DE3533211A1 - Parabolic antenna for directional-radio systems - Google Patents
Parabolic antenna for directional-radio systemsInfo
- Publication number
- DE3533211A1 DE3533211A1 DE19853533211 DE3533211A DE3533211A1 DE 3533211 A1 DE3533211 A1 DE 3533211A1 DE 19853533211 DE19853533211 DE 19853533211 DE 3533211 A DE3533211 A DE 3533211A DE 3533211 A1 DE3533211 A1 DE 3533211A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- reflector
- parabolic antenna
- radome
- ring
- collar
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
- H01Q17/001—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems for modifying the directional characteristic of an aerial
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Parabolantenne nach dem Ober begriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a parabolic antenna according to the upper Concept of claim 1.
Parabolantennen mit einem schützenden Radom zu versehen, ist bekannt. Bei der Ausführung nach der DE-PS 26 18 120 bildet der Reflektor eine Wand eines Gehäuses, in dem die Geräte (Sender, Empfänger, usw.) einer Richtfunkstation wettergeschützt untergebracht sind, und das beispiels weise an einem Mast im Freien befestigt ist. Um ein Ver eisen der Antenne zu verhindern, ist ein Radom, eine Schutzhaube am Reflektor angeflanscht. Dieses Radom ist nach außen gewölbt und aus einem Kunststoff hergestellt, der den Strahlengang nicht nennenswert behindert, ande rerseits aber wetterfest ist. Es schützt nicht nur den Reflektor und Strahler vor Ablagerungen, die sich nach teilig auf die Antenneneigenschaften auswirken können, sondern seine Form verhindert weitgehend den Ansatz von Schnee und Eis auf seiner Außenseite. To provide parabolic antennas with a protective radome, is known. In the execution according to DE-PS 26 18 120 the reflector forms a wall of a housing in which the Devices (transmitters, receivers, etc.) of a radio relay station are sheltered from the weather, for example is attached to an outdoor mast. To be a ver Preventing iron from the antenna is a radome, one Protective cover flanged to the reflector. This radome is curved outwards and made of a plastic, that does not significantly obstruct the beam path, others on the other hand is weatherproof. It doesn't just protect that Reflector and spotlight in front of deposits that follow can partially affect the antenna properties, its shape largely prevents the onset of Snow and ice on its outside.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das schützende Kunststoffradom zugleich dazu zu benutzen, die Rück dämpfung der Antenne zu verbessern. Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch die im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 ange gebenen Merkmale. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.The invention has for its object the protective Plastic radome to use at the same time, the back to improve antenna attenuation. This is solved Task by the in the characterizing part of claim 1 given characteristics. Advantageous further developments are See subclaims.
Die Erfindung wird an Ausführungsbeispielen näher be schrieben, die in den zugehörigen Zeichnungen dargestellt sind. Darin zeigen:The invention is based on exemplary embodiments be wrote that are shown in the accompanying drawings are. In it show:
Fig. 1 eine Parabolantenne mit vorgesetztem Radom mit Dämpfungsringen und kegeliger Spitze, im Längs schnitt; Figure 1 is a parabolic antenna with a front radome with damping rings and tapered tip, in longitudinal section.
Fig. 2 eine Parabolantenne mit vorgesetztem Radom mit Dämpfungsringen, dessen Vorderseite bogenförmig gewölbt nach unten zurückspringt, im Längs schnitt; Figure 2 is a parabolic antenna with a radome with damping rings, the front of which arched downward arched down, in longitudinal section.
Fig. 3 eine Parabolantenne mit vorgesetztem Radom mit Dämpfungsringen, dessen Vorderseite von einer zur Achse geneigten Ebene gebildet wird, im Längsschnitt; Fig. A parabolic antenna with projecting radome with damping rings, the front of which is formed from an inclined to the axis 3, in longitudinal section;
Fig. 4 einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 1 mit dem Rand des Radoms, geschnitten, und Fig. 4 shows an enlarged detail from Fig. 1 with the edge of the radome, cut, and
Fig. 5 die Abwicklung der Dämpfungsringe. Fig. 5 the handling of the damping rings.
In den Fig. 1 bis 3 sind drei verschiedene Parabol antennen geschnitten dargestellt, die sich im wesent lichen nur durch die Form des vor den Reflektor 1 ge setzten Radoms unterscheiden. Der Reflektor 1 ist Be standteil eines Gehäuses 3, das Geräte für den Richtfunk betrieb, wie Sender, Empfänger, Stromversorgung usw. ent hält und ihnen Schutz gegen Witterungseinflüsse bietet.In Figs. 1 to 3 show three different satellite are shown cut antennae, the union in the Wesent differ only by the shape of the front of the reflector 1 ge translated radome. The reflector 1 is part of a housing Be 3 , the devices for radio relay operation, such as transmitter, receiver, power supply, etc. ent ent and offers protection against the weather.
Um den Reflektor 1 gegen Witterungseinflüsse zu schützen, die seine Strahlungseigenschaften nachteilig beeinflussen können, ist dieser mit einem Radom 6, 12 oder 13 ver sehen. Diese Schutzhaube verhindert z.B. Schnee- und Eis ablagerungen auf dem Reflektor, die die Antenneneigen schaften beeinträchtigen würden. Bei der Doppelreflektor antenne nach Fig. 1 ist vor dem Hauptreflektor 1 ein Hilfsreflektor 4 angebracht, der von einem in der Nähe des Spiegelscheitels befindlichen Primärstrahler 2 aus geleuchtet wird. Letzterer und der Hilfsreflektor 4 sind bei den beiden anderen Ausführungen nach Fig. 2 und 3 nicht gezeigt, da es sich auch um einfache Reflektor antennen, also ohne Subreflektor, handeln kann.In order to protect the reflector 1 against the weather, which can adversely affect its radiation properties, this is seen with a radome 6 , 12 or 13 ver. This protective hood prevents snow and ice deposits on the reflector, for example, which would affect the antenna properties. In the double reflector antenna of FIG. 1, an auxiliary reflector 4 is attached in front of the main reflector 1 , which is illuminated from a primary radiator 2 located near the mirror apex. The latter and the auxiliary reflector 4 are not shown in the other two embodiments according to FIGS. 2 and 3, since antennas can also be simple reflector, that is to say without a subreflector.
Bei der Antenne nach Fig. 1 ist an den Rand 5 des Re flektors ein Radom 6 angeflanscht, das aus einem zylin drischen Kragen 7 und einem stumpfen Kegel 8 mit abgerun deter Spitze besteht, die nahtlos ineinander übergehen. Dieses Radom ist zweckmäßig aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff hergestellt. Die Dicke ist unterschiedlich und den statischen und dynamischen Forderungen angepaßt. Sie ist zumindest im Bereich des Kegels wesentlich kleiner als die Wellenlänge der elektromagnetischen Strahlung, die dünnste Stelle liegt an der gerundeten Spitze des Kegels 8. Auf der Innenseite des zylindrischen Kragens 7 ist ein Ring 9 aus Metallfolie angebracht, über den ein weiterer Ring 10 aus Absorbermaterial gelegt ist. Die Ab wicklung der beiden Ringe ist in Fig. 5 wiedergegeben. Ihre Breite entspricht etwa der kleinsten Kragenlänge.In the antenna of FIG. 1, a radome 6 is flanged to the edge 5 of the reflector, which consists of a cylindrical collar 7 and a blunt cone 8 with rounded tip, which merge seamlessly into one another. This radome is suitably made of glass fiber reinforced plastic. The thickness is different and adapted to the static and dynamic requirements. At least in the region of the cone, it is substantially smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation, the thinnest point lies at the rounded tip of the cone 8 . On the inside of the cylindrical collar 7 , a ring 9 made of metal foil is attached, over which another ring 10 made of absorber material is placed. From the development of the two rings is shown in Fig. 5. Their width corresponds approximately to the smallest collar length.
Das Radom 12 der Ausführung nach Fig. 2 ist ebenfalls am Reflektor 1 angeflanscht, hat aber anstelle des Kegels eine nach außen gewölbte Stirnseite 11 an dem zylindri schen Kragen 7. Zweckmäßig ist das Radom 12 wiederum ein stückig aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff hergestellt. Der Kragen ist unten kürzer als oben, die Wölbung weicht also nach unten zurück, womit schädliche Ablagerungen an der Stirnseite weitgehend ausgeschlossen werden. Dies gilt auch für das Radom 13 der Ausführung nach Fig. 3, bei dem die Stirnseite des zylindrischen Kragens 7 nicht gewölbt, sondern durch eine ebene Bespannung 14 ver schlossen ist. Die Ebene ist leicht nach vorn geneigt, so daß sich auch bei dieser Ausführung für die Strahlung schädliche Partikel kaum anlagern können. Die Bespannung 14 ist ein kuntstoffbeschichtetes Glasfasertuch oder eine glasfaserverstärkte Kunststoffolie. Was die Anordnung der Ringe 9 und 10 im Kragen 7 anbetrifft, so gleichen die drei Ausführungen (Fig. 1 bis 3) einander.The radome 12 of the embodiment according to FIG. 2 is also flanged to the reflector 1 , but instead of the cone has an outwardly curved end face 11 on the cylindrical collar 7 . The radome 12 is in turn expediently produced in one piece from glass fiber reinforced plastic. The collar is shorter at the bottom than at the top, so the curvature shrinks backwards, largely eliminating harmful deposits on the front. This also applies to the radome 13 of the embodiment according to FIG. 3, in which the end face of the cylindrical collar 7 is not curved, but is closed by a flat covering 14 . The plane is inclined slightly forward, so that particles harmful to the radiation can hardly accumulate even in this embodiment. The covering 14 is a plastic-coated glass fiber cloth or a glass fiber reinforced plastic film. As far as the arrangement of the rings 9 and 10 in the collar 7 is concerned, the three versions ( FIGS. 1 to 3) are identical to one another.
In Fig. 4 ist ein vergrößerter Querschnitt durch den Kragen nach Fig. 1 wiedergegeben. Daraus ist die Belegung seiner Innenseite mit dem Metallring 9 und dem Absorber ring 10 ersichtlich. Die den Ring 9 bildende Metallfolie besteht z.B. aus Aluminium und ist an den Kragen geklebt. Ihre Dicke beträgt mindestens ein Mehrfaches der Ein dringtiefe bei der Betriebsfrequenz. Die Dicke und der Typ des Rings 10 ist auf die Frequenz abgestimmt und be steht aus handelsüblichem Absorbermaterial . Der Zu schnitt beider Ringe 9 und 10 ist gleich und geht aus ihrer Abwicklung gemäß Fig. 5 hervor. Während die eine Längsseite G eines abgewickelten Ringes gerade verläuft, ist die gegenüberliegende Seite nicht parallel, sondern zick-zack-förmig geschnitten. Da die Schrägen der Zick-Zack-Linie B nur wenig gegen die Geraden P und G ge neigt sind, wirkt die Linie B relativ gestreckt. Letztere stellt jedoch nur eine Begrenzungslinie einer Zähnung Z dar, mit der diese Kante versehen ist. Die Zähne Z haben zwar alle die gleiche Höhe Hz, doch ist ihre Breite unterschiedlich. Die Verteilung der unterschiedlichen Zähne ist unregelmäßig und zufällig. Die beiden Enden der Abwicklung passen aneinander. Wie die Fig. 1 bis 4 er kennen lassen, ist die glatte Seite G der Ringe 9 und 10 dem Reflektor 1 zugewandt, die gezähnte Seite der Vorder seite des Radoms. Durch die Ringe 9 und 10 wird die Nebenzipfelcharakteristik der Antennen günstig beein flußt, indem Überstrahlung am Hauptreflektor 1 oder Streustrahlung, die durch Konturungenauigkeiten oder durch Subreflektorstützen entstehen, absorbiert werden. Da sich die Ringe einfach fertigen lassen, stellt ein solches Radom ein billiges Mittel zur Verbesserung der Antenneneigenschaften dar, bei dem Schutzeigenschaften gegen Witterungseinflüsse mit geringen HF-Verlusten und geringer Rückstrahlung vorteilhaft vereint sind.In FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-section is represented by the collar of FIG. 1. From this, the assignment of its inside with the metal ring 9 and the absorber ring 10 can be seen. The metal foil forming the ring 9 consists, for example, of aluminum and is glued to the collar. Its thickness is at least a multiple of a penetration depth at the operating frequency. The thickness and type of the ring 10 is tuned to the frequency and be made of commercially available absorber material. The cut to both rings 9 and 10 is the same and can be seen from their processing according to FIG. 5. While one longitudinal side G of a developed ring runs straight, the opposite side is not cut parallel, but in a zigzag shape. Since the slopes of the zigzag line B are only slightly inclined against the straight lines P and G , line B appears relatively stretched. The latter, however, only represents a boundary line of a perforation Z with which this edge is provided. The teeth Z all have the same height Hz , but their width is different. The distribution of the different teeth is irregular and random. The two ends of the settlement fit together. Blank as Figs. 1 to 4 it know, the smooth side G of the rings 9 and 10 facing the reflector 1, the serrated side of the front face of the radome. Through the rings 9 and 10 , the side lobe characteristic of the antennas is influenced favorably by overexposure to the main reflector 1 or scattered radiation, which are caused by contour inaccuracies or by subreflector supports, are absorbed. Since the rings can be easily manufactured, such a radome represents a cheap means of improving the antenna properties, in which protective properties against weather influences are advantageously combined with low RF losses and low retroreflection.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19853533211 DE3533211A1 (en) | 1985-09-18 | 1985-09-18 | Parabolic antenna for directional-radio systems |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19853533211 DE3533211A1 (en) | 1985-09-18 | 1985-09-18 | Parabolic antenna for directional-radio systems |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE3533211A1 true DE3533211A1 (en) | 1987-03-19 |
Family
ID=6281238
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE19853533211 Withdrawn DE3533211A1 (en) | 1985-09-18 | 1985-09-18 | Parabolic antenna for directional-radio systems |
Country Status (1)
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DE (1) | DE3533211A1 (en) |
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