EP0068280B1 - Magnetically operated electrical contact arrangement - Google Patents

Magnetically operated electrical contact arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0068280B1
EP0068280B1 EP82105222A EP82105222A EP0068280B1 EP 0068280 B1 EP0068280 B1 EP 0068280B1 EP 82105222 A EP82105222 A EP 82105222A EP 82105222 A EP82105222 A EP 82105222A EP 0068280 B1 EP0068280 B1 EP 0068280B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
contact arrangement
strips
legs
contact springs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82105222A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0068280A2 (en
EP0068280A3 (en
Inventor
Richard Dr. Boll
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT82105222T priority Critical patent/ATE33731T1/en
Publication of EP0068280A2 publication Critical patent/EP0068280A2/en
Publication of EP0068280A3 publication Critical patent/EP0068280A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0068280B1 publication Critical patent/EP0068280B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H36/00—Switches actuated by change of magnetic field or of electric field, e.g. by change of relative position of magnet and switch, by shielding
    • H01H36/0006—Permanent magnet actuating reed switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/60—Contact arrangements moving contact being rigidly combined with movable part of magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/28—Relays having both armature and contacts within a sealed casing outside which the operating coil is located, e.g. contact carried by a magnetic leaf spring or reed
    • H01H51/284—Polarised relays

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetically actuated electrical contact arrangement with a largely closed magnetic circuit.
  • This contact arrangement preferably uses a band of a largely amorphous alloy, which can be obtained from a melt by rapid cooling if, for example, in addition to the magnetic material such as iron, cobalt and / or nickel, a metalloid, such as e.g. Boron or silicon is contained in the alloy in an amount of 15 to 25 atomic%.
  • a metalloid such as e.g. Boron or silicon is contained in the alloy in an amount of 15 to 25 atomic%.
  • Such material is electrically conductive, has good soft magnetic properties and is mechanically hard and thus elastically deformable, so that it also has good spring properties.
  • the object of the invention is to simplify such a known arrangement and to make it considerably more sensitive with regard to the response field strengths. According to the invention, this results from the features described in claim 1 and the subclaims.
  • FIG. 1 shows the contact arrangement according to the invention, which is designed here as a relay.
  • two U-shaped strips 1 and 2 are inserted into one another and surrounded by a coil 3.
  • the leg 4 of a band 1 is fastened to the lower side of an insulating piece forming a spacer 6, while the leg 5 of a band 2 is firmly connected to the upper side of the spacer 6.
  • the remaining legs 7 and 8 of the bands 1 and 2 are provided with supports 9 and 10 made of an electrically highly conductive and erosion-resistant material, as is customary, for example, with relay contacts.
  • the coil 3 When the coil 3 is not energized, there is a gap between the legs 7 and 8 of the strips 1 and 2.
  • the two inner legs 4 and 8 are attached to the two sides of an insulating piece forming the spacer 6; the upper leg 5 of the band 2 is fixed relative to the leg 4 of the band 1, for example by attachment to the wall of a housing 15.
  • the housing 15 has between the legs 4 and 5 an incision 16 into which a disk-shaped permanent magnet 17 can be inserted. This replaces the winding of the coil 3 in Figure 1, so that the arrangement can serve as a limit switch. It is also possible to pull a tape with individual magnetized sections through it and to achieve this by the contact arrangement being actuated periodically.
  • magnetization has the effect that an attractive force occurs between the legs 7 and 8; however, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, only the leg 7 will move upwards until the contact is made.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the contact arrangement according to the invention can be used as a current sensor in an electrical cable.
  • the tapes 1 and 2 are placed in a housing 18 with an inner opening 19 around them.
  • An electrical conductor 20 or an electrical cable can be inserted through the inner opening 19, the current of which causes a magnetic field in the bands 1 and 2 and the switching of the contact arrangement in the manner described.
  • FIG. 4 shows an arrangement in which the contact arrangement according to the invention acts as a direct current relay with a normally closed contact.
  • the insulating spacer 6 consists of an insulating piece with a permanent magnet 21 attached to it.
  • the legs 4 and 6 are therefore separated from one another by an insulating layer and a permanent magnet.
  • the supports 9 and 10 of the legs 7 and 8 touch one another.
  • the flux in the magnetic circuit formed from the bands 1 and 2 is amplified or weakened depending on the direction of the current. Since the strips 1 and 2 are mechanically prestressed in the position shown in FIG. 4, the legs 7 and 8 will move apart from one another when the magnetic flux is weakened, and so the existing contact between the supports will be reached when a certain direct current is reached in the turns of the coil 3 Open 9 and 10.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)

Abstract

1. An electric contact arrangement, to be operated magnetically, with two magnetically, electrically conductive contact springs forming a substantially closed magnetic circuit, each of which contact springs is fixed by one leg (4, 5) to an opposite side of an insulating spacer (6), and each connected to an electric terminal conductor (13, 14), and is opened or closed with elastic deformation depending on a magnetic field passing through them, characterised in that the contact springs consist of two U-shaped bent strips (1, 2) with their free ends inserted one in the other, and in that two legs (7, 8) belonging to different ones of the U-shaped bent contact springs, at least one of which is not fixed to the insulating spacer (6), lie alongside each other at a distance such that they touch or move apart with elastic deformation of at least one strip (1, 2), depending on the magnetisation of the magnetic circuit formed by the contact springs.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine magnetisch zu betätigende elektrische Kontaktanordnung mit einem weitgehend geschlossenen magnetischen Kreis.The invention relates to a magnetically actuated electrical contact arrangement with a largely closed magnetic circuit.

Vorzugsweise wird bei dieser Kontaktanordnung Band aus einer weitgehend amorphen Legierung verwendet, die durch schnelles Abkühlen aus einer Schmelze erhalten werden kann, wenn beispielsweise ausser dem magnetischen Material, wie Eisen, Kobalt und/oder Nickel ein Metalloid, wie z.B. Bor oder Silizium in einer Menge von 15 bis 25 Atom-% in der Legierung enthalten ist. Derartiges Material ist elektrisch leitfähig, besitzt gute weichmagnetische Eigenschaften und ist mechanisch hart und damit elastisch verformbar, so dass es ausserdem gute Federeigenschaften besitzt.This contact arrangement preferably uses a band of a largely amorphous alloy, which can be obtained from a melt by rapid cooling if, for example, in addition to the magnetic material such as iron, cobalt and / or nickel, a metalloid, such as e.g. Boron or silicon is contained in the alloy in an amount of 15 to 25 atomic%. Such material is electrically conductive, has good soft magnetic properties and is mechanically hard and thus elastically deformable, so that it also has good spring properties.

Aus der US-A-3 278 871 ist eine magnetisch betätigbare Schaltanordnung bekannt, bei der elektrisch und magnetisch leitende, halbkreisförmig gebogene Kontaktfedern vorgesehen sind, deren freie Schenkel von je einer Spule umgeben sind und deren andere Schenkel an einem isolierenden Abstandhalter befestigt sind. Je nach Magnetisierungsrichtung der Spulen entstehen an den freien Enden der Kontaktfedern gleiche oder verschiedene magnetische Polaritäten, so dass diese sich abstossen oder anziehen.From US-A-3 278 871 a magnetically actuable switching arrangement is known, in which electrically and magnetically conductive, semicircular curved contact springs are provided, the free legs of which are surrounded by a coil and the other legs are fastened to an insulating spacer. Depending on the direction of magnetization of the coils, the same or different magnetic polarities arise at the free ends of the contact springs, so that they repel or attract each other.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine derartige bekannte Anordnung zu vereinfachen und hinsichtlich der Ansprechfeldstärken wesentlich empfindlicher zu machen. Dies ergibt sich erfindungsgemäss durch die im Anspruch 1 und den Unteransprüchen beschriebenen Merkmale.The object of the invention is to simplify such a known arrangement and to make it considerably more sensitive with regard to the response field strengths. According to the invention, this results from the features described in claim 1 and the subclaims.

Figur 1 zeigt die erfindungsgemässe Kontaktanordnung, die hier als Relais ausgebildet ist. Dazu sind zwei U-förmig gebogene Bänder 1 und 2 ineinander gesteckt und von einer Spule 3 umgeben. Dabei ist der Schenkel 4 eines Bandes 1 an der unteren Seite eines einen Abstandhalter 6 bildenden Isolierstückes befestigt, während der Schenkel 5 eines Bandes 2 mit der oberen Seite des Abstandhalters 6 fest verbunden ist. Die übrigen Schenkel 7 und 8 der Bänder 1 und 2 sind mit Auflagen 9 und 10 aus einem elektrisch gut leitenden und abbrandfesten Material versehen, wie es beispielsweise bei Relaiskontakten üblich ist. Zwischen den Schenkeln 7 und 8 der Bänder 1 und 2 befindet sich bei nicht erregter Spule 3 ein Zwischenraum.Figure 1 shows the contact arrangement according to the invention, which is designed here as a relay. For this purpose, two U-shaped strips 1 and 2 are inserted into one another and surrounded by a coil 3. The leg 4 of a band 1 is fastened to the lower side of an insulating piece forming a spacer 6, while the leg 5 of a band 2 is firmly connected to the upper side of the spacer 6. The remaining legs 7 and 8 of the bands 1 and 2 are provided with supports 9 and 10 made of an electrically highly conductive and erosion-resistant material, as is customary, for example, with relay contacts. When the coil 3 is not energized, there is a gap between the legs 7 and 8 of the strips 1 and 2.

Wird nun die Spule 3 durch Anlage eines Gleich-oder Wechselstromfeldes erregt, so entsteht in den Bändern 1 und 2 ein magnetischer Fluss und die Schenkel 7 und 8 ziehen sich an, bis sich die Auflagen 9 und 10 berühren und die Bänder 1 und 2 elektrisch miteinander verbinden. Die Bänder 1 und 2 sind über Anschlusspunkte 11 und 12 mit elektrischen Leitern 13 und 14 verbunden, die die Zuleitungen zu der elektrischen Kontaktanordnung darstellen.If the coil 3 is now excited by the application of a direct or alternating current field, a magnetic flux arises in the bands 1 and 2 and the legs 7 and 8 attract each other until the supports 9 and 10 touch and the bands 1 and 2 electrically connect with each other. The tapes 1 and 2 are connected via connection points 11 and 12 to electrical conductors 13 and 14, which represent the feed lines to the electrical contact arrangement.

In Figur 2 sind wiederum die Bänder 1 und 2 mit ihren offenen Seiten ineinandergesteckt und mit Anschlusspunkten 11 und 12 zum Anschluss elektrischer Leiter 13 und 14 versehen. Im GegensatzIn Figure 2, the tapes 1 and 2 are again inserted with their open sides and provided with connection points 11 and 12 for connecting electrical conductors 13 and 14. In contrast

zu Figur 1 sind die beiden inneren Schenkel 4 und 8 an den beiden Seiten eines den Abstandhalter 6 bildenden Isolierstückes befestigt; der obere Schenkel 5 des Bandes 2 ist - beispielsweise durch Befestigung an der Wand eines Gehäuses 15 - gegenüber dem Schenkel 4 des Bandes 1 fixiert. Das Gehäuse 15 besitzt zwischen den Schenkeln 4 und 5 einen Einschnitt 16, in den ein scheibenförmiger Dauermagnet 17 eingeschoben werden kann. Dieser ersetzt die Wicklung der Spule 3 in Figur 1, so dass die Anordnung als Endschalter dienen kann. Es ist weiterhin auch möglich, ein Band mit einzelnen aufmagnetisierten Abschnitten hindurchzuziehen und dadurch zu erreichen, dass die Kontaktanordnung periodisch betätigt wird. Wie im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 1 bewirkt eine Magnetisierung, dass zwischen den Schenkeln 7 und 8 eine Anziehungskraft auftritt; allerdings wird sich beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 2 lediglich der Schenkel 7 nach oben bewegen, bis der Kontakt hergestellt ist.for Figure 1, the two inner legs 4 and 8 are attached to the two sides of an insulating piece forming the spacer 6; the upper leg 5 of the band 2 is fixed relative to the leg 4 of the band 1, for example by attachment to the wall of a housing 15. The housing 15 has between the legs 4 and 5 an incision 16 into which a disk-shaped permanent magnet 17 can be inserted. This replaces the winding of the coil 3 in Figure 1, so that the arrangement can serve as a limit switch. It is also possible to pull a tape with individual magnetized sections through it and to achieve this by the contact arrangement being actuated periodically. As in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, magnetization has the effect that an attractive force occurs between the legs 7 and 8; however, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, only the leg 7 will move upwards until the contact is made.

Figur 3 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem die erfindungsgemässe Kontaktanordnung als Stromsensor in einem elektrischen Kabel verwendet werden kann. Hierzu sind die Bänder 1 und 2 in einem Gehäuse 18 mit einer inneren Öffnung 19 um diese herumgelegt. Durch die innere Öffnung 19 kann ein elektrischer Leiter 20 bzw. ein elektrisches Kabel gesteckt werden, dessen Strom ein Magnetfeld in den Bändern 1 und 2 und die Schaltung der Kontaktanordnung in der beschriebenen Weise bewirkt.FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the contact arrangement according to the invention can be used as a current sensor in an electrical cable. For this purpose, the tapes 1 and 2 are placed in a housing 18 with an inner opening 19 around them. An electrical conductor 20 or an electrical cable can be inserted through the inner opening 19, the current of which causes a magnetic field in the bands 1 and 2 and the switching of the contact arrangement in the manner described.

Figur 4 zeigt eine Anordnung, bei der die erfindungsgemässe Kontaktanordnung als Gleichstromrelais mit Ruhekontakt wirkt. Im Unterschied zu Figur 1 besteht der isolierende Abstandhalter 6 aus einem Isolierstück mit einem daran befestigten Dauermagneten 21. Die Schenkel 4 und 6 sind also durch eine isolierende Schicht und einen Dauermagneten voneinander getrennt. Dies hat zur Folge, dass bei stromloser Spule 3 die Auflagen 9 und 10 der Schenkel 7 und 8 einander berühren. Lässt man nun einen Strom durch die Spule 3 fliessen, so wird abhängig von der Stromrichtung der Fluss in dem aus den Bändern 1 und 2 gebildeten magnetischen Kreis verstärkt oder abgeschwächt. Da die Bänder 1 und 2 in der in Figur 4 gezeigten Lage mechanisch vorgespannt sind, werden sich bei Abschwächung des magnetischen Flusses die Schenkel 7 und 8 voneinander entfernen und so bei Erreichen eines bestimmten Gleichstromes in den Windungen der Spule 3 den bestehenden Kontakt zwischen den Auflagen 9 und 10 öffnen.FIG. 4 shows an arrangement in which the contact arrangement according to the invention acts as a direct current relay with a normally closed contact. In contrast to FIG. 1, the insulating spacer 6 consists of an insulating piece with a permanent magnet 21 attached to it. The legs 4 and 6 are therefore separated from one another by an insulating layer and a permanent magnet. As a result, when the coil 3 is de-energized, the supports 9 and 10 of the legs 7 and 8 touch one another. If a current is now allowed to flow through the coil 3, the flux in the magnetic circuit formed from the bands 1 and 2 is amplified or weakened depending on the direction of the current. Since the strips 1 and 2 are mechanically prestressed in the position shown in FIG. 4, the legs 7 and 8 will move apart from one another when the magnetic flux is weakened, and so the existing contact between the supports will be reached when a certain direct current is reached in the turns of the coil 3 Open 9 and 10.

Bei weiter ansteigendem Gleichstrom in der Spule 3 wird dann die Richtung des Magnetflusses im magnetischen Kreis wieder hergestellt. Diese Anordnung lässt sich also verwenden, um anzuzeigen, ob der Strom in der Spule 3 oder in einem durchgesteckten elektrischen Leiter entsprechend Figur 3 einen bestimmten Bereich einhält oder nicht.If the direct current in coil 3 continues to rise, the direction of the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit is then restored. This arrangement can therefore be used to indicate whether the current in the coil 3 or in a plugged-in electrical conductor according to FIG. 3 complies with a certain range or not.

Wenn man zwei Anordnungen, wie sie in Figur 4 dargestellt sind, nebeneinander anordnet, wobei die Magnetisierungsrichtung des Dauermagneten 21 verschieden gewählt ist, und wenn man beide Anordnungen mit einer gemeinsamen Spule versieht, so gewinnt man eine Kontaktanordnung mit zwei Kontakten, die bei niedrigem Strom beide geschlossen sind und von denen sich jeweils einer abhängig von der Stromrichtung bei ansteigendem Strom öffnet. Das Gleiche lässt sich auch dann erreichen, wenn man bei gleicher Magnetisierungsrichtung der beiden Dauermagnete 21 den Strom in unterschiedlicher Richtung durch das Innere des aus den Bändern 1 und 2 gebildeten magnetischen Kreises fliessen lässt.If one arranges two arrangements, as shown in Figure 4, side by side, whereby the direction of magnetization of the permanent magnet 21 is selected differently, and if one provides both arrangements with a common coil, one obtains a contact arrangement with two contacts, both of which are closed at low current and one of which opens depending on the direction of the current with increasing current . The same can also be achieved if, with the same magnetization direction of the two permanent magnets 21, the current is allowed to flow in different directions through the interior of the magnetic circuit formed from the strips 1 and 2.

Claims (6)

1. An electric contact arrangement, to be operated magnetically, with two magnetically, electrically conductive contact springs forming a substantially closed magnetic circuit, each of which contact springs is fixed by one leg (4, 5) to an opposite side of an insulating spacer (6), and each connected to an electric terminal conductor (13, 14), and is opened or closed with elastic deformation depending on a magnetic field passing through them, characterised in that the contact springs consist of two U-shaped bent strips (1, 2) with their free ends inserted one in the other, and in that two legs (7, 8) belonging to different ones of the U-shaped bent contact springs, at least one of which is not fixed to the insulating spacer (6), lie alongside each other at a distance such that they touch or move apart with elastic deformation of at least one strip (1, 2), depending on the magnetisation of the magnetic circuit formed by the contact springs.
2. A contact arrangement according to Claim 1, characterised in that the U-shaped bent strips (1, 2) fixed to the spacer (6) are arranged inside an electric coil (3).
3. A contact arrangement according to Claim 1, characterised in that the U-shaped bent strips (1, 2) are arranged in a housing (18) with an opening (19) surrounded by the strips, and in that an electric conductor (20) is passed through the opening (19) of the housing.
4. A contact arrangement according to Claim 1, characterised in that the inner legs (4, 8) of the U-shaped strips (1, 2), inserted one in the other, are fixed to the spacer (6), in that between one of these inner legs (4) and the neighbouring outer leg (5) of the U-shaped strips (1, 2) inserted one in the other there is an identation (16) provided in a housing (15) of the contact arrangement, into which identation a permanent magnet (17) can be pushed, so that the device formed by the permanent magnet and the contact arrangement can be used as a limit switch.
5. A contact arrangement according to Claim 1, characterised in that the insulating spacer (6) consists of an insulator with a permanent magnet (21) fixed to it, and in that an electric coil (3) is wound around the legs (7, 8) of the strips (1, 2) inserted one in the other for making contact, the arrangements being such that the legs (7, 8) provided for making contact touch under pre-tension in the case of a currentless coil (3) owing to the induction generated by a permanent magnet (21), but move apart depending on the level of the coil energisation.
6. A contact arrangement according to Claim 5, characterised in that at least two contact arrangements, each provided with a permanent magnet (21) are provided with one and the same coil (3), and in that the directions of magnetisation of the two permanent magnets are mutually opposed.
EP82105222A 1981-06-27 1982-06-15 Magnetically operated electrical contact arrangement Expired EP0068280B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82105222T ATE33731T1 (en) 1981-06-27 1982-06-15 MAGNETICALLY ACTUATED ELECTRICAL CONTACT ARRANGEMENT.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3125346A DE3125346A1 (en) 1981-06-27 1981-06-27 MAGNETICALLY OPERATING ELECTRICAL CONTACT ARRANGEMENT
DE3125346 1981-06-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0068280A2 EP0068280A2 (en) 1983-01-05
EP0068280A3 EP0068280A3 (en) 1985-05-02
EP0068280B1 true EP0068280B1 (en) 1988-04-20

Family

ID=6135521

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82105222A Expired EP0068280B1 (en) 1981-06-27 1982-06-15 Magnetically operated electrical contact arrangement

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0068280B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5840722A (en)
AT (1) ATE33731T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3125346A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20200251296A1 (en) * 2019-02-06 2020-08-06 Honeywell International Inc. Reed switch assembly having a customizable length of activation

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3278871A (en) * 1965-01-06 1966-10-11 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Switching device having curved contacts arranged for end-on engagement
GB1384528A (en) * 1971-06-19 1975-02-19 Solartron Electronic Group Scanner units
US3869684A (en) * 1973-04-06 1975-03-04 Int Standard Electric Corp Bistable latching relay
FR2285705A2 (en) * 1974-09-18 1976-04-16 Materiel Telephonique Current pulse controlled miniature coupling point - has coils inside housing whose inner side is ribbed and faces contact strips

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3278378D1 (en) 1988-05-26
JPS5840722A (en) 1983-03-09
DE3125346A1 (en) 1983-01-20
ATE33731T1 (en) 1988-05-15
EP0068280A2 (en) 1983-01-05
EP0068280A3 (en) 1985-05-02

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