicht 4 in einer Länge 10 von mindestens 250 mm. Vorteilhaft ist es, an diesen Seitenbereichen 8, 9 die verschleißfeste Schicht bis zum einlaufseitigen Ende 16 der Schmalseitenwand zu führen. Die Breite 3 der Schmalseitenwand beträgt etwa 210 mm.In the side regions 8, 9 of the narrow side wall 1 supporting the edge regions of the strand, the wear-resistant layer 4 extends in a length 10 of at least 250 mm. It is advantageous to guide the wear-resistant layer on these side regions 8, 9 up to the inlet-side end 16 of the narrow side wall. The width 3 of the narrow side wall is approximately 210 mm.

Die Kontur 11 der verschleißfesten Schicht ist in der Draufsicht auf die Schmalseitenwand 1 etwa U-förmig ausgebildet.The contour 11 of the wear-resistant layer is approximately U-shaped in the plan view of the narrow side wall 1.

Wie aus dem Schnittbild gemäß Fig. 5 ersichtlich ist, ist die verschleißfeste Schicht 4 am Kupferteil der Schmalseitenwand 1 direkt aufgebracht, d. h. ohne Zwischenschicht 14, wobei als Auftragsverfahren das Hartlöten gewählt wurde. Die chemische Zusammensetzung der verschleißfesten Schicht 4 entspricht etwa der einer verschieißfesten Schicht gemäß Fig. 1.As can be seen from the sectional view according to FIG. 5, the wear-resistant layer 4 is applied directly to the copper part of the narrow side wall 1, i. H. without intermediate layer 14, with brazing being chosen as the application method. The chemical composition of the wear-resistant layer 4 corresponds approximately to that of a wear-resistant layer according to FIG. 1.

Bei Durchlaufkokillen mit Brammenquerschnittsformat ist der Verschleiß der Breitseitenwände 17 im Verhältnis zum Verschleiß der Schmalseitenwände wesentlich geringer. Man kann an den Breitseitenwänden jedoch trotzdem eine verschleißfeste Schicht 4 vorsehen, wobei diese verschleißfeste Schicht 4 wiederum nur im Auslaufbereich 2 der Breitseitenwand angeordnet ist, wie dies in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist. Die verschleißfeste Schicht ist gemäß Fig. 3 etwa über eine Länge 5 von 100 mm über die gesamte Breite 3 angeordnet, wobei die Kokillenlänge 7 mit 900 mm und die Breite 3 der Breitseitenwand mit etwa 1 750 mm festgelegt ist.In continuous molds with a slab cross-sectional format, the wear of the wide side walls 17 is significantly less in relation to the wear of the narrow side walls. However, a wear-resistant layer 4 can nevertheless be provided on the broad side walls, this wear-resistant layer 4 again being arranged only in the outlet region 2 of the broad side wall, as is shown in FIG. 3. The wear-resistant layer is arranged according to FIG. 3 over a length 5 of 100 mm over the entire width 3, the mold length 7 being fixed at 900 mm and the width 3 of the broad side wall being set at around 1 750 mm.

Gemäß der in den Fig. 6 und 7 bis 9 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist im auslaufseitigen Bereich 2 einer Schmalseitenwand eine sich über die gesamte Breite 3 erstreckende gitterförmige verschleißfeste Schicht 18 vorgesehen. Diese gitterförmige Schicht 18 erstreckt sich über eine Länge 5 der Kokille mit etwa 300 mm. Die Gesamtlänge 7 der Schmalseitenwand beträgt 900 mm. Diese verschleißfeste Schicht besteht vorteilhaft aus martensitischem Stahl mit einem Gehalt an Chrom und Molybdän, wobei sie vorteilhaft 0,1 bis 1,5 % Kohlenstoff, 2 bis 20 % Chrom, 0,5 bis 15 % Molybdän sowie gegebenenfalls bis zu 5 % Wolfram, bis zu 5 % Vanadium und bis zu 5 % Niob, Rest Eisen und erschmelzungsbedingte Verunreinigungen enthält.According to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 to 9, a grid-like wear-resistant layer 18 extending over the entire width 3 is provided in the outlet-side region 2 of a narrow side wall. This grid-shaped layer 18 extends over a length 5 of the mold of approximately 300 mm. The total length 7 of the narrow side wall is 900 mm. This wear-resistant layer advantageously consists of martensitic steel with a chromium and molybdenum content, wherein it advantageously contains 0.1 to 1.5% carbon, 2 to 20% chromium, 0.5 to 15% molybdenum and optionally up to 5% tungsten, contains up to 5% vanadium and up to 5% niobium, balance iron and melting-related impurities.

Das Vorsehen der verschleißfesten Schicht an einer Innenwand 1 wird wie folgt vorgenommen : Zuerst werden gitterförmige Nuten 19 mit einer Tiefe 20 von etwa 7 bis 10 mm in die Innenwand eingefräst, worauf die Innenwand auf eine Temperatur von ca. 270 °C vorgewärmt wird. Diese Temperatur liegt unter der Rekristallisationstemperatur des Materials, aus dem die Innenwand gefertigt ist. In diese Nuten 19 wird in einer Dicke von ungefähr 4 mm eine Zwischenschicht 21 vorgesehen, u. zw. durch Auftragsschweißen, die folgende Richtanalyse aufweist : 0,02 % Kohlenstoff, 2,4 % Mangan, 0,75 % Silizium, 30,0 % Kupfer, 1 % Niob, 1 % Eisen, 0,25 % Titan, Rest Nickel und erschmelzungsbedingte Verunreinigungen.The wear-resistant layer is provided on an inner wall 1 as follows: First, grid-shaped grooves 19 with a depth 20 of approximately 7 to 10 mm are milled into the inner wall, whereupon the inner wall is preheated to a temperature of approximately 270 ° C. This temperature is below the recrystallization temperature of the material from which the inner wall is made. An intermediate layer 21 is provided in these grooves 19 in a thickness of approximately 4 mm, u. by deposition welding, which has the following directional analysis: 0.02% carbon, 2.4% manganese, 0.75% silicon, 30.0% copper, 1% niobium, 1% iron, 0.25% titanium, the rest nickel and contamination from melting.

Anschließend werden die Nuten 19 mit der verschleißfesten Schicht 18 aufgeschweißt, abgekühlt und feinbearbeitet. Die verschleißfeste Schicht 18 weist folgende Richtanalyse auf : 0,9 % Kohlenstoff, 4,0 % Chrom, 9,5 % Molybdän, 2,2 % Wolfram, 2,0 % Vanadium, Rest Eisen und erschmelzungsbedingte Verunreinigungen.The grooves 19 are then welded to the wear-resistant layer 18, cooled and finished. The wear-resistant layer 18 has the following directional analysis: 0.9% carbon, 4.0% chromium, 9.5% molybdenum, 2.2% tungsten, 2.0% vanadium, remainder iron and impurities due to melting.

Wie aus Fig. 6 ersichtlich ist, sind die die verschleißfeste Schicht bildenden Gitterstäbe 22 zur Vertikalachse 23 der Innenwände* in einem Winkel 24 von 45° geneigt und beträgt das Verhältnis des Abstandes 25 zweier benachbarter Gitterstäbe 22 zur Breite 26 eines Gitterstabes 22 vier. Die Breite 26 eines Gitterstabes 22 liegt bei etwa 5 mm. Die zwischen den Gitterstäben liegenden Bereiche aus dem Material der Innenwände sind gemäß Fig. 6 von quadratischer Form.As can be seen from FIG. 6, the lattice bars 22 forming the wear-resistant layer are inclined at an angle 24 of 45 ° to the vertical axis 23 of the inner walls * and the ratio of the distance 25 between two adjacent lattice bars 22 to the width 26 of a lattice bar 22 is four. The width 26 of a lattice bar 22 is approximately 5 mm. The areas made of the material of the inner walls lying between the lattice bars are of square shape according to FIG. 6.

Die in Fig. 8 dargestellte Ausführungsform unterscheidet sich von der gemäß Fig. 1 dadurch, daß sich im Mittenbereich 6 der Innenwand 1 die Länge 5 der gitterförmigen verschleißfesten Schicht 18 bis etwa 150 mm erstreckt, wogegen in den Seitenbereichen 8, 9 der Innenwand die verschleißfeste Schicht über eine Länge 10 von etwa 300 mm geführt ist. Die Gesamtlänge 7 der Innenwand liegt ebenfalls bei ungefähr 900 mm.The embodiment shown in FIG. 8 differs from that according to FIG. 1 in that in the central region 6 of the inner wall 1 the length 5 of the lattice-like wear-resistant layer 18 extends to approximately 150 mm, whereas in the side regions 8, 9 of the inner wall the wear-resistant one Layer is guided over a length 10 of about 300 mm. The total length 7 of the inner wall is also approximately 900 mm.

Ein besonders vorteilhaftes Verfahren zur Anordnung der gitterförmigen verschleißfesten Schicht kann dadurch bewerkstelligt werden, daß nach dem Ausfräsen der gitterförmig angeordneten Nuten 19 ein aus Vierkantstäben 22 des Verschleißmaterials geschweißtes Gitter in die Nuten eingepreßt wird, worauf das Gitter von der Rückseite der Innenwände her mittels Schrauben 27 gesichert wird.A particularly advantageous method for arranging the lattice-like wear-resistant layer can be accomplished by pressing a lattice welded from square bars 22 of the wear material into the grooves after milling out the lattice-shaped grooves 19, whereupon the lattice is screwed from the rear of the inner walls by means of screws 27 is secured.

Durch Anordnung der gitterförmigen Verschleißschicht 18 in den Seitenbereichen 8, 9 einer Breitseitenwand 17 einer Plattenkokille (vgl. Fig. 9) lassen sich Längsriefen, wie sie beim Verstellen der Strangbreite während des Stranggießens entstehen können, vermeiden.By arranging the lattice-like wear layer 18 in the side areas 8, 9 of a broad side wall 17 of a plate mold (see FIG. 9), longitudinal scoring, as can occur when the strand width is adjusted during the continuous casting, can be avoided.

Die Erfindung beschränkt sich nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele, sondern sie kann in verschiedener Hinsicht modifiziert werden, beispielsweise kann sie auch für Stranggießkokillen mit Knüppelquerschnitt Anwendung finden, wobei vorteilhaft sämtliche vier Kokilleninnenwände in gleicher Weise mit einer verschleißfesten Schicht versehen sind, wogegen bei Kokillen mit Brammenquerschnittsformat in erster Linie die Anbringung der verschleißfesten Schicht für die Schmalseiten wichtig ist ; die Breitseiten könnten wegen des wesentlich geringeren Verschleißes auch ohne verschleißfeste Schicht ausgebildet sein.The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown, but can be modified in various respects, for example it can also be used for continuous casting molds with billet cross-section, all four mold inner walls advantageously being provided with a wear-resistant layer in the same way, whereas molds with a slab cross-sectional format in the first place the application of the wear-resistant layer for the narrow sides is important; the broad sides could also be formed without a wear-resistant layer because of the significantly lower wear.

Die üblicherweise aus metallurgischen Gründen vorgesehene Beschichtung, z. B. Verchromung, die zur Verhinderung der Aufnahme von Kupfer in die Schmelze dient, kann nach Aufbringen der verschleißfesten Schicht in üblicher Weise an den Innenwänden der Kokille vorgesehen werden. Diese Schicht erstreckt sich nach dem Aufbringen üblicherweise über die gesamten Innenwände der Kokille, wird jedoch von der Strangschale in kurzer Zeit abgearbeitet.The coating usually provided for metallurgical reasons, e.g. B. Chromium plating, which serves to prevent the absorption of copper in the melt, can be provided in the usual way on the inner walls of the mold after the wear-resistant layer has been applied. After application, this layer usually extends over the entire inner walls of the mold, but is quickly removed from the strand shell.

Claims (12)

1. Open-ended mould for a continuous casting plant, in particular a continuous steel casting plant, with inner walls (1, 17) of copper or a copper alloy, the inner walls (1, 17), on their sides facing the mould cavity, being provided with a wear-resistant layer (4, 18), which layer extends from the output end (15) of the mould over a part of the length of the mould, characterised in that
- the wear-resistant layer (4, 18) extends from the output end (15) of the mould to maximumly over one third of the length (7) of the mould in the central region (6) of the inner walls (1, 17) ;
- in the side regions (8, 9) of the inner walls (1, 17) supporting the edges of the strand extends over at least the length (5) of the wear-resistant layer (4, 18) in the central region (6) to maximumly the overall length (7) of the mould and
- the layer (4, 18) consists of wear-resistant martensitic steel with a content of chromium and molybdenum.
2. Open-ended mould according to claim 1, characterised in that the wear-resistant layer (4, 18) contains 0.1 to 1.5 % carbon, 2 to 20 % chromium, 0.5 to 15 % molybdenum as well as optionally up to 5 % tungsten, up to 5 % vanadium and up to 5 % niobium, the remainder being iron and impurities resulting from the melting process.
3. Open-ended mould according to claims 1 or 2, characterised in that between the wear-resistant layer (4. 18) and the inner wall (1, 17) an intermediate layer (14, 21) of a nickel-copper alloy is applied to the inner wall by deposit welding and the wear-resistant layer (4, 18), also by deposit welding, is applied to the intermediate layer in a thickness of from 3 to 10 mm.
4. Open-ended mould according to claim 3, characterised in that the intermediate layer (14, 21) contains 1 to 5 % manganese, 0.5 to 1.5 % silicon, 20 to 50 % copper, the remainder being nickel and impurities resulting from the melting process, as well as optionally up to 5 % niobium and/or iron and/or titanium.
5. Open-ended mould according to claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the wear-resistant layer (4) is applied immediately to the inner wall (1, 17), without intermediate layer, by brazing.
6. Open-ended mould according to claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the wear-resistant layer (18) is designed in grid-form, the surface regions of the inner walls (1, 17) lying between grid rods (22) of the wear-resistant layer (18) are formed of the base material of the inner walls.
7. Open-ended mould according to claim 6, characterised in that the grid rods (22) are arranged inclinedly to the vertical axis (23) of the mould, preferably at an angle (24) between 30 and 60°.
8. Open-ended mould according to claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the ratio of the distance (25) between two grid rods (22) to the width (26) of a grid rod (22) lies in a range between 3 and 5.
9. Open-ended mould according to claims 6 to 8, characterised in that the grid-shaped wear layer (18) is formed of grid rods (22) arranged at a right angle to each other and at even distance (25) from each other.
10. Method of applying a wear-resistant layer according to claims 6 to 9, characterised in that the inner wall (1, 17) is provided with grooves (19) arranged in grid form, that a grid is formed of rods (22) of the wear-resistant layer (18) and that subsequently this grid is pressed into the grooves (19) of the inner wall.
11. Method according to claim 10, characterised in that the grid is secured from the back of the inner walls (1, 17) by means of screws (27).
12. Open-ended mould according to claim 1, characterised in that the wear-resistant layer (4, 18) is formed along a substantially concave curve (11), approximately in the form of a semi-circle or in U-form, from the side regions (8, 9) of the inner wall to the central region (6) of the inner wall.
EP83890186A 1982-11-04 1983-10-20 Open-ended mould for a continuous-casting plant Expired EP0108744B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT4023/82 1982-11-04
AT402382A AT375571B (en) 1982-11-04 1982-11-04 CONTINUOUS CHOCOLATE FOR A CONTINUOUS CASTING SYSTEM
AT1320/83 1983-04-13
AT132083A AT377932B (en) 1983-04-13 1983-04-13 CONTINUOUS CHOCOLATE FOR A CONTINUOUS CASTING SYSTEM

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EP0108744A2 EP0108744A2 (en) 1984-05-16
EP0108744A3 EP0108744A3 (en) 1985-09-11
EP0108744B1 true EP0108744B1 (en) 1988-08-17

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EP (1) EP0108744B1 (en)
CA (1) CA1238762A (en)
DE (1) DE3377700D1 (en)
ES (1) ES285000Y (en)

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DE3377700D1 (en) 1988-09-22
ES285000Y (en) 1986-05-01
CA1238762A (en) 1988-07-05
US4589468A (en) 1986-05-20
EP0108744A2 (en) 1984-05-16
EP0108744A3 (en) 1985-09-11
ES285000U (en) 1985-09-01

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