EP0098760A2 - Monitor setting method and monitoring arrangement for a site to be protected - Google Patents

Monitor setting method and monitoring arrangement for a site to be protected Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0098760A2
EP0098760A2 EP83401173A EP83401173A EP0098760A2 EP 0098760 A2 EP0098760 A2 EP 0098760A2 EP 83401173 A EP83401173 A EP 83401173A EP 83401173 A EP83401173 A EP 83401173A EP 0098760 A2 EP0098760 A2 EP 0098760A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dipole
state
original state
memory
site
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EP83401173A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0098760A3 (en
Inventor
Roger Amar
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Individual
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Individual
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B26/00—Alarm systems in which substations are interrogated in succession by a central station
    • G08B26/006—Alarm systems in which substations are interrogated in succession by a central station with substations connected to an individual line, e.g. star configuration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B23/00—Alarms responsive to unspecified undesired or abnormal conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for monitoring a site, for example a building, and more particularly relates to a method of taking into account the data to be monitored, which is both faster and more reliable over time than the other methods. known calibration standards.
  • the invention also relates to a monitoring installation implementing this method.
  • a conventional surveillance installation whose function is to signal the presence of intruders in a given site (building, individual house, factory, etc.) consists of a central information management unit to which are connected on the one hand signaling means (for example one or, preferably, several sirens) and, on the other hand, a plurality of sensors whose function is to detect the presence of the intruder by emitting a usable output signal, in particular an abrupt change in electrical state, which is interpreted by the central unit as an alarm triggering order.
  • signaling means for example one or, preferably, several sirens
  • the physiognomy of the sensor network depends above all on the site to be monitored. It may be necessary to combine sensors with volume monitoring (radars) and electromechanical sensors placed in judiciously chosen locations, in general doors and windows.
  • radars volume monitoring
  • electromechanical sensors there are devices with normally open contact and devices with normally closed contact. We can still distinguish among these devices for shock detection and devices maintained in a given state thanks to the proximity of a magnet, the opening of the door or window causing, for example, the removal of the magnet and therefore the change of state of the sensor.
  • the central unit generally has a plurality of inputs intended to be connected to one or more of the sensors mentioned above.
  • the invention aims at a new type of taking into account the initial data, allowing in particular the elimination of the Wheatstone bridges mentioned above.
  • the invention therefore relates to a method of monitoring a site to be protected such as, for example, a building, in which are arranged at least one sensor and, preferably, several sensors connected together so to constitute at least one network forming an electrical dipole connected by its two terminals to a central monitoring unit, characterized in that it consists in measuring the original state of said dipole seen from its two terminals, in memorizing said state of origin and to subsequently compare the current state of said dipole with said stored original state and to trigger a signaling procedure if the difference between these two states exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the invention also covers any installation for monitoring a site to be protected, such as for example a building, of the type comprising a central monitoring unit to which are connected at least one dipole formed by a sensor or a network of sensors connected between them and at least one signaling or alarm means capable of being actuated in response to a significant change in the state of said dipole, characterized in that said central unit comprises means for measuring the state of said dipole, a memory capable of memorizing a particular state or original state of said dipole and a comparator means arranged between said memory and said measuring means for determining the difference between the state of said dipole at a given instant and said original state, control means being arranged between said comparator means and said signaling means to trigger the latter when said deviation exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the monitoring installation consists of a central monitoring unit 11, at least one dipole 12 and at least one alarm means 13 consisting of a siren.
  • the central unit 11 comprises an analog-digital converter 14, provided with a number of multiplexable inputs a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 59 a 6 and b 1 , b 2 .
  • each input a 1 - a 6 will receive signals from the sensors, while the other two (b 1 , b 2 ) will each be connected to a measurement circuit 15 of the state of a siren such as siren 13, if the installation is designed to receive two.
  • the analog-digital converter could, of course, be made up of as many independent conversion sections as there are inputs.
  • Each input a 1 - a 6 is connected to a pair of access terminals A, B of the housing of the central unit via a network of resistors R 1 , R 2 and R 3 .
  • a dipole 12 is shown connected to one of these pairs of terminals.
  • the resistor R 1 on the one hand (which is connected to a voltage source V 0 ) and the series mounting of the dipole 12 with the resistor R 3 on the other hand, constitute a voltage divider connected to an input (a 1 ) of the converter via the resistor R 2 .
  • Any variation in resistance in dipole 12 is therefore necessarily transmitted in the form of a voltage variation at input a 1 .
  • the dipole 12 is constituted by a series connection of several electromechanical sensors 17 with normally closed contact 18 and with series resistance.
  • the resistance and the normally closed contact are, for example, housed in a same housing constituting a sensor.
  • other electromechanical sensors with normally open contact or with normally closed contact could be used, forming other types of dipoles.
  • FIG. 2a shows, for example, a dipole called "end-of-line resistor" because it includes a resistor R, placed at the end of the line, a number of normally closed contacts 20 placed in series between the terminals of the dipole and a number of normally open contacts 21 placed in parallel between these same terminals.
  • R L resistor
  • the dipole impedance is equal to the value of the resistance R L.
  • the dipole impedance tends to infinity and when one of the normally open contacts closes, it tends to zero.
  • the last two states must be taken into account by the central unit as alarm triggering orders.
  • the converter 14 is coupled to a microprocessor 25 associated with a memory M.
  • the latter has sufficient capacity to store at least as many words as there are sections or d multiplexed inputs in said converter, each word being representative of a voltage value.
  • the microprocessor is programmed to manage the memory and, in particular, to control the recording of digital information representative of the voltages applied to the inputs a and b of the converter during an initialization phase and to compare them subsequently and cyclically with the instantaneous voltage values applied to these same inputs, respectively, throughout the duration of commissioning of the installation.
  • a deviation resulting from a given comparison at a given time triggers an alarm, that is to say that the microprocessor 25 sends a control signal to a shift register 26 which controls the various sirens 13.
  • a siren 13 has its own audio frequency oscillator, so that it is put into service by simple application of a voltage V 2 at its terminals. This voltage is applied by the working contact of a relay 28 controlled by a transistor T 1 , the base of which is connected to an output (q 2 in FIG. 1) of the register 26.
  • the measurement circuit 15 of the state of the siren 13 consists of a resistor R 4 on the one hand (supplied by a voltage source V 1 ) and siren 13, itself in series with a diode D 1 , on the other hand.
  • the common point of the resistor R 4 and of the diode D 1 is connected to the input b 1 by the connection 30. It is understood that this arrangement also plays the role of a "voltage divider" with respect to input b 1 , whose state changes depending on the operating conditions and connection of the siren 13. Indeed, if the alarm is not triggered and the connection wiring to the siren is not deteriorated, input b 1 receives a low voltage, less than 0.7 volts.
  • the input b 1 receives substantially the voltage V 1 .
  • the processor is of course programmed to trigger the alarm thanks to another siren not shown and to signal the fault. Furthermore, if the alarm is triggered and the siren is short-circuited, input b 1 receives an abnormally low voltage, less than 0.7 volts.
  • the microprocessor is programmed to, in such a case, cut the power supply to relay 28 (blocking of transistor T 1 by the shift register) and signal the fault, while triggering an alarm thanks to the other sirens. This additional security absolutely preserves the electrical supply means, in particular the batteries, from any thermal runaway. It can therefore be seen that each siren is associated with a circuit for measuring its own connection state, that the output of this measurement circuit is connected to an input of the converter 14 and that part of the memory M is reserved for storage. digital information representative of an original state of this measurement circuit.
  • the installation is commissioned as follows.
  • a procedure for taking into account and memorizing all the input parameters is initiated, that is to say a storage in the memory M of all the voltages applied to the inputs a and b.
  • This procedure is, of course, entirely managed by the microprocessor. If one of the connecting wires of a siren is cut, the appearance of a voltage V 1 at an input b is immediately interpreted as a fault by the microprocessor, which fault is signaled.
  • a fictitious alarm makes it possible to check immediately after no siren is short-circuited. From this moment, the installation is operational and the microprocessor begins to compare cyclically all the voltages (digitally converted) applied to inputs a and b, to the corresponding values recorded in memory M. A deviation greater than a predetermined value triggers an alarm .
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments which have just been described. Many variations of circuits are possible. In particular, the siren control circuit may be significantly different. You can, for example, replace the relay with a power transistor control circuit. This means that the invention covers all the technical equivalents of the means involved if they are within the scope of the claims which follow.

Abstract

Method for initialising an anti-theft alarm arrangement. According to the invention, the sensors are arranged as dipoles (12) and the initial conditions of these dipoles are stored in a memory (M) via an analog/digital convertor (14) and via a microprocessor (25), the monitoring consisting simply in subsequently comparing the condition of the dipoles with the corresponding memorised value. The branch condition of the sirens is tested in the same way. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne un procédé de mise en surveillance d'un site, par exemple un immeuble, et vise plus particulièrement un procédé de prise en compte des données à surveiller, à la fois plus rapide et plus fiable dans le temps que les autres procédés d'étalonnage connus. L'invention concerne aussi une installation de surveillance mettant en oeuvre ce procédé.The invention relates to a method for monitoring a site, for example a building, and more particularly relates to a method of taking into account the data to be monitored, which is both faster and more reliable over time than the other methods. known calibration standards. The invention also relates to a monitoring installation implementing this method.

Une installation de surveillance classique, ayant pour fonction de signaler la présence d'intrus dans un site donné (immeuble, maison individuelle, usine, etc...) se compose d'une unité centrale de gestion des informations à laquelle sont raccordés d'une part des moyens de signalisation (par exemple une ou, de préférence, plusieurs sirènes) et, d'autre part,une pluralité de capteurs dont la fonction est de détecter la présence de l'intrus en émettant un signal de sortie utilisable, notamment un changement d'état électrique brusque, qui est interprété par l'unité centrale comme un ordre de déclenchement d'alarme.A conventional surveillance installation, whose function is to signal the presence of intruders in a given site (building, individual house, factory, etc.) consists of a central information management unit to which are connected on the one hand signaling means (for example one or, preferably, several sirens) and, on the other hand, a plurality of sensors whose function is to detect the presence of the intruder by emitting a usable output signal, in particular an abrupt change in electrical state, which is interpreted by the central unit as an alarm triggering order.

La physionomie du réseau de capteurs (le choix des types de capteurs, leur nombre, leur interconnexion...) dépend surtout du site à surveiller. On peut être amené à combiner des capteurs à surveillance volumique (radars) et des capteurs électromécaniques placés en des endroits judicieusement choisis, en général les portes et les fenêtres. Parmi ces capteurs électromécaniques, on distingue des dispositifs à contact normalement ouvert et des dispositifs à contact normalement fermé. On peut encore distinguer parmi ceux-ci des dispositifs à détection de choc et des dispositifs maintenus dans un état donné grâce à la proximité d'un aimant, l'ouverture de la porte ou de la fenêtre provoquant, par exemple, l'éloignement de l'aimant et donc le changement d'état du capteur. Par ailleurs, l'unité centrale comporte généralement une pluralité d'entrées destinées à être raccordées à un ou plusieurs des capteurs mentionnés ci-dessus. Un souci des constructeurs a été de "banaliser" autant que faire se peut, ces entrées, c'est-à-dire à les rendre compatibles entre elles pour recevoir n'importe quel capteur ou groupe de capteurs inter- connectés en un réseau formant dipôle électrique. En ce qui concerne les réseaux de capteurs, on distingue aussi classiquement plusieurs types de groupements possibles. Le plus simple est évidemment le groupement série de plusieurs capteurs à contact normalement fermé. On connaît aussi le montage dit "à résistance de fin de ligne" qui permet des combinaisons de capteurs à contact normalement ouvert et de capteurs à contact normalement fermé dans un même réseau formant dipôle. On connaît aussi des dispositifs plus sûrs, constitués chacun du branchement en série ou en parallèle d'un capteur à contact normalement ouvert ou à contact normalement fermé avec une résistance, dans un même boîtier. Lorsqu'un réseau formant dipôle est constitué de l'assemblage de tels dispositifs, on enregistre un changement d'état du dipôle (en fait un changement de l'impédance vue de ses bornes, laquelle se ramène essentiellement à une résistance pure) même si un malfaiteur essaye de neutraliser l'un des capteurs en le court-circuitant ou en coupant la ligne. Cependant, l'importance de ce changement d'état, de même que l'état d'origine du dipôle, dépendent du nombre de capteurs constituant ce dipôle. L'unité centrale doit donc être suffisamment sensible pour pexcevoir un changement d'état éventuellement faible, mais surtout doit être pourvue de moyens d'initialisation associés à chaque entrée pour prendre en compte l'état d'origine du dipôle. Jusqu'à présent, on a tenté de résoudre ce problème en dotant chaque entrée d'un pont de Wheatstone, le dipôle étant inséré dans l'une de ses branches. La mise en service de l'installation nécessitait donc un certain nombre de réglages de zéro, assez délicats,comme on sait,_dans un pont de Wheatstone. D'autre part, le grand nombre de tels ponts utilisant des résistances de précision et à faible coefficient de température comme il se doit, entrait pour une grande part dans le prix de revient élevé de l'unité centrale.The physiognomy of the sensor network (the choice of sensor types, their number, their interconnection ...) depends above all on the site to be monitored. It may be necessary to combine sensors with volume monitoring (radars) and electromechanical sensors placed in judiciously chosen locations, in general doors and windows. Among these electromechanical sensors, there are devices with normally open contact and devices with normally closed contact. We can still distinguish among these devices for shock detection and devices maintained in a given state thanks to the proximity of a magnet, the opening of the door or window causing, for example, the removal of the magnet and therefore the change of state of the sensor. Furthermore, the central unit generally has a plurality of inputs intended to be connected to one or more of the sensors mentioned above. One concern of the manufacturers has been to "trivialize" these inputs as much as possible, that is to say to make them compatible with each other to receive any sensor or group of sensors interconnected in a network forming electric dipole. With regard to sensor networks, there are also conventionally several types of possible groupings. The simplest is obviously the series grouping of several sensors with normally closed contact. We also know the so-called "end-of-line resistance" assembly which allows combinations of normally open contact sensors and normally closed contact sensors in the same dipole network. Safer devices are also known, each consisting of the connection in series or in parallel of a sensor with normally open contact or with normally closed contact with a resistor, in the same housing. When a dipole network is made up of the assembly of such devices, a change in state of the dipole is recorded (in fact a change in the impedance seen from its terminals, which essentially boils down to a pure resistance) even if a criminal attempts to neutralize one of the sensors by short-circuiting it or cutting the line. However, the importance of this change of state, as well as the original state of the dipole, depend on the number of sensors constituting this dipole. The central unit must therefore be sensitive enough to perceive a possibly slight change in state, but above all must be provided with initialization means associated with each input to take into account the original state of the dipole. So far, we have tried to solve this problem by providing each entry with a Wheatstone bridge, the dipole being inserted in one of its branches. The commissioning of the installation therefore required a certain number of zero adjustments, quite delicate, as we know, _in a Wheatstone bridge. On the other hand, the large number of such bridges using precision resistors and with a low temperature coefficient as it should be, was a large part of the high cost price of the central unit.

L'invention vise un nouveau type de prise en compte des données initiales, permettant notamment l'élimination des ponts de Wheatstone mentionnés ci-dessus.The invention aims at a new type of taking into account the initial data, allowing in particular the elimination of the Wheatstone bridges mentioned above.

Dans cet esprit, l'invention concerne donc un procédé de mise en surveillance d'un site à protéger tel que, par exemple, un immeuble, dans lequel sont agencés au moins un capteur et, de préférence, plusieurs capteurs connectés entre eux de façon à constituer au moins un réseau formant dipôle électrique raccordé par ses deux bornes à une unité centrale de surveillance, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à mesurer l'état d'origine dudit dipôle vu de ses deux bornes, à mémoriser ledit état d'origine et à comparer ultérieurement l'état actuel dudit dipôle audit état d'origine mémorisé et à déclencher une procédure de signalisation si l'écart entre ces deux états dépasse une valeur prédéterminée.In this spirit, the invention therefore relates to a method of monitoring a site to be protected such as, for example, a building, in which are arranged at least one sensor and, preferably, several sensors connected together so to constitute at least one network forming an electrical dipole connected by its two terminals to a central monitoring unit, characterized in that it consists in measuring the original state of said dipole seen from its two terminals, in memorizing said state of origin and to subsequently compare the current state of said dipole with said stored original state and to trigger a signaling procedure if the difference between these two states exceeds a predetermined value.

L'invention couvre également toute installation de surveillance d'un site à protéger, tel que par exemple un immeuble, du type comportant une unité centrale de surveillance à laquelle sont raccordés au moins un dipôle formé par un capteur ou un réseau de capteurs connectés entre eux et au moins un moyen de signalisation ou d'alarme susceptible d'être actionné en réponse à un changement significatif de l'état dudit dipôle, caractérisée en ce que ladite unité centrale comporte un moyen de mesure de l'état dudit dipôle, une mémoire susceptible de mémoriser un état particulier ou état d'origine dudit dipôle et un moyen comparateur agencé entre ladite mémoire et ledit moyen de mesure pour déterminer l'écart entre l'état dudit dipôle à un instant donné et ledit état d'origine, des moyens de pilotage étant agencés entre ledit moyen comparateur et ledit moyen de signalisation pour déclencher ce dernier lorsque ledit écart dépasse une valeur prédéterminée.The invention also covers any installation for monitoring a site to be protected, such as for example a building, of the type comprising a central monitoring unit to which are connected at least one dipole formed by a sensor or a network of sensors connected between them and at least one signaling or alarm means capable of being actuated in response to a significant change in the state of said dipole, characterized in that said central unit comprises means for measuring the state of said dipole, a memory capable of memorizing a particular state or original state of said dipole and a comparator means arranged between said memory and said measuring means for determining the difference between the state of said dipole at a given instant and said original state, control means being arranged between said comparator means and said signaling means to trigger the latter when said deviation exceeds a predetermined value.

Bien entendu, certains moyens énoncés ci-dessus et notamment le moyen comparateur et la mémoire, peuvent être matérialisés sous forme de fonctions programmées d'un processeur disponible dans le commerce. La programmation interne de ce processeur ne fait donc évidement pas partie du domaine de l'invention et est à la portée d'un technicien normalement compétent dans ce domaine.Of course, certain means set out above and in particular the comparator means and the memory, can be embodied in the form of programmed functions of a commercially available processor. The internal programming of this processor is therefore obviously not part of the field of the invention and is within the reach of a technician normally competent in this field.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront mieux à la lumière de la description qui va suivre, d'un mode de réalisation actuellement préféré d'une installation conforme au principe de l'invention, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en référence au dessin annexé, dans lequel :

  • - la figure 1 est un schéma bloc simplifié d'une installation de surveillance d'un site à protéger ; et
  • - les figures 2a et 2b représentent chacune une variante possible d'un réseau de capteurs agencés en dipôle susceptible d'être connecté à l'installation de la figure 1.
The invention will be better understood and other advantages thereof will appear better in the light of the description which follows, of a currently preferred embodiment of an installation in accordance with the principle of the invention, given only at title of example and made with reference to the appended drawing, in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a simplified block diagram of an installation for monitoring a site to be protected; and
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b each represent a possible variant of a network of sensors arranged as a dipole capable of being connected to the installation of FIG. 1.

En se reportant au dessin, l'installation de surveillance se compose d'une unité centrale de surveillance 11, d'au moins un dipôle 12 et d'au moins un moyen d'alarme 13 constitué par une sirène. On utilisera en fait de préférence deux sirènes ou plus pour des raisons de sécurité qui apparaîtront clairement plus loin. L'unité centrale 11 comporte un convertisseur analogique-numérique 14, muni d'un certain nombre d'entrées multiplexables a1, a2, a3, a4, a59 a6 et b1, b2. On peut par exemple utiliser un convertisseur du type ADC 809 disponible dans le commerce et comportant huit entrées multiplexées. Parmi ces entrées, on peut décider que six d'entre elles (a1 - a6) recevront des signaux en provenance des capteurs, tandis que les deux autres (b1, b2) seront reliées, chacune, à un circuit de mesure 15 de l'état d'une sirène telle que la sirène 13, si l'installation est prévue pour en recevoir deux. Sur le dessin, on n'a représenté qu'une seule sirène et son circuit de mesure 15. Le convertisseur analogique-numérique pourrait, bien entendu, être constitué d'autant de sections de conversion indépendantes qu'il y a d'entrées. Chaque entrée a1- a6 est connectée à une paire de bornes d'accès A, B du boîtier de l'unité centrale par l'intermédiaire d'un réseau de résistances R1, R2 et R3. Un dipôle 12 est représenté connecté à l'une de ces paires de bornes. Il apparaît clairement que la résistance R1 d'une part (laquelle est reliée à une source de tension V0) et le montage série du dipôle 12 avec la résistance R3 d'autre part, constituent un diviseur de tension connecté à une entrée (a1) du convertisseur par l'intermédiaire de la résistance R2. Toute variation de résistance dans le dipôle 12 est donc obligatoirement transmise sous forme d'une variation de tension à l'entrée a1. Dans l'exemple de la figure 1, le dipôle 12 est constitué par un branchement en série de plusieurs capteurs électromécaniques 17 à contact normalement fermé 18 et à résistance série 19. La résistance et le contact normalement fermé sont, par exemple, logés dans un même boîtier constituant un capteur. Bien entendu, on pourrait utiliser d'autres capteurs électromécaniques à contact normalement ouvert ou à contact normalement fermé, formant d'autres types de dipôles. La figure 2a montre, par exemple, un dipôle dit "à résistance de fin de ligne" parce qu'il comporte une résistance R, placée en bout de ligne, un certain nombre de contacts normalement fermés 20 placés en série entre les bornes du dipôle et un certain nombre de contacts normalement ouverts 21 placés en parallèle entre ces mêmes bornes. Lorsque tous les capteurs sont au repos, l'impédance du dipôle est égale à la valeur de la résistance RL. Lorsque l'un des contacts normalement fermés s'ouvre, l'impédance du dipôle tend vers l'infini et lorsque l'un des contacts normalement ouverts se ferme, elle tend vers zéro. Bien entendu, les deux derniers états doivent être pris en compte par l'unité centrale comme des ordres de déclenchement d'alarme. On peut aussi connecter à l'unité centrale des dipôles plus simples, comme celui de la figure 2b, uniquement constitué de contacts normalement fermés 22, connectés en série.Referring to the drawing, the monitoring installation consists of a central monitoring unit 11, at least one dipole 12 and at least one alarm means 13 consisting of a siren. In fact, two or more sirens will preferably be used for security reasons which will appear clearly below. The central unit 11 comprises an analog-digital converter 14, provided with a number of multiplexable inputs a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 59 a 6 and b 1 , b 2 . One can for example use a converter of the ADC 809 type commercially available and comprising eight multiplexed inputs. Among these inputs, it can be decided that six of them (a 1 - a 6 ) will receive signals from the sensors, while the other two (b 1 , b 2 ) will each be connected to a measurement circuit 15 of the state of a siren such as siren 13, if the installation is designed to receive two. In the drawing, only one siren and its measurement circuit 15 have been shown. The analog-digital converter could, of course, be made up of as many independent conversion sections as there are inputs. Each input a 1 - a 6 is connected to a pair of access terminals A, B of the housing of the central unit via a network of resistors R 1 , R 2 and R 3 . A dipole 12 is shown connected to one of these pairs of terminals. It clearly appears that the resistor R 1 on the one hand (which is connected to a voltage source V 0 ) and the series mounting of the dipole 12 with the resistor R 3 on the other hand, constitute a voltage divider connected to an input (a 1 ) of the converter via the resistor R 2 . Any variation in resistance in dipole 12 is therefore necessarily transmitted in the form of a voltage variation at input a 1 . In the example of FIG. 1, the dipole 12 is constituted by a series connection of several electromechanical sensors 17 with normally closed contact 18 and with series resistance. The resistance and the normally closed contact are, for example, housed in a same housing constituting a sensor. Of course, other electromechanical sensors with normally open contact or with normally closed contact could be used, forming other types of dipoles. FIG. 2a shows, for example, a dipole called "end-of-line resistor" because it includes a resistor R, placed at the end of the line, a number of normally closed contacts 20 placed in series between the terminals of the dipole and a number of normally open contacts 21 placed in parallel between these same terminals. When all the sensors are at rest, the dipole impedance is equal to the value of the resistance R L. When one of the normally closed contacts opens, the dipole impedance tends to infinity and when one of the normally open contacts closes, it tends to zero. Of course, the last two states must be taken into account by the central unit as alarm triggering orders. One can also connect to the central unit simpler dipoles, like that of FIG. 2b, consisting only of normally closed contacts 22, connected in series.

Considérant à nouveau l'unité centrale 11, on voit que le convertisseur 14 est couplé à un microprocesseur 25 associé à une mémoire M. Celle-ci a une capacité suffisante pour stocker au moins autant de mots qu'il y a de sections ou d'entrées multiplexées dans ledit convertisseur, chaque mot étant représentatif d'une valeur de tension. Le microprocesseur est programmé pour gérer la mémoire et, notamment, commander l'inscription des informations numériques représentatives des tensions appliquées aux entrées a et b du convertisseur pendant une phase d'initialisation et pour les comparer ultérieurement et cycliquement aux valeurs de tension instantanées appliquées à ces mêmes entrées, respectivement, tout au long de la durée de mise en service de l'installation. Bien entendu, un écart résultant d'une comparaison donnée à un moment donné déclenche une alarme, c'est-à-dire que le microprocesseur 25 adresse un signal de commande à un registre à décalage 26 qui pilote les différentes sirènes 13. De façon très classique, une sirène 13 comporte son propre oscillateur audiofréquence, de sorte qu'elle est mise en service par simple application d'une tension V2 à ses bornes. Cette tension est appliquée par le contact travail d'un relais 28 piloté par un transistor T1 dont la base est reliée à une sortie (q2 sur la figure 1) du registre 26. Le circuit de mesure 15 de l'état de la sirène 13 est constitué d'une résistance R4 d'une part (alimentée par une source de tension V1) et de la sirène 13, elle-même en série avec une diode D1, d'autre part. Le point commun de la résistance R4 et de la diode D1 est relié à l'entrée b1 par la liaison 30. On conçoit que ce montage joue aussi le rôle d'un"diviseur de tension"vis-à-vis de l'entrée b1, dont l'état change en fonction des conditions de fonctionnement et du branchement de la sirène 13. En effet, si l'alarme n'est pas déclenchée et que le câblage de liaison à la sirène n'est pas détérioré, l'entrée b1 reçoit une tension faible, inférieure à 0,7 volt. En revanche, si le fil de liaison à la sirène est coupé (par suite d'un mauvais branchement ou par suite de l'intervention d'un malfaiteur), l'entrée b1 reçoit sensiblement la tension V1. Le processeur est bien sûr programmé pour déclencher l'alarme grâce à une autre sirène non représentée et signaler le défaut. Par ailleurs, si l'alarme est déclenchée et que la sirène est en court-circuit, l'entrée b1 reçoit une tension anormalement faible, inférieure à 0,7 volt. Le microprocesseur est programmé pour, dans une telle hypothèse, couper l'alimentation du relais 28 (blocage du transistor T1 par le registre à décalage) et signaler le défaut, tout en déclenchant une alarme grâce aux autres sirènes. Cette sécurité supplémentaire préserve de façon absolue les moyens d'alimentation électrique, notamment les batteries, d'un quelconque emballement thermique. On voit donc que chaque sirène est associée à un circuit de mesure de son propre état de branchement, que la sortie de ce circuit de mesure est reliée à une entrée du convertisseur 14 et qu'une partie de la mémoire M est réservée pour le stockage d'informations numériques représentatives d'un état d'origine de ce circuit de mesure.Considering again the central processing unit 11, it can be seen that the converter 14 is coupled to a microprocessor 25 associated with a memory M. The latter has sufficient capacity to store at least as many words as there are sections or d multiplexed inputs in said converter, each word being representative of a voltage value. The microprocessor is programmed to manage the memory and, in particular, to control the recording of digital information representative of the voltages applied to the inputs a and b of the converter during an initialization phase and to compare them subsequently and cyclically with the instantaneous voltage values applied to these same inputs, respectively, throughout the duration of commissioning of the installation. Of course, a deviation resulting from a given comparison at a given time triggers an alarm, that is to say that the microprocessor 25 sends a control signal to a shift register 26 which controls the various sirens 13. So very conventional, a siren 13 has its own audio frequency oscillator, so that it is put into service by simple application of a voltage V 2 at its terminals. This voltage is applied by the working contact of a relay 28 controlled by a transistor T 1 , the base of which is connected to an output (q 2 in FIG. 1) of the register 26. The measurement circuit 15 of the state of the siren 13 consists of a resistor R 4 on the one hand (supplied by a voltage source V 1 ) and siren 13, itself in series with a diode D 1 , on the other hand. The common point of the resistor R 4 and of the diode D 1 is connected to the input b 1 by the connection 30. It is understood that this arrangement also plays the role of a "voltage divider" with respect to input b 1 , whose state changes depending on the operating conditions and connection of the siren 13. Indeed, if the alarm is not triggered and the connection wiring to the siren is not deteriorated, input b 1 receives a low voltage, less than 0.7 volts. On the other hand, if the connection wire to the siren is cut (due to a bad connection or following the intervention of a criminal), the input b 1 receives substantially the voltage V 1 . The processor is of course programmed to trigger the alarm thanks to another siren not shown and to signal the fault. Furthermore, if the alarm is triggered and the siren is short-circuited, input b 1 receives an abnormally low voltage, less than 0.7 volts. The microprocessor is programmed to, in such a case, cut the power supply to relay 28 (blocking of transistor T 1 by the shift register) and signal the fault, while triggering an alarm thanks to the other sirens. This additional security absolutely preserves the electrical supply means, in particular the batteries, from any thermal runaway. It can therefore be seen that each siren is associated with a circuit for measuring its own connection state, that the output of this measurement circuit is connected to an input of the converter 14 and that part of the memory M is reserved for storage. digital information representative of an original state of this measurement circuit.

La mise en service de l'installation s'effectue de la façon suivante. Lorsque tous les capteurs placés dans le site à surveiller ont été connectés en un certain nombre de dipôles, lorsque chaque dipôle a été raccordé à une paire de bornes A, B et lorsque toutes les sirènes 13 ont été raccordées à l'unité centrale de surveillance 11, on enclenche une procédure de prise en compte et de mémorisation de tous les paramètres d'entrée, c'est-à-dire un stockage dans la mémoire M de toutes les tensions appliquées aux entrées a et b. Cette procédure est, bien entendu, entièrement gérée par le microprocessuer. Si l'un des fils de liaison d'une sirène est coupé, l'apparition d'une tension V1 à une entrée b est immédiatement interprétée comme un défaut par le microprocessur, lequel défaut est signalé. Le déclenchement d'une alarme fictive permet de vérifier aussitôt après qu'aucune sirène n'est en court-circuit. A partir dece moment, l'installation est opérationnelle et le microprocesseur commence à comparer cycliquement toutes les tensions (converties numériquement) appliquées aux entrées a et b, aux valeurs correspondantes enregistrées dans la mémoire M. Un écart supérieur à une valeur prédéterminée déclenche une alarme.The installation is commissioned as follows. When all the sensors placed in the site to be monitored have been connected to a certain number of dipoles, when each dipole has been connected to a pair of terminals A, B and when all the sirens 13 have been connected to the central monitoring unit 11, a procedure for taking into account and memorizing all the input parameters is initiated, that is to say a storage in the memory M of all the voltages applied to the inputs a and b. This procedure is, of course, entirely managed by the microprocessor. If one of the connecting wires of a siren is cut, the appearance of a voltage V 1 at an input b is immediately interpreted as a fault by the microprocessor, which fault is signaled. The triggering of a fictitious alarm makes it possible to check immediately after no siren is short-circuited. From this moment, the installation is operational and the microprocessor begins to compare cyclically all the voltages (digitally converted) applied to inputs a and b, to the corresponding values recorded in memory M. A deviation greater than a predetermined value triggers an alarm .

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation qui viennent d'être décrits. De nombreuses variantes de circuits sont possibles. En particulier, le circuit de commande de la sirène peut être sensiblement différent. On peut, par exemple, remplacer le relais par un circuit de commande à transistor de puissance. C'est dire que l'invention couvre tous les équivalents techniques des moyens misen jeu si ceux-ci le sont dans le cadre des revendications qui suiventOf course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments which have just been described. Many variations of circuits are possible. In particular, the siren control circuit may be significantly different. You can, for example, replace the relay with a power transistor control circuit. This means that the invention covers all the technical equivalents of the means involved if they are within the scope of the claims which follow.

Claims (6)

1. Procédé de mise en surveillance d'un site à protéger, tel que par exemple un immeuble, dans lequel sont agencés au moins un capteur et, de préférence, plusieurs capteurs connectés entre eux de façon à constituer au moins un réseau formant dipôle électrique raccordé par ses deux bornes à une unité centrale de surveillance (11), caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à mesurer l'état d'origine dudit dipôle (12) vu de ses deux bornes (A, B), à mémoriser (M) ledit état d'origine et à comparer ultérieurement l'état actuel dudit dipôle (12) audit état d'origine mémorisé et à déclencher une procédure de signalisation (13) si l'écart entre ces deux états dépasse une valeur prédéterminée.1. Method for monitoring a site to be protected, such as for example a building, in which are arranged at least one sensor and, preferably, several sensors connected together so as to constitute at least one network forming an electrical dipole connected by its two terminals to a central monitoring unit (11), characterized in that it consists in measuring the original state of said dipole (12) seen from its two terminals (A, B), to be memorized (M ) said original state and to subsequently compare the current state of said dipole (12) with said stored original state and to trigger a signaling procedure (13) if the difference between these two states exceeds a predetermined value. 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on convertit (14) la mesure dudit état d'origine en informations numériques et en ce qu'on mémorise ces dernières en vue des comparaisons ultérieures.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that one converts (14) the measurement of said original state into digital information and in that one memorizes the latter for later comparisons. 3. Installation de surveillance d'un site à protéger tel que, par exemple, un immeuble, du type comportant une unité centrale de surveillance (11) à laquelle sont raccordés au moins un dipôle (12) formé par un capteur ou un réseau de capteurs connectés entre eux et au moins un moyen de signalisation ou d'alarme (13) susceptible d'être actionné en réponse à un changement significatif de l'état dudit dipôle, caractérisée en ce que ladite unité centrale (11) comporte un moyen de mesure (R1, R2, R3) de l'état dudit dipôle, une mémoire(M)susceptible de mémoriser un état particulier ou état d'origine dudit dipôle et un moyen comparateur (25) agencé entre ladite mémoire et ledit moyen de mesure pour déterminer l'écart entre l'état dudit dipôle à un instant donné et ledit état d'origine, des moyens de pilotage (Tl,.28) étant agencés entre ledit moyen comparateur et ledit moyen de signalisation pour déclencher ce dernier lorsque ledit écart dépasse une valeur prédéterminée.3. Installation for monitoring a site to be protected such as, for example, a building, of the type comprising a central monitoring unit (11) to which are connected at least one dipole (12) formed by a sensor or a network of sensors connected together and at least one signaling or alarm means (13) capable of being actuated in response to a significant change in the state of said dipole, characterized in that said central unit (11) comprises a means of measurement (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 ) of the state of said dipole, a memory (M) capable of memorizing a particular state or original state of said dipole and a comparator means (25) arranged between said memory and said means measurement to determine the difference between the state of said dipole at a given instant and said original state, control means (T l , .28) being arranged between said comparator means and said signaling means for triggering the latter when said deviation exceeds a predetermined value. 4. Installation selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce qu'un convertisseur analogique-numérique (14) est connecté à la sortie dudit moyen de mesure.4. Installation according to claim 3, characterized in that an analog-digital converter (14) is connected to the output of said measuring means. 5. Installation selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que ledit convertisseur analogique-numérique (14) comporte plusieurs sections de conversion ou plusieurs entrées multiplexables (a-b) et que ladite mémoire (M) a une capacité suffisante pour stocker au moins autant de mots qu'il y a de sections ou d'entrées dans ledit convertisseur.5. Installation according to claim 4, characterized in that said analog-digital converter (14) comprises several conversion sections or several multiplexable inputs (ab) and that said memory (M) has sufficient capacity to store at least as many words that there are sections or inputs in said converter. 6. Installation selon la revendication 5, du type comportant au moins une sirène (13) en tant que moyen de signalisation, caractérisée en ce que ladite sirène (13) est associée à un circuit de mesure (15) de son état de branchement, que la sortie de ce circuit de mesure est reliée à une entrée dudit convertisseur et qu'une partie de ladite mémoire (M) est réservée pour le stockage d'informations numériques représentatives d'un état d'origine de ce circuit de mesure.6. Installation according to claim 5, of the type comprising at least one siren (13) as a signaling means, characterized in that said siren (13) is associated with a measurement circuit (15) of its state of connection, that the output of this measurement circuit is connected to an input of said converter and that part of said memory (M) is reserved for the storage of digital information representative of an original state of this measurement circuit.
EP83401173A 1982-06-09 1983-06-09 Monitor setting method and monitoring arrangement for a site to be protected Withdrawn EP0098760A3 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8210001 1982-06-09
FR8210001A FR2528601A1 (en) 1982-06-09 1982-06-09 METHOD FOR MONITORING A SITE TO BE PROTECTED AND MONITORING PLANT USING THE SAME

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EP0098760A2 true EP0098760A2 (en) 1984-01-18
EP0098760A3 EP0098760A3 (en) 1987-05-27

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE59005108D1 (en) * 1990-01-17 1994-04-28 Siemens Ag Protection device for electrical machines.
DE4100827C2 (en) * 1991-01-14 1999-02-11 Diehl Stiftung & Co Monitoring facility

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3740466A (en) * 1970-12-14 1973-06-19 Jackson & Church Electronics C Surveillance system
US4027289A (en) * 1975-06-26 1977-05-31 Toman Donald J Operating condition data system
DE2716506A1 (en) * 1977-04-14 1978-10-19 Dieter Eberhard Location of triggered sensor in alarm system - by measuring peak voltage at end of line of series connected sensor contacts having parallel connected resistors
EP0004911A1 (en) * 1978-04-19 1979-10-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Annunciator of danger

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3740466A (en) * 1970-12-14 1973-06-19 Jackson & Church Electronics C Surveillance system
US4027289A (en) * 1975-06-26 1977-05-31 Toman Donald J Operating condition data system
DE2716506A1 (en) * 1977-04-14 1978-10-19 Dieter Eberhard Location of triggered sensor in alarm system - by measuring peak voltage at end of line of series connected sensor contacts having parallel connected resistors
EP0004911A1 (en) * 1978-04-19 1979-10-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Annunciator of danger

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EP0098760A3 (en) 1987-05-27
FR2528601B3 (en) 1985-03-08
FR2528601A1 (en) 1983-12-16

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