DE288618C - - Google Patents

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Publication number
DE288618C
DE288618C DE1911288618D DE288618DA DE288618C DE 288618 C DE288618 C DE 288618C DE 1911288618 D DE1911288618 D DE 1911288618D DE 288618D A DE288618D A DE 288618DA DE 288618 C DE288618 C DE 288618C
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Germany
Prior art keywords
engine
cooler
liquid
piston
heat
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Expired
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DE1911288618D
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German (de)
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

— JVr 288618-KLASSE 46 d. GRUPPE- JVr 288618-CLASS 46 d. GROUP

LEOPOLD ROBERT in HAMBURG und ARNOLD J. IRINYI in ALTRAHLSTEDT.LEOPOLD ROBERT in HAMBURG and ARNOLD J. IRINYI in ALTRAHLSTEDT.

Treibmittel für Kraftmaschinen. Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 17. Oktober 1911 ab.Propellants for prime movers. Patented in the German Empire on October 17, 1911.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß die in die Reihe der Chloräthylene gehörenden Stoffe, deren Ausgangsmaterial Chlor und Acetylen ist, also z. B. Dichlorethylen (C2 H2 Cl2), Trichloräthylen (C2 H Cl3), Perchloräthylen (C2Cl4) usw., durch Nutzbarmachung der Änderung ihres Aggregatzustandes oder durch Änderung des Wärmezustandes ihrer Dämpfe für KrafterzeugungThe present invention is based on the knowledge that the substances belonging to the series of chloroethylenes, the starting material of which is chlorine and acetylene, ie z. B. dichloroethylene (C 2 H 2 Cl 2 ), trichlorethylene (C 2 H Cl 3 ), perchlorethylene (C 2 Cl 4 ), etc., by harnessing the change in their physical state or by changing the heat state of their vapors for power generation

1Q verwendbar sind. Die Chloräthylene haben nämlich ein sehr günstiges Verhältnis der Verdampfungswärme (latenten) zur spezifischen Wärme. Beispielsweise hat Dichloräthylen eine Siedetemperatur von 55 ° C und eine Ver- 1 Q can be used. The chloroethylenes have a very favorable ratio of the heat of evaporation (latent) to the specific heat. For example, dichloroethylene has a boiling point of 55 ° C and a

1S dampfungswärme von 71 W. E. oder nur 1I1 von derjenigen, welche zur Verdampfung des Wassers notwendig ist, wobei die spezifische Wärme des Dampfes nach Irinyi bei Dichloräthylen cp = 0,15, bei Tri cp = 0,11 und bei Per cp = 0,088 beträgt. Professor Mollier bestätigt gutachtlich die spezifische Dampfwärme von Dichloräthylen cp = 0,15 + 0,0003 t + 0,003 P» so daß bei dem Umstände, daß die Chloräthylene bei genügend hohen Temperaturen noch beständig sind, ein solches Verhältnis der nutzbaren Wärme zur Verdampfungswärme erreicht werden kann, welche einen viel größeren Nutzeffekt der Kraftmaschinen gegen Wasserdampfmaschinen ermöglicht. 1 S heat of steam of 71 units or only 1 I 1 of that which is necessary to evaporate the water, the specific heat of the steam according to Irinyi with dichloroethylene cp = 0.15, with Tri cp = 0.11 and with Per cp = Is 0.088. Professor Mollier confirms the specific steam heat of dichloroethylene cp = 0.15 + 0.0003 t + 0.003 P » so that given the circumstances that the chloroethylenes are still stable at sufficiently high temperatures, such a ratio of usable heat to heat of vaporization can be achieved which allows a much greater efficiency of the prime movers versus steam engines.

Diese Stoffe sind unverbrennbar, nicht giftig, selbstschmierend und greifen Metalle, insbesondere Eisen, nicht an.These substances are incombustible, non-toxic, self-lubricating and attack metals, in particular Iron, not on.

Fig. ι und 2 stellen Anlagen zum Betriebe von Kraftmaschinen mit Chloräthylen dar.Fig. Ι and 2 represent systems for the operation of prime movers with chloroethylene.

In Fig. ι bezeichnet A einen Dampfkessel, der z. B. als Gliederkessel ausgeführt sein und durch eine beliebige Heizquelle, z. B. mittels der Kohlenrostfeuerung B, geheizt werden kann. In diesem Kessel wird flüssiges Chloräthylen verdampft, das in an sich bekannter Weise einen Kreislauf ausführend in. die Kraftmaschine C (Kolbenmaschine, Turbine o. dgl.) und von hier in den Kühler D gelangt, wo die Dämpfe wieder verflüssigt werden, wobei sie ihre Wärme an die den Kühler durchstreichende Luft abgeben. Die Flüssigkeit wird durch die Pumpe E wieder in den Kessel geleitet, von wo aus sie ihren Kreislauf von neuem beginnt, während die den Kühler im Gegenstrom durchströmende Luft wieder der Feuerung mittels der Leitung G zugeleitet wird, gegebenenfalls unter Einschaltung eines Überhitzers F. In Fig. Ι A denotes a steam boiler, the z. B. be designed as a sectional boiler and by any heat source, z. B. by means of the coal grate B, can be heated. In this kettle liquid chloroethylene is evaporated, which in manner known per se a circuit executing in. The engine C (piston engine, turbine o. The like.) And passes from here into the cooler D, where the vapors are liquefied again, being their Dissipate heat to the air passing through the cooler. The liquid is fed back into the boiler by the pump E , from where it starts its cycle again, while the air flowing through the cooler in countercurrent is fed back to the furnace by means of the line G , possibly with the activation of a superheater F.

Dieses Verfahren hat gegenüber demjenigen mit Wasserdampf den Vorteil, daß infolge des günstigen Verhältnisses der Verdampfungswärme zur nutzbaren Wärme sowohl die Kesselheizfläche wie der Kühler viel kleiner sein kann. Beispielsweise hat bei Verwendung von Chloräthylen der Kessel bloß x/3 der Heizfläche der Wasserkessel bei derselben Leistung in P. S./Std. zu betragen. Infolge der geringen, durch den Kühler abzuführenden Wärme können die Kühler auch mit Luft vollkommen betrieben werden.This method has the advantage over that with steam that, due to the favorable ratio of the heat of evaporation to the usable heat, both the boiler heating surface and the cooler can be much smaller. For example, when using chloroethylene, the boiler only has x / 3 of the heating surface of the boiler with the same output in HP / hour. to be. As a result of the low heat to be dissipated by the cooler, the coolers can also be operated completely with air.

Nach Fig. 2 kann die Flüssigkeit durch die Pumpe E im Gegenstrom in den Kessel A geleitet, dort unter Druck stark erhitzt und dann bei C1 unverdampft in einen Raum ge-According to Fig. 2, the liquid can be passed in countercurrent by the pump E into the boiler A , there is strongly heated under pressure and then evaporated at C 1 in a room.

Claims (2)

leitet werden, um erst hier durch einen Teil der in ihr enthaltenen Wärme zu verdampfen, dann die Turbine C zu treiben usw. Die Luft, die in dem Kühler vorgewärmt wurde, gelangt in diesem Falle mittels der Leitung G direkt vom Kühler zur Feuerung, da die im Gegenstrom zugeführte Flüssigkeit die Abgaswärme aufzunehmen geeignet ist. Wird bei C z. B. eine Kolbenmaschine verwendet, so kann die Verdampfungskammer C1 entfallen, da dann die Flüssigkeit direkt unter den Kolben gespritzt werden kann, um hier zu verdampfen und zugleich sich auszudehnen, so daß eine ähnliche, aber gleichmäßigere Wirkung als beim Explosionsmotor, aber ohne Zündung oder Explosion entsteht. Das Verfahren kann auch so abgeändert sein, daß der Kühler in Wegfall kommt und dafür eine Kraftmaschine selbst zu einem Kühler ausgebildet ist, oder es kann hinter der Kraftmaschine ein Verdichter zur Verflüssigung der Dämpfe vorgesehen sein. Pat ε nt-An Sprüche:be directed to evaporate only here through part of the heat contained in it, then to drive the turbine C etc. The air that was preheated in the cooler, in this case, by means of line G directly from the cooler to the furnace, da the liquid supplied in countercurrent is suitable to absorb the exhaust gas heat. If at C z. If a piston engine is used, for example, the evaporation chamber C1 can be omitted, since the liquid can then be injected directly under the piston to evaporate and expand at the same time, so that a similar, but more uniform effect than with the explosion engine, but without ignition or Explosion occurs. The method can also be modified in such a way that the cooler is omitted and an engine itself is designed as a cooler for this purpose, or a compressor for liquefying the vapors can be provided behind the engine. Pat ε nt-An Proverbs: 1. Treibmittel für Kraftmaschinen, bestehend aus den Dämpfen der in die Reihe der Chloräthylene gehörenden flüssigen Stoffe, deren Ausgangsmaterial Chlor und Acetylen ist.1. Propellant for prime movers, consisting of the vapors in the Series of liquid substances belonging to chlorethylene, the starting material of which is chlorine and is acetylene. 2. Verfahren zum Betriebe von Dampfkesseln unter Anwendung des Chloräthylens nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Chloräthylen in einem vom Heizmedium bespülten Raum über die auf normalen Druck bezogene Verdampfungstemperatur so weit erhitzt wird, daß es flüssig in die Kraftmaschine (Turbine, Kolbenmaschine ο. dgl.) gelangt, dort verdampft und Espansionsarbeit leistet.2. Process for operating steam boilers using chloroethylene according to claim 1, characterized in that the chloroethylene is in one of the heating medium flushed space is heated so far above the evaporation temperature related to normal pressure that it liquid reaches the engine (turbine, piston engine, etc.), where it evaporates and does expansion work. Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen.1 sheet of drawings.
DE1911288618D 1911-10-16 1911-10-16 Expired DE288618C (en)

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DE288618T 1911-10-16

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US9850496B2 (en) 2013-07-19 2017-12-26 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for controlling Leptinotarsa
US9988634B2 (en) 2010-03-08 2018-06-05 Monsanto Technology Llc Polynucleotide molecules for gene regulation in plants
US10041068B2 (en) 2013-01-01 2018-08-07 A. B. Seeds Ltd. Isolated dsRNA molecules and methods of using same for silencing target molecules of interest
US10100306B2 (en) 2013-11-04 2018-10-16 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for controlling arthropod parasite and pest infestations
US10240161B2 (en) 2012-05-24 2019-03-26 A.B. Seeds Ltd. Compositions and methods for silencing gene expression
US10334848B2 (en) 2014-01-15 2019-07-02 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for weed control using EPSPS polynucleotides
US10378012B2 (en) 2014-07-29 2019-08-13 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for controlling insect pests
US10557138B2 (en) 2013-12-10 2020-02-11 Beeologics, Inc. Compositions and methods for virus control in Varroa mite and bees
US10568328B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2020-02-25 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for weed control
US10612019B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2020-04-07 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for weed control
US10609930B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2020-04-07 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for weed control
US10655136B2 (en) 2015-06-03 2020-05-19 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for introducing nucleic acids into plants
US10683505B2 (en) 2013-01-01 2020-06-16 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods of introducing dsRNA to plant seeds for modulating gene expression
US10760086B2 (en) 2011-09-13 2020-09-01 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for weed control
US10801028B2 (en) 2009-10-14 2020-10-13 Beeologics Inc. Compositions for controlling Varroa mites in bees
US10808249B2 (en) 2011-09-13 2020-10-20 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for weed control
US10806146B2 (en) 2011-09-13 2020-10-20 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for weed control
US10829828B2 (en) 2011-09-13 2020-11-10 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for weed control
US10883103B2 (en) 2015-06-02 2021-01-05 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for delivery of a polynucleotide into a plant
US10888579B2 (en) 2007-11-07 2021-01-12 Beeologics Inc. Compositions for conferring tolerance to viral disease in social insects, and the use thereof
US10968449B2 (en) 2015-01-22 2021-04-06 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for controlling Leptinotarsa
US10988764B2 (en) 2014-06-23 2021-04-27 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for regulating gene expression via RNA interference
US11091770B2 (en) 2014-04-01 2021-08-17 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for controlling insect pests
US11807857B2 (en) 2014-06-25 2023-11-07 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for delivering nucleic acids to plant cells and regulating gene expression

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10888579B2 (en) 2007-11-07 2021-01-12 Beeologics Inc. Compositions for conferring tolerance to viral disease in social insects, and the use thereof
US10801028B2 (en) 2009-10-14 2020-10-13 Beeologics Inc. Compositions for controlling Varroa mites in bees
US11812738B2 (en) 2010-03-08 2023-11-14 Monsanto Technology Llc Polynucleotide molecules for gene regulation in plants
US9988634B2 (en) 2010-03-08 2018-06-05 Monsanto Technology Llc Polynucleotide molecules for gene regulation in plants
US10760086B2 (en) 2011-09-13 2020-09-01 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for weed control
US10829828B2 (en) 2011-09-13 2020-11-10 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for weed control
US10806146B2 (en) 2011-09-13 2020-10-20 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for weed control
US10808249B2 (en) 2011-09-13 2020-10-20 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for weed control
US10934555B2 (en) 2012-05-24 2021-03-02 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for silencing gene expression
US10240162B2 (en) 2012-05-24 2019-03-26 A.B. Seeds Ltd. Compositions and methods for silencing gene expression
US10240161B2 (en) 2012-05-24 2019-03-26 A.B. Seeds Ltd. Compositions and methods for silencing gene expression
US10041068B2 (en) 2013-01-01 2018-08-07 A. B. Seeds Ltd. Isolated dsRNA molecules and methods of using same for silencing target molecules of interest
US10683505B2 (en) 2013-01-01 2020-06-16 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods of introducing dsRNA to plant seeds for modulating gene expression
US10612019B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2020-04-07 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for weed control
US10609930B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2020-04-07 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for weed control
US10568328B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2020-02-25 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for weed control
US9850496B2 (en) 2013-07-19 2017-12-26 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for controlling Leptinotarsa
US11377667B2 (en) 2013-07-19 2022-07-05 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for controlling Leptinotarsa
US9777288B2 (en) 2013-07-19 2017-10-03 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for controlling leptinotarsa
US9856495B2 (en) 2013-07-19 2018-01-02 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for controlling Leptinotarsa
US10100306B2 (en) 2013-11-04 2018-10-16 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for controlling arthropod parasite and pest infestations
US10927374B2 (en) 2013-11-04 2021-02-23 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for controlling arthropod parasite and pest infestations
US10557138B2 (en) 2013-12-10 2020-02-11 Beeologics, Inc. Compositions and methods for virus control in Varroa mite and bees
US10334848B2 (en) 2014-01-15 2019-07-02 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for weed control using EPSPS polynucleotides
US11091770B2 (en) 2014-04-01 2021-08-17 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for controlling insect pests
US10988764B2 (en) 2014-06-23 2021-04-27 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for regulating gene expression via RNA interference
US11807857B2 (en) 2014-06-25 2023-11-07 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for delivering nucleic acids to plant cells and regulating gene expression
US10378012B2 (en) 2014-07-29 2019-08-13 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for controlling insect pests
US11124792B2 (en) 2014-07-29 2021-09-21 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for controlling insect pests
US10968449B2 (en) 2015-01-22 2021-04-06 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for controlling Leptinotarsa
US10883103B2 (en) 2015-06-02 2021-01-05 Monsanto Technology Llc Compositions and methods for delivery of a polynucleotide into a plant
US10655136B2 (en) 2015-06-03 2020-05-19 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods and compositions for introducing nucleic acids into plants

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