DE60320536T2 - STARTER DRIVE WITH COUPLING, ESPECIALLY FOR MOTOR VEHICLES, EQUIPPED WITH A TORSION DAMPING DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The bendix (10) on an electric starter motor is provided with a rotating output shaft (18) and a torsionally-elastic device (28), arranged between the pinion (12) and the automatically-disengaging torque transmission device, such as a conical clutch or freewheel (14), for storage of energy during the compression phases of the thermal engine and for restoration thereof during the decompression phases. The torsionally-elastic device (28) is axially offset with regard to the automatically-disengaging torque transmission device. Said device (28) guarantees adjustment of the play in the transmission elements, whilst reducing the noise level of the bendix during the starting of an internal combustion engine on a motor vehicle.

Description

Technical field of the invention

• – ein Ritzel, das auf der rotierenden Ausgangswelle zwischen einer Ruheposition, in der es aus dem Zahnkranz ausgerückt ist, und einer aktiven Arbeitsposition, in der es an dem besagten Zahnkranz eingreift, axial verschiebbar gelagert ist,
• – eine ausrückbare Drehmomentübertragungsvorrichtung, etwa eine Vorrichtung mit Freilauf oder mit Kegelkupplung.

The invention relates to an electric starter with a rotating output shaft and a Einspurvorrichtung for driving a sprocket of the flywheel of a vehicle engine, said Einspurvorrichtung comprising:

• - A pinion, which is axially slidably mounted on the rotating output shaft between a rest position in which it is disengaged from the sprocket, and an active working position in which it engages said sprocket,
• - A disengageable torque transmitting device, such as a device with freewheel or with cone clutch.

State of the art

One Automotive starter conventionally comprises a rotating one Electric motor whose task is to turn an output shaft driving, which is equipped with a movable pinion, that for the interaction with a sprocket is intended to temper of the internal combustion engine of the vehicle.

Of the Sprocket is called a starter sprocket and is firmly on one annular Part, attached to a flywheel, rigid or elastic connected to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle is.

In one embodiment, the output shaft coincides with the output shaft of the starter motor. As a variant, the output shaft is different from the output shaft of the electric motor of the starter. For example, a planetary gear between the two waves is arranged, as in the document EP B 0 708 239 or in the publication FR A 2 751 803 is described.

The Pinion is usually slidable on the output shaft between a rest position in which it is disengaged from the sprocket, and an active working position, in which it said to the Sprocket engages the non-rotatably with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine of the vehicle is connected. By an engagement relay is a control element, usually in the form of a lever, actuated, the again with a Einspurvorrichtung with a freewheel or with cooperates a cone clutch. The cone clutch or freewheel are between the pinion and a driver arranged to the Einspurvorrichtung belongs. The lever acts on the driver or on a housing, that includes the freewheel or the cone clutch. In a conventional Starter is the case firmly connected to the driver.

This Driver comprises a drive sleeve, which at its inner circumference Has helical grooves, which cooperate positively with helical grooves, local the output shaft at its outer periphery having. In the active position, the pinion acts with a fixed together with the output shaft connected stop.

The Main function of the disengageable The torque transfer device is to prevent the pinion, if also as an internal combustion engine designated internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle starts, the Electric motor of the starter drives at too high a speed, causing damage of the starter could.

For further details, for example, the publication FR A 2 772 433 are referenced, in which the engaging lever is shown, which forms the control member which is connected to the Einspurvorrichtung to move them.

The pamphlets FR 96 13016 . FR 96 13015 and FR 96 09550 - published under the numbers FR 2 754 857 . FR 2 754 856 respectively. FR 2 751 803 - refer to damping devices whose function is to absorb the shocks and vibrations generated during the operation of the starter. The damping function leads to a reduction in the intensity of the transmitted in the region of the Einspurvorrichtung shocks. These damping devices generally consist of elastomer damper blocks whose function is to absorb energy to dissipate them in the form of an internal friction dependent on the structure of the material and an external friction between the parts in relative motion. In the pamphlets FR A 2 754 857 and FR A 2 827 915 the damping devices are installed in a fixedly connected to the driver housing. In the publication FR A 2 75 803 the damping device is mounted between the output shaft and the output element of the reduction gear.

The publication US Pat. No. 2,159,514 describes another embodiment in which a coil spring is rotatably connected at one of its ends to the output shaft of the electric motor of the starter and at its other end to a driving element which is engaged via cams with the pinion. In the US Pat. No. 3,616,700 Another embodiment is described in which an axially effective damping element is used.

In 1 is the compression and decompression cycle in each of the cylinders of an internal combustion engine during the starting process darge where v is the speed and t is the time. The curve N _m (t) indicates the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine, while the curve N _d (t) indicates the rotational speed of the starter.

During the Compression phase in a specific cylinder compresses the piston the air / fuel mixture, with the internal pressure gradually up rises to top dead center, hereinafter referred to as OTP becomes. This results in a proportional force that exceeds the Connecting rod and the crankshaft generates a moment of resistance, which counteracts the compression movement. The starter, the As a result, the internal combustion engine drives in rotation, and therefore has to constantly increase its torque until it reaches the OTP deliver, which in turn results in a decline in Drive speed has the consequence.

To passing through the OTP, the cylinder starts the decompression phase, in the course of which the internal pressure generates a drive torque, the accelerates the speed of the crankshaft. Considering the respective torques and moments of inertia of the internal combustion engine and the starter drops the acceleration of the crankshaft faster than that of the starter pinion. The Pinion is therefore driven by the internal combustion engine, where it following the response of the freewheel or the cone clutch between the pinion and the electric motor of the starter alone with overspeed is driven.

The internal combustion engine then continues its acceleration movement to the bottom dead center, which will be abbreviated to UTP below. It comes to a compression phase in the following cylinder of the firing order, which leads to a slowing down of the crankshaft. At the same time, the speed of the electric motor of the starter, which has no more load to transmit, increases according to the classical Leerlaufdrehzahlveriegufen of electric motors. When the speed of the pinion becomes equal to the speed of the output shaft of the starter, the freewheel or the cone clutch locks, and the starter again provides torque to the engine. The torque of the compression cylinder slows the starter, providing a steady increase in torque up to the OTP, and so on until the first explosions occur. In this context, it should be noted that from the time t1, the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine N _m and the rotational speed of the starter N _{d are} different.

The starter is therefore temporarily driven and temporarily driven. At the beginning of each drive phase, there is a cancellation of the angular play and the axial play between the pinion and the stop. This backlash results in a shock and noise. In addition, the load of the gear teeth / ring gear increases up to the OTP, these load changes also result in a noise. In 1 the section RL corresponds to the free running time while the section EN corresponds to the driving time.

Subject of the invention

Of the The invention is the clearance of the transmission elements eliminate the noise of the starter during reduce the drive time of the internal combustion engine.

The inventive device Is characterized in that the Einspurvorrichtung with a Equipped with torsional elastic device which is arranged around during the compression phases of the internal combustion engine to store energy and she while the decompression phases of the internal combustion engine again, and that the torsion-elastic device in relation to disengageable The torque transfer device axially offset.

The Cancellation of the game does not apply, because the presence of the torsion-elastic device makes it possible the flanks of the teeth of the pinion with the flanks of the sprocket in contact. The energy gets during the decompression phases again delivered, in contrast to the after the prior art devices, the energy absorb.

in the Specifically, the torsional elastic device in a first Step during compressed the compression phases of the internal combustion engine of the vehicle, whereupon, in a second step, the stored energy again to give the pinion an angular acceleration, the greater than which fails the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine of the vehicle.

at a given radial space requirement, this torsionally elastic Device have a considerable size, since they are in proportion to the disengageable Torque transmission device axially is offset.

These Arrangement allows it to preserve and protect the freewheel or the cone clutch and thereby extending the life of the starter according to, at the same time the noise is reduced.

The torsion-elastic device advantageously comprises a coaxially surrounding the output shaft hinged coil spring which between a housing of the freewheel and the Kegelkupp ment and a fixedly connected to the pinion or the driver part of the pinion or the driver is mounted.

These Arrangement allows it to store a lot of energy, giving a great angular excursion between the parts, between which the coil spring is used. This angular deflection turns out bigger as a solution using elastically deformable elements, for example made of elastomer. It is possible, Angular deflections of over 120 ° to achieve, that is deflections, which are bigger as the maximum relative instantaneous angle offset between the pinion and the sprocket.

To a preferred embodiment is the torsionally elastic device between the pinion and the disengageable The torque transfer device, such as a device with freewheel or with cone clutch stored.

These torsionally elastic device comprises a coil spring which the Coaxially surrounds output shaft, between a housing of the Freewheel or the cone clutch and a tubular extension of the pinion is mounted.

It It should be noted that the torsionally elastic device not directly with the shaft of the electric motor of the starter engaged located.

These preferred embodiment is easy, reliable and economical, since it comprises a minimum number of parts and a simplification of the pinion without raceway for a freewheel or cone clutch device allows. The driver becomes also simplified, since the raceway or the internal friction of the disengageable The torque transfer device advantageously firmly connected to the driver, so that that to this torque transmitting device belonging housing from Carrier and separated from the pinion and easy to manufacture is.

Furthermore allows this preferred embodiment a further reduction of the inner diameter of the coil spring, so for a given outside diameter can store a maximum of energy.

In addition, revealed faster response times than in one embodiment with attachment of the torsion-elastic device behind the disengageable Torque transmission device, the then arranged between the pinion and the torsion device is. This reduces the inertia during storage of the torsionally elastic device between the pinion and the disengageable The torque transfer device the Einspurvorrichtung.

Of Furthermore, this creates the possibility the Einspurvorrichtung easily with a disengageable torque transmission device equipped with freewheel or with cone clutch.

To a feature of the invention, the coil spring in a simpler, more reliable and cost-effective Way in a department of the housing by means of a tightly connected to the pinion shutter disk included.

• – Die Verschlussscheibe umfasst wenigstens einen vorstehenden Sektor, der in einem Ausschnitt des Gehäuses aufgenommen ist, welcher eine Winkelweite aufweist, die größer als der Winkel des Sektors ist, so dass die Winkelauslenkung der Scheibe im Verhältnis zum Gehäuse dem Unterschied zwischen den beiden Winkeln entspricht.
• – Die Feder ist so vorgespannt, dass sie ein Rückstellmoment ausübt, das darauf hinwirkt, den Sektor der Scheibe gegen einen Anschlag des Gehäuses zurückzustellen, um eine vorbestimmte Winkelpositionierung des Ritzels im Verhältnis zum Gehäuse herbeizuführen, wenn sich der Anlasser im Ruhezustand befindet.
• – Das Gehäuse ist mit einer zweiten Abteilung für die Aufnahme der Rollen des Freilaufs bzw. der kegelstumpfförmigen Flächen der Kegelkupplung versehen.
• – Das Gehäuse ist auf der Ausgangswelle über einen selbstschmierenden Ring zentriert und geführt, um die rotierenden Verschiebe- und Drehbewegungen der Einspurvorrichtung zu ermöglichen.

Other features can be used alone or in combination:

• The closure disc comprises at least one projecting sector received in a section of the housing which has an angular width which is greater than the angle of the sector so that the angular deflection of the disc relative to the housing corresponds to the difference between the two angles.
• - The spring is biased so that it exerts a restoring moment, which acts to return the sector of the disc against a stop of the housing in order to bring about a predetermined angular positioning of the pinion in relation to the housing when the starter is at rest.
• - The housing is provided with a second section for receiving the rollers of the freewheel or the frustoconical surfaces of the conical coupling.
• - The housing is centered on the output shaft via a self-lubricating ring and guided to allow the rotating sliding and rotating movements of the Einspurvorrichtung.

Brief description of the drawings

Further Features and benefits are more apparent from the following Description of an embodiment of the invention, given as an example without any limitation and in the attached Drawings is shown. Show:

1 the compression and decompression cycle in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine during the starting process;

2 a partial sectional view of a starter track device according to the invention;

3 a sectional view of the housing of the Einspurvorrichtung of 2 ;

4 a profile view of 3 ;

5 a sectional view taken along the line 5-5 of 3 ;

6 a perspective view of the coil spring which forms the torsionally elastic device;

7 an elevational view of the shutter disc of the housing of the Einspurvorrichtung;

8th a sectional view of the assembly of pinion and shutter disc;

9 a representation of the torque generated by the coil spring in dependence on the relative position of the pinion in relation to the housing.

Description of a preferred embodiment

With reference to the 2 to 8th includes the Einspurvorrichtung 10 a pinion 12 and a disengageable torque transmitting device, here with freewheel 14 that made a takeaway 16 and a, here annular, housing 17 This is a recording for roles 19 limited.

The driver 16 is, as mentioned above, with helical grooves 16a provided with corresponding grooves 16b the output shaft 18 cooperate, which is intended to be driven in rotation by the electric motor of the starter.

This wave 18 is embodied in one embodiment in one piece with the output shaft of the electric motor or as a variant separated from the output shaft of the electric motor, in which case, for example, a planetary reduction gear between the two shafts is used.

The structure of the grooves 16a . 16b allows the rotationally fixed connection and the axial displacement of the Einspurvorrichtung 10 , In the driver 16 is a hole 20 incorporated to center the cylindrical track 22 of the freewheel 14 on the wave 18 sure. The grooves 16a belong to a (not designated by a reference number) Mitnehmerhülse which the career 22 which is formed by means of a protuberance, which has the driver locally at its outer periphery, axially to the rear, in the pinion 12 extended in the opposite direction.

The housing 17 is recessed at its outer periphery to inclined ramps 24 to form, which serve as cams, which in a known manner in a rotational direction of the shaft 18 the lock of the rollers 19 and in the opposite direction the release of the rollers 19 cause. This case comes with a self-lubricating ring 26 , which allows the relative sliding and turning movements, on the shaft 18 centered and guided. The housing 17 Also includes stepped recordings for compression springs, which in a known manner on the rollers 19 interact with this between the career 22 and the ramps 24 to lock. For more details, for example, see page 323 ( 6.13 ) of the document "electrical systems in motor vehicles" of 1995 (Vogel reference book XP 002220045) are referenced.

According to the invention, a torsion-elastic device 28 installed axially offset in relation to the disengageable torque transmission device inside the Einspurvorrichtung. This device stores the energy during the compression phases of the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle, whereupon it releases this energy during the decompression phases of this internal combustion engine.

This device 28 advantageously consists of a coil spring between the housing 17 and a part belonging to the pinion or the driver is mounted. This spring is in a section of the case 17 added.

In one embodiment, this device is 28 between the case 17 and the driver 16 arranged.

In the illustrated embodiment, this device is between the pinion 12 and the freewheel 14 arranged. The housing 17 is on the left side by a tubular sleeve 30 extended, which is a department 31 for receiving a spiral spring 32 limited, which said torsional elastic device 28 forms.

The spiral spring 32 is with a recess 34 provided at the end of its outer turn, so that these have a rotary connection with a correspondingly shaped tongue 36 can make that in the sleeve 30 of the housing 17 is arranged. The anti-rotation device must be at least one-sided in the direction of compression of the spring 32 respectively. In the in the 2 to 6 example shown has the recess 34 a rectangular cross section in which the end of the tongue 36 the sleeve 30 is used. Of course, the male and female parts of the connection can also be reversed.

There may also be other attachment systems for the attachment of the spring 32 on the housing 17 be considered, in particular by riveting, welding or use of an intermediate part for hanging.

The other end is at the inner turn with a nose 38 provided, the hanging at least in the for compressing the coil spring 32 required direction of rotation allows.

The nose 38 is caused by a radial bending of the band, from which the coil spring 32 is made up inside. This angled end is in a slot 33 taken up in the tubular extension 40 of the pinion 12 is incorporated.

Between the sleeve 30 and the extension 40 extends a shutter disc 42 to the coil spring 32 in the department 31 include. The disc 42 is on the pinion 12 secured by welding, riveting or by any other known fastener.

In the 3 . 4 . 7 and 8th owns the outer part of the disc 42 with a thickness e1 a diameter D1, which is approximately equal to the outer diameter D2 of the tubular sleeve 30 is. Two circular recesses 44 locally reduce the outside diameter to a value D3 smaller than the inside diameter D4 of the sleeve 30 ( 3 ) fails, leaving two sectors above 46 be formed with the angle A, which are diametrically opposed. Each sector is defined by two, here radial, surfaces 54 and 50 limited ( 7 ).

The end of the sleeve 30 contains excerpts 48 , which is to record the sectors 46 the disc 42 are determined. Every clipping 48 is by two, here radial, surfaces 52 and 56 the sleeve 30 limited and has a depth e2, which is slightly larger than the thickness e1 of the disc 42 is, as well as an angular width B> A on. The disc 42 can therefore an angular deflection d = B - A in relation to the housing 17 exhibit. The surfaces 50 and 54 a sector 46 are meant to be with the surfaces 52 respectively. 56 the sleeve 30 of the housing 17 to get in touch.

The feather 32 Being biased exerts a torque Co that acts on the surface 50 the disc 42 against the surface 52 of the housing 17 Reset the pinion 12 in relation to the housing 17 angular position when the starter is in rest.

A cap 55 ( 2 ) consists of a tube made of a deformable material with two inverted ends, the housing 17 closing, with all the components of the Einspurvorrichtung 10 are included. The cap is by its inner circumference with the cylindrical outer periphery of the housing 17 in contact, which is the outer circumference of the sleeve 30 includes. This cap 55 has an inverted end that serves as a stop for a disc 142 serves, which the freewheel device 14 closes and serves as a support for the control member, such as an engaging lever, as mentioned above.

9 illustrates this by the coil spring 32 generated torque as a function of the relative position PA of the pinion 12 in relation to the housing 17 , As soon as the torque C exerted by the starter exceeds Cm, compression of the spring begins 32 , where the pinion 12 in relation to the housing 17 rotating at an increasing angle. When the maximum torque during compression passage reaches the value C _M , the pinion leads 12 a shift A _max in relation to the housing 17 out.

When decompression is the spring 32 Recover energy, taking the speed of the pinion 12 accelerated, which has a very low inertia in relation to the electric motor of the starter. At the beginning of the following compression, the spring has 32 relaxed to the angle Am, which corresponds to a given by the spring torque Cm. The to the pinion 12 emitted energy is represented schematically by the area of the trapezium PQRS.

This results in a permanent contact of the pinion 12 with the ring gear of the internal combustion engine. To every push against the support surface 50 the disc 42 To avoid, Am must be greater than 0 at the end of each decompression.

Under normal operating conditions of the starter, it is necessary that d is greater than Am, so that there is no strong impact of the surface 54 against the surface 56 of the housing 17 comes.

At the end of the starting process, the spring returns 32 return to their resting position, taking the area 50 the disc 42 against the case 17 resets. Between the two bearing surfaces, an elastic element can be inserted to reduce the noise at the end of the starting process. Immediately after the return of the spring 32 to the rest position, the freewheel starts 14 its effect to the speed difference between the driven by the internal combustion engine pinion 12 and the wave 18 to enable the starter.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiment. Such are the careers 22 and the ramps 24 designed as a variant frustoconical to form a cone clutch with frusto-conical friction surface, as for example in the publications FR A 2 772 433 or FR A 2 827 915 is described. In this case, eliminates the roles and belonging to the rollers springs, and the driver can be made of plastic. This driver then advantageously has the shape of the driver of 3 of the FR A 2 827 915 , wherein the control member of the Einspurvorrichtung is then associated with the driver. The complementary frusto-conical friction surfaces may be added.

From the foregoing, it is apparent that the housing 17 in one embodiment, on its outer periphery, the sleeve 30 and a frusto-conical wall carrying on its inner periphery one of the frusto-conical friction surfaces of the cone clutch. For example, consider 8th the publication FR A 2 827 915 , it can be seen that the spring according to the invention 32 would be installed in a receptacle that goes through the wall 1a this 8th and through the sleeve 30 from 2 is limited according to the invention, wherein the spring 32 between the housing and the extension 40 of the pinion acts.

As can be seen from the description and from the drawings, the housing has 17 an annular wall 117 based on the axial axis of symmetry of 2 is aligned transversely. This wall 117 is punched in the middle to center the housing on the graduated sleeve 26 bring about. The sleeve 26 extends axially above in relation to the wall 117 so that the driver can come in contact with it. The edge of the middle hole of the wall 117 is stepped to contact the shoulder of the sleeve ( 2 ). This wall 117 limits two shots that extend on either side of the wall. One of the shots is for the spring 32 provided while the other is provided for the freewheel or for the cone clutch.

One of the shots, the one for the pen 32 , can therefore be carried out as standard, while the other is customizable according to the respective applications (freewheel or cone clutch).

It should be noted that the driver 16 and the pinion 12 from 2 have a simple shape as the wall 117 is carried out separately from the driver and the pinion.

In all cases, the pinion can 12 with its tubular extension 40 made of sintered material or any other suitable material, since the torsionally elastic device between the pinion and the disengageable torque transfer device with freewheel or with cone clutch is used.

As a variant, the pinion 12 Of course, be made of sintered material, which is attached to a sleeve to which the extension 40 belongs.

[Text to the figures]

1

• Vitesse moteur thermique: speed combustion engine
• Vitesse démarreur: Speed starter
• Vitesse: speed
• Temps: time
• Roue libre: freewheel
• entraînement: drive
• Decompression: decompression
• Compression: compression
• PMH: OTP (top dead center)
• PMB: UTP (bottom dead center)

9

• Couple of the resort: Torque of the spring
• Position ang .: angular position
• Pignon: pinion
• boîtier: casing

Claims (10)

Electric starter with an output shaft ( 18 ) and a Einspurvorrichtung ( 10 ) for driving a sprocket of the flywheel of a vehicle combustion engine, said engaging device comprising: - a pinion ( 12 ) mounted on the rotating output shaft ( 18 ) is axially slidably mounted between a rest position in which it is disengaged from the sprocket, and an active working position in which it engages the said sprocket, - a transmission device with freewheel ( 14 ), which is connected to a control member, characterized in that the Einspurvorrichtung ( 10 ) with a torsionally elastic device ( 28 ), which is arranged to store energy during the compression phases of the internal combustion engine and to release it again during the decompression phases of the internal combustion engine, and in that the torsionally elastic device ( 28 ) between the pinion ( 12 ) and the freewheel ( 14 ) is arranged and a coil spring ( 32 ), which the output shaft ( 18 ) coaxially surrounds. Electric starter according to claim 1, characterized in that the spiral spring ( 32 ) between the pinion ( 12 ) and the freewheel ( 14 ) in a first annular compartment ( 31 ) of a housing ( 17 ) is recorded. Electric starter according to claim 2, characterized in that the spiral spring ( 32 ) between the housing ( 17 ) and a tubular extension ( 40 ) of the Rite ( 12 ) is mounted, being the output shaft ( 18 ) coaxially surrounds. Electric starter according to claim 3, characterized in that the spiral spring ( 32 ) in the first department ( 31 ) of the housing ( 17 ) by means of a fixed to the pinion ( 12 ) connected shutter disc ( 42 ) is included. Electric starter according to claim 4, characterized in that the shutter disc ( 42 ) at least one prominent sector ( 46 ) with a predetermined angle (A), which in a cutout ( 48 ) of the housing ( 17 ), said cutout having an angular width (B) which is greater than the angle (A), so that the angular deflection of the disk ( 42 ) in relation to the housing ( 17 ) corresponds to the difference between the said angles (A and B). Electric starter according to claim 5, characterized in that the spring ( 32 ) is biased so as to create a setback which will 46 ) of the disc ( 42 ) against a stop of the housing ( 17 ) to a predetermined angular positioning of the pinion ( 12 ) in relation to the housing ( 17 ) when the starter is at rest. Electric starter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing ( 17 ) with a second department for taking up the roles ( 19 ) of the freewheel is provided. Electric starter according to claim 7 in combination with claim 6, characterized in that the first compartment ( 31 ) through a tubular sleeve ( 30 ), the housing ( 17 ) in the direction of the pinion ( 12 ), and that the cutout ( 48 ) and the stop in the tubular sleeve ( 30 ) are executed. Electric starter according to claim 8 in combination with claim 3, characterized in that the outer turn of the spiral spring ( 32 ) with a recess ( 34 ) into which a tongue ( 36 ) of the tubular sleeve ( 30 ) for the rotation lock at least in the compression direction of the spiral spring ( 32 ) engages, and that the inner winding of the spiral spring ( 32 ) a nose ( 38 ), which in a slot hole ( 33 ) of the tubular extension ( 40 ) of the pinion ( 12 ) for hanging at least in the for compressing the coil spring ( 32 ) required direction. Electric starter according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the housing ( 17 ) on the output shaft ( 18 ) via a self-lubricating ring ( 26 ) is centered and guided to the rotating sliding and rotating movements of the Einspurvorrichtung ( 10 ).