DE3810951A1 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GENERATING ENERGY FROM OIL SOURCES - Google Patents
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GENERATING ENERGY FROM OIL SOURCESInfo
- Publication number
- DE3810951A1 DE3810951A1 DE3810951A DE3810951A DE3810951A1 DE 3810951 A1 DE3810951 A1 DE 3810951A1 DE 3810951 A DE3810951 A DE 3810951A DE 3810951 A DE3810951 A DE 3810951A DE 3810951 A1 DE3810951 A1 DE 3810951A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- engine
- oil
- drive
- gas
- source
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/04—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
- Pipeline Systems (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Energie aus Quellen gasbeladenen Erdöls, insbesondere aus unterseeischen Ölquellen, sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for obtaining energy from sources of gas-laden petroleum, especially from undersea Oil wells, and a device for performing this Procedure.
Zwischen den verschiedenen Erdölquellen ergeben sich erhebliche Unterschiede bezüglich des Förderprodukts und der Förder bedingungen. So unterscheiden sich vor allem die Anteile an Erdöl und Erdgas sowie der an der Quelle anstehende Druck des Förderproduktes. Die für das Produkt maßgeblichen Parameter ändern sich aber auch während des Zeitraumes der Förderung. Die notwendige Berücksichtigung dieser Umstände erfordert vor allem bei der unterseeischen Förderung eine besondere Sorgfalt, da das Bohrloch selbst nur schwer zugänglich ist.There are significant differences between the various oil sources Differences in the funding product and funding conditions. The main difference is the proportions Petroleum and natural gas as well as the pressure of the source Product. The parameters relevant to the product but also change during the funding period. The Above all, necessary consideration of these circumstances requires Take special care in submarine production because the borehole itself is difficult to access.
Bei Ölquellen, die unter einem Überdruck stehen, ist es bisher üblich, das vor allem aus Öl und Gas bestehende Förderprodukt auf einer oberhalb des Meeresspiegels angeordneten Plattform in seine Bestandteile zu trennen. Auf einer solchen Offshore- Plattform erfolgt also in Gasabscheidern eine mit einer nicht energetischen Entspannung verbundene Separation.So far, it has been the case with oil wells that are under pressure usual, the production product consisting mainly of oil and gas on a platform located above sea level to separate into its components. On such an offshore So the platform in gas separators is not one with one separation associated with energetic relaxation.
Da nun nicht generell davon ausgegangen werden kann, daß der am Bohrloch der Quelle zur Verfügung stehende Druck während einer gesamten Ausbeutungsphase dazu ausreicht, das Produkt zu einer Offshore-Plattform oder gar zu einer an Land gelegenen Stelle zu fördern, mußte man bei unterseeischen Quellen zu einem neuen Konzept gelangen. Das gefundene Konzept sieht vor, daß ein am Bohrloch vorhandener überschüssiger Druck in einem Ventil abgebaut wird und der notwendige Transport zum Festland durch Arbeitsmaschinen erfolgt. Hierbei kann das Produkt in der gewonnenen Form, also ohne eine Trennung in seine Bestandteile, in "Multi-Phase-Flow" oder nach erfolgter Trennung in Öl und Gas in "Single-Flow" transportiert werden, wobei für das vermischte Produkt wie für das Erdöl Pumpen und für das Erdgas Kompressoren zu verwenden sind.Since it cannot generally be assumed that the pressure available at the well bore during an entire exploitation phase is sufficient to remove the product an offshore platform or even to an onshore one To promote the job, one had to go to undersea springs come up with a new concept. The concept found provides that there is excess pressure at the well in one Valve is dismantled and the necessary transportation to the mainland done by working machines. Here, the product in the form obtained, i.e. without a separation into its Ingredients, in "multi-phase flow" or after Separation in oil and gas transported in "single flow" be, for the mixed product as for the petroleum Pumps and for which natural gas compressors are to be used.
Der Umstand, daß bei diesem Konzept sehr viel elektrische Energie zum Antrieb der Arbeitsmaschinen benötigt wird, macht diese Lösung sehr aufwendig. Schließlich ist zu berücksichtigen, daß für den Transport des elektrischen Stromes bei dem bestehenden hohen Energiebedarf dicke Kabel notwendig sind.The fact that with this concept a lot of electrical Energy is required to drive the work machines this solution is very complex. Finally, it has to be considered that for the transport of electrical current at the existing high energy requirements thick cables are necessary.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den für die Bereitstellung der zum Antrieb der Arbeitsmaschinen benötigten Energie zu treibenden Aufwand in erheblichem Maße zu senken.The invention is based, for the Provision of the necessary to drive the work machines Reduce energy-consuming effort considerably.
Ausgehend von der Erkenntnis, daß das aus dem Bohrloch austretende Produkt in vielen Fällen einen Drucküberschuß besitzt, der spätestens bei der Trennung des Förderproduktes in seine Bestandteile abgebaut werden muß, löst die Erfindung die gestellte Aufgabe dadurch, daß eine Druckabsenkung des aus der Quelle ausgetretenen Produktes in einer die freiwerdende Energie nutzbar machenden Einrichtung erfolgt.Based on the knowledge that this is from the borehole escaping product in many cases an excess pressure owns the latest when the conveyed product is separated must be broken down into its components, the invention solves the task in that a pressure reduction of leaked product in a die released energy is made usable device.
Die Unteransprüche nennen vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. In den Patentansprüchen werden im übrigen verschiedene Alternativen einer Vorrichtung vorgeschlagen, mit deren Hilfe die einer Trennung vorausgehende Druckabsenkung und eine Umsetzung der dabei freiwerdenden Energie vorzunehmen sind.The subclaims name advantageous embodiments of the inventive method. In the claims otherwise various alternatives of a device with the help of which the one preceding a separation Pressure reduction and an implementation of the thereby released Energy.
Anhand verschiedener, in der Zeichnung dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele wird die Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigt dieUsing various, shown in the drawing The invention is explained in more detail in exemplary embodiments. It show the
Fig. 1 eine Fördereinrichtung bekannter Art mit "Multi-Phase- Flow", die Fig. 1 is a known type of conveyor with "multi-phase flow", the
Fig. 2 eine Fördereinrichtung bekannter Bauart mit "Single-Phase-Flow", die Fig. 2 is a known type of conveyor with "single-phase flow", the
Fig. 3 eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens mit einer vom Förderprodukt angetriebenen Kraftmaschine und zwei Arbeitsmaschinen, die Fig. 3 shows an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention with an engine driven by the conveyed product and two machines
Fig. 4 eine der Fig. 3 entsprechende Einrichtung mit einem zusätzlichen Elektromotor zum Antrieb der Arbeitsmaschine, die Fig. 4 is a device corresponding to Fig. 3 with an additional electric motor for driving the machine, the
Fig. 5 eine der Fig. 3 entsprechende Einrichtung, die zusätzlich mit einem der Stromerzeugung für entfernt liegende Aggregate dienenden Generator ausgestattet ist, und die Fig. 5 is a device corresponding to Fig. 3, which is additionally equipped with a generator serving to generate electricity for remote units, and
Fig. 6 eine Variante zu der Einrichtung der Fig. 3. Fig. 6 shows a variant of the device of FIG. 3.
Die in der Fig. 1 dargestellte Einrichtung stellt gewissermaßen die einfachste Form der Förderung für ein aus einem Bohrloch (1) strömendes Produkt dar. Das insbesondere aus Erdöl und -gas bestehende Gemisch muß dabei über ein Druckreduzierventil (2) strömen, bevor es zu einer Förderpumpe (3) gelangt. Die Trennung in die Bestandteile Öl und Gas erfolgt dann entweder auf einer oberhalb des Meeresspiegels angeordneten Plattform oder an Land. Das Druckreduzierventil (2) stellt sicher, daß die Belastung der Rohrleitung durch das Förderprodukt in zulässigen Grenzen bleibt.The device shown in FIG. 1 represents, as it were, the simplest form of production for a product flowing from a borehole ( 1 ). The mixture, which consists in particular of oil and gas, must flow through a pressure reducing valve ( 2 ) before it becomes a Feed pump ( 3 ) arrives. The oil and gas components are then separated either on a platform above sea level or on land. The pressure reducing valve ( 2 ) ensures that the load on the pipeline from the pumped product remains within permissible limits.
Bei der in der Fig. 2 dargestellten vorbekannten Einrichtung erfolgt bereits in der Nähe des Bohrloches (1) eine Trennung in die Bestandteile Öl und Gas. Hierzu wird zunächst das Förderprodukt in einem Druckreduzierventil (2) auf einen Druck entspannt, der eine Abscheidung des Erdgases aus dem Produkt in einen Separator (4) erlaubt. Das im Separator (4) ausge schiedene Gas wird von einem Kompressor (5) zu einer Plattform an Land gefördert, während das Öl von einer Pumpe (6) mit dem für eine Förderung notwendigen Druck beaufschlagt wird. In the known device shown in FIG. 2, a separation into the components oil and gas already takes place in the vicinity of the borehole ( 1 ). For this purpose, the product to be conveyed is first expanded to a pressure in a pressure reducing valve ( 2 ) which allows the natural gas to be separated from the product in a separator ( 4 ). The separated gas in the separator ( 4 ) is conveyed by a compressor ( 5 ) to a platform on land, while the oil is acted upon by a pump ( 6 ) with the pressure necessary for conveying.
Die in der Fig. 3 dargestellte erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung ist ebenfalls hinter einem auf dem Bohrloch (1) angebrachten Ventil angeordnet. Dieses Ventil (7) ist aber ein reines Absperrventil und dient nicht der Druckreduzierung wie die in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Ventile der vorbekannten Einrichtung. Die für die Trennung in die Bestandteile Gas und Öl notwendige Druckreduzierung wird hier in einer als Energie gewinnungsturbine (EGT) (8) wirkenden Kraftmaschine vorgenommen, die im Ausführungsbeispiel von einer rückwärtsdrehenden Kreiselpumpe gebildet wird. Zur Anpassung der EGT (8) an sich ändernde Parameter des Förderproduktes ist ein regelbarer Entnahmeanschluß (9) vorgesehen, der in die Ablaufleitung (10) der EGT (8) mündet.The device according to the invention shown in FIG. 3 is also arranged behind a valve mounted on the borehole ( 1 ). However, this valve ( 7 ) is a purely shut-off valve and is not used to reduce the pressure like the valves of the known device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The pressure reduction necessary for the separation into the components gas and oil is carried out here in an energy-generating turbine (EGT) ( 8 ), which is formed in the exemplary embodiment by a reverse rotating centrifugal pump. In order to adapt the EGT ( 8 ) to changing parameters of the conveyed product, a controllable removal connection ( 9 ) is provided, which opens into the discharge line ( 10 ) of the EGT ( 8 ).
Über die Ablaufleitung (10) gelangt das im Druck reduzierte Förderprodukt in eine Trennanlage (11), von wo aus die Einzelbestandteile Erdöl und Erdgas über gesonderte Rohrleitungen (12) und (13) zu den der Förderung dienenden Arbeitsmaschinen gelangen. Die Arbeitsmaschinen sind auf gleicher Welle mit der Kraftmaschine angeordnet und werden von dieser angetrieben. So wird also das Erdöl von einer Kreiselpumpe (14) und das Erdgas von einem Verdichter (15) über Rohrleitungen (16) und (17) zu einer an Land befindlichen Station gefördert.Via the drain line ( 10 ), the product reduced in pressure reaches a separation system ( 11 ), from where the individual components of oil and natural gas reach the machines used for the production via separate pipes ( 12 ) and ( 13 ). The working machines are arranged on the same shaft with the engine and are driven by it. So the oil is pumped from a centrifugal pump ( 14 ) and the gas from a compressor ( 15 ) via pipes ( 16 ) and ( 17 ) to a station on land.
Die in der Fig. 4 dargestellte Einrichtung entspricht grundsätzlich der Einrichtung der Fig. 3. Die Einrichtung der Fig. 4 besitzt allerdings noch zusätzlich einen Elektromotor (18), der bei zu geringem Druck des Förderproduktes die noch zusätzlich zum Antrieb der Kraftmaschinen (14) und (15) notwendige Energie aufbringt. Ein solcher Elektromotor (18) muß selbstverständlich bei solchen Bohrlöchern vorgesehen werden, deren Druck schon zu Beginn der Ausbeutungsphase nicht zur Aufbringung der für den Antrieb der Arbeitsmaschinen notwendigen Energie ausreicht. Er kann aber auch vorsorglich bei solchen Feldern installiert werden, bei denen mit einer Druckabsenkung während der Ausbeutung zu rechnen ist. Da von dem Elektromotor (18) lediglich eine zusätzliche Energie aufzubringen ist, kann er relativ klein sein, das Kabel für die Stromversorgung bleibt dabei vergleichsweise dünn. Bei einer vorsorglichen Anordnung des Elektromotors (18), d. h. also bei einem über einen längeren Zeitraum erfolgenden Antrieb des Elektromotors (18) durch die EGT (8), läßt sich der Elektromotor (18) als Generator nutzen. Die erzeugte elektrische Energie kann dabei anderweitig eingesetzt werden.The device shown in FIG. 4 basically corresponds to the device of FIG. 3. However, the device of FIG. 4 additionally has an electric motor ( 18 ) which, if the pressure of the conveyed product is too low, also drives the engines ( 14 ). and ( 15 ) applies the necessary energy. Such an electric motor ( 18 ) must of course be provided in such boreholes, the pressure of which, at the beginning of the exploitation phase, is not sufficient to apply the energy required to drive the working machines. As a precaution, however, it can also be installed in fields where a drop in pressure is to be expected during the exploitation. Since only additional energy has to be applied by the electric motor ( 18 ), it can be relatively small, the cable for the power supply remaining comparatively thin. In a precautionary arrangement of the electric motor (18), so that at a taking place over an extended period of driving the electric motor (18) through the EGT (8), the electric motor (18) can be used as a generator. The electrical energy generated can be used elsewhere.
In der Fig. 5 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung dargestellt, bei der ein durch die EGT (8) angetriebener Generator (19) seinen Strom an den Elektromotor (20) eines weiteren erfindungs gemäß ausgebildeten Aggregates (21) liefert. Dieses Aggregat (21) entspricht der in der Fig. 4 dargestellten Einrichtung. Das solchermaßen praktizierte Verbundsystem erspart komplizierte Kabelzuführungen von einer Plattform oder von der Küste her.In FIG. 5 shows a device according to the invention is shown in which a generator driven by the EGT (8) generator (19) of a further fiction, designed according unit (21) delivers its power to the electric motor (20). This unit ( 21 ) corresponds to the device shown in FIG. 4. The interconnection system practiced in this way saves complicated cable feeds from a platform or from the coast.
Die in der Fig. 6 dargestellte Variante arbeitet ebenfalls mit einer EGT (8) und einer Pumpe (14), verzichtet aber auf einen Kompressor zur Förderung des in einem Separator (11) ausgeschiedenen Erdgases. Hier wird das aus dem Bohrloch (1) strömende Mehrphasengemisch in der EGT (8) auf einen Druck entspannt, der noch ausreichend hoch ist, um das Erdgas ohne Hilfsmittel zu einer auf einer Plattform oder an Land befindlichen Station zu fördern.The variant shown in FIG. 6 also works with an EGT ( 8 ) and a pump ( 14 ), but dispenses with a compressor for conveying the natural gas excreted in a separator ( 11 ). Here, the multiphase mixture flowing out of the borehole ( 1 ) is expanded in the EGT ( 8 ) to a pressure which is still high enough to convey the natural gas to a station on a platform or on land without any aids.
Die in den Ausführungsbeispielen dargestellten Einrichtungen lassen sich selbstverständlich an andere individuelle Einsatz bedingungen anpassen. So kann beispielsweise eine der Energie gewinnung dienende erste Druckabsenkung am Bohrloch erfolgen, während eine zweite, der Trennung des Förderproduktes unmittel bar vorausgehende Druckabsenkung auf einer Förderplattform vorgenommen wird. The devices shown in the exemplary embodiments can of course be used for other individual purposes adjust conditions. For example, one of the energy extraction of the first pressure at the borehole, while a second, the separation of the product immediately bar previous pressure reduction on a conveyor platform is made.
Es ist im übrigen zwar vorteilhaft, die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung in der Nähe des Bohrloches anzuordnen, dies ist aber keine Voraussetzung für die Nutzung des erfindungs gemäßen Verfahrens. Grundsätzlich kann eine solche Einrichtung auch auf einer Förderplattform oder an Land angeordnet sein.It is admittedly advantageous for the rest of the invention Place equipment near the borehole, this is not a requirement for the use of the invention according to the procedure. Basically, such Establishment also on a support platform or on land be arranged.
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3810951A DE3810951A1 (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1988-03-31 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GENERATING ENERGY FROM OIL SOURCES |
BR898907319A BR8907319A (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1989-03-13 | PROCESS AND EQUIPMENT TO OBTAIN ENERGY FROM PETROLEUM WELLS |
US07/585,124 US5117908A (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1989-03-13 | Method and equipment for obtaining energy from oil wells |
JP1502951A JPH03503555A (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1989-03-13 | Method and apparatus for obtaining energy from petroleum sources |
DE8989903145T DE58902156D1 (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1989-03-13 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING ENERGY FROM OIL SOURCES. |
IN202CA1989 IN172462B (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1989-03-13 | |
PCT/EP1989/000264 WO1989009323A1 (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1989-03-13 | Process and installation for recuperation of energy from oil wells |
AT89903145T ATE79918T1 (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1989-03-13 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GENERATING ENERGY FROM OIL SOURCES. |
EP89903145A EP0407408B1 (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1989-03-13 | Process and installation for recuperation of energy from oil wells |
CN89102596A CN1017464B (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1989-03-30 | Method and apparatus for utilizing oil well energy |
NO90903434A NO903434L (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1990-08-06 | DEVICE FOR ENERGY EXTRACTION FROM OIL BURNER. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3810951A DE3810951A1 (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1988-03-31 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GENERATING ENERGY FROM OIL SOURCES |
IN202CA1989 IN172462B (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1989-03-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3810951A1 true DE3810951A1 (en) | 1989-10-12 |
Family
ID=25866583
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE3810951A Withdrawn DE3810951A1 (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1988-03-31 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GENERATING ENERGY FROM OIL SOURCES |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5117908A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0407408B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH03503555A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3810951A1 (en) |
IN (1) | IN172462B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1989009323A1 (en) |
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- 1989-03-13 EP EP89903145A patent/EP0407408B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-03-13 JP JP1502951A patent/JPH03503555A/en active Pending
- 1989-03-13 US US07/585,124 patent/US5117908A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-03-13 WO PCT/EP1989/000264 patent/WO1989009323A1/en active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IN172462B (en) | 1993-08-14 |
EP0407408B1 (en) | 1992-08-26 |
WO1989009323A1 (en) | 1989-10-05 |
EP0407408A1 (en) | 1991-01-16 |
JPH03503555A (en) | 1991-08-08 |
US5117908A (en) | 1992-06-02 |
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