EA017323B1 - Detergent - Google Patents

Abstract

The claimed invention relates to biochemistry, in particular to detergent compositions for cleaning and defatting metal, plastic, glass and ceramic surfaces of all type of industrial oils, wetting and cooling liquids, residues of polishing and lapping compounds and also of temporary anticorrosion protective coatings, including with admixtures of chemically-inert substances, such as soot, graphite, quartz dust, etc by emulsification, immobilization of contaminating oil and fat particles and their subsequent molecular degradation not forming oil products in wash water preserving the initial neutral pH values. When using the claimed detergent the inventive task is aimed at providing washing and defatting effect in aqueous mediums at 4 to 700°C with emulsification, immobilization of contaminating oil and fat particles and their subsequent molecular degradation not forming oil products in wash water preserving the initial neutral pH values due to the ability of molecules used in the composition of the claimed substance to form micelles The assigned inventive task is characterized in that the detergent comprises a composite mixture including fatty acid derivatives, terpene saponins, surfactants and water with the following component ratio, wt %: fatty acid derivative - 2-32, terpene saponins - 8-20, surfactants - 17-29, water -remaining. The claimed detergent is a universal agent and useful for washing and defatting all types greasing materials (petrochemical products) and edible fat. Wherein a combination of cheap components (fatty acid derivatives and saponins) with expensive surfactants provides to preserve high washing and defatting effectiveness of the claimed detergent with simultaneous reduction of its cost to competitive level.

Description

The invention relates to the field of biochemistry, and in particular to compositions of detergents intended for cleaning and degreasing metal, plastic, glass and ceramic surfaces from all types of industrial oils, wetting and cooling liquids (coolants), residues of polishing and finishing pastes, as well as from temporary anti-corrosion protective coatings, including those with an admixture of chemically inert substances, such as soot, graphite, silica dust, etc., by emulsification, immobilization of polluting oil and fat particles and their molecular degradation without the formation of oil in water flush with their original neutral pH values. The detergent of the claimed composition can be used in the automotive, instrument and engineering, food and other industries.

Known detergent for cleaning a metal surface containing the following components, in wt.%: A mixture of nonionic surfactants (surfactants) and cationic surfactants - 1012; sodium metasilicate (water glass) - 2-5; sodium tripolyphosphate or trisodium phosphate - 15-20; sodium hydroxide - 5-10; potassium dichromate - 0.07-0.10; sodium carbonate - up to 100, where the sodium salt of ethoxylated isononylphenol carboxymethylate (synterol) and neonol are used as nonionic surfactants, and the quaternary ammonium chloride as the cationic surfactant is the product of the interaction of hexamethylenetetramine with epichlorohydrin or with allyl chloride. The detergent has a set of physico-chemical properties: solvent, wetting, degreasing, emulsifying and anti-corrosion ability (RF patent for the invention No. 2243255).

With high washing and degreasing efficiency, cationic synthetic surface-active substances (SAS), which are part of the well-known detergent, are classified as highly toxic and environmentally hazardous compounds (100 times more toxic than anionic or nonionic). Thus, the use of this product as a detergent and degreaser in the catering system and the food industry is unacceptable due to its high toxicity.

Known detergent for cleaning a metal surface containing, in wt.%: Soda ash - 5-10; sodium tripolyphosphate - 1-3; sodium tetraborate - 1-2; secondary sodium alkyl sulfate based on olefins fraction - 100-320 ° C of the general formula

C _p H _2p +1 CH (CH _; ) O5O _; \ s.

where n = 6: 16, 0.1-1; 1,2-disubstituted imidazoline of the general formula

where n = 1.2, t = 1-6, 0.05-0.15; isopropyl alcohol 0.2-2; deionized water up to 100 (RF patent for invention No. 2058381).

Known detergent belongs to the class of highly toxic. So, according to the toxicological handbook Harmful chemicals. Organic and inorganic compounds (ed. 2, vols. 2, 3, 4, Moscow, Chemistry, 2002), sodium tetraborate (borax), and 1,2-disubstituted imidosaline are classified as toxicity classes 1-2. The period of biological decomposition of these compounds due to their high chemical resistance has not been established.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a liquid detergent composition containing 1-90% surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic, nonionic and atmospheric surfactants, as well as mixtures thereof, prepared with hydrotropic substances, which are a mixture of alcohol ethoxylate and polyethylene glycol ether. Hydrotropy provides an increase in foaming. The use of polyethylene glycol ether and alpha-hydroxy acid in a liquid detergent composition further provides an improvement in the quality of the protective film and protects the skin of a person using the detergent (I8 patent 6423678).

The tool does not have characteristics that allow it to be used in various industries.

The task to which the claimed technical solution is directed is to create a non-toxic and environmentally friendly detergent based on components of natural origin with a high and quick washing effect.

The technical result achieved by using the claimed invention is to provide a washing and degreasing effect in aqueous media at a temperature of from 4 to 70 ° C with emulsification, immobilization of polluting oil and grease particles with their subsequent molecular degradation without formation of oil products in wash water, while maintaining the original neutral pH values due to the ability of the molecules used in the composition of the claimed drug substances to form micelles. Contaminants, once in the center of such a micelle, are destroyed to a monomolecular state and do not form repeated fat aggregates.

The problem is solved in that the detergent is a composite mixture,

- 1 017323 including fatty acid derivatives, terpene saponins, surfactants and deionized water in the following ratio of components, in wt.%: Fatty acid derivatives - 2-32, terpene saponins 8-20, surfactants - 17-29, water - the rest. The detergent may additionally contain a non-ionic detergent in an amount of 0.001-0.01 wt.% And a chelating agent in an amount of 0.01-0.02 wt.%, With tween 40 and / or Triton X-100 used as a non-ionic detergent, what is necessary for the formation of liposomes that bind the chelate complex of disolvin Να-Ca ² . The detergent contains fatty acid derivatives containing the sodium salt of palmitic acid and / or lauric acid and / or arachidonic acid and / or stearic acid and / or linoleic acid. Mono-, di-, and triterpene saponins were used as terpene saponins, including oleanic, amirane, and cucurbitacin derivatives of aglycans contained in the fruits of plants of the Radaseae family (beech) of the genus Le8s1i8. As surfactants, fractions (purified) of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol or ethanolamineplasmalogen were used.

The invention is illustrated in schematic drawings.

In FIG. 1 presents a diagram of the formation of three types of micelles included in the inventive tool: flat - fatty acids, spherical - saponins and cylindrical - surfactants, binding and destruction of pollutants inside the micelles.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows the formation of bilayer liposomes and the process of their binding to the chelate complex formed by disolvin 2Να and Ca ^{2+ ions} .

The inventive detergent is a composite mixture of three types of biological molecules obtained from natural raw materials with a neutral pH value (6.4-7.2), characterized by high efficiency, economy and environmental safety. The product is made from polar natural molecules that are capable of spontaneous aggregation in micellar structures of various types in an aqueous medium. The main components of the product are fatty acid derivatives, i.e. derivatives of fatty acids. As fatty acids, a number of acids can be used, such as palmitic, lauryl, arachidonic, stearic, linoleic and other acids. These acids belong to the group of saturated, unsaturated and polyunsaturated carbohydrate compounds with a polar head. Natural fatty acids are mainly used in the manufacture of cosmetics and hygiene products. In aqueous solutions, modified fatty acids have amphipathic properties, i.e. the ability to spontaneous aggregation due to the presence of a positive charge on the hydrophilic end of the molecule. For the preparation of the claimed funds use sodium and potassium salts of fatty acids (derivatives). The main property of fatty acid derivatives is their ability to spontaneous micelle formation in an aqueous medium, which gives them emulsifying, immobilizing properties to bind pollutants with the subsequent molecular degradation of fats and oils to mono-, diocarbon fragments without the formation of petroleum products in wash water. Fatty acid derivatives in the preparation of the inventive detergent are used in an amount from the range of 2-32 wt.%, While both a salt of one fatty acid and a mixture of several salts of fatty acids can be used. Substances are in a liquid state. Physico-chemical properties: yellow liquid slightly opalescent, the density of 32 wt.% The solution is equal to 1.002, the pH is 7.0 at 1 = 20 ° C. Examples of the preparation of mixtures of derivatives of fatty acids are given in table. one.

Table 1

- 2 017323

c) the sodium salt of arachidonic fatty acid; 4.8 wt% 0.7 wt% 1 wt% 2.2 wt% 0.5 wt% 0.5 wt% d) sodium salt of stearic fatty acid; 1.9 wt% - 0.5 wt% 1.9 wt% 2.5 wt% 1.0 wt% e) sodium salt of linoleic fatty acid; 9.3 wt% 0.5 wt% 2 wt% 2> 6 wt% 2.9 wt% -

The next component of the claimed funds are terpene saponins, namely mono-, di-triterpene, for example, oleanic, amiranic and other derivatives of aglycans (Collection of works of VNIIPSa, edited by A.Yu. Rabinovich. L.-M. 1936; Kobsp. And | with 8th Arthropodiacephalus nuciferaceus, Beau, Institute. 1939) contained in the fruits of plants of the Radassas family (beech), genus A 5sp1n5.

Saponins are used as a foaming agent. Saponins are high molecular weight complex organic compounds of a glycosidic nature with specific properties: aqueous solutions from raw materials containing saponins form a rich foam. The composition of the used saponin-containing raw materials does not include saponins from other types of plants, for example steroid, which, getting into the blood, cause hemolysis of red blood cells; and also toxic to cold-blooded ones (frogs, fish, worms), causing their death even at a dilution of 1: 1,000,000. The saponins used in the composite mixture, like most terpene glycosides, consist of a carbohydrate moiety and an aglycon called sapogenin. Terpenes are natural hydrocarbons of the general formula (C ₅ H ₈ ) _P. There are monoterpenes (n = 2), one and a half terpenes or sesquiterpenes (n = 3), diterpenes (n = 4), etc. Essential oils are especially rich in terpenes and their derivatives (terpenoids). Monoterpenes are present in literally all essential oils, especially many of them in citrus oils. They are generally safe and considered the least harmful components of essential oils. Diterpenes are effective not only as detergents, but also as antifungal; bactericidal and expectorant drugs. Some of them have a stabilizing effect on the harmonious status of a person. Triterpenes are bioactive substances with antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal properties. As a component of a detergent, a mixture of terpene saponins is used, consisting of two or more substances taken in various proportions. Substances are in a liquid state. Physicochemical properties: light brown liquid; the density of the aqueous solution at 29 wt.% concentration is 1, 007; The pH of the solution at 20 ° C is 6.9. Examples of the preparation of mixtures of terpene saponins are presented in table. 2.

table 2

Name Options one 2 3 4 5 6 Terpene mixture saponins: May 8 * / · 14 wt% 29 wt% 16 wt% 13 wt% 20 wt% a) monoterpenic; 2.5 wt% 8 wt% 18 wt% 11 wt% 5 wt% 9 wt% b) diterpenes; 2.5 wt% 3 wt% 5 wt% 2 wt% 3 wt% 4 wt% c) triterpenes; 3.0 wt% 3 wt% 6 wt% 3 wt% 7 wt% 7 wt%

Surfactants in the amount of 17-29 wt.% Are used as surface-active substances (surfactants) of natural origin in the manufacture of detergents. Sufractants (Tennis R. Biomembranes: Molecular Structure and Functions: Transl. From English M .: Mir, 1997. Ch. 2, p. 54-82) are a unique natural complex of substances that effectively binds ultramicroscopic dust particles due to its amphiphilicity (polarity of the molecule, the Davis-Griffis index is higher than that of saponins or fatty acid trees).

As specific surfactant substances used in the manufacture of detergents, mixtures are used, consisting, as a rule, of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine and / or phosphatidylinositol, diphosphatidylglycerol, ethanolamine plasmalogen and / or other combinations. All combinations of phospholipids can be used in various dosages. Examples of making mixtures of surfactants are presented in table. 3. The substances are in a liquid state. Physico-chemical properties: slightly cloudy golden brown color, slightly opalescent; the density of an aqueous solution of a concentration of 29 wt.% at a temperature of 20 ° C ranges from 1.009 to 0.1022.

- 3 017323

Table 3

Name Options one 2 3 4 5 6 A mixture of surfactants DL: 17 wt% 5 wt% 23 wt% 2 wt% 14 wt% 29 wt% a) phosphatidylcholine; 3 wt% 0.5 wt% 6 wt% 0.2 wt% 3 wt% 9 wt% b) phosphatidideserine; 7 wt% 0.5 wt% 9 wt% 0.2 wt% 1 wt% 4.8 wt% c) phosphatidylethanolamine; 5 wt% 1.0 wt% 0.5 wt% 0.6 wt% 1 wt% 7 wt% g) cardiolipin; 2 wt% 1.2 wt% 0.7 wt% 0.5 wt% 4 wt% 5.2 wt% d) ethanolamineplasmalogen; 0 wt% 1.8 wt% 7.25 wt% 0.5 wt% 5 wt% 3 wt%

All substances used in the manufacture of the claimed funds are substances of natural origin. A positive effect when using the inventive detergent is achieved through the complex simultaneous use of three types of micelle-forming molecules in certain proportions: fatty acid derivatives that form flat micelles in water, terpene saponins, which form spherical micromicelles when diluted with water, and surfactants that form cylindrical micromicelles when diluted with water. Additionally, a chemically modified part of fatty acids (obtained by attaching a non-ionic detergent, such as Tween-40, by standard methods of inorganic catalysis) can be included in the detergent composition. In this case, large multilayer liposomes are formed, which are necessary for the binding of chelate complexes formed by dissolvin Να with divalent metal ions contained in water. The concentrate of the claimed funds is prepared on deionized water. The percentages of nonionic detergents and chelating agents are presented in table. 4.

Table 4

Name Options I 2 3 4 5 6 Nonionic detergents; 0.011 wt% 0.011 wt% 0.011 wt% 0.011 wt% 0.011 wt% 0.011 wt% a) Triton X-100; 0.01 wt% 0.01 wt% 0.01 wt% 0.01% 0.01 wt% 0.01 wt% 6) Tween 40 0.001 wt% 0.001 wt% 0.001 wt% 0.001% 0.001 wt% 0.001 wt% Chelating agent OD wt% 0.001 wt% 0.001 wt% 0.01 May% 0.01 wt% 0.01 wt% a) Disolvin 19a 0.1 wt% 0.001 mes% 0.001 wt% 0.01% 0.01 wt% 0.01 wt%

The detergent is made in the form of a composite mixture comprising fatty acid derivatives, terpene saponins, surfactants and deionized water.

Production is carried out at standard atmospheric pressure and at a temperature of 4 to 50 ° C. A mixture of fatty acid derivatives, i.e. saponified fatty acids. Saponification should be understood as the treatment of these compounds with ΝαΟΗ or KOH solutions at temperatures above 92 ° C. Then, an aqueous solution of a mixture of terpene saponins and an aqueous solution of a mixture of phospholipids (surfactants) are added to the resulting solution. Chemical reactions between detergent components, i.e. between fatty acid derivatives, a mixture of terpene saponins and a mixture of surfactants, as such, are absent. Each of these components forms its own micelles in the presence of water. Each of the polar molecules of derivatives of fatty acids, terpene saponins, surfactants, has hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties when diluted with water. In this case, the molecules move deep into the solution, where they aggregate into micelles with the capture of pollutants at the water - solid interface

- 4 017323 nost. Mixtures of the main active ingredients are taken in percentages in the following ranges, wt. %: fatty acid derivatives - 2-32, terpene saponins - 8-29, surfactants 17-29. Moreover, a decrease in the mass fraction of one group of compounds is inevitably accompanied by an increase in the other or the third. For example, if the mass fraction (wt.%) Of fatty acid derivatives is only 2%, then the proportion of surfactants in the composition of the composite is 29%, and saponins - up to 20% (in total from 37 to 57.1% of the concentrate). Conversely, with a high concentration of a mixture of fatty acid derivatives, the mass fraction of surfactants and saponins decreases. Due to the diffusion of components, the technological process does not provide for special mixing of the solution. The quality control of the detergent concentrate, ready for sale, is carried out at standard atmospheric pressure and at a temperature of 20 ° C by measuring the area of the treated surface, measuring the pH of the concentrate, the Davis-Griffis coefficient (the difference in charge between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions of the molecules), viscosity and density mixtures. The control process does not require mixing. The mixture is a functionally uniform composite mixture.

Non-ionic detergents (Tween 40 and / or Triton X100) are additionally introduced into the composite detergent mixture, which, using inorganic catalysts (nickel, chromium, cadmium, molybdenum salts, etc.), are added to polyunsaturated fatty acids (arachinic and / or arachidonic). Due to this, the formation of large multilayer micelles (liposomes) necessary for the binding (encapsulation) of chelate complexes occurs. In turn, chelate complexes in working solutions of detergent based on water of arbitrary hardness are formed as a result of the interaction of dissolvin Να with divalent ions Ca ²⁺ , MD ²⁺ and Fe ²⁺ , which is necessary to reduce water hardness.

In the table. 5 shows the options for the compositions of the claimed funds.

Table 5

No. Name Options one 2 3 4 5 6 one 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 one Fatty Acid Derivatives: 32 wt% 3 wt% 5 wt% May 19% 14 wt% 2 wt% 2 A mixture of terpene saponins: 8 wt% 14 wt% 29 wt% 16 wt% 13 wt% 20 wt% 3 A mixture of surfactants; 17 wt% 5 wt% 23 wt% 2 wt% 14 wt% 29 wt% 4 Nonionic detergents; 0.011 wt% 0.011 wt% 0.011 wt% 0.011 wt% 0.011 wt% 0.011 wt% 5 Chelating agent: 0.1 wt% 0.001 wt% 0.001 wt% 0.01 wt% 0.01 wt% 0.01 wt% b Total: 57.111 wt + 22.012 wt% May 52,012 37,021 wt% 47,021 wt% 51,021 wt% Water rest rest rest rest rest rest

The resulting mixture (detergent concentrate) is stored in a dark place at ambient temperature from -20 to + 50 ° С.

To prepare, for example, 10 l of the working solution needed to clean the metal from oils, soot, graphite and chips, about 10 l of deionized or chemically softened water are added to 150 ml of concentrated detergent and mix thoroughly until a foam is formed. The resulting amount of working solution is sufficient for complete degreasing and cleaning of foreign substances from the metal surface with an area of at least 50 m ² .

Dilution of the detergent concentrate with water below a critical concentration (below 37%) leads to spontaneous aggregation of fatty acid molecules, saponins and surfactants into micelles with the capture of contaminants, followed by degradation (destruction) to monomolecules of fats, proteins and carbohydrates. Abrasive materials, carbon black and graphite of ultramicroscopic sizes (smaller micelles) are also captured by micelles, but not destroyed by them.

Similarly, prepare a working solution for washing dishes. The prepared solution (10 l) is enough for machine or manual washing of 150 tableware at a temperature of 40-55 ° C. When cooling the working solution, it is necessary to add 3-4 l of hot water (80-90 ° C) to it and continue the washing process. The product is easily washed off with running water and does not leave smudges on the dishes. Due to the formation of micelles, the product effectively binds edible fats, proteins and carbohydrates and destroys

- 5 017323 of them, thereby preventing the re-formation of fat plugs and conglomerates in sewer networks and in sewage treatment plants.

To clean metal surfaces from polishing and finishing pastes, the volume of the concentrate in the preparation of the working solution is increased to 250 ml per 10 l of water.

The molecules of the agent penetrate the micro-shells of the metal surface being cleaned and form a monopolymer film there, temporarily protecting the product from repeated corrosion. Thus, the tool provides a high degree of adhesion of the coated metal. Electroplating and painting of the cleaned metal surface can be carried out without additional washing with water.

In the table. 6 shows a comparative assessment of the washing and degreasing efficiency of a 1.5% working solution of the inventive detergent with a different mass fraction of the constituent active components on the example of various pollutants.

Table 6

Combination options and mass% of a mixture of components * Types of pollution Detergent and degreasing effect Indicators Total wettability of the surface (in sec) Foaming (in cm) The degree of degreasing (in%) Degreasing time (in minutes) one 2 3 4 5 6 1) industrial oil I-20 7 33 89.9 7.3 No. 1 2) industrial oil MP-7 nine 3.0 913 8 (57, W mass%) 3) technological grease ШС-2 8 33 94.0 8 4) Goya Pasta 7 2,8 90.5 nine 5) Graphite-silicone grease nine 2.9 91.0 10,4 1) industrial oil I-20 8 3.4 92.5 8 Number 2 (22.012 mass%) 2) industrial oil MP-7 nine 3,7 92.0 8.5 3) technological grease ШС-2 nine 3.0 93.7 8.5 4) Pasta Gon 10 2,5 89.5 9.5 5) Graphite-silicone grease 7 2.9 90.0 10.5 1) industrial oil I-20 8 1.7 98.3 5,0 No. 3 2) industrial oil MP-7 5 1.8 99,4 6.0 (52.012 wtS%) 3) technological ShS-2 greasing 4 1.9 95.7 7.0 4) Goya Pasta 5 1.7 98.3 7.9 5) Graphite-silicone grease 7 1.8 96.0 9.0

- 6 017323

Number 4 (37,021 yass%) 1) industrial I-20 oil 10 3,1 95.0 8.0 2) industrial oil MP-7 8 3.2 92.5 8.5 3) technological ShS-2 greasing nine 2.7 91.5 9.5 4) Goya Pasta 10 2.9 96.3 11.0 5) Graph-snlyadnovad grease 10.5 33 93.2 11.0 Number 5 (41.021 mass%) 1) industrial I-20 oil 7.0 3.0 92.5 7 2) industrial oil MP-7 10.0 2,5 91.0 8.5 3) technological grease ШС-2 8.0 AZ 94.5 10 4) Goya Pasta 9.0 3.0 93.6 10.3 5) Graft silicone grease 10.0 3,1 95.0 11.2 Number 6 (51,021 mass%) 1) industrial oil I-20 4 1.8 98.0 2) industrial oil MP-7 5 2.0 98.5 5.8 3) technological ShS-2 greasing 5 2.2 97.5 6.4 4) Pasta Gon 6 1.9 96.0 8.0 5) Graphite-silncon grease 5 1.8 97.0 8.2

Complete degreasing of the surfaces of metals and their alloys is achieved with 57.1 wt.% Concentrate. A working solution of such a concentrate was obtained by adding water at the rate of 150 ml of concentrate per 9850 ml of water. The complete degreasing time under these conditions averaged 10.4 minutes.

When using 37.02 wt.% Concentrate diluted with water according to a similar method, the time for complete degreasing of objects increases to 11 minutes.

Thus, the results presented in table. 1-6, allowed to draw the following conclusions.

1) 1.5% working solution prepared from 52-57% concentrate has the maximum washing and degreasing efficiency.

2) The time and completeness of degreasing also depend on the type of grease; cleaning the graphite-silicone greases and polishing pastes requires the maximum duration.

3) The high efficiency of the inventive detergent is due to combinations of three types of biological molecules that form micelles of various types. Each type of micelle effectively binds only certain types of fatty and industrial pollution. Flat micelles formed from fatty acid trees effectively bind hydrolyzed fats and light fractions of industrial oils, such as I-20. However, this type of micelles (flat) is ineffective in relation to industrial (synthetic) oils and lubricants. Spherical micelles formed from saponins effectively bind the heavier fractions of industrial oils, for example MP-7, technological lubricants of the ShS-2 type. Cylindrical micelles formed by surfactants, in addition to those listed above, effectively bind the base of polishing pastes, as well as graphite-silicone grease. The inclusion of a mixture of natural suffractants (5 types of phospholipids) with the highest Davis-Grifis index in the detergent made it possible to solve the problem of washing and degreasing utensils, food processing equipment, parts and products in industrial areas, as well as polishing and finishing pastes without increasing the concentration of the claimed drug in the working solution.

4) The inventive detergent is versatile and suitable for washing and degreasing from all types of lubricants (petrochemicals) and edible fats. Moreover, the combination of cheap components such as derivatives of fatty acids and saponins with expensive sufractants allows you to maintain high washing and degreasing effectiveness of the inventive detergent while reducing its cost to a competitive level.

The inventive tool is explosion and fireproof. Belongs to the 4th class of toxicity and environmental hazard.

Claims (2)

CLAIM 1. A detergent, characterized in that it is a composite mixture comprising derivatives of fatty acids, which are used as the sodium salt of palmitic acid and / or lauric acid and / or arachidonic acid and / or stearic acid and / or linoleic acid; terpene saponins, which are used as mono-, di- and triterpene saponins, including oleanic, amiranic and cucurbitic derivatives of aglycans, contained, for example, in fruits of plants of the Badassas family (beech), genus Aepeis, or in other plants; surfactants, which are used as fractions 8I (purified) - phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol or ethanolamineplasmalogen; deionized water taken in the following ratio of components, in wt.%: fatty acid derivatives - 2-32; terpene saponins - 8-20; surfactants - 17-29; water is the rest. 2. The detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a non-ionic detergent in an amount of 0.001-0.01 wt.% And a chelating agent in an amount of 0.01-0.02 wt.%, While as a non-ionic detergent Tween 40 and / or Triton X-100 were used.