DE3733501A1 - Process for reducing emissions in the operation of stationary internal-combustion engines - Google Patents
Process for reducing emissions in the operation of stationary internal-combustion enginesInfo
- Publication number
- DE3733501A1 DE3733501A1 DE19873733501 DE3733501A DE3733501A1 DE 3733501 A1 DE3733501 A1 DE 3733501A1 DE 19873733501 DE19873733501 DE 19873733501 DE 3733501 A DE3733501 A DE 3733501A DE 3733501 A1 DE3733501 A1 DE 3733501A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- stage
- ammonia
- exhaust gas
- carbon monoxide
- reduction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Verminderung der Stickoxid-, Kohlenwasserstoff- und Kohlenmonoxid-Emissio nen beim Betrieb von Verbrennungsmotoren, insbesondere statio nären Verbrennungsmotoren, mit Luftzahlen größer als 1.The invention relates to a method for reduction the nitrogen oxide, hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions NEN when operating internal combustion engines, especially statio domestic combustion engines with air ratios greater than 1.
Infolge sich ständig verstärkender Bemühungen im Umweltschutz bereich ist es wünschenswert, die Schadstoffemissionen von Verbrennungsmotoren auf ein Minimum zu reduzieren. Insbesonde re wird es notwendig, die drei Schadstoffhauptgruppen: Stick oxide, Kohlenwasserstoffe und Kohlenmonoxid gleichzeitig so gering wie möglich halten zu können.As a result of ever increasing efforts in environmental protection area, it is desirable to reduce pollutant emissions from Reduce internal combustion engines to a minimum. In particular re it becomes necessary to stick to the three main pollutant groups: stick oxides, hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide at the same time to keep it as low as possible.
Aus Fig. 1 lassen sich die relativen Verhältnisse der Schad stoffrestemissionen im Abgas eines Verbrennungsmotors an NO x , CO und CH x in Abhängigkeit von der Luftzahl λ entneh men. Um alle drei in Fig. 1 repräsentierten Schadstoffgruppen weitgehend zu entfernen, werden häufig Drei-Wege-Katalysatoren eingesetzt. Diese Katalysatoren haben den entscheidenden Nach teil, daß sie nur in einem sehr engen Luftzahlbereich (in Fig. 1 Bereich 1) - einem sogenannten λ-Fenster - nahe der Luftzahl λ = 1 einsetzbar sind. Werden Motoren bei Luftzahlen größer als 1 betrieben, läßt sich ein Drei-Wege-Katalysator zur Ent fernung der Schadstoffkomponenten nicht sinnvoll einsetzen, da besonders ein höherer Sauerstoffgehalt die Katalysatorwirkung stark beeinträchtigt.From FIG. 1, the relative proportions of the harmful emissions in the exhaust gas can radical of an internal combustion engine of NO x, CO and CH x in a function of the air coefficient λ entneh men. In order to largely remove all three pollutant groups represented in FIG. 1, three-way catalysts are often used. These catalysts have the decisive after part that they can only be used in a very narrow air ratio range (in Fig. 1 area 1) - a so-called λ window - close to the air ratio λ = 1. If engines are operated with an air ratio greater than 1, a three-way catalytic converter cannot be used sensibly to remove the pollutant components, since a higher oxygen content in particular severely impairs the catalytic effect.
Eine weitere bekannte Möglichkeit zur Verminderung der Schad stoffe im Abgas besteht darin, eine Schadstoffart durch geeig netes Einstellen der Betriebswerte, insbesondere der Luftzahl, von vornherein klein zu halten und sich bei der katalytischen Schadstoffverminderung auf die selektive Entfernung einzelner anderer Schadstoffarten zu beschränken. So ist es unter Um ständen möglich, die Luftzahl λ so einzustellen, daß die Koh lenmonoxid- und Kohlenwasserstoffkonzentrationen bereits im unbehandelten Abgas unter den Grenzwerten der TA-Luft liegen, so daß nur noch die Stickoxidemission durch Nachbehandeln beispielsweise mit selektiver katalytischer Reduktion (SCR) vermindert werden muß. Bei den in Fig. 1 wiedergegebenen Ver hältnissen ist dieses Verfahren etwa bei Luftzahlen um 1,2 (in Fig. 1 Bereich 2) sinnvoll anwendbar.Another known way of reducing the pollutants in the exhaust gas is to keep a type of pollutant small from the outset by appropriately setting the operating values, in particular the air ratio, and to limit the catalytic pollutant reduction to the selective removal of individual other types of pollutants. So it is possible to adjust the air ratio λ so that the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon concentrations in the untreated exhaust gas are below the limit values of TA-Luft, so that only the nitrogen oxide emissions through aftertreatment, for example with selective catalytic reduction (SCR) must be reduced. In the ratios shown in Fig. 1, this method is usable approximately at air numbers around 1.2 (in Fig. 1 area 2).
Eine weitere bekannte Verfahrensweise besteht darin, die Stickoxidkonzentration im Abgas durch Einstellen des λ-Wertes bei entsprechenden Betriebsbedingungen so gering zu halten, daß nur noch Kohlenmonoxid und Kohlenwasserstoffe katalytisch oxidativ behandelt zu werden brauchen. Ein für dieses Verfah ren geeigneter Bereich 3 beginnt gemäß Darstellung in Fig. 1 an einem Punkt 8, bei dem die Stickoxidkonzentration unter dem zulässigen TA-Luft Grenzwert liegt.Another known procedure consists in keeping the nitrogen oxide concentration in the exhaust gas so low by adjusting the λ value under appropriate operating conditions that only carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons need to be treated catalytically and oxidatively. A region 3 suitable for this process begins, as shown in FIG. 1, at a point 8 at which the nitrogen oxide concentration is below the permissible TA air limit.
Die letztgenannten Verfahren lassen sich jedoch nur anwenden, wenn unter sinnvollen Betriebsbedingungen die erforderlichen λ-Werte eingestellt werden können und wenn der Gesetzgeber die Emissionsgrenzwerte in Zukunft nicht zu sehr senkt, da unver meidlich bestimmte Mengen der jeweils unbehandelten Schad stoffkomponenten durchgelassen werden.However, the latter methods can only be used if the necessary λ values can be set under sensible operating conditions and if the legislator does not lower the emission limit values too much in the future, since certain quantities of the untreated pollutant components are inevitably allowed to pass through.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein insbesondere für größere stationäre Motoren geeignetes Verfahren anzugeben, bei dem die Emissionen sowohl an Stickoxiden als auch an Kohlen wasserstoffen und an Kohlenmonoxid selbst bei Luftzahlen größer als 1 gering und zuverlässig unter den Grenzwerten der TA-Luft gehalten werden.It is therefore an object of the invention, in particular for larger stationary motors to specify a suitable process for emissions of both nitrogen oxides and coal Hydrogen and carbon monoxide even with air numbers greater than 1 low and reliably below the limits of the TA-Luft are kept.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe sieht die Erfindung ein gattungsge mäßes Verfahren vor, das in zwei Stufen durchgeführt wird, wobei in der ersten Stufe Stickoxide mit Ammoniak so an einem Katalysator (Reduktionskontakt) reduziert werden, daß aus reichend Sauerstoff für die zweite Verfahrensstufe verbleibt, und in der zweiten Stufe Kohlenwasserstoffe, Kohlenmonoxid sowie überschüssiger Ammoniak an einem weiteren Katalysator (Oxidationskontakt) mit dem im Abgas vorhandenen Restsauer stoff oxidiert werden.To achieve this object, the invention provides a genus moderate procedure, which is carried out in two stages, whereby in the first stage nitrogen oxides with ammonia on one Catalyst (reduction contact) that are reduced from sufficient oxygen remains for the second process stage, and in the second stage hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide as well as excess ammonia on another catalyst (Oxidation contact) with the residual acid present in the exhaust gas be oxidized.
Ein wesentlicher Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besteht darin, daß es prinzipiell bei allen Luftzahlen größer als 1 anwendbar ist und dabei gleichzeitig alle drei Schad stoffarten, nämlich Stickoxide, Kohlenwasserstoffe und Kohlen monoxid weitgehend abbaut. Dadurch daß der Oxidationskatalysa tor dem Reduktionskatalysator nachgeschaltet ist, kann zusätz lich der Ammoniakschlupf aus der Reduktionsstufe kontrolliert werden.A major advantage of the method according to the invention is that it is basically larger for all air numbers is applicable as 1 and at the same time all three harm Types of substances, namely nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons and coal largely breaks down monoxide. The fact that the oxidation catalytic converter Tor is connected downstream of the reduction catalyst, additional the ammonia slip from the reduction stage is checked will.
Vorzugsweise wird die Reduktion über einem Vanadinpentoxid- Kontakt durchgeführt, und der Ammoniak wird dem Abgas zudo siert, bevor dieses den Katalysator erreicht.The reduction is preferably carried out over a vanadium pentoxide Contact is carried out, and the ammonia is added to the exhaust gas before it reaches the catalyst.
In zweckmäßiger Weiterbildung der Erfindung werden beide Kata lysatoren hintereinander in einem Reaktor derart eingesetzt, daß das Abgas des Motors zuerst den Reduktionskontakt und danach den Oxidationskontakt passiert.In an expedient development of the invention, both kata analyzers used one after the other in a reactor, that the exhaust gas of the engine first the reduction contact and then the oxidation contact happens.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels beschrieben. Es zeigt.In the following the invention based on one in the drawing described schematically illustrated embodiment. It shows.
Fig. 1 ein Schadstoffdiagramm, das ein Beispiel für die Abhängigkeit des Gehalts an NO x , CO und CH x von der Luftzahl λ veranschaulicht; und Figure 1 is a pollutant diagram illustrating an example of the dependence of the content of NO x , CO and CH x on the air ratio λ . and
Fig. 2 eine Prinzipskizze einer Katalysatoranordnung und der zugehörigen Abgasströme bei dem be schriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a catalyst arrangement and the associated exhaust gas flows in the described embodiment of the invention be.
Aus Fig. 1 entnimmt man die relativen Verhältnisse der Schad stoffrestemissionen an NO x , CO und CH x in Abhängigkeit von der Luftzahl λ. Die von gestrichelten Linien eingegrenzten Bereiche 1-3 geben die bislang vom Stande der Technik abge deckten Arbeitsgebiete für die Abgasreinigung an. Das enge λ-Fenster um λ = 1 (in Fig. 1 Bereich 1) gibt den Arbeitsbe reich eines Dreiwegekatalysators an, der nur in diesem engen Luftzahlbereich in effektiver Weise bewirkt, daß alle drei Hauptschadstoffgruppen abgebaut werden. Bei höheren Sauer stoffkonzentrationen werden die Stickoxide meist selektiv katalytisch reduziert, beispielsweise über einen Vanadinpent oxidkontakt, da dabei der Sauerstoff nicht stört. Diese selek tiven Reduktionskatalysatoren können jedoch weder Kohlenwas serstoffe noch Kohlenmonoxid abbauen. Die selektive katalyti sche Reduktion (SCR) allein eignet sich daher in einem Bereich 2 zur Abgasreinigung, in dem die CO-Werte (Kohlenmonoxidwerte) zwischen 5 und 6 und die CH x -Werte (Kohlenwasserstoffwerte) zwischen 4 und 7 die zulässigen Emissionshöchstwerte nicht überschreiten. Werden Motoren bei noch höheren Luftzahlen betrieben, steigen die Kohlenwasserstoff- und Kohlenmonoxid werte im Abgas wieder beträchtlich an, während die Stickoxid werte zurückgehen. In einem Bereich 3, in dem der Stickoxidge halt im Abgas unter den Grenzwert der TA-Luft abgesunken ist - d. h. in dem die NO x -Konzentration kleiner oder gleich der jenigen in Punkt 8 des Diagramms ist - kann sich die Abgas reinigung auf die Entfernung von Kohlenwasserstoffen und Koh lenmonoxid beschränken. Hierzu können verschiedene Oxidations katalysatoren eingesetzt werden. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfah ren erlaubt es nun, die Abgasreinigung sowohl in den Bereichen 1, 2 und 3 als auch zwischen diesen Bereichen durchzuführen. Dabei werden stets alle drei Schadstoffkomponenten abgebaut. Die durch die Kurven CO und CH x in Bereich 2 und die Kurve NO x in Bereich 3 bestimmten und durch die zuvor genannten Verfahren unbeeinflußbaren Restemissionen können mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren weiter unterschritten werden.From Fig. 1 it extracts the relative proportions of harmful material residual emissions of NO x, CO and CH x λ depending on the air ratio. The areas 1-3 delimited by dashed lines indicate the areas of work for exhaust gas purification previously covered by the prior art. The narrow λ window around λ = 1 (in Fig. 1 area 1) indicates the working area of a three-way catalyst, which only in this narrow air ratio range effectively causes all three main pollutant groups to be broken down. At higher oxygen concentrations, the nitrogen oxides are usually selectively reduced catalytically, for example via a vanadium pent oxide contact, since the oxygen does not interfere. However, these selective reduction catalysts cannot degrade hydrocarbons or carbon monoxide. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) alone is therefore suitable for area 2 for exhaust gas purification, in which the CO values (carbon monoxide values) between 5 and 6 and the CH x values (hydrocarbon values) between 4 and 7 do not exceed the permissible maximum emissions . If engines are operated with even higher air ratios, the hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide values in the exhaust gas rise again considerably, while the nitrogen oxide values decrease. In a region 3 in which the nitrogen oxide in the exhaust gas has dropped below the limit value of the TA-Luft - ie in which the NO x concentration is less than or equal to that in point 8 of the diagram - the exhaust gas cleaning can be at a distance restrict hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. Various oxidation catalysts can be used for this. The process according to the invention now allows exhaust gas purification to be carried out both in areas 1, 2 and 3 and between these areas. All three pollutant components are always broken down. The residual emissions determined by the curves CO and CH x in area 2 and the curve NO x in area 3 and which cannot be influenced by the aforementioned methods can be further reduced with the method according to the invention.
Fig. 2 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel mit einem Reaktor 10, in dem zwei unterschiedliche Katalysatoren 30 und 40 hintereinan der eingesetzt sind. Das ungereinigte Abgas wird über den Weg 20 von einem in der Zeichnung nicht gezeigten Verbrennungsmo tor aus dem Reaktor 10 zugeführt und passiert nacheinander den als Reduktionskontakt ausgebildeten Katalysator 30 und der als Oxidationskontakt ausgebildeten Katalysator 40. Das gereinigte Abgas wird über Weg 60 vom Reaktor abgeführt. Der zur NO x - Reduktion in der ersten Katalysatorstufe benötigte Ammoniak wird dem ungereinigten Abgas über Weg 50 zudosiert, bevor das Abgas den Reduktionskontakt 30 erreicht. Entlang des Redukti onskontaktes 30 werden die Stickoxide weitgehend durch Ammoniak unter zusätzlichem Verbrauch von Sauerstoff zu Stickstoff und Wasser reduziert. Das von Stickoxiden weitgehend befreite Abgas passiert daraufhin den Oxidationskontakt 40, über dem mit Hilfe des im Abgas vorhandenen Restsauerstoffs Kohlenmon oxid, Kohlenwasserstoffe sowie überschüssiger Ammoniak oxi diert werden. Als Reaktionsprodukte entstehen in der zweiten katalytischen Stufe über Oxidationskontakt 40 Wasser, Kohlen dioxid, Stickstoff und geringe Mengen rückgebildeter Stickoxi de. Ein Ammoniakschlupf aus der ersten katalytischen Stufe über Reduktionskontakt 30 wird durch die nachgeschaltete Oxi dationsstufe vermindert, wobei auf unerwünschte Nebenreaktio nen zu Stickoxiden geachtet werden sollte. Fig. 2 shows an embodiment with a reactor 10 , in which two different catalysts 30 and 40 are used one behind the other. The unpurified exhaust gas is fed via the path 20 from a combustion engine (not shown in the drawing) from the reactor 10 and successively passes through the catalyst 30 designed as a reduction contact and the catalyst 40 designed as an oxidation contact. The cleaned exhaust gas is removed from the reactor via path 60 . The ammonia required for NO x reduction in the first catalyst stage is metered into the unpurified exhaust gas via path 50 before the exhaust gas reaches the reduction contact 30 . Along the reduction contact 30 , the nitrogen oxides are largely reduced by ammonia with additional consumption of oxygen to nitrogen and water. The exhaust gas largely freed from nitrogen oxides then passes through the oxidation contact 40 , via which carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and excess ammonia are oxidized with the aid of the residual oxygen present in the exhaust gas. As reaction products, 40 water, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and small amounts of re-formed nitrogen oxides are formed in the second catalytic stage via oxidation contact. An ammonia slip from the first catalytic stage via reduction contact 30 is reduced by the downstream oxidation stage, attention being paid to undesirable side reactions to nitrogen oxides.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19873733501 DE3733501A1 (en) | 1987-10-03 | 1987-10-03 | Process for reducing emissions in the operation of stationary internal-combustion engines |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19873733501 DE3733501A1 (en) | 1987-10-03 | 1987-10-03 | Process for reducing emissions in the operation of stationary internal-combustion engines |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3733501A1 true DE3733501A1 (en) | 1989-04-13 |
Family
ID=6337574
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19873733501 Withdrawn DE3733501A1 (en) | 1987-10-03 | 1987-10-03 | Process for reducing emissions in the operation of stationary internal-combustion engines |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3733501A1 (en) |
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0410440A1 (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1991-01-30 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Catalyst for purification of gases from overstoichiometric process in combustion motors and gas turbines |
| WO1991012878A1 (en) * | 1990-02-23 | 1991-09-05 | Laboratorium Katalizy Stosowanej 'swingtherm', Sp.Z O.O. | Method for catalytic gas cleaning |
| ES2036473A1 (en) * | 1990-10-10 | 1993-05-16 | Didier Werke Ag | Catalytic appts. for reducing nitrogen oxide(s) in I.C. engine exhaust - has catalyst bed of different materials active in different temp. ranges of exhaust gas |
| EP0558452A1 (en) * | 1992-02-24 | 1993-09-01 | Hans Thomas Hug | Purification of combustion gases |
| EP1095692A1 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2001-05-02 | Travaux Du Sud-Ouest | Process and installation for purification of exhaust gases from internal combustion engines |
| EP1226862A2 (en) * | 2001-01-30 | 2002-07-31 | Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft | Process and device for the production of a gas mixture containing CO2 to fertilize hothouse plants |
| DE19924215C2 (en) * | 1998-05-28 | 2003-02-06 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Emission control device for an internal combustion engine |
| EP1876331A2 (en) | 2006-07-08 | 2008-01-09 | MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG | Assembly for reducing nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases |
| DE102006031650B4 (en) * | 2006-07-08 | 2014-11-20 | Man Truck & Bus Ag | Arrangement for reducing nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases |
| EP1784258B1 (en) | 2004-08-23 | 2015-05-13 | BASF Corporation | ZONE COATED CATALYST, CATALYST SYSTEM AND METHOD TO SIMULTANEOUSLY REDUCE NOx AND UNREACTED AMMONIA |
| WO2015130213A1 (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-03 | Scania Cv Ab | Exhaust treatment system and method for treatment of an exhaust stream |
| US10344647B2 (en) | 2015-08-27 | 2019-07-09 | Scania Cv Ab | Method and system for a first and a second supply of additive to an exhaust gas stream from an internal combustion engine |
| US10495569B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2019-12-03 | Scania Cv Ab | Method and a system for determining a composition of a gas mix in a vehicle |
| US10724460B2 (en) | 2015-08-27 | 2020-07-28 | Scania Cv Ab | Method and system for treatment of an exhaust gas stream |
| US10807041B2 (en) | 2015-08-27 | 2020-10-20 | Scania Cv Ab | Exhaust treatment system and method for treatment of an exhaust gas stream |
| US10837338B2 (en) | 2015-08-27 | 2020-11-17 | Scania Cv Ab | Method and exhaust treatment system for treatment of an exhaust gas stream |
| US10920632B2 (en) | 2015-08-27 | 2021-02-16 | Scania Cv Ab | Method and exhaust treatment system for treatment of an exhaust gas stream |
| US11007481B2 (en) | 2015-08-27 | 2021-05-18 | Scania Cv Ab | Exhaust treatment system and method for treatment of an exhaust gas stream |
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| ES2036473A1 (en) * | 1990-10-10 | 1993-05-16 | Didier Werke Ag | Catalytic appts. for reducing nitrogen oxide(s) in I.C. engine exhaust - has catalyst bed of different materials active in different temp. ranges of exhaust gas |
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| EP0558452A1 (en) * | 1992-02-24 | 1993-09-01 | Hans Thomas Hug | Purification of combustion gases |
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