DE2705488A1 - CONTROLLED ELECTRIC HIGH VOLTAGE SWITCHING DEVICE - Google Patents

Description

January 14, 1977 Mü / Kö

Attachment to
Patent - and
Utility model registration

ROBERT BOSCH GMDH, 7,000 Stuttgart art 1

Controllable electrical high-voltage switchgear summary

It becomes a controllable electrical high-voltage switch-on device proposed that is used to allocate high voltage to at least one consumer. The high-voltage switchgear comprises a gas-filled hollow body with at least two electrodes and a device for generating a magnetic device Field. During the operation of the high-voltage switching device, the electric field and the magnetic field can lie parallel to one another or stand vertically on top of each other. Finally, a multi-electrode switching device is proposed in which with With the help of different magnetic fields, a selection of the spark gaps for an allocation of the high voltage to different Consumer takes place. With the help of the magnetic field, in the proposed high-voltage switching devices, the in the hollow body The charge carriers located are directed to certain paths and in this way, because of increased ionization, a Bring targeted breakdown of the spark gap.

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State of the art ^

The invention is based on a high-voltage switching device according to the preamble of the main claim. One of the two is with her Electrodes of the spark gap designed as a hollow cylinder and the other electrode dips concentrically into this hollow cylinder a. The disadvantage of this high-voltage switching device is the possible shielding of the magnetic field by the as one of the electrodes serving as a cavity / cylinder. Furthermore, the Hollow cylindrical electrode can only be produced with great effort if the side facing the other electrode, i.e. the Inner surface of the hollow cylinder with high temperature resistant material should be coated.

Advantages of the invention

In contrast, the high-voltage switching device according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that both the production of the switching devices simply and therefore cheaply, as well as a realization of multi-electrode switching means for AusV / pulse allocation ahl possible.

The measures listed in the subclaims are advantageous developments and improvements of the high-voltage switching device specified in the main claim are possible. The tubular electrode high-voltage switching device has proven to be particularly advantageous proved to be an ignition distributor in ignition systems of internal combustion engines.

Drawing

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description.

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Figures 1 and 2 each show an embodiment of the controllable High-voltage switchgear in which the magnetic field and the electric field run perpendicular or parallel to one another. Finally, FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a multi-electrode cooking voltage switching device, as it is, for example, as Ignition distributor can be used in an ignition system of an internal combustion engine.

Description of the invention

In Figure 1, 10 and 11 are the two electrodes, anode and The cathode of the high-voltage switching device referred to, which are located in a hollow body 12 in a gas atmosphere. on a coil 13 is attached to the outside of the hollow body 12, which generates an axial magnetic field when the current flows through it. While FIG. 1 a shows a longitudinal section through this high-voltage switching device, a central section is shown in FIG. 1 b Section shown.

If the coil 13 does not have current flowing through it, it is only If an electric field is applied between the electrodes 10 and 11, the charge carriers migrate directly from an electrode to the other. The type of gas filling and its pressure are designed in such a way that normally there is still no breakdown between the two electrodes. Because in this case the ionization is still too weak to initiate a breakdown.

The situation changes when current flows through the coil will. Then a magnetic field runs in the axial direction, thus perpendicular to the electric field, and therefore the Movement of the charge carriers deflected both perpendicular to the magnetic field and perpendicular to the electric field. As a result a helical line results more expediently starting out from the electrode 11, which is located in the center of the hollow body and thus also a greater path length between the

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both electrodes. This in turn increases the likelihood the ionization and the choice of the parameters of the high-voltage switching device is to be interpreted in such a way that it increases Path length and the associated increased ionization of the gas molecules is sufficient for a breakdown. As functional have resulted:

Nitrogen or argon as filling gas at a pressure between

-1
and 10 torr.

When choosing the material of the hollow body 12, it is important to that this consists of at least magnetically non-conductive material, i.e. that no magnetic shielding occurs.

In Figure 2 is another design of the high-voltage switching device shown. The main characteristic here is the parallelism of the electric and magnetic fields. True will electric charge carriers moving in the direction of an electric field from one that runs parallel to it Magnetic field not deflected, but due to the thermal movement there is no exclusively parallel movement to the electric field instead. In the example according to the figure, these "errant" are now forced onto a spiral path, whereby their path length increases again and with it the probability of a higher ionization. As a result a voltage surge occurs between electrodes 2Ü and 21 here as well.

The electrode configurations shown are proven Simply because their surfaces are easily accessible and therefore difficult to coat with handling materials is inexpensive.

Figure j shows the Scheir.ati.'scher. Aufb: iu a multiple high- ^ l ku π lungs sob. ^! '.. device for the allocation of high-saving impulses to this ^1st Case of two consumers who are d.-irgoc-itel.it as spark plugs .. Shown is a main electrode, 2 ¹ J and two Z U>leloktrod; u? b unci 27, dio: ~; w dci: both spark plugs 29 and 3 ^: - <

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to lead. By means of a ^{magnetic field H standing 1} 'perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, it is possible to control the charge carrier path and thus also to distribute the high-voltage pulses applied to the main electrode 25.

The filling gas of this multiple high-voltage switching device consists likewise preferably from nitrogen at an internal pressure between 200 and 600 torr. Have as electrode materials Metals of the fourth, fifth and seventh subgroups of the periodic table have proven to be particularly suitable. While Figure Yes shows a double high-voltage switchgear, is in Figure 3b a high-voltage switching device for allocation to four consumers and thus shown with four target electrodes 31 to 3'-I. The main electrode 25 is expediently located centric to the target electrodes. For the control it should be noted that the magnetic field is used with every control process is perpendicular to the plane in which the spark moves.

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ORIGINAL INSPECTED

Claims (1)

Claims 27054 OO \ Controllable electrical high-voltage switching device for the allocation of high voltage to at least one consumer with a gas-filled hollow body made of insulating material, into which at least one cathode and anode electrode protrude, as well as a coil generating a magnetic field, characterized thereby. . · Shows that the magnetic field and the electric field between the electrodes are either parallel to one another or perpendicular to one another. 2. Controllable high-voltage switching device according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that when the fields are perpendicular to one another, the electrodes are rod-shaped and opposed to one another are arranged offset, the cathode electrode preferably being centrally located. "5. Controllable high-voltage switching device according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that, in the case of parallel fields, the electrodes are dome-shaped or plate-shaped on their opposite sides are trained. ty. Controllable high-voltage switching device according to Claim 3> characterized in that at least two cathode-anode sections (25, 26; 25, 27) are accommodated in a hollow body (28), one of the electrodes (25) being common to the sections and the V / the switching device to be ignited takes place by means of a magnetic field. 809833/0093 - 7 ORIGINA L INSP ECTED - if - 2- 2705A88 5. Controllable electrical high-pannuriatic knives Claim 'J, characterized by the use as an ignition distributor in ignition systems of internal combustion engines. 809833/0 0 93