EP0068963A1 - Automatic door closer incorporating braking means - Google Patents

Automatic door closer incorporating braking means Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0068963A1
EP0068963A1 EP82401076A EP82401076A EP0068963A1 EP 0068963 A1 EP0068963 A1 EP 0068963A1 EP 82401076 A EP82401076 A EP 82401076A EP 82401076 A EP82401076 A EP 82401076A EP 0068963 A1 EP0068963 A1 EP 0068963A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
door closer
bladder
housing
closer according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP82401076A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gérard Saigne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Paumellerie Electrique SA
Original Assignee
Paumellerie Electrique SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Paumellerie Electrique SA filed Critical Paumellerie Electrique SA
Publication of EP0068963A1 publication Critical patent/EP0068963A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
    • E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
    • E05F3/10—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction
    • E05F3/102—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction with rack-and-pinion transmission between driving shaft and piston within the closer housing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefore
    • E05Y2201/40—Motors; Magnets; Springs; Weights; Accessories therefore
    • E05Y2201/47—Springs; Spring tensioners
    • E05Y2201/474—Compression springs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
    • E05Y2900/13—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof characterised by the type of wing
    • E05Y2900/132—Doors

Definitions

  • the door closers currently used consist of two arms which are hinged together and intended to be hinged, one on the leaf, the other on the door frame, and one of which is associated with a closing device.
  • automatic Different types of closing devices have been produced, but they all generally include a piston movable inside a housing containing oil, and connected to the arm by a rack and pinion system, or similar.
  • a spring pushes the piston, and consequently the arm, towards the closed position but this movement is braked by the pressure of the oil in the housing, a constricted passage limiting the circulation of the oil in this direction.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy this by providing a door closer which no longer requires the use of precise parts, the problems posed by sealing being practically eliminated.
  • the object of this invention is in fact a door closer, the closing device of which comprises, opposite the spring, a bladder containing a viscous gum, deformable but incompressible, placed in a hollow piston resiliently returned to an adjustment position.
  • the gum contained in the bladder is a visco-elastic elastomer gum, based on silicone.
  • a visco-elastic elastomer gum based on silicone.
  • Such an eraser the viscosity of which is variable and which reacts suddenly under the action of an impact such as that of the piston pushed back by the spring, first ensures a significant absorption of energy then, once again become fluid and viscous, but always incompressible, ensures regular braking of the piston. The safety and efficiency of the device are thus improved.
  • the door closer object of the invention has two arms, respectively 1 and 2, which are hinged together at 3.
  • the first arm, 1, preferably has an adjustable length and carries at its end free an axis 4 allowing its articulated mounting, for example as in the embodiment shown, on the frame 5 of the door.
  • the second arm 2 is itself fixed to a device 6 for closing the door carried, in this embodiment, by the leaf 7 of the latter.
  • the arm 2 is secured at its end to an axis 8 which passes through it but also passes right through, a housing 10 of the closure device 6. Inside this housing 10 the axis 8 is integral with a toothed pinion 12, engaged with a rack 14 carried by a cylindrical pinion 16 coaxial with the housing 10. The rod 18 of this piston 16 is guided in a cylindrical sleeve 20 integral with the end wall 21 of the housing 10. Furthermore a spring 22 mounted between the wall 21 and the cylinder 16 tends to move apart the latter and push it towards the opposite end of the housing 10.
  • the displacement of the piston 16 is further guided by a relatively thick sheath, 24, which is fixed in the housing 10 and has a recess 25 allowing the passage of the axis 8 and the pinion 12.
  • the sheath 24 At its end opposite the spring 22 the sheath 24 has a recess 26 forming between it and the housing 10 an annular space 28 in which the side wall of a hollow piston 30, of large diameter, can slide.
  • the piston 30 is guided by the internal wall of the housing 10 and also provides centering of the end of the central sleeve 32, which is also fitted onto an annular projection 34 carried by the end wall 36 of the housing 10.
  • the sleeve 32 has an external shoulder 38 and a spring 40, pressing against this shoulder, tends to push the piston 30 towards the sheath 24.
  • the sleeve 32 being hollow carries at its internal end the nozzle 42 for filling a bladder 44 placed inside the piston 30 and filled with a viscous and incompressible fluid 46.
  • the end piece 42 is closed by a tight screw 43, while the annular projection 34 of the wall 36 which carries the sleeve 32 is closed by an adjustment screw 48, integral with a control button 50.
  • the screw adjustment 48 is in abutment against the sleeve 32 and Thus determines the position of the filling nozzle 42, that is to say of the bladder 44 relative to the sheath 24.
  • the viscous fluid 46 contained in the bladder 44 is preferably a visco-elastic elastomer gum, and in particular a non-crosslinked silicone gum, having a consistency of viscosity in a wide temperature range and a high energy absorption capacity.
  • this gum can be added with different components, so as to vary its viscosity according to the type of door closer to be produced. It is for example possible to add to the gum industrial glycerin, white oleic acid or any other product.
  • the bladder 44 is made of a waterproof material, resistant to repeated deformation at various temperatures, such as a fluorocarbon or other elastomer.
  • the spring 22 pushes the piston 16 in the direction of the bladder 44, so that the rack 14 causes a rotation in opposite direction of the axis 8 of articulation of the arm 2.
  • the piston 16 then abuts abruptly against the central projection of the bladder 44, the contents of which it forces back towards the end piece 42. Then the viscous fluid 44 is incompressible, the continued movement of the piston 16 simultaneously repels the bladder 44 and the piston 30 against the action of the spring 40, in the direction of the opposite end wall 36.
  • the fluid 44 is viscous and the piston 30 having a diameter significantly greater than that of the piston 16, the latter is gradually braked and then ready to stop.
  • the viscous gum 46 is a visco-elastic silicone gum capable of hardening suddenly under the effect of an impact
  • the assembly formed by the bladder 44 and the viscous gum 46 absorbs a very large amount of energy from the piston 16 and stops it practically for an extremely short instant, of the order of a few tenths of a second.
  • the visco-elastic rubber 46 however quickly becomes viscous and fluid again, so that further movement of the piston 16 under the action of the pinion 12 is possible, although considerably hampered by the need to move the entire rubber as well as the piston 30 against the action of the spring 40.
  • the closing device is then in its rest position, that is to say that the bladder 44 has returned to its initial position.
  • the device is ready to be used again.
  • the only fluid used is the rubber contained in the bladder 44.
  • the only sealing device required is therefore that which is placed between the filling nozzle 42 and the screw 43 for closing this nozzle.
  • the other members simply need to move easily relative to each other and can easily be manufactured with relatively large tolerances. Consequently, the housing 10, as well as the members it contains, can be made of plastic material having a good coefficient of friction.
  • the housing 10 is made of polyamide or polyester, while the piston 30 which slides in this housing is made of a polyacetal.
  • these organs can also be manufactured in metal, for example aluminum or zinc alloy (Zanak), no further machining being necessary.
  • the housing 10 is preferably constituted by a single piece and is simply open at its end.
  • the wall 36 which supports the adjustment screw 48 is then constituted by a removable cap fixed to the wall of the housing 10, for example by a bayonet system.
  • the device can thus be dismantled at any time to be checked and maintained. It is also possible at any time to modify its setting and to have access to the interior of the bladder 44, either for the purpose of filling, or for the purpose of modifying the viscous product contained in this bladder, and thus adjusting the braking intensity which is linked to the viscosity of the rubber, and / or ensuring a take-up of the clearances and wear.
  • This provides an inexpensive production device, the operation of which is safe and reliable, and which is particularly resistant to wear and fatigue.

Abstract

Ce ferme-porte comport a l'extrémité de l'un des bras articulés un dispositif de fermeture dont le boîtier (10) enferme un piston cylindrique (16) entraîné par le bras, par l'intermédiaire d'un système pignon (12)-crémaillère (14), et de part et d'autre de ce piston, un ressort de rappel (22) et une vessie (44) remplie d'une gomme visqueuse incompressible mais déformable, et placée dans un piston creux (30) rappelé élastiquement en direction du piston cylindrique (16). Le piston creux a un diamêtre nettement supérieur a celui du piston cylindrique (16) et les actions combinées de cette différence de diamètres et de la viscosité de la gomme assurent un freinage efficace du retour du piston principal (16).This door closer comprises at the end of one of the articulated arms a closing device, the housing (10) of which encloses a cylindrical piston (16) driven by the arm, by means of a pinion system (12). - rack (14), and on either side of this piston, a return spring (22) and a bladder (44) filled with an incompressible but deformable viscous gum, and placed in a hollow piston (30) recalled elastically in the direction of the cylindrical piston (16). The hollow piston has a diameter significantly greater than that of the cylindrical piston (16) and the combined actions of this difference in diameters and the viscosity of the rubber ensure effective braking of the return of the main piston (16).

Description

Les ferme-porte actuellement utilisés sont constitués par deux bras qui sont articulés entre eux et destinés à être articulés l'un sur le battant, l'autre sur le dormant de la porte, et dont l'un est associé à un dispositif de fermeture automatique. Différents types de dispositifs de fermeture ont été réalisés, mais ils comportent tous, d'une façon générale, un piston mobile à l'intérieur d'un boîtier contenant de l'huile, et relié au bras par un système pignon-crémaillère, ou analogue. Un ressort repousse le piston, et par suite le bras, vers la position de fermeture mais ce déplacement est freiné par la pression de l'huile dans le boîtier, un passage étranglé limitant la circulation de l'huile dans ce sens.The door closers currently used consist of two arms which are hinged together and intended to be hinged, one on the leaf, the other on the door frame, and one of which is associated with a closing device. automatic. Different types of closing devices have been produced, but they all generally include a piston movable inside a housing containing oil, and connected to the arm by a rack and pinion system, or similar. A spring pushes the piston, and consequently the arm, towards the closed position but this movement is braked by the pressure of the oil in the housing, a constricted passage limiting the circulation of the oil in this direction.

De tels dispositifs doivent être parfaitement étanches malgré la traversée de l'axe du bras, toute fuite de l'huile faussant totalement leur fonctionnement. Il est donc indispensable de les réaliser de manière très précise avec des tolérances très faibles, ce qui entraîne des coQts élevés.Such devices must be perfectly sealed despite the crossing of the axis of the arm, any leakage of oil totally distorting their operation. It is therefore essential to produce them very precisely with very low tolerances, which results in high costs.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier à cela en réalisant un ferme-porte qui ne nécessite plus l'utilisation de pièces précises, les problèmes posés par l'étanchéité étant pratiquement supprimés.The object of the present invention is to remedy this by providing a door closer which no longer requires the use of precise parts, the problems posed by sealing being practically eliminated.

Cette invention a en effet pour objet un ferme-porte dont le dispositif de fermeture comporte, à l'opposé du ressort, une vessie contenant une gomme visqueuse, déformable mais incompressible, placée dans un piston creux rappelé élastiquement dans une position de réglage.The object of this invention is in fact a door closer, the closing device of which comprises, opposite the spring, a bladder containing a viscous gum, deformable but incompressible, placed in a hollow piston resiliently returned to an adjustment position.

La seule étanchéité nécessaire est ainsi celle de la fermeture de la vessie. Les autres organes doivent seulement pouvoir se déplacer les uns par rapport aux autres avec un minimum de frottement. La fabrication peut donc être simplifiée et, cependant, un tel dispositif peut rester précis et efficace même après une utilisation prolongée.The only seal required is thus that of closing the bladder. The other organs must only be able to move relative to each other with a minimum of friction. Manufacturing can therefore be simplified and, however, such a device can remain precise and effective even after use. extended reading.

De préférence la gomme contenue dans la vessie est une gomme élastomère visco-élastique, à base de silicone. Une telle gomme, dont la viscosité est variable et qui réagit brusquement sous l'action d'un choc tel que celui du piston repoussé par le ressort, assure d'abord une absorption d'énergie importante puis, redevenue fluide et visqueuse, mais toujours incompressible, assure un freinage régulier du piston. La sécurité et l'efficacité du dispositif sont ainsi améliorées.Preferably the gum contained in the bladder is a visco-elastic elastomer gum, based on silicone. Such an eraser, the viscosity of which is variable and which reacts suddenly under the action of an impact such as that of the piston pushed back by the spring, first ensures a significant absorption of energy then, once again become fluid and viscous, but always incompressible, ensures regular braking of the piston. The safety and efficiency of the device are thus improved.

La description ci-dessous d'un mode de réalisation donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif et représenté aux dessins annexés, fera d'ailleurs ressortir les avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention.The description below of an embodiment given by way of nonlimiting example and represented in the appended drawings, will moreover highlight the advantages and characteristics of the invention.

Sur ces dessins :

  • - les fig. 1 et 2 représentent schématiquement un ferme-porte respectivement en position de fermeture et en position d'ouverture de la porte;
  • - la fig. 3 est une vue en coupe horizontale du dis-! positif de fermeture du ferme-porte de la figure 2;
  • - la fig. 4 est une vue, analogue à la figure 3, du dispositif de fermeture lorsque la porte est fermée;
  • - la fig. 5 est une vue en coupe verticale montrant la liaison entre le bras et le dispositif de fermeture.
In these drawings:
  • - figs. 1 and 2 schematically represent a door closer respectively in the closed position and in the open position of the door;
  • - fig. 3 is a view in horizontal section of the dis-! positive of closing the door closer of Figure 2;
  • - fig. 4 is a view, similar to FIG. 3, of the closing device when the door is closed;
  • - fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view showing the connection between the arm and the closure device.

Comme le montre la figure 1, le ferme-porte objet de l'invention comporte deux bras, respectivement 1 et 2, qui sont articulés entre eux en 3. Le premier bras, 1, a de préférence une longueur réglable et porte à son extrémité libre un axe 4 permettant son montage articulé, par exemple comme dans le mode de réalisation représenté, sur le dormant 5 de la porte. Le second bras 2 est, lui, fixé sur un dispositif 6 de fermeture de la porte porté, dans ce mode de réalisation, par le battant 7 de cette dernière.As shown in Figure 1, the door closer object of the invention has two arms, respectively 1 and 2, which are hinged together at 3. The first arm, 1, preferably has an adjustable length and carries at its end free an axis 4 allowing its articulated mounting, for example as in the embodiment shown, on the frame 5 of the door. The second arm 2 is itself fixed to a device 6 for closing the door carried, in this embodiment, by the leaf 7 of the latter.

Le bras 2 est solidaire à son extrémité d'un axe 8 qui le traverse mais traverse également, de part en part, un boîtier 10 du dispositif de fermeture 6. A l'intérieur de ce boîtier 10 l'axe 8 est solidaire d'un pignon denté 12, en prise avec une crémaillère 14 portée par un pignon cylindrique 16 coaxial au boîtier 10. La tige 18 de ce piston 16 est guidée dans un manchon cylindrique 20 solidaire de la paroi extrême 21 du boîtier 10. Par ailleurs un ressort 22 monté entre la paroi 21 et le cylindre 16 tend à écarter ce dernier et à le repousser en direction de l'extrémité opposée du boîtier 10.The arm 2 is secured at its end to an axis 8 which passes through it but also passes right through, a housing 10 of the closure device 6. Inside this housing 10 the axis 8 is integral with a toothed pinion 12, engaged with a rack 14 carried by a cylindrical pinion 16 coaxial with the housing 10. The rod 18 of this piston 16 is guided in a cylindrical sleeve 20 integral with the end wall 21 of the housing 10. Furthermore a spring 22 mounted between the wall 21 and the cylinder 16 tends to move apart the latter and push it towards the opposite end of the housing 10.

Le déplacement du piston 16 est en outre guidé par un fourreau relativement épais, 24, qui est fixé dans le boîtier 10 et comporte un évidement 25 permettant le passage de l'axe 8 et du pignon 12. A son extrémité opposée au ressort 22 le fourreau 24 comporte un décrochement 26 ménageant entre lui et le boîtier 10 un espace annulaire 28 dans lequel peut coulisser la paroi latérale d'un piston creux 30, de grand diamètre. Le piston 30 est guidé par la paroi interne du boîtier 10 et assureVégalement le centrage de l'extrémité du manchon central 32, lequel est emboîté d'autre part sur une saillie annulaire 34 portée par la paroi extrême 36 du boîtier 10.The displacement of the piston 16 is further guided by a relatively thick sheath, 24, which is fixed in the housing 10 and has a recess 25 allowing the passage of the axis 8 and the pinion 12. At its end opposite the spring 22 the sheath 24 has a recess 26 forming between it and the housing 10 an annular space 28 in which the side wall of a hollow piston 30, of large diameter, can slide. The piston 30 is guided by the internal wall of the housing 10 and also provides centering of the end of the central sleeve 32, which is also fitted onto an annular projection 34 carried by the end wall 36 of the housing 10.

Le manchon 32 comporte un épaulement extérieur 38 et un ressort 40, en appui contre cet épaulement, tend à repousser le piston 30 en direction du fourreau 24.The sleeve 32 has an external shoulder 38 and a spring 40, pressing against this shoulder, tends to push the piston 30 towards the sheath 24.

Le manchon 32 étant creux porte à son extrémité interne l'embout 42 de remplissage d'une vessie 44 placée à l'intérieur du piston 30 et remplie d'un fluide visqueux et incompressible 46.The sleeve 32 being hollow carries at its internal end the nozzle 42 for filling a bladder 44 placed inside the piston 30 and filled with a viscous and incompressible fluid 46.

En utilisation l'embout 42 est fermé par une vis étanche 43, tandis que la saillie annulaire 34 de la paroi 36 qui porte le manchon 32 est obturée par une vis de réglage 48, solidaire d'un bouton de commande 50. La vis de réglage 48 est en butée contre le manchon 32 et détermine ainsi la position de l'embout de remplissage 42, c'est-à-dire de la vessie 44 par rapport au fourreau 24.In use, the end piece 42 is closed by a tight screw 43, while the annular projection 34 of the wall 36 which carries the sleeve 32 is closed by an adjustment screw 48, integral with a control button 50. The screw adjustment 48 is in abutment against the sleeve 32 and Thus determines the position of the filling nozzle 42, that is to say of the bladder 44 relative to the sheath 24.

Le fluide visqueux 46 contenu dans la vessie 44 est de préférence une gomme élastomère visco-élastique, et notamment une gomme silicone non réticulée, présentant une constance de viscosité dans une large gamme de température et une forte capacité d'absorption d'énergie. Bien entendu cette gomme peut être additionnée de différents composants, de façon à faire varier sa viscosité selon le type de ferme-porte à réaliser. Il est par exemple possible d'ajouter à la gomme de la glycérine industrielle, de l'acide oléique blanc ou tout autre produit.The viscous fluid 46 contained in the bladder 44 is preferably a visco-elastic elastomer gum, and in particular a non-crosslinked silicone gum, having a consistency of viscosity in a wide temperature range and a high energy absorption capacity. Of course this gum can be added with different components, so as to vary its viscosity according to the type of door closer to be produced. It is for example possible to add to the gum industrial glycerin, white oleic acid or any other product.

La vessie 44 est réalisée en un matériau étanche, résistant à des déformations répétées à diverses températures, tel qu'un élastomère fluoro-carboné ou autre.The bladder 44 is made of a waterproof material, resistant to repeated deformation at various temperatures, such as a fluorocarbon or other elastomer.

Lorsque la porte est fermée, c'est-à-dire dans la position représentée sur les figures 1 et 4, le bras 2 est sensiblement perpendiculaire au battant 7 de la porte, tandis que le bras 1 est légèrement incliné par rapport au dormant 5. Par ailleurs le piston 16 se trouve dans sa position la plus éloignée de la paroi 21, c'est-à-dire en contact avec la vessie 44, comme le montre la figure 4.When the door is closed, that is to say in the position shown in Figures 1 and 4, the arm 2 is substantially perpendicular to the leaf 7 of the door, while the arm 1 is slightly inclined relative to the frame 5 Furthermore, the piston 16 is in its position furthest from the wall 21, that is to say in contact with the bladder 44, as shown in FIG. 4.

Lorsque la porte 7 pivote jusqu'à sa position d'ouverture représentée sur la figure 2, les deux bras 1 et 2 pivotent l'un par rapport à l'autre et s'écartent, et l'axe 8 de fixation du bras 2 sur le boîtier 6 tourne sur lui-même dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre en regardant les figures 3 et 4. Par suite, le pignon 12 entraîne la crémaillère 14 et provoque le déplacement du piston 16 en direction de la paroi extrême 21 du boîtier 10 contre l'action du ressort 22. La vessie 44, qui est libérée du contact du piston 16, mais reste soumise à l'action du ressort 40 qui tend à la rapprocher du fourreau 24, prend alors la forme représentée sur la figure 3, c'est-à-dire forme une saillie centrale et épouse la forme sensiblement conique de l'extrémité du fourreau 24.When the door 7 pivots to its open position shown in FIG. 2, the two arms 1 and 2 pivot relative to one another and move apart, and the axis 8 for fixing the arm 2 on the housing 6 turns on itself anticlockwise while looking at Figures 3 and 4. As a result, the pinion 12 drives the rack 14 and causes the piston 16 to move in the direction of the end wall 21 of the housing 10 against the action of the spring 22. The bladder 44, which is released from the contact of the piston 16, but remains subjected to the action of the spring 40 which tends to move closer to the sheath 24, then takes the form shown in FIG. 3, that is to say forms a central projection and follows the substantially conical shape of the end of the sheath 24.

Dès que l'effort d'ouverture sur la porte est interrompu, le ressort 22 repousse le piston 16 en direction de la vessie 44, de sorte que la crémaillère 14 provoque une rotation en sens inverse de l'axe 8 d'articulation du bras 2. Le piston 16 vient alors buter brutalement contre la saillie centrale de la vessie 44, dont il refoule le contenu en direction de l'embout 42. Puis le fluide visqueux 44 étant incompressible, la poursuite du déplacement du piston 16 repousse simultanément la vessie 44 et le piston 30 contre l'action du ressort 40, en direction de la paroi extrême opposée 36.As soon as the opening force on the door is interrupted, the spring 22 pushes the piston 16 in the direction of the bladder 44, so that the rack 14 causes a rotation in opposite direction of the axis 8 of articulation of the arm 2. The piston 16 then abuts abruptly against the central projection of the bladder 44, the contents of which it forces back towards the end piece 42. Then the viscous fluid 44 is incompressible, the continued movement of the piston 16 simultaneously repels the bladder 44 and the piston 30 against the action of the spring 40, in the direction of the opposite end wall 36.

Le fluide 44 étant visqueux et le piston 30 ayant un diamètre nettement supérieur à celui du piston 16, ce dernier est progressivement freiné puis prêt à s'arrêter.The fluid 44 is viscous and the piston 30 having a diameter significantly greater than that of the piston 16, the latter is gradually braked and then ready to stop.

Lorsque, comme dans le mode de réalisation préféré, la gomme visqueuse 46 est une gomme silicone visco-élastique susceptible de se durcir brutalement sous l'effet d'un choc, l'ensemble formé par la vessie 44 et la gomme visqueuse 46 absorbe une quantité très importante de l'énergie du piston 16 et l'arrête pratiquement pendant un instant extrêmement court, de l'ordre de quelques dixièmes de seconde. La gomme visco-élastique 46 redevient toutefois rapidement visqueuse et fluide, de sorte que la poursuite du déplacement du piston 16 sous l'action du pignon 12 est possible, bien que considérablement freinée par la nécessité de déplacer l'ensemble de la gomme ainsi que le piston 30 contre l'action du ressort 40.When, as in the preferred embodiment, the viscous gum 46 is a visco-elastic silicone gum capable of hardening suddenly under the effect of an impact, the assembly formed by the bladder 44 and the viscous gum 46 absorbs a very large amount of energy from the piston 16 and stops it practically for an extremely short instant, of the order of a few tenths of a second. The visco-elastic rubber 46 however quickly becomes viscous and fluid again, so that further movement of the piston 16 under the action of the pinion 12 is possible, although considerably hampered by the need to move the entire rubber as well as the piston 30 against the action of the spring 40.

Au cours de ce déplacement du piston 16 et du pignon 12 le bras 2 s'est, d'une part rapproché du bras 1, l'articulation 3 se fermant progressivement, et d'autre part a pivoté avec ce bras autour de l'axe 4 d'articulation du bras 1, de la position représentée en trait plein sur la figure 2 jusqu'à la position extrême indiquée en trait interrompu. Dans cette dernière position, c'est-à-dire lorsque la porte se trouve à proximité de l'huisserie, le piston 16 du dispositif de fermeture est pratiquement dans sa position extrême et est prêt à s'arrêter. A ce moment les deux bras sont repliés dans une position telle que les efforts qui s'exercent sur leur articulation tendent à repousser le bras 2 vers sa position perpendiculaire au dormant 5 de la porte. Il se produit alors une détente de cette articulation qui achève la fermeture de la porte et permet éventuellement au pêne demi-tour de la serrure de s'engager dans la gâche.During this displacement of the piston 16 and the pi gnon 12 the arm 2 has, on the one hand moved closer to the arm 1, the articulation 3 closing progressively, and on the other hand has pivoted with this arm around the axis 4 of articulation of the arm 1, the position shown in solid lines in Figure 2 to the extreme position shown in broken lines. In this latter position, that is to say when the door is close to the frame, the piston 16 of the closing device is practically in its extreme position and is ready to stop. At this time the two arms are folded back in a position such that the forces exerted on their articulation tend to push the arm 2 towards its position perpendicular to the frame 5 of the door. There is then a relaxation of this articulation which completes the closing of the door and possibly allows the latch bolt of the lock to engage in the strike.

Le dispositif de fermeture est alors dans sa position de repos, c'est-à-dire que la vessie 44 a repris sa position initiale. Le dispositif est prêt à être utilisé une nouvelle fois.The closing device is then in its rest position, that is to say that the bladder 44 has returned to its initial position. The device is ready to be used again.

Dans un tel dispositif le seul fluide utilisé est la gomme contenue dans la vessie 44. Le seul dispositif d'étanchéité nécessaire est donc celui qui est placé entre l'embout de remplissage 42 et la vis 43 de fermeture de cet embout. Les autres organes ont simplement besoin de se déplacer facilement les uns par rapport aux autres et peuvent aisément être fabriqués avec des tolérances relativement larges. En conséquence le boîtier 10, de même que les organes qu'il contient, peuvent être réalisés en matière plastique ayant un bon coefficient de frottement. Par exemple le boîtier 10 est réalisé en polyamide ou polyester, tandis que le piston 30 qui coulisse dans ce boîtier est réalisé en un polyacétal . Bien entendu ces organes peuvent être également fabriqués en métal, par exemple en alliage d'aluminium ou de zinc (Zanak) , aucune reprise d'usinage n'étant nécessaire.In such a device, the only fluid used is the rubber contained in the bladder 44. The only sealing device required is therefore that which is placed between the filling nozzle 42 and the screw 43 for closing this nozzle. The other members simply need to move easily relative to each other and can easily be manufactured with relatively large tolerances. Consequently, the housing 10, as well as the members it contains, can be made of plastic material having a good coefficient of friction. For example, the housing 10 is made of polyamide or polyester, while the piston 30 which slides in this housing is made of a polyacetal. Of course these organs can also be manufactured in metal, for example aluminum or zinc alloy (Zanak), no further machining being necessary.

Le boîtier 10 est de préférence constitué par une seule pièce et est simplement ouvert à son extrémité. La paroi 36 qui supporte la vis de réglage 48 est alors constituée par un chapeau amovible fixé sur la paroi du boîtier 10, par exemple par un système à baïonnette. Le dispositif peut ainsi, à tout moment, être démonté pour être contrôlé et entretenu. Il est en outre possible à tout moment de modifier son réglage et d'avoir accès à l'intérieur de la vessie 44, soit en vue d'un remplissage, soit en vue d'une modification du produit visqueux contenu dans cette vessie, et ainsi de régler l'intensité du freinage qui est liée à la viscosité de la gomme, et/ou d'assurer un rattrapage des jeux et de l'usure.The housing 10 is preferably constituted by a single piece and is simply open at its end. The wall 36 which supports the adjustment screw 48 is then constituted by a removable cap fixed to the wall of the housing 10, for example by a bayonet system. The device can thus be dismantled at any time to be checked and maintained. It is also possible at any time to modify its setting and to have access to the interior of the bladder 44, either for the purpose of filling, or for the purpose of modifying the viscous product contained in this bladder, and thus adjusting the braking intensity which is linked to the viscosity of the rubber, and / or ensuring a take-up of the clearances and wear.

On dispose ainsi d'un dispositif de réalisation peu coûteuse, dont le fonctionnement est sûr et fiable, et qui est particulièrement résistant à l'usure et à la fatigue.This provides an inexpensive production device, the operation of which is safe and reliable, and which is particularly resistant to wear and fatigue.

Claims (10)

1 - Ferme-porte comprenant des bras articulés et un dispositif de fermeture monté à l'une des extrémités de l'un des bras et comportant, à l'intérieur d'un boîtier fermé, un piston entraîné contre l'action d'un ressort par le déplacement du bras vers la position d'ouverture, et des moyens de freinage du déplacement en retour du piston sous l'action du ressort, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de fermeture comporte, à l'opposé du ressort (22), une vessie (44) contenant une gomme visqueuse (46) déformable mais incompressible, et placée dans un piston creux (30) rappelé élastiquement dans une position de réglage.1 - Door closer comprising articulated arms and a closing device mounted at one end of one of the arms and comprising, inside a closed housing, a piston driven against the action of a spring by movement of the arm towards the open position, and means for braking the return movement of the piston under the action of the spring, characterized in that the closing device comprises, opposite the spring (22) , a bladder (44) containing a viscous gum (46) deformable but incompressible, and placed in a hollow piston (30) resiliently biased in an adjustment position. 2 - Ferme-porte suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le piston principal (16) coulisse dans un fourreau cylindrique (24) fixé dans le boîtier, tandis que le piston creux (30), de plus grand diamètre, glisse dans le boîtier (10) lui-même, son déplacement étant fonction de la différence des diamètres entre les deux pistons.2 - Door closer according to claim 1, characterized in that the main piston (16) slides in a cylindrical sleeve (24) fixed in the housing, while the hollow piston (30), of larger diameter, slides in the housing (10) itself, its displacement being a function of the difference in diameters between the two pistons. 3 - Ferme-porte suivant l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la vessie (44) qui contient la gomme visqueuse (46) comporte un embout de remplissage (42) qui traverse librement le fond du piston creux (30).3 - Door closer according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the bladder (44) which contains the viscous gum (46) has a filling nozzle (42) which freely crosses the bottom of the hollow piston (30 ). 4 - Ferme-porte suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un manchon (32) fixé sur l'embout de remplissage de la vessie et traversant le fond du piston creux (30) qui est muni d'un épaulement (38) d'appui d'un ressort (40) de rappel de ce piston (30) .4 - Door closer according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises a sleeve (32) fixed on the filling nozzle of the bladder and passing through the bottom of the hollow piston (30) which is provided with a shoulder ( 38) for supporting a spring (40) for returning this piston (30). 5 - Ferme-porte suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une vis (48) de réglage de la position de la vessie (44) vissée dans la paroi extrême du boîtier (10).5 - Door closer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a screw (48) for adjusting the position of the bladder (44) screwed in the end wall of the housing (10). 6 - Ferme-porte suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la gomme visqueuse (46) est une gomme silicone non réticulée, visco-élastique ayant une grande capacité d'absorption d'énergie et une viscosité constante dans une grande gamme de température.6 - Door closer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the viscous gum (46) is a non-crosslinked silicone gum, visco-elastic having a large energy absorption capacity and a constant viscosity in a large temperature range. 7­ Ferme-porte suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la vessie est réalisée en un matériau élastomère fluoro-carboné.7 door closer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bladder is made of a fluoro-carbon elastomeric material. 8 - Ferme-porte suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le fourreau (24) de guidage du piston principal (16) comporte un décrochement périphérique qui délimite avec le boîtier (10) un espace annulaire (28) dans lequel coulisse la paroi latérale du piston creux (30).8 - Door closer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sleeve (24) for guiding the main piston (16) has a peripheral recess which defines with the housing (10) an annular space (28) in which slides the side wall of the hollow piston (30). 9 - Ferme-porte suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le fourreau (24) de guidage du piston principal (16) comporte, en regard de la vessie (44), une extrémité évasée vers l'extérieur et sensiblement tronconique.9 - Door closer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sleeve (24) for guiding the main piston (16) comprises, opposite the bladder (44), one end flared outwards and substantially frustoconical. 10 - Ferme-porte suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité du boîtier voisine du piston creux (30) est formée par un chapeau amovible (36).10 - Door closer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the end of the housing adjacent to the hollow piston (30) is formed by a removable cap (36).
EP82401076A 1981-06-23 1982-06-14 Automatic door closer incorporating braking means Withdrawn EP0068963A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8112274A FR2508089A1 (en) 1981-06-23 1981-06-23 AUTOMATIC DOOR CLOSER WITH BUILT-IN BRAKING MEANS
FR8112274 1981-06-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0068963A1 true EP0068963A1 (en) 1983-01-05

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ID=9259769

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82401076A Withdrawn EP0068963A1 (en) 1981-06-23 1982-06-14 Automatic door closer incorporating braking means

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US (1) US4455708A (en)
EP (1) EP0068963A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2508089A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995020090A1 (en) * 1994-01-19 1995-07-27 Gretsch-Unitas Gmbh Door closer
DE4002889C5 (en) * 1990-02-01 2005-11-10 Geze Gmbh door closers
US8225458B1 (en) 2001-07-13 2012-07-24 Hoffberg Steven M Intelligent door restraint

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4847946A (en) * 1988-03-24 1989-07-18 Sam Kyong Hardware Co., Ltd. Hydraulic door closer
GB9418662D0 (en) * 1994-09-16 1994-11-02 Xcalibre Equipment Ltd Pneumatic system and device
US6330902B1 (en) * 2000-07-31 2001-12-18 Chang Than Chen Length adjustable foldable door assembly
JP4697704B2 (en) * 2005-02-02 2011-06-08 日本発條株式会社 Slide lock device
AT510375B1 (en) * 2010-08-27 2018-06-15 Blum Gmbh Julius FURNITURE SHOCKS

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US2688150A (en) * 1946-05-27 1954-09-07 Roussel Georges Henri Variable volume chamber
FR1440242A (en) * 1964-05-25 1966-05-27 Close door

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NL224412A (en) * 1957-02-06
US3259937A (en) * 1963-09-30 1966-07-12 Kotikov Nicholas Hydraulic door closer
US4115897A (en) * 1977-10-11 1978-09-26 Eaton Corporation Zero force hold open door closer
DE2924311A1 (en) * 1979-06-15 1980-12-18 Dorma Baubeschlag SELF-ACTING DOOR CLOSER

Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2688150A (en) * 1946-05-27 1954-09-07 Roussel Georges Henri Variable volume chamber
FR1440242A (en) * 1964-05-25 1966-05-27 Close door

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4002889C5 (en) * 1990-02-01 2005-11-10 Geze Gmbh door closers
WO1995020090A1 (en) * 1994-01-19 1995-07-27 Gretsch-Unitas Gmbh Door closer
US8225458B1 (en) 2001-07-13 2012-07-24 Hoffberg Steven M Intelligent door restraint
US9121217B1 (en) 2001-07-13 2015-09-01 Steven M. Hoffberg Intelligent door restraint
US9995076B1 (en) 2001-07-13 2018-06-12 Steven M. Hoffberg Intelligent door restraint

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2508089A1 (en) 1982-12-24
FR2508089B1 (en) 1983-11-18
US4455708A (en) 1984-06-26

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