EP0105182B1 - Decentralized interlocking device of routes in a route interlocking station - Google Patents

Decentralized interlocking device of routes in a route interlocking station Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0105182B1
EP0105182B1 EP83108462A EP83108462A EP0105182B1 EP 0105182 B1 EP0105182 B1 EP 0105182B1 EP 83108462 A EP83108462 A EP 83108462A EP 83108462 A EP83108462 A EP 83108462A EP 0105182 B1 EP0105182 B1 EP 0105182B1
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Prior art keywords
route
groups
group
data word
search data
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0105182A2 (en
EP0105182A3 (en
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Heinrich Walter
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Alcatel Lucent NV
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Alcatel NV
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L21/00—Station blocking between signal boxes in one yard
    • B61L21/04—Electrical locking and release of the route; Electrical repeat locks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • a conventional track interlocking For setting routes in today's e.g. Track plan interlockings in operation at the Deutsche Bundesbahn are used for so-called route search circles, geographic circuits, which are switched between the two groups forming the start and end of the route to be set, the so-called start and target groups, from group to group by means of relay contacts and, after their connection, the Mark the course of the route.
  • a conventional track interlocking also requires centrally arranged groups, e.g. Monitoring or interface groups that perform central interface tasks.
  • the groups are controlled by multi-computer systems.
  • the computer systems are connected to one another in accordance with the geographic structure of the track system and fulfill predetermined group functions according to programs stored in read-only memories.
  • the known track plan interlocking contains a central operating group for evaluation and monitoring of the operating device, which is reliable in terms of signal technology, and a central guideway selection group.
  • Central facilities generally have the disadvantage that malfunctions and failures on them always affect the entire signal box and thus reduce its availability.
  • the invention therefore relates to a device for the decentralized positioning of routes in a track plan interlocking equipped with electronically controlled groups.
  • the device is described by the features of claim 1.
  • the device avoids the use of central groups and the above-mentioned disadvantages.
  • the control elements of the table or the signals coming in via the command inputs of the route end groups act directly on the control circuits of the respective route end groups and trigger the output of route search data words which are passed on from group to group according to the track plan. Since two control elements are always used to manually set a route, there are initially two groups within the signal box that represent sources of the same or at least related route search data words.
  • the groups whose adjusting elements form as alternate-driving road, always lying between the two sources and are characterized in that they receive two identical or belong together path search data words from geographically
  • groups of elements located outside the route only receive the data words from the sources from one direction.
  • the control circuits of the groups can thus determine whether their groups belong to the route to be set or not by evaluating the direction of origin of the route data data received.
  • the directions of origin of the data words also indicate the required switch position, because the route must be set according to the position of the inputs via which the two data words are received.
  • the direction of the train journey is communicated to the control circuits by a special form of the data word or by an additional character.
  • the two possible directions of travel can be identified by mutually non-equivalent forms of the same data word or by the same data words with a special direction bit.
  • signals from a remote control device or a number control panel can also act on command inputs permanently assigned to a direction of travel on the control circuits of control groups forming the ends of a route and trigger the output of route search data words.
  • the route search data words of the route end groups can, as stated in claim 2, only be output in the direction of travel.
  • the target group then receives a data word from the start group and outputs a second data word, which differs from the first, against the direction of travel to the start group.
  • the second route search data word can also be output simultaneously with the output of the first route search data word.
  • Claims 4 and 5 relate to configurations of the switch groups. By evaluating the input direction of the route search data words, the set points and the directions in which the edge protection data words are to be output can be determined. On the other hand, directional evaluation of incoming edge protection data words makes it very easy to decide whether and what type of edge protection command is to be carried out should. If switch groups are available which enable a detour route, so that two different routes can be set between the start and target groups, then the embodiment according to claim 6 gives a possibility to exclude the detour route, so that only the desired standard route is provided.
  • Claim 8 contains a very similar solution for the marking of crossovers.
  • claims 9 and 10 reflect possibilities of data word transmission between the groups. While the parallel transmission according to claim 9 has advantages with regard to the transmission speed, the serial transmission according to claim 10 offers above all the possibility of fail-safe transmission since the most varied of data protection measures can be used.
  • Embodiments of the invention according to claims 11 and 12 relate to self-adjusting operation and automatic train steering. Both the self-actuating mode and the train steering can be carried out easily and without the use of central groups with the device according to the invention.
  • the train number can also be reported via the control circuit of the control groups if, as described in claim 13, they are connected to the train number displays. This eliminates the need for a separate central train number reporting system.
  • a signal S1 is the starting point for driveways from a route STR1.
  • a point Z1 is the destination for routes on route STR2.
  • Signals S2 ... S6 are the starting point of an exit road and the destination of an entry road.
  • An intermediate signal S7 is the starting point for a long drive, destination for a short drive and intermediate signal for long drives.
  • two signals S8 and S9 are the starting point for the entry roads of routes STR3 and STR4.
  • the routes STR3 and STR4 should, however, also be able to be driven in the opposite direction, so that the signals S8 and S9 coincide with the destination points Z2 and Z3 of exit roads via the routes STR3 and STR4.
  • the figure also shows switches W1 ... W14, of which the switches W6 ... W9 are central switches and at the same time represent a detour option.
  • the turnouts W7 and W9 are then turn-around decision switches.
  • All control units such as turnouts, signals, track sections, start and destination points are assigned separate groups with up to four geographic inputs / outputs, which are connected to their neighboring assemblies according to the geography of the track system.
  • Four geographic inputs / outputs are e.g. required for a crossing group or a crossing point group, three for an ordinary switching group and only two for a signal group or track group.
  • it can make sense to provide four geographical inputs / outputs for each group and, depending on the group type, to use two, three or all four inputs / outputs.
  • the inputs / outputs of a group can work in directional mode (separate connections for input and output) or in two-directional mode.
  • directional operation the connecting lines have to be crossed similar to the trace cables in conventional relay signal boxes.
  • two-way operation the inputs / outputs are in the basic position on reception and are only switched to output when information is to be given.
  • Each group contains a control circuit, e.g. a microcomputer that can evaluate information received via the geographic inputs of the group and, depending on it, and output information about the outputs of the group depending on a permanently stored control program.
  • a control circuit e.g. a microcomputer that can evaluate information received via the geographic inputs of the group and, depending on it, and output information about the outputs of the group depending on a permanently stored control program.
  • Each incoming information is provided with a feature that identifies the input via which the information reached the group and is stored for a certain time.
  • buttons in the table which can be the start or end point of a route (route end point), are connected with buttons in the table.
  • Each button is permanently assigned to a certain direction of travel and labeled accordingly. It acts directly on the control circuit of the group assigned to it and triggers the output of a first data word D1, a route search data word, which is supplied, for example, to the neighboring group lying in the direction of travel. It saves it and passes it on to the opposite exit according to the track plan or, if there is a switch group addressed from the top, to the two opposite exits.
  • the start or target group picks up a route search data word pending at one of its geographical inputs, saves it in relation to the input, and sends it to the neighboring group connected there via the output opposite the input.
  • a route search data word D1 is output, secondly, each route search data word arriving via a geographic input is compared with the output data word D1 and if it is found that both data words match, that stored control program processed. If the route search data word D1 is only output in the direction of travel, this also includes the output of a matching second route search data word D2 against the direction of travel.
  • Switch groups cannot be start or target groups. You receive route search data words at a geographical input, save them as described above, input-related and give them to the opposite output or, if the input at which the data word is assigned to the turnout tip, to the two opposite ones outputs assigned to diverging switch lines.
  • the control program of a switch group, as well as any other control group (signal group, track group) lying between the start and target group, is only processed when two matching or matching route search data words from opposite directions have been received and saved.
  • the switch groups can also take the switch position to be set from the position of the group inputs used, because the route marked by the incoming route search data words corresponds to the route to be set.
  • the signal groups recognize the direction of travel to be set along the route from the type or the direction indicator of the route search data words. As a result, you can prepare the travel position of intermediate signals or mark them as counter signals.
  • the data words can be transferred in parallel between the individual groups. This solution is very advantageous when using microprocessors, since the corresponding ports of the microprocessors simply have to be connected to one another. In principle, it is also possible to transmit the data words serially. This has the advantage that the data can be better protected against interference by code security measures. However, the transmission of the data words then takes more time, which significantly increases the duration of the actuating process.
  • the two route search data words output by the route end groups (start and target group) and passed on by the neighboring groups serve only to find a possible route. They can be delivered at the same time or one after the other. In the latter case, both route end groups first output the first data word D1 at their exit located in the direction of travel. When the first data word is received, the target group responds by outputting the second data word D2 at its output opposite to the direction of travel.
  • This has the advantage, among other things, that when the data word D2 is transmitted, the transmission path is already known due to the previously transmitted data word D1, and deviating paths which do not lead to the starting point can be blocked.
  • the two data words In order to enable the groups to determine the direction of travel, the two data words must differ from one another, but must nevertheless be recognizable as belonging together. Basically, it is also possible to output only one data word at both route end groups and this in all geographic directions at the same time. The data word must then contain information about the direction of travel.
  • Such other data words are e.g. exchanged between target groups and subsequent slideway groups or between switch groups and neighboring switch groups that are not in the route for the purpose of flank protection. There are also special data words to ensure the setting of crossovers.
  • an entry road from signal S9 to signal S2 is to be set.
  • the key assigned to signal S9 and the key assigned to signal S2 are actuated.
  • the signal groups S9 and S2 then output route search data words D1 to the neighboring groups lying in the direction of travel, the switch groups W11 and W3.
  • the turnout group W11 which receives the data word D1 via an input assigned to its left leg, stores the data word on the one hand and passes it on to the turnout group W12 via its output assigned to the turnout tip.
  • the turnout group W12 also stores the incoming data word and passes it on equally along both turnout lines. In the left strand, the data word now reaches signal group S5. This stores the data word and determines the intended direction of travel.
  • the data word D1 and with the simultaneous output of both data words also the data word D2, are not only supplied to the opposite start or target group via this direct path.
  • the data words also arrive via the branches of the switches branching off the route (W12 and W9 for data word D1, W7 and W11 for data word D2) on track connections which do not lead to the destination or starting point. They reproduce there until the end of the operating range, but remain without any effect. They are saved in the individual control groups, but if a second, suitable data word does not arrive from the opposite direction, they are deleted after a certain time.
  • the data words given in the switch group W9 along the left strand and in the switch group W7 along the right strand form an exception. These can get back to the opposite destination or starting point via the switch groups W6 and W8.
  • Detour exclusion switch groups such as W7 or W9 can then be programmed so that they do not process data words identified by detour exclusion information.
  • a data word (D2 + detour exclusion information) transmitted via the switch group W8 to the switch group W9 can therefore no longer reach the signal group S5 and the starting point.
  • a data word D1 or D2 arrives at a target point or starting point whose target or start key is actuated, the program stored in the target group or starting group is started. In the case of a target group, this initially consists in marking the target point and outputting the data word D2. In the event that the target point is an exit signal, then a slip path data word D3 is output in the direction of the end of the slip path.
  • the slipping path group addressed by data word D3 or a correspondingly programmed switch group responds with a special data word D6. If several slip-through ends are possible, several slip-through data words D31 ... D3n are output and reflected as data word D61 ... D6n by the respectively programmed slip-through end.
  • the program of a start group initially only includes marking the group as a start group.
  • the switch groups located between the starting point and the destination store the data words D1 and D2 from the input. If both data words are available, they are checked for belonging together. If the result is positive, it is also checked whether the two data words have also been received via mutually opposite inputs. If this is the case, the turnout position to be set is determined from the position of these inputs and the setting process is prepared. A data word D4 is then output along the line rejecting the route, which triggers edge protection measures in neighboring switch groups.
  • Signal groups located between the starting point and the destination point also check the incoming data words. If they belong together, depending on the direction of the input of data word D1, the travel position is prepared as an intermediate signal, or it is marked as a counter signal.
  • turnout groups Just as the turnout groups in the route to be set output data words D4 for side protection to neighboring turnout groups, they must also be able to provide side protection if other routes are set.
  • the turnout groups therefore react to incoming data words of type D4 with edge protection positioning orders. If the data word arrives along the plus line of the switch, the actuating job takes place after the minus position. If the data word arrives along the negative line of the turnout, the actuating job takes place after the plus position. If the data word arrives from the turnout tip, it is passed on to the next turnout groups.
  • crossover positions must depend on their occupancy status checked and marked.
  • the starting group e.g. Group S2 sends a data word D5 against the direction of travel.
  • track groups are reported to be busy (e.g. group S5), this leads to the output of a response data word D7 in the direction of the start group.
  • Intermediate switch groups behave in the same way when data words D5 and D7 are present at opposite inputs as when data words D1 and D2 are present.
  • the points are marked and data telegrams D4 are output in the direction of the side protection. In non-occupied track groups, neither the data word D5 is passed on nor the data word D7 is output.
  • a speed concept is to be formed, this can be done using a data word which is output by the target group and is compared in each route group with the permissible maximum speed stored there.
  • the speed term contained in the data word can be corrected to a lower value in each group if the associated route element requires a lower permissible maximum speed.
  • the data word received by the start group then always contains the lowest permissible maximum speed.
  • the routes intended for self-service mode must be used road end groups are enabled to output a second route search data word against the direction of travel even when a first route search data word arrives, if no control element is actuated or no corresponding signal is present at a command input.
  • This can be achieved without a security risk by programming the relevant groups as self-service target groups, i.e. enabling them to search for route search data words that contain a special self-service mode indicator even without the presence of an operating element or a corresponding signal at a command input to answer the second route search data word.
  • the train number of the train that is to be the next to travel on the route can serve as a self-service indicator.
  • the entire train number report can be processed.
  • the train numbers are passed on like other data words along the route, stored in the respective target group and made visible on the display device connected to the target group.
  • train routing can be carried out by assigning special self-service mode indicators to each individual self-service mode target group.
  • Each self-service target group then only responds to route search data words provided with their identifier (e.g. a train number).
  • the setting of a subsequent route can also be made dependent on the train number, time and schedule data or the station schedule.
  • the departure time and the route destination (bypass, overhauls, other station track) can be changed manually or by a higher-level planning computer.
  • Priorities for individual trains can also be set, e.g. by coding the train numbers used as self-service license plates.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
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Abstract

1. A system for the decentralized setting of routes in a geographical interlocking station wherein the groups assigned to the individual route elements such as switches, signals and track sections (switch groups, signal groups, track groups) are equipped with control circuits which execute a control function in accordance with the setting function to be performed by the respective group and have geographical inputs and outputs connected to the control circuits of the respective adjacent groups in accordance with the geographical layout of the track system, characterized by the following features : a) groups usable as route end groups (entrance or exit groups), e.g. signal groups (S1,... S9) or track groups shown in the track plan as possible exit groups (Z1,..., Z3) which can form the beginning or end of a track route have control elements (pushbuttons) and/or command inputs which are permanently assigned to a direction of travel and via which the control circuits of the groups in question can be acted upon directly, b) operation of a control element of a route end group or a corresponding signal at any one of the command inputs of the route end group initiates the delivery to at least one adjacent group of a route-search data word (D1) typical of the direction of travel by the control circuit of the group, c) groups which have no control elements or command inputs or whose control elements are not operated on the one hand store a route-search data word received via a geographical input, together with an item of information marking this input, and on the other hand transfer the route-search data word to the adjacent groups through all outputs geographically opposite to this input, they execute a fixed setting programme if route-search data words from two route end groups have been received at oppositely directed inputs within a predetermined period of time beginning on reception of the route-search data word first received, d) route end groups execute a fixed setting programme if a control element is operated or a corresponding signal appears at a command input and a route-search data word has been received whose direction-of-travel type agrees with the direction of travel assigned to the control element or to the command input.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Zum Einstellen von Fahrstraßen in den heute z.B. bei der Deutschen Bundesbahn in Betrieb befindlichen Spurplanstellwerken dienen sogenannte Fahrwegsuchkreise, geographische Stromkreise, die zwischen den beiden, Beginn und Ende der zu stellenden Fahrstraße bildenden Gruppen, den sogenannten Start- bzw. Zielgruppen von Gruppe zu Gruppe mittels Relaiskontakten fortgeschaltet werden und nach ihrer Durchschaltung den Verlauf der Fahrstraße markieren. Neben den geographisch angeordneten Gruppen benötigt ein herkömmliches Spurplanstellwerk noch zentral angeordnete Gruppen, z.B. Überwachungs- oder Anschaltgruppen, die zentrale Anschaltaufgaben wahrnehmen.For setting routes in today's e.g. Track plan interlockings in operation at the Deutsche Bundesbahn are used for so-called route search circles, geographic circuits, which are switched between the two groups forming the start and end of the route to be set, the so-called start and target groups, from group to group by means of relay contacts and, after their connection, the Mark the course of the route. In addition to the geographically arranged groups, a conventional track interlocking also requires centrally arranged groups, e.g. Monitoring or interface groups that perform central interface tasks.

Bei einem in der DE-AS 29 09 512 beschriebenen Spurplanstellwerk, von dem die Erfindung ausgeht, werden die Gruppen (Elementgruppen) von Mehrrechnersystemen gesteuert.In a track plan interlocking described in DE-AS 29 09 512, from which the invention is based, the groups (element groups) are controlled by multi-computer systems.

Die Rechnersysteme sind entsprechend dem geographischen Aufbau der Gleisanlage miteinander verbunden und erfüllen vorgegebene Gruppenfünktionen nach in Festwertspeichern abgelegten Programmen.The computer systems are connected to one another in accordance with the geographic structure of the track system and fulfill predetermined group functions according to programs stored in read-only memories.

Das bekannte Spurplanstellwerk enthält entsprechend der Überwachungsgruppe beim herkömmlichen Relaistellwerk eine zentral eingesetzte Bediengruppe zur Auswertung und signaltechnisch sicheren Überwachung der Bedieneinrichtung sowie eine zentrale Fahrweg-Auswahlgruppe. Zentrale Einrichtungen haben ganz allgemein den Nachteil, daß sich Störungen und Ausfälle an ihnen immer auf das gesamte Stellwerk auswirken und so dessen Verfügbarkeit herabsetzen.In accordance with the monitoring group in the conventional relay interlocking system, the known track plan interlocking contains a central operating group for evaluation and monitoring of the operating device, which is reliable in terms of signal technology, and a central guideway selection group. Central facilities generally have the disadvantage that malfunctions and failures on them always affect the entire signal box and thus reduce its availability.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist deshalb eine Einrichtung zum dezentralen Stellen von Fahrstraßen in einem mit elektronisch gesteuerten Gruppen ausgestatteten Spurplanstellwerk. Die Einrichtung wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 beschrieben.The invention therefore relates to a device for the decentralized positioning of routes in a track plan interlocking equipped with electronically controlled groups. The device is described by the features of claim 1.

Die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung vermeidet den Einsatz zentraler Gruppen und die o.g. damit verbundenen Nachteile. Die Bedienelemente des Stelltisches bzw. die über die Befehlseingänge der Fahrstraßenendgruppen eingehenden Signale wirken direkt auf die Steuerschaltungen der jeweiligen Fahrstraßenendgruppen und lösen dort die Ausgabe von Fahrwegsuch-Datenworten aus, welche gemäß dem Spurplan von Gruppe zu Gruppe weitergegeben werden. Da zum manuellen Stellen einer Fahrstraße stets zwei Bedienelemente betätigt werden, gibt es zunächst zwei Gruppen innerhalb des Stellwerks, die Quellen gleicher oder wenigstens zusammengehöriger Fahrwegsuch-Datenworte darstellen. Die Gruppen, deren Stellelemente die zu stellende Fahrstraße bilden, liegen immer zwischen beiden Quellen und zeichnen sich dadurch aus, daß sie zwei gleiche oder zusammengehörende Fahrwegsuch-Datenworte aus geographisch entgegenge-3fK, 3 f.:rll setzten Richtungen empfangen. Außerhalb der Fahrstraße liegende Elementgruppen empfangen die von den Quellen stammenden Datenworte dagegen nur aus einer Richtung. Die Steuerschaltungen der Gruppen, z.B. Mikrorechner oder Mehrrechnersysteme können damit durch Auswertung der Herkunftsrichtung der empfangenen Fahrwegsuch-Datenworte feststellen, ob ihre Gruppen der zu stellenden Fahrstraße angehören oder nicht. Bei Weichengruppen geben die Herkunftsrichtungen der Datenworte auch die erforderliche Weichenlage an, denn der Fahrweg muß entsprechend der Lage der Eingänge, über die die beiden Datenworte eingehen, eingestellt werden. Die Richtung der Zugfahrt wird den Steuerschaltungen durch eine besondere Form des Datenwortes oder durch ein Zusatzzeichen mitgeteilt. Beispeilsweise können die beiden möglichen Fahrrichtungen, durch zueinander antivalente Formen des gleichen Datenwortes oder durch gleiche Datenworte mit besonderem Richtungsbit gekennzeichnet werden. Die Auswertung zweier gleicher oder zueinander antivalenter Datenworte ermöglicht zusätzlich eine einfache Überprüfung auf Verfälschung durch Vergleich. Eventuelle Bauelementeausfälle, die zur Veränderung eines von einer der Quellen stammenden Datenwortes führen, werden dadurch bemerkt. Anstelle der Bedienelemente können auch Signale einer Fernsteuereinrichtung oder eines Nummern-stellpultes über jeweils einer Fahrtrichtung fest zugeordnete Befehlseingänge auf die Steuerschaltungen von die Enden einer Fahrstraße bildenden Stellgruppen einwirken und die Ausgabe von Fahrwegsuch-Datenworten auslösen.The device according to the invention avoids the use of central groups and the above-mentioned disadvantages. The control elements of the table or the signals coming in via the command inputs of the route end groups act directly on the control circuits of the respective route end groups and trigger the output of route search data words which are passed on from group to group according to the track plan. Since two control elements are always used to manually set a route, there are initially two groups within the signal box that represent sources of the same or at least related route search data words. The groups whose adjusting elements form as alternate-driving road, always lying between the two sources and are characterized in that they receive two identical or belong together path search data words from geographically entgegenge-3FK, 3 f.:rll translated directions. In contrast, groups of elements located outside the route only receive the data words from the sources from one direction. The control circuits of the groups, for example microcomputers or multi-computer systems, can thus determine whether their groups belong to the route to be set or not by evaluating the direction of origin of the route data data received. For switch groups, the directions of origin of the data words also indicate the required switch position, because the route must be set according to the position of the inputs via which the two data words are received. The direction of the train journey is communicated to the control circuits by a special form of the data word or by an additional character. For example, the two possible directions of travel can be identified by mutually non-equivalent forms of the same data word or by the same data words with a special direction bit. The evaluation of two identical or mutually equivalent data words additionally enables simple checking for corruption by comparison. Any component failures that lead to the change of a data word originating from one of the sources are thereby noticed. Instead of the operating elements, signals from a remote control device or a number control panel can also act on command inputs permanently assigned to a direction of travel on the control circuits of control groups forming the ends of a route and trigger the output of route search data words.

Die Fahrwegsuch-Datenworte der Fahrstraßenendgruppen (Start- oder Zielgruppen) können zunächst, wie in Anspruch 2 angegeben, nur in Fahrtrichtung ausgegeben werden. Dann empfängt die Zielgruppe ein Datenwort der Startgruppe und gibt ein zweites, sich vom ersten unterscheidendes Datenwort entgegen der Fahrtrichtung zur Startgruppe hin aus. Die Ausgabe des zweiten Fahrwegsuch-Datenwortes kann auch gleichzeitig mit der Ausgabe des ersten Fahrwegsuch-Datenwortes erfolgen.The route search data words of the route end groups (start or target groups) can, as stated in claim 2, only be output in the direction of travel. The target group then receives a data word from the start group and outputs a second data word, which differs from the first, against the direction of travel to the start group. The second route search data word can also be output simultaneously with the output of the first route search data word.

Es kann auch, wie in Anspruch 3 beschrieben, nur das erste Fahrwegsuch-Datenwort von beiden Fahrstraßenendgruppen aus in alle geographischen Richtungen ausgegeben werden. Das Datenwort muß dann ein Richtungskennzeichen enthalten, damit die jeweils empfangende Fahrstraßenendgruppe aus Richtungskennzeichen und Eingangsrichtung ermitteln kann, ob sie Start- oder Zielgruppe ist.It is also possible, as described in claim 3, to output only the first route search data word from both route end groups in all geographic directions. The data word must then contain a direction indicator so that the receiving route end group can determine from the direction indicator and the entry direction whether it is the start or target group.

Die Ansprüche 4 und 5 betreffen Ausgestaltungen der Weichengruppen. Durch Auswertung der Eingangsrichtung der Fahrwegsuch-Datenworte können die Soll-Weichenlagen und die Richtungen ermittelt werden, in die Flankenschutz-Datenworte ausgegeben werden sollen. Andererseits läßt sich durch richtungsbezogene Auswertung eingehender Flankenschutz-Datenworte auf sehr einfache Weise entscheiden, ob und was für ein Flankenschutz-Stellauftrag durchgeführt werden soll. Sind Weichengruppen vorhanden, die einen Umfahrweg ermöglichen, so daß zwei verschiedene Fahrstraßen zwischen Start- und Zielgruppe stellbar sind, so gibt die Ausgestaltung nach Anspruch 6 eine Möglichkeit wieder, den Umfahrweg auszuschließen, so daß allein die gewünschte Regelfahrstraße gestellt wird.Claims 4 and 5 relate to configurations of the switch groups. By evaluating the input direction of the route search data words, the set points and the directions in which the edge protection data words are to be output can be determined. On the other hand, directional evaluation of incoming edge protection data words makes it very easy to decide whether and what type of edge protection command is to be carried out should. If switch groups are available which enable a detour route, so that two different routes can be set between the start and target groups, then the embodiment according to claim 6 gives a possibility to exclude the detour route, so that only the desired standard route is provided.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung ist in Anspruch 7 beschrieben und betrifft die Einbeziehung von Durchrutschwegen in die Fahrstraße. Anspruch 8 enthält eine ganz ähnliche Lösung für die Markierung von Mittelweichen.A further embodiment of the device according to the invention is described in claim 7 and relates to the inclusion of slip paths in the driveway. Claim 8 contains a very similar solution for the marking of crossovers.

Die Ansprüche 9 und 10 schließlich geben Möglichkeiten der Datenwortübertragung zwischen den Gruppen wieder. Während die parallele Übertragung gemäß Anspruch 9 Vorteile hinsichtlich der Übertragungsgeschwindigkeit aufweist, bietet die serielle Übertragung nach Anspruch 10 vor allem die Möglichkeit störungssicher zu übertragen, da die verschiedensten Datensicherungsmaßnahmen angewandt werden können.Finally, claims 9 and 10 reflect possibilities of data word transmission between the groups. While the parallel transmission according to claim 9 has advantages with regard to the transmission speed, the serial transmission according to claim 10 offers above all the possibility of fail-safe transmission since the most varied of data protection measures can be used.

Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung nach Anspruch 11 und 12 betreffen den Selbststellbetrieb und die automatische Zuglenkung. Sowohl der Selbststellbetrieb als auch die Zuglenkung läßt sich mit der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung einfach und ohne Einsatz zentraler Gruppen durchführen.Embodiments of the invention according to claims 11 and 12 relate to self-adjusting operation and automatic train steering. Both the self-actuating mode and the train steering can be carried out easily and without the use of central groups with the device according to the invention.

Auch die Zugnummernmeldung kann über die Steuerschaltung der Stellgruppen erfolgen, wenn diese, wie in Anspruch 13 beschrieben, mit den Zugnummernanzeigen verbunden sind. Damit wird eine gesonderte zentrale Zugnummernmeldeanlage überflüssig.The train number can also be reported via the control circuit of the control groups if, as described in claim 13, they are connected to the train number displays. This eliminates the need for a separate central train number reporting system.

Anhand einer Figur soll nun ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Einrichtung nach der Erfindung ausführlich beschrieben und seine Funktion erklärt werden.On the basis of a figure, an embodiment of the device according to the invention will now be described in detail and its function will be explained.

Die Figur zeigt einen Ausschnitt aus dem Lageplan einer Bahnanlage mit folgenden typischen Anordnungsfällen. Ein Signal S1 ist Startpunkt für Einfahrstraßen von einer Strecke STR1. Ein Punkt Z1 ist Zielpunkt für Fahrstraßen auf die Strecke STR2. Signale S2... S6 sind jeweils Startpunkt einer Ausfahrstraße und Zielpunkt einer Einfahrstraße. Ein Zwischensignal S7 ist Startpunkt für eine Langausfahrt, Zielpunkt für eine Kurzeinfahrt und Zwischensignal für Langeinfahrten. Zwei Signale S8 und S9 schließlich sind Startpunkt für Einfahrstraßen von Strecken STR3 und STR4. Die Strecken STR3 und STR4 sollen jedoch auch in Gegenrichtung signaltechnisch befahrbar sein, so daß mit den Signalen S8 und S9 die Zielpunkte Z2 und Z3 von Ausfahrstraßen über die Strecken STR3 und STR4 zusammenfallen.The figure shows a section of the site plan of a railway system with the following typical arrangement cases. A signal S1 is the starting point for driveways from a route STR1. A point Z1 is the destination for routes on route STR2. Signals S2 ... S6 are the starting point of an exit road and the destination of an entry road. An intermediate signal S7 is the starting point for a long drive, destination for a short drive and intermediate signal for long drives. Finally, two signals S8 and S9 are the starting point for the entry roads of routes STR3 and STR4. The routes STR3 and STR4 should, however, also be able to be driven in the opposite direction, so that the signals S8 and S9 coincide with the destination points Z2 and Z3 of exit roads via the routes STR3 and STR4.

In der Figur sind außerdem Weichen W1... W14 dargestellt, von denen die Weichen W6... W9 Mittelweichen sind und gleichzeitig eine Umfahrmöglichkeit darstellen. Die Weichen W7 und W9 sind dann Umfahrentscheidungsweichen.The figure also shows switches W1 ... W14, of which the switches W6 ... W9 are central switches and at the same time represent a detour option. The turnouts W7 and W9 are then turn-around decision switches.

Allen Stelleinheiten wie Weichen, Signalen, Gleisabschnitten, Start- und Zielpunkten sind separate Gruppen mit bis zu vier geographischen Ein-/Ausgängen, die entsprechend der Geographie der Gleisanlage mit ihren Nachbarbaugruppen verbunden sind, zugeordnet. Vier geographische Ein-/Ausgänge werden z.B. bei einer Kreuzungsgruppe oder einer Kreuzungsweichengruppe, drei bei einer gewöhnlichen Weichengruppe und nur zwei bei einer Signalgruppe oder Gleisgruppe benötigt. Um die Typenvielfalt der in einem Stellwerk eingesetzten Stellgruppen gering zu halten, kann es sinnvoll sein, bei jeder Gruppe grundsätzlich vier geographische Ein-/Ausgänge vorzusehen und je nach Gruppentyp zwei, drei oder alle vier Ein-/Ausgänge zu benutzen.All control units such as turnouts, signals, track sections, start and destination points are assigned separate groups with up to four geographic inputs / outputs, which are connected to their neighboring assemblies according to the geography of the track system. Four geographic inputs / outputs are e.g. required for a crossing group or a crossing point group, three for an ordinary switching group and only two for a signal group or track group. In order to keep the variety of types of the control groups used in a signal box low, it can make sense to provide four geographical inputs / outputs for each group and, depending on the group type, to use two, three or all four inputs / outputs.

Die Ein-/Ausgänge einer Gruppe können im Richtungsbetrieb (Für Eingang und Ausgang getrennte Anschlüsse) oder im Zwei-Richtungsbetrieb arbeiten. Im Richtungsbetrieb müssen die Verbindungsleitungen ähnlich der Spurkabel bei herkömmlichen Relaisstellwerken gekreuzt werden. Beim Zwei-Richtungsbetrieb stehen die Ein-/Ausgänge in Grundstellung auf Empfang und werden nur dann auf Ausgabe geschaltet, wenn Information abgegeben werden soll.The inputs / outputs of a group can work in directional mode (separate connections for input and output) or in two-directional mode. In directional operation, the connecting lines have to be crossed similar to the trace cables in conventional relay signal boxes. In two-way operation, the inputs / outputs are in the basic position on reception and are only switched to output when information is to be given.

Jede Gruppe enthält eine Steuerschaltung, z.B. einen Mikrorechner, der über die geographischen Eingänge der Gruppe empfangene Information auswerten und davon und von einem fest eingespeicherten Stellprogramm abhängig Information über die Ausgänge der Gruppe ausgeben kann.Each group contains a control circuit, e.g. a microcomputer that can evaluate information received via the geographic inputs of the group and, depending on it, and output information about the outputs of the group depending on a permanently stored control program.

Jede ankommende Information wird mit einem Merkmal versehen, das den Eingang, über den die Information die Gruppe erreicht hat, kennzeichnet, und wird für eine gewisse Zeit abgespeichert.Each incoming information is provided with a feature that identifies the input via which the information reached the group and is stored for a certain time.

Gruppen, die Start- oder Zielpunkt einer Fahrstraße (Fahrstraßenendpunkt) sein können, sind mit Tasten im Stelltisch verbunden. Jede Taste ist einer bestimmten Fahrtrichtung fest zugeordnet und entsprechend gekennzeichnet. Sie wirkt unmittelbar auf die Steuerschaltung der ihr zugeordneten Gruppe ein und löst die Ausgabe eines ersten Datenwortes D1, eines Fahrwegsuch-Datenwortes aus, das z.B. der in Fahrtrichtung liegenden Nachbargruppe zugeführt wird. Diese speichert es und gibt es entsprechend dem Spurplan am gegenüberliegenden Ausgang oder, falls es sich um eine Weichengruppe handelt, die von der Spitze her angesprochen wird, an den beiden gegenüberliegenden Ausgängen weiter. Ist keine Taste betätigt, so nimmt die Start- oder Zielgruppe wie jede andere Fahrweggruppe ein an einem ihrer geographischen Eingänge anstehendes Fahrwegsuch-Datenwort auf, speichert es eingangsbezogen ab und gibt es über den dem Eingang entgegengerichteten Ausgang an die dort angeschlossene Nachbargruppe. Ist jedoch eine Taste betätigt, so wird erstens, wie oben beschrieben, ein Fahrwegsuch-Datenwort D1 ausgegeben, zweitens wird jedes über einen geograpischen Eingang eintreffende Fahrwegsuch-Datenwort mit dem ausgegebenen Datenwort D1 verglichen und wenn festgestellt wird, daß beide Datenworte zueinander passen, das eingespeicherte Stellprogramm abgearbeitet. Dieses umfaßt, wenn das Fahrwegsuch-Datenwort D1 nur in Fahrtrichtung ausgegeben wird, auch die Ausgabe eines dazu passenden zweiten Fahrwegsuch-Datenwortes D2 entgegen der Fahrtrichtung.Groups, which can be the start or end point of a route (route end point), are connected with buttons in the table. Each button is permanently assigned to a certain direction of travel and labeled accordingly. It acts directly on the control circuit of the group assigned to it and triggers the output of a first data word D1, a route search data word, which is supplied, for example, to the neighboring group lying in the direction of travel. It saves it and passes it on to the opposite exit according to the track plan or, if there is a switch group addressed from the top, to the two opposite exits. If no key is pressed, the start or target group, like any other route group, picks up a route search data word pending at one of its geographical inputs, saves it in relation to the input, and sends it to the neighboring group connected there via the output opposite the input. However, if a key is pressed, firstly, as described above, a route search data word D1 is output, secondly, each route search data word arriving via a geographic input is compared with the output data word D1 and if it is found that both data words match, that stored control program processed. If the route search data word D1 is only output in the direction of travel, this also includes the output of a matching second route search data word D2 against the direction of travel.

Weichengruppen können nicht Start- oder Zielgruppe sein. Sie empfangen Fahrwegsuch-Datenworte an einem geographischen Eingang, speichern sie, wie oben beschrieben, eingangsbezogen ab und geben sie an dem entgegengerichteten Ausgang oder im Falle, daß der Eingang an dem das Datenwort ansteht, der Weichenspitze zugeordnet ist, an den beiden entgegengerichteten, den auseinanderführenden Weichensträngen zugeordneten Ausgängen wieder aus. Das Stellprogramm einer Weichengruppe, wie auch jeder anderen, zwischen Start- und Zielgruppe liegenden Stellgruppe (Signalgruppe, Gleisgruppe) wird erst dann abgearbeitet, wenn zwei übereinstimmende bzw. zueinander passende Fahrwegsuch-Datenworte aus einander entgegengesetzten Richtungen eingegangen sind und abgespeichert wurden. Die Weichengruppen können aus der Lage der benutzten Gruppeneingänge auch die einzustellende Weichenlage entnehmen, denn der durch die ankommenden Fahrwegsuch-Datenworte markierte Weg entspricht der einzustellenden Fahrstraße. Die Signalgruppen erkennen am Typus oder dem Fahrtrichtungskennzeichen der Fahrwegsuch-Datenworte die entlang der Fahrstraße einzustellende Fahrtrichtung. Sie können aufgrund dessen die Fahrtstellung von Zwischensignalen vorbereiten bzw. eine Markierung als Gegensignal vornehmen.Switch groups cannot be start or target groups. You receive route search data words at a geographical input, save them as described above, input-related and give them to the opposite output or, if the input at which the data word is assigned to the turnout tip, to the two opposite ones outputs assigned to diverging switch lines. The control program of a switch group, as well as any other control group (signal group, track group) lying between the start and target group, is only processed when two matching or matching route search data words from opposite directions have been received and saved. The switch groups can also take the switch position to be set from the position of the group inputs used, because the route marked by the incoming route search data words corresponds to the route to be set. The signal groups recognize the direction of travel to be set along the route from the type or the direction indicator of the route search data words. As a result, you can prepare the travel position of intermediate signals or mark them as counter signals.

Die Datenworte können zwischen den einzelnen Gruppen parallel übertragen werden. Diese Lösung ist bei Einsatz von Mikroprozessoren sehr vorteilhaft, da einfach die entsprechenden Ports der Mikroprozessoren miteinander verbunden werden müssen. Grundsätzlich ist es auch möglich, die Datenworte seriell zu übertragen. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß die Daten durch Codesicherungsmaßnahmen besser gegen Störungen gesichert werden können. Die Übertragung der Datenworte nimmt dann allerdings mehr Zeit in Anspruch, was die Dauer des Stellvorgangs insgesamt wesentlich erhöht.The data words can be transferred in parallel between the individual groups. This solution is very advantageous when using microprocessors, since the corresponding ports of the microprocessors simply have to be connected to one another. In principle, it is also possible to transmit the data words serially. This has the advantage that the data can be better protected against interference by code security measures. However, the transmission of the data words then takes more time, which significantly increases the duration of the actuating process.

Die beiden von den Fahrstraßenendgruppen (Start- und Zielgruppe) ausgegebenen und von den benachbarten Gruppen weitergegebenen Fahrwegsuch-Datenworte dienen allein dem Auffinden einer möglichen Fahrstraße. Sie können gleichzeitig oder nacheinander abgegeben werden. Im letzteren Falle geben beide Fahrstraßenendgruppen zunächst das erste Datenwort D1 an ihrem in Fahrtrichtung gelegenen Ausgang aus. Die Zielgruppe antwortet bei Empfang des ersten Datenwortes mit der Ausgabe des zweiten Datenwortes D2 an ihrem entgegen der Fahrtrichtung gelegenen Ausgang. Dies hat unter anderem den Vorteil, daß bei der Übertragung des Datenwortes D2 der Übertragungsweg durch die zuvor erfolgte Übertragung des Datenwortes D1 bereits bekannt ist und abweichende, nicht zum Startpunkt führende Wege gesperrt werden können. Um den Gruppen die Feststellung der Fahrtrichtung zu ermöglichen, müssen sich die beiden Datenworte voneinander unterscheiden, aber dennoch als zusammengehörend erkennbar sein. Grundsätzlich ist es auch möglich, an beiden Fahrstraßenendgruppen nur ein Datenwort, und dieses gleichzeitig in alle geographischen Richtungen auszugeben. Das Datenwort muß dann eine Information über die Fahrtrichtung enthalten.The two route search data words output by the route end groups (start and target group) and passed on by the neighboring groups serve only to find a possible route. They can be delivered at the same time or one after the other. In the latter case, both route end groups first output the first data word D1 at their exit located in the direction of travel. When the first data word is received, the target group responds by outputting the second data word D2 at its output opposite to the direction of travel. This has the advantage, among other things, that when the data word D2 is transmitted, the transmission path is already known due to the previously transmitted data word D1, and deviating paths which do not lead to the starting point can be blocked. In order to enable the groups to determine the direction of travel, the two data words must differ from one another, but must nevertheless be recognizable as belonging together. Basically, it is also possible to output only one data word at both route end groups and this in all geographic directions at the same time. The data word must then contain information about the direction of travel.

Neben den zum Auffinden einer Fahrstraße benutzten Fahrwegsuch-Datenworten gibt es in einem mit dem Erfindungsgegenstand ausgestatteten Stellwerk eine ganze Reihe weiterer Befehle und Meldungen, die in Form anderer Datenworte ausgegeben oder empfangen werden und die ebenfalls Stellhandlungen auslösen oder bereits erfolgte Stellhandlungen absichern.In addition to the route search data words used to find a route, there are a whole series of further commands and messages in a signal box equipped with the subject matter of the invention, which are output or received in the form of other data words and which also trigger actuation actions or secure actuation actions that have already taken place.

Solche andere Datenworte werden z.B. zwischen Zielgruppen und anschließenden Durchrutschweggruppen oder zwischen Weichengruppen und nicht in der Fahrstraße liegenden, benachbarten Weichengruppen zum Zwecke des Flankenschutzes ausgetauscht. Besondere Datenworte gibt es auch zur Absicherung der Einstellung von Mittelweichen.Such other data words are e.g. exchanged between target groups and subsequent slideway groups or between switch groups and neighboring switch groups that are not in the route for the purpose of flank protection. There are also special data words to ensure the setting of crossovers.

Wie die einzelnen, die zu stellende Fahrstraße bildenden Stellgruppen untereinander und mit den an die Fahrstraße anschließenden Gruppen zur Auslösung des Stellvorganges zusammenarbeiten läßt sich am einfachsten anhand eines konkreten Stellbeispiels aufzeigen:The easiest way to demonstrate how the individual control groups forming the route to be set up works with each other and with the groups connected to the route to trigger the setting process is to use a specific example:

Es soll z.B. in der Figur eine Einfahrstraße vom Signal S9 zum Signal S2 gestellt werden. Hierzu wird die dem Signal S9 zugeordnete Taste und die dem Signal S2 zugeordnete Taste betätigt. Die Signalgruppen S9 und S2 geben daraufhin Fahrwegsuch-Datenworte D1 an die in Fahrtrichtung liegenden Nachbargruppen, die Weichengruppen W11 und W3 aus. Die Weichengruppe W11, die das Datenwort D1 über einen ihrem linken Strang zugeordneten Eingang zugeführt bekommt, speichert das Datenwort einerseits und gibt es andererseits über ihren der Weichenspitze zugeordneten Ausgang an die Weichengruppe W12 weiter. Die Weichengruppe W12 speichert das ankommende Datenwort ebenfalls und gibt es gleichermaßen entlang beider Weichenstränge weiter. Im linken Strang erreicht das Datenwort jetzt die Signalgruppe S5. Diese speichert das Datenwort und ermittelt die vorgesehene Fahrtrichtung. Letztere geht aus dem Datenworttyp (D1) und der Lage des Eingangs (am Kopf der Signalgruppe) eindeutig hervor. Anschließend erfolgt die Übertragung auf die Weichengruppe W9. Entlang dem rechten Strang der Weiche W9 gelangt das Datenwort zur Weichengruppe W7 und anschliessend zur Zielgruppe S2. Da in der Zielgruppe eine Taste betätigt ist, wird das Datenwort D1 nicht weitergegeben, sondern lediglich auf Richtigkeit überprüft und abgespeichert. Anschließend wird die Signalgruppe S2 als Zielgruppe markiert und ein Fahrwegsuch-Datenwort D2 in Gegenrichtung ausgegeben. Dieses gelangt zunächst zur Weichengruppe W7, dann entlang deren linkem Strang zur Weichengruppe W9, zur Signalgruppe S5 und über die Weichengruppen W12 und W11 zum Startpunkt, der Signalgruppe S9, wo es zur Markierung der Signalgruppe als Startgruppe ausgewertet wird. Das Datenwort D1, bei gleichzeitiger Ausgabe beider Datenworte auch das Datenwort D2, werden nicht nur über diesen direkten Weg der jeweils gegenüberliegenden Start- bzw. Zielgruppe zugeführt. Die Datenworte gelangen auch über die von der Fahrstraße abzweigenden Stränge der Weichen (W12 und W9 für Datenwort D1, W7 und W11 für Datenwort D2) auf Spurverbindungen, die nicht zum Zielpunkt bzw. Startpunkt führen. Sie pflanzen sich dort bis zum Ende des Stellbereichs fort, bleiben aber ohne jede Wirkung. Sie werden zwar in den einzelnen Stellgruppen abgespeichert, aber, wenn kein zweites, passendes Datenwort aus der Gegenrichtung eintrifft, nach einer gewissen Zeit gelöscht. Eine Ausnahme bilden die in der Weichengruppe W9 entlang dem linken Strang und in der Weichengruppe W7 entlang dem rechten Strang abgegebenen Datenworte. Diese können über die Weichengruppen W6 und W8 wieder zum gegenüberliegenden Ziel- bzw. Startpunkt gelangen. In diesem Fall sind zwei verschiedene Fahrstraßen möglich und es muß eine Auswahl getroffen werden. Dies kann z.B. durch eine Umfahrausschlußinformation geschehen, die dem Datenwort, das nicht entlang dem gewünschten Regelweg ausgegeben wird, hinzugefügt wird. Umfahrausschlußweichengruppen wie z.B. W7 oder W9 können dann so programmiert werden, daß sie durch eine Umfahrausschlußinformation gekennzeichnete Datenworte nicht verarbeiten. Ein über die Weichengruppe W8 zur Weichengruppe W9 übermitteltes Datenwort (D2 + Umfahrausschlußinformation) kann dadurch nicht mehr zur Signalgruppe S5 und zum Startpunkt gelangen.In the figure, for example, an entry road from signal S9 to signal S2 is to be set. For this purpose, the key assigned to signal S9 and the key assigned to signal S2 are actuated. The signal groups S9 and S2 then output route search data words D1 to the neighboring groups lying in the direction of travel, the switch groups W11 and W3. The turnout group W11, which receives the data word D1 via an input assigned to its left leg, stores the data word on the one hand and passes it on to the turnout group W12 via its output assigned to the turnout tip. The turnout group W12 also stores the incoming data word and passes it on equally along both turnout lines. In the left strand, the data word now reaches signal group S5. This stores the data word and determines the intended direction of travel. The latter is clear from the data word type (D1) and the position of the input (at the head of the signal group). The transfer to switch group W9 then takes place. Along the right strand of the turnout W9, the data word reaches the turnout group W7 and then the target group S2. Since a key is pressed in the target group, the data word D1 is not passed on, but only checked for accuracy and saved. The signal group S2 is then marked as the target group and a route search data word D2 is output in the opposite direction. This first reaches switch group W7, then along its left strand to switch group W9, to signal group S5 and via switch groups W12 and W11 to the starting point, signal group S9, where it goes to Mar The signal group is evaluated as a start group. The data word D1, and with the simultaneous output of both data words also the data word D2, are not only supplied to the opposite start or target group via this direct path. The data words also arrive via the branches of the switches branching off the route (W12 and W9 for data word D1, W7 and W11 for data word D2) on track connections which do not lead to the destination or starting point. They reproduce there until the end of the operating range, but remain without any effect. They are saved in the individual control groups, but if a second, suitable data word does not arrive from the opposite direction, they are deleted after a certain time. The data words given in the switch group W9 along the left strand and in the switch group W7 along the right strand form an exception. These can get back to the opposite destination or starting point via the switch groups W6 and W8. In this case, two different routes are possible and a selection must be made. This can be done, for example, by bypass exclusion information that is added to the data word that is not output along the desired control path. Detour exclusion switch groups such as W7 or W9 can then be programmed so that they do not process data words identified by detour exclusion information. A data word (D2 + detour exclusion information) transmitted via the switch group W8 to the switch group W9 can therefore no longer reach the signal group S5 and the starting point.

Gelangt ein Datenwort D1 oder D2 zu einem Zielpunkt bzw. Startpunkt dessen Ziel- bzw. Starttaste betätigt ist, so wird das in der Zielgruppe bzw. Startgruppe gespeicherte Programm gestartet. Bei einer Zielgruppe besteht dies zunächst in einer Markierung des Zielpunktes und der Ausgabe des Datenwortes D2. Im Falle, daß der Zielpunkt ein Ausfahrsignal ist, erfolgt danach die Ausgabe eines Durchrutschweg-Datenwortes D3 in Richtung des Durchrutschwegendes. Die durch das Datenwort D3 angesprochende Durchrutschweggruppe oder eine entsprechend programmierte Weichengruppe antwortet mit einem besonderen Datenwort D6. Sind mehrere Durchrutschwegenden möglich, so werden mehrere Durchrutschweg-Datenworte D31... D3n ausgegeben und von dem jeweils entsprechend programmierten Durchrutschwegende als Datenwort D61... D6n reflektiert. Das Programm einer Startgruppe umfaßt zunächst nur die Markierung der Gruppe als Startgruppe.If a data word D1 or D2 arrives at a target point or starting point whose target or start key is actuated, the program stored in the target group or starting group is started. In the case of a target group, this initially consists in marking the target point and outputting the data word D2. In the event that the target point is an exit signal, then a slip path data word D3 is output in the direction of the end of the slip path. The slipping path group addressed by data word D3 or a correspondingly programmed switch group responds with a special data word D6. If several slip-through ends are possible, several slip-through data words D31 ... D3n are output and reflected as data word D61 ... D6n by the respectively programmed slip-through end. The program of a start group initially only includes marking the group as a start group.

Die zwischen Startpunkt und Zielpunkt gelegenen Weichengruppen speichern die Datenworte D1 und D2 eingangsbezogen ab. Liegen beide Datenworte vor, werden sie auf Zusammengehörigkeit geprüft. Bei positivem Ergebnis wird weiterhin überprüft, ob die beiden Datenworte auch über einander entgegengerichtete Eingänge empfangen wurden. Wenn dies zutrifft, wird aus der Lage dieser Eingänge die einzustellende Weichenlage ermittelt und der Stellvorgang vorbereitet. Entlang dem vom Fahrweg abweisenden Strang wird dann ein Datenwort D4 ausgegeben, welches in benachbarten Weichengruppen Flankenschutzmaßnahmen auslöst.The switch groups located between the starting point and the destination store the data words D1 and D2 from the input. If both data words are available, they are checked for belonging together. If the result is positive, it is also checked whether the two data words have also been received via mutually opposite inputs. If this is the case, the turnout position to be set is determined from the position of these inputs and the setting process is prepared. A data word D4 is then output along the line rejecting the route, which triggers edge protection measures in neighboring switch groups.

Zwischen Startpunkt und Zielpunkt gelegene Signalgruppen prüfen ebenfalls die eingehenden Datenworte. Bei Zusammengehörigkeit wird abhängig von der Richtung des Eingangs des Datenwortes D1 die Fahrtstellung als Zwischensignal vorbereitet bzw. es erfolgt eine Markierung als Gegensignal.Signal groups located between the starting point and the destination point also check the incoming data words. If they belong together, depending on the direction of the input of data word D1, the travel position is prepared as an intermediate signal, or it is marked as a counter signal.

Ebenso wie die in der zu stellenden Fahrstraße befindlichen Weichengruppen Datenworte D4 zum Flankenschutz an benachbarte Weichengruppen ausgeben, müssen sie, wenn andere Fahrstraßen gestellt werden, auch Flankenschutz geben können. Die Weichengruppen reagieren deshalb auf ankommende Datenworte des Typs D4 mit Flankenschutz-Stellaufträgen. Geht das Datenwort entlang dem Plusstrang der Weiche ein, erfolgt Stellauftrag nach Minuslage. Geht das Datenwort entlang dem Minusstrang der Weiche ein, erfolgt Stellauftrag nach Pluslage. Geht das Datenwort von der Weichenspitze her ein, erfolgt Weitergabe zu den nächsten Weichengruppen.Just as the turnout groups in the route to be set output data words D4 for side protection to neighboring turnout groups, they must also be able to provide side protection if other routes are set. The turnout groups therefore react to incoming data words of type D4 with edge protection positioning orders. If the data word arrives along the plus line of the switch, the actuating job takes place after the minus position. If the data word arrives along the negative line of the turnout, the actuating job takes place after the plus position. If the data word arrives from the turnout tip, it is passed on to the next turnout groups.

Sind in eine zu stellende Fahrstraße Mittelweichen einzubeziehen, wie dies in der in der Figur dargestellten Anlage bei den Weichen W7 und W9 der Fall wäre, wenn eine Ausfahrstraße vom Signal S2 in Richtung Zielgruppe Z1 gestellt werden sollte, so müssen die Mittelweichenlagen abhängig von ihrem Besetzungszustand geprüft und markiert werden. Die Startgruppe, z.B. Gruppe S2 sendet hierzu ein Datenwort D5 entgegen der Fahrtrichtung. Dieses führt bei besetzt gemeldeten Spurgruppen (z.B. Gruppe S5) zur Ausgabe eines Antwort-Datenwortes D7 in Richtung der Startgruppe. Dazwischenliegende Weichengruppen verhalten sich bei Anstehen der Datenworte D5 und D7 an entgegengerichteten Eingängen genau wie bei Anstehen der Datenworte D1 und D2. Die Weichenlagen werden markiert und es werden Datentelegramme D4 in Richtung Flankenschutz ausgegeben. In nicht besetzt gemeldeten Spurgruppen erfolgt weder eine Weitergabe des Datenwortes D5 noch die Ausgabe des Datenwortes D7.If crossovers are to be included in a route to be set, as would be the case in the system shown in the figure for switches W7 and W9, if an exit road from signal S2 should be set in the direction of target group Z1, the crossover positions must depend on their occupancy status checked and marked. The starting group, e.g. Group S2 sends a data word D5 against the direction of travel. If track groups are reported to be busy (e.g. group S5), this leads to the output of a response data word D7 in the direction of the start group. Intermediate switch groups behave in the same way when data words D5 and D7 are present at opposite inputs as when data words D1 and D2 are present. The points are marked and data telegrams D4 are output in the direction of the side protection. In non-occupied track groups, neither the data word D5 is passed on nor the data word D7 is output.

Soll ein Geschwindigkeitsbegriff gebildet werden, so kann dies mittels eines Datenwortes erfolgen, welches von der Zielgruppe ausgegeben und in jeder Fahrstraßengruppe mit der dort eingespeicherten zulässigen Höchstgeschwindigkeit verglichen wird. Der im Datenwort enthaltene Geschwindigkeitsbegriff kann in jeder Gruppe zu einem niedrigeren Wert hin korrigiert werden, falls das zugehörige Fahrwegelement eine niedrigere zulässige Höchstgeschwindigkeit erforderlich macht. Das von der Startgruppe empfangene Datenwort enthält dann in jedem Fall die niedrigste zulässige Höchstgeschwindigkeit.If a speed concept is to be formed, this can be done using a data word which is output by the target group and is compared in each route group with the permissible maximum speed stored there. The speed term contained in the data word can be corrected to a lower value in each group if the associated route element requires a lower permissible maximum speed. The data word received by the start group then always contains the lowest permissible maximum speed.

Soll die Einstellung von Fahrstraßen im Selbststellbetrieb vorgenommen werden, so müssen die für den Selbststellbetrieb vorgesehenen Fahrstraßenendgruppen dazu befähigt werden, auch dann bei Eintreffen eines ersten Fahrwegsuch-Datenwortes ein zweites Fahrwegsuch-Datenwort entgegen der Fahrtrichtung auszugeben, wenn kein Bedienelement betätigt ist oder kein entsprechendes Signal an einem Befehlseingang ansteht. Dies läßt sich ohne ein Sicherheitsrisiko dadurch erreichen, daß die betreffenden Gruppen als Selbststellbetriebs-Zielgruppen programmiert, d.h. in die Lage versetzt werden, Fahrwegsuch-Datenworte, die ein besonderes Selbststellbetriebskennzeichen enthalten, auch ohne vorliegende Betätigung eines Bedienelementes oder ein entsprechendes Signal an einem Befehlseingang durch das zweite Fahrwegsuch-Datenwort zu beantworten. Als Selbststellbetriebskennzeichen kann z.B. die Zugnummer des Zuges dienen, der die Fahrstraße als nächster befahren soll.If the setting of routes is to be carried out in self-service mode, the routes intended for self-service mode must be used road end groups are enabled to output a second route search data word against the direction of travel even when a first route search data word arrives, if no control element is actuated or no corresponding signal is present at a command input. This can be achieved without a security risk by programming the relevant groups as self-service target groups, i.e. enabling them to search for route search data words that contain a special self-service mode indicator even without the presence of an operating element or a corresponding signal at a command input to answer the second route search data word. For example, the train number of the train that is to be the next to travel on the route can serve as a self-service indicator.

Werden die Selbststellbetriebs-Zielgruppen oder auch andere Fahrstraßenendgruppen mit Zugnummernanzeigeeinrichtungen verbunden, so kann die gesamte Zugnummernmeldung abgewickelt werden. Die Zugnummern werden in diesem Fall wie andere Datenworte entlang der Fahrstraße weitergegeben, in der jeweiligen Zielgruppe gespeichert und auf der mit der Zielgruppe verbundenen Anzeigeeinrichtung sichtbar gemacht.If the self-service target groups or other route end groups are connected to train number display devices, the entire train number report can be processed. In this case, the train numbers are passed on like other data words along the route, stored in the respective target group and made visible on the display device connected to the target group.

Sind von einer Fahrstraßenendgruppe aus mehrere sich anschließende Fahrstraßen stellbar, so kann durch Zuordnung besonderer Selbststellbetriebskennzeichen zu jeder einzelnen Selbststellbetriebs-Zielgruppe Zuglenkung durchgeführt werden. Jede Selbststellbetriebs-Zielgruppe antwortet dann nur auf mit ihrem Kennzeichen (z.B. einer Zugnummer) versehene Fahrwegsuch-Datenworte.If several adjoining routes can be set from one route end group, train routing can be carried out by assigning special self-service mode indicators to each individual self-service mode target group. Each self-service target group then only responds to route search data words provided with their identifier (e.g. a train number).

Das Einstellen einer anschließenden Fahrstraße kann auch, außer von der Zugnummer, von Zeit- und Fahrplandaten oder der Bahnhofsfahrordnung abhängig gemacht werden. Die Abfahrtszeit und das Fahrstraßenziel (Umfahrstraße, Überholungen, anderes Bahnhofsgleis) kann manuell oder von einem übergeordneten Dispositionsrechner geändert werden. Auch Prioritäten für einzelne Züge lassen sich, z.B. durch entsprechende Codierung der als Selbststellbetriebs-Kennzeichen verwendeten Zugnummern, einräumen.The setting of a subsequent route can also be made dependent on the train number, time and schedule data or the station schedule. The departure time and the route destination (bypass, overhauls, other station track) can be changed manually or by a higher-level planning computer. Priorities for individual trains can also be set, e.g. by coding the train numbers used as self-service license plates.

Claims (13)

1. A system for the decentralized setting of routes in a geographical interlocking station wherein the groups assigned to the individual route elements such as switches, signals and track sections (switch groups, signal groups, track groups) are equipped with control circuits which execute a control function in accordance with the setting function to be performed by the respective group and have geographical inputs and outputs connected to the control circuits of the respective adjacent groups in accordance with the geographical layout of the track system, characterized by the following features:
a) Groups usable as route end groups (entrance or exit groups), e.g. signal groups (S1,... S9) or track groups shown in the track plan as possible exit groups (Z1,..., Z3) which can form the beginning or end of a track route have control elements (pushbuttons) and/or command inputs which are permanently assigned to a direction of travel and via which the control circuits of the groups in question can be acted upon directly.
b) Operation of a control element of a route end group or a corresponding signal at any one of the command inputs of the route end group initiates the delivery to at least one adjacent group of a route-search data word (D1) typical of the direction of travel by the control circuit of the group.
c) Groups which have no control elements or command inputs or whose control elements are not operated on the one hand store a route-search data word received via a geographical input, together with an item of information marking this input, and on the other hand transfer the route-search data word to the adjacent groups through all outputs geographically opposite to this input. They execute a fixed setting programme if route-search data words from two route end groups have been received at oppositely directed inputs within a predetermined period of time beginning on reception of the route-search data word first received.
d) Route end groups execute a fixed setting programme if a control element is operated or a corresponding signal appears at a command input and a route-search data word has been received whose direction-of-travel type agrees with the direction of travel assigned to the control element or to the command input.
2. A system as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that, when a control element of a route end group is operated, or a corresponding signal is applied to any one of the command inputs of the route end group, in addition to a first route-search data word, which is delivered through that geographical output of the group located in the direction of travel, a second data word (D2) which is different from the first route-search data word is delivered at the geographical output located opposite the direction of travel.
3. A system as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the route-search data words delivered by all route end groups are equal for the same direction of travel determined by the control elements or by the command inputs used, and are delivered in all geographieal directions.
4. A system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that switch groups (W1 ... W14) determine the switch positions to be set for establishing the route by evaluating the geographical positions of the inputs via vwhich the route-search data words were received.
5. A system as claimed in Claim 4, characterized in that the switch groups deliver fouling-protection data words (D4) through their geographical outputs leading away from the route as soon as they have received route-search data words from the two route end groups, and that they evaluate received fouling-protection data words as to their direction and, depending on the result, carry out a fouling-protection setting order and/or pass the fouling-protection data words on to the adjacent groups.
6. A system as claimed in Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, if an alternative route is to be excluded, switch groups (W7, W9) capable of setting the alternative route provide the route-search data words delivered by them along the alternative route with a special flag and do not accept route-search data words which arrive via an input assigned to the alternative route and are provided with the special flag.
7. A system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that route end groups identified as exit groups deliver overlap data words (D3) in the direction of all possible overlap ends and mark an overlap if an acknowledgement data word (D6) has been received from a route group, e.g., a switch group, programmed for this purpose.
8. A system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a route end group identified as an entrance group delivers an intermediate-switch data word (D5) opposite to the direction of travel, that track groups indicated as occupied deliver an intermediate-switch acknowledgement word (D7) in the direction of travel, and that an intermediate-switch group (W7, W9) marks its switch position as an intermediate-switch position if it has received an intermediate-switch data word and an intermediate-switch acknowledgement word via two oppositely directed geographical inputs.
9. A system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control circuits of the groups are formed by microcomputers and that the geographical connections between the groups are formed by parallel buses of the microcomputers.
10. A system as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the control circuits of the groups are formed by microcomputers and have interfaces which correspond to the geographical outputs of the respective groups and permit serial connections to the adjacent groups.
11. A system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, to set up a route automatically, the first route-search data word is triggered via the command input of the entrance group of the route which is assigned to the direction of travel being used, and delivered by the entrance group in the direction of travel after being provided with a special automatic-setting-mode label, and that particular groups usable as route end groups are programmed as automatic-setting-mode exit groups and, if no control element is operated or no signal is applied at a command input, deliver the second route-search data word opposite to the direction of travel if a first data word provided with an automatic-setting-mode label has been received.
12. A system as claimed in Claim 11, characterized in that in the presence of two or more automatic-setting-mode exit groups reachable by alternative routes, route-search data words with different automatic-setting-mode labels assigned to the individual automatic-setting-mode exit groups can be delivered by the entrance group, and that only a first route-search data word provided with the associated label results in an automatic-setting-mode exit group delivering a second route-search data word.
13. A system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control circuits of all or part of the groups usable as route end groups are connected to train describer equipment to which they transmit train numbers which have been passed from one group to another in accordance with the set route by means of special train-number data words and stored in the exit group.
EP83108462A 1982-08-31 1983-08-27 Decentralized interlocking device of routes in a route interlocking station Expired - Lifetime EP0105182B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83108462T ATE52062T1 (en) 1982-08-31 1983-08-27 EQUIPMENT FOR DECENTRALIZATION OF ROADS IN A LANE PLANNING CONTROL BOX.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3232308A DE3232308C2 (en) 1982-08-31 1982-08-31 Device for the decentralized selection of routes in a track plan signal box
DE3232308 1982-08-31

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EP0105182A2 EP0105182A2 (en) 1984-04-11
EP0105182A3 EP0105182A3 (en) 1987-03-04
EP0105182B1 true EP0105182B1 (en) 1990-04-18

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EP83108462A Expired - Lifetime EP0105182B1 (en) 1982-08-31 1983-08-27 Decentralized interlocking device of routes in a route interlocking station

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EP (1) EP0105182B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE52062T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3232308C2 (en)
ES (1) ES525151A0 (en)
IL (1) IL69421A0 (en)
YU (1) YU177083A (en)
ZA (1) ZA835847B (en)

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DE3314702A1 (en) * 1983-04-22 1984-10-25 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Circuit arrangement for an electronic actuating mechanism
DE3436845A1 (en) * 1984-10-08 1986-04-10 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Route device for continuous automatic train running control
DE3535756A1 (en) * 1985-10-07 1987-04-16 Siemens Ag Device for forming the route code in a signal box
DE3535785A1 (en) * 1985-10-07 1987-04-16 Siemens Ag Method for realising the route search in a signal box and device for carrying out this method
DE3922620C1 (en) * 1989-07-10 1991-02-28 Ivv Ingenieurgesellschaft Fuer Verkehrsplanung Und Verkehrssicherung Gmbh, 3300 Braunschweig, De
DE4429403C2 (en) * 1994-08-09 2000-05-18 Siemens Ag Process for treating overlapping slipping paths
FR2739824B1 (en) * 1995-10-13 1997-11-14 Gec Alsthom Transport Sa RAIL INTERLOCKING SYSTEM WITH SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION METHOD
CN1184095C (en) * 1996-08-23 2005-01-12 瑞士西门子有限公司 Process and device for control and monitoring traffic control system
DE19832601C1 (en) * 1998-07-09 2000-01-05 Siemens Ag Element connection diagram for an electronic signal box
FR2826921B1 (en) * 2001-07-05 2004-07-09 Cit Alcatel METHOD FOR TRAINING AND MANAGING ROUTES AND NETWORK IMPLEMENTING SUCH A METHOD
EP1288099A1 (en) * 2001-08-08 2003-03-05 Siemens Schweiz AG Method for projecting routes for vehicles using destination groups
DE102004035175B4 (en) * 2004-07-16 2006-06-29 Siemens Ag Method for route setting at relay interlockings
EP3323693A1 (en) * 2016-11-21 2018-05-23 Siemens Schweiz AG Train-oriented route securing logic for train safety installations
CN110341759B (en) * 2019-05-31 2021-07-20 北京全路通信信号研究设计院集团有限公司 Station inner side line vehicle receiving control method

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DE2433187B1 (en) * 1974-07-10 1975-09-25 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Centrally controlled signal box for railway operations, especially electronic signal box
DE2637906A1 (en) * 1976-08-23 1978-03-02 Siemens Ag Systematic signalling and operation of track layouts - has adjacent address register for exchange of track section data in computer controlled electronic signalling system
DE2909512B1 (en) * 1979-03-10 1980-07-10 Standard Elek K Lorenz Ag Track interlocking
DE3007960C2 (en) * 1980-03-01 1982-08-12 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Electronic signal box

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EP0105182A2 (en) 1984-04-11
ES8404654A1 (en) 1984-05-16
DE3232308C2 (en) 1984-10-31
ZA835847B (en) 1984-04-25
ES525151A0 (en) 1984-05-16
IL69421A0 (en) 1983-11-30
DE3232308A1 (en) 1984-03-15
YU177083A (en) 1986-04-30
EP0105182A3 (en) 1987-03-04
ATE52062T1 (en) 1990-05-15

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